Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 4, 1880, Page 9

\ THE CHICAGO ‘TRIBU. SUNDAY, JULY 4, 1880—SIXTEEN PAGES. RELIGIOUS. Extracts from Oliver Wen- dell Holmes’ Essay on Jonathan Edwards. The Great New England Theologian in the Light of Modern Thought. Bis Religious and Philosoph- ical Systems—The Total Depravity of Man. Young Children More Hateful than Vipers, and Needing Much to Awaken Them. General Notes—Personals—Sun- day Reveries—Services To-Day. THE LAMP OF GOD. BY THE REV. DWIGRT WILLIAMS. dows fall around us chill and damp, Tee ward the morning land we go, And passes wild we do not know sk pefore us lie; but one bath sent a lamp, ‘A friendly light, To guide us through the night. dg us as we follow, like a star; iret ‘often where our comrades fall . : In gloomy vluces, as they call a Je lend 2 band, and bring them back afar, And from the maze ‘'They.go in pleasant ways. * emere is a city o'er the desert wide, me we as pilgrims seck its rest; | ‘As strangers in this land confess’ ‘a, ‘We journey safely, a8 our. loving guide, With patient band, Leads on o'er rock and sand. Dncounted throngs have hailed the morning ele jow. fely passed the dark defites: And fils the sunshine with its smiles, {Tho lamp of life has gleamed on paths below, ‘Until they trod ‘The gardens of our God. O Word of beauty and of light! “Above their temples in decay Bhine down, until their gods in frantic fight Return no more, And Christ be conqueror. den-winged the Word is flying round arora, a catis of sunbeams kissed; ‘The shadows tee! the midnight mist ‘Fades out, and beauty fills the vault profound. ‘The light is come! And crowns the azure dome, JONATHAN EDWARDS. FROM OLIVER WESDELL HOLMES’ ESSAY IN THE “INTERNATIONAL REVIEW.” _ Of all the scholars and philosophers that America had produced before the beginning of the present century, two only had established a considerable and permanent reputation in the world of European thought,—Benjamin Frank- Jin and Jonathan Edwards, No two individuals could well differ more in temperament, charac- ter, beliefs, and modes of life than did these two men, representing respectively intellect, practi- cal and abstract. Edwards would have called Franklin an infidel, and turned “him over to the uncovenanted mercies, if, indeed, such were ad- mitted in his program of the Divine administra- tion. Franklin would have called Edwards a fanatic, and tried the effect of “ Poor Richard's” common-sense on the major premises of his re- morseless syllogisms. In studying the characteristics of Edwards in his life and writings, we find so much to remind us of Pasoal that, if wa believed jp the doctrine of mctempeychosis, we could almost feel assured that the Catholic had come back to earth in the Calvinist. Both were of a delicate and nervous constitution, habitual invalids. Their features, itis true, have not so much in common. The portrait prefixed to Dwight’s edition ot Edwards’ works shows us a high forehead, a calm, steady eye, a small, rather prim mouth, with something about of the unmated and no longer youthful female. The medallion of Pascal shows a head not large in the dome, but ample in the region of the brow, strongly marked features, a com- manding Homan nose, a square jaw, a question- * {ng mouth, an asserting chin,—a look altogether : not unlike that of the late Rev. James Walker, except for its air of invalidism. Each was re- markable for the precocious development of his observing and reflecting powers. Their spiritual as well as their mental condi- tons were parallel in many respects. Both bad a strong tendency to asceticism. Pascal wore a belt studded with sharp points turned in- wanl, which he pressed against his body when he felt the aggressive movements of temp- tation. He was jealous of uny pleasure derived from the delicacy of bis food, which regarded solely as the means of supporting Life. Edwards did not wear the belt of thorns ina material shape, but he pricked himself with erpetual self-accusations, and showed precise- Jy the same jealousy about the gratification of the palate. He was spared, we may say in pergathesis, the living to sce the republication Boston of his fellow-countryman's, Count Xumford’s, essay “Of the Pleasure of Eating, and of the Means that May Be Employed for In- creasing It." Pascal and Edwards were alike score. Pare in heart and in life, profoundly Penetrated with the awful meaning ot human existence; both filled with 8 sense of their own littleness and sinfulness: both trembling in the presence of God and dwelling much upon His Wrath and its future manifestations; both sin- gularly powerful as controversialists, and alive allover to the gaudia certaminis,—one fighting the Jesuits and the other the Arminians. They Were alike in their retiring and melancholy kind of life. Pascal was a erna poet who didnot care to wearthesinging robes. Asmuch hasbeen claimed for Edwards on the strength of a pas- sage here and there which shows sentiment und imagination. But this was in his youthful says, and the “little white flower” of his diary fades out in his jpolemic treatises, as the “star of Petblenem no longer blossoms when the barsh Indes of grass crowd around it. Pascal's prose 4s-light and elastic everywhere with esprit; much of that of Edwards, thickened as it is with texts from Scriptnre, reminds ué of the unleav- gted bread of the Israelite: holy it may be, but oan, it certainly is. The exquisit wit which so aig ta us in Pascal could not be claimed for hha ted yet he could be satirical in a way to make the gravest person smile,—as in the de- scription of the wonderful animal the traveler ms of as Inhabiting Terra del Fuego, with Toe be laughs his opponents to scorn in bis E patise on the “Freedom of the Will.” Both 2 the same fondness for writing in the form of aphorisms—natural to strong thinkers, who be ike the bunkers whose habit it is to’ sign be ogee ag countious money,—and both tees brief ‘utterances. pce nar EUROS order to get an idea of what the theo! system is of which he wus the great oa Lea aeons we will take up briefly some of ey ne eatures. Tt is bardly necessary” to those of ee main doctrines agree with catechins “my Westininster Assombly’s two eso same doctrines ulmost as- sumed the ct tho "= Contescion gf °f,2, State religion when is not Quaternity. ‘The fourth Peron abstraction, to which he gave sys tice. As Jupiter was governed by yak is governed by Justice. This ence of all other elements in si hel fg Bru demand leat mand 15 infinit, it : falinted. This satisfaction is derived from the inillction of misery on sensitive beings, who, b; the fact of coming into existence under cond’. fons provided or permitted by their Creator, have incurred His wrath and received His curse | thelr Datrimony. Its work, as in the theology Dante, is seen in the construction and per- petal maintenance of an Inferno, which Ed- xands mentions to ears polite and impolite with a Unsparing plainness, emphasis, and fre- sujncy such as would have contented the satir- aa Cowper. Edwards’ theology flowers in eaven, butits Toots, from which it draws its a he i strength, reach down ‘to the deepest .he omnipotence of Justice is needed i By ae for itis dealing, a5 was suid above, with put demands, which nothing short of it could Dee 'to meet. The proof of this is a very sim- mathematical one, and can pe made piain to S more: limited intelligence. ich is the subject of justice, i ypesgure by comparing it with the exchllcnce OF fe neang whose law it violates. As the Being nuinit in perfection, every sin against Him Sefulres tho character of infinit magnitude. sunittice” demands a punishment commen- Paes its intinit dimensions. This is the Cae ae, upon which the eternity of future Punishment is an imperative condition pre- z what ie subject to this infinit Density bebe alan, as Edwards looks at him, is placed in a Trinity, but a an einbodied ame ot jie le, $0 takes ‘preced- -fools and blockheads in the. world, very singular condition. He has innumerable duties and not the smallest right, or the least claim on his Maker. In this dec- trinc Edwards differs from the finer and freer thinker with whom I have compared him. “There is a reciprocal duty between God and man,” is one of Waseal's noblest sayings. No such relation exists for Edwards; and if.2at any tine there seems 2 balunce in favor of the creature, the sovercignty of the Creator is a sponge which wipes out all and costs nothing,— nothing but the misery of a human being; und after all, in the view of thesaints, which must be correct, we are assured by Edwards that it will all be right,\for “the glory of God will in their estimate be of greater cousequence than the welfare of thousands and millions of souls.” Man, since Adam's fall, is born in a state of moral inxbilit a kind of spiritual hemiplegia. He ig competent, a8 we have seen, tocommit un infinit amount of sin, but be cannot of himself perform the least guod action. Iie is hateful to ‘is Maker, ex officio, as a human being. It igmo. wonder that Edwards uses hard words aout’ such a being. This isuspecimen from one of those sermons to which the long-suffering people of Northampton listened for twenty-four years: “You bave never loved God, wito is inflnitiy glorious and lovely; and why then is God under obligations to love you, who are all over de- formed and loathsome us a filthy worm, or rather a bateful viper?” and on the very next page he returns to his epithets and comparisons, paying his respects to his fellow-creatures in ‘the tol- lowing words: “Seeing you thus disregurd so greata God, is it aheinous thing for God to slightyou, a little wretched, despicuble creatur a worn, a mere nothing and less than nothing; vile insect that bas risen up in contempt agaiust the Majesty of Heaven and earth?” We can hardly belp remarking just here that this kind of language will seem to most persons an un- wholesome rhetoric for a preacher to indulge in; not favorable to the sweetness of his own thoughts, and not unlikely to produce irritation insome of his more excitable hearers. But be was led, as it will soon appear, into the use of expressions still more fitted to disturb the fecl- ings of all persons of common sensibility. and especially of the fathers and mothers, who lis- renedto him. Such was Edwards’ estimate of humanity. Hisopinion of the Devil is hardly more respect- ful than that which be entertains of man. “Thougo the Devil is exceedingly crafty and subtle,” he says, “yet be is one gf the greatest as the subtlest of wicked men are.” But tor all he was such a fool. he has played a very important part, Edwards thinks, in the great events of the world's history. He was in‘a dreadful.rage just before the flood. He brought about the peopling of America by lead- ing nen and women there so us to get them out of the way of the Gospel. ‘Thus he wis, uecord- ing to Edwards, the true Pilgrim Father of the Ne World. He himself had scen the Devil pre- vail- against two revivals of roligion in this country. The personal presence of the great enemy of mankind was as real to Edwards as the spectral demons in the woods about Gloucester, which the soldiers fired at but could not hit,were to Cotton Mathor and his reverend corre- spondent. How the specialty of the archfiend differed from Edwards’ “Justice” is not per- fectly clear, except that one executes what the other orders. the Evil Angel finding pleasure in iutlicting torture, and “Justice” attaining the end known to theologians as “satisfaction” in seeing it intlicted. And as Edwards couples his supreme principle with un epithet correspond- ing toa well-known human passion,—speaking of it as “ revenging justi ‘e can have some idea of what “satisfaction” means in the ti of the common saying thnt “ revenge is sweet but the explanation does uot leave the soul’ in seraphie harmony with the music of the spheres or the keynote of its own being. Z The fulltitle of the work on which Edwards’ reputation us a thinker muinly rests is," A care- fut and strict Inquiry into the modern prevail- ing nouions of that Freedom of the Will which is supposed to be essential to moral agency, virtue and vice, reward and punishment, praise and blame.” Edwards thinks it necessary to meet those who object to reasonings like his that they ruo “into nice scholastic distinctions and xbstruse metaphysical subticties, and set these in opposi- tion to common-sense.” But an essay which Robert Hall read and reread with intense inter- est befure he was nine years old must have a good deal in it which comes within the compiss of moderate understandings. The truth is, his argument, unfolded with infinit patience aud admirable ingenuity, is nothing but a careful evolution of the impossibilities involved in the idez of that old scholastic thesis best known in the popular form of the puzzle called in learned books /'ane de Buridan, and in common speech “the ass between two bundles of hay,"'—or, us Leibnitz has it, between two pustures. The ob- ject of Edwards was to prove that such 2 state of equilibrium, supposed by his Arminiun oppo- nents to be necessury to uecount for huinun Yreedom and responsibility, does not and cannot exist. Leibnitz had already denied its possibili- ty without an express act of the Crentor. ‘The reader of this celebrated treatise may well admire the sleuth-hound-like sagacity and te- nacity with which the keen-scented reusoncr follows the devious tracks of his adversaries; yet he can hardly help feeling that a vast num- ber of words have beenexpended in proving over and over aguin. a proposition: which, as put by FS proposi the great logician, is self-eyident. In’fact, Ed- wards has more than once stated his own arru- ment with a contemptuous brevity, as it be felt that he had been Paying out in tarthings what he could easily hand out in the form of u shill- ing. Here is one of his condensed statements: “There is no high degree of retinement und ab- truse speculation in determining that a thing is not before it is, and so cannot be the cause of itself; or that the first act of free choice has not another act of free choice going before that to excite or direct it; or in determining tbat no choice can be made while the mind re- mains in a state of absolute indifference; that preference and equilibrium never coexist; and that therefore no choice is made in 2 state of liberty consisting in indifference; and that so far 2s the Will is determined by motives, ex- hibiting and operating previous to the uct of the Will, sv far it is not determined by the act of the Wiulitself; that nothitg cun begin to be, which before was not, without 2 cause, or some ante- cedent ground or reason why it then begins to be; that effects depend on their causes, and ure connected with them; that virtue is not the worse, nor sin the better, for the strength of in- clination with which it is practiced, and the difl culty which thence arises of doing otherwise; that when ft is already infallibly known that the thing will be, it is not contingent whether it will ever be or no; or that it can be truly said, not- withstanding, that it is not necessary it should be, but it eituer may be, or may not be.” ‘This subject of the freedom of the will is one whick we can hardly touch without becoming absorbed in its contemplation. We are all ex- perts in the matter of volition. We may have rend much or little; we may have made it a special subject of thouzbt or not; each of us has ut any rate been using his will during every waking hour of his life, and must bave some practical acquaintance with Its working within im. . : ‘The drift of Edwards’ argument is to show that, though we are free to toilow our will, we are not free to form an act of volition, but that this of necessity obeys the strongest motive. As the natural n—that is, every man since the full of Adam—is corrupt in all bis tendencies, it follows that his motives, and consequently his moral votitions, are all evil until changed by grace, Which is a free gift to such as are elected from eternity according to God's good picasure. “The doctrine of a self-determining will as the ground of all moral good and evil tends to pre- Yent any proper exogcises of fuith In God and Christ in the atfair of our salvation, as it tends to prevent ali dependence upon them.” In spite of any general assertions of Edwards to the contrary, we find our wills tied up hand and foot in the logical propositions which ho knots inextricably about them; and yet, when we lay down the book, we feel as if there was something Icft free after~ all. We can- not help saying, E pur si muove. We are disposed to sécttle the matter as magisterially as Dr, Johnson did. “Sir,” said ne, * we know our will is free, and Uvre's an end ee Not so certainty do we know this, perhaps, as the great dogmatist aflirms. “A wooden top,” suys Hobbes, “that i3 lashed by the boys, and runs about, Sometimes to one wall, sometimes to another, sometimes spinning, sometimes hitting men on the shins, if it were sensible of itsown motion would think it proceeded from its own will, unless itfelt. what lashed it. And isa man any wiser when he runs to one place fora benefice, to another fora bargain, and troubles the world with writing errors and requiring answers, because he thinks he does it without other cause than his own will, and seeth not what are the lasbings that cause that will?” And in the same way Leibnitz speaks of the magnetic needle: if it took pleusure in turning to the north, it would suppose itsclf to be acting independently, not knowing anything of the magnetic currents. ‘The more we study the will in the way of anal- ysis the more strictly does it appeur to be deter- mined by the infinitly varied conditions of the individual At the bottom of all these lies the moral *“personal equation” of eack human be- ing. Suppose sin were always literally red,—as it is in the figurative expressions, “though your sins be as seurlet,” * though they be red ‘like erimson,”—in that case it is very certain thut many persons would be unable to distinguish sin trom virtue, if we suppose Virtue to bave a color also, and that color to begreen. There is gvod reason to believe thxt certain persons are born more or less. completely blind to moral distinctions as others are born color-blind. Many examples of this kind may be found jn the «Psychologie Naturelle” of M. Prosper Despine, and our own criminal records would furnish. notable instances of such imperfect nature: We are getting to be pedestrinurians #s much as Edwards or Calvin was, only instead of univer- sal corruption of nature derived from Adam we recognize inherited congenital tendencics,— some good. some bad,—for which the subject of them is in no sense responsible. ‘ards manin- tains that, in spite of his doctrine, tirely, perfectly, and unspeakably froma machine. in thit he bas understanding, with a faculty of will, and so is capable of volition and choice; in that his will is guided by-the dictates or views of bis under- Standing; and {in that his external actions and behavior, and in many respects also his thoughts and the exercises of his mind, are subject to bis will.” But all thisonly mystiticd his people, and the practical rural comment was in the well- known satirical saying, m1 Can and you can’t, you shall and you snan’t,” und so forth,—the epigram that stung to death a hundred sermons: bused on the attempt to reconcile slavery toa depraved nature, on the one hand, with freedom tosin and responsibility for what could not be helped, on the other. The “Treatise on Original Sin” deals with that subject in the usual medieval style, As @ specimen of what we may call theological sharp practice, the readermny take tho-following pas- Edwards is arguing against the supposi- tion that the doctrine of original sin implics— _ {That nature must be corrupted by some pos- itive influence,—' something by some means or other Infused into the humun nature; some quality or other, not from the choice of our minds, but like a taint, uncture, or infection. altering the natural. constitution, sacultics, and dispositions of our souls. ‘That sin and evil dis- positions ure implanted in the foetus in the womb,’ Whereas our doctrine neither implies nor infers any such thing. In order to account fora sinful corruption of nature, yea, a total native depravity of the heart of man, there is not the least need of supposing any evil quality infused, implanted, or wrought into the nature of man, by any positive cause or influence what- soever, either from God or the creature; or of supposing that man is conceived and born with ntountain of evil in his heart, such as is any- thing properly positive. I think a Uttie atten- lon to the nature of things will be suli- cient to satisfy any impartial, considerate inquirer that the nbsence of positive good principles, and so the withholding of a speciat ivine iniluence to impart and maintain these good principles—leaving the common natural principles of self-love, natural appetite, ctc., to theinselves, without the goverument of superior Divine principles—will certainly bé followed with the corruption, yea, the toil corruption of the heart, without occasion for uny positive in- fluence at all; and that ft was thus in fact that corruption of nature came on Adum, imme- diately on his fall, and comes on alt his poster- ity, 28 sinning in him, and falling with him.” ‘A chief ground of compliint ugainst Edwards ishisuse of language with reference to the future Gf mankind which: shocks the sensibili- ties of a later generation. There is no need of going into all the plans and machinery of his Tnfcrno, as displayed in his sermons. We can endure much in the medieval verse of Dante which we cannot listen to fn the comparatively raw gnd recent prose of Edwards. Mr. John Moul@y speaks in one of his essays of “the hor- rors of what is perhaps tho most frightful idea that hus ever corroded human chur- neter,—tho idea of eternal —_punish- ment." Edwards bas done his best to burn these horrors into the souls of men... A new or- mnie and a new inorganicchemistry are brought into the laboratory where * the bulk of mankind"? have been conveyed for vivisection or viv yustion. The body is to possess the most ex- uisit sensibilities, ‘is to be ‘auded in every ilbre and particle by the tire, and the fire is to be such that our Hme-kilns and iron-furnaces would be refrigerators in comparison with the mildest of tho torture-chumbers. Here the great majority of imunkind nre to pass the days und nighis, if such terms are applicable to it, of nsicepless eternity. And all u apparatus of torture in full operation for “four thousand yeurs,” none ot its victiins warned of itor Enow- jug anything about it untiltho “good news” came which brought life and immortality to light,—-an immortality of misery to“ the bulk of mankind "! But Edwards can be partially excused for do- ing violence to human feclings. It is better, perhaps, to confess that he was in imitator und a generous borrower than to allow bim the credit of originales at the expense of his better human attributes. Very good men are some- times very forgetful, Something of the mild surprise. which honest old Dr. Jenks experienced when he found the Property. of Mutthow Henry on the person of ‘Thomas Scott may be felt by serupulous indi- viduals at recognizing u urge part of tae awful Innguage, with the use of which Edwards is often reproached, as the property of Thomas Boston, There is no’ mistaking the identity of many of these expressions und imuges. Some besides the Scriptural ones may have been borrowed by both writers from a common source, but there is a considerble number which confess their parentage in the most unequivocal way. The aepument for intinit punishment is the same; the fiery furnace the sume; the hair sus- pending 2 living soul over it the same; reptiles and other odious images belong to both ulilce; infinit duration is described in similar language; the nutural affections no longer exist: tho mother will not pity the daughter in these flames, say's Boston; parents, says Edwards, will sing hallelujahs as they sce thelr children driven into the flames wkere they are to lie * rousting” (Edwards) und ‘trourmg” (Boston) forever, "This last word, it may be remarked, bas an ill sound on the lips of 1 theologian; it looks as if he were getting out of the reach of human sym- athies. It sounds very harshly when Cotton uther says of a poor creature who was acei- dentally burned to death,—being,’ it seems, a little in liquor at the’ time, poor soul!—that she “went roiring out of one fire into znothor.” Such wero some of the beliefs of the ywreat divine ‘who stainped his personality und his doctrines on the New Englund theolozy of the last eentury. The story of his outward life is agshort and meluncholy one. In 127 be was settled at Northampton as the colleague of bis grandfather, the venerable Solomon Stoddard, who died in 1728. Two great revivals of religion huppened during bis ministry, OF both these he has left printed accounts. The work entitled “Thoughts on the Revival of Kelizion in New Englund in 1740" is spoken of as having been, from the time of Its first publication, to a very wide extent the common text-book of ovan- geliciil divines, on the’subject of whicn If treats: “The.svenes desoribed in bis necount reminds one of the religious frenzies which seized upon multitudes in the Middic Ages, Thereure pages which look like the account of an epiaeinic, und passages as startling 03 one may read in Defoe's description, of the Plague ot Lon- don. Faintings, convulsions, utter prostra- tion, trances, visions like those of delirium tremens, were columon ——_oveurrences. Children went home from the religious meetings crying aloud throuzh the streets. Some lost their reason; not cnough, Edwards says, to cause alarm, unless we ure disposed to gathor up ult we can to darken the work and set it forth in frightful colors. But he perhaps goes rather too farin saying so much us this: ‘© cannot determine how great a calamity distraction fs, considered with all its consequences, and wl} that might have been consequent if the distraction had not happened; nor indeed whether, thus considered, it be any calamity at all, or woether it benot a mercy, by preventing some great sin,” ote. One cannot holp questioning Wwhether'a sense of the ludicrous did not relax his features us be wrote this Inst sentence. ‘While the work wis at its hight a poor man, overwhelmed with melancholy, made au attempt to cut bis throat. Then a gentleman of good standing, who bad been grcutly concerned about the state of his soul, but who “durst entertain no hope concerning ‘his own good estate,” suc- cceded in takmy his life in that way. “After this, multitudes in this and othor towus seemed to have it’ strongly. suggested to thom and presaed upon them to do as this person hitd done.” And pious persons, who had no specin! darkness or doubt ubout the goodness of their state, had it urged upon theni as if somebody had spoken to .them, ut your own throat! Now is a zood op yl Now!" With all his powers, his virtues, his eloquence, it must have been more than peuple could do to stand boing culled * vile insects,” * filthy worms,” “ firebrands of Hell,” and other such bard names, But what must have been the fc ing of Northampton mothers when they ri what Edwards said about their darlings! It svemis that there had been complaints ngainst some preachers for frightening poor innocent children, as he says, with talk of hell-fire and eternal damnation. But if those who complain really believe what they profess to, they show, we think, a great deal of weakness'and_ incon- sideration. ‘Then follow the words which tho writer once quoted on a public occasion, which use of them brought him a igtterfrom a much- respected orthodox clergymiun, asking where they could befound. It is not strange that he asked, forhe might have looked in vain for them in the teu-volume edition of Edwards’ works, published uuder the editorshipof hisown predecussor, grandson of Edwards, the Rev. Sereno E. Dwizht, or the Euglish reprint of that edition. But theeditor of the edition of the work on Revivals, published in New York in 1852, did not think it necessary, perhaps honest, to omit the passage, and this is the way it read: As innocent #3 children secm to be-to us, yet, if they are out of Christ, they are not so in God's sight, but are young vipers, and ave intinitly more hateful than vipers. und are in a most miserable condition, as well as grown person: and they are naturally very sensciess and stupid, being born as the wild ass’ cull, and need much to awaken them.” Is it possible that Edwards read the text mothers love so well, “Suifer little vipers to come unto me, and forbid them not, for of such is the Kingdom of God"? The truth fs, Edwards belonged in Scotland, to which he owed so much, and not toNew England. ‘And tho best thing that could have happened, if it had bappened early enough, both for him and for his people, was what did happen after a few years of residence at Stockbridge, where ho went after leaving Northampton,—noamely, his transfer to the Presidency of the college at Princeton, N. J., where the Scotch theological thistle hus always tlourished, native or imported, —a stately flower at present, with fewer prickles and livelier bloom than in the days of ‘Thomas Boston, the Ettrick shepherd of oid. Here he died before assuming the duties of his office; died in fuith and hope,—hope for himself, at any rate, perhaps, as we shall see, with less despuir- ing views for the future ot his fellow-creatures than his printed works have shown us. bs in the light of to-day, ree barbaric, mechanical, ma- terialistic, pessimistic. Lf he had lived 100 years later, and bre.thed the air of freedom, he could not have written with such old-world barbarism_us we tind in his yolcanie ser- mons. We can realize in our day the truth of — Montesquieu’s _say- ing, “If the punishments of the Orientals borrity humanity, the reason is that the despot who ordains them is above alllaws. It is not so in republics, wherein the laws ure always mild, because he who makes them .is himself a sub- ject.” We cannot have self-government and humane Jaws without ita reacting on our view of the Divine auministration. It was not so strange that Thomus Boston. from whose livid pages Edwards derived much of his inspiration, ghould put bis hearers on the rack of his de- braved imagination, for he could remember'the jays wheu torture was used in Scotland to ex tract evidence. He n huve heard the story his nursery—for he wus a boy 6 years old at the time—how they had been applying the thumb-screws for an hour anda half to Priucipul William Carstairs, at Holyrood Palace, under the direction uf the Privy Council. ‘There is reason to fear that Edwards bas not been fucly dealt withiuall respects. We huve seen that jn one instance expre=sious, which it was probably thought would give offense, were omitted by his cditor. A far more important matter remains to be cleared up. ‘The writer is informed on unquestionable authority that there is or was in existence « mant,script of Ed- wards in which his views appeur to huve under- ne a great change in the direction of Aria i or of Sabeliianism, which .is an old-fash: joned Unitarianism, or at any rate show a de- fection from his former standard of orthodoxy, and which its custodians, thinking it best to be wise as serpents in order that they might con- tinue harmless as doves, have considered it their duty to withhold from the public. If any of our friends at Andover can inform us what are the facts about this manuscript, such informa- tion would be gratefully received by many in- quiters, who would be rejoiced to know that so able and so good x man lived to be emancipated from the worse than heathen conceptions which had so long enchained his powerful but crippled understanding. ‘ ‘The fact that, while Edwards’ name is used as a. war-ery, and inscribed on the Inbarum of the old bow-and-arrow controversialists, his works are neglected, his doctrines cither passed over in silence or repudiated, shows that his great powers were under some misguiding intluence. The truth isthat the whole system of beliefs which came in with the story of the ‘fail of man,” the curse of the father of the race con- yeyed by natural consent to. his posterity, the custing of the responsibility-of death and all tho disorders of . creation upon the unfortunate being who found thema part of the arrange- ments of the universe when he first made bis appearance, is gently fading out of enlightened intelligence, and we wre _bardly in » condition to reulize whut a tyranny it, once. exerted over the Strongest minds. We xo longer pretend to hold our primeval ancestor, whoever ho may have been, responti ble for the entrance of death into the world, for the teeth of the carnivora, for tho venom of the snuke, for the battles of the mega- therium, the maladies of the ichtbyosaurus, the indispositions of the pterodactyl, the extinction of the strange creatures that left their foot- printson the shore of the Connecticut, where we haye been finding the tracks’ of a tossil theology not less monstrous thin its pre- decessors in the material world. Astronomy. geology, ethnology, and the comparative study Sf Oriental religions have opened the way; and now mithropolozy has taken hold of the matter, and, leaving aside all those questions which by: Searching no mun can find out, must deal with the problem which Asiatic tradition and its in- terpreters have failed tusolve. But in the mean- time mauy lessons are to be learned from the careful study of 4 man, who, 4s Mr. Bancroft says, “sims up the old theology of New Eu- flanu and is the fountain-heed of the new.” Whut better comment can be eon his mis- directed powers than hisown. “wrk: “A per- son may haven strong, er od yet not a good reason, He may ase gth of mind to drive an argument and +: » we even bal- unees "2? As we picture the scene: iescribed, the Divine ingenuity fitting wwe hedy and soul for the extremity of suffering, sud providing new physical and chemical laws to curry torture be- Sond our power of imagination, friends looking on pleased, parents rejoicing und singing halle lujuhs as they see their children *turi away and beginning to enter into the great furnace” where they ure to‘ roast” forever, all natural affections utterly gone,—can we find auywhere a more striking illustration of his own words? He is speaking of the sel{-torturing worship of the heathen: ‘How powerful must be the delusions of thehuman mind, and how strong the tendency of tho beart to carry them such a length and so to overcomo the tenderest feelings of human nature!” 'Yhere is no sufficient reason for attacking the motives of 2 man so saintly in life, so holy in as- pirutions, so patient, 80 meek, so laborious, so thoroughly in earnest in the Work to which ‘bis lite was given. But after long smothering in the sulphurous atmosphere of his thought one cannot help asking, Wits this or anything like this—is this or anything, like this—the accepted belief of any considerable part of Protestantism? If so, we must say with Baoon, “It were better to bave no opinion of God at ull than such au opinion us is unworthy of Him.” A “natural man’ is better than an unnatural theologian. It is a less violence to our nature to deify pro- toplasn than it is to diubolize the Deity. The practical effect of Edwards’ teachings about the relations of God and man hus be- queathed «# lesson not to! be forgotten. A re- vival in which the majority of the converts fell away; nervous disorders af all sorts, insanity, suicide, among the rewards of his cloquence: Religion dressed_up in tine phrases und made much of, while Morality, ber Poor Relation, was getting hard treatment at tho hands of the foung persons who had {grown up under the mes pulpit; rein of terror of the alienation of the hearts of. wople to suck an extent us is rarely seen in the bitterest quarrels between pastor and flock,-yif this was a success- ful ministry, what disasters would constitute a failure? " H “Never,” says Prof. Fisher, “was there a louder cull for the utmost: candor and fairness in dealing with the dithiculties and objections of inquiring minds, whose perplexities find little reliet inmuch of the current and traditional teaching.” ; ‘At the bottom of these difficulties lies the doc- trinc of the *failof man."} Does not the pre: ent state of our knowledge compel us to con- sider tho narrative on whichthis is based as a disproved, or at the best ai unproved story, and to consign it with the cohering doctrine of sin and all other inferences dependent upon it, to the nebulousrealm of Asiatic fezends, the ve- hicles of many different retigions, eavh with its mingled truths and errors? ‘The change of opin- on is coming quite. rapidly:enough: we sbould hardly dare to print our doubts and questions if we did not know that they will bo read by: few; made light of by some of. these, summarily answered and dismissed by others, and have no apparent immediate effecton the great mass of beliefs. For what we want in the religious and in the political organisms is just that kind ot vital change which tukes place in our bodies,— interstitial disintegration, and reintegration; and one of the legitimate fears of our time is that science, which Sainte-Beuve would have us think hus destroyed faith, will be too rapid in its action on belicfs. So the doubter should be gind that he isdoubted; the rationalist respect the dogmatist; and all the mighty explosives with with which the growth of knowledge has fur- nished us should be used rather to clear the path for those who come after us than to shatter the roofs which have long protected and still pro- tect so many of our humble and trusting fellow- creatures, A RANK OFFENSE. WHY WORSHIPERS AT THE BROOKLYN TABER- NACLE WERE ASKED TO TAKE A BACK SEAT. New York Tribune, June 23. “ What docs tho Tribune think of Mr. Talmage and the revival at the Tabernacle?” asked a street preacher, known 23 Dr. Kenyon, of a Tribune reporter yesterday. “Why?” was the reply. “1 took the poor men from the street vilely appareled into the Tabernacle, and they wero turned out two Sundays ago,” said Dr. Kenyon. ** Harrison, the revival preacher, was holding the meeting. He asked, ‘Are they sailors?’ I said ‘I do not know what they are, but they want Christ.” They were seated, flve together, but svon after Maj. Corwin came and turned them out, and J thea left the church as a protest.” A meeting was held at Cumberland Chapel, in Cumberland street, Brooklyn, yesterday after- noon to discuss the question, * Has » Church the Right to Turn from. Its Doors Outcasts, How- ever Vilely Appareled, if Their Behavior Is Good?” Apparently it was to bring this case be- fore the public. Dr. Kenyon repeated the state- ment he had made to the reporter, and the Rev. Dr. Kimball, of Brooklyn, corroborated the story. conference was held,” said he, “and the men were deliberately filed out. The Taber- nacle was not overtlowing, nor were thoy in co! tact with others. I was astonisked, and am yet.” Dr. Kenyon said furthsr: “The greatest difi- culty 1 have is to tind refuge for the outcasts. Not achurch in Brooklyn and only one in New York will open its doors to them, ‘The missions are now as respectable as the mother churches. The rustle of silks is heard there, and they arc above receiving outcasts. I wrote to Dr. Tal- mage about this mutter, but as he bas not answered, | must hold him a-ah particeps crimi- ‘nis in this atrocious affuir.”” After discussing the matter further and pray- ing for the ‘Taberuacie, the persons at the meect> ing adjourned, without accomplishing anything apparently. ‘Maj. B. R. Corwin was found at his house later, and was asked about this matter, “don't know,” he said, “ that I really ought to suy anything about it. Idon't know whether or not you are g Christian, but your appearance indicates that at least you respect Christianity.” “All right,” said the reporter. “Any poor man,” continued Maj. Corwin, who is cleanly, can get the best seat that is left in the church at any time. But this man brought in ten as filthy men us I ever suw inside or outside any building. Several persons near them asked’ to have their seats changed, as tho smell: wag intolerable. These men were then shown to seats in the corridor, where others were. and where they could hear well without contaminating gny one cise. Kenyon did not sit within forty feet of his flock. Why did he not shepherd them? He had better tnken them to » pump first if they wante Christ? We shall always preserve order and prosperity as long as we live in this church; Kenyon’s act wus an outrage and an fnsult, and if he ever brings in such a squad again I" will have him arrested; but I will treat his people well. Dr. Talmage is ‘particeps criminis’ to this extent, that he wants all improper elements re- moved from the church. Each of the men said he was to get a dinner and 5 cents for som ne over to the church. There have beon ag many attempts to break up onr meetings. if these men had staid there would have beca a stampede of the others present.” Dr. Tucker, the Treasurer of the Tabernacle, was present, and said that as a physician he knew the sanitary requirements of the case,and that Maj. Corwin only did his duty, GARFIELD’S RELIGION. A BRIEF STATEMENT OF THE CREED OF THE CAMPBELLITE CHUECH. ‘To the Editor of the Boston Herald. Worcester, Mass., June 24.~I see in your pa- per and others many allusions to the Church of which the’coming President isa member. From some of those references one might infer that he is a member of a small sect whose orthodoxy is questionubie; which, if true, would be are- flection upon his judgment in reference to this most important of all questions. That no un- favorable impressions may arise, a brief state- ment of that denomination’s views and statis- tics is here given. Believing that sects are con- trary to the prayer of the Savior (John, xvil., 21) and apostolic teaching (I.Cor., ili., 1-4), they a vocate Christian union. To this end they would restore the teaching and practice of the Apos- tes, discarding nll religious observances born since the daysof inspiration. They acceptas a nume only those divinely given, such as “Christiau,” “Church of Christ,” ete. (Acts, ‘Xi., 98: Ro., xvi., 16.) They believe the Scriptures ure infutlibly right, and contain all and no more than is necessary to salvation. (.Tim., ill., 16), andhence they refuse to adopt uny human ereed or confession of faith. They believe that the old covenant, of which the law was the exponent, ended’ at the cross, and the church, or spiritual reign, began with the baptism of the disciples in the Holy Spirit on Pentecost (Acts ii., 1-4). .That “Jesus is the Christ,” is the foundation of the Church (Matt. xvi., 16), and, to convince men of this, they preach the Gospel (I. Cor. xv., 1-4), believing that faith comes by hearing (Ro. x., 17), and not through any mystic intiuence engendered by mourners’ benches or in answer to prayer. Re- pentance is wchango of will produced by mo- tives, and ends in reformation (II. Cor, $1) andas asufficient index to saving faith and genuine repentance one confession only is re- quired—viz., * that Jesus is the Christ, the son of the living God" (Matt. xvi., 16; Acts viil., 35- 38: Ro., x., 10). Every one thus confessing Christ is immersed, and then enjoys remissiou of gins (Acts, il,, 38; xxii., 16) and the bope of eternal life which will be realized through a life of prayer- ful obedlence (Rev. xxii., 14). They donot be- lieve in infant baptism as an ordinance, because it isnot commanded, nor do they think it ex- edient, for it contravenes believers’ baptism. ‘aptized believers ure organized into congrega- tions by the ordination of Elders, called also Bish- ons, and Deacons, whose control extends ouly to single churches. Preaching isdone by evangelists sent out by the congresntions. Such, in briet, aro the views upon whieh this people are labor- jug to unite the religions world; and so success- ful has been their effort that in a few years past nearly, 1,000,000 communicants huve been gathered together from the world and from the various denominations. Courches and missions have been established in the United States West Indies, Mexico, the Provinces, England, France, Denmark, Turkey, and the islands of thesea. They have some twonty-tive colleges and institutions of learning of a high order; their current religious publications abound in this country, in England and Australia, and their influence is rapidly extending in‘ every direction. ‘These things are not mentioned as infallible evidence of the correctness of their principles. but to show that Gen. Garfield has broad and comprehensive views of religion, looking to the unity of God’s people and the encouragement of pure living in our Nation. ‘To these convii tions his life nas ever been true, which assures us, should he be elected, that the name of God will be reverenced, and the life of Christ imi- tated even in the Capital. . T. W. CorrincHAM. GENERAL NOTES. The Quakers in Great Britain now number, all told, 14,892 members. One of the Jewish synagogs in New York re- cently celebrated its 150th anniversary. Workmen are renewing the fobndations of the south tower of the Cologne Cathedral, while others are engaged in putting the finishing touches to its surnmit, It has been decided by the English and Ameri- can brauvhes of the Bible Revision Committee to print the revised edition ot the Bible in paragraphs according to tho sense, rather than iu chapters and verses as is now aone, and also to print the poetic purts iu poetic measure. ‘We second the motion of the Christian Register. The Fourth of July will come on Sunday. Let sixty thougund pulpits get ready to thunder nguinst the infernal lie that “all is fuir in poli- tics,"—a maxim which i3 corrupting the people and degrading the Republic.—New Covenant. A monument will be erected to Pius CX. with- in St. Peter’s Church. It will be a work of art, like those made by Michael Angelo, Canova, 'Thorwaldsen, and Tenerani in honor of the other Pontitfz. Artists of all nations may com- ete for the order, and it is thought that the jong Pontiticate of Pius LX. would afford good subjects for the monument. ‘The scholars of the Propaganda recently went to the Vatican and uddressed Leo XI. in forty- nine languages. A Chaldean said » poem that “the Pontiffs were chosen by God and prepared by Him to suit the wants of their times.” The address of 1 young neero, probably from the United Stutes, was remarked. It was the Tower of Bubel at the feet of the Pope, who had the unique satisfaction of hearing his own praises in many unknown languages. ‘The statistics of the Congregational Church in Mlinois will show tor its lust year not a gain, but a loss, in membership of 753. Fewer were udded ou profession of fai A h thag in the former years -B17, and by letter 179. The Chicago Associa-_ woo 108e8 ‘8 trom. ts” torar ‘membership. in bénevolent contributions the amount is not fur Trom $69,000, as against $55,000 in the previous “year. ‘The home expeuditures are less than ‘those of the former year by nearly $100,000. A very valuable librury of Methodist books has just reached the Drew Theological Seminary from Englend. 1t consists of'the entire collec- tion of Methodist books gathered by the Rev. Dr. George Osborn, author of “Bibliography of Methodism,” of Richmond, near London. All the works relute to the history of Methodism, either directly or remotely, and many of them haye long been out of the. market. and are tho only copies existing. The copious catalog which aceompanies the books contains minute de- scriptions of them. In point of population Chicago outstrips all her would-be competitors, but she cannot boast of the largest church organizations or the largest Sunday-schools in the land. Mr. Talmage's eburch in Brooklyn has a membership inore than double thut of ‘any church in Chicago. Mr. Wannamaker, of Philadelpnia, bas a Sunday- school of 2,500 members, and even the Town of St. Louis has a mission-school ot 2,000 children. Probably the largest school in Chicago is Mr. Moody's, which his had the past six months an average attendance of 1,337. Itis a curious circumstance that the Arch- bishops of Cunterbury huve not for centuries hada residence in their own diocese. Pulaces they formerly possessed there were either alien- ated from the See or suffered in troublous times to fall into decay. Early in the lust century there was a habitable palice at Croydon, in Sur- rey, but in 1780 it had been disused for twenty years and fallen into decay. Archbishop Man- ners-Sutton then got an act passed permitting: him to sell it, with other land3, and buy Adding- ton, 0 charming estate fourteen miles from Lon- don. The London Tablet (Roman Catholic), review- ing the evidence laid before the Ecclesiustical Commission appointed by Archbishop McHele, of Tuam, to examine into the apparitions al- leged to have taken place at Knock, in Ireland, and the miraculous cures xverred to have fol- lowed, srys: * We must, of course, reserve our judgment until ecclesiastical authority has pro- nounced upon the ebaracter of the phenomena, but it is difficult to resist the force of the depo- sitions; and, while the apparitions appear to be weil attested, there cannot be a doubt that re- markable cures have been obtained.” In the Empire of Japan the Russian Church carries on an active missionary work :with a success that bas left Roman Catholic and Prot- estant missioburies far behind. This propa~ gaudism bus been in active operation only ten years, and already inJapua there are 6,000 ortho- dox Greek Christians who have proved them- selves to be thorourhly genuine converts. The work is under the superintendence of the ven- erable missionary, Bishop Nicholas Kussatkine, Who hus under hin six priests and about eighty non-conseerated Japuuese preachers. ‘The re- sources of the Russian missign, notwithstanding its great success, are considdrably more meugre than in the case of either Roman Catholics or Protestants, the: former of whom huve threo Bishops, thirty-three European priests, and thir- teen Sisters of Charity, and the latter 150 mis- sionaries. ‘Tho first Federate (Episcopal) Council of Tlli- nois was held in the Cathedral ‘Tuesday last. ‘There were present Bishops McLaren, Burgess, and Seymour, and a number of prominent eburch-men. lay and clerical. Bishop Burgess was elected Chairman. A committee of nine ap- pointed to draw upa platform containing the powers proposed to be exercised, to be presented Fe the next General Convention, reported that the following were deemed advisable: (I) the organization of an Appellate Court; (2) the care and charge of educational and charitable insti tutions; (3) the charge and conduct of cbhurc extension; (4) the acceptance and administration of all funds given or intrusted to it; @ legislation upon subjects * of common interest to the dioceses of tho State. On ynotion of Chancellor Judd, the General Assem- bly was requested to enact the bill presented at fos last session concerning religious corpora- tions and the tenure of church property. The Council thereupon adjourned, subject to the cuil of the President. CHURCH DEDICATION AT ENGLEWOOD. ‘The dedication of St. Ann’s Catholic Church, situated at the corner of Pavilion parkway and Woutworth avenue, in the Town of Lake, will take place at 10:45 a. m. to-day. The ceremony, which is very impressive, will be conducted by a procession of priests headed by the Adminis- trator of the Diocese, the Rev. Dr. McMullen, who will inspect and dedicate the church. Solomn high mass will be performed by the Re Joseph P. Roles, of St. Mary’sChurch of Chicago, assisted by the Rev. P. W. Riordan as Deacon, and the Rev. P. J. Butler as Sub-Deacon. The Rev. E.J. Dunne, of All Saints’ Church, Chi- cago, will act a3-Master of Ceremonies, and will have in attendance a trained choir of boys from his own church. The sermon wit! be delivered by the Rev. D. J. Riordan, Chancellor of the Dio- othe church is a very handsome edifice, which has been erected within the last two years by the untiring efforts of its pastor, the Rev. P. M. Flannigan. The entire cost of the church, in- cluding the steeple (which is not finished a3 yeu), will be $30,000. And it is a substantial and well- puilt edifice and an ornament to the locality. PERSONALS. =the Rev. J. W. Craig was installed as Assistant Rector of the Church of the Ascension, New York, on Sunday last. Bishop Coxe preached the sermon, and the Revs. Smith, G. Ss. Baker, and others assisted in the services. ‘The Rev. Clarence Eddy has tendered bis resig- natian as pastor of the Westminster Church, ‘Troy, N. ¥- Prof. R. H. Mather, of Amherst College, is temporarily preaching in the Beneficent Church, Providence. The Rev. J. R. Herrick, D.D., of Hartford, has accepted the Presidency of the Pacific Univer- sity, in Oregon. The Kev. Dr. inskip, wife, and a party of friends are going on a missionary tour of evan- gelization around the world. The Rey. Dr.-Rexford has'accepted the call from the Universalist Church of Detroit, and will begin his labors there Sept. 1. The Rev. J. H. Ritchey declines the invitation to continucas acting pastor of the Church of Canton, Ml.. in orderto accepta calito Inde- pendence, in. the Kev. Hanry J. Van Dyke, Jr. (son of Dr. Van Dyke. of Brooklyn), has been very sick with typhoid fever wt Newport, R. L, where be is pastor, but is now convalescent. Bishop "Coxe, of New York, belioves that perilous times are coming upon the Republic, and thinks the only safety lies in recognizing Protestant Christianity in the Constitution. Mrs, John C.Green bas added to her other splendid gifts $1,000,000 to the American Sundny- School Union, for the special. purpose of foster- ing a higher order of Sunday-school literature. The Kev. Herrick Johnson, pastor ot the Fourth Presbyterian Chureb, has consented. to deliver « course of lectures on homiletics before the students of the Presbyterian Theological Seminary of the Northwest. Mr. Cyrus H. Me- Gorm ck hus kindly consented to defray the ex- penses. The Rev. Thomas S. Williamson, M. D., was the first misslouary appointed to the Sioux In- dians, and he continued iu various and impor- tant Indian labors from 1835 untilhe entered into rest,in June, 1879, in the Vth year of his age. His later years were chletly spent in trans- {ating the Scriptures into the Dakota language. The French orator, Father Didon, who fell un- der the displexsure of the Vatican and was called to Rome on account of his really evungel- icul preaching, bas been sent to Corsicu. He is condemned to an indetinit exile im the Convent of Corbara, where his eloquent voice: will pe lenced and his liberal ideas will have no in- uence The Rev. Sumner Latham was engaged at $300 a rear as pastor of the BaptistChurch at East Ware, H., but # majority of the members were not willing to pay him even that meagre salary, and it was voted to dismiss him. He intends to sue for the $300 atthe erd of the yeur, and there- fore propures, every week, two sermons, which he caries to the church on Sunday to deliver, but diways tinds the door locked against him. Francis Newman's history up to a certain point is identicai with that of his brother. Both when young men at Oxford were earnest Christians, and looked to the Anglican Church as the best development of Christixnity. John Henry New- man diverged toward Rome, and finally entered her gates. Francis moved in another direction. When it became necessary in order to obtain a master’s degree to subscribe to the thirty-nine arucles, he found himself unable to accept them. .He adopted a broader and less dogmatic form of Christinnity, which gradually developed into skepticism, and he now occupies in the school of ‘free thought" a position and an in- fluence of the same bind, though not as eminent, as that which his elder brother enjoys in the Roman Catholic Church. SUNDAY REVERIES. A Boston theatrical company recently played ascene laid in a church so naturally that to many of the audience itseemed so real-that they went to sleep. The little girt who was disappointed -because her name could not be found in the Bible says: “Never mind! I will besuch a good girl that if ever another Bible is written my name shall go into it.” Asmile overspread the face of the worthy citizen as he read the newspaper heading * Tal- mange on the Narragansett.” But his face durk- ened again when he discovered that it was all about a sermon—that was all. Sunday-schoul scholar (to the teacher)—“ Did ‘ou su¥ that the hairs of my bead were all num- ered?’ ‘Teacher—“Yes, my dear.” Sunday- school scholar—* Well, then,” pullingout a hair and | presenting it, “what's the numver of that one? No really generous man would go toa Spiritual seance given by a lady medium, and just as the ghost is walking about (while the medium is tied in the cabinet) exclaim: “There's a rat right by the ghost!” It spoils the effect to have the ghost yell, and gather up its skirts and run. Bome little girle in- a -Drovkiyn Sandsy-suhoot- were studying the history of David, the passage for the day being that which describes the shep- herd-boy’s victory over Gollab. Tne teacher asked the question, “ Now can any of you little girls tell me who killed the giant?" Quick as thought one of the smallest responded, “Jack.” A young woman at Alden, In., suid she “ wished to heaven that she might die that day.” A ter- rific storm arose immediately, with thunder and dightning, and she imagined that it bore some re- lation to her case. Hastening to a church, she knelt and prayed: ‘Ob, Lord, I didn’t mean it when [said I wanted to die. Please don’t let the Hghtaing hit me." Old Mr. Burnes was given toboasting of his re- ligious standing. In prayer-meeting the other evening, he suid: “Yes, brothers and sisters, feel as though I was put here to point the way to Heaven.” Before he could say more Mrs. Burn- well spoke out: “ Well, Brother Baines, l hope you will stay here and point long ufter the rest Of us are safe in Heaven.” Barnes hardly knew how to take her.—Bouston Transcript, A Danbury man tells 2 good story of his aunt, who isa model housekeeper and a scrupulous stickler for a good table. ‘The clerzymun called near the dinner hour, and was pressed to stay to the menl, At the table there was a good supply of well-prepared food, but the lady felt com- pelled tomake many apologies for imaginary deticiencies. In the grace the clerzymun asked our Heavenly Father to “ bless the frugal meal.” ‘This made the ludy very mad. ‘The Rev. Dr. Wentworth writes to the Troy: Times, on reading of u recent feet-washing cere- mony, as follows: * The wit of the Uliuvis Con- ference, the Rev. George J. Barrett, was attend- ing a camp-meeting held by the fect-washing Buptists, and stvod in therustic preaching stand looking on the scene while the brethren and sisters gathered ut the front benches and stripped off shoes and stockings, and the preach- er who conducted the services went around the circle with a tin basin and towel and washed the fect presented, till all were served. When the ceremony was over the preacher looked up to the stand, and, with the peculiar twang und whining upward slide of the voice sometimes called the * boly tone,” said with solemn distinct- ness, * We should be glad to know what our be- loved Brother Barrett thinks of this ancient end honorable custom.’ Burrett said he thought well of the custom; feet-washing was a good thing—n useful habit; and, as for the cases that had passed in review before their eyes to-day, he judged it would bave been well if it had been attended to a fortnight earlier.” CHURCH SERVICES. EPISCOPAL. Cathedral Church SS. Peter and Paul, corner of West Washington and Peoria streets, the Rt Rey. W. E. McLaren, 8. T. D., Bishop; the Rev. J.H. Knowles, Priest in charge. Holy Com- munion at 8a.m. Choral Morning Prayer and celebration of the Holy Communion at 10:30 a. m. Choral Evening Prayer at 7:30 p.m. ‘The Rev. Frederick Courtney will preach at p.m. at St. James’ Church, corner of Cass and Huron streets. <Tho Rev. R. A. Holland will preach at 10:45 a.m. at Trinity Church, corner of Twenty-sixth street and Michigan avenue, on “St. Paul at Athens.” —The Rev. W. H. Knowlton will preach at 10:50 a. m.and4p.m.at St..Andrew’s Church, corner of West Washington and Robey strects. ~The Rev, John Hedman will preach at 10:30 a.m. and p. m. at St. Ansgarius’ Church, Sedgwick street, near Chicago avenue. —The Rev. Clinton Locke, D. D., will preach at Lam. and §p.m, at Grace Church, Wubash avenue, neur Sixteenth street. —The Kev. Arthur Ritchie will preach at Ila. m. and 8 p.m. at the Church of the Ascension, corner of North La Salle and Elm strects. —The Kev. Charles S. Lester will preach at 11 a.m. and 7:30 p.1m.at St. Paul’s Church, Hyde Park avenue, near Fifticth street. ~The Rev. B. F. Fleetwood will preach at 10:30 m. at St. Mark's Church, corner of Cottage Grove avenue and Thirty-sixth street, —The Rev. J. D. Cowan will preach at 10:30 a. m. and 7:0 p. m. at St. Stephen’s Church, Jubn- son street, near Twelfth. —The Kev. Luther Pardee will preach at 10:30 a.m. and 8 p.m. at CalvaryChureh, Warren ave- nue, near Oukley street. ‘The Rev. I. N. Morrison, Jr., will preach at I a. m. and 8 p.m.at the Church of the Epiphany, Throup street, between Monroe and 8. jauns. —The Rev. W. J. Petrie will_preach at Ila. m. and +p. m. at the Courch of Our Savior, corner of Lincoln and Beldeu avenues. —The Key. James E. Thompson will preach at lla. m. and 7:45 p. m, at St. Thomas’ Church, Indiana avenue, near Thirtieth street. ; —Services will be conducted at St. Luke's Mission, No. .987, Polk street, at 10:45 a. m. and 7:30 p. in. The Rev. Daniel F. Smith will preach at 10:45 a.m. ut Grace Church, Hinsdale. “The Rev. Daniel Smith will preach at 10:45 a. m. at the Good Shepherd Mission, Lawndal '—Services will be held at 10:30 a. m. and? p.m. at Emmanuel Chureb, La Grange. Services will be held at 10: a. m. and 7:30 p.m. at St. Mark’s Church, Evanston. BAPTIST. i The Rev. E. O. Taylor will proach morning and evening. in the Second! Church, corner Mor- an and Monrve streets. Sithe Kev.N. Flavin will preach morning ! and evening in the Baptist Chay den avenue. oe ip pel, Ne. 431 Og- —The Rev. Kerr B. Tupper will preac' : a. m. in Michigan Avenue Church, Sea matt third street. Subject: “ Immortality.”” and evening in the Sesong Sweabh Chak ae md Swe = teriield strect, nearTainy-arse eee Ea ~The Rev. J. M. Gregory, D. D..of Champaign, Hil, will preach in the First Churth, South Park ay enue and Thirty-tirst street, morning and ening. —The Rev. E. B. Hulbert will preach in the Fourth Church, corner Washington an ii Streets, morning and evening. ze arenes anath®, Kev. a ea Burhoe will preach morning ve iz in Ontversity Place - Ins place and Rhodes avenues) nurets DOU evening in North Stae Chutes: coracr Digision Star Church, coi i ee ediewi : streets . rner Division ‘The Rev. C. Perrin will preach morni evening in Western Avenue Chureb, ioeand —The Rev W. H. Parker wilk preach morning and evening in Coventry Church, Coventry street, near Bloomingdale road. —The Rev. R, De Baptiste will preach in Olivet. Church, Fourth avenue, near Taslor street, morning and evening. —The Rev. A. K. Parker will preach morning and evening in Centennial Church, corner Lin- coln and West Juckson streets. —The Kev. E. O. Taylor will preach morniny ne evening in Central Church, No. 290 Orchai street. —The Rev. William A. Broadhurst will preach morning and evening in Dearborn Street Church, Dearborn and ‘Thirty-sixth strects. —The Kev. Mr. Meyer will preach in the First German Church, corner Bickerdike and Huron streets, morning and evening. —The Rev. John Ongman will preach morning and evening iu the First Swedish Church, Oak street, near Sedgwick. METHODIST. The Rev. G. R. Van Horne will preach at 10:50 a.m.and 745 p.m. at the Michigan Avenue Chureb, near Thirty-second street. Morning subject: * What We Know™: evening subject, “Death on the Nurragunsett.” —The Kev. J. D. Wilson will preach at 11 a.m. and § PB at Se Jchias Cantey Ellis avenue, ne irty-seventh street. ven! sub; = “The Mistakes About Moses. ee ee —The annual children’s day service at Trinity Chureh will be held Sunday morning, and, as this is the 4th of July, the exercises will be of a patriotic nature. The church is beautifully decorated with plants, Nowers, etc. —The Rev. George Chase will preach morning and evening at the Fulton Strret Church, corner of Artesian avenue. Evening subject: '* Mar- ria ‘The Rev. Dr. Thomas will preach in the evening at Centenary Church, Monroe and Mor- gun streets. Sacrament in the morning. —The Kev. Dr. Williamson will preach morn- ing and evening in the, First Church, Clark and Wushington streets. Morning subject: “The Christian Patriot's Duty to Party Politics.” Evening subject; “The Work of the Past One. Hundred Years." 7 —The Rev. E. M. Boring will preach morning and evening in the State Street Church. —The Kev. Ram Chandra Bose, Hindoo preach- er and delegate from India to tho Methodist GenerakConterence, will preach in GraceChurch atll:45a.m. The Rey. Bobert D. Sheppard will preach in the evening. Subject: “Thoughts Yor independence Day. —The Hey. J. H. Alling will preach morning and evening in Simpson Church, Bonfield street, near Archer avenue. —The lev. J. W. Richards will preach morning and evening in Emmanuel Church, coruerHar- rison and Paulina streets. —The Rev. F. A. Hardin will preach morning and evening in the Halsted Street Church, Nos. ‘778 to 734 South Halsted street. —The Rev. R. B. Pope will preach morning and evening in Trinity Church, Indiana avenue, near ‘Twenty-fourth street. —The Rev. Frank M. Bristol will preach morn- ing and evening in Wabash Avenue Church, cor- ner Fourteenth street. —The Rev. T. C. Clendenning will preach morning and evening in Langley AvenueChurch, near Egan avenue. —The Rev. W. X. Ninde will preach morning and evening in the Adu Street Church, between Lakeand Fulton strecis. —The Kev. J. M. Caldwell will preach morning and evening in Western Avenue Church, cor- ner of Monroe street. ~The Rev. J. W. Phelps will preach morn- ing and evening in St. Paul's Church, corner Maxwell street and Newberry avenue. —tThe Kev. William Craven will preach _morn- ing and evening in the Winter Street Church, neur Stock-Yards. —The Kev.S. T. Shaw will preach morning and evening in Dixon Street Church, near North avenue. —The Rev. F. Porter will preach morning and evening, in Lincoln Street Church, corner of aimbrose strect. —The Rev. J. R. Richards will preach in the church corner Jackson and Oglesby strects, morning and evening. —The Rev. T. R. Strobridge will preach in the Park Aveoue Church morning andevening. A Fourth of July sermon will be preached in the evening. ie __.___ _ CONGREG 4 T1Q NAL. ____________. The Rev. F. A. Nobie ii preach morning and evening in the Union Park Church,-Asoland avenue and Washington street. Morning subject: “Christ the Sourve of Our Freedom”; evening subject: “Vicarious Suffering.”” —The Rev. Charies Hult Everest will preach morning and evening in Plymouth Thurch, Michigun avenue, between wenty-fifth and ‘Twenty-sixth streets, —The Rev. E. F. Williams will preach morn- ing and evening in South Church, Fortieth street and Drexel boulevard. —The Rev. George H. Peeke will preach morn- ing and evening in the Leavitt Street Church, Comuunion after morning service. —The Rey. E. P. Goodwin will preach morn- ing and evening in the First Church, corner of | Washington and Ann streets. Evening subject: “ Peliow-citizens with the Sainte.” —The Rey. Burke F. Leavitt will preach morn- mg and evening in Lincoln Park Church, corner Sophia and Mohawk streets. —The Rev. U. A. Towle will preach in Bethany Chureb, corner of Paulica and West Huron streets.. Morning, baptism of children and the Lord's Supper. —The Rev. Evarts Kent will preach morning and evening in Clinton Street Church, corner of Wiison street. PRESBYTERIAN. The Key. J. H. Walker will preach morning and evening at Campbell Park Church, Leavitt street and Campbell Park. Morniag subject: “True Freedom.” —The Rev. J. M. Worrall will preach morning and evening at the Eighth Church. - —The Rev. 3. S. Mitchell will preach at 10:52. m. in the Second Church, corner of Twentieth purcet and Michigan avenue. No evening serv- ice. —The Rev. Arthur Mitchell, D. D., will preach morning and evening at the First Church, cor- ner of ‘wenty-first street and Indiana avenue. —The Kev. Herrick Jobnson, D. D., will preach morning and evening in the Fourth Church, corner Rush and Superior streets. —The Rev. S. E. Wishard will preach morning and evening in the Fifth Church, corner Indiana avenue ant Thirtieth street. —The Rev. Francis L. Patton, D. D., LL. D., will preach morning and evening in Jefferson Park Church, corner Adams and Throsp streets. —The Kev. ‘T. J. Lamont will preach in the Re- union Church, West Fourteenth street, between Throop and Loomis streets, at 1 a.m. and 7:45 p.m. REFORMED EPISCOPAL. _ The Rev. E. W. Adams will preach morning and evening at St. Matthew’s Church, corner Clark and Centre streets. ~The Rev. Dr. Cooper will preach in the even- ing in the Church of the Good Shepherd, corner Jones and Homan streets. —A Fourth of July and Sunday-school centen- nial service will be held in the morning, at St. Paui's Church, corner Carpenter and Washing- ton streets. Music, flowers, singing-birds, 2 children’s responsive service, and un address by Bishop Fallows will be the features of the occi- sion. {nu the evening the Rev. Dr. Ninde, Presi- dent of the Garrett Biblical Institute, will de- liver the lecture on ‘* Methodism.” —The Kev. R. H. Bosworth will preach in they Presbyterian Church, Englewood, at 3:45 p. m. —The Kev. Bishop Cheney will preach morn- ing and evening in Christ Chureh, corner, Michi- gan avenue and Twenty-fourth street, Morning subject: ‘A Citizen Not Ashamed of His Citi- zenship." Eyening subject: ‘A Slavery Which- the Fourth of duly Hus Not Abolished.” CHRISTIAN. 4 ‘The Rev. I. A. Searles will preach morving and evening at the South Side Church, on Prairie avenue, corner of Thirtieth street, Morning subject: Our National Holiday.” Evening subject: “ Queen Esther.” —The Rev. Charles H. Caton will preach morning and evening at the Second Church, corner of Oukley avenue und Jackson street. Morning ‘subject: “A Gospel Fourtb-of-Jul Sermon,—Bondage That Makes for Liberty, Evening subject: “Garments That Are Moth- eaten—How Little Irregularities Beget Big Sins.’ —The Rev. J. H. Wright, State Evangelist, will preach morning and evening in Western Avenue Church, corner Congress street. —The Rev. George W. Sweeney will preach morning and evening in the First Church, cor- ner of Indiuna avenue and Twenty-ffth strect. Morning subject: “The Nature and Environ- ment of Human Freedom.” Evening subject: “Remember ‘Thy Creator in the Days of Thy Youth,” the first of two Sunday-evening leet- ures to young people on “Manbood's Grit, or Elements of a Prosperous Life,’ UNITARIAN. The Rey, Brooke Hertord will preach at tho of the leséiah at 10:45 a. m. Church of yon. & Suge will preach in Unity Park, at ll am. Chupa Rew: Ee SGuivia will preach at 10:45 a, fi Third Church, coruer of Monroe and wp. in the Thitt abject: What Does the Fourth of July Stand For?”” UNIVERSALIST. The Rev. W, H. Ryder will preach in St. Paul's Church, Michigan avenue, near Eight- centh street, morning and evening. —The Kev. Genre Z Spied ae Lansing, Mich., will pres in the morn in the Churc! of the leemer, Washington und Sangamon strects. NEW JERUSALEM. ‘The Rav. W.T. Pendleton will preach in Lin- coln ete Chapel. at It a.m..andin the Cnion Park Temple atitp.m. - —rhe Kev. L. P. Mercer will reach at I} a.m. in Union Swedenborgian Church, Hershey Music- 4 Hall. Subject: ‘The Real Presence.” \ INDEPENDENT, e ‘Mx, William B. Needham will preach at 10:30 |