Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, November 14, 1880, Page 4

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: 1880—SIXTEEN PAGES. ' Che Eribune. TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. BY MAIL S ADVANCE—POSTAGE PREPAID. Citi arts ota se Daily and Sun Bermn of Dueedus, Taure Raturdas oy Sun Any other day, Ghe copy. clvt of far Gubot te Specimen cop Give Post-Ulice address in full, including State and County. Lemittaneés may be made efther by draft, express, Post-Offce order, or in recistered letter, at our risk TO CITY SUBSCRIBERS. Daliy. delivered, Sunday excepted, 25 cents per week. Dally. delivered, Sunday included. 20 cents per week. Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, “Corner Madison and Dearborn-sts.. Chicago, Ii _———— “POSTAGE. Entered et the Post-Ofice at Chicago, IO, as ‘Second Class Matter, Forthe benefit of our patrons who desire to send sincle copies of THE THISUNE throuzh the mall, we ive herewith the transient rato of postage: Domestic, Per Copy. Fight and Twelve Page Paper. {2 cen. simwen Pace Papers 3 conta. Eicht and Twelve Page @ cen. ‘bixteen Page Paver. cen ‘TRIBUNE BRAD ‘THE CHICAGO ‘TRIBUNE has established branch igtices for the reonipt of subscriptions snd sdvertise- ments as follows: ‘NEW YORK—Room 2 Tribune Building. ¥.T. MO- FApDEN, Maunger. GLASGOW, Scotland—Allan's American News Agency. 31 Henficld-st. LONDON, Eng.—American Exchange, 4&9 Strand. Bunny F.GILLIG, Agent WASHINGTON, SOCIETY MEELINGS- 1319 strect. CHAPTER, NO. 101, R. A. ‘M.—Special co ADtauon Monday evening, Nov. 15, Je) at 20 Sielock, ‘rhe ‘Council derrees will be worked, and it ber will be present. {a hoped that every MONEE THEE ANY, aE. HP. MYRON HABHIS, Secretary. JNCOLN PARK CHAPTER, NO. 177, B. A. M— puis Gomer Norn Clark and Centre-sis, _itegular fall gaadon Monday evening, Nov. 15, at So'ciock- (Vurk on the Council degrees. received them will inke notice. f vervinvited. By order Of og cROMLISH, HP. H. 8 STREAT, Secretary. COVENANT LODGE, NO. 5%. F. & A. M_—The fo- neml ceremonies of onr jate brother, Juhn Robinson, “Sy Toccur trom the ball of Covenant Ludze. No. 5°, y. & A. M., this (Sanday) morning at 1:0 sharp. Vis- are invited. B; thren. order of bena.ore “GRUNGE A. WAIT, W. 3 xo. FAIRVIEW CORINTHIAN CHAPTER, NO. @, R.A. Mi Epecial Convocation Monday evening, Nor: 15, at 7:30 vicloek, for work on tho St. & dagren, eens om rdially tn’ 01 PADIODS Bre Cora EET MALCOM, MB. EL P. JOWN 0. DICKERSUS) Secretary. GOLDEN RULE LODGE, NO. 7%. A. F. & A. Mo Stated Communication. T'aesday evening. Nov. 16. 158), Bt 7:0) p. im. fur important work. Visitors always f welcome By order Of ayiog Gg, NEWMAN, W. ML D. GOODMAN, Secretary. ! GOLDEN RULE LODGE, NO. 733 F, & A. MASONS —Specias Communication to-day (Sunday), sy Wa. oy ‘is binson, aL ‘Bail Be 3 Oriental Hall, 121 TTOstaS G. NEWMAN, W. M. D. GOODMAN, Secretary. APOLLO COMMANDERY, NO. 1, KNIGHTS TEM- PLAH—Sstated Conclave Tuesday evening, Nov. is Iss, at Bo'clock. Visiting Sir Knizhts are always wel- come. By order of the iminent Commander. ‘HL 8. TIFFANY, Recorder. ST. BERNARD COMMANDERY, NO. 38K. T= sited Concave Wednesday evening, Nov. 17, at 7:30 ey ions at Templar Urder. ‘Visiting Bir are S By order me BVOTOHN D. SL CARR, Commander J.0. DICKERSON, Becorder. : VAN RENBSELAER GRAND LODGE OF PERFEC- SCOTTISH RITE—Regular NON, A. A. 8 Assembly - ‘GOODALE, Grand Secretary. D. A. CASHMAN LODGE. NO. 636, A.F.&4A.M— Regular Communication Tuesday evening, Noy, 16. Important ane interesting yor aweP 7:3) Hall Ee Hiadison an i 2 07 Gk: DUGGLASS, Secretary. a. ASHLAR LODGE. NO. 03, A. PF. & A. M—Regulsr weeting Taesdsy evening, Sov. 36, for business ‘and work. Fraternity cordial | ‘C. H. CRANE, Secretary. ORIENTAL LODGE, XO, 33, A. F. AND A. M.—Reg- alar communication Fridayevening, Nov 1s, By order. } Wil, GARDNER, W-M CHARLES CATLIN, Secretary. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1690. Orricens in Sur army or navy who have influence at the Department, and so are able to get good assignments, are known as ‘ Co- burgers ” in the slang of the service. “‘ They ' are¥? according to the definition of an East- “‘érn contemporary, “supposed to resemble the Royal House of Coburg, now governing England, in this, that they have the first chance atalithe good things going.” Co- burgers never go to the North Pole or get orders for the Plains. But when a vacancy like that in the. Weather Bureau occurs swarms of hungry Coburgers infest Wash- ington and claim it. Itisasource of great |. satisfaction to many people that there are so few Coburgers in this country Tene is no serious conflict between our Government and that of Germany in regard to the status of naturalized citizens of German extraction returning to their native land for a temporary residence. Natives of Alsace and Lorraine are not technically included in the terms of the international treaty, as they were not subjects of the Empire when that instrument was adopted. But it nas been agreed that persons born in those provinces who came to the United States before the Franco-German war, when the change of territory was made, shall. not be liable to German interference when they return home; ard those who have become citizens of the Tnited States since 1870 will be protected by passports, which will be recognized by the German Government, until some new treaty arrangements can be made. Trerz Is good reason to believe that John A. Kasson, at present Minister to Austria, will be supported for the Speakership of the next House by substantially the whole Northwestern vote. The West has not hada Speaker (except for the short service of Mr. Kerr) since Schuyler Colfax filled that place, now more than twelve yearsago. Mr. Frye is well qualified for the office, but he is not more sothan Mr, Kasson; and Maine has already been sufficiently honored in the Speaker's chair by Mr. Blaine. Besides, it is understood that Mr. Frye is an active candi- date for the Senate, and docs not aspire to the Speakership. No better man than Mr. Kasson can be thought of in the West; and if he should have a solid support‘ from lowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, and Kansas, he would probably be elected. Jupce Davis has held the man Philp on the charge of criminal libel. This does not necessarily imply that Philp was the forger. asto which there is conflicting testimony, but Philp’s trial may devglop the authorship of the Morey letter. The opinion given by Judge Davis in committing Philo for trial is @ powerful ‘arraignment of all parties whd were ia any way connected with this dis- graceful piece of business. He treats the case as a conspiracy to accomplish a National crime, and says plainly that it pointsto the implication of men in high stations. There is not the smallest doubt in the mind of Judge Davis that the letter was forged, and he declares that “upon Mr. Hewitt must rest the Jarger share of the responsibility for the first publication of this base and shameful forgery.” No one can read the summing-up of the evidence with- out coming to the same conclusion. Hewitt was a memlyr of the Democratic National Connnittee.. Vit seems that the forged let- ter wus taket him twice by the publisher of Truth before he made it public, and that it was the positive assurance of Its zenuine- ness which Mr. Hewitt gave that led to its publication. Hewitt gave this assurance in the full knowledge of the influence this let- ter would be likely to exert upon the cani- paign and the injury it would do Ge. Gar- field, and in spite of the glaring evidences of forgery which a thorough examination would have revealed. It looks now as though the case against Philp will be prosecuted with such vigor as to lead to the discovery of the forger and the exposure of those who were accessory to the crime. Axrrenary society in West Virginia has fallen foul of this question: ‘Resolved, That such a cain) just passed through has & ‘upon the people. a ‘The affirmative of the question is so plain a proposition that the young man who took the negative must have been speedily overcome. ‘The campaign “we have just passed through” did havea demoralizing. effect on the people. It was the first campaign in the history of this country in which standers were deliberately manufactured out of whole cloth, and forgeries Known to be such were circulated by gentlemen of some pretensious to respectability. But the campaign was chiefly “demoralizing” upon that section of the people known as the Democratic party, which has been not only demoralized but defeated> and almost destroyed. ~ mign ar we have lemoralizing effect ‘Tre votes of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Illi- nois compare as follows: 1876. Gein. Pennsylvania..... 7 ‘Onio-. 65,080 Illinois 63,404 ‘The two former States still lead Illinois con- siderably. The increase in Pennsvivania is surprising. It saved Garfield in that State. Hancock polled 23,000 more voles in-Pennsyl- vauia than-Hayes did in 1876. But Garfield polled 60,000 more than Hayes, and increased the Republican majority from 17,000 to 37,000. Ohio leads Hlinois by as many votes abso- lutely as she does by inhabitants of all kinds, male and female, young and old, ‘The figures how that the population of Ohio is much more homogencons than that of Llinois, hav- ing amuch smaller proportion of aliens, and also perhaps that the Buckeye boys are more addicted to voting than the citizens of Suck- erdom. _———————— Iron ships are fast going the way of wooden hulls. The ship of the future will be built of steel. The advantage of using this material is that it gives greater strength and buoyancy in proportion to weight than iron. A steel ship ean carry one-fifth more in weight than an iron ship, provided the bulk of the article carried will admit of the difference in loading. ‘The only question to be decided in order to settle definitly the value of steel ships is the probable action of salt water on the material. Some experts believe that the corroding effects of salt on steel will be very rapid; but this is, to a great extent, pure theory, and may be con- tradicted by later experiments, While the English are trying to ascertain the relative merits of metallic ships, American builders are slowly groping out of the primitive styles of wooden hulls, and are still one full stage behind the artisans of the Clyde. Ir has been assumed somewhat hastily by the Cabinet-makers in various parts of the country that there will be an entire change of Administration the 4th of March next. Two members of the present Cabinet will very likely be invited to retain their places. One of these is John Sherman and the other Carl Schurz. Mr. Sherman answers in marly respects to the description of “a great Finance Minister.” He is at least popularly believed to be such an one, and his fellow- citizens in Ohio would be unwilling to have him retire to private life. He would bequite ag unwilling to take this step himself, as he has already announced in a published letter. Fence Gen. Garfield will be obliged to offer him aseat in the new Cabinet or invite a contest tor the Senatorship between him and Gov. Foster, which would be unpleasant for all concerned. The situation of Secretary Schurz is much the same. Gen. Garfield and the Republican party are under. obligations to him. - He is a dizni- fied and able representative of the German wing of the party, without which no Repub- lican candidate could have been elected. He might be offered the position of Minister to Germany, but that would leave his adinira- ble work in the Interior Department to go for nothing, and night not be thought a suf- ficient recognition of the reforms he has al- ready accomplished. So the chances are much in favor of his being retained. There are precedents enough for keeping members of the Cabinet over from one Administration to another, especially when the retiring and the incoming Presidents are in entire harmony ‘ with each other. In fact, until the inauguration of Buchanan, there never was an instance of an entire new Cabinet taking office with a new Presi- dent when both belonged to the saine party. Martin Van Buren, who stood in about the same relation to Andrew Jackson, in a per- sonal way, that Gen. Garfield does to Mr. Hayes, retained nearly the whole Cabinet of his predecessor. Gen. Grant was not at all in sympathy with Mr. Johnson, nor Mr. Vayes, when he was elected, with Gen. Grant, heiice the complete change in those cases was natural and inevitable. But Gen. Garfield does not hold any such position with reference to Mr. Mayes, and it would be rather strange than otherwise if he should refuse all recognition of his indebtedness to the hayes Administration. ‘As rant of the history teading up to the present agitation in Ireland for reform in the land tenure and the. slavery enforced by landlords, we take from Sherlock’s book, published in this city last year and called “ The Case Stated,” some instances of the effect of absentee landlordism. It must be understood that the Government makes a valuation of all lands, fixing the fair rental value per year. The Duke of Devonshire, of England, claims to own $2,550 acres of land in Cork County and 27,483 in Waterford County; the yearly Governmental rental value of which is £54,326, or $171,630. He 1s. a non- resident. The Marquis of Lansdowne is the alicged owner of 120,616 acres in the Coun- ties of Dublin, Kerry, Limerick, Meath, and Wicklow; the Government valuation of these is £51,596, or $157,880 yearly. The Com- missioners of Church Temporalities control 141,839 acres, of a rental yalue of $450,495. The Earl of Leitrim holds 9,535 acres, hav- ing an assessed rentaP.value of 383,310; the Marquis of Conyngham holds 156,973 acres, with an official valuation of $163,220. The 2,973 absentee landlords own 5,720,169 acres of the fand, not “including what they hold in cities, towns, ete. The figures stated as to the official rental value of these lands give an inadequate idea of the actual rent demanded and: exacted from the unfortunate tenants, These range from one and a half to three times the amount at which they are valued by the Government. Multiplying the Governmental valuation by two will give perhaps an aver- age of the actual rent exacted by these ab- sentee cormorants. Thus the actual rent- roll of the Marquis of Lansdowne is £63,172, or $315,760, or twice as great as the Govern- ment valuation. This is in addition to all taxes, which are paid by the impoverished tenants, who are also obliged to manure the lands every year. This same Lansdowne al- Jowed many of his tenants to die of want in 1870, and hundreds inere would have per- ished had it not been for the food. supplied from America. This year, the crop, grown from American seed, has been saved, and the landlord has demanded payment, not only of this year’s rent, but also for last year’s rent. He demiands that out of the American char- ity he be paid the rent of last year, when there was a total failure of the crop. It is this cruel and exacting policy, which amounts to a confiscation of the food on which these tenants must live, that has led to the general refusal to pay any longer rent in excess of, the Governmental valuation. - a eee Tne American Consul at Zurich is afraid that the United States Government will soon have to shut down on the policy of encour- aging immigration. Te says that one-fifth of the population is. now foreign-born; that, If this proportion continues, there .will be 16,000,000 foreign-born citizens in twenty year's; and that the quality of the new immi- gration is not nearly so good as that of the old. He apprehends that the supply of pub- lic Jands will soon be exhausted if the tide continues to flow in as rapidly as it has dur- ing the last few years. The Consul fs an alarmist. ‘fhe assimilation of immigrants has been quite as rapid and complete, except in a few large cities, as could be desired; and the new bloud has improved the American stock wherever it has thoroughly mixed with the native population. As to the public lands, it is a little early tobe concerned about them, so long as railroad companies hold imillions of acres and there are vast terri- tories unoccupied both the South and Far West. But the Consul is right in saying that some regulations should be adopted with a view to improving the quality of the imini- gration. It has always been 3 principle, both with our Government and all civilized coun- tries, that paupers, convicts, and persons In- capable of supporting themselves should be excluded. So far as it is true that any at- tempt is now making by Etirepean Govern- ments to drain off their refuse material into the United States, there is need of watehful- ness and perhaps of some amendment of the laws relating to immigration. Tue Board which is now canvassing the Cook County returns made 2 serious blun- den day before yesterday when It threw out the vote of the Third District of the Four- teen Ward for President. The Judges of election in'that district, not through any malice, but through ignorance, made vu return of 851 votes for Garfield and 185 for Hancock. They should, of course, have re- turned those figures for the Electors, and not for the Presidential candidates. The names of the Electors were entirely omitted, and the Board threw out the vote for President on the ground of irregu- larity. {tf may be said, as an excuse, that it made nochange in the result. That is true, but nevertheless the Canvassing Board has no right to disfranchise 486 per- ‘sons on account of a blunder of the judges of election, where the intention of the voters was so plain asin this case, Jt has been de- cided over and over again that there is no such authority on the part of a Canvassing Board, When it finds such an informality in returns, it is its duty tosend for the judges and have them correct them. In this case 486 persons went to the polls on election-day, spent half that Tuesday there, went through the slow and laborious process of casting their votes, manifested their interest in the election by putting up with all the annoy- ances and inconveniences which voting is apt to bring with it, only to find that their. time has been wasted and their labor throwa- away, through an easily-corrected blunder on thé part of the judges. The precedent is abad one, and should not be allowed to stand. The Canvassing Board should to- morrow inake a point of sending for these judges; and making them correct thelr re- turns. To do otherwise is to put a premium on incompetency and dishonesty, and to put it in the power of future election judges to make false returns which shall change the result and defeat a person who has received a majority of the votes. ——— MAYOR HARRISON'S LATEST. ‘Mayor Uarrison has sent tothis ofice, with a request for its publication in Tur TRIBUNE, an appeal “to the public.” We publish this extraordinary paper, and propose to call at- tention to its misstatements of facts and to its glaring suppression of truth: To tee Public: Now that the excitement grow- ing out of the late election has passed, [feel tht Lowe to the bigh office 1 ill, aud to tho citizens of Chicago, whu have so greatly honored ne, a refutation of the churge iude and repeated by newepupers and others, that at Maskell Hall on Friday Detore the election I uttered incendiary language. A proininent newspaper editorially says: “Mr, Harrison made u speech of u charucter so violently incendiury that any member of his police furce would buve been warranted in tak- ing him to the lockup for gttempung to pro- yoke or cage a Lreuch of the peace. He delib- erutely counseled the mob assembled in the helt to go to the polis early on Tucsd.ty und there to defy the uuthurity of the United States Super- visors and Murshals, Deputy Sheritfs, und Judges of election, and, in the event of his wholly un- warranted assumption that such officers of the luw would deny then: their rights, to ‘break down the duors, teur down the buildings, take the ballot-boxes, put in their ballots, and run the polls themselves." ” ‘Now this gall wholly and utterly untrue. I did not allude to these oflicers. I spoke extem- poraneously, but, with bere and there a cue or pointer, I can, for several days after a spcech, repeat almost word for word what Ihave said. My attention was called to what 1 hid been charged with’ saying on tho following Sunday, thus enubling mé to recall all had said. On the next day, a3 the quickest mode of giving a con- tridicton to the charge. [ instituted a auit agalust the puper editorinily publishlag it, and, in an ipterview with tho Tones, denied making uny su¢h speech. ‘The people, however, were two much engaged on the day of election to rend the interview. ‘There wus no reporter present at the mecting until just before I closed my remarks, I have since learned that during the evening, ufter the speeches were over, a burty of genticmen mut tweether, and umong them the reporter. One of the gentlemen, us a joke upon a itepublican present, told that Lid mude a flaming speech, und reuitled, 23a part of it, tho words which have been putinto wy mouth. He says he did not think of its getting Into the papers. Tam proud of Chicayo, and proud of the honor her people htve done me. 1 cannot permit them to think me so forgetful of my position as to use such linguage. Lexpect to live und die bere. 1 do not care for ofice, but Lam ambitious of be- ing thought by any ‘fellow-citizens worthy to hold one, ‘The uudience at Maskell Hall was a most re- spectable one, and many uf them bave voluata- rily come to inc with tssurances that I did not use a word which would be objected to by the most conservative citizen, except us herein- ufter stated; uor did I once Intimate to the au- dience that such officers would attempt to deny them their rights. 1 suid nothing about breaking: down doors, teuring duwn bullduurs, taking the vallot-boxes, or ruaning the polls themselves. I used nu language whicn could possi- bly be torturcd into any such- meaning, or Into a suggestion resembling it, 1 condemned the partisanship which denied to the Democrats a futr shure of the Deputy Clerks, Deputy Sheritfs, and Marshals. I spoke of the injustice of the County Board io giving to some wards so few polling-pinces that in ome precincts it would be utterly imposerble fur all to get in their ballots, und then said: “* Your ballot is your dearest birthright, On next Tues- day take a holiday: your employers dare not discharge you for doing so; luborers are to-day in greater demund than labor. I gay to you laborers, regurdies3 of party,—whether you be Democrats, Republicans, or Socialists,—give one day to your country: go early to the polls; zet into Jin and hoid your places; go to the window: ‘and gece that your ballots go into the boxes; no oue haga right to Interfere with you.” These were almost the words used, certainly the sense. 1 will name Ald. Peevey. Charles ScDonaid. T. F. Gurney, Thumas Brenan, John Cooke, John McCarthy, and Walter McDonald. _ Canter H. HARRISON. On Saturday morning, Oct. 30, there ap- peared in the Mayor’s Democratic organ, the Chicago Times, a report of what was stated to bea large Democratic meeting at Maskell Vall, at which Mr. Carter I. Harrison, Mayor of Chicago, made arousing speech. In the report of that speech published in that paper the following appeared: ‘We (Carter Burrison) called upon his hearers to go enrly to the polis on next ‘Tuesdiy, and, if the Republican Supervisors, Marshals, Deputy Sberiifs, Judges, chalteagers, or uny ono clze began the bultdozing business on.them or their irfends, and attempted by intimidation or other- wiee to disfranchise them, then to bree s down the doors, teardown the bufiding, take the ballot-bor, ut in their ballot, and run the poll mBdves. Groat and loud cheering.] ‘Wo had no possible doubt that this speech was fairly reported; we.had no reason to suppose that the Chicago Times would forge or permit the publication in its columns of any such language a5 delivered by Mayor Harrison unless the snine had been actually uttered as stated. In copying that speech, we commented on it in such terms as we thought it deserved. This appeared.in THE ‘TrmuNEof Sunday, Oct.3L. No card of de- nial or contradiction of the alleged specch in the Times of Saturday having appeared in that paper on Sunday, THE Tribune of Mon- day morning again called attention to the scandalous and Incendiary language, quot- ing it wholly from what we then had a right to assume was an admittedly fair report. Mr. Harrison had not either in Tue Trre- une or Times contradicted the reported. speech; but he says on Monday, “as the quickest mode of giving a contradiction to the charge,” he instituted a suit for libel against ‘Tae Tripuxs! In.this address to the public, Mr. Mayor Harrison deliberately syppresses all mention of the fust that his alleged speech was first published in the Times on Saturday, and when Tue Tribune copied it into the paper of Sunday it stated that itwas takenirom the Tomes. ‘The material fact of where the report originated the Mayor suppresses, and through- out his whole appeal to the public he indus- triously seeks to Jeave the impression that the report originated In Tare Trrsuxe, and that some of his friends had palmed the speech off on a reporter of this paper. ‘The Mayor knew when he wrote that ** address? that such a statement, made directly or in- ferentially, was false, and, we might add, un- worthy the Executive of the city. Dis institution of a suit against this paper to give a contradiction to the report is another untruthful suggestion. Ue knew that, had he addressed this paper a note at any time on Saturday, Sunday, or Mouday denying having made the speech, that note would have been published. Now, the fact is that never, until the receiptof this card “ to the public,’ written one week after the publication of the speech, has there xppeared any denial over his signa- ture of having made it. We leave the public to judge between the expedition of the “quick” process of a libel suit and the pub- lication Of this card ‘to the public” a week after the publication of the alleged libel. One would think that a libel suit against ‘Tne ‘Trmunxe for copying what originally appeared In another paper was not the “quickest mode” of contradicting the re- port. . The Mayor gives to the publica report from memory of what he thinks he said. This mode of getting his recollections into print is an old trick, and peculiarly characteristic. But even in this revamped speech he departs from the truth, and-repeats statements that have become offensive,’ - He claims that he was appealing for a fair election. He asserts that he was protesting against the injusticé by which the Republic- ans had excluded the Democrats from all participation in the-election. Against this declaration, now repeated by Mr. Harrison for the hundredth fime, we ‘present this agreement, which he peremptorily refused to sign: ak 5 Whereas, It is the desire of all good citizens that the election on Tuesday next, Nev. 2, 158), mas be a fuir and penceful one. and that no contlict of authority may arise between persous acung under ordurs from the undersigned re- spectively, therofore, J, Jesse Hildrup, United States Marshal for the Northern . District of I!li- nois, and 1, Carter_H. Harrison, Mayor of tho City of Chicago, and 1 John Hoffmann, Sheriff of Cook County, hereby order that when tho line of voters is formed at the polls in the respective yoting precincts of the City of Chicago on tho Za duy of November, 1880, tho voters in the line abalt deposit thot’ batiots in the order In which they stand in the liuext the openingef the polls, which order of voting shall continue during the daysond no person shalt be admitted to the line except ut the rear, All persons found In tho line atter baving voted, andall pereons found twice In tho line without buving offered their ballots, shall be ut once removed. ‘This order is binding, and all persons uctingjunder the wuthority of the United States Marshal, the Mayor of tho City of Chicago, or the Sheritf of Cook County shall see that it is enforced. The man who reftised to sign that paper may claim in valn that he was 2 friend of law and order, or even wanted a falr election. We further present against his declarations the following statement of the actual ma- chinery of- the elections: 1, Three judwes of election at each poll, ono a Democrat, and {n the awgregate more than oue-third being Demoorats. 2. ‘T'wo clerks at each poll, oue a Democrat. 3 Two chaliengers at each poll, one 2 Demo- erat. 4. ‘Two United States Supervisors at each poll, one a Dewoerat. - One thousand policemen, regulars and spe- is, all armed, snd “all Democrats.” . Three hundred Sheriff's Deputies, Repub- ticans, who were suppressed by a partisan Dem- ocratio Judge. ‘The. Deputy Sheriffs would never have been appointed had not the Mayor-refused to sign the agreement we have given above, and had he not insisted on making the entire police force “solidly ” Democratic. We hope no one will fail to note Carter Ilarrison’s latest exhibition of himself, nor fail to mark the peculiar suppression of truth which characterizes the document through- out. ee THE IRISH LAND LEAGUE, The contest between the Land League and the land-robbers uf Ireland is not difficult, to understand. The program of the League is very simple, and is proving effectual. 1t is merely a mutual agreement of the crushed tenants that they shall have something more out of their crops than amere pittance, hardly enough to keev body and soul together, and in some instances not enough. ‘Che mem- bers of the Land Ieague pledge each other not to bid against one another for the rent of land, If any of their number is evicted for inability to pay his onerous rent the League agree not to rent his farm at any rate, and to use their influence to persuade all farmers to keep away from it and let it remain idle until the dispossessed tenant is permitted to return to his home and fields. The League object to the landlord’s agent raising the rent whenever he pleases; they insist on some fair and equitable rental value to be fixed by the courts, and protest against evic- tion so long as such fair rent is paid, and: when a tenant gives up his lease he shall be paid for the betterments he has put on the place. Such, inbrief, is the League's program, put forth by the people of treland in behalf of justice and humanity and in self- defense. The League is making a deep impression upon the English people and Government. The English know well enough that the land system of Ireland is an unjustand brutal oppression of the Irish people, that itis an injustice of itself that a handful of English landlords should be allowed to squeeze eighty millions of dollars every year out of the unfortunate Irish people to pay the most extortionate rents for lands that were confiscated from their ancestors, and that they should evict’ and expatri- ate them in famine years for non- payment of impossible rents. When once it is setded that the Government troops must be called in upon every occasion to harvest the crops for these landlords, they will see the fglly and absurdity of the sys- tem, and they will protest against it in such a manner that the Government will have, to listen. It isa victory that will be hailed by millions of Irishmen living in this country, one hundred thousand of whom are in Chi- cago. It will add to their sympathy with the oppressed. It will encourage then in pro- testing against the oppression and in empha- sizing thelr warnings to the English Govern- ment that they are not willing to be taxed any longer to support thelr friends: in 1re- Jand, and to contribute to tha ill-gotten gains of English landlords. It will put an end to wholesale expatrintion of Irishmen, and those who .come here in the future will come as other immigrants do, with ttle money instead of penniless. To- wards such a consummation as this the vic- tory of the Land League is shaping events in Ireland, and if they only follow up their victory with courage, cooldess, and sense, always keeping within the limits of the law, there is hope for Ireland, and deliverance is near at hand. _ THE CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT. It appears to be settled that the amend- ment to theeighth section of the tenth article of the Constitution, changing the time of electing certain county officers, has been adopted.’Thealmost unanimous vote received by the amendment in the State at large has more than compensated for the small number of votes cast in its favor in Cook County. ‘The full scope and meaning of this amend- ment probably were not appreciated at the time the Legislature agreed, a year ago last spring, to submit it to the people, and certainly were not at the tine the elec- tion was held. The substance of the amendment is that, two years hence, a-County Judge, County Clerk, Sher- iff Sand Treasurer are to be elected. The terms of ofhce of the Judge and Clerk have always been fouryears. ‘Those uf the Sheriff and Treasurer have been two, but are now extended to four, commencing with 1862. iad there been no change the terms of office ot County-Judze Loomis, County-Clerk Klokke, and County-Treasurer Johnson would have expiredin November of 1881, and their successors would have then been elect- ed. By this change, however, in the time of election the terms of these three officers are extended one year. The general impression was that the provision hadi no fmme- digte effect; that it simply doubled the terms of future Sheriffs and Treasur- ers, and made them ineligible for Immediate reGlection. It will be seen, however, that the amendment does have present effect, and that it deprives the campaign of 1881 of the greater part of its interest and excitement, leaving to be voted for next fall only judicial officers,—a Probate Judge, Clerk of the Court, ete. By the nmendment the term of office of the Coroner Is also extended to four years, commencing with the person elected in 1884, ‘The explanation of the large vote received for the amendment in the State at large must be found in the fact that it extended the terms of the three chief county oflices, thus enlisting In its support persons having naturally great influence in the counties where they hold office. It ig not impossible that it was this same influ- ence that carried it through the Legislature. It passed the ILousé by avote of 113 to 26,and was adopted by the Senate by a proportion- ately large majority. The onlysingular feat- ure in the case is that the county officers of Cook, whose terms aré also extended by it, should not have bestirred themselves, as did county officers elsewhere, to bring out a larger vote in its favor. Both political par- ties printed their tickets “for” and. against” the amendment, the result being that tens of thousands of ballots went into the box un- scratched, and were, consequently, counted against the proposition, Had the county offi- cers exerted their influence with the Repub- lican Campaign Committee, they might have had the ballots printed with simply ‘“‘for the amendment,” ‘While the voters of this county appear to have been unaware of the meaning of the amendment, it is not probable that there will be any serious dissatisfaction with its adop- tion. While there may on principlo be ob- , jection to the prolongation of the term of any officer, yet it will be generally reparded as wise to take the eloction of Sher- {ff and County Treasurer out of the Presi- dential year. The ticket voted for then is long enough without them, and it is not fm- possible that better men may be selected when the Sheriff, County Treasurer, and County Clerk are the only candidates to be voted for. WHAT HAS BECOMES OF THE MONEY? ‘Phe discovery Is made that at st $200,- 000,000 of the anoney which, according to the coinage, importations, and other receipts, less exportations, ought to be In the country has disappeared from ordinary sight, and much inquiry and speculation ismade as to where this money has gone. The prosperous condition of the country is shown by thefact that the supply of currency is so abundant that the withdrawal of even this largeamount has produced no inconvenience orstringency. 'The banks, and the professional financiers, and the theorists are all at a loss to know where this money has gone. All kinds of suggestions have been made, but there has been no satisfactory explanation. Exactly where this money now is will not, perhaps, | beestablished until some sudden alarm or calamity shall create a demand for currency beyond the present means of supply. ‘The: disappearance of so large a-sum of money as two hundred millions of dollars is not, it seems to us, at all surprising under the present circumstances of the country; on the contrary, it strikes us that such an oceurrence is_but 3 natural result, proceeding from the genera} prosperity, following a pro- tracted term of’ stagnation, want of credit, and suspension of industry. For years pre- ceding the resumption of specie-payments there was a season not only of what might be justly termed “hard times,” but a stringency of great severity. Prices were weakened, money was scarce, investments few and far between, industry crippled, the wage-fund badly exhausted, and a large part of the mechanical labor of the country un- employed or employed on short time and at scant wages. There was no chance for hoarding. Every man or family had imme- diate need for every dollar ot earnings or in- come. Small dealers were obliged to de- posit regularly to meet their obligations, and the small surpluses laid aside were very few. Thnes have changed. The last two years have shown-how wonderful is the capacity of our people to absorb money. ‘The crash and wreck of the sayings ‘banks, and the equal fatality attending the ordinary small depositories, have created a widespread dis- trust. The prosperity of the agricultural people has been great. Farmers, as a gen- eral thing, do not deposit money in banks. Of late years they have improved their sys- tem of dealing, and, instead of having run- ning accounts at the country stores, they now trade for cash. They keep their money at home, and buy what they want when they need it for ready money. In this way they, in the aggregate, hoid.in thelr hands a very great suin of money, which practice has only become possible within the last two years. Country merchants, in Hike manner, have largely changed their practice, and now, sell- ing for cash, are able to buy for cash. They, too, have on hand in their own safes, from time to time, an aggregate of money ‘wholly unprecedented in their business. The same U | squirrels in Kentucky, in emulation ‘of the general rule extends to persons in all classes of life. Men carry more money in their pocketbooks now than they have done be- fore. Where men formerly esrried a dollar they now carry three, five, or ten dollars, aud where men carried five or ten dollars they now carry fifty or one hundred.’ So with families: whenever there is ten or twenty dollars over, it is put away, and addi- tlons are made to it, and thousands of faml- lies wha, under the hard times of nearly ten years, had occasion to spend every cent as fast as they received it, now have a little store of coin or greenbacks laid away waiting for some chance to invest it, or keeping it to meet some payment onan in- yestment alrealy made. The circulation of coin, and especially of gold coin, is a great incentive to hoarding or saving. Gold coin hes been in limited circulation something over a-year, after an absence of twenty years. To persons not accustomed to handling it, the impulse, on obtaining an eagle, or @ double- eagle, or even a half-eagle, to save it, or to reserve it from ordinary expenditure, is nat- ural, and an {immense amount of gold coin has undoubtedly been put away out of sight and use during the last eighteen months of steady employment and liberal wages. What is true in other countries is true in this. In France metallic money is in general use, Every man (except large dealers) devos- its his money with himself. The French, as a population, do not employ banks as custodi- ans of their money. In this way many hun- dreds of millions of dollurs of sliver and gold are out of sight,—hoarded away among the people, to be used when-wanted. To some extent this is true also of the people in Germany. That the return to metallic -money in this country has increased the sum hoarded among our people is unquestionably true, and that to an extent much greater than is generally supposed. We think it is clear where the bulk of the two hundred millions of dollars of our cur- rency, Which seems to have dropped out of sight, has gone. It is in the pocketbooks, the private safes, the bureau-drawers, boxes, and hiding places of the people; as received it nas been put away in small amounts, and now is held by people in cities, towns, vil- Inges, and on farms, and in country stores in suns ranging from ten dollars up to one thousand dollars, the’ owners and holders of this money being those who have not hitherto hoarded any money at all. e ‘The money is in safe hands. It is certainly where it will do the most good; itis, though out of sight, by no means lost; and, though its aggreeate is comparatively large, we may expect if the general prosperity con- tinues that the country will show a capacity for hoarding even much greater amounts of the surplus currenc; ———————— THE MAYOR'S P:CTURE. If Mayor Harrison has a fault, it is that he is just a little vain. Ie fs vain of his wit,— for didn’t he make a speech in Congress about the Mariue Band that set the galleries in a roar2—and of his prowess in arms,—for didu’t he regale a delegation of sharpshoot- ers in front of the Grand Pacific a few months ago with an account of how he shot great Daniel Boone himself 2—and of his oratory,—for hasn’t he delivered an address of welcome to ‘everything that has come in sight of Chicago for the last two years? But he is also vain of his personal appearance; and “this particular wanity,” as Mr. Stig- gins might say, is what has brought him to grief. Now, aman of good carriaze, with a pre- sentable figure well rounded out in the sub- pectoral region, and a handsome face, with the intellectual portion amplified by- just a becoming degree of baldness, naturally wants his picture taken. It was unfortunate for Mr. Harrison that he did not come into the municipal chair in that golden age when the Mayors had their portraits done in oil at the public expense, for then he might -have joined company with Ogden, Morris, Ray- mond, Lloyd, Sherman, Garrett, Curtis, Woodworth, Gurnee, Gray, Milliken, Boone, Dyer, and the great Long John himself, and. 80 looked grimly down from the walls of the Council! Chamber upon the doings of unnuin- b.red Boards of Aldermen from generation to gencration. But the great fire destroyed that valuable collection of framed Magis- trates, and the art-preservative of Mayors’ faces has not since been called upon to deco- rate the rooms of the Municipal Legislature; so the best Mayor of all has had to content himself by distributing card-photographs, with a few of cabinet size for. spe cial: presentation, with autogravh attached. ‘This was indeed a slow and troublesome way of making his visage familiar to the people; but what better could he do? Thocity was not in the habit of striking coins or niedals, or elso his profile might have appeared in low relief upon discs of brass and bronze, or even of silver and fold, He might then have looked like one of the Roman Emperors with f wreath around his head, or like George Washington with an incipidnt pigtail stick- ing down over his coat-collar. .As it was, he might nave had his portrait bust worked into the wall of some hotel, as Mayor Sher- man’s was, or his full-length statue in granit might have served as acaryatid to hold up nothing on the east end of the new Court- House; but none of these devices for immor- tality appear to have occurred to him, and he seemed destined to go through his official life without having a chance to put his true astute newspaper-man into writing his nama in-the wrong place. So the clerk got sued, .and his trial has been the most entertaining of the court proceedings In the last week, He floored his adversary, however, and so the Mayor has got a first-class advertisement iy an artistic way, with a complimentary memoir thrown in, and all without costing hin a single cent. BENEVOLENT RAILROAD. MANAGERS, . We can only look upon the increase of five cents in the Eastern rates on freights, which eftigy in such permanent shape that the fut- ure mothers of the country could point to it and say, “ There, my child, study the features, of Harrison. Ue was a great and good man.” But after a while a providentia way opened out of all his trouble, The silliance, after the fashion of religious newspapers, had a space wholly given over to the mam- mon of unrighteousness, especially a fine-art department on the initial page of its cover, where, fur a consideration, a man might have his portrait printed from an un- doubted engraving on wood. To be sure, most men would about as soon appear ona lager-beer sign astride a barrel as in such a place, but then our Mayor always had a special iking for the outside of reli, papers, and, besides, what other chance was there open to him? So, when the persuasive emissary came around with an offer to put him in, as near the size of life as the page would allow, and with a halo of advertise- ments of pills and velocipedes, the photo- graph was cheerfully handed over, from which the cunning worker in wood could surely execute his cut, with a possibility that the Mayor, would be drawn and executed by the same process. No direct payment for all this was demanded, but there was an in- timation that it would be the proper thing for the. Mayor to buy about 5,000 copies of the paper containing the portrait, which he eoula send to his friends. These, at the usual and reasonable rate, would cost a mat- ter of $250; but the wily Harrison declined tocommit himself until he knew whetier the accompanying biographical notice had been written up in proper style. A brief sutoblographical sketch would have been the thing, but somehow none was written, and when the great illustrated paper came out with a portrait that was true to the life, and a life that was perhaps trite tp the portrait, the Mayor would not receive the 5,000 copies, although an order for that number was ex- hibited, sigtied by his clerk. He said the clerk nad been deceived and misled by the the railroad managers have already agreed upon, as a scheme of benevolence toward St. Louis and the bargemen of the Mississippi River. It may occur to the Chicago shippors . that the advance was made as another step in the direction of exorbitant charges during the winter season, when the railroads are not obliged to endure the affront and injury of competition through the water routes which Nature lias provided during the remainder of the year. But this isa narrow and selfish view of the case, which could hardly infu. ence such large-minded and far-seeing men as railroad managers are conceded ..to ba, The theory we have suggested fs much broader and more liberal. The shipment of grain down the Mississippi River is a grow. ing trade, which the railroads evidently think ought to be encouraged. The facilities for reaching the sea by this route are increasing every year. Tke number of barges is being steadily enlarged, and the jetties at tha mouth of the river are making a port of entry for tha most capacious ocean ves sels, There are inconveniences, delays, and risks in this system of transportation, and if is especially unattractive in itself to the grain shippers of the Northwest, But all these annoyances and embarrassments can beover: come by making the direct shipment to tha Eastern seaports by rail so expensive that the Mississippi outlet will be eagerly sought by grain-growers and dealers who would not naturally avail themselves of that course: ‘The railroad managers may also be actuatea by a charitable feeling for St. Louis and New Orleans,—cities which have not exhibited during the past few years the same vigorous growth and progress that Chicago has re- corded. The railroad managers have proba. bly discovered this fact from a close study of the new census returns, and their heattshave been touched by the gentle voice of sympa thy calling to them for relief. They have it, in their power to discriminate against greedy. and all-absorbing. Chicago by gradually adopting a prohibitory tariff on grain, and thus diverting the transportation business to, the Southern route. Their great, genercus’ natures could not resist an appeal, of ‘this kind. They are so much af-- fected that they have begun to put up their rates even before Inke navigation” closes, 2s 2 notice to the Southern cities that they may expect an unusual increase in. transportation vla the Mississippi this win-. ter. This extraordinary manifestation of: benevolence on the part of the railroad managers may be a surprise to their em-. ployés and patrons, who have never beforé discovered any abnormal development of. that particular trait in their character This surprise will only show, however, how readily the world may misjudge. The ultimate aim of the railroad managers is that the Great West shall send its food’ products for distribution over the face of ; the globe by the lakes during the season of lake navigation and by the Mississippi River during the winter months. When they shall have brought this about the railroads may be sold out under the ham- mer or ripped up for old iron; the stock- holders may go about tearing their hair and lamenting their losses; there may ba seHish and unreasonable people who will. ..-, condemn the poticy that led up to the Sac rifice; but the railroad managers them- selves will haye the sweet consolation of knowing that they have done a benevolent work at the cost of others. COPPS HILL, BOSTON. Lady Jackson’s “ Old Paris ” will retoind | Americans of old Boston, The Westernef who jumps out of his cab at the Tremont House, to be confronted by an old-fashioned pile of gray granit which resembles a prison, and sees oti his right a churchyard a century _ old, and on his left another burial-ground , two centuries old, is aptto have a chill, to feel Jike an animated corpse, and to think the ; Hub a rather-queer old place. The Bosto : nian of an early day was as proud of the little city of three hills as the modern Athe © ‘nian is of the metropolis of New England. . So proud was he of his birthplace and home that, when he gave up the ghost, he was fain to lie where he had lived. Like the Indian who was born on Cape Cod, all along shore, the early Bostonian was buried in Boston . allalong the streets, and there he remains , tothis day. If our Western pilgrim could have “dropped down” in’ Boston one hum * dred and seventy-five years ago he would ‘ have been puzzled to account for the desire of even a citizen of the Hub to have his re- mains laid away In a grave fronting those i streets with such queer and horribly suggest * ive nhmes,—Frog lane, ‘Hogs alley, Blind « Jane, Crooked alley, Cold lane, Paddy’s alley, * Beer lane, Elbow alley, Crab Iane, Moon street, and Sliding alley, But there are the little old churehyards, the sunken mounds, and the leaning slate headstones, and the. - crooked lanes and dark alleys with new and more imposing names, better befitting the * Athens of America,—Tremont, Washington, State, School, and Hanover. If the Western... pilgrim sueceeds in shaking off the corpse like chill which makes his teeth chatter, and: walks down Hanover and up Salem street: he wilt encounter nothing but Inman misery*‘ in_ its most squalid aspects,—tumble-down wooden tenements, blear-eyed . men and ~ women clothed in rags, ant children whose * poor, little, wretched persons disclose only i an inheritance of the filth and consequent" vice of—shall-we say it?—forty generations _ of Christians, And in the midst of the © scene stands Christ’s Church, its tall spire . pointing the way to Heaven, and on the front. - of the tower appears this inscription: i ‘Tho signal lanterns of Pant Itevere, displayed in the steeple uf this church April 18, 1-7 warned the country of the mareh of the Bri : tronps to Lexington and Concord. The chureh-structure Is one hundred and’. fifty yearsold. The Bible, prayer-books, and ;- communion silver now in use there were pre, sented by George the Second in 1738. Its . chime of eight bells is the oldest in Amer-. , iea, having been brought from England Io 1744. It contains the first bust made of + Washington. In it the first Stunday-school - in the United States was organized. From ° its steeple Gen. Gage witnessed the burning of Charlesta‘vn and the battle of Banker Hil, .. To the left of the church, just out of Salem .- street, is * Old Copp’s Hill,"—2 spot repleta with historical interest, and full to the top of the memories of Boston’s worthics. The old”, “burying-ground” is inclosed by a wall of masonry surmounted ‘with an iron fence. The houses about the place are decrepit with age. ‘They remind ope of old men nobbling . along ‘on erntches, quite ready to be em . tombed with the remains of those who occu- pied thetn, In one of them the Massachu-, setts Spy was printed in 1770. In another the first New England shilling was coined: by John Hull. -{2 another, built in 1710, - Sir Henry Vane lived. In another. Maj. Pitcairn died. Here still stands the’ brick manslon-house bequeathed by Dr. Franklin “to his dear sister,” Jane. ; Mecam. It was on Copp’s Hill that the