Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, September 22, 1877, Page 9

LITERATURE. A Hand-Book of the Territory g of Wyoming. Peters’ " History of Connecticut” =e=College of New Jersey, Materialism-—Law of Wills and of Car- riers---Frog and Caterpillar Btories. «How Pirates Used to Bo Hang =s-A Big Game-Llec, Art-Notes TFlora Bound Abont Ohicagos The Dog- banos—Gibraltar Fossils—An Ant-Fight, S LITERATURE, WTO.\ITNE;—TH“I“TORY. TR TAND-BOUK OF WYOMING, AND GUIDE BLACK-MILLS ©AND ~BIO-HORN TO THE REGIONS: For Citized, EMIGRAXT, AND TountsT, By Ilonrrr E. Sraanons (**Alter Ego"), of the Weatern Press. Cheyeane, Wyo- ming. 8vo., pp. 24D, The author of this voiume has produced a yalusble sud Interesting history of ouc of the young, and fertile, and marvelously-thriving Territories of the Great West, It fs compre- ‘hensive In its scope, embracing statistical In- formatton regording the surface features, climatulogy, mincral deposits, vegetable pro- ductlons, popalation, industries, and extent of the present development of the countey. It s written with the pardonabile enthustawn of 2 stizen cnpnored with tho attractions of a sngularly beautiful and wealthy reglons but a sober array of figures and facts gives n mubstantial foundatlon to its most flattering statemcnts. ‘1 he authoritative sources of most of the statistics, and the general air of candor and thorougliness pervading the work, fnvite the confidence of the reader, and yetallow him ample opportunity for tho free use of his own judgment. It was on July 23, 1868, that the nct was passed providing for the temporary government of the ‘territory of Wyoming. Federal appointments for nearly all offices in the new Territory were wade in April, 18693 and the first Legislative Assembly was organized at Cheyenne Oct. 12 of thosame year. The boundary lnes, cte., for tho Territory wero the forty-first and forty-fifth degrees of north latitude, snd the twenty-sey- enth and thirty-fourth meridians west from Washington. These included an area 355 miles long and 276 miles broad, or, In other words, of nearly 100,000 square miles. Of this area Mr, 8trahorn says that the graz- {ng lands oggregate 55,000 square miles; * while much of tho mountain-surface omitted in this estimato Is chiefly carpeted, during summer and fal), with the most succulent aud nutritious grasses. That portiou’ of the surface suscepti- ble of cultlvation comprises nearly 20,000 squara miles of bottom and uplands, Tho tiber- ares, less many extensive patehes along water- gourses in the lower valleys, is fully 30,000 squara miles,—n portion of thia covering the best grazing lands. Including the latest dls- coverles {n the northern part of her domaln, ‘Wyoming posscascs 40,000 squars mnilea of coal- lands, with vast'deposita of rich iron-ores alter- nating tn different scctions. Tho regious in which preclous motals aro known to exist pre- sent an ares of 40,000 square miles, all underly- tng the forest rogion already noted. Among otlier fmportant natura! auxiliaries aro Immense deposits *of marble, soda, plumbago, ofl-bear- Ing shale, petrolecum, and red oxidoe of iron,— ol adjacent to the linc of the Unlon Pacific Rallroud, and some of them already commence- ing to awell the wealth of the Territory’s pro- ductfons.” Avcoruing to this statement, the grazing area of Wyoming Is greater thun the cntiro area of Kentucky,—a State which owned, 1n 187 1,639,003 headl of sheep and over 1,000,000 he: of other stcck, ‘The urea of fertilo eoil suitablo to agriculture Is greater thun that of Masea- chuscttsand Connectlent united. The forests ol \Vfumlng caver more territory than those of Michizan; and the ares underlafd with conl-d pos}u excecds that of tho coul-lands iu Peansyl. vanla, The eleven chlef rivera traversing the Terrl. loxI have within {ts boundarfes a total lenzth of 4,000miles. Its two railruads now in operae tion have a length of 50O miles, while o third Is in process of conatructfon, snd work upon o fourth, leading into the Blg-Hom, Black-Tlilla, and Yollowstone reujons, will soon be com- menced. 8Ix telegraph-lines, with an ageregate leugth of 1,401 mlles, put the chict sotticments in tho Tcrrllur{ In communication with esch other and with the outer world. Tho fnanclal condition of Wryomlug fs reorescnted 08 thoroughly eatisfactory. It bas_no {ndebtedncas, but, In the wonth of July last, s surplus of $13,000 wos etored In fts Treasury. According to the ssicssmentveturns, the population” las in- creased from 14,750, in 1870, to 23,340, in 1877 aud the valuation of property has fncrease 1rom $5,500,000, in 1670, to ll.!l!.flil, n 1877, In 1870, tho productions of Wryomlng, of ever: sort, nwounted to less than $1,000,000;, in IBT, {jscatimated that they will reach o sum of ) A large amount of capltal Is Invested in stock- Talsiog, and a steady :m:m. of 25 per cent ia de- clared to bo the result, The number of cattlo and aheep owned In the Territory at the present Hme Is: Cattlo 00,000, and sheep 07,871, The comuwon method of bandling cattlo fs to pur- ¢hase In tho spring two and three year old Texaa steer: 13 und $10 & bead delivered in Cheyenne, and to scll the saine, the ensulng Year, at any of the statfons, at an averageof $¥ ;z_er Kead. Cattle, on the rich grozing lands of the ‘erritory, almost literaily tako caro of them- selyes. “They roam at will over the broad acres, the uncut grasses affording them nutritious for 8ge fn winter as well ps in summer. The ex- pense of keeping a herd of 1,000 (s reckoned for the Bfnr ot $1.75 per head ; of a hend of 5,000, at $1.40; of 10,000, at $1; and 25,000, from 43 1075 cents, Sbecp require somo attention in berd- 1o, feeding, and. ahicltering from storms,—cre- atiug " icibonse por head of 27 cents per an- pum. Witk proper fare; they return the owner a large abuual profit on {he money laid out. Capltal fuveated in the dairying busincss,with easy mausgement doubles ftsoit snuually, ' The ensa b8 citod of n dairyman who recelyed §6,540 for the vroducts of Hfs; In another nstance cited, & pet rmons S ghoass was realized from the yle‘d‘n?nc‘ll‘lwm'rgvrv:‘fgxn, singla seasan. This experienco to be du- ollcated by hundreds of dafrym, esster buse of the Rocky Moutaies, "5 e The area of fertlle land In Wyoming, bavin natural facllitles for coplous irefzation. aed sbundant materlal for fencing and butldmg in convenient proxfinity, aggrecates 20,000 square + 1uflee, or nearly 13, acres. 1¢ 48 adapted to the growtliof the cereals aud the croj and truitsof the Temperate Zove. Tha warke withe in the Territory for products of the soll iy shown in the statement that potatoes command a8 average of two cents per pound through the entire year, turnips ons to thres vents, onlons threa ta six cents, cabbaize three to seven ceats, and -other garden-produce in proportion, In Junsol the curreut year, rumuu s0ld in Dead- wood, 13' the wagon-load, for from 12 to 20 cents A pound, and turnips at 10 cents. Small fruits everywhere command prices that lusure a com- Ppeteuce to the producer. Tho report of the Department of Agriculture for 1875 zave 5,000,000 ucres as the srea of forest- land iu Wyoming; but Mr. Strahorn contends that ihls " estimate s much too low, the Territory seally coutalulog sbore 15,000,000 acrcs of furest-land, from nearly every acro of whith an averaga amoun of tiber can be cut. The specics of wood cov- eriog the mountaiua aud blulls are chietly plur, Spruce, cedar, Ur, and_hemlock; and along the gnler-cuutlu are cuttonwood, blwk asb, avd ;lx—fldur. It s culculated that the production '\’v»-’ifh'ififi'wfi'l‘" tlllrtullh frow the forests of 1l amou el of $10i g ut the preseut year to tue ul‘ uselng by tliu extonded accounts of the man- ‘hugfi:mz Luterests of Wyoming, we note, in nl‘ ‘l Yur ou Climatology, that the ayverage 8 ‘ll: s about fourteen fuches annually, De- lpbtn s llmited ratn-fall, the country is not ]:u‘ ect to drought, and by trrigation tho arable \:l;h can be abundantly “acd cheably supplicd ul molsture. There are lewclunfii days, und, tonog from sizxto eight montbs of the Scar, 3 n"w Is very tittle cvaporatlon,—consequcutly YaagRe of dally tempcrature fs greal, A L l}uu o140, 50, aud even 60 degrecs, is fro- ‘}“:M w o uoted within 34 hours. However Ot tay be the days, the pights are coolund ro- - The difference In tem perature bxtweon winter and aunmer {3 not «o reat a3 ft {5 east of the Missourl, The high winds prevailing thronghout the Territory are an unpleasant teatstre of the elimate, yet hurrleanes are neser knowa ta occur, s 1t 18 cteimed by Mr, Strahorn that Wyoming Is one of the most healthy countrlesinthe West, amd that jt 1s esprciall orable for suchins have atendeuey to hung. ase, Consumptlves n the cardy &tazea of the malady are apeedily ben- cliterd by the extremendrynessof the atmosphere; but, wiien the didcaze i< advanced, Its fatal Ler- mination fa hastened by theairof these elevated plalns. The dlscases most comman to the vountry are calarrh, quinsy, brounchitls, *bil: fous attacks," aud a spweles of remittent fever, called “mountain fever,"—which is severe and fdigenous. ‘Typhold fever is rare, and then- matiamn and ncuralgla not commoan, A species of brain-nilection, developed before birth, proves fatal to mauy children before they have com- pleted their second year. nowicement creales ' reasonal the wholesomeners of u climato that predisposes the offapring of the iman race to a fatal discase of the brain., Asthimna [s said to be nvariably cured or greatly remedled by a residence in Wyouiing; but oranic diseases of the heart, and chronlc diseases peculiar to ‘women, ar¢ made worse. In treating of the condition of soclety In ‘Wyoming, Mr, Straliorn sttests that the experi- micht of ailuwing women the rights of su rage has proved emineotly successful. Ewght years’ experience has demonstrated that the influcn of women * hias done mich to refine the nolitics of the Territory, amd to divest them of thelr ob- Jectionalls featurea. Al lovers of law and urder, of whataver political, falth, acknowledge the benetits of womaa's reflning luftuctice tnour local governnent,” An nu extremne [llustration of the rapld growih of vities and tutwns tn this lavored Territory, we rencat a few facts relating to the Infant town of Deadwood, Tt {s well known that this Is the present objective point of all who journey to the Black Hills. The site ol the town was lald out in April, 187, 1t now lias a population of between 6,000 and 7,000, Over §1,000,000 has been expended fu buildinus and impravements; over 200 shops and mercan- tile houves had been opengd prior to July 15, 1877, some of which are dolng an enorinous business; two suw-mills are runntng nlght and day to furuleh Inmber for butlding purposess three larga broking-housce, over thirty butels aud eatlug-hotises, and seventy saloons and Lmnbling-huuees are In prosperous operations three dafly nemp:Pt:rs and three wecklivs are regularly published; two churches, scveral large hails, and a goud bathing-huuse are amony the 1,500 butldives alrcady on the ground: and a fiue aystem of water-works and an effliclent fre- department have been provided, lu view of the diversified und exbaustless re- sources of Wyomning, the fast rate at which It is belngz develoved, and the opportunities it offers the Industrions and enterprising for a comfort- able livelihood, if not for the accumulation of a furtuue, there s & strong tmpulse to ring o change on the favorite. exhortation of Horaco Greoloy, and cry out with equat lervor, “Uo to Wryomlng, young maul o to ¥ vomfmzl" It proulses to be tua Paradiso of the vapitalist aml of the workingzman; and, If the faces of the myriad tramps roaniog up and down the land could be set toward It, the result would un- doubtedly he good for them and for those who remain behind. With all the rest of his uscful fuformatlon, Mr. 8trahorn presents advice con- cerning routes to and through Wyoming, and un account of the nvcessary expenscs to be in- Jurred by the traveler. PETERS? ** HISTOILY OF CONNECTI~ CcuU1.” THE REV. SAMUEL PETERS' (LL. D.) GEN- ERAL HISTORY OF CONNECTICUT, FROM 118 FIRST KETTLE: T UNDER GEORGE FENWICK TO 1T8 LATEST PERIOD OF AMITY WITIL GIREAT BRITAIN PRIOR TO TIIE REVOLUTION, Ty a Gentleman of the Province, London: 1781. To which Aro Added Additions to Appendix, Notes, etc., by Sauvrs Janvis McConnick, New York: D). Appleton & Co. GChlcago: Jansen, McClurg & Co. 1tmo., pp. 285, Price, 81,00, The * Ilistary of Connecticut,’ by the Rev. Samtiel Poters, which has from {ts first publica- tion been the subject of bitter censure and con- troversy, has been reproduced, with notes and additions to the appendix, by a descendant of tho antior, The hook was originally publlshed n London in 1781, Lut its statements were so distasteful to thepeople of Connecticut that tho edition broughttothis country was destroyed,— publicly burned, as the cditor bellevos,—whilo tho Court prohibited the republication of the work In the State, Copics of the book consc- quently became rare, and In March, 1877, at a salo of old works, a sinzle number of the history brought the sum of $115, ° Thoauthor of the work was born in Hebron, Conn., in 1735. At the ageof 23 he went to England to be ordatned to the priesthood of the Eplscopn! Church; and two_ years Iater return- ed to his nativo town, where he was Installed as Rector of IIcbron and Hertford. For fourteen years nhe fulfilled the duties of his position to the content of his parlshifoncrs. .On the break- ing-out of hostilities between the Colonies and the nmmnr-(.'oumr{, Mr. Peters aahered to the British Government, and, by tho use of his Iy- fluence in support n! the measures taken to sé- cire payment for the teas destroyed In Boston Harbor, mada bimself so obnoxious tu the com- munity that he was obllged to flea for safoty to mzland, Judging simply from (he tone of the 4 History,” which Mr, Peters wrote while In Londoun, It might be inferred that he took a petulunt pleasure in recording testimany un- favoruble tu the [ntegrity and fair-mindedncss of the Colonists. They are made to appear, In most of theae tranaactious, us a set of bigotod, ignoble, varrow, and not over-honest men, whom {t Is diflicult to rezard with auy degres ot reapect, It s mot surprising that (he book provoked the animosity of the Colonists, and sccured for {tsclf tha public dishonor of an auto-du-fe. It lias been asseried that tho alleged **Bluc Laws of Conoectleut," {nserted by Mr. Peters fn the body of his history, had no existence save in his {nveotive brafu,”* Mr, James Ham- mond Trumbull bas lately published a hook aiming to show what were ‘tha true Bluo Laws of Conuecticut, and to prove that those pub- lished by Mr. Peters were false. As the fittest response to Mr, Trumbull’s etfort, the work of the proscribed Rector ot Hebron {s now ropub- tished, that the public may possess themselves of the argument on both sldes of tho question. Only a few curtous inquircrs will care to make & Enrucullr cxamivation of the points In dispute, ut the geveral student of Amerieun history will look uver Mr. Petors' quaint, testy ace count ot the carly settleuents fn Counecticut, with gratided intercst. MATERIALISM, a BTORY OF MATHERIALISM, AND CRITICISM "})l? 118 PRESENT IMPORTANCE, By Fusoe xiuox ALnzut Laxax, Late Professor of Philos. " vphl in the Univarsities of Zurich and Marburg. Autlionzed Tranelation by Enxgst Cussten Tuosas, Late Scholsr of “Trinlty College, O3+ ford. ln Thi Volumes, Vol. L oston: Jamea It. Osgood &Co, Chicago: Hadlev Iizos. #va., pp, 330, ' Price, $3.50, The present work is intended to form the firet of & serics to bo known as *‘Tho English sud Forelgn Plilosophical Library.” It is a handsame tribute of confidence in the Ameri- can public to offer 4 succession of works of such o character, though 1t remains to be secn whether the public will reciprocate the compli- ment, The present materialistlo, tendency of phil- osophical thought is recoznized and conciliated in offering o history of Materialism ss the open- ing work of tho series. The author, though well known in his own country, has little En- gllsh or American reputation. To Profs, Hux- Icy and Tyndall {s due the credit of having fArst called attention in England to the German savant, lo wasthe son of tho venerable Dr. J. P Lange, g0 well known by his Commentaries oa the different books of the Bible; and bis life ‘Was speut In alternately teaching, sud oditiog s uewspapor. His chief permaneut contribution toliterature was his *Geschichite des Material- hmnl'f" the first yolume of which Is now before us. ‘Tho trauglation of the eatire work will bo ¢pmvloted in two mors volumes, Tue author, in the prefuce to his second eui- tlon, modeatly statce that he fatended s Lis- tory 10 by transicut rather than permanent in its cffect, aud would have beon quito content had it been fargotten fa the courss of five years. Tho result has 'been contrary to his anticipa- tlon. Five years were requlred to make the ;::nllrl uown, and it was mever fu greater de- uan when It was out of print. This trat volume, belng little more th‘n’m an futroduc. tlow, scarcely” showed eoough of the scope and drift of ihe. whols work to vermit & just criticlam. 8ull, we learn from It that the aughor, while a believer in Materialism, 1s uot cuntent with the degradiog and scnsual nutions Lhat philosophy too often is made to teach, He reaclics out after tho higher truths shadowed forth in the ablest of the materiallatic writers, aud In this efort 8ods many new beau- tiea In the best of Democrituy, “Aristipous, Ewpedocles, and the rudv lines of Lucretius, The autbur does not profcss to esunclate an ortginal .{.umfiaut slmply to be & blstorian of old theor! critlcisis, howerver, un the ixulxuclal doaslnu o(“ mfi‘uulru, are uteresting an Ll udzmens quick aud accurate, , sud his " azalysce cleac and generally comprehenttye, Thare are a few raseazes (hat are very ohseure,—part)y, verhiaps, osine to the subject, ‘Ths author s, Alzo, himzell so well acqualated with bis th-me that bic often forzetato lustruct the Jess learnei realer in his effort to convince bfin. On the whale, hawaver, Prof. Lauge's work {s by far the hest history—indend, the only extended bis- tory—of Materialism that has et heen pro- dued. The translation Is cxcellent, and the atyle lively and lucld, — TAW OF WILLS, THE LAW OF WILLY: Exanrscisn Tnz Pnonare OF WILLA AND THY. BLTTLRANENT OF EaTATES; THY DiTiRe 0P EXRCUTONA. ABXINISTRATONY, AND OtuEn TeaTaMexTAnY ThUATERS. iy Tsasn F, eppietn, LL.D, Vol I1L Third Edition, ty Estended and Impraved. _Hoston: 1At rown & Co. Chicago: E. B, Myera. Bvo., lawcl., pn. 700, The work of the late Judge Redfield on Wills 18 tuo well known to need any review at this time. 1t hns taken its place as the best work on the subject, and it descrves that place. The present is the thinl editlon of the third volume, and has bLeen very much en- larged. This volume i, to a certain extent, a work by Itself, on the probate of wills, and the dutfes of executors and adminisirators, Though, as the author says, {t Is chiefly pre- pared for the active membera of the legal pro- feanion, it will glve casential ald to all connected with,the settiement of estates. Tho author stales In Nis preface, which was writton shorily hefore his death, that ho considered Lhis, his Iast and nest work, ns complcte as it conlid be made within any reasonable compars, and coutalning all that could be fairly expected. This I abundantly proved Ly tne following sununary of contents: The Probate of Wills: The Appolntineut and Duty of Execntors and Administratora; The Eatnle of Exceutors and Adminlstrators; Remedies by Execntors and Administrators; Proceedings by Fxeentors and Administrators; Remedies’ Azainst Executors, ete.t tiifts Mortis Cousa: Macshaling the As- setey Rights of the Widow; AHowances (o Ex- ecutor, cte,, and Disteibution; Guardianship, and Testamentary amd Other Trustees, A copl- ous Index, with numerous cross-references, has also been prepared to this volume, ELEVEN QU ONS, FUOTTRE RELIGIOUS POLI OF AMERICA: A Dircranay or KLEYEN GREAT Living Ques. Tion, Uy Wintiax iLgr larsran. Cincin- - nati: Hidchcack & Walden, #va,, pp. 218, ‘The eleven questions discussed (u this Jittle wolnme are: *Carrclations of Law and Provi- dence "5 *Observations on the Relizious Con- dition of the World"; * Protestanism—Its Nature and Needs'; ''Bkentlenl Thoupht 'y “ Homanism "4 Unsolved Rellg- fous Problem™; *Temperance™; ! Pricst- bood o the Pouple": '*Amerlcan Mintstry 5 * Material Alds "5 and *“Inner Choreh.L The author desls with these :‘ncnlnna in a serfous and errnest manner, —his object belne to show that the only soli, lasting advancement of the world {8 to be found in conformity with the teachings of the Chrls- tian rellglon, Ho deprecates the materfalistic and skoptical teadencles of the age, and urges Chiristiaus to forget thelr quarrcls over the non-essential dogmns of creeds, and unite in holplng mankind up to & higher, broader, purer level.” The tone of the work I8 eminently candid, and, though contaln- ine little that is ‘new, treats [ts subject clearly and impressively. COLLEGE OF NEW JERSEY. HISTORY OF TIIE COLLEGE OF NEW JEISEY, FROM ITS ORIGIN IN 1740 T0 THE COM- MENCEMENT OF 1834, By Juix . Teonth President of the.College, Vala. I. and 11 Philadelphla: 3. B, Upvlucott & Co, ' Chi- sago: ladloy Bros. & Co.” 8vo., pp. 414-410, Price, $7. The office of Historian of the College of New Jderzey has been very falthfully performed by the suthor of these two volumes. The viclasi- tudes through which the institution Yins passed, from Its foundation In 1746 to the Inauguration of Its tonth President in 1854, are rclated with palnstaking clrcumstantiality. The plan of the work Includes a sketeh of the life aud labors of gach successive Presidont ot “tho College, fol- Towing the detailed account of Lis adminiatra- tion of the affairs of the school, By this method an agrecable {ntermingling of history and blog- raphy fs Frcunlcd. and the record of the progress of the institution Is made complete, LAY OF CARRIERS. A TREATISE ON TIHE LAW OF CARRIERS OF QOODS AND PASSENGERS, BY LAND AND WATER. Dy Joszen K. ANogri, Fifth Edl- tion. Ilovised, Corrected. and Enlarged, by Jonx Latunor, of the Doaton Bar, Ioston: Little, Brown & Co, Chicago: E. B, Myors. 8va., pp. 704 It s nine years since the fourth cditlon of “Angell on Carrlers’ appearcd, aud during that thne, of coursc, the Iaw on this subject has been greatly - extonded - The -present edition . cong, tains 500" additional reported cases, and forty- four pages of new matter, bringing the volume down to May laat. Tho new matter bas ulso most senaibly been Incorporated in its place in thetext, instead of added in foot-notes,~mak{ng the work easter of refercnce. A short list o forms {s added, but the collection of the statntes of the United States rezulating passcnger ves- scls and steamboats hus been omitted,—those laws having been lately published separately, STAR-ATLAS, A NEW STAR-ATLAS FOR THE LIBRARY, THE &CHOOL, AND THE ODSERVATORY, In Twelve Circalar Maps. By Riciann A. Proc. 7om, I, A. Camb,. Anthor of **The Sun," elc. Fifth Editlon. New York: G. P. Puloam's Fons, Chicago: Jansen, McClurg & Co, Price, 32, ‘Tho large Btar-Atlas of Mr, Proctor is here preacnted fo & reduced form for the convenlence of students, It is specially intonded to accotn- pany Mr. Webb's treatise entitled * Celestial Objects for Common Teleacopes.” The letter- press introduction teachies the beginner how to compare tho beavens with the maps of the At- 1as, and thue bo enabled to identify all tho stars of the first five orders of magnitude. + JURISPRUDENCE, Heron on Jur{spradence,~—published by Sum- ner, Whitney & Co., Ban Francsco, and Hord & Houghton, New York,—which has alroady been noticed, has also been received from E, B, Mycrs Co.y L'mugu 12mo, — . __BOOKS RECEIVED. VEST-POCKET _BERIES. THE NATIONAL BONGS OF SERVIA, Translsted lq OwEeN Menzpirit, A RIVERMOUTH ROMANCE. 1 Tuonas Bastsr Auvmica, Ilusirated, MIS! MEHITABEL'S BON. ll( TizoMas BAILEY AL~ IHastrated, LOCKSLRY HALL; anp THE TALKING OAR. H{ ALrnen TENNYEON, Hllostrated, THACKERAY: 1iis Litanany Ca- RESR. 12‘1 Joun Huoww, 3. D. Tlusirated, Doston: James R, Osgood & Co. Chicagu: Jan- aen, McClurg & Co, _Price, 50 cents per volume, THE QUEEN'S FAVORITE: on, Tus Prics oy ACnowx: AN Histonical Rowaxcs or tus Fire TraxTH CextunY. Philadelphla: T. B, Peter- son & Uros. icago: _Hadley Bros, & Co. 12mo,, pp. J04. ~Price, § 2 ‘l'llAUKl-:YKAY'I 18I SKETCH-BOOK. With T -eight lllustrations, DBy tne Author of nity Falr," etc. PhllaJeiphls: T, B, on & Bros. Chicsgo: Lsdley Bros, & Co. Paper. - Price, 76 conts, % PUTNAM'S ADVANCED-RCIENCE SERIES. A MANUAL OF INORUANIC CHEMISTRY. Val, II. Taa Metats, Ly T. E. Tuones, Ph, D., ', . 8,, Profossor of Chemlstry in the Yorke ahire College of Science, Leed: Now_Edition, With Coplous Index. and Examinstion-Question and Exercises, w York: U, P, Putnaw’ Hons, Chicago: Janeen, McClurg & Co. 1fimo., po. 408. Price, §1.60. S TIE JUKES": A 8oy inCruwn, Paurkiion, DissAsE, aNvliEneDiTy. Also, FURTHERSTUD- ix8 o7 ClaxINaLe. L. Duopax. With an Introduction by EI.{IIIA Haxuie, M, D, Third Edition, Revived,” New York; G. P, Putoam'y ns. 1 Co. 12mo, Chicsgo: -{IMOII. McClurg. DE. 121, Price, § THE POLYTECHNI Corrscrion or Music ro; Bcnmui clli i -.flu: ('}‘I.:lll. camol!sd 1t L L. Bunwar sudal, w:r‘:;lu?nh’:n York: A. 4. Darase & 'Co. 25, Bvo. Price, $1.25 AMERICAN HISTORY FOR S8CHOOLS, Accom- nied with Numerous illastrations from Original B‘Ol'lnl and Colored Maps. By Q. P, Quacke. N80, LL. D., Authorof ** An Eoglish Gram. mar, New York: D, Appleton & Co. Chiv cago: Jansen, McClul Co. 12wo,, pp. 3 THE WAY OF LIFE: A Ssavice-Boox ron 5 Scuoots. Compited by Fuspesick L. Hosxxzi. New York: Q. ¥, Futusm's Sons; Chicsgo: Jansen, McClurg & Co. 16mo., pp. 110, Price, 75 ceats. . VILLAGE-IMPKOVEMENTS AND FARM-VIL- LAGES, By Ugonus EoWaRixd,dw.. Conralting for Sanltary and Agncultural Works, . Osgood & Co, Chicago: Jan- Co. 18mo., pp. 200, Price, 75 cenls, TOM BAILEY'S ADVENTURES; on, Tu Srowy ar 4 Bav Boy. By Tnoxas BaiLxy ALpricu, Tllustrated. Fiftecnth Bdition. Boaton: James It Usgood & Cor: Chicayo: Jabiea, McClurg & CO. 'aper. Price, cents, S0ME GENERAL IBEAS CONCERNING MEDI. CAL REFORM. By Davio Huwr, M.D. " Boa- ton: A. Wililama & Uo, 8q. 8v0,, pp. 80, 3 —— PERIODICALS RECEIVED, WARPER'S MAUAZINE for Octover (Harper & Brothers, Nuw York). Contents: **Mytown, by Hows Terry Cooke (with tonays * Ijaatisg the Walzua, by W. L. Alden (with four Mustrations): + ‘The Life York ¥lromus. " by Willam L. eighteen illnstratfons); ¢ Girl (Foem), by Fsuole R. P-hnson; ** The Cam- pogm of Burgoyas, ¥t . L. Lecaé (with' (- man** teen ilustrations) s 44 On a Ml & B, Uhiliipe awith three Hlnsteatic of (lasnical ehoole,*" Part 11, by Huorace Sendler 1with eiznt illasteations):” ** Fabriea (Porm). by Edgar Faweett: * From firusa to Constantiziopte.” by €, G, W. Denjamin (vith twenty-onn 'Itlustrationar; - The *HomesCon- eart * (Paemy. by Mary D. Drinejowith one 11 tration); *+ Haepberey Inland. * by Constance ¥, Woalenn; ** Populsr Expoeltion of fnma Sclen- tifle Experiments, Part V11 —Bornine(ilaerny and Mireors, " by John W, Draper (with tifteen 1 i Erema: or, M{ Father's Sin,* t. 1. Diackmore: ** The [teeular Army of ited States, b{flen ficorge 5. M'CI ** Edlior's Easy Cha ‘¢ Pditar's rary Itecord; " 0% Eiditor's Sefensific iecord; ™ ++ Fdltn Historieal Hecord:™ ** Editor's " (liuntrated), A 'S MONTIILY for October (Reribner & w York), Contents: **Jlaw New York eld " (Hlusteated), by Willlam 1AL Last ! (1llustrated), by M. Wan! flu Mintnen, * con¢lavion ({1nsteated), by J.G. Tolland; **A Yankce Tar and Jiis Priende* Hinsieated), by Mrs. Armatranzs ** The n." by Lucreca: ran " (Iflastrated). by Fran L'oet's Art," by Charler T, Daz Tozgery ** (lllnstrated), by Clarence Cook; 4 Hyx Tnheritance: ¥ IIL. (Tllaatrated), by A+ lineTrafton: **An Autumnfong," by E. Nor. man Gunniszons ‘¢ Cheiatisnity' and ‘Thonght."” hy George 8. Merriam: In Past-OMce APpo Intmenta, ' by an e: [ Congrens; !'Clematis,'" by Mary ‘*ltipe Corn," by €. L. Cleavelands e Uhantey, ™ by James T, McKay: ¥ ood- binea in Gctover,'™ by Charlotte F. Baten; 2 The I"n!{lm (THioxi rated), hy Mree, BB, Herrick; T A e Sonz,*' by Mrs, E. D. R. Tisnciredl; **Topics of the Time and Kaciety *+ho Worki Wor Ol Cabinet;™ * Culture and Progs a-Trac (Vllustrated), GALAXY for Ortaber (Sheldon & Co., New York). Conten ** Administration of Aoraham Lin+ calti,” br Qldeon Wellea; **Weotng, " by M. I, yhall the American (iir] fie Chaperoned? by Albert Rlindess *' Strange Adventure of Lieut. Yerznnof, ™ feom the French of Ivan Tonrzue- nefl, by A, Venner: and Requeats, ' by 11 by Mary Alnze De Vere: <Testamentary Benueste . C.i *Untecognized, 3 ¥ Mlsw Misanthrope,™ (.'nh-f»{:'“ NXXIV. toend, Ly Jortin McCarthy; “ c Tl Qaeation,” hy lHorace White} nval Wartasocnmt and Atmor oe 5 PAlencan—A Siory," by Edwin Forreat—An " by Lawrence of the Dola- ity Ttead * by Kate A. Our'Near Neighbor, " by Charles W, ¢ Driftwood," Ly Philip Quilibet; Miscellany. * MOURNAL for Ogtober (D, Applo- ew Yotk). Contents: Frontlspleca otiner Lake: ** With Wheeles In the with six (llustrations), by Willlam H. * * Possuny'—1 can ' (Poem), by Liz- W. Champney: **A Struggle—~A Story of the . Franca-German War,™ Tn Foar Parts, Parta 1. and V., by Bamet Phillipa; ** Wito Women of the Epst—An Essay on Famona Women of lls. Mary Wagner-Fisher; ** Prophecy ™ (otm), by Nura Fore utof London: Vill, g teOur Wi Son; AN | Rudolph Lindau; **The Friends 11, —Mucking- Birds anil Niehtingl illuatration), Ly Georgo Lowell Austin ** ltex Tacarthy, " by Amelis E, Tarr: **Good Boha- by Charles Carroll; *'Cherey Ripe!™ NXXIL-XXXIV., by liclen ). Mathers; ith Couture the Painter," by Sasan N, Car- ters ‘‘Ny Celta’a Arbor™ (with two Hllustra. tions), Chaps, 1V.-VI.. b( Walter licaant and Janics Ttice: * A Night {n the Garden. " by 3. E, 'A Word with Many" (Poem), by . l‘hlli *'Poctry aa o Fine i ctty ‘' The Ribbon of Honor, The Comlc Musa*": I —'* Yanki ) Francls O'Connor; 11.— latch™ (Poot), by i Poem), ‘Amaleur pclfl A SThe ]:)l(l Marblo; ' Editor's Table;" **Booksof tho Day, C‘\T!ml.l(! WORLD for Octaber (Catholic Pub- r w York), Contents: **The Outlook fn_Italy:" =~ **A Mountain-Frlend ** (pocw); ** Ron adour; " ¢+ A Sllent Court- -er;' ) Criminals and Thelr Treatments ** ** Iteligion In Jamalcay™! ** Marguerite:" ¢ The Dells * poem); ** Qur New Indlan Policy and Ticligious Liberty;" **%t. IHedwige;* ®* Tha Character of the Presont Industral Crisia « ¥*The Last Pligrimage to Mount Saint-Michol; " New Publicaiionn, " RICAN LAW REGISTER for Seplember (D, . Canfleld X Co.. Philadciplia), PI;,{\\IL\IACI’!T for September (Chlcago College of ArmACY ). LITTELL'S LIVING AQGE—Curront nanmbers (Littoll & Oy, Boston). FAMILIAR TALK. ANCIENT CONNECTICUT. * The History of Connecticut,” by the Rev. Bamuel Peters, which §s noticed in another col- umn, relatos some curlous fncidents in the ex- perfence of the early scttlers In the Amrrican Coloales, which arc futeresting In the light they throw upon the atate of tho world’s knowledze 100 years ago, and upon the capaclty of an_in- tellicent community Lo ¢ luterprel the ordivary phenomena of Nature.” Tn a sketeh of the dif- forent towns'of Connccticut as they existed previous to thé Revolution, Mr, Peters recounts the following amusing event fn the history of Windhara: _43trangers are very much terrl- fled,” snys the historian, * at tho hidcous noise made on sumner-evenings vy the vast number of frogs I the brovks and ponds. There are about thirty different volec among them, some of which rescrublu the bellowing of a bull. Tho ieation Soctety, owls and whippoorwllls complets the rough concert, whith may be heard scveral miles. Persons accustomed to such scrouades arc not disturbed by them at tholr proper stations; but, one night In July, 1758, the frogs of an artiicial pond, three miles aquare, and about tive from Windham, finding the water dried up, ieft the place in o body, and marrhed, or rather hopped, towards Winnoman- tic River. They were under the nocessity of taking the road aund golux through the town, which they entored about midnight. The bull- frugs wera the leaders, and the pioers followed withont number. They fllled the road, forty vards wide, for four milea in length, and weré, for several hours In passing through the town, unusually clamorous, ‘ The inbabitants were equally perplexed and frightencd: some expected to find an army of French and Indlans; others feared an earth- quake, and dissolution of Nature. The cune sternation was universal. Old aod young, male and female, fled naked from their with worso alirickings than those of the frogs. The event was fatal to several women, The 'men, after a flight of ball & wile, in which they met with many broken shivs, fluling no cnemies in pursult of them, mnade a hait, and summoited resolution enough 1o venture back to thelr wives and children, when they distluctly heard from the onemy’s camp these words: Wight, Hilderkin, Dler, Tete. This last, thoy thought, meant treaty, and, plucklug up cour- ave, they sent n trjumvirate to capitulate with tho supposed French and Indians. These the men approached fn their ahirts, and begged to speak with the Uencral; pat, it belog dark, and no answer giveo, thoy were sorely agitated for some time betwixt hope und fear; st length, huwever, they discovered that the dread faimical onumy was an army of thirsty frogs going to the river for a llttle water. * Buch an incurslon was never known before nor sinces and yet tho people of Windhamn have been ridleuled” for thetr timidity on this occa- slon. 1 very bellevo that an armny under the uke of Murlborough would, under lke circun- s, have ucted o better than they did.*? ‘'oshow that tho Windhamltes wers no more cowurdly or superstitious than other communi- ties In the Colony, Mr. Petors goes on to relate that *In 1754 the inbabltants of Conuecticut River were ss much slarmed by an army of caterpillars as those of Windham were at the frogs, und no vue found reason to jest ot their fears. Thosa worms came {n one night, und covured the earth, on both sides of the river, to so extent of threo miles fu front and two In depth. They marched with great specd, and cut up everything green for the spave of 10 miles, in_splte of rivers, ditches, fires, and the united efforts of 1,000 ien. ey were, in gen- eral, two Inches long, bad white bodles, cosered with thorps, sud red throats, When lm:{ had flnished their work, they went down the River Connecticut, where they dled, 1sonlug the waters, until thoy were washed foto the sea, This calamity was imputed b sowe to the vast number ‘of logs au trees lying in the crecks, and to cluders, smoke, and fires made to cousume the wastc wood for 300 or 400 wlles up the Connecticut River; while others thought it Juaugurated futuru ovils, stk lar to thoss of Exypt.” Tho inhabitants of the verdnionta would' undoubtedly have pertshed with famine, fu consequeace of tho devastsgjon of theso worms, had not a remarkable Provi- deuce filled the witderneas with wild pigeons, which were killed by sticks us they sat upon the vranches of the trees, tu auch multitndes that 20,000 prople lived on them (or three weeks. & natural cause may be assigued for the coming of thu froze aud caterplltars, yet the visit of the pigeons o the wilderness In” August has been necessarily ascribed: o the faterposition of Tu- tinite Power and Goodness. Happy will it be for America {f tho smlling providence of Heaven produces gratitude, repentunce, aud obedivoce amonget ber childien " ART-NOTES, F. H. do Haas s concluding a transcript of & sunset off the lals of Wight. Goupil & Co. kave produced & photo-engrav- fog after Kammeser's # The TiNL" M. Francais bas just cowpleted two large paintiogs for the Ohurch of the ‘Trinity in Parls. Ona ropresents tho expulsion of Adsm sud Eve om and tho other tho Baptism of Christ in tho Jordan. M. Francals bas hitherto malntained a hizh rank as a landscapepainter, but in these two pictures e has proved himself a skliiful delineator of the human fignee, T. 1. Beard {s ocrupled with a nleture repre- scnting & grayhound and a apaniel at play, with & shattered vase brtrn}'lnz a plece of mischief due to one of them. “Who Broke ItP {s tho title of the pleture, The 8liah of Persia has presented to the Bouth Kensigton Museum a collection of mod- ern catpets and embrolleries, which fills the large cases. The carpéinnre from Kuydlstan, Feraghan, Ghain, and Meahed, and the greater part of the embrolderics, mostiy in chain-stitch, are from Resht. During the past elght years, Mile, Sarah Bernhardt, the gifted l’gennh actross, has been studylng the art of the -scniptor, although she Das only lately vxhibited the products of her vursuit. At the Parls Salon of 1578 she pur- ueen to exhibit the bust of an emincent journal- st, and alsu au_fmsginative work on which she is now engaged. -Her last group represents Mcdea turning from the murder of one of her chiliren, in search of f1a father, on whom to wreak the remalnder of her terrible vengeance, ‘The expression of flerce, direfal revenge in the fare of Medea fs said to bo brought out with wonder(ul force. The Court-Theatre at Dresden i now so nearly finlshed that tho possibllity of Its belng nrcued before tho close of the year Is contem- plated. A number of prominent German painters and Aculiplurl are engazed In {ts orna- mentatlon. Prof, Grosse is palnting on the ceiling scenes from the life of Dionysos; and Choulant, Gartuer, Mohn, Muller, nid athers are Alling the vestihules and Interfor with land- £capes and varied pictorial decorations, Schil- ling's colossal group of **Dionysos and Arfalne” will adorn ‘the maln entrance, and elght additfoual groaps will stand adown the #tde-colunnades, * Niviies In the intenior will be oceupled with seulptures, §n one of which Hultach’s “* Amor and Payche ™ 1s to be piaced. A’Venlee publisher I8 reprodueine by the heliotype proccss some of the lace-pattern hooks of the sixteenth and seventeenth *centu- rics, which have long boen lmaceessible to the student, from thelr bigh prico and rarity. The Rulens festival, being the tercentennial celebratfon of the birth of ttis great painter in the City of Antwerp, was an eapeelally magnifi- ceut affalr, If we may trust thc reporta of numcrous correspondents, ‘The entire populare engaged with enthuslasin In the eeremonlals sod merrymakings of 1he oecasion, and the fiouses and streets were brilifantly decorated with flow- ers, evergreens, and bunting. A number of triumpbal arches were erccted fu the principal thorouglitares, several of which were noteworthy for the beauty of thefr design and ornamenta- tion, . One of the promincnt features of the festival was w historical procession, in which vostumes and customs of the age of Rub¢ns were admirably represcuted. ‘The city was thronged with crowde of happy townslfoik and peasantry, adding to the gayety of the scene by thelr bright hollday-ntaire. Concerts, balls Ietures, cavaleades, and filuminations fliled every hour of the days ' aud nights given to the celebration, and never be- foro in the bistory of Antwerp has the city abandoned fisclf more combletely to the enjoyment of fun und festivity, As it has been lately pro ved without question that Rubens firat opened his eyes to the Jight In the City of Ant- werp. its cltizena Kave felt a redoubled pride fn honoring the 300th unniversary of his birth, i ENGLISII HOMES. Aletter from & Chicago lady, who has been speuding the weeks of a summer's vacation vls- Iung fricnds in Uristol, Eng., fucnishes one or two pleasing pletures of Engfish homes, which we sball not be violating confldence In sharing with our readers. ** [ can “hardly ex- plain,'” hegins the first sketeh, * the diference hetween Enzlish homes and Amerlean, unless that In our better houses you are firat {inpressed with thelr luxury, and here it s with their com- fort. For Instance, In one wo visited, we drove up ta the door, an one stde of which was a mag- niflcent conservatory, and entered first a vestibule, then a large hall with lounges, and hot-house plauts on standards, into a larze drawing-room opening with low windows upon n lovely garden, with vejvety lawn, fine old trecs, aud brilliant flowers. Flowers were everywhere, too, about the room. ‘The wilstress, o malden ludy o1 perhaps 85 or 40, In her tasteful cap (for the ladies ull wear caps), wakihg lace, was a pretty pleture. The room, with its casy lounges and low chalrs, had n rest- ful alr; and the chilna—I almost held my- breath wihen the tea-tray was brought In, with its cx- quisito and costly service, of which no two plecea were altke. " Aud near me stond a cruwid- ed cnbinet, fts velvet-covered shelves holding precious vases and pitchers, while all about were specimens which were heirluoms, or Thal:cd the taste of tho muaster, who i a col- ector. “ And then, do you know that Miss Edwanls, who wrote that chiarmbue book, * Barbara's His- tury, Mivea at Westburyt 1 liad onfntrduction thirough a New York fricnd who knew her well In Italy, and, as my friend here s scquainted with hier, we called, Stie wus o London, but [ saw her study and e‘mumnuc. and un artistlc eye would be delighted with the surroundings. First, her voluine of “A Thousaud Miles up the Nile! was on the table tn vellum and giit,— the desigus op the outslde taken from the in. terior of an old temple found by her party, and the [llustrations done by hersell. The title-page was dedleated in her haiidwriting, * To my ‘best fricnd with my hest love." “UThis best tricnd is & middle-aged widow lm!?;. who, after burving her only dsuzhter, lavlshed her whole alfuction on Miss Edwards, ‘To the pleasaut bhouse of the latter has been bullt o large room, three stles of which are filled with book-shelves, and the reinalng one occupled with au fininense bas-window openfug on a garden. Many of the volumea i her ltbrary have been bound after designs by Miss Edwards. On pedeatals round about stand Roman statucs, aud In eyery corner &re rare bits from varlous lunds. In the ceutre of the room 18 large library-table, and the little ante- Hed with Nilo curlosities, 1n the hall, indows from Cairo are fastened up, Flemish, lloman, and Turkish jugs and vases stand about. * Miss Edwards bas a largenumber of pletures glven her by licr many artist-fricuds, and s fine marble bust by Bull gracea the sitting-room_of her friend, With her many talcnts, Miss. Ed. wards has that of a fine voice, and often s in chiaritable entertaioments, In readings ond recitations." 5 IOW PIRATES WERE HUNG, There once prevailed a custom 1u Eneland of hanging persons convicted of piracy sud other crimes on the high scas, on tho shore of the ocean at @ poing where the tides would wash over their bodics. Harrison states, in his * De- scription oL England,” that * Pirates and rob. bers by sea are condemned fn the Court of Adiniraltic, and hanged on the shore at low- wator mark, whers they arc lefe till threa tides have:overwashod them.” fn Mnrray's ¥ Handbook of Kent,” Executlon-Dock, Wap- plng, L, Is named as the place where pirates and otbers committing capital crimes at sen were hung at low-water inark, * thero to remafn it threo tides had overowed them.” The old chronicler, 8tow, also refers to tho custom tn neal .l' tho samne language,—~remarking of a certala locallty, that it was ' the usual place of execution fur hanging of Pirates and Sea-rovers nt the low.water mark, there to remain till thrve tides had overflowed them.' In this an- clent practice the writor fiuds au explanation of Antonto's remark to the Joatswain, In * The Tewpest,” Act. L, 8¢, It #+Wonid thou mi, ‘The washing. A BIG GAME-PIE, A gamo-ple was wade ut Lowther Castle, ‘Westinoreland, (n tho year 1762, s & present to King George, which weighed 880 pounds. Threo bushels of flour and thirty-six pounds of butter werd used in the paste; and the contents com- prised two turkeys, four wild fowl, two gecas, uur ducks, one wild me.-. six wila ducks, thres Leal, two starllugs, twelve gnmhhms, tifteen woodcoek, two guinea-fuwls, three anlpe, sixteen plover, three water-hons, six widfieou. one curiew, forty-six yellowhammers, iftcen sparsows, two chaitiuches, two larks, three thrusbes, pne fAeldfare, six pigeons, four biack- blrds, twenty rubins,—in 1\?, 3L birds,—ons lce of ves), sad SPARKS OF NCIENCE. FLORA ROUND AROUT CIICAGO, ~ Tus Docsanks.~Tne Apocynacex, or Dog- baues, have the reputation of belag 8 venomous fawlly, as a viruleut polson wingies with the Julces of mauy of the'species; yet it is a hand- some tribe,~rich follage uud showy fuwers dis- tinguishing the majority of its members. Thers is, for {nstance, no guyer plant in our whole list of oxotics thay the Oleander, Nerium Oleander, with its thick clusters of large, often-duuble, puok fowers. It 1s a nutive of Southern Europe, Asis, aad Northorn Atrics; while the Nérium odoruta, which has fragrant fluwers,{s a native ot India. Lovely as the Olcauder lovks when In flower, the whole plant is saturated with polson. Instauces are ou record of death being produced by chewing the fowers. In f & ham. -ground. THE CIICAGO TRIBUNE: SBATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1877—TWELVE PAGES. the semth of Earppe a decoction of the l»nvn’ is usel Lo destroy parasiths versmin, and fta powdered bark and wood form tho hasis of an eflleacions rat-poison. Lindlcy relates the followlng Incldent of the baleful effects of the falees of the plant: * In 1509, when the French troops were lying befora Madrid, rome ol the soldicrewent a-m#auding, cvery one bringing back such provisions as could be found. One soldier formed the nnfor- tunate {deaol cntting the branches of the Ole- ander for spits and skewers for the meat when roastiog. This tree, It may he obaceved, {s com- mon In Spain, where It attains constderable di- menslons. The wond, having been stripped of its bark, and brought In contact with the meat, was productive of most direful consequences, for, of twelve soldiers who ate uf the roast, seven dicd, and the other five were dangerously iL” The exhalations of the Oleander are sald tobe Injurions to those who remain lung ex- nosed te them, especially while sleeping. Une snecies of Nerfuwm is a percanfal climber grow- iug In Indla, the fnner fibre of whose bark s 80 atron that It is uscd as hemp by the natlves. A decoction of the stems is also used for pol- e erininkle, Viacp, 1 1 e Periwinkle, Vincg, 1s an ornamental spe- cles of the .\;myhcm-c,,"wmuu has Jong bccnplen cultivation. “Thec prostrate plant, a hanlf, oute dour species, —wit| dcerwecn, opposite leaves, and blue flowers,—which hss been commonly called Myrtle, 1a really a Periwinkie, Vinca minor, and grows wild in Earope. The pretty, silvor-cdged Vinca major, 80 much used In buskets, is als0 an inhabitant of Enrope. The species with roseate flowers, V. rosca, comes from Madagascar. The climbinz-plant’ named Echites suavcolens, bearinz terminal raccines of fragrant flowers, ls smong the Doglancs which are pecnliar to Bouth Ameriea; and the Alla- nawla catharticn {s one which we have recelved from Uulaua. This Jast is a shrub with slender branche, and bright-yellow flowers, An infu- Alon of its leaves, taken In moderate doses, has * the effact of a catbartle, hut In overdoses is violently emetic and porgative. Our two representatives of the order—the Apocynun androsmifolium and A. cannabinm —are uecful ns medicinal ageuts,—scting, tin small doses, as n tonie, and, In more Nberal measure, haviog the cffect of an_cusetle, din- phoretic, and ditretic, The fnner bark of both specics s very «tout, and furnishes the Indiana with a servicesble cordage. The first-named of the species has very pretiy, plakish, bell-shaped flowers; but the greenish blossums of the other are destitute ot Leauty. Both specles are com- mon at Riverside, Hyde Park, and at points along the lake-shiore, They come into bloom in June and July, ‘There are upward of 500 species Included In the Apocynacer, and the maforlty of them are {ubabitants ‘of the Tropics, ~They are ost abundant in the Lot parts of Asla, sre in Tess force Iu the Equatorial rexlons of Ainerica, und are seattered sparsely through Africa. Ono of the must curfous of the reprerentatives of the order found in the Western Hemisphiere Is the Hyn-Iya, or Cow-tree,~Tabernemontana utllls, ~which grows In Ceutral Amertca. The leaves of thistree are elliptical, and the bark Is gray. sud rouch. On making a trausveree or obllque cut through the bark, a covlous etrcam of sap poura forth, of the colomund taste of millk. A traveler who et with. the tree In the woods of Guiana rsayvs of tne milk: "It was thicker and richer than cow- milk, entlrely free from bitterness; and the only dliehtly unpleasant feature was, that, after drinkind, my lps felt slightly viscous. . . . I had in tho morning o luys of thls milk for iy coflee, and It proved such o gond substitute for cow-muk that no one vould have told the differcuces for the slight viscousness which 1 had notived [n tasting it before, disappeared when it wds mixed with the coffee.” Cavutchoae Is vielded: by several of the Dog- baucs. In South America It fs obtalned from tue Collophora utlhs aud Camerala lutifolriag In Madugasear, from the Valea srennifera} and, i the East Iudics, from the Urccola clns: tiea and the Willushbels edulis. The latter plant also produces au edible fruit. The froit of thie Fluncarnia Is sald to be very delicious, and {5 sold in Pernambuco in great quantitics. The Carisea carondis furnisbes u substitute for red- currant jelly, and a number of otlwr spoclus bear fruits that are EIIIIINIME. A few of the Dogbanes alford good timber., The Wrighta tin:toria ylelds a fair quality of indigo. Al numbsr of the apecles are em- ployed in modivine, and an equal number are dealiy polsons, The most venomous of them all 1s the Tanghinla vencnifers, the kernel of the fruit of wuich, although not larger than an almond, coutalns poisou enough to kill twenty nien, The keruels of Cerbera manghasand The- yetia ahoval are lkewise virnlently poisonons. ‘The Theyetia nerfifolia gives forthn polsonous milk, yet {ts bark Is said to be n powerful febri- fuge.” A lu-nv;‘lv repulsive odor exhales from the wood, which I used n its native country to paison tlabs. From this enumeration of the diversified rrupcrlll:l and productions of the Apocynaere, it Wil be seen that the family ls an interesting and uselul one. Still there remnains to be men- tioned & specles which claims distinetion above all tha others for the part It has taken m the bistory of mankind, We repeat the account of it s t Is given by the botan- ist, Lindley: *“Thu sawes of Ceylon, having detnoustrated, s tlhiey say, that Paradiso was lu that fistaud, awml having therefore found it necessary to point out the forbldden fruit of the Garilen of Eden, assure us that it was burne on a species of this cenus, the Dvi Ladner of thelr ummrg, and nrobably Tabernmemontana. dichotoma. The proof they nd of this discov. vry conslsts lu the beauty of the fruft,—sald to bo tem; —lfu the fragrunce of the luwers, oud In its stlll bearing tho marks of the teeth of Eve, Till the ofTunsy was committed which brought misery on man, we are assured that the Iruit was deliclous; but fromn that thne for- ward it became poisonous, as {t now romalns.” Sok sy . GIBRALTAR FOSSILS, An {mportunt paper by Prof. Busk, on tho Fossils of the Gibraltar Bone-Caves, fs cm- bodled in the * Transactions™ of the Londun Zoological Boclety, lssucd fu Auzust. Frow it ‘we learn that the promontory of Gloraltar,'rls- lvg to tne helght of 1,400 feet above tne sea, conssts, with the oxception of some ferruginoua sholes and sauds on the western flank, ol a hard gray Jurassic timestone. Tho rock s traversed by Innumecrable flssures, which frequently widen Iuto caverns of varying extent., From this fact the Glbraltar Rock has been called the Hlllof Caves. While theso fissures were atill apon to the surface, the remaing of anfinals were awept in by rains and floods; snd in some casce, no duuml Hving animals fell (noto the yawnlug rifts, In most iustances these bonvs were cemented Into o breeelo by the deposition of carbonate of Hme, In 156% one of the now-scaled caverns was dlfcovered, in which the bones were not cement- ed togethur, bt were preserved In o remarkably perfect condition. ‘The exploration ol this cay- e, known as the Genista Cave, was ccutinued aeveral years, and the bones colloctedd were sub- mitted to Prof. Busk. Iiis study of the fomalns haa induced the vonclusion that, whils the Kock of Gibraltar was conoccted with the African continent, after the last geulogival changes had oceurred, it was inhabited by pumerous species of hegbivorous aud carnivurous mammals. Among the former waa & rhinoce imilar to that found ln the Valley of the Thawmes (R, he- miteochus), probably aspecles of elephant (E. antinus), two specles of deer, an bex in great nuinbers, with wild boars, hares, and rabbits, ‘The latter group includes a large species of bear, the spotted hycna, the Southern Jvux, and onaor twu feling species. Ou the whole, the fuuua exhibite the African type,—the species probably finding their way lnto Eurupe by the Lhiuus vuce couoecting the two cuutinents at thls point. < — AN ANT-FIGHT. An interesting account of an engagemo nt be tween a party of red and of black ants s related by a correspondent of Foret and Stream. * Last woek, a5 | was coming fu the gate,” says the writer, *my attention was attsacted by scefng a stream of unts moving acruss the walk, golng ludiffercut directions. They were traveling in 8 beltabout four luches wide, and moviug very rapldly. Of those golog in one dirsction, cach Lad s large ant-egy fu its mouth. 1 followed the ewpty ‘mouthed” ones, and found they were robbing’a nest of red ants. ‘The nest was about one foot across, and wes covered with red and black ants enguzed fy a most desperato battle, —tho reds tryfug to defend thelr howe from their thieviah encinlea. At times the ants would forws fu litsle hills, sltding aud rolling over thy Lobserved that the black auts that wers eugaged o stealing took no part o the fight, but would selze the egys and wake for thefr own bill, leaviug tha ghting to be done by the rest of the bund. "The black ants, fn waking these depredations, had 10 croas one carriage-drive, twou plauk walks, and climb up s terracy two fect [n hight, —tho’ distance between the two bills beluy 153 feet, thropgh the grass of aun ordioary lawn. Out’of eurflelty, I killed one of the black uuts, sud took It to & feweler and bad it put v the balance with the egr it was carryiog, when the g was the Loavicst; which shiows the remark- .hlu strength and endurance of theso fntereat- inz insects. 1 once noticed u swall red sut try- oy to carry 8 worm, several tincs as heavy as {tself, up @ vmall wouud, on the top of whic] was its nest. After trylug soveral times with- out succeas, It ran up the bl wud’ dlvappoured In 45 hole; and_presently retaraed with quite a nunter of companfons, who' easily carrlei thelr captive Into the nest, In spite of Lis struggles.” RILLED BY TELEGRAPI-WIRES, Bome ttme ago, Dr. Eliot Cones had a paper inthe American Naturallst, fn which w rough ealculation was made of the enormons number: of birds killed annually by striking azainst telegraph-wires during their fiight. A writer In Forestand Stream states that, during a recent, trip in the rountry, he found nearly 100 birds Iying dead along ‘the line of a mggrnll-h wire within the distance of four miles. Ile saw several birds strike the wire and fall, and their appearance when lying dead was in ajl reapects eimllar to that of thoae which alrendy strewed the gronnd. A few of the dead hirds were voung quails, yellow-winged woodpeckers, and robing; but the great majority were Iarks, whose wayward and Impulsive flight renders them particularly liable to contact with the tclu'zraph-lrlru stretched scross thelr aorial route, BRIEF NOTES. An attempt {s being made to open communi- cation with the interior of Ecuador by way ot the River Putumago, or lca, leading into tho Amazon, The Government of Tarkey has never mada a topographlcal survey of §ts dominfons In Eue ropes hence the maps of the country hava been coustructed upon the materials gathered hy for- clen snd independent exvlorers tn Isolated dis- tricts, and are naturally defective. A report on the peology of Yesso, recently published by 3r. Lyman, the Director ot the Survey of Japan, cstimates that there are 150,800,000,000 tons of workable coal un tuo island. Acconding to this statement, the depos- It is about two-thirds as large as that of Great Uritain, The party of Fronchmen who setiled on tho cast coast of Sumatra in 1876 have prospered in thelr enterprise, and M. Lias, the Jeadsr of tha expedition, haa returned to France to orranize n second band of cmigrants, e Urought with him seyeral rare aniinats, which he has present- ed to the Jardin rles Plantes. Col. Gordun, Governor-General of Upper Egypt, has made a contract with an- English house for four very light-dralt steel steamers, to be nsed In the Albert Nyanza and the rivers of Central Africa, The steamers wiil be carried wverland by negrocs, and it Is cstimated that o force of 4,000 earriers will be roquired. A fine building for the accommodation of a sclentific museuin has been erected fu the Cla- namon (ardens, a favorite place of resort n Colombo, Ceylon, The collection thus far sccumulated is scanty,—~the most Important part relatinz to the natural history of tho island, A magnificent collection of snalces bas Leen presented to the museun by Mr, W, Fer- guson, of Colombo. A rapld sketch-survey of Brazil la to be made under the direction of Ficld-Marshal H. do Beaurepaire-Rohan. This is all that Is at pres- ent possible with the small stall ot command exploring a countrg of the vast size and thin rupuhnuu of Brazil. It has been calenlated hat 1t would requlre cliht conturles to exeeuts awmap ol Brozil after the manner of the topo- graplical map of France. The schieme for the distribution of awards at the Parls’ Exposition of 1878 includes, fdenend- ently of the works of art, the presentation of 100 zreat prizes and exceptional atlocations in silver, by u speciul Jury made up of the Presi- dentsof all the jurica: and the presentation of 1,000 gold medals, 4,00 sllver tnedals, 8,000 bronze” medals, besides 8,000 honoratle men- tlons, by the class ur sectional juries. The mennzerle ot Central Park, New York, contalned tn 1878 033 mpccimens, 397 of which were mawmals, 520 birds, and 57 reptiles. The colleetion was valued st £12.911. ‘There wera fifty-seven births lu the menaperic during tha eary fncluding six lons, two ' leopants, anil hreo black swans, Manv artists and students Improved the opportunity of studylug tho larger anlimals, of wiilch thcre were moae bullds Ing nineteen lons, ten tizers, nnd ten leopards. It Is esthnated that 3,000,000 persons visited the menagerie during tife twelvemonth. M. Deyrolle hag devised a new process of photography, whith requires an apoaratus of much " less “weight than that in common nsc, (inas nlates are replaceld by paper coated with o layer of prepared wax, capable of bearing 75 degrees without fusion. The paper is covered with scngitive collodion, so prepared s to re- talu its properties for two years or snore. *Tho entire apparatus demanded by M. Dervyelle's process, mctuding 00 negative plates measuring twents-four ctm. by cighteen, welzhs but six kilugrammes. Its advantage for explorers i3 very apparent, —————— LITTLE RED RIDING-HOOD. To the Editor of The Tribune, CuicAdo, Sept. 20.—* No man, whatever his sensibllity may be,is ever affected by *‘lamlet* or‘ Lear" 1ittle girl fsnffected by the story of poor Red Riding-Hood."'— ifucaulay. The readers of our vity papers have, withoug doubt, beeo attructed and leit back in nemory aver a perfod uf many years by the slmyle head- Ings aud brief announcementa that tho story of Little Red. Riding-Hood was to bo actually given over and enacted in our midst; that pose sibly the very children to whom they bave first lisped this favorite nursery tale are- to represent Ked Riding- lood, the wolf, froxs, crows, and oll the inhabl- tants of the forest, tuzether with a falry queen and her attendauts, who rescue the brave littlo favorite, Grimm, the uuthor ot thls charming story, whose name has scareely ever been con- nected with the pubtlshed coples, derived it from (raditions current In_the reglon bordering upon the River Maly, fn Germany, He surely would have been reworded for his troublu i writing this spirited little story could he ) watched the beautiful, havpy faces of num luss little children grow sadand anxious as poor lied Riding-lood's life became tmperiled. It will be a pleasure to all who witiess the operetta to see her rescued, und fecl sure hat she Is saved after making her dangerous Journey to her old grandmother, for the blesscd purposs of dotng good, and befug kind to the aged, This feoling in the young should boen: vouraged; and nuw that tho mbtive for the production of this operetta 18 a duuble charity, who amon; our citizens will refuse to ald us when thio oppor- tunity Is before them to instill jrood principles in their children, aod at the same time belp one of the most charitablo institutiuns in the city. Holinemagn Homweopathic Hospital s far better known in tho Eastern citlos than in our own Chicago. the cooperation of all who read this article, With grateful .upscdnuon for thes kiudness vxtended to her in the frost, this worthy institutlon places before tho people her prgsent needs, Though never in so prosperous udition, she still reqires funds to'ald her fu carrying on the goud work already beguu, On every side docs this object present itself to our tizens - as tost worthy, not for the Hospital aloue, ur the swusement of ourscives and our e children, but for the hd{ who hus the operetta . 1 In charge. Sle Is ons who bas felt tho wmisfor- tunes which falljup liealth may sooner or later bring to us all, Her husbaud, in the midst of s literary carcer as cditor of a Western paper, was deprived of his memory, and upon ber o neceasity dues the suceers of Littlo ited Riding- hood largely depend, Thus far every kindness bas been shawn the ladies who aro ‘futerested with Mre, Harlan Paga in preparing tor this du- Hlgbtful entertatoment, Mr, Julius Bauer hus offured gratultously 1he use of his wusic roms for rencarsals; thy Chicagu Car Company haye gencrously proffered the use of omnibuscs I transporting the children safe relicarsale; und now will not” some of our theatros open wide thelr doars, sud bid us wel- cowe fu memory of thelr own chilldish pleasares, the nappluess of their own children, aud for whal Ly bester than all uther, Cuawire! e ——— SLAYING DEATH. f Southern splendor, rual blight My love, with the eyes Liex stricxkon down witl Aud thie days, to others so fair snd tender, Aru as black 10 mo ae the deeps of night, 111 wero us strong us ml' beart is dazing, 12 1 had the munciy, aud strenth, and beeath, 1 would gather hin close in my srms, and bear hiy Out of tho reach uf that wonster, Death! or | know-that ryim and ghostly creature, K ee acourked: that King of Oavare: Witk tho hauds of ice, and the paliid festure, Who craves an t clutches the choicest souls— 1 know, 1 knuw, if women were stronger, Or men ' woro beaver, he might b slain, And wo all wight charlsh our treasurcs longer, At spare oar apirits sach loss and pain. O weru I as strong of srm snd wuscle * Ae iy beart is 81003 in love and trust, 1 would muet old Death lu s (earless tusale, And tramp hum tread him, inlo tho duat, 1 would snatch my love frum his cruel keeplas xl'ldwonld ll:.ldlxn |hh lll':u,o‘n'm‘lthaxh aloud]y ud wany should sinz Wby uow are wacplug— Many n]o’!u'lu are sorraw-bowed. | But woman {s wesk, snd Death, defying, Gathers ber trusserca to heap the earo Sha sita in the shadows, snd sees thow dy! Tuo weak 10 binder 100 fral 10 save, And wdn is stevug, bat bis hears Is coldar— Ho has the musc! us will nut ggbt. And Death, (he- . grows bold aud bolder, Axd the world s black with an swful h‘l‘l'tn. We ask -