Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, November 20, 1880, Page 4

i ; ! - within a few hours, 4 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, NOVEMB R Che Trimure. ON TERMS OF SUBSCRIL DY MAIL-IN ANVANCH—POSTA: ynily edition, ona vea rarte of a year, per mantl. Wally and Bunday.one suai Parta ata year, por month. nesday, Thuraday, and Mai par'vent.. Monday, Wednosday, and Friday, pear year. Faturday ar sunday, £6-paze ediiva,per yea PREPAID, 919, Any other : v ee enpy. per seat 2.80 Rube fear. Bian, Glab se te 12.00 cman copies xont treo. Ure Tost-usica addrasa tu {ult, Including State and County, Homlttances tray be mado either hy drat, express, Vost-OMico order, of tn rosisterod fetter, at our risks TO CITY BUNSCIIBERS, Dally, dolivered, Sunday excoptod, 24 conte per wok. Daily, dellvercd, Sunday Incluriad, BO centa por Woeks Address THIS TUIBUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Denrborn-sis., Chicago, Ut, eer neers POSTAGE. Entered at the Post-osiee at Chteago, My as Second> Claas Matter, Fortha benoft of our pairana who destra to rend einglecoples of Tie TUNES through the mall, we glvo herowith the transiont rate of postage: Dnuestie. Flaht and Twetva Pago Pay Biztoen Pago laper.. f pret Fight and Twelve Page Paper Bitten Hage Paver. ——_ TRIBUNE BRANCIL OFFICES, i NIGtNY has eatablished branch omfaen for tho receipt of subscriptions und advertisa- ments ns follows: NEW YOIRK—Itoom 2 Tribune Butlding. FADDEN, Manager, GLASGOW, Scotland—Alian's Amorican News ev, 8 Nenfiold-at, werican Exchange, 49 Strand. Agent. DD. C.-1819 F atrect, FT. Mee An LONDON, Eng. Montey's 'Thentre. Randolph atroct, botwoen Clark and fn Salle, En- wtgemontof the Tile Club. “idlo Noural” Aftor- noon und evening. re. . Teartorn street, corner of Sonrov. Engazement of tho Kirnify Hrothers, “Around the World tn Elgnty Days." Afternoon and ovovlnx. ; MeVicker's ‘Theatre. Madison strect, between State and Hearborn. En- kagoment of tho Madison-Xquaro Theatre Company, “Hazel Kirke.” Afteruvon and evening. Cinrk street, opposite now Cow montof Mr. Frank Muyo. “Davy Crockett." Afters noon and evening. Olympte ‘Thentre, Clark streot. between Lake and Randolph. Engago- mont of Me, Harry @. Mchinond. “Our Candidate.” Aftornoon aud ovening, Mershey Muste-HMait. Madinon atrcet, botweon State and Dearborn. “More Almor’s Mystorlos.”" Afternoon and avening. Chicngn Roller Hkating- Mink. Corner Alichicun avenue and Congress street. Opes day und evening. Fatrhank Hath Corner Randolph and State stroots, Lectara by Col. James Fateman on Fino Art" at2 p.m. SOCIETY MEETINGS. A. F&A, Me—Drothron nt the hall sunday, Nov. 21, nt Ay. Bee . i es ae we ee ener SW. . Fu Ms es ty Hasehiil, ordur Hed z RAW eRaHs WwW. sad BM. bi. BUZZELL, Keereth : D. A. CASIIMAN LODGE 2, GA, A. Es & A Momm Special Communication this Saturday oventig in thole Thad, corner Wert, Slatiaui and lbey-nun, Visitors invited. Work of special iuterert 1 Ni GED, W G. A. DOUGLASS, Seeretary. LE, NO, 20 mica ida. tien th SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1950, ‘Tut elevated railroads of New York resist the payment of taxes on the score that they are not bullt ott real estate. ‘They owe ‘the elty now 4 tmiltlon andi quarter of dollirs for taxes. ‘Thelr stock is three parts water to one part soli matter, and in thelr efforts to pay dividends they must cheat somebaty. The elty from whieh they hava obtained valuable franchises for nothing naturally occurs to them as the easiest party to cheat, -Reav estate Is active and advancing rap- idly in New York City. A prominent op erator told Townsend the other day that the average price was 40 per cent higher than tn (87. ° ‘This .is probably an overestl- nite, But instances are given of sharp rises The samo is true too Brent extent of Chicago, where the market is beghining to assume tho reseato hue of unte- pale days. Real estate feels the boom last, bus catches it hardest when it comes, -Gen, A. R. Lawtos, the Georgla enndidate forthe United States Senate, who was de- featert the othor day by Joseph K. Brown, Isa. reactionary Southern Bourbon of the ‘foombs stripe, Ho sineercly betleves that the con- stitutional ainendments are “revolutionary, null, and vold,” and would put the State of Georgia out of the Union and restore slayery if he could. It spenks well for the progress of the Georgia Democrucy in the Inst twelve years ‘that Lawton reeelved but 64 votes to 16 for Brown, who voted for Grantin the Chicago Convention of 1668, es Onz of the vaxed questions to come before Congress ‘atthe approaching session iy tho proposition to inerenso the duty on malt, ‘The brewers protest aguinst it, They declare thatan addition to tho tax would boa seri- ous injury to their business, ‘Though com- paratively little malt comes Into thiseountry, the brewers say that the fact that It can be impérted tn ease of emergency tends to keep down tho price of the home-product. Au- thoritles differ widely as to the quantity of malt produced in this country, the estimates ranging alt the way from 40,000,000 to 80,000,- 000 bushels, It will be noticed In this con- nection that tho Jrltish Government ins Jatoly reduced both the forelyn and the do- mmestic duty on malt, on the ground that it is a raw materia —_—— Pxopetry-owNens may be surprised to find, on looking Into thelr Insurance policies, that they are vitiuted by the use of gasoline or other Inflaminable Hqulds without the written consent of the companies. A con- siderable percentuge of tires ts caused by ex- plostous af cheap ,Iluminating compounts, In the Cites of Chicagu, Phtladelpnia, Bultl- more, St. Louts, and Cleveland during tho Just twelve months there were 124 such fires, ‘A tobacco factory in Loutsville was Iguited by oline and totally destroyed, the loss 7,000, A sfuiitar fire at Clarksville, ‘Tenn, in 1873, caused a loss of $159,000, Courts have held that persons who wrong- fully or negligently keep Iutammablo thilds on thelr premises are liable for the loss which Insy Gusue, whether eontined to tholr own “winixes or not, Jtwill bu well for gasuline- ae to look about them. ‘They may dis- rover thatthe money saved ih cheap Ughts dues nut pay for tho risks. Tus canvass for the Speakershlp in tho Lower Mouse of Congress proceeds ina lyely Way--In the newspapers, ‘Tho hitest hifore mation fk that Mr, Kasson will come home front Austrle pust-haste, If he is needud; tut Mr. Dunnell, of Minnesota, ts to be poshed for the phice on the xlugylar ground tint hie divided ls own party in the last election; that the Hon. J. C, Burrows, of Michigan, ts willing; that‘l, J, Henderson, of Mtnols, would not object to the use of hijs names that Fathor Kelley Is not and will hot be a -candidate, but destres to ha imade Chalrman of Ways and Means; that Omar D, Gouger und W. 2 Eryo will wait until the Senators are chosen from thelr respective States before thoy Interest themselves further in the subject; and that divers and sundry persons little known to fame aro confident the House will take tp a dark horse, and that ench of them Is dart enough. We shall know more about these things in Mareh, —_—_— Two Cittcago able editors express great solicttude lest the new Aduintstration shalt appoint another Chiengo editor Chief of tho Indians, Whether this opposition arises from envy or fear ts a question. If the former, it shows a lack of maguantiilty ant brotherly kindness unworthy of the editorial Tenternity; if tho Intter, It ig a chimera of tho fmagination, and has nothing to warrant It. Josteadl of using the tomahawk on you It nade Chiof, the brother will bury It and tend- er the pipo of peace, Filled with the spirit of chivalrotis maguantinity, he hereby with- draws his “claims” tn favor of elther of his ungenerots competitors; aud, if they will agree between themselves whieh shill have it, he will unite his fatinence with theirs In making that editor a bigger Indian than any other brave, Beloved brethren, elther of yon has every requislt qualifleation for the office of Chief of the aborigines, and your ap pointment would argue well for the capacity of tho new Administration, Tit census returns of the five lareest citles in tho country have been footed up, and they show a considerable excess of fe- wple poptiation in New Yort, Brooklyn, Philadelphia, and Boston, while Chicago still reports an excess of mates. Tho returns from the first four eltles compare with the reports for 1870 as follows: Excess of fematex- 1870, 183, Gain, aC end PCS Mme RU ES RU 1TH F803 weeny BRUTE 100,012 11,960 New York has shown a gain of inate popu- lation relatively. ‘The other three citles have increased the excess of feniles tn all 11,960, ‘The fact that In these four elties there are 100,038 more females than mates, Is due to two ennses: first, to the steady drain of young men from the Last to.tho West, and, secondly, to the tendency of unprotected fe- males to resort to large cities where they can avt employment casier than in the country, Chicago, which i2 still a now elty and tins more work for nen to do than any of tho others, makes the following returns: Exceed of mites 1570, 1557, Gain. 15078 6,030 Kings County, in which Brooklyn is situ- ated, hus about 8,000 less population than Cook, aud 22,000 less mate population, In case war Is ever declared between the two counties Cook will have an immense advan- -tage in fighting strength, GOUDY'S NEW ISSUES, Tho Inte clection has set a good many Democrats to thinking, Among tho nuinber is Mr, William C. Goudy, of thiselty. Mr. Goudy has been well known as a determined and uncompromislog partisan, Ile has gen- erally been credited with .a willingness to take up with any issue. which promised to galn votes for the Democrats. ‘Two years ago, If wo are not mistaken, he grafted Fine ism upon the platform of hts party In this State with a view to catehing votes, During the Inte campalgn he Is sul to have acted as ehlef adviser to Mr. Carter H, Uarrlsun, the: nianager, and to have’ urged that gentleman toull the partisan excesses that were com- mitted under tha Intter’s direction, He is also the member of the Natlonal Democratia Committee for Minols, and stands high in every particular tn. the Democratic counsels, Nevertheless, Mr. Goudy is now reported ag taking the position that ‘tha time has come fora brenking-up of the nes which separate the parties,” and as maintaining that there are many independent thinkers who will “hall with delight the erention of a party under whose banner they nny unite without a fear that they will be betrayed or sold out.” Mr. Goudy's post-election thoughts seem to bo mainly significant because they indl- cate how seyero a shock tho Democracy has sustained; they scarcely imply that’ there will actually bea disruption of parties, In- deed, It may well be believed that Mr, Goudy himself wopld be one of the last men to abandon the name and organization of the Democratic party, The reported interview to which we refer furnishes evidence that ho would recedo from any such departure, For instance, he professes to bellove that tho issue of State-sovereignty has been elfml- nated from the politics of the country by the foree of the repented victorles which Nation- allsm has aclieved under the leadership of the Republican party, Yet, in the very samo breath, he asserts ‘that “the -great principles upon which Democracy is founded cannot ilie,” even though “the name of the party be changed.” Mr, Goudy does not ap- pear to bo aware of the obytous contradic- Uon of these two theorles. ‘I'he one * great principla” of the Democratic party is the ‘doctrine of State-soverelguty. ‘Tha party cannot cllng to that princlpld and abandon it at the samq time, It Is the very corner-stone of Democracy. John C, Calhoun mide {t the rallying ery of tho party, and professed to have imbibed it from the teachings of ‘Thomas Jefferson, It has betrayed the party into all of its serious blunders, 1t was the suggestion of nulll- flention In 1883, the enuse of the quarrel between the Douglas and Southern factions of the party, the provocation and excuse of secession in 1860, and the basis of resistance to tho constitutional amendinonts. and re- construction leglalution that followed the Hebellion Wary lt ennnot reasonably be malutained that the Southorn Democrats are now in the humor to concede to the Northorn Demucrats the abandonment of their darilng dowina, Perhaps thore was never atima whon tho Southorn Bourbons felt more bitterly than they now feel toward thelr Northern allies, The South holds the Northern Democrats responsible for the Inte defeat, A Georgin newspaper, which seems to reflect the Bour bon sentiment of Its sectlon, denounces Hewitt, Belmont, and tho other managing Democrats of tho North as “those hell- worthy arch traitors,” and indulges In other atutlar characterizations which are mero forcible than ypollte, 1 will not by ensy to persunde the ruling element In the South to abandon the State-sovereleuty heresy, nor willit bo possible In any case to throw aside that issue und still cling ta the “ great prin ciples upon which Democracy ty founded,” My. Goudy's suggestion of the tarlf asa National issue between parties 1s not prae- tleal, 1t could not iInany event furnish » bread Ine of demarkation, because the Dem- oerats would not dare to espouse tho theory of absolute free trade, which would necessi- tute ralsing tha Nutlonal revenue by direct taxation, nur would the Republicans dare to adopt tho opposit- extreme of prohibition, as that would result In the same necessity, Any modification of the Issue would fall to fur- nish {a all parts of the Union equal grounds of contest for National division, It 1s probu- ble that partles will rématn much as they now stand upon this question—the Western and Southern Democrats adhering to the tariff system ns a means of revenue only and proposing to tux only those articles which do not come fn competition with home pro- ductton or manitfacture, and the Republice 20, 188f—SIXTEEN PAGH 8 the revanne shall be ralsed chiefly from those articles which, if adiuitted free of duty, would seriously conflet with home industry, If the Democrats were to urge “tariff for revenues only’? as tho chief polley'of thelr party they would cut themselves off from all support in the Now Engiant and Eastern States, 'Thoy could noteven unite all the South upon this issue, Loutsiana would fall them, ‘ns well as Delae ware and Maryland, and tho result would be come doubtful in other Southern States which aro developing a capacity for manu- facturing. The obstacles which such a policy would encotnter In the East are auflictently ap parent from the fact that Gen. Haneock found It necessary to practleally repudiate tho platform of hls partyin this partleular in order to savo himself from certain and overwhelining tlsaster In New York, Penne sylyanta, and New Jersey, It ts not likely, therefore, that the tariff! question will bo brought to the front by the Democrats as tho chief issue between parties contending for the National supremacy, ‘The inclinations of sections and communities will remain inuch as they are now, and no party will care to strain its resources by’ taking an uncompro- mising and aggressive position, In the menn- thine, If Is probable that, Jf the present Congress or its successor shall pass any dis- erect measure modifying the present tart schedules in such a way as to simplify them tid produce the largest revenue nt the sinall- est cost, and with the lenst interference with those interests which now enjoy incidental protection, it will be extremely diflenlt for any party to change the result one way or tho other therenfter, Other issues suggested by Mr. Goudy do not seem to be any better culeutated than the tariif 1s to serve ns the dividing line of Na- tlonal parties. ‘Lhe conflict of opinion as to the double and single standard of specio money Is certainly not snited to this mission. -As public sentiment now stands on this ques- Uon, those who favor the maintenance of the double standard constitute the vast majority of both parties, and any effort to establish the single sandard would encounter sich de- termined resistance from botir parties that It would dig stillborn, Nor Is Civil-Servico reform likely to furnish the Democrats with a pretoxt fora new departure. ‘The closest study of Demoeratle politics, whether in theory or in practive, falls to reveal any sympathy with the proposition to reforin tho Civil Service, and any pretentious effort ba that direction “emanating from tho Deino- erats would be received by the country with derision, Vartisan possession. of the spolls and rotation iu ofice are cardinal tenets of Democracy, and both aro contrary to the splrit of a permanent, sclentitie, or business- tiko system of Civil Service. ‘Ihe traditional practices of the Democratic party have taught the country that tho hope of Civil- Service reform must rest with some other organtattion, The chastisement of the Democratic party seems to have hud o chastening effect upon Mr. Goudy for the time being, but we fear that the influence will not be enduring. When the thue for another election shall come around we expect to find the Demo- eratle part¥ making another effort to secure the ofllees ‘én a strictly partisan basis, anc we shall iiot be surprised to find Mr. Goudy, if life and energy be spared to hhn, en: gugedl In the servive of the party in a lteading position as usual. Mr. Goudy probably re- members the old couplets When the Povil was sick, tho Dovil 2 monk would bay ‘When tho Devil got well, dovil a monk was be, PENSIONS FOR EX-PRESIDENTS, ‘The Charleston (S. C.) News and Courter, a Confederate newspaper, has made a propo- sition that shotld carry some welght, ag com- Ing from a leading Southern source, to tho effect that a bHL ought to be introduced at the fortheomlng session of Congress con- ferrlng a pension of $20,000 8 year for life on each ex-Presideut of the United States, tho only condition being that the pension shalt cense If tho recipient accepts any public oMice,. In advocating its proposition tho News and Courier says: It may sometimes cost tho peopto as much ns $10,000 1 pets but thesis a bagntelte In com~ parison with whit will be galned in wvolting tha oceasion of scandal, and in declaring the wish of tho people that hu who tas been President south, for tho rest of his life, be relloved from tho necessity of entering the’ political aren, or one goytug In trule or commerce. ‘Tho present Con- cress (a Democratic, und, white the Presidential Pension bill should not be treated as n party menaure, wo should expect it tu recelve the sup. port of the Senators and Congressuien from tho outh. The pensioning propdsition fs one that Is worth enreful consideration, As to the mat- ter of the pension Itself, and the propristy and even duty of making soine provision for our ex-lresidents, we question whether there would bo any opposition offered to it by any class of tho American people, or whether It would ever be made a party Issue. ag to tho dutails of the amount of the pen- sion, the manner it which It should be given, and the conditions surrounding {t, there might and should bo general discussion, so that it may be done ina sensible and intetli- kent manner. Unquestlonably the pension should be the equivalent of at least one-halt the salary, and it might be better, perliaps, to change the condition suggested by the News and Courter, and make its payment depend. ent rather upon tho ex-President’s not. going back to the office than upon his holding any public ofilee, ‘The pension would not at any thue boa public burden, ns there will never bo at any tine many reelpients, Wo have now but two ex-Presidents,—Gen, Grant and Mr, Hayes, It has been urged by some that lt will be setting 9 bad example and es- tublish a precedent that may work badly In the future, ‘This is notse, however, of ne cessity. Lt need not and should not apply to any other new cases, ‘The Presitentlal office Is un exceptional office, and it should be treated exceptionally, ‘The ox-President Is always hedged in with conditions the mo- ment he leaves his office, which are nut solt- imposed, and which he eannot evade though hols tune way responsible for them, .As svou as ho steps down from his chalr of office, custom nnd fashion forbid him to enter upon any business, ag It 1s considered beneath the dignity of one who has held thé highest of- ‘leo In the gitt of the peonle, unless le possi> bly, like Clnchinatus, my owns farm, to which he is allowed to retire, Woe are now treated to the somewhat scanda- fous spectacle of an ex-Presitont who ted our armies to victory, who served two terms us President, who made tho jour. ney around the world, aud was the honored guest of almost every Court on earth, casting about him for sumething to do whieh may yield bina Iying. He must do something in his present clreumstances for o living, Alo has but yery little income, and he cannot exist upon reminisconces or live ontirely without work or money, The whole coun- try feels pleasantly dnelined to Gen. Grant as. Well us to Mr, Hayes, and we do not belleye any serlous objection would be made to gly- jug them a pension, which would be equiva: Jentto retiring them-upon halt pay, If thoy owned farms it would be stlll better, as they could then live In comfort as retired gentle- men iia life which would be atrictly pri- vate, and at the sumo thne give them sume thing todo if they were disposed to oceupy thelr thine, In this connection a proposition has been made heretofore and considerably discussed, to make the ex-Presidents United States Senators for Hfe, There aro many aus aud Eastern Democrats contending that | didiculties Iu tho way of this, however, It woul require a constitutlonal amendment | surveying, plan-drawlng, publ which would be dificult to work out, and might not be ratliled by the State Legisiat- ures. It would. meet with serious appos!- tion at the handsof many politicians, and un qutesttonably some at tho hands of the peo- ple, Such n Senator would represent the Nation nt large fnstead of a State, whieh would be contrary to the spirit of our instl- {utlons, and the proposition ts stil further open to objection because the balance of nower would frequently be In tha hands of tho ex-President, ‘The pension plan seems to be the best and most practical, and pro- vided It {s so arranged that the pension shall cease Whenever tho recipient goes back to Ils offices there does not seem to be any serlous objection to It. ‘The European Cov ernments pension those who haveserved thelr country In far less exalted positions. A com- parison of what England did. for Wellington with whatthe Untted States has dono forGen, Grant, whoso military record cellpses that of the English soldier, and whoso polltteat posl- tion was fur more exalted, docs not redound to our generosity or gratitude asa Nation, and the spectacle of those who have occu- pled the highest position In the country seck- ing for something #o «do In order to make a Mving ought to be husntllating to the Nation’s pride. ‘The passage of some stich bill as that suggested by the News and Courter would meet with tho approbation of at least tho majority of the American ‘people, and we doubt whethor there would be any serious opposition In any quarter. DESTRUCTION OF OUR FORESTS, A writer ina recent number of the Baptist Review culls attention to the rapid destruc- tlon of American forests, and to the necess!- ty for some legislation to arrest it before it Is too lute. It is unduubtedly trie that with- in tho lust half century our thnber-lands have been constantly growlng less and less; and it is tho oplnton of all who have given any attention to the subject that, at the ‘pres- ent rate of destruction, tho resources of our forests will be destroyed before many years, Avis a fact to-day that only four of the twen- ty-six Stutes east of the Rocky Mountains enn furnish supplies beyond what is needed for themsclyes. The figures quoted by Mr. Thompsoy, the writer of the article referred to, are full of significance, and apparently trustworthy. We can only sum them up ina very general way, Tho four great tinder States are Masue, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Minnesota. Of these tho first is now nearly stripped of her valuable tinber, and tholumbernien are coin: pelled to cutthe young trees which should form the seed fora future growth. In Olio, between the years 1853 and 1870 there were cleared over 4,200,000. ncres—equal to one- sixth the entire area of the State, and equivalent to the removal of the timber from an entire county each year, Le- tween 1870 and 1878 over 4,500,000 acres of timbered land had been. cleared. The demand for white pine upon the north- ern seetions of Michigan and Wisconsin has been so grent thatit!s not believed that the supply can last longer than six or seven years, All tho thnber lands near tho leading streains have long since been cleared. As to Canada: “A gentleman who has traveled over the territory says there 1s not from tho Provineo of Manitoba to the Gulf of St. Lawrence enough spruce, pine, hemlock, ash, onk, elm, and ‘other commercial wouds to supply the whole consumption of, the United States for threo years.” ‘The value of the annual cutting from the Amerlean forests is near $1,000,000,000, which is consumed inn thousand different ways. Over 100,000,000 cords are used for fuel, In 1871 (en thousand acres were stripped to supply Chicago alone. To supply the de- mands of the railroads in the State of New York 50,000 neres of woud- land have been cleared in a single year. Then tho annual losses by forest fires are something enormous, ‘The toss from the fires of 1871—which swept over Wisconsin, Michigan, and New York—Is cs- timated at over $15,000,000, In 1870, and agaln in 1870, Pennsylvania suffered terribly from thesy forest fires, which in. 187 de- stroyed timber In value beyond computation in New Hampshire, Vermont, Massnehiu- setts, Wisconsin, and New Jersoy. In 1878 the woods on Lake Supertor were atire al- most continuously for 160 miles. These fig- Ures glye a general iden of the linportance of w proper care being taken of our forest lands and of tho finmense anual domand upon them. ‘There aro two methods of remedying the evil,—for It's an ovil in more ways than one, ‘The health of communities, the prosperity of large tracts of land, the fertility of the soll, even the supply of water and water-power, —all these are largely deponient upon the actual conditlon of our timber-lands, ‘The first method Is a prevention of waste by proper restrictive mensures, and the second Is Increased development and pro- duetion by the maintenance of schools of forestry qr arboriculture. What restrictive legislation Is necessary or best we do not propose to discuss at present. Germany leads all nations In forest culture, Italy has a system of “forest laws.” Austrian has adopted a systom of forestry. ‘The French forests are under the care of tho Ministry of Finance, Tho Cantons ot Switzérland aro planting trees, Great Britain has planted thousands of acres with onks., Hussin pro- hoses to reforest various sections of barren country, Sweden has several laws regulat- ing tho cutting of thnber, Even India hos reserved and made inailonable large tracts of Govermnent forests, From tha experlence of these nations It will not bo a difleult task to draw the lessons necessary. to guile our legislative bedles in passing propor laws to atequately protect both the thubor Innds and thelr ovners, As to tho other plan of educating men In tho selenca of forestry, wo have an agency at hand which might be casily gurned to our National advantage, Any system adopted to protect our forestsa—whother pliclng them -Wudor the charge of the Interlor Departinent or making them the objects of attention of u separate and independent bureau—woukt require agents ta carry it inta eifect. And the better thelr knowledge of the subject tha wiser thor netion and the more valuable tho results of their lubors.. Hence tho necessity and importanea of ‘establishing schools of forestry. Now most If not all of the States have given largo tracts of land to universities or educational fnstltutions, nominally to enablu them to develop ngricultural depart> nients, Iu some cases this object has been earrled out, Cornell and other colleges have govt departments for practleal agticiltural teavhing., But in most’ of the colluges the revenuo from these lant, Jf there is any, is carried to the general fund of tho Institution, and no pretense—or noth ing more than a pretense—ts made to teach- Ing anything pertalulng to agriculjure, ‘Chis fy the cnge at Yule College, we beileve, which has a Jarge Jund-grant. Those grauts furnish the means to establish and maintain efllciont schvols of forestry. Norcould they be de- yoted toa better purpose, Such a school ta not limited tn its. curriculum. It requires the services-as teachers of entomologists, ellmatologists, geologists, botanists, snd practieal foresters, In Gormany tho courge of study embraces “chemistry, phystes, meteorology, mineralogy, suatomy of plants, vexutable physlulogy and pathology, micros- copy, zodlogy, geodesy, wood-measuring, economy ant finance, cultivation of forests, forest im- provements, forest fistary, elvil law, erlinl- nal law, construction of roads, bridge-buila- Ing, and hunting.” ‘Tho subject of tha destruction’of our, fors ests fs ono that requires immediate attention and netion Jt isa subject in which all ara equally interested, And it is also one that bids falr to soon become of vital tmporta nee RAILROADS FOR MEXICO. The meetings which have been held in New York for the past fow weeks point out that the United States, which have been so long regarded by “mantfest-destiny” people as tho natural heirs into whose hauds Mexico must fall, are likely to become the agency through which Mexteo will bo Hfted from her present poverty and weakness, sand bo enriched by Industry dnd enterprise. ‘The wopulor impression has always been that tho absorption of Mesleo by the Ameriean Union was Inevitable, and the only difference of opinion hing been whother It shoult be taken all at once or by installments, 1t has been more than thirty years since the war with that country resulted in the acquisition of a large portion of the. territory of Mexico, "That war was waged for the express purpose of extending the area in which human slavery might be maintained, but, wltlmately, that war with Mexico led to tho abolition of slavery on this continent. : Tho annexation of Mexico, or ayy part of it, would of necessity be preceded by a war, and the annexation Itself, to say pothing of tho war, would be a Natlonal calunity, as Great tothe victor ns to the despulled Re- public, Stneo 18407 the United States have made marvelous progress, and this is In nowlse more conspicuously shown than in the fact that tho private capital of the country has, in that brief term, covered the States of the Union with a closely-woven network of rail- roads, with one route to the Pacifle Jong asitice in operation, and three others in rapid progress; with slx or elght lines reaching to tho Missour! River, through: Iowa and Min- uvsota; while away off to the Southwest, even to the Rio Grande and beyond, the work of construction is forever goliz on, Still, with 00,000 miles of railway alrendy built and In hand, there fs not yet field enough for the unemployed’ capital of the country. ‘Che owners of all the various rail- ways traversing’ the Southwestern States have now concluded to unite their trunk Ines, and thelr branches, and their inde- pendent corporations, ant make one grand system of railway transportation, which, starting southward from ‘lexus, shall cross the Rio Grande, and, penetratlig by various routes, carry the locomotive Into every part of Mexico, Already the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fé Railway Company is’ pushing its roadway through Western Mexico to Mazate Jan, on the Gulf of Callfornia, and row the overflow, the superabundant capital of the country proposes to open ‘an iron highway to the City of Mexico, and connect it with all the seaports and the Interlor districts of Mexico, {t is proposed to strengthen Mexico, not by taking hor torrltory and incorporating it in tho American Union, but by teaching Mexico and giving her the means of strength- ening herself by the introduction of trace and commerce, Mexico has but lHttle trade or markets, and not.muchi to sell, and conse: quently produces but little beyond what is needed at home, American capital propuses to open a market for everything that her soil or her Inbor ean produce, and to give her the means of renching that market and of ob- taining in exchange commodities that she needs und cannot produce, American capl- tal proposes to open to the people of Mexico cheap and rapld transportation between Mexico md the whole Northern Re- public, and to run trains to aut fro through -the country deliverlng —mer- chandise and picking up Mextenn products, thus giving to that country all the commer- cint advantages anc all the tneentives to ag- ricultural, mining, and manufacturing in- dustry that Mexico could enjoy If a part of this Union, yet leaving tu her unbroken her nitionallty, her name, and her fdentity, It will be an Infusion of vigor, of thought, and of action luto the sluggish indifference of the Mexican character. It will brighten tho houghts and give activity to the energy of tho people, It will give, moreover, stabillly to the Govermmont of thatcountry. It will cultivate the taste of property-owning and ‘establish property rights. Jt will make men seck property, and to have that property pro- tected, 1t will encourage respect for law and obedience to authority. It will make revolution and dletatorshIp odious, It witl, in short, Americanize the Mexicans without denitlonallzing Mexico. ‘This scheme for the goneral extension of our railway system to Mexico Is fraught with blessings to the United States and to Mexico, and It {sto be hoped that it will be pushed with vigor and success, SOUTHERN DISSIMULATION. The first thing needful to the political re. generation of the South fs that her statesmen, presses, and people should learn to speak the truth, For twenty years they have been de- celving themselves and trying to decelye the people of the North and the rest of mankind. During the War of Rebellion they pretended that they were fizhting fur a grent govern- mental priuciple, when in fact they were contending for the perpetuation aud sn premacy of slavery In this free (2) Govern- nent, The position they assumed necessarily made thom hypocrits, When they surrender- edthey pretended to abandon the slavery idea, It was only a pretense, however. ‘They bitterly antagonized every step of reconstruc- tion tnien in pursuance of the Northern the- ory of the true Interpretation of the Constl- tution, notwithstanding their pretense of ac- quiescence in It. 1n the very act of protend- ling to nequiesco fn negro stufrage they nullified it by foreo and fraud, Cansenting with their Ips that the nogro should voto, with their hands they tore the ballot from hig nerveless grasp and cast it contemptuously to the winds, Professing loyalty to the Natlon, they have trampled upon its Hag, the symbol of Its power, Pre- tending to be absorbed in efforts to restore tholr shattered fortuncs, they have directed atl thofr energies to the single end of secur- ing and wielding the Natlonal ruthority. For fifteen years the history of the South has been a record of disloyalty, of pertldy, of cruvity to tho negro, and of politivat frauds of every description, We do not call the South to account (hus harshly for tho mere pleasure of uttering epithets, but because the arraignment Is a “true bill’? We wish to shaw that there ty no hope of political peaco between the North and the Sottth so tong as Southern statesmen, presses, and people per- sist in mafutaining an attitude which {sy essentially deceptive and false, ‘Thoy must lenrn to speak the truth or thore ts no hope of them, and no hops of the prosperity, either material or political, of thelr section, * ‘Take this utterance of the South Carolina Charleston News and Courler; “ TheSouth has been kopt solid by the conviction that In fio’ othor way could tho fnallenable rights ‘guaranteed by the Constitution be effectively malntained.” In the tirst place, this state: ment is utterly false. Tho South has been kept solid by depriving o majority of the citizens of ceftain of “their inalienable rights guaranteed by the Constitution’; aud the purpose of keeping it solid has beon to render this deprivation permanent. In the second place the assumption of the News and Courter that the South fs more careful of tha guarantees of tha Conslitution than the North ts sublimely impertinent and mon- strously absurd. ‘Tho presumption that tho News and Courter knowltngly and willfully fulstites is Irrealatible, and this fact shows the despair of tho politteal situation South. No compromise {s possible with a people who persistently He about the subject of the proposed compromise, and as persistently swear to the lie with grave countenance, ‘In every political society or community an honest statement of tho issue which divides the members of It ts essential to the scttle- nent of tho dispute. Given nm compact by which a community agrees to stand, tho party which talks loudly of preserving and ablding by it but at tho snino timo strikes down an finportant provision of ft, will in- ovitably bo regarded nga fraudulent organi- zation worthy only of contempt. ‘This is the position of the South. Lt is bankrupt of rep- utation, Ittalks loudly of the guarantees of the Constitution, while ft rudely strikes them down. With the plunder of the robber concealed, about {ts person it calls upon tho oflicers of thé iawnot siinply to protect It, but to enlarge Hs priviteges. ‘This ts lmpu- dence, theandacity of villainy. ‘There can bo no compromise with this cinss of political, taseals, Honest men have no right and should hive no disposition to concilinte thom, ‘They mttst repent first. They aro fit subjects for reform. If Wade Hampton, and Ben Hil, and Chalmers, and the Red- Shirt clubs do not truly represent the South in their hypeeritical and double-dealing course, thon Iet the South repudiate them, yote them down, and drive fhem from public Ife. While they continue to speak and act for the South the South will bo judged by thoir words and acts, Tune seems to be n singtlar unanimity among tho Democratic newspapers in the pretended bellef that the distribution of offices under the new Administration will be nade upon the basis of thd third-term and antt-third-term conflict in the Chicago Con- yention, ‘T'hisis one of those cases whero the wish {s father to tho thought. We have no doubt that the Democratic leaders would be very gind to have Gen. Garfleld give a fornial recognition of two factions in the Re- publican party and ratify an assumed breach by parceling out is favors in about equal proportions. It is entirely snfe to predict that the Democrats will not be gratified in this partleular, Gen. Gartleld’s rare political wisdom. will protect hlin from any such error, The scramble for the nomination in the Chicago Convention is n thing of the past. it dld not exert a baleful Influence upon the prosecution of the campaign, and It will cer- tainly not be revived now that a victory in common lias been achioved, ‘The Republic- an party miny be likened to a great stream which divides into two channels at an island and reunites ‘further on Into one body. The istand was Jeft behind long ago, and the Republican party js flowing on In one grand current as vigorously os if no obstacle to its course had been encountered. It is not improbable that Gen. Grant himself’ may be tendered such public position as ho may desire or be willing to fill, but the third- term Issue will cut no figure In the bestawal of patronage. From the Cabinet positions down to tha places filled by tho janitors of public buildings tho first consideration for a tan jike Garfleld will be fitness for ultice, and the next loyaity to the Republican party as a whole, and not to any faction thereof, 1t requires no Inspiration from Mentor nor the spirit of prophecy to foretell this with contl- dence, It will bo much safer for those who covet office under President Garfield not to urge any factlonal.spirit or personal service as 2 pledge of thelr loyalty, but content themselves with a clean personal and party record, and proffer faithful and competent service In the future rather than any attach- ment in tho to one faction or auothor. InsaAres of charitable Institutions which require a feo for ndinission will bo interested in a decision lately rendored by the Superior Court of New York, Lucius W. ‘Tilden and wifo ene terod the Chupin Hoine for the Aged and Infirm Oct. 2, 1878. ‘They pald in compliance with tho rulo ru Ission feo of $300 ench. Both sub- scribed to an agreomant to conform to the rulos and discipline of the piace, Mr, ‘T'llden soon bo- | cumo disgatisiied, and made many complainta about the method in which tho institution was IMunaged, Tho Bourd of Trustees In September, 1880, amended tho by-Inwa, providing that any Inniate who should circulate reports ‘injurious to tho reputation’ of the “house should forfeit tho privileges of mombership, ‘Lo provent tho ‘Trustees from tuking action ngainst him, Mir, Tilden instituted proceedings unainst thom. Tho Judxo decided in favor of tha rustees and aigmissed tho complaint, It Pluinti bad sucd for the recovery of his feo ho might havo obtained Judgmont.and ho might not; the Court declined fo pass upon that quos- tion; but, in reality, ho sucd for tho allirmanco of the agreemont under which he was admitted, flo was willing to stay in tho institution, and anxious to enjoy tho full benoft thereof, but naked that by the mandate of the Court ho might bo kept there in such a way as to. bo practically exempt from tho alsoiplino of the plice. ‘Tho Judgo sald ho did not sce how this could bu done, pasos ent ed Gen. T. W. Conway, who hins interested himesctf In tho exodus of the negroes from the Southern States, and has speotil inforimution, betloves the movement will begin noxt month ou alargor gealo than over before, There aro, ho says, 100,00 negroca in different Southorn States organized In bands, and huving money to buy land with. It isa mistake to suppose that all Southern nogrocs are penniless, When it ia remombored that In soven years they aconmu- Inted, moro than $50,000,000 in the Freedmon's Savings unk thoy cannot be avcused of line providence, Sinco that bank failed they have hidden their savings in tho’ ground, in tholr houses, and in thor clothes; and, if they had boen firly paid for thelr labor, they would be in gatitt Lotter condition, Somo Northorn men, who want to test tho question of tho negro's capability ns land-owner, have formed a coim- pany, of which J. M. Woodward, of Now Rochelle, N. Y., 13 the President, and have pur chased 700,000 acros.of Jand in New Moxieo, which thoy will offer on casy terms to colored immigrants. Poor white mon have gona West and becomo prosperous; now it ls proposed to sco it poor black men can't do the samo, ———————— Tur following advertisement In somo of tho New York papers expluina itsotfs BEYER THAN A NOVELT THE SUNDA ae mm 1 Sunday, Nov. Ii, and will contt wHUtiy theronfior, the publication ut chee Continue LIVE OF came PAE BENNETT, ft u Meyinning of his Curcor to the P ib Aron, Weauatng” Numerous sisrding eplcodce wad Kacapades, tuo publleation will contains Hand Msuof" Noung dia, Vitater wat OMtcor Hf dim ae a sGoutiomen es eee Stn aid the i i Airaag Band, trang ‘un-Can, ne Yagiit-Ciub Funeral, jark with the Arabian Bleeds, nas Fakes to Pola, '. dha Gets [nto Gioad fioctety. Aja any uther seus und fouursabie edvontures of binny ular thereat Kaurieut JOUrHaliet. RE TECI UTES oI a ‘Tie Pall Mall Gazette states that 457,919 emigrants arrived in tho United States in tho year ending June 0, and ja lost jn wondor and admiration at “thelr opormous yaluo to the land of their adoption.” ‘Iwo hundred mon, for exumplo, it states, in Dakotu,/have, after five yeurs’ cultivation, brought this gummer, from virgin sui) which cost them nothing at first, 540,- 000 bushels of wheat, worth §100,0U0 in cash. “Hero, i¢ computes, “is amonoysvulue of $2,000 created by the labor of onc man,” and proccods to urge the question upou economists, whether itis wiseto drive out of Eugland so muck labor aud capital. Ou thig tho New: York Tribune remark: t Is no doubt tho laborer f11 Atnerten, plis the land f CUO the, which costs him nothings ts worth gang tet num. Hut tho ame man at home ey Pea Innd, and plus English laws, + ttnns ne toy 1 Wages, T worth—what?” RES and gin, iy Tim Massachusetts cits . report valuations of property te do not tholr population. Cambeltge, whieh eres 09 in poyutntion, ranks eecond sn valuation Apringfotd, which is clghth | lon, ani sixth in wonlth, Newton, which 4 in population, ts olghth tn valtintion, striking rovelation of tho census te the ¢ tho Town of Brookline, with a punuttige only 8,000, lacklug by 4.000 tho repute “t quired to enable ILto beeome a elty. nag eee ation of over $22,000,000, and outrmke ent tage ction, ixbt of nteenty Another rr Cavt. Gronar Wasutnutos, ¢) tho Inst ‘Tonnessoe Nomocentie euteenman at ig ono ofthe new converts jn that Baten! tho election} to Republicnnten, ang ae ee find rnitient ono too. Thoso ‘ian 222M mon all over the State. Judge Grant on ed ville, is one of them. Col. tke urns oan same piace, has indienterd his intention ot ie no more Doniocrutie tickets. The Fecesal tho old-lino Whigs from 0 Demoer as general cnough t vente ma ee Who can ithe? The Inatanapa is nuthority for the fnformution muna Hlekl’s Administration tho "winking mee fromtemperance and virtto whieh Shee ae tained will no longer be tolerated.” Ant ne “a prominent oflleor of the ‘Treasury epee ment will not bo allowo to boast thie bee have none but protty girls about hts, coffee, i publish shamclesty his lechory, relying upeates honesty, ofllcial record, and friendship with, : Prestdent for bis retention in atl S a Tus Thanksgiving Proclamation Is th most diMcnit composition for tho averngo F; : ceutive officer to nvlileve. President tla i procinination was written in nie ubecnce, at it ayntnx was pleked to pleces by un lrrevene press. Gov, Hoyt, of Ponnsylvanti, ha a worse experience, Ho roferred to tho State as ay Christinn Cominonwenlth.” ‘Tho Tenrers of Pailudelphin protested. The Governor then, to ftccommodate overybody, changed tho phrase 0 “a Commonwealth of Freedmen.” ——— nin Inzaxors has 2 school population of 1 010, 851, an chrollment of 704011, and 11559 sto districts, supporting 1,054 schouls, ‘The state has, mureover, 681 private schools, Instructing 00,440 pupils, There nro only 4,015 Iterates {4 Miinofs, During the lust school yenr the public achool expenditures of tho Stute nmounted 19 S7,551,041.70. Tho average amount putd Mmonthig to tho inno teuchers was $44.24; to tho fomis teuchors, $35.28, _—— Tue Newenstle (Eng.) Chrontete hag heard tho nows, It says tho settlers on Me, 'T, Hughes’ location aro groutly disappointed at finding all tho fand covered with trees, The clearance of the land from its thnber ts verp costly, and the soll is poor and unfitted for titage, Indeed, {tls only suitable for ymziog purposes, ——————a ALEXANDER H.. Sremiens says he shall yoto to pay the Suporvisors and Deputy Mare sunia, as they havo porformed thelr dutiesunder tho Inw, and aro ontitled to tholr pay. It fe be Ueved that somo othor Democrutty members tuko tho annie view of this us Mr. Stephens, ——<—<— In the noxt House 203 Representatives will ‘ho old mombers,—18 retlected from the preent House, and etyhtcon tnembers of former Cham: bers. ‘This leaves ninety-une Representatives who have nover befora sunt in the House at Washington. a Tux aggregate vote of Wisconsin for President this year was 207,188. Four years aco it was 287,012, Tncrenso in four years, 9F4% Gnrflold's pluratity {9 20,554; Garfield's majority, 21,608, Hayes’ plurailty was 6,1tl; Hoyes' me Jority, 2,057, PERSONALS. Dr. J. G. Holland 1s having a yacht sixty feot long built for him at Bristol, Ht. L. Prof, Proctor will return from Austratis via Amorica, and we hope that tho stars inthis vicinity will bo on thelr good behavior, A Cloyeland paper says that “tho Demo eratia party Is nearing tho end of the rope.” It this ia so, sumebody-had better be detailed to watch the rope. Tho Inte Willinm B, Spooner, of Baston, bequeathed $10,000 to tha Divinity School con hocted with Hurvard University, and &,00 to tho Theological School xt Moadviile, Pa. “A young man of Waterbury, Conn,, while under tho Influence of Inughing-gas in adente {at's ofico pushed his fent through awhndose, bit novor felt tho pane. Miense send $2 for thls by return mall"=S. f Tikden, The Cinclnnatt Gazette of Thursday con talng a poo addressed to a lump of coal. Ils not every newspaper-man that can keep the fro golng and still baye a chunk of anthracite to welto poetry nt; but the falries have ulways been goal to Deacon Suilth. It was n corresponient of the New York Tribune that telegraphed to hia paper in all tts thrilling details tho fact that Gen. Garfell’s house at Mentor was about to received coat of drub-colored patnt. The Cornell School of Joure ualigm ts cortainly a greut success—in furntede ing diplomas, P. T. Barnum recently received a letter from aman who sald ho hud made a bet that he (P, T.) was not n brother of W. H. Marnum: which tho showninn replicd tut he thankol Heayen that thoro was no nearer relallunshp than that of Adam, ‘Tho other Mr. larnum 4 yet to be heard fram, Apple-dumplings from the pot, Just a dozen, steaming hot— . And tho old man, convalescont, sys tho erace ‘Thon ho takes them, one by one, Ents cloven, white his son ‘ Soca thom disappear with horror on bis face. | Whon sick man takes the Inst. Spenks the little hoy, aghast: a “Pa, Lhavon't had one dumptiag—nor as 3 What!” tho old man erfes, mmc, Whilo dropped his knife and gazed, “Would you tako the Inst ono from your pot sick Par” —Hovsehola Balla, Now o'er you hill the glad Aurora comes Blushing from rosy cheeks to. Anger-tlpss tate And o'er tho meadow, through tho tlh all Into the foreat where tho partridge drums Tho humblo-bee above tho hotly hums; ‘Tho willow in tho river softly dips; Across tho Neld tho merry milkuiatd trips ‘And on ber shining pail ahe gently thrums ‘An old loyo-dlitty, wondering tho while If Hobin Gray wilt mncet her ut the stile. ‘Tho lowing cattle o'er the sweet lute en With rattling hoofs press onward (0 the: Mi nt Brushing tho giltteriug dowirops us bey vale TTI at the bubbitng strenm thoy drink the —Swan B, Anthony, PUBLIC OPINION. Iacksonviito (111.) Journal (Hep )3, janet Davis politicully is. a fraud, and ough sia) fer tired to private Life ante, Hs ba panty - look to, the Democratle Pay 11a we edeutent yokufellow fur Tsu )¢ Why should Indianapolis Journat (Rep.): | A not Congress make at onco a grucel Ihouorablé tion of Gon, Grant's services and ae mee ot provision for bls c old ge by orcas Blas Piel Torabal with, a gufary commensurato # ee : 2 ON {o Provideneo Journat (Iep.)? eee fact, will stop the stendy flow of t oof free ulation from a state of bondage to be pe for dom, oxeept the complote Tremont ce gud wite mor, and that depends upon the than upon we dui of the Southern people more f autlon of tho Federal Govornuenl ‘Fe shall bo Dubuquo (Ia,) Pines (Hep.) Vroloo GB perfeotly sntiaticd with whatever Pe Gartield may think proper to By ea epude hundreds of wortby and well-qual nuoneds but Heung whose names, tase ween net have. a fopreaumtative in the ce i te Cinclnunth Commerctal (Ushi xew Preaidential Pousion idea, started es or York Timea, ia not taking rap’ ioe ively 19 posed subscriptions are go far ee tha pa romain ubgurdly {uadoquate. Bes! ele gpoull ciple Is wrong. Tho Amerealaty a ale cal Fe oe oe racy in porticulae (20 Mare! ranl