Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, August 25, 1877, Page 4

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: v5, I87TT—TWELVE PAGES. SATURDAY, AUGUST authority? ‘The Democracy of Pennsylen- nia, A Stata tiat cnst 366,158 votes for Tit- DEN, 42,975 mora votes than Ohlo gnve for the Usufruct, the second State of the Union in mize, wealth, and {mportance, adopted their platform the day beforo these load- ora of the Ohio Democracy madls their speechios, Did it give them any warrant for their unblnshing statement? Docs the plat- form contain any demsnd for the repeal of the Resumption act? Does it even defino {he position of these 166,000 Democrata on spocie-payment? o far from that, it makes no llpsion to the law, makes no issue on the currency question at all, but maintains a Vlank silence, 'Tho only two spocifio resoln. tions on finance which insisted upon the very measuros of which Messrs, PrabLEtox and Ewma are in favor woro summarily squelohed, and in their placo a vagno resoln- tion was adépted renfirming the finance resolutions of the national platform, which probably not ton men in the Convention remombered, and which, whether they did or not, insisted npon specie-psyment, which wipes ont the gresnback. The Maine Dem- ocrata tho other day adopted o platform. Do they find their suthority in thls decinration? It does ndt contain one 1ino in favor of the repesl of the Resumption act, or the rothonetization of silver, or of any measntro favored by Messrs, PrxpLrroN and Ewivo, nor does it mako any decinra- tion of any sort as to a financinl policy. There is nothing in tho Intest ulterances of the Now York Domocraoy or the Democracy of any Btate cast of the Alloghonies that gives them warrant for thelr uttorancos. ‘The real truth is that there is not omo among all the leadors in the Northern Demo- cratio States, not one among the Democrats who go to conventions and run them, maka platforms, and ropresont the sontiment of that party, who subscribes to the doctrines enuncisted by Messrs, PrNDLE- Ton ond Ewmva, Tho real truth is that this question 8 sectiomal or goographifeal, not partisan, and, in soeking to make it appear thnt it is distinotively & Re- publican party moasuro, these men aro guilty of malicious misroprosontation. They know thnt the vast mnjority of Republicans be- tweon the Alloghony and Rocky Mountalns nare opposed to the law 08 impraotical and unsafe; that thoy regard it as mischievous on private contracts ; and yot tha check, un- lers a frand, Is deawn ogainst an actnal de- posit of money, and the bank-note is in liko manner a representativa of money or secur- ity an deposit for ita redomption, whila the greenback is a naked promise, without a dol- lar on hand to redeem it, The difference botween n greenbnek and bank-notes, and all other form of substitules or represcntatives of monoy, Is, that it is a foreed note or logal-tender in the paymont of contrneta between individuals. Congress never by any chartor authorized the issue of legal-tendes notes by banksor individuals; it never authorized the frane of any form of “money.” What it authorized woa the is- sue of paper promising to pay money, lenv- ing overy citizen free to nceept such bank- nota or roject it in the payment of debts, at his plensuro. 'The greenback is_vastly more than that, Every man fa compelled to nccept thin paper promising to pay (but never pay- ing)dollars as fctunl, **lawfnl” money. The issuo of national notes, mado legal-tondors in payment of private debts, atands, therefore, swholly and distinct from all bank-notes, or other forms and descriptions of subatitates for money, This one when presentod is payment, absolute and final; the accoptance of the other is optional. The power of Congress to issno notes hav ing this character ns * lawfnl money,” in nd- dition to the ordinary character of prcmises to pay, has been decided by tho Supremo Qourt of the United States. In 1860 tho Supremo Court beld, ,in Herouny and Gnis- woLn, by n vote of 5 to 3, that no buch power existed. In that caso tho Court said: Woare obliged o concluda that an act making mero promises to pay doilars a legal-tender in pay= ment of debts praviously contracted 1s not 8 means appropriate, nlainly sdapted, really calcalsted to carry Into cffect any exprees power vested in Con- gress: that such an Act 1s Inconalstent with the spitit of tho Constltation, and that it 18 prohiblted by the Canatltution, Bubsequently the Conrt was ohanged by ho appointment of Judge Stroxe in placo of Judgo Gnren, and tho dppointment of Judge Bnaprey s an additional Judge, and tho provious decision was reversed by a voto of 5 to 4. Judges Miries and Braprey were two of the five Judges composing tho mnjority of the Court in tho last case. In tho cnse of Hernuny, Judge Miruen said ¢ The legal-tender clsaecs of tho statutes ‘nder conslderation werc placed emphatically, by thosa terday the Democrativ enudidato fur Gove ernor in that State Zearlessly informed his State Committes that ho was pleased to ob- gerva that tho platform adopted by the Con- vention which nominated him recognized the legality of the clection of President Hares. And now we have an ont-nnd-out Demo- cratio Convontion in 8agadahos County in- serting in its platform as one of its eardinal principles n resolution fally and Lreely in- dorsing the Republiean Prosident. Surely the political millennium is at hand. Zollverein would bo: (1) Absoluta free trade as botween Cannda and the United States; (2) the aammilation of internnl revenue taxes to a common standard; (3) tho revision of tho tarifis of both countrics in such & way s to mako them uniformj (4) tho dis- tribution of the revenue from oustoms be- tiween the to countries pro rata according to population. Far instance, Canada with her 4,000,000 of population might take one- tenth or one.eleventh, or some moro exact proportion, of the total receipts, and the United States the remainder. The plan roughly aketched above will give tise, we are well aware, to dorisive and shal. low comment from persans who hava not studled, or have only partinlly studled, the subject. It will be maid that Grent Britaln wonld not voluntarily consent to nbdi oato her position of cquality with “the mont favored nation.” This objection wonld be removed, however, if gthe United States would sgreo to revise the presont toriff fn sn intelligont and liberal spirit. Thero is a disposition {o do thisin nny eyent, since the busincss prostiation has demon- strated the {nefcacy of prohibitory dutiess and the consideration of gennine reciprocity with Canada would make the revision acom- puratively easy matter, Canadn, on herpart, might be required to raiss hor duties slightly. Bupposa the averago Conndian tarif on Brit- ish products to be 20 per cent, and the aver- ngo United Statos tariff to bo 45 per cont,— acompromise on the basis of 33 per cent would be againto both countries andto Great Britajn, England conld well afford to have higher imposta placed an ler articles sent Into Canada, for the privilego of selling ‘mora manufactured nrticles in the United States, Rociprocity thus arranged would ba gen- ulno and mutaally adrantageous, It would seonro to the United States forover the ben. efits of tho Onnadian connl system, which promises oventually to open tho inke ports to teasols of evory flag and nation, It wonld remove foraver from the courta of interna- tional arbitration tho flsheries question, the boundaries question, and all the other ques- tions which onr prosent anomalona relations ayo likely to produce. It would make tho Jabor market in Ameriea more elaatic‘nnd firm, {ucrensing both snpply and demand, sud furnisbing additional oloments of stn- Tye Tribwne, TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. BT MATL—IN ADVANCE—POSTAGE PREPAID, WEE One capy, per sead Chmof ten. Clab of twenty pecimen coplen X Ta prevent driny and mistakes, be sure and gire Post- Oft:ce nddresa in foll, including Btage and County. Ttemittanecs may be made cither by draft, ezpress, Post-Office order, of in registered letters, 4t onr sk, TENMA TO CITY AUBSCRIBERS. Tintly, delivered, Sunday excepted, 23 conts per week, Dy, delfvered, Sanday incinded, 50 conta bep woek, Addrem THE TRIDUNK COMPANT, Corner Madison and Dearborn-ate,, Chicago, it Orders fot the dellyery of Tie TRINUNE at Evanston. Fngleweod, and liyde Park leftin the couating-room il reccive prompt attentl TAMUSEMENTS, ‘Workingmen with grievances will actell to examine the example set by the miners employed by the Iilinois Cos! and Iron Coin- pany at LaSalle, The Company isin the hands of n Receiver appointed by the United Btates Circuit Court, and the men, having patisfied themselvos that they had beon wrronged by the Recoivor, come into court, nnd, after setting forth their ples, roly npon the laws for such relie? ns they may ba en. titled to. That this is the most sonsible action yet taken by disappointed working. men, there can be no quibble, and this potiont submission to the Ilaws will operato far more towsrd socuring them sympathy than all the strikes they could originate. MeVickor's Theatre, Madison street. between Steta and Dearbarn, *tBer- nphine.” Mesdsmes Meek, Maye, P'rice, etc.s Measrs. Wheclock, Hamilton, Pearson, cte. Aftersoon and ovenlug. Hooley’s Thentre. Tandolph atreet, between Clark snd LasSalte. gagement of the Union-Bquare Company. i Grandet.” Mesdsmes flight, Ieron, eta.i Mesers O'Nell, Parseile, etc. Afternoon dod eventng. En- The National Board of Trade yestordsy devoted a large portion of its closing session to n debate of the silvor queation. After throwing an {nnocuous sop to tho whalo of popular opinion by calling for an improb- able intornational congress to fix tho relative values of gold and silver, the Board gavo vont to its real foelings, and flatly decidod that silver fs useful in its way,—for ten- cent picces, wedding presents, gifts from, contractors to architools, ote.,—but that any attemps to again converd it into a stand- ard of valto conjointly with gold would meet their unqualified hostility, This dis- sppointing action can have no other tendency than to rekindle tho smoldering fires of infla- tion snd repudintion which have bean fanned by Democratic demagogues aud partinlly smothered by men of clearer vision only sfter the most untiring combat, The Board will sk, through ils Executive Council, for o rovival of fast mails, ond o distribution of facilitios based rajher upon territory than population. The closing de- liberations of the body were weakened by Adeiph) Theatre. Monsce strect, corner of Dearborn, **The Loog Btrike.” Misvsylvester, eic.) Mewrs Stoddest, Blats- Tell, etc. Afternoon andl evening. Cottan's Opera-flouse. . Monroe strect, near State, Vaudeville sad ** Roving Jack.” Atternoon nnd evening. SOCIETY MEETINGS. .LO COMMANDERY, RO, 1. RNIGITS TRMP: 2 AR O e o thix, Commandeey who dn: T o e cipate In tho, MIkrimago 1o Clevetand 18 to report at the Armory thls (!‘llflhll{) evens Ok proinpt. ArTansementa for tlie pile m'\\'.; ‘l‘)“le l\frl‘“ T;flnmvl‘l'r d e Commander. i to the T richnia) Conclave will be bro Fiarm the body. nor 1 (s ursenty requested that ax e e hour namod. A4 e prescat at the Lournaryed, PRNLGR, Keeorder. . 0. Tl B,~Grand Lako Exearston to-morraw (Rupe T L O vagy Fark, Aot e randed. by [iinola’ Lodgo No. Tioat e A iHde. 10130, ATV, returning at 7 p. 1oy Rauit stekota for ronnd tein, Including eniranca 10 ThirkShin, enchy chitdren tnder 3 yeark (reaj, 3 1o 12 years, 25 cts. Musicon boat znd [n Park. fekets Tiieed, . Il WARREN LODGE N0 2%, A. ¥, and A, T iemiing Communaein m-(e-mnfim Py lock_sliai at_hall, 72 to 78 Monroe streck T Vst ‘awkyd welvome. T piry A b Jusineas and_wo tho withdrawnl of many delegates, notably | who enacted thom, npon thelr necessity to tha | now and franght with atill more mischiof in | bility. There could ncver bo n better order of the W. M. J. 1. DUNLOP, Secretary, thoso from Chicago, the vicissitndes of whoso | farther l‘sxormwlng of money and maintalning the | the future, n:} affecting the matorlal interests npp:;tunlly than the prupn;:, times intoresta in o fluctuating market precluded | 37y 2 mavy. of tho country. Thoy know that tho pro- | sford for bringing the Isborers of BATURDAY, AUGUST 25, 1817, o protracted sojourn away from home. du-i}';:tg’g]:*:fl::r. lhgx:;‘h‘"ugn& whoso vole | ailing sentitent of the West, Republican b‘nth Tnnnnfrlou into direot compoti- id nse 8 language : d of | tion, Th ars 1OW oOn K common UHICAGO MARKET SUMMARY, Pormisaion was given M, Haxes, of De. ’ o8 woll aa Democratic, s ono way, an oy are The power to make Treasury-notesa Jegal-tender, whilo n mera incldonts] ane to that of fsmdng the notca thomeelves, and to one of the forms of bor- rowing monoy, (s nevertheless a powor not to be resorfed to except on extraordinary and pressing occanions, auch a8 war, or other public exigencies of great eravity and importance, and should be no longer exerted than sll the circamstances of tho case demand. 'Fho other Judges who affirmed the con- stitntionality of the law placea great stress on tho condition of the country at tho time, the nocossity for monoy to carry on tho (Government, and held that, the necessity exisung, Congress was tho judge of tho moans necessary to moot it. We conceda that the Court devided only tho question before them, which was whather greenbacks issued under the sot of 18062 and subsequent aots could bo made o logal-tonder for presoxisting dobts; but the grounds on which thoso afirming that power placed their opinion leave no doubt that the Court wonld be nearly nuanimous, if not fully o, in dnnylngufifi; a?‘fn of peace, in the pbsence of ‘‘war or ather public ex- igéncies of ‘groat gravity and importance,” nd gtioh powor could constitutionally be ex- orcised. - That no such decision has boon rendered i8 true; but the 10corded opinions of the Judges leave no room for doubt ns to what such decision will be whonever a caso is presented bringing that issme befors thom. troit, to print a speech in the records, for the hearing of which the Doard could not'find time, and it is roproduced in tho dispatches this morning, The Benate of rich men dispersod with an unsurpassed atmosphere of harmony prevailing, the action in regard to Canadian rcciprooity having eontributed largely to the production of good-fecling and eatisfaction. The. Chicage produca markets were frreguiar sesterdsy. Mess pork closed ateagy ot $12,102 12,1145 pee brt for Scptomber and $18.174 for Octobor, Land closcd 74%c por 100 loa higher, st 8R.20 for Beptembor and $8.25 for Oclober, Icaty weto steady, ot 43¢ for loose shoulders and G%c for do short ribs. Lake freighta were aetivo ond easy, at 3¢ for corn to Duffalo, High- winea wero steady, at$1.00 per gallon, Floor was quict and firm. - Wheat closed 14@2%¢ higher, at §1,07% for Angust and 00)c for Bep- tembor. Carn closed Jic lower,at 41%c for August and 41%c for September. Osts cloaed ateady at 23t5e cash and 24¢ for October. Niyo closed firm nt G2%ce. Barley closed strong at T24@7ic for Bcptember, llogs were moderately active and closed weak at 10c decline,at $4.50@05.30. Cattle wore moro active and firmer, fale to best grados averaging 10@1214c highee. Bales at $2.00@0.25. Bheep wore dall and nominal.” Ono hundred dol- 1ars in gold would buy $104.12% In green- acke ot the close. the East another, ond to seck to misrepre- sent it will not ndd strongth to the Demo- cratla party in Ohio, or increnso tho roputa- tion of Mossrs, Pexprerox and Ewia 88 d mion ._——-—! —— RECIPROCITY WITH CANADA. The resolutions of the National Board of Trada on the subject of Canadinn reciprocity recommend the appointment of Commisaions on both sidea to devis some sclieme of ad- justment. Perhaps it would liave beon in- expodient for this Board to bring forwand & comploto plan of reciprocity ; but wo cor tatnly bad roason to look far & Lroader viow of the subjoct than that contained in the ro- rt of tho Committco. The statements that % a Zollverein would ba wholly incon-. sistent with the existing relations betweon Canada nud Great Britain,” and would * not at prosent bo matisfactory to our Cnnadisn nelghbors,” are surprising, and indicate’ 8 want of fnformation on the part of the Com- mittes that was 1ot to havs been expacted. Tho_fundamental propositionin- the dis- cussion of Canadlan ‘reciprocity is this: No reciproclty can exist without tho admis- slon of American manufactures, or some of {hem, into tho Dominion of Conada fres of duty, Any trenty which shall not contaln this easentlal provision will not be a reciproc- ity treaty, but n discriminativo treaty by which the United Btates will gain nothing and loss much,’ Any other proposition com- ing from Canadn will be an fnvitation to the gamo of °** HoadsI-win, tails-you-lose,” of which the United States have had nmple ex- porionce in the past.” The old treaty pro- vided only for tha interchange of raw ma. teriala and agricultural products. The effect of it waa to cansesomosalos of inferior grades ot American graln in Cannds, while the best gradea of Oanadian wheat sud barley wero introduced into the United States. Cnoadinn Jumber waa . also brought {nto tho Uhited States in considerable quan. titios. 'The operation of the treaty probs. Bly did not injuro tho United States in any marked degreo, but neither did it benefit them; on the other Land, it conforred an enormous benefit on Canada, which manu. factures littlo aud grows much, and did not demand any corrospouding concession from that-conntry. Tho United Btates wore ro- quired to give something for nothing. Now, this may be a fine state of affalrs in sentl- ment, but it {s not {n business. Tha ecionca of govornment Is not sentimental. It does ot contemplata the exorcise of acts of bo- nevolence as botween great nations; and any interpretation of it which produces such re- sults is false in theory and pernicious in practice, ; ‘The Zollverein, which the National Board throw out of the disqussion as impracticable, must be the feature of every equitable schems of reciprocity, There are many reasons why & Zollvercln should be establisbed, and none why it should not be. Tle frontier streich- ing betwoen (anads and the United Btates is gomo 0,000 milosin length, and the protection of sach o frontier, which for a great part of the distauce is merely an imaginary line, i practically impossible, Becrelary Bais- wow, In ono of bhis reports, used the following langusge iIn this con- peclion: “The diffoulties attending a proper surveillanco of our northern fron. {ier are, under existing cfroumstances, very great, if not in some vospocts insurmounta. ble,” Those diflculiies would be at once removod by the establishment of free trads o4 betweon Cansda and the United Slates, footing; and, ns one of tho members in the Bonrd admitted, our manufacturcrs have no favors to ask from Canndain this reapect. Ho might have added that wo have no favors to asl from Cnuada in any refpoct. Wo ara not clamoring for raciprooity} it is they. Wo do not want to aunex the Canndas, or to af- fect in any way their political fnstitutions, which are of Iater origin and moro flexibls than our own. But, if rociprocity docs como, 1t must come eventnally in some such way as we have indioated. The peopla of? the TUnited States would be foolish to accopt any- thlag lesk: iy DIFFERERCE BETWEEN BAWK- NOTES ‘AND LEGAL-TENDER NOTES, Tt 1o objection to this to ray that tho tevern- ‘ment mast not go Into the banking business. lasu- {ng carrency ie no part of Tegitimato banking busi- net Tsauing currency fs the prorogative of tho soverelgn power, and no bank. either State or Natlonal, over issned a dollar withont the pawer to do 20 balng conferred vpon it by a charter from tho soverelgn, This soverelgn then hiad the powor, or it conld not confer 1t upon another, A soyereign cannot confer powers that he does not himsolf possess. 'The conferring of the power upon & bank {0 fasue currency lsa special privilege. Iinsiat that'the Government shoulil oxerclse this power for the benefit of the whole people, §n the mude abova atated, and not confer it apon particnlar corporas tions, ealled banks, to be used by the incotriora- tors a8 means of speculating.ant of, the peopla by Jonning It upon usury,—Lstter of J. DBuckanan lo Chlcago Tribune, ‘Thia paragraph expresses the opinion of o large number of persons who favor the un- limited issue by the Government of logal- tender motes. It is utterly fallactoun in all respocts. The writer rofuses to understand what he is writing about, The nssertion that # g goveoreign canmot confer powers npon others which he does not possess himsalt,” doos not need be argned with reference to this onse, because the point does not arise, Issuing * currency " in the nature of non- legal-tender pnpor, promising to pay #monoy " on demand, 1s just as logitimate for no individaal or bank s for the Govern- ment. A Btate moy grant a charter to a company of persona to isaue their notes to thoss who voluntarily agree to take them, or Congress may grant such charter, or Con- gress may issuo such motes, orindividunls may issue thelr notes it anybody will take thom. Butall this is widely different from isaning irrodeemable notes in time of peacs, and compelling people, nolens volens, to recetve ‘them in payment of debts duo them from other persons,—thgt is a horse of altogether another breed and color, The power to charter corporations fs onc that has been liberally exercised by all the Btate Governments, And by the General Goy- crnment, and _his power has estended to the {ncorporation of banks. Blars thaa lalt a contury ago Congress chartored the Ne- tional Bank, withipower to establish branchies in all the States. Congress in like manner issued Trensury-notes (not legal-tenders) nt avery early period, and continued to do so at intervals down to 1862, Congross also onactod a genoral Banking law, under which aro established the Nationn! Banks, All these banks, as well those crented by State law os thiose created by laws of Congress, were nu- thorized to isauo bank-notes, under certain restriotions. Tt was not until February, 1862, however, that Congreqs oxerclsed tho power to make its own notes—promises to pay ** dollars "— legal-tender in the psyment of debts between individuals. That was the first time that ex- traordinary power was' ever excroised by Congreas. Previous to that time what is called *‘paper money,” whether Issued Ly ‘banks or others, were mere promises to pay money, which it was optional with any per- son to recelve or wnot, Every man bos "the privilege ta fssue his mnote or check payable on demand or Ono of the nowspapers which eontends that Congress may iasue nn unlimitod quon- Uty of forced notes in time of peace, and mako them n legal-tender for the payment of private debts, and is not bound to pay any regard to tho $100,000,000 limit plodge, aup- ports its opinions with such nassumptions as this: - The Conetitntlon permits Congress to coin monoy-and regulsts the.value thersof; to borrow money on tho credit of tho United States; to pay the debta and provide for tho common dofonse and general welfare of the Unlled States; to make all laws which may be necessary for carrying into cffect thesa various powers. On the otlior hand, it i provided that no State shall coln money, emit bills of credlt, or make snythlng but gold and sflver a tonder In payment of debts, Dy plain jmplfcation the United Stegos le endowed with the right to emit billa of crodit, make something olse than gold or silver & tender in payment of dobts, as woll as to coln money. The power to do #ll thres plalaly rests somewhere. 'Thora must bo 1in politics an absolnto sovercignty vested in some- body to perform these acts, when tho general wolfare seoms to roguira it. The power to mako something cxcept gold and silver a tender In puy- ment of debta is nznmul{ pronibited ta tha States, 1t muat, therefore, rest In Congress or in tho *'poople,' Theouly way the people can uso it {8 thirough thelr representatives in Congress or in 1ho State Leglslatures; they are barred from act- ing throngh the latter by the Constitution, and shut up to Congreas as the sourco through which this sovereignty can os made eftective. The power to do this extraordinary thing fa vested in the *' people,” and they havo never yot conferred it upon any ngents. Thoy have not inserted tho power in tho Constitntion, and Congress is limited by the provisiona of the Constitutfon. State Governments may do whatover is not forbid- den by the Constitution, while the National Qovernment ocan only do what is authorized by that Instrument. The claim that Con- gross may oxercise such n tremondous power o4 issulng forced notes in limitless quanti- tles in time of peace by' authority. of “implication," is & monstrous presumption, and is based on nothing excopt .unreflecting foolishuess. The powers of Congress aro derivod by dirsct grant from tho Constitu- tion, and not otherwise, Congress does mot deriva its power 1o coin money from tho clanse which prohibits the Blates from doing so, 1t does not follow flat Congress mny g M Groonbacks ot the Now York Stock Ex- change yesterday closed at 06. Dr. Buss, Senator Monton's physiolan, pronounces Lis pationt out of danger, and expreasos tho beliof that ho will speedily re- cover, should no unexpectod complication in- terfore. Tz Triovne of to-day containa an illos. trated articlo on the npproashing oppositions of Mars and Saturn, showing the positions of thoso plonets among the stars of Aqua- rius, sud giving information in regard to the uso that astronomers will make of thedouble phenomenon. PENDLETON AND EWING ON RESUMP. 'TION. It 1s very ovidont that the Democratio party has alrondy dotormined to conduot its campalgn upon a basis of misropresentation and false stalement “of issucs, both in ita State platforms and stump-speoches. We have already commented uponthe inalncerity and transparent wophistries of the Ponnsyl- yania Democmtlo platform, and now come Messrs, Pexnpreron aud Ewine, as tholonders of the Demacratic party in Ohio, and boldly and unblushingly misstate the position of their opponentsgn the opening spoeches of tho campfiign in that State, mado the very day after the adoption of tho Ponnsylvania platform, which gives the lia direct to their utterances, Mr. PexpueroN says in his spacch, and Mr, Ewino re-echoed the senti- ment, that the Resumption law is exclusive- 1y o Ropublican measuro, and that, **on the other hand, the, Democratio party is clearly and fally committed against the law,” Both speakors put thia issue sharply, aud malntain that all who are in favor of repealing: the Resumption act are Democrata, and all who sre in favor of enforcing it are Repub- licans. This is -a buld, blank statement,’ and should rest upon evidence ns emphatio 08 the doclaration itself. Where do they find that ovidence? By what authority do they declare that the Democratio party s cloarly committed dgainst the law? The court of last appeal in declding this question is (bo National Democratio platform. That platforn boldly insists upon resumption, and denounces Ropublicans for not bringing it sbout. 'The only fear of the National Dem- ocratic party, in convention assembled, was that the act of resumption would ngt bring {tabout; the only foar of Mesars, PxnpLrron and Ewma is, that It will® The Dgmocratio party, not of Olio, but of the United Btates, sdopted in jts platforn tho following meas- ures: We denonnce thoe failure, for all theso cleven ycars of peace, to mako gucd fAe promise of ihe legal-tender notes, which are a changing standard of value ln lLe hands of the people, and the non- paymentof which is & dleregard of the plighted 1aith of the nation. We denounce tha Improridence which. In cloven In tho suit brought against Mr. Wintram McKes by the Government for damages scoruing from his complicity with the St. Louis Whisky Ring, the defondant lins filod & domurrer to the first 4G4 counts of tho bill, claiming that the offenso is barred by tho statute of limita. tions. 'To tho other 1,108 counts he answers that, having boen once tried, convicted, sen- tenced, and pardoned for the crime therein allegod, such experienca is a porfoct defouse to tho action. Mhero {a conafdorablo improvement in the Constantinople atrocity mill, which has now been serowed down to details, and which comes {o the front once more with some ter- ribla stories of outrago and massacre by the Tassians i Bulgaria. Nothing sppesrd to Dave been omitted by the feroclous Musco- vites, who aro reprosonted ns slsughtering men, women, And children ruthlessly, and adding most fearfnl borrors to the death of tho women. Thoe story is told with great ot~ tention to circumstance and particular, and makes anothor pleasant chapter of the cheer- fut fiction svith which tho Turks have em- Dellishod the war. ey Tt ia catimated by authorities at Spring- fleld that the cost to the Btate arlsing from the late riots will approximate $200,000. Cluims are constantly pouring in, and $1,000 Liave been paid ont of the Governor's con- tingout fund to liquidate tho more prossing. Bills for tho pay of tho troops must stand over until July, as under the Militia 1ct tho tax provided for, it collected at all, will not be avallable until then. A question 1108 boen raised whother—as no military ap- propriation whatever appears in the general lovy act specifying the amount and pur- poscs for which the levy is made—there can ba any collection of the tax. merm—— The Doputy Mayor of Evreux, France, conceived a brilliant idea during the yecent visit of Presidont Aachason to that place. On tho arrival of the great Marshal Lis ad in- ited from doing. Congress is expressly an. thorized to coin mouey and borrow money, whilathe Statea are expressly prohibited from colning money or issuing legal.tender paper to pass as wmoney. Slates are prohibited from granting *“any title of nobikty”; does . it follow that the * absolute sovercignty” to do this must yest in Congress, because de. nied to tho Btates? The power to issne legal-tonders was clalmed under the power to borrow money, the exigencios of war ro- quiripg this extremo messure of forced loaus, I persons will romomber that the greenbacks are made monoy to the extent of compelling individuals to accept them In payment o private debts, they wil) under- terim Honor, with & great flourish | OB time, and if hecan find any porson (o | years of veace, hiaa taken from tho people a Fed- a8 thers is no other way of removing them. | stand the wide differenca in the, power ex- of his oratorical trumpets, dilated | takeit. A very larga portion of the busl. | €73l taxos thirieen imes the whole amount of tbo | Moreover, tho extinction of smuggling would | ercised in that case and in that allowlng jo. upon the besutics of & Republican | ness of the country in performed by the l.fi';:‘m:r 5‘,‘,,:1‘3..‘“:%3%3‘5&3'&',";‘;'; ot be the anly, ot the chyjefeat, bonefit of a | dividuals to issue bank-notes which are not form of government, expressing the | agency of checks on bauks, which are used | reserve for thelr redensption. Zollverein. It would bring the United States legal money, and whish no man is obliged to take in payment of debts betweeu indi. viduals, _ If they will remember that green- backs, though made *lawful” money, sre not **dollars,” but promises to pay dollars, which promise there is no way to enforce, they will understand why tho exercise of such an extraordinary power should be con- fined to time of war sud great natigual peril. At such times the Government can men, by draft and force them before the cannon's mouth to be killed or maimed. It can séfize the horses, food, clothing, wagons, implements, everything of the people. It con do auything to defeat tho onemy sud save tho pational life. If can oven then fssue ¢ promises to pay " and vie. late tho promisq; it osn compel people to sccept such broken promises mot only in poyment of property sold fo tho Govorn- muent, but in payment of debis botwoen individuale, in order to make such notes hope thnt the shadow of the wgis might never bo less, with much other fine senti- ment which he felt cortaln the President could not fail to sppreciate. Maohason returned to Paris, and the Deputy Mayqr is uow ruminating upon the" unvertsinties which do hedge about all things political. T T . Maine Conventions, with an eye to their State motto, “ I lend,” are surprising the country frequently of lste by the poculiar turu they are giging thoir resolutions, There isevory evidence that the maching men have fuiled to catch the eye of the Chalrman, sud that the people have sought the opportunity to infuse a little of the irue public sentiment joto their platforms. Ouly a few days ago wa wore told that a Republican County Cou- vention, ignoring the examplo set by the Btate Couvention, unequivocally indorsed Yresidunt Hares' Bouthorn poliay, But yese s a subsatitute for money, Tho bank checks passing through the Olearing-House in Clu- csgo foot up in oxcesa of twenty mill jons of dollars s week, or over one thousand 1illions of dollars & year; while in thirteon clties, inclading New York, tho traasactious of the Clearing-Houses in by first week of August amounted to $500,000,000, or $26,- 000,000,000 in the year. We cita thosa fig- ures to show how great is tha volume of cash payments made in business by the sgency of substitutos or representatives of money. Until, therefore, February, 1862, there was naver such a thing known in this country ns & papor promiss to pay money made & logsl-tender, which people would be compelled to accept. Wo do not know that it hos ever been claimed that Congross cyn mako & check on a bank, or the promissory uote of sn individusl, or & bauk.note, & logal-tender in the payment of debts founded ‘We donounce the financisl imbecility snd fm- morality of that party, whicl, dunng eleven yoars of peace, has mads no advance loward resumplion, 10 preparation for reumption,s but instead Las obstructed resumption by wasting our regources oad exhausting all ous surplas lucome; and. whilo snunally professing to futend & specdy retarn 10 specie-paymets, Las aonoually wnaclsd fresh bindraoces thereto. As such a hindrance, we de- nounce the resumption clause ol the sct of 1875, wad we hers demand its ropesl. What suthority do Messre, Pewprrron and Ewixo find in these declarations—one of which denounces Republicans because tha legal-tender notes have mot been“paid of, the second of which denounces them for not scoumpulating $360,000,000 in gold for re. sumption, anfi anothor of which denounces them for waiting until 1879 to resume—war- ranting them in their statement that the Democratio party is committed against the law? . - Io what State platforns do they find their . and Conada into the closs commerolal rela. tions which they are fitted by circumstances to enjoy; remove the perpeinal causes of border misunderstandings and disputes; pro- mota Larmony as betweon the Anglo-Saxon’! races of the American Continont, and inure equaily to the prosperity of both parties con- cerned. ? 3 The plan of an Amoerican Zollverein csn be sketched in advance with precision, There is the history of the German revenus union to guide ns. It began in 1818 under the leadership of Prusala. The limits of its operation st first embraced only thres Stajes, sud a population of 10,000,000. By 1865 it bad drawn in eloven more Blates, making tha total population under it 856,000,000, Ultis mately it paved the way lo German unity, snd brought under a common Revenue law the magnificent Gorman Eupire a8 we eca it to-day. The main points in au. Americen L § do everything which the Btatea aro prohib., cirenlate as currency, YBul this lIast is an extrema Atretch of arbitrary power for which there ia no nuthority in tho Constitution, except ns Congress isn ' Iaw nnto itself " in time of extremo nattonal®peril. Issuing promises to pay that are not to be paid in such n powor ns dare only be used in ex. traordinary emergencios. Admit that Con. gress may oxorcise such power in time of peace, and it can min millions and annihilate the value of the curroncy by the simple process of watoring it, and to do which thero would be irresiatible temptations, No domand of the Communiats is fraught with #o much mischief or dangoer ns tho assertion that Congress has tho constitutional power fo emit in time of peace s many legal- tender frredoemablo hrokem promises to pay a8 it pleases. now ho cents o day? PennLitox eald #o in iy parthan ape but e lfed by avout 400 pep cent. ‘The nssertion that thero are B,000,000 of idle workera is equally folae, and we donet belleve that Harper's Weekly sall any sy thing. There are not twice three miillona of peole of both sexes atile to work In all fng cities and towns In the United States, pn gy truo that half the urban working populationy can find nothing to dot No, It is 88 wide of tlq truth as tho othcr statement. e et——— PEnprETON'S spoech, which was intensely partisan, denounced the Republican party tye not having devised relfef mensures slnce thy panie. The Democrate’cami into power in thy 1Iouso of Representatives tho year afler thy panie, andt continued In control of the popalay branch until the 4th of Jast "March, What pe. “Hef measures did Mr. PRNDLETON'S party do. viao and pass on iarif, revenue-reformn, curren. cy, silver, or anything! Echo answers—Whag ‘The answer is, None. £ Tho self-atyled workingmen are producing nn extousivo liternture of platforms, Anoth- er one was added to tho list on Thursdny night by the fuglemen of a small erowd on Market street. Tho offhth plank reads: 4 Abolition of duties on tho mecessaries_of life, the burden of which is Qoma by the poorer classes.” It would puzzle the autiors of thik resolution to enumerate the nrticles that shonld go on tho free list, and*where the line ahiould be drawn. 'There ai so fow of tho ‘‘necessaries of life” exclusively consumed by the ** poorer classes,” that it' would be exceedingly. difficult to soparato them from the commodities consumed by other classes, What shall wo except? Will it bobroadcloth for mon and silks for women ? Are theso articlos of so-called Juxury worn only by the richer classes ? Lot Mr. Henny F. 8uenoan and Jonn McGruvaay, who run the meoting and wrote the resolntions, tnke a look at tho audiences to-morrow that coma out of tha churches attended by sorvant.girls and laboring men and comparp their attire withs the dreascs of tho people that n ost of them work for, and seo if the former nre not dressod aa fashionably and well aa the Intter. Looked nt i their Sunday.go-to-meeting clothes, it is rather diflioult to tell which is the poorer and which the richer class; which the mistresa and which the maid; which the master and which the man. Near- ly all thoe women of both classes have silk dresros and stylish bonnels; and the men brosdoloth conts, *“stove:pipe” silk hatsy aud the shoes of the ladics and boots of tha gents aro all high-heelod and fine leather, woll sbined up. Why should mot the duties bo reduced on silks and broad- cloth as woll as on calicoes and jenus, secing that the wagea clusses patronize tho former a3 universally as do the employing classes? Auother plank reads: **That evidence of in- debtedness, national as well rs porsonal, be taxed," Tho national bonds that hnvo boen sold contain tho stipulation made with the purchasers that thoy are not lo bo taxed. Do Messrs. Buenipay and McGiLvaax want that part of the contract violatod and re. pudiated? Do they dosirs the Government tolovy a tax on its own indebtednoss, and 1hat, too, in the face of the agresment not todo so? As to tho right of Statos and municipalities to tax Federal bonds, the Su- preme Court hns decided that it cannot bo done. Tha Court says that, it States and municipalities were permitted to tax the ob. ligations of the Gonoral Government, it would be in their powor to destroy its oredit and so disabloe it that it conld borrow no money in tlme of war or peace. 'The Government hasrecontly soldseventy millions of bonds ot par for gold ab sour per cent. If thoso bonds had beon lisble to Foderal, Btato, and muniaipal, taxes, they would not lave sold at par for loss than 8 or 0 por cent. Tho people ara saved about half tho intorest on those bonds by virtue of their not belng taxablo. On the sound principlo, that * a dollar saved is worth more to a man than a dollar gained," it is more profitable to the poople to save in the rate of intereston bonds than to attompt to gaiu by taxingthem. ‘Thissubjoct has been fally discussed and set- tlod yoars ago, and it is too lata to bring It up now. However, most of the planksof thislast platform we can subseribe to it is infinitely moro moderate and common sonse than any of the wild nnd revolationary utterances of' tho Communiatia loafors and dead-boats who havo fired off their incendiary and destruc. tive programmes of late. ‘The Georgia pestilence, sometimes known gy Bos TooMns, has broken out afresl, a8 follnws: They [thecolored peaple] nro to be govorned ay every race of paupern are gaverned—hy thasa why own the property and glve them bread: and just the saine as Lho red man ia governed. No Inferir mnan, noman withoutcivllizatjon, hias a ehance iy thia race, and 1 want to snvo this penple irom thefy worst fortuncs §n tho contest, AR his friends tneg 1o cantrol him by farco and by fraud, x50 will con. trol him Ly fraud and furco to prevent hhn from bringing ruin to ne, Thero isn’t & colored man in the Bouth whe {sn't a better man than Bon Toosns, —— Alter all its struzgles, thoere is a chance thap New York will Iall behind Brooklyn in the es- tablishment of rapid transit. The objections to fachlitica in transportation have beon ralscd by vroperty-owners at the upper end of the Island, who bave stesdily opposcd all schomes leat they result in deprecintion of property. Droukiyn, on tho contrary, has always been rendy, and, with her.new plaus, sho bida falr to precipitate the very disaster to New York that Now York las feared, Lest samo mistako the man, we woull sy that it is J. IL. Wirriams, Demoeratie nomines for Governor of Malne, who urggs respect for Jaw and constituted authoritics, and not Blue. Jeeurs WitLians, the rioter’s friend, In In. dlava. Not a single Democratic paper has taken up the mistakes in Blblical quotation of which Prestdent . HAYESs was guilty at a Néw Hamp. shire camp-mecting. Probably they did not de. tect them, 2 ———— 1t tien. BHERMAN pronounces GIonoN's baw. tlo o pronounced success, after that General had Tost twonty-five or thirty men, what will ko sny of the victory of HOWARD, who only lost his liorscs? v % ——————— Preaident HAYRs is golhg slow In this Birrisg Buww business, for it hio takes him back from Canada, down comes England with an uffer to extradite the potato-bug, ok il S PERSONAL. The Rev. Mrs, Pheobo Hannford snys the time [ coming when Christlans can be told by the iz ot their heads. What wil tho alze bot Mary Anderson, the actress of Loulsville, 1s to mako her debnt at the Doston Theatre Oct. 16. This will be her first appearnnce in an East. ern city. a Tho Trustees of tho University of North Carolina havo clected Prof, F. W. Simonds, of Cornolt University, Profossor of Nataral llstory in the former inatitution, 3 4 Doacon " Gray, o well known oddity in Northera Ohlo politics, dicd tn Washington a few dayssgo, Ile was a brother of J. W, Gray, the founder of the Fiain-Desler, B Mr. Doun Piatt is not renowned either o & moralist or an economist; and when ho ssp 44gho nceumaulation of proporty te a mean fnsttnet” wo fear that he meditates bankruptey. . Luoy Btone and Honry B, Blackwoll art golngdut to Colorado to work up the woman-fuflrage causs. They say tho cxpenscs will bo unusually hoavy, and ask the faltufa) to contribato. What . will the barvest bo? Patti must come to Amerion, Shehas just finished a scason InLondon; Parls {8 oloscd fohet by reason of thodivorca procecdings; the prospects In 8t, Putersbarg, owing to the war, sre discourag ing; and America is tho only feld open, As tht New York Zribune remarks, she will como sorelyg against hée will, but it 1s not probablo aho witl sing any tho worso on that acconnt, Presidont Bartlott, of Dartmouth Colloge, belloves that ** the bayonot and the bullet, grape- what'and caniater,” atq the romadies for lsbor disturbances, 'The New York oun romarks upon hat, if ll the members of tho Rev, Mr. Barte rofeselon had done thelr duty during the 1aat 100 years, thero might not bave been nuy occar sion for using pall cartridges last month. §ir Thomas Neville Abdy, Bart., who died In London on tha 20th of July, twolvo days aftor Lila wife, was remarkable aa beionging to tho most liverally-baroneted family in Great Britain, Tley all came from o Yorkshireman, Anthony Abdy, who settled in London at the end of the sixtecnth eentury, and becamo an Alderman and mado a for- tuno. Each of his thres sons was mado a Darouet, ‘Tho Hartford dead.heads werc taken in a few davs ago. Tickots Wad been dlstributed for the South Carolina Jubliee Bingers, with the stip- ulation that no gentleman bearing a fres ticket should bu admitted uuloss accompaniod by a lady, ‘The dead-heads found, when thoy resched the Liall, that their tickots wero good only for the up- per gallery; and, as thoy had ladies with them, tloy wero obliged to buy tickets to the maln ball. Tho New York Post hoa a bitter editorial on the aabject of instruction in Hnglish Literatars at Yale Colleyo. Toe writer maintalne that, while progress 1n every other direction has boen warked, tlo Dopartment of English Literature haa lagged Prol. Northrop, who 3 1n charge of the Chalr, haa bacome tho Collector of Customs st the Yort of Now Haven; and there {a & widespresd foeling that he ought to confine_his attentions exclusively lo one of his oficea or to the other, Mr, Herbert Bpenoer, fu_his last paper on +4 Boclology," takes substantially the ssme posic tion a3 Mrs. Woodhall with regsrd to the marital e polnts out that the umion by law ered essential during the revalution of movogamy, wljereas recent progress has ali been In the direction of elevating (ho unfon formed by affoctlon. o belt that **there will comes time when the union by affection will be held of primary moment, and the unlon by law a» of sec ondsry moment; whence reprobation of mantsl relations in which the unlon by affection has been dissolved.” The Russlan Agenay quotes the following commanication to the Golos, dated Sebastopol: **Mr, Harford, tormerly Consul la tho Criuica, hagurgently requeated Capt. Baranoft, tho cof manderof the Veats, tobe allowed to serve yolunteer on doard that ship, In- order that people in England may see and know the place for & true Enghshman in & strugglo for the rights of opp! humanlty and for liberly, Capt, Darauof re- ferred him to his wuperior. Admiral Arks plied by telegraph that, comaldermg the nobls motives of hia roquest, he would atthorizs Me. Harford toserve as s volunteer-ia tbe besolo ranka of the Vesta," Mr. T. Wemyss Reld, in his * Charlolte Bronte Amonogrsph," sasrts positively that the name of Drente was onginally Prunty, Ue says there is no doubt upon one point, that.** the a- cumbent of Haworth in early lifa bore the name of Prunty, snd it was not unthl very shortly befure be left lreland for England tbat be chsnged it at the “request of hls patron, Me. Tighe, for the wmore euphoniout appellation of Broato." Thls ssscrtion is flatly denled by & msmber of the Uronle famny ins letter o the Herald. The wnier slio bas aomething to 83y sboat the surenty with which ck Bronte has been dealt With by the Biokrs: phers of bis daugbter. Mayne Reid iy said to be s remarkably clever mau, btut delclont in balancy, When Be sorved In the Mexican warbe wass grestdundy and woro more braid on his coat tban auy otbet man inthe army, loved the Iadies, and got ou deril- ish sprecs once s wmonth. At Purblos bo rd $hrough the heart s druuken soldior who tiied to strike buo with bls mapacled bands. He was wounded st Chapultepes, whoro be fed fh p- porting company, but &s ba charged ogaln Buots did not mentlon bim for prowotion. "_A\l rizbt,” was Held's rcply; **Ithiuk tho 1an who gets in his licks Aret is tho best men. Itis n‘n\l s ‘difescuce of opiulon between two grest ek, . To the Edttor o) The Tribune, Cmcmo}’ Aug. 23, ~Will rou lcaro Inform me 1 1 siate the eilect of tho {ibrations of **sapply and demand™ properly iu the following atatoment: 17 the supoly of labor is in excoss of the demasnd one-fifth, and by such oxcess bearing tho prica of it down to 22 per day, would not a ro- tuctlon of two hours, or one-aith, in the duration of |abor, neceasitate tha omployment of the other one-fih of laborto supply tho same voluma of domand, Jeaving tho poy al tho sumo fgure for clght houra s it bad been at ten hoursr . A D, P Our correspondent ust sce, if he studics his queation a little, that all the men working elght lowrs cach can only produce the samb quuntity of goods and warcs as fourfifths of - the mcen Yaboring ten hours per day. No more money cas be divided among the workinon fn the one caso than In the other. A package ot’ goods manufactured h‘ flve men working cight Lours per day will not®sell for any moro thsn & llko package made by four men workiug for fen hours. The aggrezato production being the same with elghty men working teu hours a day or one hundred men workiog eight hours, the employer cannot afford to pay for the work done a larger gross sum 1o tho one case than tho other. If ha can afford to pay each of the clghty .men 83 per day, he -can ‘only pay ‘8160 to escnh of the ono hundred eight-hiour men, as ho has no moro goods produced to scll In ona ease than 1y, the otber; and consequently cau only pay the ssme amount of woney for each hour's work per- formed. Our correspondent will gbacrve by the terms of hls propositlon that ho aggregate number of hoors of work performed will be the samp in cach case, thereforo the pay per hour must bo the same. If thaf bo 20 cents an hour, tha cight-Lour man will eara $1.60 er day, and the ton-hour man $3 per day, 1f & masn works 1Lialf o day, he ouly earns half a day’s wuges, and an employer can ouly aford to pay him half as much as i he warked a full day, By no re- fincment of sophistty can men get gomething for nothing honeatly; uor can an employer pay {shoregg for two hours .after they baye ccased proluction, put on sheir coats, aud gone home, for he has no fund to pay [t out of 1 cight hours could be msde the limitof & day's work all over the world, as well as fn all aarts of the United States, supply and demand would regulate the rates of wages on tbat scalo af lator. But for this couutry alose to adopt an eight-hour rule would simply result 12 our belug undersold by all foreign competitors, snd driven out of the market where our surplus pro- ductions wero offered for sale, ‘The manufac- turers of 1o city can cirry on business on the eight-hour scale, paylog ten hours® wages there- for, sud compets with other cities where men work ten hours; and forany single manufac- turer to do it would be to rush into baokruptcy in a very short time, . —————— PexpLwtox started off his Columbus 'speech a2 followas - b Hurper's Weeklysays: **1t1s computod that there wra 4, 000, 000 of onglu in the couptry idle who wauld llndl‘{ work, 'Thoge whotbreo ot four years :qu.:‘mlam §2 and $3 » dsy now eagesly accept 50 A - : The truth s bad enough without the ombel- Hshmeut of such monstrous falschuods. Tha generul Tate of wages pald to mochanics befora the panic was not {7 from 83 & day, taking ono trade with another. Is tho genoralyate of wages