The Daily Worker Newspaper, August 29, 1925, Page 6

Page Six [HE DAILY WORKER ——<—<—<$<$<$<$<<—<$ <<<. Published by the DAILY WORKER PUBLISHING CO, 1113 W. Washington Blyd., Chicago, I. * . SUBSCRIPTION RATES By mail (in Chicago only): By mail (outelde of Chicago): | $8.00 per year $4.50 six months | $6.00 per year $3.50 six months | $2.50 three months $2.00 three months | Phone Monroe 4712) Address all mail and make out checks to THE DAILY WORKER, 1118 W. Washington Bivd., Chicago, Illinois J, LOUIS ENGDAHL WILLIAM F. DUNN® MORITZ J. LOEB.....ssssssesssssercees —— Entered as second-class mail September 21, 1923, at the postoffice at Chi- cago, Iil., under the act of March 3, 1879. saseannarorseseerersensnsesareessessereneneesers EC ItOPS Business Manager Advertising rates on application. ae] The Threatened Coal Strike There is a possibility that 158,000 anthracite miners will strike on September ist. As this article is being written, John L. Lewis is reported. to be sending out the necessary stoppage orders to the miners. The‘hard coal diggers are facing a struggle as hard as the coal they dig. Against them is aligned all the power of the wealthy an- thratice owners, their other industrial and financial auxiliaries and last but not least the government of the United States, the executive ‘arm ‘of ‘the collective capitalists of this country. In face of this array of force what should be the policy of the miners? They should immediately set to work to build up an oppos- ing array of force, composed of the workers in the other great key industries of the United States. In brief they should take a lesson from the British miners who won a victory by threatening the capi- talists with a general strike unless they withdrew their decision to reduce wages and increase working hours. What the British miners threatened they were able to make good, because they had prepared for it. No such preparation has been made by the leaders of the United Mine Workers.of America. Instead of preparing to wage war on the coal operators, effectively, by forming an alliance with the railroad workers, Lewis and his satellites are still continuing the orgy of expulsions which is partly responsible for wrecking the union in the bituminous fields. Only a few days ago Frank Farrington, the Illi- nois edition of Lewis, removed from office the progressive leaders of the Zeigler local after using the gangsters of the ku klux klan to shoot and blackjack the membership. This kind of policy bodes ill for a successful struggle against the disciplined and class conscious coal operators. If the miners are to depend on Lewis, to organize the strike, they risk defeat. Lewis is only interested in maintaining his position and is barganing for. the aid of Calvin Coolidge, the strikebreaker president to save his face for him before the miners. Lewis has helped to weaken the union. The miners must stand on their own feet. They should get the effective grievance committees on the job and run the strike themselves. <=> 290 Patriotic Hokum The Seattle Union-Record, once known as a labor paper, in a recent issue carried editorial comment on the war conducted by the French government against the Riffians in North Africa. It says in part: “Tt is time for America to take a position in thege matters to let the Old World chancellories know that the American people look with distaste upon their lopsided, selfish intrigues and would- be conquest.” This is.as much as to say that, America is free from both diplo- matic intrigue and a desire to conquer. The fact is that America is the strongest and most ambitious imperialist power in the world today, not even excluding Britain. France is riding rough shod over the rights of the people of Morocco, just what the United States is doing in the Philippines and England in India, Egypt and China. The DAILY WORKER attaches so much importance to the struggles of the Riffians against France and of the Chinese against the British, Japanese and American imperialists, that it analyzes the situation from day to day in its editorial columns. But you will also find in the DAILY WORKER news articles and editorials on the march of American imperialism thru South America and in fact all over the world. The Seattle Union Record, which was founded with the dollars of the workers has become a house organ of American imperialism. The DAILY WORKER is the uncompromising foe of American | imperialism, and while it constantly throws light on the movements | of other imperialist powers it pays particular attention to the home- made capitalist villian. The overthrow of American imperialism is the task of the American working class in alliance with the op- pressed peoples, and with the aid of the revolutionary movement of the world under the leadership of the Communist International. The Zeigler Miners The struggle against the reactionary leadership of the United Mine Workers of America has assumed at last a concrete and mili- tant form. The open rebellion of the membership of Local .992 of Zeigler, Ill., may not apear to be of very great significance consider- ing that there are thousands of local unions in the U. M. W. of A. But the issues upon which that one local has taken up the fight are of a nature that forecast open nation-wide revolt. The-chief issue is class collaboration. Second in importance is the miners’ unwillingness to be burdened by an officialdom that per- petuates itself by election steals and machine rule, There are other issues in Zeigler, altho supplementary, serve to accentuate these im- portant ones. ; ‘When a sub-district machine, an arm of the Farrington Brother- hood, goes so far as to prefer trumped-up, criminal charges against a group of progressives who challenge its right of leadership, it is an indication that the solvency of such a leadership has long since ceased to exist. And apace with this utlra-bankruptcy goes the building and solidification of a nucleus of wilful, class conscious workers whose present limitation in smallness of numbers in no way precludes its development into a powerful voice of challenge to the present corrupt léadership. It is a beginning the end of which is a housecleaning of the U. M. W. of A. Color Prejudice - A colored police officer went into a Cleveland restaurant for acup of coffee. The manager informed him he could mot:be served because of his color. The colored policeman arrested the white res- fdurant owner, and took him to the station. Whereupon-a white police lieutenant by the name of Walsh turned the:restaurant man i ‘and soundly berated the colored officer for the arrest. The col- Teli boticeman took the case to a higher authority, with the result that the,restaurant man is now held on a charge of Violating the “Ohio civil rights law. Such is life in “free Americas”. (Material from the Organization De- partment of the Executive Com- mittee of the Communist In- ternational.) HERE is still a tendency in party organizations to build up factory nuclei by rule of thumb, namely, only after the registration of party mem- bers according to the enterprises where they are employed the forma- tion of various nuclei is taken in hand one after the other on the instructions of the party executive. These party executives forget that it is essential to encourage initiative in every indi- vidual party member, and to make use of itin the formation and development of nuclei. It should be made incumbent. on every party comrade to find out Com- munist Party members and sympathiz- ers in the enterprise, and to form the nucleus together with the party mem- bers in the enterprise. Should the comrade in question be the only Com- munist in the enterprise, he must en- deavor to recruit party members among the workers, in order that a mucleus may be formed. All party members should of course be regis- tered. to their places of employment. The enterprises, too, should be regis- tered to enable us to proceed system- ; atically with the formation of nuclei and to exercise proper control. But we must be certain in systematizing this work that we do not discourage self-activity among our party com- rades, for a systematic development of nuclei is only possible if full scope is given to the initiative of party members and every one of them igs drawn into the work. | In order to show comrades how nu- clei are to be formed it would be ad- visable to publish in the daily press as frequently as possible good exam- ples of nuclej organizations. We give below a few such examples, hoping that as many comrades as possible will write to the party executives about. these questions, in order to obtain an. exchange of experiences by Means Of the press. The Nucleus Chairman of a Min- ing Enterprise Has Sent Us the Following Account. | $$ $$ | es our mine various localities aré represented. I got into touch with the managing committees of the Com- munist local groups, and got from them a list of comrades employed in ows mine. I picked out among them the most.reliable, and we all met on a Sunday. “We Wiscussed nucleus work jin the enterpfise. The only question was bisier IN) should work illegally or legally,’ After we had decided to work illegally, and after we had agreed on the best manner of getting hold of all the comrades, we held a meet- ing, and the subject of the report was: nucleus work in the enterprise. After a thoro discussion we proceeded to constitute the nucleus. There are three shifts in our mines, and we elected in every shift a shift-nucleus leader, as well as a literature and trade uniom'secretary. These com- rades constituted the executive of the nucleus as a whole. The elected com- rades received from the foreman of | this leading.organ instructions to draw all party.members in the enterprise into regular work. I made the nucleus leaders responsible for the carrying eut of the work decided upon. The nacleus leaders of every section were &-ven a list of all the comrades work- ing in his section, and he must always keep in touch with them. I as chair- man try to find out if the nucleus members of every shift receive the instructions which I give their leader. Thus it is possible to draw every com- rade into practical collaboration. Our nucleus meets once a fortight. The nucleus leaders of every shift are responsible for their nucleus members’ attendance at the meetings. Every de- partment leader must present a report ou the work of the last two weeks, teh this-makes the meetings interest- ing. Collection of membership subscrip- tions in the mine is certainly the most difficult question, because the party execubive has not made any concrete decisions on it. There are local groups who still stick to the old traditions and have their doubts. about nucleus work. But I am doing my best. to solve this problem of collecting sub- scriptions in our enterprise in the fol- lowing way. A sub-cashier is, elected in every shift and a head cashier of the nucleus for the whole enterprise. The sub-cashiers of the various shifts settle accounts with the nucleus cash- jer, and the latter with the cashier of the local group. In this manner it will be possible to collect membership subscriptions in our mine. P. M., Nucleus Chairman of the Mine. B abriiaesn nucleus chairman has sent us the following communica- tion on the formation of the factory nucleus: I got a list of comrades employed in the enterprise where I work from the party executive. Some of them I knew already personally, and the others I had seen at factory meetings at which I have always been a keen observer. I thereupon called together the comrades from the vari- ous sections whom I knew personally, and gave them the names, of party members together with an invitation to a meeting to be held the next eve- ning. I did not place on the agenda the dry subject, “Establishment of a THE DAILY ‘WORKE which the workers of thay enterprise were keenly interested just then. The results: were brilliant? }Omly two of those invited did not wome, and one of them sent an excuse. We did our business and established a factory nu- cleus. a I notified the local party executive of the formation of a factory nucleus in the works, The second meet- ing was held immediately after work- ing hours in a hall nearby. The party executive sent to this meeting a re- porter who gave a political dress. We then connected thesreport with our enterprise and drew from it the lessons necessary for us.’ The next day we were able to do much better oral propaganda work’than® before, as we were now able to connect the small needs and demands of the workers with the political events.-I must re- cord that since the establishment of the factory nucleus the comrades are doing much better party*work than before. Only now have: we a sound basis for our propaganda work in the factory, and we are sure that our leaf- lets are really distributed (there. After establishing this apparatus and ex- tending the factory nueléus by grad- ually getting hold of all the Commun- ists, we proceeded with the publica- tion of a factory newspaper. At first of course we went about it-in a rather clumsy manner, but after receiving a few hints from an editor, we soon got into the work/Our faetory newspapers have of cotitse received particular at- tention from the management of the works, but we Comunists have now the satisfaction that non-party workers approach us with the request for more factory newspapers and themselves bring contributions for the newspaper. We utilized this politisation of the workers and connected the sale of our factory newspapers with a collection for the Red Aid, and at election time, for the election fund. The result has been very satisfactory. ’ My experience in connection with the factory nucleus 18 as follows: There were comrades who were not at all keen on it, they were too much bound up with the old résidential form of organization. But soon "they recog- nized that factory nuéléi: are much more advantageous to the’party than the old form of organization. The party has considerably..increased its influence in the enterprise, and com- rades are much more closely united than before. In conclusion I should like to say to all comrades: “Establish factory nuclei every- where, publish a factory newspaper in every factory, publish your experi- ences in the party préss In order that other comra may profit by them. If you do this, the Influence of the Communist Party wil : ead? and the party will be able to do justice to the tasks before it.” = (Signed) Factory Nucleus Chair- * man in’ ——. il. The Nucleus Chairman, of a Me- dium Enterprise Has Sent Us the Following Account. pe factory nucleus question is to- day the main topic of party ‘discus- sion. It is no doubt oné/ of the most important questions, and’all comrades should not only take @i*interest in this question, but showl@®work ener- getically on this field?/°There will probably be many conifa@es who will ask themselves the question: How should I set about the establishment of a factory nucleus? It is true the matter seems simple enuf when one looks thru the good advice and, the hints supplied by the Central Com- mittee. I admit that the difficulties connected with establishing a well- functioning nucleus in @ larger fac- tory or works where workers are un- der very strict control are not so great that they cannot be overcome. It is a different matter altogether where a smaller enterprise is con- cerned, where the forethan or employ- er can contrél every otie of his work- ers at any time of the day. Many comrades will have’ experienced this of themselves, and a%good few had Probably to put up with the conse- quences of this, ITs T am employed in a stall enterprise which has the reputatiot that workers are under control almostvevery minute of the working day. »@evertheless I was determined from-@y first day in this factory to awaken’my seemingly indolent colleagues from their sleep and to try eventually%to find out if there were any comrad@s\among ‘them, I must confess this°Was an arduous task. I was told by ily fellow work- ers that the “old man"took good care that any one even theflwast suspected of spreading revolutionary tendencies among the workers of the factory was soon shown the road. Hence caution was of the utmost ingportance. As I could not think of any better way, I turned to be at the end of the working day always the last to pay a visit to a certain small, quiet place, the walls of which I covered with small handbills, Those who did not tear down these handbills were sure to be sympathizers, and maybe even comrades, On the following day kept my eye on ‘thesdoor of this certain place and endeavored under the pretext of feeling #l to enter the said place every time ‘® fellow worker | had*just lett it. The dirst time 1 did | this I noticed that of the hand- bills “had been remo: I took note who had been ins When I did this the second time, there was tho everything had been torn down. Then I knew that there was no hope of making friends with this lot. I carried on this game a few days running, and in the course of these days I knew my fellow workers almost by heart, I joined in the conversation of fel low workers whom I in my secret heart considered to be comrades, in order to make quite sure, and lo and behold! one of them showed me his membership card. Henceforth we worked hand in hand. We approached our fellow workers singly and worked them up as one should do in such cases—and the result was amazing. We discovered that not less than eight comrades worked in this enterprise, and they all told me that they had mistrusted one another. No one of them dared to attempt to establish a nucleus. But now “the nucleus is there.” We are of course very pleased with our success, and altho we must not make ourselves too conspicuous in the factory, for fear of being given the push, we have been able to enlighten a good few of our fellow workers on the treacherous policy of the social- democratic party, on the shameless at- titude of employers and the disgrace- ful treatment meted out by foremen to the workers. Any future wage struggles do not give us any uneasi- ness, for we are convinced that our work has not been in vain, especially as eight strong supporters at factory meetings out of a staff of fifty are by no means a negligible quantity. COMRADE from the building trade has sent us the following account of the establishment of a factory nu- cleus: When the party issued the slogan of reorganization on a factory nucleus basis, I immediately. proceed- ed to elaborate in our trade (building workers) a plan for the establishment of nuclei. I submitted this plan to several of my fellow workers, but did not meet at first with much encourage: |, ment from them. I saw, however, tha’ this was only due to the fact thal altho these comrades possessed mem- bership cards they had never seriously considered why they had joined our party nor what are our aims. This being so, I told myself that I must bi patient, and I proceeded to organize a@ meeting of comrades from various places where builders were employed. This meeting was quite well attended for a first meeting. I explained. my, plans to them. Several comrades pat down their names for participation. in the discussion. They said that t Plan was all right, but that it co not be carried out in the building trade, as party comrades were seat: tered because of the nature of their work, necessitating transference froy one building site to another. : Oth again were of the opinion that. should not complicate matters, as’ had already a trade union fract: They said that this was sufficient a that there was no need for a spe factory nucleus organization. I then tried to explain my standpoint to the comrades, telling them that we could very. well unite the Communist build- ers of our entire locality into one fac- tory nucleus, as the formation of sey- eral nuclei was fraught with great dit- iS one ficulties in our trade in which work- ers are continually shifting from place to place. I told them that if we stuck to the trade union fraction work which we had done hitherto, this would be by no means a factory nucleus organi- zation, I also said that comrades must, above all, realize that our aim is to build up. the party on a factory nucleus basis, and that therefore, fac- tofy nuclei are of fundamental impor- tance, Unlike fractions, which only discuss and organize work in the trade unions, factory nuclei are the medium thru: which all party work should be done (carrying our party activity, propaganda for the party and the press, collection of membership con- tributions). We thereupon proceeded to form a managing committee, making certain that the largest building ceiters should be taken into consideration. We also appointed a nucleus repre- sentative for every building site. The first work of the nucleus was to col- lect signatures in favor of the initia- tion of a plebiscite in Switzerland against excessive taxation. Every nu- cleus member was given three to four sheets and a list of the places where he should collect signatures. Cellec- tion of membership contributions from all workers engaged in the building trade is also done now thru the nu- cleus. Next time I will tell you about our further work and experiences. . Red Builder. (Organization Department’s Note:— The above example of the formation of nuclei in the building trade refers to a small locality. In larger localities, party comrades employed on various building sites of one and the same employer should be organized into one factory nucleus. Especially in the building trade, it is essential to pub- lish factory nucleus newspapers, as it is difficult to exercise thoro and con- tinuous influence over workers em- ployed in this industry which necessi- fates frequent shifting from place to place.) HE nucleus chairman of a medium sized industrial enterprise has sent us the following account: “We started our important work with the party slogan: ‘To the Factories!’ There were in our factory comrades from various local groups, and they were organized into a nucleus. We started with 20 Communist members and we proceeded to elect the executive whose composition is: Nucleus organizer, or- ganization organizer, agitprop organ- izer, steward for processions, demon- strations, etc., trade union organizer, cashier and Red Aid organizer. Then We divided all members into groups of five, allotting a leader to each, and into 4 group of Communist women. he whole factory was divided into Sections and every group of five was allotted one of the sections as its field of activity. Membership subscriptions e collected weekly thru the leaders of these groups of five, and this en- sures regularity. Nucleus meetings are held whenever important political and economic questions arise. Those ques- tions are discussed and this ensures united action by the whole nucleus within the factory. Regular nucleus meetings are héld once a month after How Is a Factory Nucleus Formed? working hours. The membership of our nucleus has already gone up from 20 to 39. From a staff of 350 people, 103 are-readers of the Comunist press. There is no special need for factory nucleus newspapers, as Communist newspapers can be obtained in the factory. It is only when one is com- pelled to work illegally and Commun- ist mewspapers are prohibited, that there is work to do for the editor of a factory nucleus newspaper. Leaf: lets, etc, are distributed in the fac: tory. Well, no sooner did the nucleus begin to be busy than the firm began. to hunt for the nucleus organizer. Commanist election addresses had been posted in the factory—hence the alarm of the management. But as our nucleus organizer is invisible, the hunt was in yain. We had successful col- lections for Red Aid in our factory. ‘The successes achieved by a capable nucleus show. us that we are on the right way and give us hope of a victo- rious revolution. Well, comrades, who work in factories: Learn to form factory nuclei, make factories strong: holds of the working class. Carry out the Bolshevization of the party and ensure thereby the ultiniate victory of the working class. No factory without a nucleus! On with the work! Long live Factory Nucleus! The Strongholds of the Revolution! (Organization Department’s Note:— To prevent wrong deductions being made from this report, we would like to say that it is most expedient to or- ganize factory nuclei according to the division of the factory into sections, blocks, or workshops. In general, me- chanical divisions into groups of five is not to be recommended. But sec- tional nuclei should be formed where such a thing has become an absolute necessity.) T should not be necessary to form special groups of Communist wom- en, for our women comrades should carry on the same kind of work and in the same manner as the men com- rades. Propaganda and agitation among women factory workers is not. only the business of women comrades, but also that of our men comrades. But this dees not mean that 20 spe- cial groups of women sympathizers ‘with us should be formed among whom our women comrades could do the néc- essary work. Wherever possible, nucleus meet- ings should be held once a- week. If these meetings fre well prepared and not too drawn out, attendance will be better than if a nucleus meeting is held once a month and has an agenda that takes up too much time. Factory nucleus newspapers should be published also in factories where Communist newspapers are widely read. The daily press cannot allow enuf space ‘for the discussion of ques- tions arising in all the factories: A factory nucleus newspaper appeals di- rectly to the workers of the respective facory. It deals with factory wuestions and connects with them the general questions of the labor movement and other political questions. The main task of the factory nucleus newspaper is to tell the workers continuously what they must do to improve their Position. GREAT CROWDS GATHER AT MOST SUCCESSFUL OUT. NG HELD BY N.Y. INTERNATIONAL LABOR DEFENSE Defense was a huge success with over NEW YORK, August 27—The annual outing of the International Labor three thousand present. Scopes Trial Burlesque. ~ The two features of the day were the Scopes trial burlesque and the taking of moving pictures. The burlesque won continual applause from the crowds who responded to the excellent humor of the piece. There were represented the twelve jurymen and “true from Tennessee, ignorant farmers the state of Tennessee had provided.” Bryan, Darrow, Scopes and the Judge were all there true to the last detail, and last but not least the monkey himself was there with a monkey face and switching his tail. He was all but human and answered the questions of Bryan with much intelligence. The play was filmed by the movie man. The crowd was also filmed at various times. In the not distant future this film will be shown in New | York and all those who attended yes- terday'’s outing will haye the pleasure of seeing themselves on the screen Yat that time. Watch for the advertise- ments for the showing of this original film. There was excellent food to be bought at the food and drink booths and. before night everything was sold down to the last portion of ice cream and the last hot dog. Must Defend Our Soldiers, In every way the affair was entirely successfi) and the International La- bor Defense has been strengthened to carry on the great work for which it was organized. And this work of de- fending and caring for class war pris- oners and their families is one of the most important duties of the working class. Whatever happens, the defense of workers must go on. The next step is to prepare for the coming confer- ence which will be held on Sunday, Sept, 13th, at the Labor Temple, 243 East 84th street, to which we invite all working class organizations. This conference will pave the way to ap ever stronger and greater defense. If you want to see the Wom. Same result—none ofithe handbills had | munist movement tasub Factory Nucleus,” bute.-matter , J been removed, — he third time | for the Daily, WORKER, } b. who spent their time chewing their cud ahd spitting in the spittoons which $$$ FASCISTS USE POLICE AGAINST N.Y, COMMUNISTS Blackshirt Starts a Fight But Needs Help (By Worker Correspondent.) NEW YORK, August 27.—Not only in Italy, but in America also, the fas- cisti use paid detectives and police. Some Italian comrades passed by the fascisti headquarters on 14th street between Third and Second Avenues. A blackshirt was at the entrance, with an insolent air. One of our comrades gave a terrible punch to the fellow who threatened him. Comrade 8. left our group to prevent further in- cidents. He separated the two fight- ers and told the dirty-shirt to go away, unless he wanted a new and better does of punches. We thought the incident was over when suddenly the fascist called to his comradés for help. We remained to receive them properly, but instead of fascisti, a detective came down who promptly arrested comrade S., the one who tried to avoid further trouble to the fascistl., This detective belonged to the Fias- chett! detective association, which is being generously paid by the fascisti to protect their pt agree ane 6 on his. coat themselves. He fasciati emblem, At the 5th Street police station he tried to build up an Important trial agalost Comrade 8. * sraghong eeroras ~ | bringing charging him with “insults” and “men- ace.” He also attempted to arrest another comrade who followed S. in order to witness the incident in behalf of Com- rade S. The police sergeant, in spite of the fact of having noticed the fas- cisti emblem on the coat ‘of the “brave” detective, who will undoubt- edly be rewarded by the fascisti for his courage and cleverness, placed Comrade 8.'s bail at $500. The bail was immediately raised and after about ten ‘minutes our comrade was free. The next day we went to the trial which, however, did not take place because the fascisti with the famous detective didn’t show up,\we do not understand for what reason. The whole thing was dismissed. We sincerely appreciate the prompt assistance given by the New York section of the International Labor De- fense, which greatly helped in liqui- dating the matter satisfactorily, Germa Interested in Russia, MOSCOW-—Professor Stekloff, ot the All-Union Academy of Sciences (Leningrad), who has just returned from a@ trip to Berlin, where he. was commissioned to purchase special in- struments and apparatuses for the Academy, tells the press representa- tives, that there is an intense and growing interest in Germany for the works of the Russian scinetists and, generally, the progress of scientific, thot in the U, S, S. R. / Workers Strike In Boston. ' BOSTON—About 300 cloak and suit workers employed by contractors are striking because jobbers and contrac tors refuse to renew the agreement for another six months, Sol Seidman, organizer and vice-president Interna- tional Ladies’ Garment Workers’ Un- jon says. Manufacturers renewed the contract, affecting about 70 per cent of the cloak and suit workers. Strikes are on in the 26 shops of contractors for the 8 jobbers who did not renew. British Unemployed Number 1,298,000, eee England, Aug. 27.—The number of unemployed persons in Great Britain continues to mount. The increase last week, acco: & to fig ures issued yesterday, was 29,000, the total to —