Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, January 31, 1880, Page 4

i \ t ( fend -hls opponent, M, Bertoland, 4 THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: Che Tribune. TERMS OF SURSCRIPTION. BY MAIL—IN ADVANCE—POSTAGR PREPAID. pals ectition, ONG FeRter.s. yarta of a year, pot month 2 Litera! WEEKLY EDITIO: One copy. oO Ginbof four... Club nf tot Glub of twoniy., Specimen copica sont free. Glvo Post-Office address tn full, including State and County. Nomtttances may be made elther by draft, express, Post-Ofiico order, of tn roxistered lotter, at our risk. TERMS TO CITY BUNSCIINERS, , Dally, delivered, Sunday excepted, 26 cents por week, Dalty, doltverod, Bundy inelided, 20 conts per week. Addrons THE TRIMUNE COMPANY, Corner Madison and Dearborn-sta,, Chicago, Tit. — POSTAGE. Entered at the Pott-Ofice at Chicago, 1a a8 Becond= Class Matter, = ‘ For the beneftt of onr patrons who destra to sond singlo coplesof THE 'TRINUSE through the mall, wo five horowith the transtont mto of postage: Eight ana Twelvo Pagd Papers m Bistoon Page Paper eeyoct Bight and Twalvo Pago Lape Blnteen Page laps TRIBUNE BRANCIL OFFICES. ‘THR CHICAGO TRIDUNE has established branch offices for tho rocelpt of subscriptuna and advortise- monts ns follows: NEW YONK—Itoom 29 Tribune Bullding. F.T. Mc+ Fanpen, Manager. PARIS, France.—No, 16 Ituo de Ia Grango-Batelore, H. MARLET, Arcnt, ‘Amorican Exctmogo, 419 Strand, Lid, Agont. ‘C.—1219 F streot. AMUSEMEN'ES, MoVicker's 'Thentre. Madison streot, between Dentborn and Btate. En- gngomont of the Boston Theatro Company, “ Drink.” Afternoon snd ovening, Mooley's Theatre. Randolph atrect, betwen Clark and LaSalle. En- gagoment of the Wenthersby-Goudwin Froliques. “Hobbies.” Afternoon and evening. aa Maverly's ‘Theatre. Dearborn aireot, corner of Monroe, “The Galley Blave.” Aftornvon and evening. Olympte ‘Theatre. Clark ntreot, botwaen Inudutph and Inks, Enzage- ment of Goorge Learack. “Philip Gordon, Miner." Afternoon nnd evening, - Merahey Muyle-Hait. - Madison strect, batweon State and Dearborn. Prof. Richard A. Proctor. Afternoon, *Comots and Me- teors." Evening, * The Groat lyramid; Ita Purpose ‘end Meaning.” SOCIETY MELTINGS, BLAIR LODGE, NO, an, A. menibers are requested to meot he Blonrog-st Sunday turning, Feb. dy a Sharp, for the furporo of nttending the PL ey el Ra Ranrotte | Members of the fraternity cure ly Invited, ordul 3.8 DLAISDRDL, W. BM M. 1, BUZZELL, Beerotaty, “" CHICAGO CONCLAVE, NO. 8t, ED CROSS OF TL & CRegulng mocting thin Baturtny, Jan, ile 73 pe m, All Constantine Knights cordinily Invited to visit un ANU, D. MCAT, MB, Bove IL, 8. AUSTIN, Recorder. funeral of SATURDAY, JANUARY 31, 1890, CANNON-OASTING has received fresh im- petus of Inte in Germany, Such lnrge orders lave been receivert at the Government foun- dries that nn extra fores of hands have been engaged for working extra time, / Tue Court of Inquiry which examined the Inst charges agatnst Maj, Reno iy sald to have decided upon recommending his dis- inissal from the army. Gen, Sherman, how- over, inclines toward greater lenlency, and favors Reno's suspension for one year Surranex action tn connection with the death of the Hon. 8. 8. Mayes, formerly Clty Controller of Chivago, was yesterday tuken atn sprelal meeting of the Common Council presided over by the Mayor, Iesolutions of respeet and condolence were adopted, and many words of ‘sincere regard and regret were spoken, ———— ‘A STRONG appeal for prompt contributions toward the relief of the prevailing distress {n Ireland hns been issued by the Erish Rellet Committee of Now York, and the reports at hand concerning inereaged and widespread destitution amounting almost to w famine should seryoto emphnsize the request that donations bo speedy ns well as Uberal. ee Tris thought probable that tho IlInols Re- publican State Convention will be ealled to mect on elther the 10th or 2dth of next May, and that this Convention will be made to auftice for all purposes, such ay the nomina- Hon of State ofllcers, elvetion of dulegates to the National Convention, and appolutiment of a new State Central Committee. ‘Pho present Committee propose to meet in Chicugo on the 2th of February. Tue belief galns ground in Now York that Tilden has resolved not to be a candidate be- fore the Democratic National Conyentton, The assortlon is made by n newspaper corre- spondent at Alvany that corroborative evi- dence to this effect has been obtnined within the last few days, and that, while a delegn- tion friendly to him will undoubtedly bo chosen, ‘Tilden will thorenpon make known publicly. his withdrawal froin the contest. rennet MAINE {is now pence, and the Democracy mourneth over the loss of its supposed op- portunity, Ono by one the Fustonlsts steal allently into thelr seats In the State-House, and of the once rampant and boastful crowd there now remain buta cotporal's guard of the inglorlously vanquished: who have the hardihood aud self-denial to, hold themselves nloof from the pay-rell of the legul Legisin- ture, Only four empty chalrs ara to bo seen in the Sonate, and these will not long remain without occupants when tho determination of that body to fillall_vacnneles by new elee- tlons Is mada known, Thus ends tho first lesson in the Presidential campaign of 1880, Mayor Hanson objects to belng repre- sented ag more anxfous nbout the Itein of ex- pense than about anytlilug else in connection with the proposed éstablishment of pumuing- works to purify the South Branch, What he fs chiefly concerned nbout Is; he snys, that before the city undertakes the expense of the -pumplng project some agreement shall be had with the State of Illnofs whereby the Jatter will be bound to protect the city In its rights and benelits, He wants to make sure . that the value of the improvement shall be permanent before making the outlay required toerect and malntain the hydraullo systom proposed, ey ‘TuERE are eviitences of 9 serious defection _ Inthe ranks of the Government majority in the Fronch Assembly, which threatens soon to leave the Ministry without the power to carry its measures in Purllament. ‘The tendency of tho Extreme Left toward what is termed Hoadicallsm hus strengthened the * minority, which was yesterday able to defeat .the election of a life Senator nomfuuted by the Republicans, ‘The nominee wos Dr, Paul Broca, the eminent anthropologist, who is opposed fo the antiJesult clause of tho Jules ‘Ferry Education bil. ‘The “Jqtter was supported by Dafaure ond & grouy of Republican Senators who SATURDAY, JANUARY 31, have untll now acted with the majority in sustaining the Government, and the new group was ablo at least to defeat the clectton of Broga, against whom is urged the curlous objection that he fs too strongly Inclined to- ward Darwinism, ‘TUE quarrel botween Gen, W. T. Shennan and Gen, I. V, Boynton fs likely to bo the subject of Investigation of n Court of In- quiry, as Gen, Boynton has submitted to the Secretary of War a formal charge with specl- ficattons for inquiry by an authorized body, ‘The charge Is that of “conduct unbecoming an oMicer and a gentleman,” tn that Gen, Sherman has: violated the criminal Inws of the District of Columbia defining slander os crime, and the specl- fientions allege what tho slander was,—that’ Boynton “could be hired todo anything,” and was “capable of slau- dering his own mother for pay.” It seems that the charges must be received and en- tered of record by the Secretary of War, and Gen, Sherman cannot {f he would avold the compulsion of asking for the appointment by the Prosident of n Milltary Court of In- quiry to pass upon the case. | Tur, total yalue of merchandise imported during the year 1879 was cighty-two millions more than in 1878, the figures being: For 1878...... + BBL B1T ART FOr IB1V...sesseeeseee + 513,780,016 ‘This incrense hag malniy been since the thda of prosperity turned, six months ago, ‘Tho total exports of 1878 were $737,072,073; of 1879, $765,130,493, The {nereasa was much greater in imports than iu exports, If we keep on this way tho batance of trado will be against us before the end of 1890, The Importation of gold ins nlrendy censed, New York Clty during this month of January ts importing at the rate of million dollars 4 day, and exporting at the rate of one-third of siniliton aday. The cause of this remark- able Increase of exports is simply this: the home manufacturers have marked up tho price of thelr fabrics and wares so high within the past six or efght months that it hin& becqma: cheaper to {import goods from abroad and pay cost of transportation and theenormons duttes, than to buy thedomestio prodtcts nt the fancy and exorbitant prices the manufacturers lave put upon thelr goods, Before long thore will be a smash’? unless they mark them down again to sone decent price. They are letting the home market slip out of thelr fingers by reason of their greed. All branches of tho iron busl- ness have gone porfectly crazy In the prices they are charging the consumers, This sort of “booming will shortly play out, and the sooner tho better. TILE-DRAINING IN THE PRAIRIE STATES Ina carefully complied statement made for the use of the State two years ago, the figures were given of the extent of the land In Ili- nois that was so covered with water as'to be excluded from cultivation altogether. This aren Sneluded over 1,50,00 acres, ‘The land was niainly such as was subject to overilow from rivers, and land in swamps, and low grounds out of which there was no natural escape, It was estimnted that by a proper system of levees and drainage the greater part thereof might be recovered, and. that with @ comparatively small outlay for sys- lematized drainage an average yalue equal to $12 per acre wonld be given to this land. But in addition to this large area needing deep ditch-dralnage there is, perhaps, four times ag much Innd where the flat prairie with Its “sloos” haa to tuko tn all the water that fails, which hag no drainage, and while Itennnot be sald to be under water, it 1s so wet in most seasons us to be Incapable of cultiva- tion, or, if plowed and planted, so wet.and sodden as tu be practically unproductive. What it produces will not pay the cost of the attempted cultivation, Even much of the pratrie land which Is considered dry or “upland?” is generally su wet as to bo ensily worked Into mud, aud consequently more dificult of cultivation and less productive than If it were really dry. 3 This questlon hus for a long tine presented a serious problem to our farmers. Some years ago Thy ‘Truipene began the discus- sion of tile-dralnuge, not only for the flelds but for the country ronds, At that time tiles were scarce and costly, and at best thelr use could be only anexperlment, THe Trmune, however, persevered, and In time tho trials were nade, and the results have been eini- nently satisfactory. The tlleclrainage is now In lurge use, not only {1 Inois, but also in Indiana, Ohlo, and low, In every fustance the reports are enthusiastic as to its success, We print tis morning au article, or rather aserles of artictes, on the subject, all found- ed upon actual observation and-experience, ‘These papers are most Instructlye, They give, to some extent, the histury of what has been already achleyed, and, In doing this, point out the means whereby every foot of farming-land in Illinols now unproductive or only poorly productive because of being too wet may be reclalmed, and also how all the prairie land in Llnois nay be made more fertile and prolific than it Is now. ‘This work of tile-drainage 1s shown to be capable of making land that fs now untillable produce immense crops, and also capable of making the land now productlye far more so, Its equally Improving, whether the Jand be used for graln or for hiny; it will not only permit. these to bo grown where they cannot now be grown, but will add to the productiveness und quality of the crop on all prairie land which may bo tile-drained, We repraduce from an Indiana articles cut illustrating the effects upon the growth of grain planted in undrained and also {n drained Innd. In the untiled soll the corn extends Its roots until {tatrikes the water n short distance under the surface of the ground, ‘The tile boing lald at n depth of thirty-six Inches, the roots of the growlng slulk extend by numerous fibres to the new water-level, thus drawing to the plant the food found In the much greater depth of earth, Tho ground in the untiled land cakes nnd bakes Into a hard or sodden mass, while that inthe tiled earth is loose sind porous. Capillary uttraction In the Intter casosupplics & suliciency of moisture, but not enough to seald or drown the plant ns in tho cage of the untlled land, where the water remuins In ex- cuss near the surface, ‘Tiling fs no longer the costly proceeding It hasbeen, Estubiishments for the manufact- ure of tiles are now in operdtion all over the West, and especially In this State, The price per foot Is naw quite reasonable, ‘The man- ner of Inying these tiles iy now pretty well catablished, and the work nay now be dane by the ordinary Jabor of the farm, ‘The tools heeded are few and inexpensive, Exporlence jias shown that a ling of tile will drain the Jand for a distance of three rods on each aide;-or for n belt of 100 feet, The lines of tie therefore should bo Jatd, a8 a rule, not farther than 100 fect from each other. . 'Tak- ing & whole section of land of 610 acres, and assuming that it all needs tiling, there will be required fifty-four rows of tile, each row one mille long, allowlug 100 feet between each row, or some fourteen miles for 100 acres of land, ‘fhis-work need not be all done at one tine, ‘he universal experience lus been, however, that the increased pro- duction from well-performed tiling will pay, the first year, the entire cost of the tiling done the preceding year. Whether the tiling de dono ull at once or part ata time, the increased product from the tiled land in the hext season will pay the cost of the work; tho futuro benefits and profits resulting from tho tiling aro all without additional cost. The product of the farm is doubled, It 1s shown in these papers that nearly all the pratrfa land of Illinois, 1¢ it do not sbso- lutely need filing, will bs greatly benefited by underdratnage, ‘The unproductive will bo made productive, and tho productive will bo made more a0. Esttmating within reasonable bounds the great additlons to the tillable Iniuts resulting from drain- age and tho Increased prodnetion given to the lands already in cultivation, it 1s not extravagant to say thatthe farming Iands of IMnols will be Increased in yalue 100 per cent. That is to say, the product of these Tands annually will bodoubled, because there will then be no failure of crops. Instead of two good crops In three or two in four, which {3 more usual, there will be a good crop every year, Plowing can be commenced cariter, and sowing and planting eurlicr, And plowing can be done linmediately after rains, The Innd can be traveled over In the wettest winters by horse and wagon to plek the corn and haul inthe fodder, Tiedrain- ing revyolutionizes tarming, and makes It 9 certain and 9 paying bualuess, Itis not, however, in the matter of dratning the fields alone that the valite of tiledralnage beeomes of importance, One of the great troubles of llinols farmers iy the nbsencoe of good roads, Ona level with tho fields, tho water Hes under the surface, nnd the roads become beds of mud or mortar under the least provocation, Whatever will drain tho corn-fields will also cratn the roadways, ‘The -peneral verdict Js that atile-drain latd thirty- six Inches deep along on each side of a rond- way will carry off the water and leave tho roadbed dry ag effectually as’ the same kind of tiling will rolleve the - fields of the water, We give such resuits on this branch of tho subject ns our con- tributors have experlenced. If the drainage of the roads of the State be as successful a3 that of the'cultivnted flelds, then the farming lands of Illinois will gain additional yalus from the possession of good roadways, which are now almost exceptional. Upon the whole we think tho farmers of Ilinojs and of the pratrte States generally will find that the dis- covery and application of tileddraining will prove to bens valuable to them even ns the cotton-gin was to the cotton-plunters of the South, COL, INGERSOLL'S EULOGY ON THOMAS PAINE. Though Col. Ingersoll’s glowing tribute to the memory of Thomas Paine will be differ- ently viewed by its readers according to thelr religious bjases, we doubt not that all will concede that there 1s no man in tho world more competent to have pronounced that eulogy than Col, Ingorsoll, and that yery few will deny its eloquence, its close analysis, Its terse logle, its uptness of Hlustration, its hu- mor, ita biting satire, and ils epigrammintic Mashes and force. In all these qualities it is Incompar ably the most brilliant and masterly effort that has ever Appeared among all the nuinerons eulogies that have been written by the admirers of this remarkable man, However much religious people may be palned by Col. Ingersoll’s attacks upon thelr doginatic beliefs by his irreverence, which to thom will fall ttle short of pro- fanity and blasphemy, and by hls mockery of things that are sacred to them, they will at Jenst concede that histribute is anoxhaustive, eloquent, and at times very lmpressive do- fenso of tha man who has been more ma- ligned than any other man of this or the Inst eentury. :” It is difficult to quote from this adress without marring the context or introducing some of Mr. Ingersoll’s bitter prejudices against the system of Christinn rellgton and Its teachers, but there are passages whieh will bear reproduction, as illustrating tho general remarks we have made about the style and success of the orater in dealing with his subject. ‘There has nover been a clearer or more conclse analysts of Patno than the following: “Poverty wis his mothor—Neccsslty lis mastor, Ho bod more brains than byoks; more sense than education; more courage than polltoncss; More strength than polish, Ho had uo vonern- tlon for old mistukes,—no ndimiration for ancient les, He foyed the truth for tho truth's enke, and for man's suke. Hosaw oppression on every hand; injustice overywhore; bypocrisy at tho ultar, venallty on the bencb, tyranny on tho throne; and with a splondid courage ho espoused tho cause of the weak aguinst the atrong,—of the enslaved many against tho titled and brutal few." —or the manner {nwhich ho describes the ap- peal of Paine to the Colunists to strike tho blow for thoir independence; “It is simple justice to say that Painedid moro to cause tho Declaration of Independence than any other man. Nelthor should it bo forgotten that hisattacks upon Great Britain were also Attacks upon monnrehy; and while he convinced tho poopte thut the Colonlva ought to separate from the mother-country, he algo proved to thom that # freo xoverumont Js tho bost that can be Inatituted among men, Paiue was not con- tent with having sroused tho spirit of independ> once, but he guve ovory energy of his soul to keop that spirit alive. Hewas with tho army, Ho sharod ita defeats, its dangers, and itsglory. When thesttuation became desperate, when gioom scttted upon all, he gayo them tho ‘Crisis.’ Itwasa cloud by day anda pillar of dire by night, leading the way to freedom, honor, and glory; He shouted to thom: ‘These are the times that try moun's souls. The summer soldier und tho sunshine patriot will, in this/ crisis, shrink from the service of his country; but He that stands it now deserves tho love and thanks of man and woman.” ‘There !s 4 very general bellef in the relig- fous world that Palne’s * Age of Reason ” 13 #n attack upon the Bible, while In reality {¢ isan attack upon the old Hebrew ‘Testa- ment. Upon this point Col, Ingersoll says: * Thomas Paine denlod the Divine origin of Christ, aud showed conclusively that the pre-e twnidod prupheoies of tho Old Testament had no reforence to Him whatever; and yet ho believed that Christ was a virtiousand amiable man; and the morullty He taught und practleod was of tho tnvet benevolent and wlevated character, and that it bad not boen exceeded by avy, Upon this Point ho entertained the same sentlinents now hold by the Unitarians, and in fuct by all the moat onlightened Christians, Falno tho ught tho burbarities of the Old Testament inconeist- qnt with what ho deemed the real churacter of God. Ho beloved that murder, mussucre, and indiscriminate slaughter had nover been com mnandod by tho Deity, He reyurded much of tho Bible as childleh, unimportant, and foolish. The seientitia world entertains tho sumo opintun, Palne attacked tho Biblo precisely in the sume spirit in which be hud attacked the pretensions of Kings. He used the sume weupons, All tho pomp in the world could not make bim cower, Als reason know uy * Holy of Halles,’ except the abode of Truth,” Col, Tngervoll’s lumanity and loye for humanity are strikingly brought out In the followlng passuge: © Nothing but education—selentific education can benelt munkind,, We nust tind ‘out the juwe of Nature aud conform to thom! We need free Dextles and free minds,—free labor aud free. thought,-chainicss bunds and futtericsg brains, Free Inbor will give us wealth, Free thought wit give us truth We nood mon with Moral courage to speak and write tholr real thoughts, und to stand by thoir convictions. Wo nood bave av four of being too rudival. The future will verify all grand ynd brave prodloe tons, Baloo was splendidly tu advance of bis tue; Lut ho was orthodox compared with tho intidela of to-day. Sclonco, the great foonovlast, bas boon busy sinco 180), and by the highway of Progress are tho broken images of tho Pust, Selonce took @ hundful of sand, consiructed a tvleavope, and with it read tho starry page of Heaven. Sclpnce wrested from the goda tholr thunderbolts; and now, tho electric spark, trelghted with thought and lovu, Hashes under all the waves of the sea, Bofonce took a texr trom tho chook of unpaid lubor, converted It 1880—Z TEEN PAGES. into steain, and created nginnt that turns with tireless arm the countless wheels of toll." Woe olose our extracta with the orator’s aliustons to Patne’s death: “Ta thore any God jn tho Heavens who bates a patriot? If there ts, Thomns Paine ought to hive beon afraid todic., Ta there any God that would dant naman for helping to free 3,000,000 of people? If ‘Thomas Paine wasin hell to- night, and could get God's attention long enongh to point to Him the old banner of tho btara flonting over Amoricn, God would have to ict him out. What was ho afrnidof? Had ho ever birrned anybody? No. Evor put anybody {nan inquisition? No, Ever put tho thumb. ferew on nybody? No, Ever put anybody in prison so that some poor wife and mother would coma and hold her ttle babe up at tho xrited window that (he man bound to tho floor inight get one glimpso of if blue-oyed baba? Did he over do that? Did ho ever light n fngot? Dit ho ever tear human flesh? Whot was it he didto beafrald of? Mo had helped make tho world free. He hnd helped ercate the only Re- public then on the earth, Whit was ho afrald of?” Whatever views men may entertain ot Paine’s criticisms of the Hebrow Scriptures through his “Age of Reason” and other writings, no one at this day will question ifs frrepresqjbla loyeof human Mberty, his courageous defense of humanity against its taskmaster’, or hts splendid and invaluable services for the American Republic, prior to and during the Warof Independence, Hts volee rang like aclarton, and thectarlon never gaye an uncortain sound, Col. Ingersoll has elo quently enumerated those services, but, singularly enough, omitted one of the most Important, ‘Tho most thoughtful of recent critics, and those who have studied the sub- ject most deoply, have arrived at the Irreslst- {ble conclusion that Palne was the original author of the Declaration of Independence, or, at least, of its first draft and outline ideas. ‘The testimony shows that he held frequent conversations with Jefferson, and, it is be- Neved, urged upon lim the very views that are set forth in that immortal Instrument, and that he hetd and expressed them long before any other Anier- fenn, “It {is known that Jefferson, who ‘was anaptscholar and shared Palne’s religious views, was deeply impressed with them, and requested him to put his thoughts on paper, which he did; and that paper Js the very bone and substance of tho Declaration of Inde- pentence. Though the phrascology may have been changed. and additions made, the declaration of Hborty, the indictment of Great Britaln, the rengons for freedon, very probably came from Thomas Paine. All through thatinstrnment there are uninistaka- ble ear-marks of his pecullar and remarkable style of expresston, which, If it wero Jeffer- son’s production, noyer charactorized any of his subsequent writings, Tho styte of “*Com- mon Sense,” the * Crisis,” and the “ Rights of Man’ pervades the Declaration of Inde- pendence, In the introduction tothe forth- coming work, the advance sheets of which are before us, Col. Ingersoll alludes to this matter in the following words: Z “Tm inelined to think that he actunlly wrote the Declaration of Independence; but whothor thts Is true or not, every idea contained in it had been written by him long before. It is now cluimed that the original document {s In Paino's handwriting. 3t certainty fs notin Jefferson's, Cortain it is that Jotferson could not have writ- ten anything so manly, so striking, 80 compre- henslve, sv clear, ao convincing, and go faultless in rhetorlo and rhythm as the Devluration of In- dependence, Paine was tho flrat man to write thesu words; *Tho United Stutes of America.’ Ho was tho frat great champion of absolute acparation from England, He was tho first to urge tho adoption of a federal constitution; und moro clearly than any other man of his tine ho perceived the future groutness Of this country.” Jad it not been for Palne’s assaults upon the Old ‘Testamont*and the Church in his’ “Age of Reason,” which arrayed the Chris- tinn ministers and thelr-people ngainst Ihin for’ more ‘than threeqitarters of a century, his great political services would have been more. fully recognized, and he would -have taken his place among the fathers of the Re- public, standing in popular cateom even be- foro Franklin, Jeiferson, Madison, Hamilton, and Adaing, and second only ta Washington. ‘The mortal offense he lins given to the religious world and the acerbity of the war- fare that has been waged agninst him have eclipsed the inestimable services he rendered this country in her days of struggle ‘and peril for fregdoin and independence, Men who look upon him ag a blasphemer and moral monster aro not likely to concede his claims to that glorious record of patriotism which the future will allow without ques tion, Leaving his religious notions out’ of the question, history will assign him his proper place as the great champlon whose. tenchings and ringing utterances induced the American Colontes to strike the blow for in- dependence, and os the great lover of his kind whose voice was always heard in de fense of tha poor, the suifering, and tho en- Naved, A CORRUPT BRANOH OF THE PUBLIO SERVICE. The summary diamissul of nyt, the Inte Indian Commissioner, while an investigation Into cortuin abuses in ils department was’ golng on, proves, nt least, that the President and Seeretary of the Iuterlor are satisted that the Indian Bureau has been corruptly managed. If the pending Snvestigntion had not been secretly vondueted, the public would be nore fully tuformed ns to the exact nature of Hayt’s offending. Enough has come out, however, to indicate that Hayt was Interested In mining speculations In the Arizona reservation; that Mart, Indlan Agent at San Carlos, was Hnyt’s agent In the business; that Indlan-lnspector Ham- mond, of Chicago, was in some way a party to the trangactlons; that, on account of those relations, Hart was not prosecuted on charges that had been preferred against him; and thut Hammond's confession has revealed the doings of the ring, Hammond was before the Board of Commlssiuncrs on Wednesday, and denied having written a letter, which was produced, promising Hart that he should not be prosecuted, Sul- sequently experts testified that com. parlgon with = Tomujoud’s handwriting ndmitted of little doubt that he was the author of tho letter in question, and on ‘Thursday Hammond sought Gen, Fisk, who has been prosecuting the inyeat!- gation, confessed that ho had written the lut- ter and had been persuaded by Hayt to deny it. Hammond afterwards guve tha Board of Commissioners testimony which seems to have Identified Huyt with the transactions as vharged, ‘and, as tho latter’s explanations Were unsatisfactory, he was Instantly dle missed. ‘The Bonrd of Commisstonera np- pears to haye contributed somothing te the vottenness of the Indian management, ag its President fa sald to haye admitted that he has been Interested in certain Indian con- tracts, and hence lo was disposed to hush up tho scandal, ‘The curlosity of tho public will probably be satisfied In the end by the detailed operations of this particular Indian ring. There wilt be no‘apecial surprise at any showlng of cor- ruption that may be ingde, but rathor a disap- polutwent at any mitigation of the present susplelons, Thetelations of the Government to the Indian tribesare so favorable to specu- Jation and peculation that corruption in the In- dian servicois regarded agalmosta matter of course, Of the vastamounts of publiomoney squandered upon the Jndluns, it is probably safe to estimate that-one-half Is stolen by ofticlals and contractors, ‘Che temptation to steal !s so great antl’ the: opportunities so abundant that no Secretary of the Interior, no matter how competent and honest he may bo hinaetf (and none more upright and eft elent willever be found than Chandler and Schurz have been), will be able to put a stop to corrupt practices, This will always bo tho ense so long as the absurd fiction is main tained of treating Indian tribes ns foreign nations and supporting them as sovereign paupers, A wholesale eleemosynary system, under which public ‘moneys nre distributed fong contractors by agents, fa rich ground for the'growth of corruption, and patronage serves as rain and sunshine to dayelop the most abundant fruit. According to ait accounts Hammond ts Stricken down with remorse over his incor- rect testimony, Hayt hns left Washington hurriedly and sceretly, and the Secretary of the Interior is in possession of Information that will Jead to a complete exposure of the ting. It 1s not to bo doubted that. changes will be mado promptly with tho purpose of removing all the men who have been con- nected with tho corrupt transactions, But this will not serve as 9 warning against slink lar corruption In tho future, though it may Induce the next set of rascals to be more prudent in their operations. ‘The only rem- edy for abuses Jn the insnagement of Indian affairs is to abandon tha present system of supporting and coddling the Inelans. When an tribe Is put upon a reservation Ict It ba with the un- derstanding that the Indians shall bo self-supporting. Ifthe Indians cannot live upon thelr own Iabor when thoy are fur- nished with rich lands and all the necessary facilities for agricultural pursuits, then thoy should be allowed to starve. It will bo cheaper tv support an army of soldlers large enough to keep these savages corraled than it Is to support an army of Agents, Inspect- ors, Comuilssionera, and contractors, whose business [s to plunder the Government and Incite the Indians to new demands and out- rages. THE ROYAL TATTOO. Macaulay, in one of his essays, asserts that Goldsmith was almost hoaxed Into putting into his Ilflstory of Greeco an account of a battle between Alexander and Montezuma, So minute was the amount of knowledge then necessary to enjoy the reputation and profits. ofan historian! Yet Goldamith’s history was. Intended for students, and we may imagine the value of a text-boole containing such atatements, Itis probable thatthe account of the tat- toving of England’s Princes is a honx shimilar to that which it was attempted to Impose upon the public through the medium of the innocent Goldsmith, The witty Labouchera may have sought to fasten a stigma upon that Royalty of which lits journal Is reported to be the unrelenting foe, and for the nonce pernilt history to record as a fact an Inven- tion of hisown prolific brain. Atany rate, he vouches for the accurncy of the statement that the two Princes, who aro serving as midshipmen upon H. M. 8. Baccante, have beon decorated upon thelr Royal noses, in indelible ink, with the symbol of hope,— an anchor! That middies are prone to pranks and deeds of mischief, and fonder of dovising pragtical jokes than they are of the study of seamanship, we can belleve on the authority of all nautleal writers from Mar ryatt or Cooper down to Ned Buntline, But tha mad deeds of Midshipman Eaay or of Peretval -Keene,—the newly-invented Ma- sonic signals to the First-Lieutenant or tho Mlyht of the aristocratic Lord Delmar under the spur of the firm attachment of o sayage dog to the fox-brush deftly caught in hiscoat- talls,—these are mere trifles compared with the sacrilegious freak of tho midship- mites who could lay hands upon the persons of England’s tuture King and his Royal brother and with necdies and India-Ink ine print upon the prospective first nose in the realm the counterfelt pre§entment of an anchor,—most foul, (The accounts vary as to whether the sign was an anchor or an arrow.) No wonder that Sandringham is in mourning; that the Court physiclans held a solemn conclayd to diagnose tho casa of the Royal nosog that selentific so- cleties throughout the broad dominions of the Empress of Indian will at once debate the important question, Whether pig-skin, as such, can be made to artificially forma nose appurtenant, op- pendant, or mergant for the disfigured frontispleces of Royalty, And the Court elrcles must settle the question whether futuro courtiers shall affect the anchor of their King,—even as the courtlors of Alox- under deformed thelr own shoulders in imi- tation of what Nature had done for the sov- erelgn, Was ever realm so yexed? Will factions rally under the banner of “Anchor- Noso ” vs. “Dinin-Nose,” instead of Red Rose or Whito Rose ?—inust Edward VIL be called ou anchorite (copyright secured) by every punster yet unhung or to be born hereafter? Will the “Doyil’s tattoo” be replaced by the term “ Royal tattoo” among the British red- couts, lest majesty should fecl affronted ? ‘These are grave and serious questions! To quote from Pin-——, but no, Albert Victor could not beur it. Itis even whispered that the Firat Lord of tho Admiralty hus drafted an order that British naval offlcors shall here- atter have thelr symbols of rank tattooed upon the nose, Not that “ he who runs may read,” but rather to inculeate the yulue of tho maxim, "follow your nose," This isall very well, If America is going to settle the Irish land question, and Russia the question!n Afghanlatan and the question in Zululand, England ought to haye some- thing to think about, There ts certainly a ludicrous side to this nose questlon,—how ludierons every ono Knows,—but If the rumor be fact, not fiction, there la nserlous silo too, We bolleve it to ben mero hoax, saya revised “moon honx”; but if sucha thing could happen and 5 boy of 18, prospective helr to a great Lmpire, submit to such a preeess, every man in England ought to do his duty and see to it that no monarch with so NMttle character or diguity should occupy hor throne, Edward uilght paraphrase Richard, and offer a Kingdom for a nose,” and, if iutelllgence- offices should fail to supply the demand, then lot his yose—whethor bréad-arrowed or an- chored—cost hii his sovereignty, ANOTHER SAMELS OF MATLBOAD EXTOR- ‘The declaration of a war in rates which the Pacific Mall Steamship Company {3 re- Ported’ to have made upon Jay Gould's Union Pacilie “ federation” (to use Charles Franels‘Adams? elegunt slang) has sorved to confirm the long existence of a conspiracy between the Paciflc railroads and the steum- ship companies for robbing the public, The |‘ information thus contributed: consists of details, whereas it has ouly becn known In a general way heretofore that the ocean rates were dictated by day Gould at a figure which enabled the Pactfic railroads to exact exorbitant prices from the-public, It ls now confessed that the Stoamship Coinfiany Ing enjoyed a regular and’ heavy subsidy from the Gould clique. ‘Under the corrupt con- tract the railroads pald the Pacific Matt Steamship Company $10 per head on passen- gera that went. to Callfornta by raf] and the diferenco .between 6) tony of freight and the full capacity of each steam- er on every voyage. Under this | ar rangement. the Pacific Mall . Company placed’ its rates from two to three times a high as it was necessary In order to earn a falr profit, The Government-bullt railronds, thus released from water competition, were ablo ta charge fn the same outrageous pro- portion, and the public was plundered by cor- porations that were already fattening upon Government grants and subsidles, Tho charges exacted under this conspiracy were HO Cnhormous that shippers found {t cheaper to send goods from the Interigr to California around Cape Horn than by direct roll, "Pho rallronds thathave thusbeen swindling. the people for years are the crentures of Gov. ernment bounty. Thoy were endowed with something Hke 30,000,000 acres of public lands, Public bonds to tho amount of $56,000,000 (or enough to build their roads) were advanced to them. ‘Then tho Government accepted n second mortgage as security, which enabled the corporations to borrow as much more money from private gotirces on first-mortgnge bonds. A Credit Mobiller construction company was orpan- laed by the stockholders, which nbsorbed all the Govornment advances. More money was ralsedt on land-grant bonds and by other ex- pedlents. ‘The Government has been com- pelled to pay for ‘any services tho railroads performed, and hins been chentect of its inter- est, And, worse than all, the Government charter and the Government subsidies hava been used aan means for robbing the people, Tho Pacific Matl Company has itself been a beneficlary of huge Government grants, which ftinade a desperate and corrupt effort to continue. Meanwhile Congress, possessed of ample power under tho: charters it had granted of regulating rallroad charges, has passively pormitted this scheme of plinderto be consummated year after yenr, and the peo- ple havo been helpless, Isn’t thls single revelation more significant than all the speclous arguments that the Commerce Committes linye heard tho rail: rond attorneys deliver? Isn't tt disgraceful that Governmentshould build up monopolles and consplracles for taxing the Industry and commerce of the country? Isn't It exasper- ating that the people should appeal in vain to thelr Congressmen for protection which Congress and Congress alone has the power to provide? Isn't It mere folly for the Con- gressional Committeo on Commerce to waste time in Hstening to special pleading, vapid. theorizing, and interested, paid arguments when so practical and startling an: tMustra- {lon of rallroad abuses Js brought to their notice? ‘The combination between the Pactile Railway Companies and the Pacific Stenm- slip Company is a sample of the practical workings of Mr, Adams’ remedy, First to secure from the public the right to Ive; next to obtain broad charters and special privi- leges; then to conx and bribe rich grants of land and’ money; and, finally, after extract- ing from the public bounty all that can bo got, to combine for the robbery of the public, —that Is tho process which Mr. Adams euphonlousty calls “ federation,” There will be no enduring war between tho Pacific Railroad and the steamship compa- nies, The fight will last long enough to bring about another agreement for plunder- ing the common enemy—the public, A re- newal of the conspiracy can only be pre- vented by Nattonal legistation which shall provide adequate penultics for this and all similar combinations for extortion. Unless the present Congress shall provide the public with protection, railway extortion will be a conspicuous issue In next fall's campaign, and tho people will clect a Congress that will . do their bidding in thls matter. ee LEGAL-TENDER -DEBT-PAYING MONEY, “Tig CHIOAGO TRInONE, which docs not allow its readers to torgot for u day that itisin favor of pérpetunl greonbucks, ts prying much atten- tion to tho fancied almilarity of our Govern- mont fegul-tonder paper to Bank of England notes. In srecont article it quoted from tho Encyclopedia Britannics aa follows: ‘When the charter of the Bank of England was renowed in 1853, the notes of the Hauk of England were mado legnl-tondor everywhcro In England ox- cept at thebank.’ Tho Uritannicu goeson to commend tho monsure a8 n wise one, and wo have no disposition to dispute the pulnt, But docs Tite Tiununs understand the slgnificanco of the Inst four words of the nentonce quoted? Tho truth is, tho Bank of England cannot pay out ita own notes to Its creditora If anybody pro- fera gold. ‘Thoso notes ars not legul-tender at the bank, ‘Tunt is to say, tho ereditor has tho option. If all tho depositors in the bank were to demand gold,—na thoy might do—the bani would bo compelled to withdraw an equul amount of its notes, which could not bo refssued oxcept upon fresh dopoalts of gold. How would Tur TnBuNg recolye a proposition to make the same regulation with regard to tho greenbacks?" —Boston Advertiser, ‘The Boston organ of the demonetizers re- peats the logic which has become threadbare through vain repetition by the gold leagues of Milwaukee ond other fronticr localities. Tux Trung has endeavored to show that England and France maintain thelr suppfies of gold by protecting them with a liberal supply of other legnl-tender monoy. In Franco the gold supply is protected by $400,- 000,000 of legal-tender silyer, In England it Js protected by a supply of legal-tonder bank- notes to whntever amount may be needed, So long as the paver can be had tho gold Js never called for except for export, We are aware that the bank-note is not a legal- tender at the counter of tho bank,—that is, that no person fs obliged to take abank-note,— and that when o bank-note Is presented ‘it nuust be paid In gold, The legal-tender notes of the United States are substantially of tho sume character. Though naman may not re- fuse to accopt a greenback at the counter of the Treasury, he has only to present the note at the next counter and’ get the gold. Sub- stantially the two kinds of paper are the same in respect to thelr convertibility, Tho sidvertiser wholly misrepresents the facts when it says tho legal-tender notes of the Bank of England are secured by an equal store of gold. We linve before us the offteial statement of the Bank of England for the week ending Dee, 17, 1879. Counting $5 na equal to an English pound, we have the fol- lowing statement of the bank-notd Issue do- partinent: Notes 18UC0....eresssserseesreree by— Scoured Government debt, Othor securitioa Gold coin and bullion, TOLL essssessevssssverveyonescen ss 207 S078 Tt will bo seen that thera are $75,000,000 of legal-tender papor issued In excess of the supply of gold, Arun on the bank for gold by the presvntation of paper for redemption, If pushed to the extreme, would leave 8%, 000,000 of notes unredeemed. In this respect the greenback Is better secured, becatise, in addition to the supply of gold and sllyer coln In the ‘Treasury, the Secretary Ja authorized to sell all the bonus of tho Government necd- ed to obtain gold to malntain redemption of the notes, In Enginnd there fs never 9 rin on the bank for gold, becausa' the bank-note fs for all purposes, except exportation, equat to gokl, The only runs on the Bank of England are for legnl-tender bank-paper. It is only when the supply of this In the bank becomes low, tlreatening a scarcity, that depositors draw out, it bank-notes, not In gold; to mect this kind of an emergeney the bank retaing among Its eash—as, for lnstanco, on the ‘17th of December—about $75,000,000 in bank-notes and coin, whieli on that day was thus dlyided; Gold and silyer coin, $6,%88,775; bank-notes, $78,415,100, ‘This ts the reserve to meet calls upon-the banking department. The law of England goes much furthor than this, how- ever, $i furnishing the. country, with a supply of legal-tender paper, not protected by 8 gold deposit,’ In case of 4 run'on the bank for tegal-tender paper Money, runs to whieh the bank $8 subjec surples Is pald ont as tong as it when that polnt Is reached the (io; {5 veated with the power to Authorize bani to fssno additional legalstender not a whatever mount the exigency may le These notes are not balanced by a. depostt gold. ‘The oxtra issue of legal-tunder pa sf has no warrant but the fintat tho Gore be ment. Tho three last panies in Englanil we only arrested by thoexereise of this power Hg issue whatever sum of legal-tender paper ud needed to assure tho people thintthe supe of debt-paying money was dot oxhausted, England can get atong with gotd ag solu inetatlic money so long as she ean In circulation all the tegal-tender Day money that is demanded; without this 80 ply of legal-tender paper inoney, ang , power to Issue it to extraordinary Atnouny the Bank of England could not Mmasntal specie-payments. At the first alarm itywoulg be stranded both as to ability to Day deposi, ors and to redeem its notes. So long ag i greenbacks remain a tegal-tender, there be no run for gold, elther on tho ‘Treasury op the banks; but the withdrawal of that te tender, and the absence of a suficteney of silver, will bo followed raptdly by the ms. pension of specle-payments by every bank iy tho country, Is that what this Boston pape desires to bring about? tho oniy fet, thi Will lags vernment Muent of Col. Ingersoll’s defense of Palng consisted of combat with the Church, Whats over may be tho faults of the Church, tho Bene eral belicf is that ite extinguishment Would by acalamity tovivilizntion. Thera may be hyp» crits in ft, and falso tenchers, but its general jg. fluence fs to make men and women better, whap ever dogmas thoy may believe. It may be toe tolerant of skeptles, but Paine was intoterang, It may bo bitter in {ta warfare against Mr, Ingoraull, but Ingersoll Is fully’ as bitter faks warfare against the Church. “ Holieve ay ¥ do," anys tho Chureh, “or be damned, “Be Hove as I do,” says Mr. Ingersoll, “op w scorned," There Js nomlidte-ground for elther, At tho sate thing it must be borne fn mind tay what was “Infidelity”. {n ono ago. someting becomes, throttyh the intucnces of progresity thought and selentifie research, belief {ts alates age. Unitarianisin, which a contury ngo wy Jooked upon as blasphemy, bas now become § definit form of religious belle, with its chure ministers, and tend of thousnnds of follower, What was infidelity in Patno's day tins greatly changed, and, were ho now lying, bis Delstleal doctrines wonld be scarcely more vigorously a smiled than are those of the Collyers, Herforty, Channings, Emeraons, and Alcotts, and by tho side of Darwin, Sponcer, ‘Tyndall, Hurley, Draper, and othor leadors of selentitic thougtt, ho would be found almost orthodox, Thereis rent need of charity on both sides. ThoChurh is honest in its belief, but so 18 Ingersoll, Ig Ingersoll {a bitter against the Church, it shouldbe looked upon ns the natural outcome of the de nunefntion of one man py o multitude, If the Chureh is bittor agninat Ingersoll, ho should re member that ho bus attacked what {3 most tens derly sucred to muiny 8 human heart, Tur following resolutions were offered by aniomber of tho Kontucky Logislaturo a fey duysngo: “Witness, The Loutsville Courter-Jo the chief organ of the unturrified ‘Bomoornerat Kontucky, finally neinits, what Dr. Lute P, Blackburn does not delgn to deny—to-wit: that the Canada, Bermuda, and Havana Blackburn and the present Governor of Kentucky are os and the sume person; and, “WHEREAS, Civillzod mun justly. considers any atteiupt to spread wasting diseases In the cuinp of ancnemy as horrible and brutal iu the extremo; and, * WHEREAS, Tho serious character of delibere ately Planting and dusturdly attempting tho de struction not only of armica but whole commu: nities of innocent women and children by cline destinely collecting yellow-fever and amall-por virus from dying paticnts for tho purpose of ue complishing wholesale sluighter of cltizensct the United Stutes; thorefore, * Iesolved, That the fulrinme of Kentucky de mands a prouptand emphatic dental, ora frank, thorough, und satisfactory explanation of thts whole matter, in order td remove this stainct infamy on the reputation of Kentucky.” ‘Tho Speaker decided tho resolutions out of ore dor.’ Tho mover appented from tho decislonot the Chair, tho Speaker camo on tho floor and de feniled his ruling, and the Houso lald tho appeal on tho table. They do not! want Gov, Black burn's infamous plot proven on hin, ——_ ‘Tin: New York Tribune has been discus ing tho best and casicst way to take humana ilfe,—not that the Tribune intonds to cultiwwe that purtlowlur industry, but out of foclingyof philanthropy for criu:lnals,—sceing that over 10) persons wero hung in tho United States during the yonr 187), It bas nevordingly asked Dr Henry Nuchtel, a distinguished French pbyst+ clst, now in Now York, who says thot tho gare roto does not always kill tho first time, end could not be mide successful except In the hands of a skillful surgeon; that administeriog chloroform ylolontly ig very painful; that pros alc acid in tho oyo does not always produce la stantanzous doath, and must bo admunistercd by o physiclan; that death by strychnine 4 sometimes accompanied by terrible convulsion and great puin; und thut even electricity {snob sure, fora man in England was strick by lighte night andatripped of his clothes and many boned were broken, and yot he survived. —— Ir Mr, Beecher’s popularity 1s on the want, it wus not made manifest tho othor evenlg whon ho delivered hia tecturo at the Cooper In: stitute on amusements. Byery inh of silting and standing room was occupled, and It Isest muted that a Jurger audience outalde went Kay unablo to obtain admlssion, Mr, Beecher spoke in bis usu felicitous manner in favor of rational amusomonts, and undor that tical be classed tho riding and priving of you! bores ] playing billlards,—which ho suid was the mot gentlomunly of yutmces,—nttending theatres operas, concerta, and lectures, and suld agocd word for reading-rooms, public Mbraries, putlia parks, und the Hke, where people's minds std diverted from tho strain of their dally occupa tion. Ho aiid It was better fora man to take bs wite and children to u beor-gurdon and all enjoy the day together, than to separate and ext seek thor own onjoymunt, “He thought there would bo horses in Heaven, —— ‘Tu Impudence and curelesness of someot tho drivors of vehicles 6n the atreeta vf Chictsa ought to attract thoattention of tho police be fore some serious accident ocours involving {be loss of human Hfo, Somo of thodo fellows upon the agaumption that thoy are priviled churucters bocuuse thoy aro behind 1 spat horses, and that thoy havo a botter right to atreots and crossings than pedestrians, and thst thoy ure ut liverty to drive over any ono on! who is not quick cnough o got out of their ry; ‘They donovtuke pains to slacken the sult tholr horses oftentimes, but secin to enjoy (bo aecramblo of men, women, and children who aro fleving for tholr lives, A littte wholesome admonition in tho way of a fine for fost and carcloss drying would teach them a lessou 82 suvo limba and lye: : ee ‘Taz sudden Blaine boom In Pennsylvania that bas broken out within tho Inst four wi is not so surprising when fill tho clreumstancet are taken Intowccount, Nodoubt but thut there i¢ & gonerul royolt againat tho dlutation of 8 Cameron ring, that hus long fold sway in tho ol Koystono State, and a determination to drew away from it, and St may bo that Mr, Blaine’ cause has flouriyhed forthis reason, ut ftimust be remembered thut Me, Hleing ia a uutive Penneylvania, aud a graduate of ono of colloges, aud has not only many porsonal frieods and classmates souttored all aver tho State, Dut hus spokon in ovory prinelpal town tn it. Ho # also belloved to fuyor the protective be! that Pennsylvanians roll aux swovt morse! une? their politicul tongues, 2 —— ‘Tue New Orluans Picayune notes thes” riyal in thatcity,on the Sth Inst, em rule Moxioo, of Col... Frank W. Johnson, Ho i yeara of ago, and tho Peayune anya that be ts tha only survivor of tho herole band who recel’' tho baptisin of blood at tho fumous fortresso! tho Alumo, and fn tho fights at Rofugio In 15% being atone time in vonimand of tho Als after the death of the guwlant Milam, Hu lem gaged in writing @ history of Texas, ee Says an exchange: "It speaks well for the Braailluns that, dosplte thelr mixed blood aa defective education, the Inte riot in their CaP! should haya boen the frst sinoo 1uil, and 0 outbreak of that. year should have beon work Of forolguors, ‘Thy Minister of Was bat!