The Daily Alaska empire Newspaper, May 4, 1945, Page 1

VOL. LXV., NO. 9953 “ALL, THE NEWS JUNEAU, ALASKA, FRIDAY, MAY 4, 1945 ALL THE TIME” THE DAILY ALASKA EMPIRE MEMBER ASSOCIATED PRESS PRICE TEN CENTS = GERMAN FORCES, FIVE AREAS SURRENDER Jap A CHINESE IN NEW ACTION; NIPS KILLED Superforts Make Attacks on Bases-Yanks Enter Davao Port By Leonard Milliman (Associated Press War Correspondent) A general Chinese counteroffen- sive to rout a four-pronged threat to the U. S. Chingkiang airbase threw the Japanese armies into re- verse on every front today. Japanese reverses were so wide- spread that the month-old cabinet of Premier Baron Kantara Suzu- ki was subjected to the same type of criticism by Tokyo newspapers that preceded the downfall of pre- vious Nipponese War Governments. One city was recaptured and 3,000 Nipponese killed in the initial thrust by Chinese including American- equipped airborne troops. Japan- ese had driven to within 70 miles of the U. S. 14th Air Force base, 250 miles Southeast of Chungking. On Okinawa Only minor gains were reported| against the heavily fortified Naha Lipe in the Okinawa. operation which has cost American forces 16,964 casualties, including 2,978 dead. This compares with. approxi- mately 21,000 Japanese killed on Okinawa and U. 8. casualties of 10,938 on Iwo Jima, including 4,189 dead. American losses were boosted by a new announcement of naval cas- ualties for six weeks—5,551, includ- ing 1,131 killed, 1,604 missing, 2,816 wounded. This does not include casualties on two light naval units sunk and others damaged in a com- bined attack last night by suicide planes and boats and high-flying bombers. Japanese broadcasts said a cruis- er, destroyer, and minesweeper were sunk and another cruiser damaged. Supers Strike Blows Fifty to 100 Superforts struck the second successive neutralizing blow this morning against southern SEARCH FAILS T0 FIND BODY, DEAD FUEHRER No Trace fihancellery, Which Is Afire-Flames Licking Up Berlin | | By Eddy Gilmore | | MOSCOW, May 4—The Chan-| | cellery of the Third Reich in the Wilhelmstrasse has failed to yield the body of Hitler and now the building is burning, a Red Star dis- | !xm!ch from the German capital said today. | The disclosure that the Chan- {cellery where Hitler had his of- |fices was ablaze indicated that it | might be difficult ever to prove that |the Fuehrer committed suicide lalong with Propaganda Minister | Goebbels, as the Germans report. | | The statement that the bodies | |were not found in the building, | however, indicated that it had been searched, and strengthened the | theory that if Hitler did kill him- {self it was not in the Chancellery. | Soviet correspondents reported | how they, with Soviet soldiers, en- | tered the building and found dead; : German machine-gunners with iron | crosses. Hermann Goering’s Air Ministry likewise was ablaze. The dispatch said “it is impossible to get into it, {but' the gigantic shelter is intact.” | Flames still licked at other build- | {ings, and in the Tiergarten trees !crackled and swayed in the heat | | blasts. | | Izvestia’s correspondent said: “I| | have been asking the question | ‘where is Hitler?’ of German pris- oners. They all answer, ‘Hitler and | Goebbels committed suicide’.” | Red Star Correspondents Lt. |Cols. Leonid Vysokostrovsky and | Pavel Troyanovsky gave graphic| pictures of Berlin after the sur- render. “Ruins, craters, smashed streets, |street cars on their sides, fresh| graves, German hbodies still not | | buried, white flags, throngs of| {gloomy, starving inhabitants. Such is Berlin today,” they wrote. | | I | | Three-fifths of American U.S.COMBAT OFF SHIFTS Troops in Europe Said fo Be ldle | SUPREME HEADQUARTERS.‘ ALLIED EXPEDITIONARY| | | FORCE, PARIS, May 4—Except (Dx'; policing duty and general occupa- | tion tasks since the American-’ Russian link-ups and the German surrender in Italy, more than three- fifths of the American combat ' troops in Europe are now idle. | Troops of Gen. Courtney Hodgos“ First Army; Lt. Gen. Lucian Trus- cott’s Fifth Army, and Lt. Gen.! William Simpson’s Ninth Army are | cleaning their rifles and tuning' up their tanks, while forces of Gen. George S. Patton's Third and Lt. Gen. Alexander M. Patch’s Seventh lengthy Russian front as weary from the Ninth Army front on | France does not have one of the Armies bore on through the Nazi Nazi troops anticipated a generul;lhe Elbe River that the Germans southern redoubt and into Czecho- slovakia. Since American divisions one army, it is likely that some combat units will be shifted to' Front dispatches said Nazi offi-| wrote, “can’t do anything but accept more active sectors. But for the most part, almost 50 their duty” to Adolf Hitler and that | rng Dajly Express said that more American divisions are, in Army parlance, “sweating it out,” waiting to see who's going to handle the occupation, who's going to the Pa- front German regulars and VoIK-|pritain must look after half of cific to fight the Japs and who's Sturmers, some sullen and arro-|inem regardless of whether they | going home. NOCUTIN U. 5. ARMY INDUCTIONS Marshall Says | Eisenhower, Panicky Nazi Soldiers FORCES ARE | Surrender fo Americans, Brifish, Not fo Russians HUNDREDS OF NAZIS GIVE UP Surrender a-(-iermans in Berlin Mount - Some Sullen, Some Weary MOSCOW, May 4—Unit after unit of the German Wehrmacht surrendered today along the still- capitulation, and dispatches from | Berlin said the prisoner toll the're{puddling in make-shift rafts are Stood at about 145,000 this morning;evan swimming, in order to surren- never permanently assigned to apy With hundreds of Germans giving |der up hourly. cers indicated they had “performed their fates were now in their own ‘hands. From almost every sector of the gant, but most tired and depressed, were lined up for the long journey eastward. The Germans were being rounded up in such large numbers—some- times in complete units—that it was difficult to get an accurate count and it will probably be several days before complete figures will be issued for current captures. In Berlin, Russian forces were working day and night to restore the German capital's gas, water, light and communications systems to working order. Large squads tinued working of sappers con- in the ruins of CHANGES IN BIG CHARTER IS PLANNED Agreement?@arly Reach-! ed on Major Issues- Molotov Is Leaving By Romney Wheeler (Associated Press War Correspondent) LONDON, May 4—German sol- | diers, surrendering to American and | | British forces by the thousands in | |a panicky effort to avoid falling {into the hands of the Russians, | have created a serious problem for Allied authorities chalged with| (AP Diplomatic News Editor) keeping them caged and fed. SAN FRANCISCO, May 4—France ! Front dispatches said German|is virtually a sponsoring power of {officers and men were virtually the San Francisco Conference, it |racing each other to what: they|Wwas learned today, and it will take evidently consider the safety of |part hereaffer in the Council of the | American lines. |Big Four Powers. London papers declared that the| The move enlarged the Big Four British and American Armies al-|to the Big Five and set the stage! I ready had taken so many German |for operation of the proposed World ! | prisoners that Britain’s facilities | Security Council. i for feeding and housing them had | Virtually the only differemce now {become inadequate. |between the French position at the Associated Press War Corre- |Conference and that of the other spondent Wes Gallagher reported four countries appears to be that ( i By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER | ifour rotating Presidencies at the | were swarming across the stream,;Conference. or| The Big Four Foreign Ministers— ‘Molotov of Russia, Eden of Britain, ismmg of China and Stettinius of oy ithe United States—today discussed And the Doughboys,” Gallagher o oy, o 2B | amendments to the Dumbarton Oaks ‘plan for a world organization. | | them.” SAN FRANCISCO, May 4—The “Big Four” were reported near agreement today on major changes in the Dumbarton Oaks plan for a | world organization designed to keep wi ! peace. | were captured by British or Am-| " This accord was regarded by of- | ‘:PNCBH troops. ficials of the 46 United Nations in Gallagher reported from the Elbe | conference here as a long step to- that the American Ninth Army did | yqyq preventing deadlocks even ‘not want any German prisoners,|after Foreign Commissar Molotov | |but that the fear-crazed Nazis sur-|sets out for Moscow, as he is now | | render anyway. | expected to do next week. | “Military men,” he said, “arej sgecretary of State Stettinius has |afraid the Russians may feel the|to)q friends he is extremely pleased | Western Allies are giving shelter to | with the progress made thus far in | |the enem: his talks about amending the | RS e AT | Dumbarton Oaks Charter with/ | TEN S I 0 N IN | Molotov, Foreign Secretary Eden of | | | { j‘ 124,000,000 Germans had been {taken prisoner since D-Day and l;th.flt under the original agreement, | Britain, and Foreign Minister Soongi fof China. There was no evidence that the “Big Four” intend to favor any‘ (Continued on Page Five) The Washingion% Merry-Go-Round Suggests Name of London Sireet Be | Changed,Roosevelt LONDON, May 4—The London Daily Telegraph suggested today that Regent Street—London’s equi- valent of New York's Fifth Ave-| nue—be renamed Roosevelt Street| in memory of President Franklin D. | Roosevelt, “a truly great man.” By DREW PEARSCN | Col. Robert 8. Allen now on active service with the Army." @e. SAN FRANCISCO—On April 25/ and 26 this column revealed that| one day after President Roosevelt was buried, a meeting was held in| | Kentucky, Has Heavy Demands for Replacements | By William F. Arbogast WASHINGTON, May 4—Congres- | B — | sional hopes for a sharp cut m;ESCApE SHIPS [ Army inductions immediately after | few moments by exploding mines | or delayed-action shells. ‘ | | i Berlin's buildings and the city’s| | comparative quiet was broken every | [ OF BIG RIOT By Noland Norgaard | | amendments which would alter the basic Dumbarton Oaks idea of con- | centrating in a security' Council authority to use armed forces to smack down trouble-making nations | of the future. Regional Defense Pacts | But there are signs that the| the State Department at which his previous policy of a hard peace for Germany was reversed. " State Department appeasers pro- posed a new line favoring a soft peace. . On April 27, one day following aforesaid publication, President Truman called an important meet- ing in the White House. Attending it were Secretary of the Treasury Morgenthau, Undersecretary . of State Joe Grew, Undersecretary of the Navy Bard, Assistant Secretary of War John McCloy, and Leo Crowley, Federal Economic Admin- istrator. At the meeting Truman laid down a flat rule that Roosevelt’s previous hard peace policy was not to be changed. This hard peace polic} is basic- ally, that laid down by Secretary| of the Treasury Morgenthau last autumn, following Roosevelt's dis- covery that the Army and State Department had been planning appeasement. The Morgenthau plan calls for the wiping out of all German industry which could con- tribute to war, the taking over of the Nazi educational system, the banishment of Nazi school books, and a long occupation. ' President Roosevelt himself con- tributed one pet idea of his own, namely that military music be banned in Germany for the next decade or so. He believed the playing of military music aroused people’s warlike emotions. Instead he proposed giving the Germans (Continued on Page Four) GOVT. TAKES OVER | - 363 COAL MINES WASHINGTON, May 4—The Am- erican flag flew over 363 Pennsyl- vania anthracite companies today as the government took over and {ordered striking miners to return to work by Monday. Acting under Presidential direc- tion, Interior Secretary Ickes seized | the operations last night. At the| same time he deputized the man- |agement of each as federal oper-| lators to keep the workings open | while negotiations for a new con-| | tract continue in New York. | | John L. Lewis and his United Mine- Workers have not yet acceded | ;to a War Labor Board directive | i calling for extension of the old con- {tract. Its expiration Monday night precipitated the strike. The operat- ors consented, but asked that the| extension be limited to 30 days. STOCK QUOTATIONS NEW YORK, May 4 — Closing quotation of Alaska-Juneau Mine stock today is 7, American Can 97%, Anaconda 33%, Curtiss-Wright 5%, International Harvester 89, Kennecott 38%, New York Central| 26%, Northern Pacific 27%, U. S. Steel 68%, Pound, $4.04. Dow, Jones averages today are as follows: Industrials, 166.27; rails, 56.82; utilities, 30.90. | | { | A communique said 97,000 Japan- ese had been slain in the Burma campaign in the last 256 months, \ ARE BOMBED Evacuation of Mainland Is Attempted-53 Vessels Known Sent Down By Henry B. Jameson LONDON, May 4 — Allied air forces struck continually at Ger- man shipping fleeing today to-| ward Denmark and Norway after sinking at least 53 vessels and dam- aging scores of others in assaults yesterday and last night. Pilots on dawn patrols around the North Sea and Baltic coasts re- ported Germans still were trying frantically to escape the mainland in anything that would float. The evacuation attempt was hit yesterday by a seemingly unending stream of planes which dive- bombed, rocketed and strafed the| ships. U. S. Ninth Air Force Thun-| derbolts, called in to assist RAF pilots for the first time, accounted for 11 ships of transport and cargo size sunk or set afire. Several smaller ones were damaged. RAF Coastal Command Beau- fighters sank close to 40 surface vessels and damaged that many more, while Typhoons and Spitfires | sank or damaged 66 others. — SKAGWAY BOUND Mr. and Mrs. Paul Ozawa, form-~ erly Ketchikan residents, have been in Juneau enroute to Skagway, where Mr. Ozawa will be employed at the Alaska Native Service Hos- pital. |council may be permitted to recog- Ea (Associated Press War Correspondent) L s nize regional defense pacts which | ROME, May, 4-Many PDEIsons |, itomatically would produce help | | were badly beaten today In & free- ¢, %o "0 ackeq nation while the | {for-all fight between a crowd sing- | ' H A e |ing Communist songs and a group |C0UNcil was going g! e pro- | | 1gd Sbating Hallan |cess of deciding on longer-range | | of lemonstrating Ita s 1 soldiers | Stettinius held last night the (latest of a series of conferences' with Molotov, Eden and Soong, | going over amendments which the | “Big Four” have in mind—most of | {them believed to have been put| forward by Britain and the United | States. 1 One official said as the two-and- | a-half hour session broke up that | “very encouraging progress” had | been made. Three members of the | Senate Naval Committee — Byrd, | V-E Day received a severe jolt to- day from Gen. George C. Marshall. H Not only will the Army be un- able to meet replacement demands for May and June under the pres- ent program, .the Chief of Staff told Chairman May, Democrat, of the House Military Committee, but the current short- age is expected to be increased ‘“by some 50,000 men over the next three months.” Many Congressmen have felt that as soon as Germany falls, Army and Navy manpower needs can be filled by taking only 18-year-olds. This would reduce sharply the current induction rate. of around 120,000 men a month, Within the last week, Marshall wrote May, “General Eisenhower has informed me that his losses are currently averaging 2,000 men daily, and he anticipates no re- duction in his replacement require- ments for June.” JAPS IN BURMA ARE DEFEATED; RANGOON TAKEN CALCUTTA, India, May 4.—De- cisive defeat of Japanese forces in Burma, climaxed in the capture of the Capital of Rangoon with its big port intact, was announcel by the Southeast Asia Command today. Rangoon was found abandoned by the enemy, but an amphibious force which had landed just below the city to participate in the capture went through with the operation as a practice for bigger things to come —perhaps an attack on Singapore. {and students, who demanded that | | Ttaly retain the Province of Vene- |zia Giulia. Tension had spread about Rome |over the disposition of the province, | which includes the Adriatic ports of { Trieste and Fiume and the Penin- isula of Istria, following entry by | | Marshal Tito’s Yugoslav troops. The | | province was transferred from Aus- | | tria to Italy after the last war. | (The Belgrade Radio broadcast a Yugoslav Army Headquarters denial | | i | esterday of an official Allied | A | sl aruionosmal mauge"-m“t“;mg!m‘\l. fas;l:nd,: German garrisons in Gorizia and | bcmocrat, ppi, and Tobey, | Republican, New Hampshire—along | | with Senator Capehart, Republican, |Indiana, presented personally at the “Big Four” meeting their pro- dered in these places since as early'pos.fll: f£r : trustmk:p 35!’:':_;\ as April 30 these towns were com-;wmc youl . Sliow the 1 mex pletely cleared of enemy troops bywstates to retain control of strategic lour own foress.!) |islands in the Pacific. PR | Trusteeships | The students and soldiers, led by Earller, Commander Harold E.| | Trieste had surrendered to a New {Zealand column Wednesday. The broadcast said “No German garri- son whatever would have surren- Airmail Between Britain and Russia Russian delegations to seek a| | formula on territorial trusteeships. !He said afterward there may be |agreement this weekend. This is one of the big gaps left |in the plan worked out at Dumbar- | {ton Oaks last fall. Chief American l A I R dflmerest focused on finding a way s ga n esume ito allow this country to retain con- o | trol of military bases built or to be LONDON, May 4—Air mail ser-‘develuped on Pacific islands won ivice was resumed today between {rom Japan with American lives. Britain and Soviet Russia, the Gen- ———————— | eral Post Office announced. WEBB IN JUNEAU Nazi Marshal Lauds Allied Air Strength Von Rundstedt Admits Complete German Defeat ~Invasion Surprise By LOUIS P. LOCHNER (Associated Press War Correspondent) WITH U. S. SEVENTH ARMY, May 4. — Field Marshal Karl Gerd von Rundstedt, admitting complete defeat, said today he regarded air power as the most decisive factor in the Reich’s military failure, The former German Commander in the West received correspondents in a chateau where he was held pris- oner. Von Rundstedt said these were the other factors in German's de- feat, in order: 1—Lack of fuel, gasoline. 2.—Destruction of system. both oil and 3.—Germany’s loss of raw mater- | ials areas such as Rumania. 4.—Smashing of the home indus- trial sections, such as Silesia and Saxony, by air attacks. He said in his opinien Hitler is dead, but not by suicide. He ex- pressed belief the Fuehrer died in. Berlin, ner, he then added: | ! l—American Generals are surpris- | ingly good, as is Marshal Mom.gom-’ ery of the British Army. They have learned much since the Firts World War. 2.—The D-Day invasion came as a surprise, both regarding the exact time and locality, although the lo- cality had figured among German calculations. | 3.—The Western Allied Armies| made as successful a war of move- ment on Germany as the Reich! made on France in 1940, i 4.—The so-called von Rundstedt counter-offensive in the Ardennes last December was ordered by Hitler with the Field Marshal the scape- It was Germany's last and only chance to avert disaster. It! would have succeeded if supplies and reserves could have been brought up as quickly as Gen. Patton could move up from the south. 5—Germany fights on solely be-l cause all utterances, both in the| East and West, indicate that it is! fight for existence. 6.—Germany would have won in 1940 except for British certainty that the United States would help. T—No serious attempt was made in 1940 to invade England since ex- perimental jabs showed the German | water transport and fleet protection; were inadequate, Schisfosomiasis Is Discovered Among Troops on Okinawa OKINAWA, May 4—Discovery of the first known cases of schistoso- | miasis among American troops on| Okinawa resulted today in a general warning to troops to guard against liver fluke. Troops were ordered to stay out| of fresh water streams, avoid wash- ing in creeks, and also to avoid| swamps, rice paddies and stagnant pools. They were instructed to drink only purified water or water from goat. two legless war veterans in wheel | approved sources. Laundering of Stassen of the United States dele- $ {chairs, marched toward the Royall ation met with representatives of |CIOthing in suspected waters was Palace shouting “Viva Istria,"|\p ‘"p itk “Prench, Chinese and |Prohibited. Hawaiian Senate Tables Statehood HONOLULU, May 4.—A resolu- tion asking statehood for Hawaii |was tabled by the Senate today in |the closing session of the Territorial Legislature. e ——— READINGER IN JUNEAU e A —— e | A. T. Thorndal, of Nome, is a| A. G. Webb, of Seattle, is a guest at the Baranof Hotel. ) guest at the Baranof Hotel. | the railway | i Nervously puffing at an unllghtedv cigarette end, in crisp Prussian man- rmies Thrown Into Reverse on All Fronts NAZI ARMIES TOLAYDOWN THEIR ARMS Forces in Holtand, North- west Germany, Denmark and Elsewhere, Quit BULLETIN—PARIS; May 4— Gen. Eisenhower has announced the surrender of all German forces in Holland, northwest Germany, eDnmark, Helgoland and the Frisian Islands, effect- ive tomorrow at 8 a. m, Euro- pean time. Gen. Eisenhower’s announce- ment of the new capitulation in northwest Germany, Holland and Denmark does not mean this (Friday) was V-E Day. While less than five per cent of Germany remains to be won by the Allies, Eisenhower has made it clear there will be no V-E Day until the last German pockets have been cleared. By Austin Bealmear PARIS, May 4—The Allies liber- ated all Holland and Denmark and won northwestern Germany today, with Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower announcing that German ' troops there had surrendered to Field Marshal Montgomery, agreeing to ay down their arms at 2 a. m, Eastern War Time tomorrow, (8 a. m. Battlefield Time). This wholesale surrender came two days after the surrender of the German forces in Italy and part of Austria, and left only Norway and minor pockets in , Germany, France and Czechoslovakia to be swept up before the great war machine that Adolf Hitler ' built has been brought to a complete halt. The surrender was to MarsHal Montgomery’s Twenty-First Army | Group. Queen Returning Queen Wilhelmina already has {returned to the previously liberated portion of The Netherlands await- ing return to the Dutch Capital, and allied truck convoys and planes have been penetrating German lines for several days to take food to the famished population. In Denmark, King Christian X is reported ready to resume his pre- rogatives with most of the members |of Parliament already on hand to take over their duties. There have been indications that what is left of the Nazi regimé might be fleeing to. Norway. The latest of these indications was the blasting of German convoys fleeing toward that country. Ready For Norway Surrender of all (he enemy forces in Denmark, Holland and northwestern Germany left four Allied Armies—the British Second, the Canadian First, ahd U. S. First and Ninth—idle and ready to be hurled into any amphibious inva- sion of Norway or against the al- ready shattered redoubt in Austria and Czechoslovakia. There have been indications, though not clearly defined at Al- lied Headquarters, that the puppet governments in Norway and Cze~ choslovakia were moving to get out of the war as quickly as possible, Russian and Norwegian troops al- ready have entered northern Nor- way, while Russian and American troops are steadily narrowing the German pocket in Czechoslovakia. Far to the south, the Seventh Army joined the Fifth in the Brenner Pass, 20 miles south of captured Innesoruck, completing a 700-mile circuit from Italy through France, Germany and Austria and back into Italy. Salzburg has surrendered and the Third - Army has besieged Linz. Pl A SALVATION ARMY OFFICERS ENROUTE TO ANCHORAGE Capt. and Mrs. Henry Clark will be in Juneau over the weekend. They are enroute to Anchorage where they will be in charge of the Salvation Army work. Sunday, C. A. Readinger, of Rochester,|they will take part in the services Pennsylvania, Baranof Hotel. is a guest at the/at the Salvation Army on Wil- loughby Avenue,