Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, September 22, 1877, Page 4

a0 “xy 4 o . TlIE‘ CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 1877—TWELVE PAGES. ¢ of property in An area of country covering many sqnare miles. The walery visitation this time ins tnined the ontiro cotton erop of the valloy, besides aweeping away nll the corn and fodder from the fields. The loss on the cotton alono will be over %3,000,000, The loss of the corn crop, it is said, is likely to entail considerablo suffering, ns it is donbtful it enfiicient grain will be aaved to Thye Tribawe, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. BT MAN—IX ADVANCE—TOSTAGE PREFAID, Pafis Tdition, one yeal ean B1RANY 1 8 year, po P it Le I, o s L iferary and " Tieiintons B0 ?‘:{,,g meet tho wants of the people the coming Tavnar & Venr. ver monih. \00 | winter. WEERLY EDITL 3 = - s e 43:@ An srticlo entitled p Food,” which Libl ot tweniy. 3 we print this morning, will aitract general £rcelmen coples sent 1ree. T yrevent delay and mistakes be suee and give Post: O ce address (n full, Includicg State and Conntr. Fiemattiances ay be made elther by draft, cxnreat, Pest-Utice order, or in rogistered Jetters, at our risk, TERMNS TO CITY BUNSCRIBERS. Trally, delfvered, Sunday excepted, 23 cents pef week, L'y, detivered, Suniay Included, 30 cents pes week. Adiress TILE TRIBUN Corner Mad!son end Desrborn Orders for the delivery of Tix TR Englewond, and Hyde Parks left fn the eountiog-room wili recelve promipt attentlon. attention among nll classes of the commu- nity on acconnt of the plain'and practicnl in- formation it conveys. How to Live Cheaply, is a problem of prime importance in’ thesa doys of low wages and scarce employment, and the solution of it in the pamphlet, of which tho article in another column is nsyn. opsis, is of the ntmost intersst and value, The suggestion—that 50,000 copies of the pamphlot bo purchased and distributed gratuitously among tho families of working. men in Chicago—id one that ought to he carried into effect. 'To tell how a palatable, wholesome, and nutritions dinner for man and wife and four children ¢an be put on the tablo for 15 cents is to confor a benefit npon {housands to whom the closest economy is n necessity, Farther back than the memory of man ont. gide of the State of Michigan gooth, two men, Doverass and Rose, who puddled chemieally with isomerio groups in the Lnb- oratory of the State University at Ann Arbor, Mieh., got behind in cortain moneys intrust- cd to them to buy philters with, nnd the charge of Bpencerian, aud Anglo-Bengalee " naley’s Thentre, Tiandolph street, between Clark and T.eSalle, gakement of Laxrenec Darrett, Afternoon, **The w r.* Fventnz, *Jnllus Crsar,” Mesdames Come mens, Foster, cte. Messra. Darrett, U'Neill, Price, cte. MeVieker’s Thentre. Madteon street. between State and Dearborn. En- gagementof EdwimHooth, Afternoon, **The Straa. ger.” Evening, ** Fool's ltevenge.” Mezdames Don, Irice, ele,s Mesars, Buotli, Wheclock, Pearson, ete. Adteiphl Thentre. Afontoe streer, corner of Uearborn. ! Tleket-of- Teave Man," Merdames Myems, Plerce, ete,) Measrs. Tilaisdell, Keane, cie. Afternoon and ovening, Now Chlengo Theatre, clark street, opposio Bherman IHouse, Faverly's Miartrels. Messrs. Lyman, Thatcher, Iloward, etc. Aftcenoon and evenlug. s proclivities was laid at tho door of W Anacum. Monron stFeet, hereen Sioes spd Dearbora, ®g. | th0 Labomtory, to bo saddled upon fazoment of Georgs France. * Wido-Awsko,” After- | tho thief, who was neoeasarily to noon pad evening. ba either Dovorass or MRose. 'This problem of finding which of these two wns the thief has cost the State of Michigan more money than they both conld have stolen, and Inwsuit after lawanit has drogged along, tearing peonle’s sympathies to pioces and greatly obstructing the progross of chemical Acience. Tha other day a Judge in that noighborhood gave a decision, which, to the ordinary observer, parceled out the disgrace to ench Professor, and made the dishonora about ensy. This decision has been met by a very poandemoniom of objnrgation in the Rose camp, apd will probably be equally nauseons to the other faction. Yestorday wnsn Rose dsy in Ann Arbor, and tho ‘* opera-house " in that town was crowded with pooplo will- ing to help gonerate indiguntion. 'The ju. dicial luminary who bhad bravely thrust his hand into this caldron of toil and tronble was branded as an atrocious Judge, being put mnext to Jereners, and n spesker, during a harangne of two hours, made the fearful statement that the case had ouly just begun, Inasuinch ns the programme of this irate friond of Rosu: includes several cases of impeachment, it 1s clear that, whero chemistry in tha past bas scourged the Michignnders with whips, it wiil in the fnture lash them with scorpions. Neithor of tho champions in this portentous criminel analysis is far advanced in life, which is also portentous, ixpasition Nailding. Michizan avenne, opposite Adams street, Etate Industrial Exposiilon. Day and evanlng. Inter- SOCIDTY MEETINGS. ATOLLO COMMANDERY, NO, 1, I, T,—Attentlon, Fir knightal You are herehy ordered fo ADpear at the ‘arylum, {n fu unlform, Sunday noon, 10 attend fig funernl of ourlate frater, Abram Green Coursen. Car- ot theuco 10 Rosehili. €. J. &, DUNLOT, Recorder, SATURDAY, BEPTEMBER 22, 1877, CHIOAGO MARKET SUMMARY, The Chlcagn produce markets. were less active yoaterdny, and breadstuffs wero casier, Mess pork Qoscd 25e per brl higher, at $12.82345@12.85 tor* October and §12.0214@12.35 for the year, Lard clused 214 per 300 1bs Jower, at 88,8745 for Octo- ter nnd 88,2714 sclier the year. Meats closed firn, at Ble per B for looss shonlders and 7lc fordorhort ribe, Lake fretghts were dull,at dcnsken for corn to Buffalo. Mighwines wero steady, at SLu9 pargallon. Flour was quict. Wheat closed 1isetower, at $1.12% for September and $1.05% fur Oxtoler, Corn cloidd %c lower, at 433c cash oud 43¢ for October. Oats closcd casier, at ¢ cuxhh or seller October, Jiyo wos e lower, at bitye. Eacley closcd 1ie higher, at 03c. Hogs were activo cud nveraged 10c nigher. Eales were chifly 0t §5,25@5. 50, Cattle were quict and un- changed, with salea at £2.60@0.00. Shoep were anil. There was Inspeeted Into storo in this city yesterday 505 cnrs wheat, 44 cars ond 64,400 bu corn, 121 cars outs, 40 cars rye, and 106 cara barley, Total (905 curs), 467,000 bn. Onc hinn- dred doltara tn goid would buy $100.124 In greenbacks at the close. ¥ Greenbacks nt ke Now York Btock Ex. chango yesterday closed at 97, ¢ So much grain has aceumulatod in Kings. tou, Out,, that Canadian vessels cannot be obtained in suflciont numbers to forward it to Montreal, and permission has beon asked from the Gpvernment to nllow American eraft to got forwardors out of their embar. rasiment of ' THE SAVINGS BANRS, Thers is no longer much uso {n treating of individusl snvings institutions aa thoy col- lapsa, Tho fact Is apparent that the people have lost confidence in thom nsa class, It could not well ba otherwise. 'The collapse is not confined to Chicago, nor in Chicago to suy one bauk. Noarly all tho large citios ing them, nod it may be nssumed that all the depositors in a'l tho savings banlks in Chi- cago are cogitating how thoy can best get thelr money out of the bands in which they bavo intrusted it. It i3 useless to disguise this faot. It is folly for the Trustees or Moongers of nny of tho savings Lanks which have beon questionod to run them now with reforonco to future prospects or remaining in business. It should simply be.n.question for honest snd judicious docision in overy such case how tho assots of tho bank may be administered so ns to yleld tho lavgest amount to tho ereditors, Every ono of these savinga institutions, whether. largo or small, ‘whether yot in tho .innds of a Recoiver or not, should new bo managed na if it woro in - process of liquidation, The CTrosidont of . ony savings ‘bauk which s practically susponded psymoat, bus shich hoy not yet boen Lrought into court should virtually constitate himself a Rucaiv- ar, give up the “ shinning" process, atop nll favoritian, and rogard himsclf ay the repre- sontative and trustoo of the depositors, It ++ éasy onongh to do a savings-bauk business in prosperous times, when doposita aro continually being mnade and tho call for mouoy Is in the ordlnary way. Dut all this lias changed. Nobody is now dopositing in asavings bank; everybody wants to with- draw all Lo has thero, The notices given during the July panic are coming due ; the notices givon at the Arst anuouncement of the Btata Bavings failure will bo das in thirty days, and from then on virtually mature until the funds are exhausted, There is not golog to Le any snch restoration of confi- dence in the savings baoks as will enablo any embarrassed institution Lo coutinue throngh the forbearauce or support of depositors. There moy be excoptions whore the affairs have been so judicioualy managed, and the copital is 8o intact that tho winding-up process will yield dollar for dollar, and in such caso the savings bank moy acquire o new clalm to confidence, But the dopositors in all casos will demand first the privilege of handliug thelr own money; nud no dovicos, such as the changing of rules, or peddling out small amounts, - or taking ad- vantago of any technicol resources for delay, will belp tho matter. Tho jssuo may as wel) be looked squarely in the face. A general settleuent is demanded. No efforts, either on the part of the bank managers or the newspapors, will allay what is called the panie. There must bo a ULalancing of ao- counts, and all the savings banks which are ngj prepared o pay out all tha money they owo depositors, aad save their capital ora part of it, will deal more fairly by the publio by opening the door to a Recoiver who shall make a publio distribution of the assets under the suporvision of the Court. Tho troublo is that, in the absence of a proper law for State inspection, the wavings bauks have, as a rule, become one-man in. stitutions, This is revealed as rapidly as their affairs are made’public, Thers was nothing to the State Bavings but Bresces, The highwounding title of Merchants’, Farmers' & Mechanice’ Bavings Bank meant simply Bypxey Myzss ; only that, and noth. ing more. Aud such 18 the tendenoy in all cases ; though they rejoice in names that spread over tho sido of a bouso, they consist simply of some ono man who is making in. vestments for other peopls, in whioh they tako all tho risk and he a part of the profit; there may baye boen some capital originally, ox thore may bave beon none. In measdy eve 'The friends of the Toxas Pacifie scheme erc in correspondenco with the advooates of tho Miwsiusippi leveo appropristion with a view to pooling their combined influence on votes in the inlorcst of the two contem- plated grabs. Conflioting * local * interesta o both gides somoewhat interfors with tho prelimineries, but it Is predicted that the trade will finally be ngreed upon. e Tho Clicago cxpress train bound East met with o votiony disastor on the Central . Road, near Roime, N. Y., about 5 o'clock last ning, The train collided with a ** wild * + hotl of the engines and tha mail sl brggage cars being completely wrecked, Three iraivemen wero kiiled and several lus ily biraized, Sovoral passougers were in. jurud, but no Chicago numes appearia tho tist, pvbuhiei Scmnbhe ‘Pwo deaths ara reported to have ocenrred w tenins yesterday, o010 near Ypsi- o othur near Montreal, 'The lat. suive way that of the llev. Oznon T ox, ol Cornwall, Oat., whio liad attend. «d tha Proviucial-Angliean Synod, nnd in the Lot of secleainatical debates had suffered in. jury to his nervons oystom which denied Lon even the shord time which avould have s.en fin sarrounded by sorrowing flocks aud minisering loved ones. . o reception of the Preadential party ot | Kuoxviile, Tenn,, yesterday was extromoly preasait and cordial in charpoter. An ille interruption in tho shape of a soli- tury ** Hueeals for Pves 1" was converted futu un enjoyably episoda by the ready wit of the President, whoso elover allasion to * fracdum of Apoech” completoly turned the tubley wpon the Tildenits, aad the episode was forgottzn in the hearty laughter that tho reiort proveked, s » was agnin bofore the . Aldermanic teu yesterday, and testified concerii. 1.4 hia rolationg with the Erle Railrond. o aide himsclf useful to Fuisx and Goutu through lis remarkable faculty for securing desired legislation, aud they elected him a Director and put him in charge of the bribery faud, With cheerful caudor he ad- anitted to having been guilty of perjury in 8 former exianination. ** What I sworo to then was talse; what I swear to now is true," was the way be disposed of the con. flict of testimon, g Receiver WarD yesterday took possession of all that pertains to tho wreck of the Merchants!, Farmers' & Mechanics' Saviugs lauk, aud began the work, finst, of ascer- tuining what thero is to show for the deposil zeecunt, aud, next, to convert the same into cash for distribution among the creditors. The ouly developments thus for made indi- culo thut the Mress system of bookkeoping, liko that which the lamented Bexxczs bad iu vogue, is * poculiar,” and that the Receiver st chiefly depend for enlightonment upon such inforigstion as he moy be ably to ob- tain from the only man who understands the system,~Mgeus bimsolf, T ——— Plantensin the Valley of the Black Warrior River, Alubama, bave suffered o terriblo loss by iuundation, 'fbo river has always baen subject to suddon overflows. In Juno, 1072, 1ke water rose sixty-five feet ln a very sbort spaco of Lo, resulting 1n the loss of lifo aud tho destruction of neasly all kinds hiavo had similar experionces, or aro expeo!-+ ery care, however, there is simply depend- l ence on one man, who handles tho money with mora ar less honesty and more or leas jndgment, g tho result shows. Whon this man is a sconndrel like Srexces, it may furn out that he hins misappropriated Inrge sums for his own use; when he is honest, ns Mrens hns beon believed to be, it may simply ba that Nis investments have been unfortunnte, as auy man's mny be, nand that his depositors are the victims of a shrinkage in the valuesof the securities in which their deposits wero honestly placed. In Mrens' bank, it is not possiblo to tell how much or how little the nssots will yicld. His own roticonce on the subject would indieate that thoey are of 8 poor charncter. In the recent failures of aavings bauks in New York as well as hare, it has been found in every case that worth- less checks aud notes have beon carried when they were known to Do worthless, and made to figuro na cosh nssots in the public atate- ments. A comparison of what Myzns re- poried as cash nsscls thres months ago with the money he hna paid ont since, and which brought Lim to the end of his rope, seems to show somothing of the same kind. In some instances, the protested checks of tho offi- cers of the snsponded bapks hiave been ceunted among tho cash assets, In all cases, tho publio statements have been provod to Lo false and deceptive, Experionce hns thorouglily shaken if not destroyed all confl- denco or patience with the savings-bank system, and nothing but {ho money, oras much of it ns thero is lcft, will satisfy de- positors in their present apprehension, Every man in control of a savings bank knows his own condition. Ho knows whether ho has the money in his vaults to pay out bis entire deposit accdunt, or whoth- or his asseta and collaterals aro of o kind which he can convert iuto cash to meot this wholesalo demand after exbausting all the timo which tho rulo for notices gives him. It hois satistied he can do this, b is justi- fied 1n going ahead ; if ho is sotisfod he ca't do it, it is his duty to abandon tho task im- mediately, tarn bis afairs aver to o Recelver, nand nssist os much as he can in the prompt und publie winding up of tho Lusiness, g0 that all depositors may fare alike in tho out- coms, It will bo ot once foolish nnd unjust to pnt any relinnce upon n teatora- tion of confidence, ronewol of deposits, the nssistnnce of other bonks, or popular support. The time {s passed for propping up by any artificial means any savings bank which eannot stand nlone and sottlo up from its own resources ns rapidly ns the depositors demand and the taw requires, At tho best, there will be no such restoration of contidence in savings in. stitutions as will como to their relief in time 10 avoid n goneral liquidation, Wo donbt whether there will ever bo a gencral renowal aof popular confidence, with or without laws looking to thuir strict supervision, We have no doubt that Congress, early in tho coming seasion, will provide for n savings bond of stnall denominations and bearing n small rato of interest, which will take the place of the popular loans in France and tho postal banks in England. In that ovent; the surplus oarn. ings of the working and middle classes will rapidly go into these bonds, which will al- woys bo nseafons the Government crodit, and which, under proper regulation, will bo moro convenient and avalable than savings. baok books. With such a pational provies| ion there will bo no opportunity for a general systein of savings bauks, such as hus oxiated heretofore; thore will still be financinl ngonts for tho investment of fuuds for those persons who desiro to earn,on their savings moro thon tho Covernment interest, but such ngonts will not enjoy the proteotion of a Chineso wall called o bank to keep off ‘their customers, and they cannot speculate with their clients’ money on their own saccount without risking criminal prosecution, 1Inthe frooof this outlook, it is paipably the duty of uvery savings institution now to shapa its affajvs with solo reference to an honest and absolate liquidation. HURDER IN CALIFORNIA AND MISSISSIPPI, ‘I'he United States bas o treoty with China under which the people of the United States 1any visit and roside in China under certain conditions, and under which Chinese may voe to nnd rusido in this country, Thore sro perhaps 600 to 1,000 Americans now residing aud doing business in China, and there in a Ministor aud sevoral Consuls there charged with the daty of protesting them in ol thoir rights of porson sud property under the treaty., ‘The poople of China are hostile to all forelgners; thoy have for centurics been edueated to the belief that all foreignors wore birbarians, whose prosence was an in- sult to the Chincsa nnd daugorous to the political andreligious integrity of the Empire. ‘There have been times in the-past when the popular feeliug has oxpressed itself in ont- rage upon tho forolgoers, but, since China has been forced inlo treaty and commercial intercourso with Yoreign na~ tions, the Goverment of that coun- try , has ropressed or punished all wnch odtrages, Al foroign Goveruments, however, keep flests in Chiness waters, which tleots aro prompt to enforce the rights of their countrynen, and to exact compensa- tion for injurles and punwhment for ali offenses. ‘There have como o the United Btates 8 numorons Chinese population, who are unquestionably fndustrious, skillful, and thrifty. ‘They arc not Ohrlatians; but there ia no pretenso that thoy are attempling any interforence: with tho religion or the Gov. eroment of the country, They come here to labor, ond thoy hoard tholr mouey. Thoy are entitled by trenty {o the same protection for their lives and property shat other per. sons enjoy and which the Americans in Ohina eujoy. We claim a higher intelli. geuce than we concedo to the Chinese; we claim to be more cnlightened; to have broader and moro humanitarian principles. Wo have established hore on this Weatern Continent an empire to which we have invited tho people of all raccs and of all climes, Wo have opened here a tem. ple of freedom into which all men may enter aud shbore an equality of right, Dat how do we treat theso Chiness, or how do wo per mit them to bo treated? An ignorant popu. lntion in Californin takes especial delight in waltreating these Chinese. fhe Ohincse Laving no bad habits, and being industrious, carn and save money. ‘This is a crime in the esthnation of the brutal, drinkiog, idle, and vicious white population. Hence the uafor. tunate and inoffunsive Chiness are subjocted to overy kind of indignity aud outrage. ‘Thoy are driven from work, roviled, sud beaten. They are robbed and plundered of their money, and, ,when a special Loliday is desired, a Ohinese massacre by rifle shot, by the kuife, and by burning, is enacted. Withn the last ten days a massacre of Chi. nose has taken place in California which would be disgraceful to a nation of savages. ‘The local authorities oud Government in Califorals seem to be helpless or cowardly, o both,* No iuterference {0 protect aud de- . fend thesa peoplo Reems ever to tako place. Tho Chinese aro murdered, and that is tho end of it. Ifow long is this condition of af- {airs to go on without soms official stops 1o srrest and to remedy it? . Ia it to become an acknowledged fact that in America it is no crime to kill o Chinaman ? In tho Stalo of Mississippi the old spirit of lawlessmess lins again broken out, ahd orgnnized gangs of despor. ndoes have taken possession of severn! counties, and ar rivating the Dashi-Bazonks in their decds of violence, robbery, and eru. elty, The Governor of Missinsippi hns heard of it, and hohas written a letter de- claring that sach things eannot be tolerated, Dat he takes no step to put down the rufilan- ism» or to punish the rufians, Mardor, and plander, and batbarity rule suprome, and not » Bhoriff, or n constable, or a militis-man is cnlled npon to oxecuta thelaw. In fact, lLias there boen any law in Mississippl since tho man StoNe be¢ame Governor? ‘Who can demand that murder and robbery in Mississippi shall be punished and supprassed who approves of the same thing in Califor- nia? Isit any greater moral of legal crimo to murder a Mississippiau that it is n China. man in California? The very indifferenco with which popular %opinfon {reats the mur- der of scores of harmless and unoffending mon in Californin is tho greatest encourage- ment that ean bo given to murder and ail other erime in all parts of the country, ‘While Gov. Stose merita general contempt for his ropented pusillaniniity, why is not the Governor of Chalifornia equally consur- able ? LABOR TROUBLES ABROAD. Tha workingnien of Amerien who imnagine that labor troubles during the hard times ‘have beon confined to this continent make a serions mistake. They have extended more or less to all the manufacturing and indus- trial districts throughout the world, and thero have been specinl hardships in En. giand, The samo causos which have our. tailed consumption and depressed prices here operated to reduce wages in England, and throw mon ont of*employment there, ns they did in the United States. The London Timea redontly bore testimony to the fact that the Inboring clnsses of that country had conducted themsclves with commendable forbearance and discretion during the hard times, but this must have referred mainly to the prexervation of the pubhie peace and or- der, for tho failure to agree betweon employ- ers and employes has Jed to many prolonged strikes and scrious lock-ouls, which are only beginning now to be'sottled. A day or two ago tho intelligouce was telegraphed that the Clyde shipwrights had resumed work on the bosis of an arbitration. This waa s strike which throw thousands of mon out of em. ployment for abont dix monils. Tho loss incidant to this lock-out falls mainly upon the journoymen, nud it is one that can nevoer be rogalned. If tho torms of tho arbitration accord them better wages now than whon they quit work, it {8 because the new condi. tions of trade and improved outlook warrant it; it the Ciyde shipwrights had worked along at the prices the builders conld afford to pay, thoy would still bave had the incresse ot the prosent time for tho same raasons that the arbilrators now give it to thom; 5o that their six months' voluntary idle- ness js n dead loss to thom which thoy can naver regain. The cotton opers- tives at Boltcn, of whom thero are about 11,000, with probably 40,000 dependent on them in one way and nuothor, are going through tha samo experiouce. The mill- owhers proposod a veduction of 5 per cont, to which they refased to submit. Thero was a raldo of G per cont in 1875, and the present reduction, rendercd necessary by a constant declino in prices and the competition that tho English cotton minnnfacturers have lately oncountered in {oreign markets formerly all their own, places wagos ot what thoy waro bofore. In olhor words, tho rato of wages mustyield to the rule of supply and demand, which the operatives are unwilling to recog- niza except when in thelr favor, The laat lock-out was in 1861; it lasted six wooks, and entailed a losa to tho workmen of $400,000, —a total, absolute, and frreclaimablo losa. 8o in many other districts of Great Britain there ave unavailing strikes,—in the iron mills at Dundeo, in the factories of Forfar, among the ship-joiners at Greenock, in the Dutham colliery district,. among the conl- miners of South Yorkshire, and in nearly all thio Scotch mining districts, The masons in London and the carpentors and joiners in various English cities aro on a striko; and many master bullders have contracted with American carpenters at wages which the En. glish carpenters rejectod. The error the workingmen make Is in all cases the samo, and that which Wevbzun Pumies sought rocently to impress still moro deeply upon them. They ignore the laws of supply and demand, and insist that labor is the first essontial and necessarily takos precodenco in all industry which do- pends upon an associotion between labor and capital, On the contrary, capital is tho first cssential in such associa- tion. Take away capital, and the ls- borer is reduced to tho resomrces of bis baro bands and muscles, Ho has nota spade or a tool with which to assist himself in the work of production. . All forms of capital, then, necessarily carry out this rela- tivo condition in the mssociation, When capital increiascs to great mills and vast con. trivances, employing thousands of opera- tives, 1t is still the firet cssentinl. It must ba kept intact and yicld at lcast a living to jts owners, or it will be withdrawn from the ns- sociation, If the'workmen fnsist upon sach wagos ss will gradually impair the capital, and the owners yield to, the extortion, then it is merely a question of time when the capital will bo eaten up, the owuers will go juto baukrupiey, and the workingmen will be throwi out of employment altogether. Most possessors of capltal rofuso to yleld up to thia point. Prudoent men prefer to let their capital le idla or withdraw it from the direct association with labor, aud seck some place of safe-keeping, where, if it does not eam arything, it will still remain intact, This is botter than a process of certain disappearance by means of an undue contribution to the wages fund, But if the workingmen desire to increase the wages fund—that is, the capacity of capital to pay better wages aud employ more mon—ibey must concede to cspital some- thing more than a mero living for its pos sessors. ‘They must yield a surplus for reinvestment, Whenever they exact such compensation for their labor as ylelds no surplus (o capital, then (here is » stand-still. Whenever they go still fur. ther, and demand more pay for their labor than jta resuld or product is worth, then there is an impairment of capi. tal which, soonez or lster, must throw them out of ewployment. Whenever they refuse to work at prices wlich the employers can aford to pay and keep their capital intact, then thoy lose entirely the banefit of auocise tion with eapital ; they impose a los« in the wonr-and-tear and decay of the machinery in which the capital is invested ; they reduce the wnges fund--that is, the capncity to pay wages in the futuré—in proportion to the loss lnvolved in the torm of idloness, and they make an absolnte loss {o themselves of the time in which thoy produce nothing and carn no money, It is ignorance of these plain and simplo principles which causes the most serious Toss and snffering to the work- ingmon and those dependent on them, ———— THE P 8 POR RESUMETION. The plan by which the Government can ro- sume npecio paymenta devisedby Mr. Geonor 'W. Coz, of the Amorican Exchange Bank of Now York, which lias not been published, but which has been eszplained by another banker, may be thus stated in brief: Tho bauks are to agree to furnish the Govern- ment with $100,000,000 of gold, which, with 1h0,$100,000,000 in the Treasury, are to be iho fund for resuniption. The banks are to be secured by an issue of 4} per cent bonds, which are to bo retained in the Trensury. When the Governmont shall have exhausted the gold in the Treasury rodeeming green- backs, it is to call on banks, which are then to furnish gold, receiving in exchange the bonds, Itis assumed that na moon ns the Government, pays gold for greenbacks tho banks, holding over one-half the whola sum of greenbacks, will bo able to pnrchase gold with them, and thua furnish the Troasury with coin enough to redeem, 3 Leaving out of view the woakness of this whole scheme of attempting to make one _dolinr of gold seom to bo three dollars, and ‘perform tho ofice of threo dollags, it will amount to nothing more than an exchango of greenbacks for 4} per cent bonds. Itis an attempt to redeem without the money for that purposo, It Tsn schemo which rests for success upon creating n popular belief thnt thera is gold in the Treasury when the gold is not thore, and to practico upon tho country n sort of confldonce gamo cortain to bresk down. In tho first place, the gold in the Treasury is not the property of the Government; much of it is on deposit for safo keeping, subjact to call; the gold owned by tho Gov- ernment s subject to approprations for other purposes, it being part of tho cure ront revenuo. The gold in tho banks is also largely private properly, subject td call. The banks may so manage as (o got control of one-half the greenbacks; but when they shall undertake to buy back with greenbscks the gold which the Tronsury shall ‘pay out in redemption of greonbacks, and, thus in this way uso the snmo gold over and over to redeom the wholo sum of groonbacks, the schcme will be cer- tain to fail and bresk down. Tho banks, ns rapidly as they furnish the Governmont with gold, are totako the 4} per cont bonds. This practieally, supposing it to be successful, will be equivalont to funding the greenbacks in 4} per cent bonds. What ia to hecomo of tho bank currency, and how that is to be re- decmed, is not stated. It is possiblo that the schema contemplates that the Tronsury is to reisauo the greenbacks, and that the arrangemont with the banks is to bqa per- manent one, the banks to furnish the CGovernmont with gold ns it mny be wantod to redeem the groenbacks as pro- pented. If thia be so, it will establish n ro- Intlon betwaen the Government and the banks which cannot prove to bo otherwise than disastrons. It would be incorporating tho banks as o part of the National Govern. ment. It wonld not strongthen tha general plan of resumption, Taken aa a whole, it ia nothing more than a weak sttempt or con. trivance to resume specie paymonts withont specio, Theso New York peoplo may as well un. derstand once for all that the- country will not submit to any compulsory contraction of tho ourronocy; that the greenbacks are not to ba retired until a coin currenoy ia pro- vided to toke their place; that it is ultesly impraoticable to obtain this coin currency in gold between now and the Tst of January, 1879, or at sny other date, oxcopt at grest aud usoless: cost; and that the country may, by romonotizing silver and making ita coinsge free, oblain o supply of silver coin o5 rapidly as the mints can furnish it, which will, as it is produced, farnish s safe and substautial substitute for the legal-tendor papor money. This can be accomplishdd without serious cost, and withoat any disturbanco of values, or of business, or of credits. It will bo found that the only practicable and econom- ical rond fo spocie payments s in the froe coinsge of remonétized silver dollars, and that the way to haston specle paymonts is to hasten tho restoration of the ailver dollar. Evory month's delay in the restoration of ullver postpones specio payments; every montl's delay postpones the coinage of four millions of silver dollars; and those who are opposing the restoration of silver coinage for tho purpose of forcing resumption in gold coin alons are decolving themselves with tho hope of an impossibility. The only deliverancs from legal-tender paper and from an exclusive paper currency must come through a free coinage of legal-tender silver, Lord Borauxy, the cidust son of the Mar- quis of Exeter, nas lately been clected to Pare tiament to @1l the vacancy causcd by the death of Mr. Wanp Hunt, Although Lord Bongutsy 1s 28 ycars of ago and has been In the Life- Guards, he scems to have not more than two idcas In his nead,—ono fa that ho s a Lord, and the otbier Is that the Marquis of Ballsbury, the Becrotary for [odia, s & very great mao. The specch the young Lord Bosaurny made on addresslog bis constituonts was most ludl- crous; Duspumany could mot have sure passed it. Ho sald that, after belog so ably Introduced, o course he would not bo expected to say much; that the Becretury for Indiabad stated Lls views @ great deal better than ho could state thom himsclf; tbat he knew noth- ini about politics; that hio once belonged to the army; that be didn’t care to have his noso alit or bis ears cut 0ff, and much more to tho saine effect, Wheu some one asked him his oplafous concernlog County Boanls ho replivd: * You aro tryjog to catel me; you give me your opiu- fonand I will pive you mine.' Ho thought it was a “widdie," as Dusipusanrwouldsay, Fie nally, ho declared he would have to sit down sinca he was regulaly “knocked up” and bis lungs wers enking, **Isupposs you would like to hear more, ho added, *‘but I really can’t last out. 1 Lave got two cars, but ouly ono mouth,” A Mr, WarTs Inquired: ** Were you alraid tho army was golug out East, sud was that the reason you left it1" Lord Borau- LRY replied tartly; ¢ 8ir, [ ain an Evglishmanj you are¢ an Eoglubman; and [ am almost ashamed and thiok it yather an’ lusult for ous Eoglishman 0 say to another Euglishwan, in so mauy words, that bo ran away. Well now, gya- tlomen, I can't talk to you much longer, be- cause Ishail bu'st it 1do* It is to bo hoped the Euglish Parllament docs oot contaln mgny mcwmbers of this size; Lord Boraugsr wil oc- cupy, but not Ail, Waup Huxt's place. ————— Prof, Wareon, of the Ana Arbor University, belioves the moons of YMars may be cutposed of the nebuious watter which be bas observed as an envelobe of that body for tweuty years past. If this hepotleals he corre.t, the plancta ma: ol very recent orizin, 1t nay nppear, also, hie suggests, that these satellites have been mis- taken for fixed stars, and he thinks an exami- natlon of the records of the obeervatories to de- chle this point might bo valuable. Prof, War- #0x Lelfeves there fs a zadlacal lght similar to the one surronnding Mars about our earth; he #3w such a lght once In the Indlan Occan, and Capt. Joxes, of the Japanese Exploring Expe- ditlon, saw it in Chineso waters, L8 not im- possible, therefore, thnt our moon will have vompany before many nges hava clapsed. ol S o . Bimply because they came last, nobody should overlook Judgo KEr's remarks st the Chat- tanooga banquet. o stood up manfully for hia New England declarations that the Bouth committed n aerlous error fn the Rebelifon, There 18 no doubt that Judge Ker in his con- troversy with lis ESouthiern neighbora has patriotism aud the best logic vn hia side. Ho #ays he s sorry for the Rehilllon, and admits it was an error; they profess to be sorey for it, but declare it was no error. The inference Is that they rearet it did not succeed, This is s sentiment liardly appropriate to tho era of reconclliation. But wo are prepared to let by- ones bo bygones; itis not now a auestlon who has been {n error, but who will fn the future b most {u the right. Mr. 8amuer D, WanD, who s looming up so largely now as a Recelver,—having the Republic Lite Insurance Company and Myzns' bank in his hands,—is a man of unexceptionable integ- rity, who, after filling many positions of n fiduciary nature, is far from rich, His integ- rity, however, s almost a capital in Itself; it has galned him two places which few other inen in Chieago could gut, and Lias made it casy for him to furnish honds in any smount, LUe was for mony years Joux Wentwonrn's financial agent, and the appearance of Mr. WaNT- wonTi’s name on his last bond Is suflicient testimony to his character, if any were needed, Thereis a call for light on tho casc of Jonx. Lxs Canrrori, Acting Governor of Maryland by the grace of the Democratic party, ‘The Re- publicans declare he was not elected, but wo are not informed that any of them has had thoe bad tasto to stamp **fraud " indelibly on his Lrow or to insult iim whenever e gocs abroad, or to sncer at his domestic affalrs. There is only one mon in Americn small enough to do a thing of this des¢eiption,andholsa LDemocrat and violent partisan, ‘The leasons of the rifle-match are summed up by the New York T'ribune, It belloves that tho auccess of the Americans was chlelly duc to the supérivrity of thelr brecch-loaders to the guns of thelr opponents; that tho good stureson both sides wero oceasioned by the unusually clear atmosphers during the match; that tho method by which vur team was selected—by competitive examination—had much to do with tho tinal result; and that rapid firlng was found to bu benefelal. < e ————— The crownlug joke of poor BrynNEY MYERs was his uncunsciuus confesslon to o represonta- tive of Tus Trinunse, Thursday, in these words: 4T was so occupied In talking that [ did not zet a chance to look at the books.” It thoro was ono fault dearer to Mr. Myens' heart than writing communications to the newapapers, it was talking; lio scews to have fallcn a victim to paroxysms of this descripion even whea he should have been employed at hils books. ————— The proposcd oxamination of the Probato Court record of Sall Lake County by the Unit- od States District Graod Jury wiil orobably turn up & good deal of corruption. Balt Lake divorces ave boen moro common and moro flagrantly corrupt than those of Chicago or In- diana. Somo of our most notorious divorce lnwyers have been practicing of lato years only ueas. —————— A dispatch from Constantinoplo eays tho Porte will never accept mediation as long as o single Russlan soldier remalns on Turkish soil. ‘This 1s 08 g0 na too Earl of Chathem’s famous declaratlon that, If ho wers an American as ho was an Englishwan, while a sinzle foreign troop lay down his arms—nover, never, nover, - ———— The negroes of South Carolina are encouraged to cmigrate to Liberla by rcpresentations that thay may havo slaves of thelr own In that coun- try, and tap gumn-trets for champagne. Men who can be cheated by statoments of this de- scription ought to emigrate’ thoy are not fit to vote and govern in a Btaleof tho American Unlon, —— T. B. Burax has made so good a Commission- er for the District of Colunbia that there must We have bo s demand for Chicago men there. five Cominissioners who will shortly be outof office. They will gladiy accopt situations clse- where, Thoyare not, it Is well to say, men of the sama description as My, Biyay. e — Tho colored oralor at Chattanoogs sald that ‘*the stono which the builders neglected”” had taken tho shape of “an American sun,* and rlsen on tho 4th of March last as the Chicf Ex- ecutivoof the natfon. Thls, really, ts drawing 1t o little too strong. The mixture ls, however, artistic, sud worthy of the occusion. ettt e diotoringg ‘The spelling of *Keramlies’ 18 new, and fan- tastlc, and agrecable, but it Js not I'rect. The word should be keramiks or ceramics, Nobody should pronounce ** keramlks '’ who 18 not pre- pared to adopt aso Bornoxes, TUUKIDIDES, Kixeno, and Kelt. e ‘This {s a scason that tries the souls of men who write war editorlals. It is glorious fun writing the Russians back across the Danube; but it will be painful writing them a sccond tims over the Balkaus and far away towards Adrtanople, —— The London Zmea showa great good sense in 1ts romorks upon the President's trip In the South. It has had the prescience to discom the historical {mportanca of this tout, which soms of our contemporaries have neglected. e It Is hinted that Mars fésto {s desigued to provoke some imprudence 1rom the Radivals, lis ought to be more care- ful, Tho Radicals of Frauce, when they have been imprudent, have been too often mad, e — Mr. Mrens is Iying in bed and lotting the thing * float » through his mind, His mind used to be buoyantj it ought to beso sl Whatever may bo sald against him, he wasal- ways & wau of good intentlods. | Not the least marvelqgs things Ia connection with the President's recoption in Loulsyllle wera the adjectives of HENRY WATTBDSON, 6 It {s amusing to hear old Mr, SToRNY con- demning infidelity, What person or idea has be ever been falthlul tod | Who will toll the bell for the Sxxron! Not one. When he dles, there will be a atill alarm, f Now it is Plevna that {a to bo revictualed. We have been miasing Nichsich, PERSONAL. Ex-Senator Boutwall's edition of the Re. ‘vised Statates will be ready by Jsn. 1. #1 can tell yousome things,” said Jo Hooker to the veterans at Boaton, **apd you must Iet tue eloguenco go." f ‘The London Telegraph says Btanley is not Arclizfous man, but the Graphic has heard that he 1s a Congo-zatlonalist, Tho Londou Academmy says Theodors 'Thomas has dono more than any other man for £00d muslc in America, Bir.* Murrsy is now sole. owner of the Cold¢n Ruls property, and denles the reports of the fuancisl cmbarramsmonts of the paper. An ugbd Bostonian who Las just finished reading Shakapeare's plays for tha frat Lime says ofthem: **%Loy are aplendld—they sre glorious l fo Utab, keeping thelr offlces hero to catch busi- remained landed i his country he never would 1 Macdanox's mank- —far beyond my expectations. T toll yon, s, thera are not twenty men in Boston wha coyly have written thore plays.™ !* Of fow men dying at the aga of 80" 1, minrks the Athenaum. *ean 1t bo sal ao traly gy of M. Thiers that they have died too foun, Mr. Archibald Forbes, tho great war corrs, spondent of the Lonaon Daily Netcr, tecaivey $5,000 a ygar, whether ho is employed or not, Tackermai’s * Grecks of To-Day,” pu. lshed In London two vears ngo, has heen pablishog 1n Athoat in Modern Greek. A Greck newspager speaks of it as ‘*the only true pictnre of Greck * character ever presented by & foreigner, " Prof, Arthur W. Wright, of Yala Tollegy, has made an important dlscovery In electro.piay. Ing. . It is founded on tho volatilization of metaly by tha electrie current, and by means of 1 mirrorg can bo mado of siiver, fron, and othor metals, **Theo,” a love story, by 3=, Frap Hodgeon Nurnett, nuthor of **That Lase o 1,::: rie’s," which has recently attracted 20 mnch ntten. tion, 18 in the presa of T, B, Peterson & liralners Ph lisdelphia, for immediate publication, **Thegn will be In cloth and paper cover.’ Archdeacon Denison, of London, on (he i ocenslon of his twenty-firt harvest-home, rateq the potato flercely. 1le had mode up lis mind not to plant anotlier potato oa long as he lived, i, do #0 was simply to polson the ground and wasy the sced; and the more they planted that tuber 1y moro wonld they polson the ground, until it stani In theie nostrils.* : The Rov. I, 0. Morris u‘t to the Longdoy Times rccentty & most Interesting acconnt of ypy work of tho ** Yorkshire Penny Bank, " an inatitg. Hon of which, ha says, no othier Englah county canbosst. This bank has 260 branchies, with sy volunteer managors for cach branch, showing ng fewer than 1,560 gentlemen yolunteers engaged {n the work, The amount deposited was more thyg half & million nt tho ond of last year. showingan increasa of more than £89,000 in the yéar, Benator Coufiflng says, rather Jeeringly, !¢ A man who goes nbrond, and comes backim. presred with the Majesty and growth of hisong conntry, and better satiafied with i, ecems fo by altogether ot of fashion with a class of very inte]. lizent and auperior belngs. 1t1s thought quits large and fine to hunt out and magnify und dwey upon tha deficlencice and shortcomings, real of imaglped, of the American pcoplo, and blazoy them to the world, and then to fall down in adm. ratlon hofore tho grand people and thoe grandthings of other countries." An Amorican once said to Thiors, when the latter was President, ** Well, 3Mr. Thiers, |t you rre passing anywhere near my hotel the nest #ime you are in Paris I hopo you'll give me look in; 1ahall be very much ploased to ce you," Thiers' expresslon of amused surprize as ho looked up into the face of his guest wasa thing 10 be ry. mombored. **1a it possible,” ho acemed to ey, *that you can forget wlho I am; thatlam the Chief of tho State, and that I donot dropinge tako afternoon tea with overy forclgner who papt me & vialsr! - One of Jennio June's rocent lettars touches upon the baflding that is belng accomplished fn New York City, and claims that It will now com. pare favorably with any provious year. But the actasl number of bulldings crected dues ot teil tho story of the increaso of populstion, forall the new dwellings taka tho shapo of largo apsrtment houses; and many fine old mansons havo paesed ont of the hands of original owners and been turned Into private hotols or blocks of flats. Witn ho grealer activity in business this wunlcipal in. crease ought to go forward faste? than ever. Georgo Bancroft hias the roputation of boing oho of the most thoronghly educated of Jiv- Ing Amerfcans, When Jie was a student at Got- tingen he learned the Orlental langunues from Eichborn, nnclent history from Plauck and Heeren, nataral history from Llumenbach, and Greek and Romasn antiquities from Diezen, Ho efier- warda heard the lecturca of Woil, the famous Lo~ morlst, llegel, and Schleiormachor, Ifo bas been intimato with Rumboldt, Varnhagen von'Ense, Cousln, Schlosscr, Goethe, Benjamin Constant, Manzoni, Chevalier Bunsen, Nicbnhr, and a host of dead colebritics. Edward King is surprised ot the lying tele. grama unfriondiy to the Rusalans printed in Ea. glish and American journals, *‘Itis revoltingta think that our people have been condemned to be- lievosuch s monstrous lfcna that the Nuestans wero repulscd at Blofa with loss of §,000, when they lost not a man, aud metiwith no ropulss there, It {s monstrous to think that all the mendacions telegrama of the Turk-loving Vienna and London preas shoald bo forced bofore the eyes of our pub. le. Elihu Burritt's comparison of England tos stalned-glass window through which Anfericans get a falsely-colored view of Continental politica snd sifatrs, was a Very Just one," The New York Post judges that It would bo un. Juet to convict anybody on the unsupportod testl mony of Tweed; but, on tho other hand, [t 1s #im- ply fatzous to esy that Twoed's testimony is of no present, importance, and In no circumstances can be of any valae, ** Upon one aspect of the case ft will not take the public loog to form an opinion. 1f Tweed's story was In the posacssion of tha coun- scl of the people, and1if thoy were unable orua- willlng so to handlait as to prove it to be true, and 80 to couvict Tweed'a susactates, or to proveitto bo false and 60 to save the reputations of men ac- cused by Tweod more’ etfectually than they have been saved by one-sided investigations, it is tlma the people employed otner counact, " ® ‘The Cinclnnatl Gazells says: ** Thers was published s few woeks ago the description of the fraudulent contrivances discovered fn the collar of Bliss, the Philadelphla medium: and materfalizer of spirita, by a reporter of the I'hiladelphia TVmes, Dlisa was absont when tho scarcli was mady, and on his return prosccated the 2iniés for Uuel, e ¢ did not make much by this, for the dofenss pro- duced as a witnces the girl who baod been tratued to appoar as the spirit. Bhehad learned the * rich Iriah broguo and the swcet German accent,’ and had aleo appeared as o Quakoress, and in other characters. Other characters were roprescnted by Dliss® wite and an accomplice. Theao fucts came oat so clearly u the investigation that the tavles were turned, and, instead of getting damages oub of the Ttmes, Bliss and his asslstants woroe hold L0 ball for ewindling.™ When Senator Bogy, of Missouri, just dead, left hishomo Lo stady law In 1832, he placed in the hands of his mother tha followlug singulst document: ‘'Sts, Gsxxvieve, Jan, 10, 1802~ On thls dsy I left home, under charge of Mr Willtam Shannon, an old friend of my father, (o £0 to Kaskaskia, to read Iaw in the olice of Judge Pape. My education s very limlted, but, with hard study, 1 may overcome It, I am dotermined to try it,and my intention is to return to my native Btate to practica faw, f 1 can qualify myaoif, aod, ‘while dolng #0, to work to bocome United Btates benator for my native Btate, and to work for this untll Tam 60 years old, Iwlll pray Qod toglve e the resolution to persavers {n this Inteation. 1 ‘bave commanicated this to my mother aud given her this paper to keop, Bo belp me God. X “‘Lewi V, Boav." It may be recollected thal last year & de- wcription was published in the pspers of a novel excarslon thronghout Great Dritaln, glven by 8 Beottish gentleman to & private varty of ladies and gontlemen. He chartered & locomotlve aud 1hree coaches, —parlor, aloeping, and dining, —~furnished with plano sud other juxuries, with tratn-attend- snts and servants, asd, procuring the right of sunning over as much of any Hno as bo deslreds and Jaylog off upon sidertracke where 1t swited bim, the travel-enjoyments of tho faland were nostly exhausted in & fow woeks, stan oxpenss of sbout $20,000. It was Mr. James K. Cslrd, wealthy jute merchant of Dundes, and Jargely o strumental in the fotrodaction of Pullman coached upon the raliways of Great Dyjtain, IHole de- scribed as » modest, retiring gontlemas, and it % only by & private lettar that wo learn he lnlué in New York a fow days siuce; 1s tarrying st 'the Brevoort Honse, and will visit friends Io Chlcago. and will romaln somo time in thle country, 08 busiuess snd plessure, The New York T'imes notices that the rate of mortality among the colored peoplo of some of the Southern cities 14 startling. In Ricbmond tbe aserage of deaths among the negraes ia fully twics s great a8 among the whitea; and the mortuary reports of Charleston, Now Orleans, Mewpbis, 53¢ vaonoh, Augusts, Atlanta, and Moblls show dia- crepancies slmost ps romarkable. “In 8 e cent interestiog comwmunication on tals sabd- Ject; which wss published .in one of the Momphis popers, it sppars that tho oflic mortnary reports of that city show tbat dure ing the year 1876 thero were 05 deaths smong the whito population and 601 amony the negtoes In otheg Words, cansidering 1he propostion of wbils sod colored tnhabitanty, the death rate amonz the negross was nesrly four e as grest a4 unuz the whitey. Duriug the mouths of July sad A€ gust of tis year, the oftictat reparte show that 123 whites died sud 148 negrocs, or, considering toe proportion of the populsiion, more than five »é° groes Lo one white, g i