Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 2, 1877, Page 4

o " i * grester than thoy were when the movement = LHIY UnlUAGU TRIBUNKG MUINUAY JULY 2, j LT was succensfully eommenced, it is reasonablo to suppose that the Turks will bo nnablo for any length of timo to check the Russian ndvance. Russian official dispatehes of June 29 and 30 from Simnitza make no mention of further fighting opposito that point, but represant that the pasaage of troops over the pontoon bridgea conlinues without inter- ruption. The diabolio operations of ‘the Mollie Aa- guires in tho iron regions of Northwestern may do in behall of their political convie. tions or preferences. Tt they are forbidden to use the time which belongn to tho Gor- ernment in organizing conventions and su- perintending campaigns, end aro estopped from employing the influence nnd power of the Government for political advantages over men who are not in offce. If there wero no other considoration than this, it would fally Justify tho position the President has takon. But the fact is that these Government dffice. holders are paid by both Democrats and Tte- band conditioned to pay all damages and costa a8 may be awarded ngainst him: on final Tye Antbwe, TERMS OF cn living, withont foult of their own, apart BSCRII'TION, from their hnabauds, a romedy in cquity in support and maintenance. Tho Tegistaturo has provided for a State Bonrd of Ilenlth, and lereafter no person shall practice medicine in any of its dopart- menta nnloss ho obtain a certificate from snid Board of Health. It agradaate in medicino, gfiffi?{' !éz,:" e New Jersoy have reached a degroe of terror- publicans, in noarly equal proportions, and | the Btate Board, upon evidence of his diplo- ism equal to that produced in the coal dis- tricts of Pennsylvanis, and it {s becoming daily more and moro manifest that tho asaist- anco of the 8tate Government will be neces- sary to suppress the crime and lawlessness which tho local authorities are powerlass to deal with, A correspondent writing from Dovor racounts in another column some of the atrocities perpotrated by the New Jersey Thugs, who scem to bo masters of tho situs- tion, doing their work of murder, robbery, arson, and fntimidation with a boldnoss that argues n state of insecurity of life and prop. erty anything but creditablo to the efffcionoy sud vigilance of the authorities, we can conceive of no theory of justics which npproves of making Democrats con. tribute to run the Ropublican party, or vice oerse. It i tho spofls theory, butwe do not think anybody protends that it is Lonest, just, or moral, = The suggestion is simply preposterons that an abandonment of tho spoila theory and the cmancipation of the poople from the dicta- tion of Government officcholders in the choico of thoir loeal agents and servants will receive popular condemnation, I thero is any one thing on which tho prople—ihat is, the mon-officcholding masses—aro united, it is distrust of the ** machine." Tho people aro heartily tired of incampe- tent officials whoso only clsim has boon po- litical sorvico; of corrupt officials who ro- gard thoir places merely s party append- 0gos; of designing officiala who are con- stantly intriguing to got somebody out of,ar somebody into, offico; of dictatorial officiala who nssume t6 namo the Qovernors, the Logislatures, the Bheriffs, Clerks, Commis- sioners, Mayors, Troasurers, and Aldermen, The people aro unanimous, without regard to party, in the dasire that officebiolders shall servo the Government which pays them, and not the party to which thay Lappen to belong, and tho **machine” men may as well acospt the situation or rotiro, THE NEW LAWS. ¥ * 'The Legislaturo of the State of Illinois at its lato session onacted o goodly aizod vol- ume of laws which go into effect to-dny. Coneldering that no special laws are now enacted, tho amount of genoral logislation, in addition to the appropriation bills, was ocomparatively large, though soveral im- portant billa falled because of disagreemont betwaen the two Houses. Among the more important nots having a general application Wo may enumerato tho following: An act to sccnre tho nnnual collection of complete atatistics showing the products of the soil in this State. Avother bill, of even greater inportance, requiring like statistics of tho manufacturing and mining products, and with respect to municipal taxation and in- debtodness, failed to becomo a law. In the mstter of taxation and rovenue, the Logislature enacted what is kmown na thelaw providing for the nssessment, lavy, and ool- lection of back taxes; that is, whoro any city or town has, prior to 1877, undertaken to levy and ocolleot taxes under any law which has been declared to be unconstitutional or void, and has failed to collect such taxes, such city may proceod dé 70v0 to nssess, levy, and collect such taxes from said property, and this law provides tho manner in which the procoedings shall take place. In ‘72, '73, and '74, the soveral cities of this State undortook to ssscss, levy, and collect taxes, undor alaw relating to city taxes. Payment of theso. taxes was reslsted by various poer- sons, and the courts decided that there conld be but one gencral law on one subject, and henco this spacial law relating to city taxes was vold, There were soveral millions of dollarsof theso taxes uncollected, nnd this lnw providea the machinery whoreby such back taxos may bo collocted. Bhould this law bo sustained By the courts, and the tax be col- loctod, it will relievo tho several cities of this Btate of much of the financial embarrnsament under which they have beon laboring. No appoal is to bo allowed from any judgment for taxes under this law, unless tho party praying tho eppoal shall deposit with the County Collector an nmount of money equal to tho judgmont and costs. This provision ‘was alao oxtonded to all cases of sppeals from Jjudgmenta for taxes. The Legislaturs passed a law creating four Appellate Courts, to be composed of Circuit Judges to be asaigned far that purposo; such courts {o have final jurisdiction in all ap. peals whero the sum §a controversy is loas than $1,000, excopt in criminal cascs, and casos involving a franchiso or freshold or the validity of n statute. It also reorganized the Circuit Courta so as to provide for thir. teen circuits, in oach of which thros J ndges are to bo eloctod. One additional Judge is to bo elected in each circuit on the first Monday in August, 1877, to serve for two yeara. In June, 1879, all thirty-nine Judges will ba elected, to sorve for six yoars each. TI'hero is catablialied in every county hav. ing a population of over 100,000 a Probate Court, in nddilion to the Connty Court, and s Judge h'u: bo electod therefor st the same timaof tho election of the County Judge. This law spplies only to Cook County, Al the powers and duties now exercisod and per. formod by tho County Court in probate mat- tora shall be cxcroised by tho Probate Court. A uow 1 ud moro vigorous Vagrant law, which we have nerstofore explained, will take effect to-dsy, Auothor needed sct which goesinto opsration is one to protect children from cruel or injurious employmonts, and from obscene and immoral performances and ex- hibitions, A new law to punish conspiracy to rob, defraud, or cheat the State, or any city, town, or village, and o law to punish any change of plan or spocification of suy work ordered by the Btats, for the purposo of in- cressing any expenditure, wero alsq enacted. ‘Tlte last law wasintended to punish the rep- otition of the crimes committed by the State-House Commiusioners,—the same Leg. islaturo which passed thislaw having voted to sotain these Commissioners in offlce, not- withstanding that the enormity of their of- fouse demanded this law, 5 Among the new criwes provided for by statute 1s that of advertising * with intent to procure, or to ald in procuning, auy di- vorce, eithor in this State or elsewhers.” A now Drainago law takes effect to-day, ‘Where parties owniug lagds cannot agreo, an application may bo made by petition in the Qirouit or County Court, setting forth all the {acts, aud the Court sliall, in proper time, summon a jury, and such proccedings be Liad us shall fix compensation for draiuages, ato., aud shall make o full report or finding to the Court. Buch o law has long bosn a necesslty, soveral of the best corn-planting counties in this State being subject to over- Bpecimen copf To present delay aud mistakes, be sure and give Post- ©OMea middeesa In fall, taclndlog State and County, Hemittances may bo made efther by draft, express, Tost-Olice onler, or in prglatered letters, at our Hk. TERMS TO CITY SUDSCRIDERS. Duily, dclivered, Sunday escepted, 28 centa per week, Datly, delfvercd, Sunday Included, 20 conts per woek. Addrery THE TRINUNE COMIPANY, Corner B Idm a0d Dearborn-ste., Chicagd, It "AMUSEMENTS, certificato sliall bo -issned to him, Thoe law definesa * practicing phynician” thus: ““Any person shall be regarded aa practicing medi- cino, within the menning of this act, who shall profess publicly to bo a physician and to prescribe for the sick, or who shall nppend to his nome the letters AL D.” Tho pen- alty for not complying with the act is a fine of not less than $50 nor moro than $i:00, or by imprisonment in jail for not less than thirty nor more thav 365 days, or by both, for cach and overy offenso, Tho act is, how- over, not applicable to thpse who have been practicing medicine ten yenrs within this Btate, A now general law was enscted to enable counties, cities, towns, and other municipal corporations, to fnnd, retire, and purchase their ontatanding bonds and other evidences of indebtodnass, nnd to provide for the rog- istration of now bonds, It nuthorizes theso maunicipalition to take up existing bonds by oxchanging now bonds, the new bouds to bear such rate of intarost 8a may be agroed upon ; or to issue new bonds and sell thom to pay or to purchase outstanding bonds,— 10 new bonds to be fasued unless tho same ba authorized by a vote of a mojority of the logal votors of the municipality ; tho now bonds to be rogistered with the Auditor, who ehall ascortain and certify aunually to the County Clerk such rate of tax which shall ba sufficiont to poy the interest on said Londs and 6 pef cent of tho principnl thercof, and such tax, whon eollocted, shall bo applicd by tho Btato Treasuror to the purposcs for which it wos lovied, A now Militia law for tho State will take effoet to-day,—the enrollment to take place whon the Governor sball so direct, The law providea in the meantime for volanteer or- ganizations, Thess nro some of the more important changes made in the Revised Code, and by new general laws, which take effect on the 1st of July instant, e ————— LESSONS OF HISTORY IN TKOUBLED TIMES, The Commoncement-scason this year has boen particularly rich in tho addresses de- Hverod to the young men about to commence the duties of life. Many ominont men have communicated tho results of their experi- ences in their special flelds of labor with an. earncatness and oloquence of more than or- dinary force. At it is impossible to repro- duce them in full in Trs Trmuxe, and as their substanco should not bo lost, we havo reserved somo of thom with tho purposo of summarizing their contents, go that tho road. or may have a genoral view of them. Ono of theso addrosses is that of ex-Secrotary J. D. Cox, now momber of Congress, doliversd beforo the Law Bohool of Yalo College, on the 27th inst., the subject being ** Histor. ical Maxima for Troublod Times.” Tho firat port of his address was the enumeration of theso maxims, ond the second tholr applica. tion to the reconstruction of the Unionafter tho close of the War of tho Rebellion, Tho lessons drawn from the history of rev- olutlonary periods by the epeaker aro theso s (1.) 'That thero is little uze in referring an cxcited people to the experiances of other nations undor similar circumstancss, unloss tho hinbit of respocting such examples has already boon formed, aud that in proportion aa thia habit has been formod will people profit by tho lessons of the past to increase safeguards against popular violenco {n orit- ical times, (2.) Motives publicly exprossed asruling ones ars apt to ba very much noblor than thoso which sctually control. As the tendonoy of human nature to pass uncon. sclously from devotion to a principle to a struggle for continued ascondancy is univer. sal, history will toach the necessity of culti- vating a cautiousness of committal to part{- san loadorshup, and to so moderate hero-wor- ship as to avold the insvitable reaction that followa it. (3.) 'Lhero is n dangerous ten. doncy Lo confound the essential character of political and common crimes. The popular impulse is eithor that no punishment should be inflicted for a political offenso, or that the offendor should ba regarded in the same catogory with the lowest felon, bocause wo decline to consider what may be the motives of those who aro tryicg to overturn dur in. stitutions. With regard to tho penalties to be inflioted, the speaker lays it down as an “axiom among the natlons of Christendom that sovero ponalties havo no virtuo if they are extended boyond a very fow persons who may just bo made oxamples of. Even in theso cascs the objoot i3 less to retalinto for tho specifio asts they have comumitted than to mako public exhibition of the judicial condemnation of the oauso which has been loat.” Each caso must be settled upon its own merits, since, being exceptional in itana. turo, it Is excluded from the application of avy strictly defined rule. Tho distinotion between the common onemy of socloty, and the man who may really boliove ho is right and doing service for man and God in vio- lating political laws, should be kopt in sight, ** But we should, with oqual clearness, recog- nizo the duty lald upon us to- uphold what soems to us the right, even to the destruction and doath, if noed be, of him who attacks it Yot if this vigor of comlat or unflinching firmness of judicial sontence be ruled by tha principles I havo onglsavored to stato, it will bo wholly free from the dements of personal Tanocor or vengeauce, a8 well as from the mingled horror and detastation which are rightly visited upon a robber or assassin,” (4.) Anothor maxim of history fs, that, under free institutions, silid peace can only be sscured by the genernl consent of the governed, and * especially upon the assont and support of the classes which include the intelligence, the enargy, axd tha capital of the community in a preponderstingdegreo.” Atter & Goverument has suppreqsed & great robell. fon, history cloarly shows that there is but ouo alterdative: ejther to lpose upon the oconquered o despotio government, ignoring al! question of their rights, or to settle upon an adjustment which will command tho co- Adelphl Thentre, Monroe street, corner of Desrbora. Cabln.* ‘' Uncle Tom's Exponition Bullding, Lake Shoro, foot of Adams street. Thomes' Bom- mer-Nleht Cuncerts, Cotton’s Opera FHeonse. Nonronsirect, between Ftate and Dearborn, dervonylite " by the Klisworth Zonaves. Bpeaking of the Towa Ropublican Conven- tio, the Springfleld (Til.) Journal says: 1o saying that the course of soma of the friends of the President in Introdneing a resolution espae clslly indorsiug the Presldent’s Sonthern policy was an nct of Indiecretion, wo assume no new ground, Treeidont SIATEs’ Bouthern policy Is now on trial hefore the country, confessedly as an “ experi. ment, " and we bellevo that the Prosident le willing to have tho result of that **expariment* demon. srrated to the world beforo demanding that the party shall specifcally and defaltely spprove it [n ita conventions, * If tho Journal will refer back to the pro ceedings, it will discover that it was no * friend of tho President who introduced the rerolution especially indorsing his Bouthern policy.” There was a goneral agrosment nmong nearlyall the leading men of the Convention, and tacit ‘understanding all around, that the * policy " question was not to be touched at this Convention; the Plat- form Committee aoted unanimously on that thoory. But theroare always soms hot-henda and blunderbusses in evory Btate Convon. tion; so thors were pome in this one. M. E. Curts, & bitter *‘implacable,” bypocritically introduced a resolution indors- ing tho ‘““policy”; n confederato of his named MoNurr moved sn amendment mnking Corrs' rosolution condemnatory. Whersupon there waa considerable *¢ noiso and coufusion " in the Convention at what was rogarded as firebrand resolutions; both wero sont to tho Committes on Resolutions, and, on its recommendation, indefinitely postponed. Thero is no ground, theroforo, for nssorting, au the Chicago Z¥mes nnd 7.- 0., ond other anti-Administration papers aro doing, that the Convention exhibited hostility to the President. The members thercof simply concluded to wait nntil what tho Presidont himsolf calls an * axperi- mont " has boen fairly triod, before passing upon its morits and making its indorsemont or rejoction a plank of a party platform. e THE END OF “MACHINE' POLITICS, Docs President ITaxxn propose to panish ofiice- holders for doing for othicrs what wasdone for Liim, and without which he could not have beon elected? “Ap. Bnrnun’s Clreus, Laka Shore. foot of Wrslingten street, MONDAY, JULY 3, 1877, OHI0AGO MARKET SUMMARY. The Chicatv produco masrkets wore modorately sctive Saturdny, and ateadier. Mess pork closed 124e per brl highor, at §12.02% for July and $113.05213,07%3 for August. Lard closed 2%@ac per 100 1bs higher, at $8.02Y% cash and §8.75@ 8771 for August. Meats were unchanged, AL 43¢ per for loone shonldern and O%c for do sbort riby Lake frelghts wero steady, at 13c for com to Rufalo. Iighwines were active, at $1.08 per gallun. Flour was quiet. Whoat closed fyBle lower, of $L34% for July and S1.20% for August, Corn closed Mteady, at4dc for Jnly and 478;c for August. Unts closed X@1c lower, atilhe cash and JOX@ILc for August, Ttyo was steady, nt6Ze. Uarley was qulet, at 80@8Ge bld for new, sciler September. Tlogs were steady, at $1.60@24.00 per 100 1bs. Cattlo woro qulet, at 2200624, 40, an1 sheep nominal, ot $2.5034, 50, Une hudred dollars In gold would Luy §105.25 10 greenbucks at tha close. In New York on Baturday greenbacks wero steady ot 95, oo ——— The sudden return to Dorlin of Braaancx from his rajiroment at Kissengenis an ovent which has set oll Europe to inquiring, Wiat's up now ? ‘What tho telograph reports failed to tall sbout tho many tateresting opisodes of tho Graud Army reunion at Providence last week w supplied by the sprightly letter which wo print this mornivg. ‘I'be suminy idonco of Prosidont Hares will bo a cottago at the Soldivra’ Home which AUr. Livcory used to occupy during the hot months. It is only threo miles from tho ‘Whito 1louss,—conaiderably nearer than Long Branc] ——— It is Lelioved that Aug. 5 has been fixed by the Froach Ministerin) Council as tho dats of tlo cleetions which nre to dotermine tho fate of tho BMicManoy Governmont. The date was determnined upon last Saturday, but s to bu kept secvet for the present. Fearful work by tornadoes is roported In linois, Indisns, aud Pounsyivanin. At O¥ullon Station, Iil, In Morgan, Johnson, Shelby, Rtush, Hcury, and Wayna Countics, Ind., aud ot Eacildown, a small villago near Coateuville Pa., great destruction of lifo and property resulted. ; S — The Legislature of the Samoan Islands has petitioned Queen Victonta to establish o pro- tecturato over thosoe Iilands, and the United Btates Government Is also to bo nskod to uss it influenco in belnlf of a protectorato of some sort,—oither solely Dritich, or clso n purtnership offair between England and Auicricn, We aro® not yet prepared o sanction sny snch polley; we cannot yet balleve that the Administra- tion Is prepared to undertake Its enforcement. It 19 unjnst in every senso, demoralizing In this, that 1t proclaims honorable and nocessary political service disroputable; It strikes o w, not for realreform, but directly at tho precious rights of citizenahip; it is unjust and wholly antl-Repub- llean, A varty that attoinpts to put suchnbomina. blo docteino into practice will deserve and surely recelvo inorited popular condemnation, — 7oy Tumes (Rep. ). ‘We are not informed in what particnlar way tho Prosident’s rocont order prohibiting Government officlals from packing conven- t{ons und running compalgns affacts the Troy Times, 1t it is trying at one and tho same time to run a newspaper, a Federal office, and the political campalgus of ita city or county, it will do well to abandon two of theso pursuits; any ono is cnough to oceupy tho timo and attontion of tho ayerage man, and this scattering of its onergies will cor- tainly rosult in failure on all sides, If the T'imnes has any friend or protegs who is Post. mastor, or Colleotor, or Ponsion Ageat, and who. also has boon in tho habit of run. ning the local polities of Troy by tho influence and patronage he enjoys a3 o Government offlcor, it may re- floct tho views of that particnlar officer In resenting an onder which forblds this mis. use of power; but wo venture to say it does not reflect tho views of the Republieans of ‘I'roy who bave beon subjected to tho dicta. tlon of this officer or of a cliquo of Govern. mont employes.,, The Zimes, of ‘I'ray, con- tonts itself with a general denunciation of the purpose of breaking down the **ma. chine,” and does not descend to any details. Perhaps this is bocause thore s not a word nor o sentiment in the Presideot's arder which can bo criticised and which has not tho approval of the peoplo. In asserting that it was tho work and in. fluerfto of the “machine” politicians hat elooted Mr. Haves, the Troy Times states what it knows—or ought to know—to bo un. true. Mr, Haves was chosen President rather in spito of than by the assistance of the “‘machive.” His nominatlon wasa de. feat of the ““machine” at Clncinnati, and was resented by many of thoss who run with it, It waa the popular disgust with the ‘‘machine," aud the approbension that ho would not cut looso from ity if dlected, which camo s0 near dufeating him, The Troy Z'imes seems to forget the clection ol 1874, when the *‘machine” was in undis. puted possession,—running local and State convontions, dictating nominations, lovying contributions upon officsholders and black. mall on the whisky-thieves, directing the campaigns, and bossing things genorally, How did it work then? Disgusted Republic. aus remained away from the polls by thethou. sands and the Democrats swept tha country, carrying even such stanch Republican Statos s Llinols, electifig to tho popular branch of Congreas a wmajority of nearly two-thirds, snd gotting a hold on the country which very uearly emabled them to secure the moxt President. If there was any party consideration Iu the President’s rocent order, which is ot probable, it was that the Re- publican party should nop again be reduced to extremities by the dictation of Govern. ment officeholdera who ought to Le em. ployed in the business of tlio Governmont, aud by the disgust of the people at being de. niod the right of nominating their own can-~ didates, ————— ‘Tha-civil reorganization promised in the proclamation of the Czar has already begun in Bulgurin, At Mutchin tho Turkish oficials who fled before tho Russion advance bave been replaced by a Municipal Council, com. pored of four Bulgarinns nnd threo Rouman. inns, all residents of Alatchin, and chosen by tha people. Tho Ilinois Supremo Court has decided that o person whio ploads the sdvice of an uttoruey in defenso of an notion rosulting from fellowing such advice fs not obliged to provo that tho adviser was learned in tho law and skilled in his profession, The con- trary rule would certainly bo a great hand. ship, as lawyurs averago, . ——— Auother intereatiug article is printed this moruing embodying facts furnished by our correspondent at ‘forouto concerning the claracter and progross of the work of fm. provemont now going forward on the canals of the St. Lawronce, Chicago la deoply concerued fn tho successful complotion of, tho giguatic undortaking which the Domin- {on Guvernment hias in hand,—that of deep. eting tho cauals aud rapids that are ultl. wntely to float thoe products of the West in unbroken bulk to the markets of tho world, —— It isnot tho war itsolf that bothers Aus. trin just now, but * that something after" war that gives her pouse. Russian promises made at the outset of tho conflict, and Hus. siun performances in tho flush of victory,— theso aro the things which Austria foars will not correspond as closely na hor intercsts do~ maond. Expressions to this cffect in a semi- ofticia! journal i Vienun, together with the pluiu intimation that Austria will not hosi. tate to take up the sword tho moment her interests are imperilod by the course of oveuts, havo attracted much attention, It is said that o mceting of the Emperora of Aus- tria aud Germany will take place at Salzburg shortly, S ———— A dispatch from Constantinople,s dated Buturduy evening, reports a heavy battle in brogress near Bistova, where tho Turks were stulbornly contesting the Russlan advance, ud inflictivg terrible slaughter with their astillery, This is the only hint received of ovents that have tuken place sinco ‘Thursday wmorning of last woek, tho Rusuian embargo upon the forwarding of nows baving been rewarkably strict. From this it would usturully be inferred that the heavy forces whieh effected the crossing at Bimnitza Jbuve been confronted with Turkish To talk about this order declaring political | flow, aud tho land-holders being unabls to | operation of the classss namoed above, forcos, equally heavy, and that it | service diureputablo, and striking a blow at | compel the construction of ditches and Guizor coufirms this declaration in his state. s trme, as the Constautinople | the rights of citizeuship, is most unmitigated | droins. ment: *Solong as the ruling powsr is not dispatch usserts, that a big battle was being fought Baturdoy and Buuday; so that the perticalars will not bo known until tho fight- ingis finished. With the unlimited facilities ¢+ pussessed by the Russan centre for the waeising of troops e4 this point, and suppos- lug the difiicultics of crossing to be no bosh. The order simply declares, that men engaged in the service of the Government, and paid by the Governmgnt, sball not cm. ploy their time in running politica They can exercise all thair rights of citizonship,— vote, voluatarily contribute money, write for tho nownpapers, talk over their friends, nako spoeches, snddo whatever other men Tho law of forcible entry and dotainer has boen amended 50 that, when judgment of res- titation is rendered, in cases where the par. ties are In the relation of landlard and tenant, the defendant may appeul upon filing bond within fivo dsys ; bat when judgment is for reatitution, such writ shall issue even if an sppeal be taken, if the plaintif shall give ackuowledged and supported by the men ‘whoso position, whose intorests, and whose customs mako them itsnatural allles, noth- ing is completely settled nor solidly based.” (5.) The last maxim cited by the speaker was that, of all means sdopted by Governments for their secuxity, none have proved more worthless than test-osths, of whatever judgment. A now law gives to married wom- their own namea ngainst their busbands for ma, shall fasue such cortificats ; if not a grad- uate, ha shall gubmit to such cxamination as may be required, and, if found qualified, the deseription, and ita truth was clinched by numerous quotations from Guizor, Mac- Auray, and other historiane, and by Instances from the times of the English Kings. And yot, notwithstanding the universal rccogni- tion of this maxim, our national legislators fell into the blundor with their eyes open, the absnrdity of which he thus CXposes : We havo 8 atringent test-oath, but we adminiater it anly to those who wo know can take it without danger to thelr consclences! Wa Impose tho on- €lad* oath npon Gnast and ITaxEs, Bunyaion and Drrzxs, beforo they can cnter upon the dutles of public ofMice; bat the Intimation that n man had ‘‘been ont" in over *‘forty-five," Immodiately secares the privilege of cxemption. In other respects the peoplo of this conn. try hiave followed closely tho maxims of his- tory in rottling tha confusion brought about As Gon, Cox by the War of the Rebellion. 8ays in mnking his application: 2 ‘The practical canduct of the people has genorally been wiser than thatof thelrlegislation, snd we can afford o laugh at eome absurdities in our stat- utes when we remembor that there hns been no ne- censity for a strong centrnl Government to hold back a conquering and excited ponniace from croel revenges or hloody proscriptions. It s noemall cagso for satiefaction that wve are ablo to say witn trath that this Jast and most terriblo testof tho strength of republican Government has only con- Srmed the opinien of Broant Mint, of Grote, and of FRREMAN, thatpopular governmentls euch an educator of the people themselvesthat their rule is milder, more humane, and ilboral 1o thoss In their powor, than any other form of rale, THE SCLAVIC RACES, A German scholar is contributing a series of articles on tho European situation to the PallMall Budget, which show very olose observation, although they aro tinged with a focling of bitterness ngainst the Russinns that smounts to prejudico. In his third poper he draws a pioturo of the Sclaves in Russia and Austria, which is oxceodingly in. teresting. The dinlect of the Austrian and Danubian Sclaves bears tho sama relation to the Russian langusge that Portagueso doos to Spanish, Thoy belong to the Russian Church, and for ten conturies havo shared the same forlunes ns the Ruasians, and yot This they rarely intermarry with them. writor states that the Choohll, n Selave nationality in Russia, of nbout twolve mill- ions, are even attracted: moro to the Ger. man colonists scattered over the Empirg than they are to the Russians, Tho hond. centro of tho Sclavophiles is in Moscow. They wero the originators of tho prosent at- tack on Tarkey, and are still more cager for oitack upon Gormany and Austria. Ho at- tributes tho origin of the war to a reaction of tho Bolavia clement of Moscow againat the highly civilized, non-Russian olemont of 8t. Potorsburg. Tho Gorman and other non- Ruesian olemonts, though not forming o thousandth part of the population, dominated both pablio and private life, and most of tho non-Russians, especially tho Gormans, be. haved towards the Russirns with tho arro. ganco displsyed by conquoerors to conquored, o soya: 3 The reaction aguinst that arrogance arose, in fact, not so much from offended national dignity aafrom a local cause. Moscow had, ln favor of St. Petorabnry, been doprived of everything that gives ton town the character of a capital, BShe had beon the hiatorical, and still was and 1a the geographical and oconomical, centro of Russla; whilo §t. Petoraburg, the creatlon of an imperious aotocrat, is a rather German than Rueslan town on 6 Finnlsh marsh In tho outakirts of Russia, To bring back some of theold glories from 8t. Poters- barg to Moscow was thooriginal alm of the Sclavo- philes. They dlaliked St. Petorsburg mach more 84 Moacow's auccessful rival than on account of tho Qermana' overbearing behavior, They durst mot, howevar, protest against the Czars who chose toreside and govern in 8t Potersburz, and they theroforo trled to ptead, induo humility, tho canse of Moscow os of tho **national aud Selave capital of Russia.” # Ono of the influences which led to this de~ velopmont of the Sclavophile movement ho attributes to Bohemian Panslaviam, and he traces that influence ns follows: Noarly two-thirds of tho inhabltantsof Anstria speak Sclavio dialocts, but only one of thess, that of the Polish Sclaves in Galicia, is worthy to bo called nlangusge. German was originally averywhero the language, and thns Gorman clvilization was spread through the Empirs. This state of things wounld bave been con- tinued had it not been for Mxrrxanici, who, by hisopposition to liverty and Protestant. fsm, arcusod an antagonism in Bohemia which was hoaded by Prof, Panacxr, him- solf o Sclave and Protestant, Paracky re. vived tho Ozoch nationality and developed tho Czcch dialect into o language. Similar attompts were made with the other Sclave dialects, and a genaral Sclavo league, under the guidanco of Russia, was proposed, which waa rapturously grected by tho Rusaian Sclavophiloa. ‘That league cxiststo thia day, and the Panslavist's dream is *‘of a great empire containing several hundred millions of Bclaves, in which the now proudly domi. neering Germans shall humbly bow their hoads,” Ilow Panslavism propagandizes is thus described by this writer: In Austriathe Sciave nationailties, raised from the dead by the learned enthusiasts, have survived tho caunea to wlich thoy ows thelr artifcial haif-life, and bave oven increancd {n seeming vitality, For the turmolls and viclasitudes through which the Anstrian monarchy passed sluce 1848 have more snd more accelerated tho centrlfugal move- ment of Ha parts. But while Aastris is thue offi. ciontly prevented from belng frmly united and soundly developed by German civilization, she ro- celves no moral or inteilectual strongth whatever from tho resuscitated Sclave natlonalitles, which, themsclves incapable of healtby life, are for the monarchy nothing but cauges of decay and dissolu- tion, Tne Rusalan Panslavists look upon thls process of decomposition with greedy and trlumphant oyes, aud employ every wcans at thelr dlsposal to further It, not shzinking cven from very considerablo matorial sacrifices. Thelr atten. tlon is more eapecially devoted to Eastorn Gallcla, an Ausinan province bordering on Russis and slmllar to her in ruligion and langusge. Hers every clergyman {s & Ruselan agent; the Church service 18 from dsy to dsy more and moro approx- imstud to toat of the Russlan Charch; cven the dlalect is transformed, and the clergymen sentas entatives to the Provinclal Diet speak almost tossinn, These same ineans of propagands are employed still wore euergetically and withailt} greater success among the Turkish 8claves, sud es- peciaily in Dulgaria, where the oaturally favorabla #oll bas long beon prepared for the recoption of auch seed. 9 The Balavio problem is one of the most complicated snd far-reaching in its influences that uow engages the attention of the world, and it must continue to engage it long aftar this war is over. Upon the issue of this problem hangs the manifest destiny of Rus- sia. In round numbers, there are 100,000,000 Bolaves in Russis, Auatris, and Turkey,—a gigantia race, vigilant, strong, hardy, 1usca- lar, ocoarse-fibred, and aggressive, growing rapidly by reason of theso very qualitics, snd destined to grow faster, After thq destruc- tion of the Mussulman power, after the Turkish Empire is broken, the Tusk ojected from Europe, and the Bolave Jiberated, then 14 will be the polioy of Busis to gatber up these Bolavio clomenty aud congolidate them under one uative government, a3 they are now under ouns Church, so that they may work togstiier. Already they are ons in as- pirations, in wmotive, and in desiiny, and, when thoroughly united, will be undur one dogmatic system of Btate and Church that ‘will bo irresistible in its strength. The Aus- trisn Emplre must be the mnext to be reduced. There is no affliation between the Auf-rh’ .Belave and of Transylvanin, and of the othor provinces havo the same affinities. Russia. S—sea— THE FIRE ORDINANOL. To the Editor of The Tribune. everyday, The clerks fn tho license office sa; traps will bo torn down, ordered romoved, atc.) trhich ] have reported and watched, rate they aro now belng Duiit. naticed " yesterday: Harn in_ rear of No, 14: Indians avenue; Bvenue; shop _In rear of No. 12 rearof No. 1560 Twenty-firat stroet. ordinances. Yours, most raspectfnily, 1. B. Ouve. offico Into o sinecure, snd does nothing but on In the city for public safety. sl G EE newspaper in tho West: tera from the Republicans in varlons scct! tho country besecching him to Interpose th arm of tho Government to arrest and poni who were implicatod In the Cirtsorx killing, a disposiiion to do so. causes ha torminated, fs an undenfable truth, sons, who think that Mississippl is ot = Stato fn the Unlon/ but Is o province under martial law, Quty of the President of tho United Btates. Woaro inclined to think that tho Presidont is recelving no such letters, as it is difcult to legal und constitutional powers. ————— Bpeaking of the appointment of Mr. D, L. owllshly obgorva: 0no of the features of tho so-called **rofornd™ one of the strongest Kepu Union, an editor of & newspaper i pointment until ho sup) the Pres! pollcy, aad s s00n us ho does taat he gets what Lio wanla, This Topeks ass pretenda to believe that Clvil- 0 ap- of those who archiostile to such reform | That the Clvil Bervico of the country Is to bo reformed by gelecting ita onemlea to put It Into practice! O nol Mr. Commonwenlth, that 18 not *one of the features of the so-called refonn,” although those who **run with tho machine" would like to have the people so understand it. o e ‘Tng Cnicaco Trisuxe u{l ¢ The attempt to secure an uxprosslon of hostility to the Bonlhern palicy of President llaves fallod of accomplishe ment" in the lowa Republican Csavention, ' Ti is trues but it is truo tuat the atlempt to secure oo exprossion of app: f tho Hoothern policy of Mr, Havxs falled . Louis Republican, The fricuds of the Presldent’s Southern pol- fcy did swd attempt to secure an ospression of approval. They were willing to let the * pol- fcy" romaln In abeyance untll it hada fair trial. Ancnemy of the President's Bouthern policy thrust in & protended “approval” reso- lutlou for the express purpose uf fordug tho Convention to voto ou the question; the Con- 3 vention ‘‘reforred’’ it, as woll as the negative awendment of his confoderste. Bo, far as “ailence glves conscnt,” the Conveution were satiafied with the * Southern policy,”—-satistied at least to await its future workings and the behavior of the White-Liners, before commit- tiug themsclves specifically in a State platform, It ought not to burt the Hepublican to .tell the truth about the action of tho Iowa Convention, The Freuch Ultramontanes apparently have no other idva of thelr mission than that 1t §s to umnbroll France in s Lloudy, desporate war with 1taly to give what they call liberty to tho Pope. A lato dispateli from Rome says: The French Cloricala are {mportuning the Pope 10 tranafer his abode from Howmo to Praace, sad it {8 even #ald that in thus importuulug biw they have tho support of jufluential political persons, There waa s a1k of bis 1aking this vtep s0oma woeks back, tor the Lyouces pllgriins came, the request is 1o bave been renowed with greater urgen- ey il ver. The Pope, hawever, liss been stead- iy diesunded by his phyicians from leaving the Roman clmate. Ibere was a moment, it is al- leged, when he scemed inclined to comply with th] est, and then bu said to the Lyoueuo pil- £ 1 coma Lo Lyons you will roceive mo as our ancestors recelved Iunocent the Fourth,' Vithin theso fow days tho Catholic clubs of Mar. scilles snd Lyons are reported to have sgain en- treated bioy fu come to France for the good of the country aud the restorstion of fallen nannrch{.' aud at tho Vatlcan it fa belioved ho may yot prevailadnpon. bl 3 ver, tha ek sacious R ies feams oo e e country sakiug bow thg Inter-Gcean fe dolng, what are ity (uturo profbects. To aus and all wo anawer (hat the Juler-Ucean is doliyt wall—~better ;I:(n:hinrlbf‘f)un. 0d Ita prospects for the future ‘This assuranca cab only make thesympathetic lsteuer sad, very sad. ‘The poor ~onsumuptive is slways assuring his fricnds that hels “getting better," and that his prospects of loug life are flattering. **1was badly off last winter,” says the consumptive, **but I havo found a new med- fcine that (s bullding we up, and I fecl lke a ucw man this spring; just lock at my color.” It 1s the old story of the emactated fizure, golng around with a hacking cough sud & bectlc “flush, telling of thy beneficlent effect of the last nostrums. The Julen-Gcean Las enjoyed a Bew mixture of codliver oll ln the shape of & tax-list, and bas stimulated itsclf with soms the Anstro-Hinngarian or Magyar. Thoy are na bitterly opposed to each other ns the Protestant and Catholio Irish, whilo botweon thio Auatrinn and Russian Sclaves thoro is the fame warm attachment and sympathy that exist botween tho Irish and French Celta. Tt will not be a difficult task in the future for Russin to gather inta ono common fold the Helaves of Galicla lying along their frontier, scpardted from her by the Sclaves of tho Wallachian provinces thomsoclves belonging to the same Church, nor even to take in the Czeohs of Bohemin, who, though differing in religion, belong to tho same groat race and To collect all these frogmonts nnd consolidate them into ona vast ompire has always boen the dream of Russin, and sowe day that dream will bo renlized, and this great Empire will push it limita up to the German frontier on the ono sido, beyond which it is doubtful whether it can ever pass, but with a limitless domain strotching to the enstward upon which Rus. sis will dovelop Ler nianifest destiny long after tho Turk las become extinct and the Empire of Austria hagbecome only a memory of tho past. Tho present war with Turkey {stho first step in the unfolding of that prophecy which Dz Tocqueviiiz made thir- ty years ago with roference to the fature of Critcano, June 30.—The violations of the fira ondinance sre growing more and more numerous in answer to reporta of thess violations, that the dre- but nothing of the kind haa been done In cascs We will noon lave ourailleys lined with wooden Larns mttho lere are a faw 10 arn o rear of No, 1474 Indiaua Iudiana avenue; bamn, Thirty-fourth street, between Dear- born and Untferdeld streats: barn or Inclosod shod "leara ex- pose the carclessnces of those ofticars wno aro cuarged with the exccution of var firo or building ‘What is the SBuperintendent of the Building Department doing, that he permits such viola- tlons of the firg laws to take place right under his nose?! Ilo nppears to have converted his draw his salary, it wo may judge by the con- tinnal complaints which citizens ars communi- cating to the newspapers. ‘the Magor is re- spectfully invited to detall some activeand com- petent officer to look after the cnforcement of the bullding ordinances, and give the same an order on the salary of tho present do-nothing for hin componsation. There fa Loo much wood- en building and {ncendiary shingle-roofing golng 8ays & Washington dispatch to na {mplacable ** Every neqro killed In the South, " says a lotter reccived to-day, **1e o standing rebuks o yonr Houthorn policy. 14rzs e daily in recelpt of lul; l’hnlu inas- much as Gov. Broxe, 0f Misslasippl, does not show Wo, print thisto show the malicfous fault- finding of the machine implacables, Not one negro has been killed fn the South for political causes aluco ITAves nnnounced his Bouthern policy. The ‘“killing” of negroes, which was & daily oceurrence under carpet-bag and bayonet protection, suddenly ceased. What may nappen In the future no ono can toll, but thus far, that the assossination of the blacks for polltical 1t anybody (s writing such lctters to the Presl. deont us aboye nsserted, they oro fguorsot per- and {s ruled by the army; and that the enforco- ment of the criminal lnwa of Misslasippl {s the concelve that any person well enough educated 1o be able to write a lotter could b so grossly and inexcusably fgnorant of the President’s PoicLirs as Postmaster of Bpringfleld, Tun TRIBUNE, whilo congratulating the Coloncl on his preferment, Indulged in somo jocular re- marks to the effect that *Mr, PuiLsies might have bad tho office sooner {f be had becoma reconclied to the President’s Bouthern policy at an earlier day,” whereupon a solemn aes who edits tho.Topeka Commonweatth procecds to Is that one's politics shonld have nothing to do with his holding oftice, lndgll. in the Capital of lican Ht,llnl In the Bervico reform means the spoointment for oflle phosphates called City Printing or Legal Ad vertisements, and now it s prepared to admit that it was very badly off optoa few months #g0, but has sipca discovered the elixtr of lifo and looks forward to , perpetual vitality,— serencly forgutting how many times It has poased through the eatne delusive conditions, coming out weaker at every stage. In the Jast “fivo months," under the mew codliver oil treatment, It “galned $12,203.44," whereas during the previous years it “lost flesh, it rays, as followa: $02.571.75 34,847, 07 60,840.07 71,118,856 60,513,209 14,003,790 Totaldead Joss,, $303, 705,07 Let ue hope that tho patent medlcine it {s now taking will prolong Its existence until f¢ sces the crror of its ways, repents of fta Ring sirs, tnachine politics, and mallynity towards the Republican Administratfon upon whose bounty ita editors are aubststing. — Balt Lake draws most of Ita converts to More monism from Oreat Britaln, Upwards of two hundred prosclytes from England, Beotland, and ‘Wales Innded tn New York the other day, and, when the females of the party were asked thelr ooinion of polygamy, not one of them knew #hat 1t was. Doubtlers most of tho misery arlsing from conversion to the Mormon faith arlscs fromn tho {gnorauce of the converts, who sbirink from tho cvile to which they have flown when the consequences aro manifest. Ada this Lo tho Mountain-Meadows massacre. it New York rejolces fn an organizatton known L) 8a the Independent Bread-Winners? League. It met the other cvening, denounced the elective franchise as & mockery, and resolved that the Government should find labor for its citizens, ‘The Bread-\Winners slionld take GREELRY's ad- vico: Go West, squat on a pvleco of pralrie-land, and win their bread from the soil, Just as counticss thounands sre doing every day, and yet “don't 'ow! about ir."” —————— Brooklyn has auother sensation. Sult has been enterod against Congressman VERDER, of that highly moral burg, by his ex-wile, to compel him to pay $1,000 8 year for tho cduca- tion and support of their gon. The defendant, by his counsel, Rogzn A, Pnron, pleaded that s Congressional salary was only $5,000 a year, and it was barely enough to make both ends meet. The moral is: Live ahoaper, quit Con- gress, or join the lobby, ——— Tho Des Moines Replater (mnleontent) having * &iven utterance to snudry falschoods respocting ¢ho action of the Iowa Convantion on the Presl- dent’s Bouthern pollcy, we obsorve that the two confederated antl-Adminfatration shects {n this city, edited by old * Copperheads” and machina oflicehiolders, give couspicuous indorscment of tho aforesald falschoods, and chuckle over thom with mutual delight. —— After all, there is one Ellnk in the Tows Klu!l’m on which tha editor of tho Regiater and the editor of Tux CiticAuo TIBUXE can incet and embmaco, E?M is the sliver-dollar plank.—Les Moines Reg- er, There are o great many people who depend for thelr dollars on gettiog thelr arm around otlier people’s necks. — Oned. P, FrLoop, editor of the ecord and Postmaster at Dover, Tenn., Is now in tha clutches of the law, Ho stmply stole tho con- tents of registered moncy-letters, Probablyhts paper was bankrupt; or ho may have been trye fogto wot cven with some one for what his - partoers cuchred him out of. — The English peoplo are, or ought to be, hap- 4 Py. Our representallve at the Court of St. James, and borrower of tho arms and crest of Lord MANVERs, believes that the time ts many centurles distant when MACAULAY'S Now Zeai- ander will sketch tho ruins of St. Pani’s from London Bridge.. ————— That ipeffable ses, Dawa, of the Sun, do- mands that the PriNcn of Boston be dls- charged from his offico of Mayor for entértain. ing President ITAvxs, on the ground that such conduct 13 calculated to “compromiss the Democracy.” ——— Dzx BurLen usually quotes from’ the Seript- ures when addressing a jury. An individual whowas thrown headlong from tho battlements of Heaven frequently does the same thing whon 2 he has a polnt to make. g N ———————— . Mrs. Vax Corr, the cvangelist, says she Is never golng to dio, but by and by will movo into her mansfon, Hallelujah avenue, Eternal City, County of Heaven. — There s 8 rumor that Hanxy CLAY DmAN at- ¢ tended the Implacable camp-meeting in Tows, 2 and experienced & chango of shirt. — Mr. Erorad HoLLawp—aleo an Ohto man— bas been appoloted to thirtcen montbs in the Penltentiary. . [ —— PERSONAL. &vr Senator Bayard was the orator before Phi i ' Beta Kappa ot Iiarvard this year, and Mr, Bdmund C. Stedman the poet, The sabject of the latter waa *Hawthorno, Willlam Dorsheimer writes to the New York Sun that [t {s within his personsl knowlisdge that Mr. Tildca wes not §n favor of the Electornl Commisalon. We may add that 1t s within our personal knowledge that tho Electoral Commission waa not in fevor of him. Oliver Wendell Holmea read a posm at the Doston dinner 10 Mayes Wednesday evoning, in which be aaked **llow to add, blm?* and, after rejecting other titles, conelud wi to Vet ols Ronatye ficst e onsent A second Cornelius Vaoderbilt died in New York a few daysago. ‘The two were of come mon atock, but not clossly related. The nnknown bne worked bard all his lfo and sccumulated very litle, Lo was 70 years of age, engaged in the C graln trade, and had pover met hls fllustricus vamesaks. g Misa Kats Fleld, in order to complete her “pen-portralt of Dr, Bchliemann, gave him sittings ovory moming at 6 o'clock, One wornlng he came In evenlug-dress, and she recelved him fa ball-costame: both had been out at parties untll 6 o'clock. The Now York World expresses tho hops that Mrs, Bebllemanu Iikes this behavior, Mr, Peter larvey, whosa death was ro- cently announced, redeemed the Washington med. als, ouce saa property of Danlel Wobater, bus pledged by s member of his family, and placed i them {n charzo of the Mussachuseits Historics! Soe ! cloty. Inthe same iusnner he saved for posterity, l years before, the celebrated Wabstar vase. 4 The injury to Mr. Charles 1. Thorne's hoslth was caused, sccording to tho New York Hun, by an attack of fch he consldercd not 80 good as the one awarded to Mr. O'Nell; and be fact preyed upon hls mind to such a degree that b fclt §il snd was obliged to msk a vacation . from his .oansgers. lils condltion is pet consld: ered dangerons. Mr. Henry Watterson was invited to dew liver the sunual address bofors the Ohio Press As- socistion, hut doclined for this reason: *‘lomy p Judgment the press of the counuy~less the | weekly than the dally \press I ought to say—dae L sarves chastisement and rebuke only; snd, making mo pretenslons to orstory, fam too dlscreet an orator to rlak saying so during s season of compli- ment and bilarity before au sudience sssembled to bear nothing bat pralse of itself.™ At the examination for entranca to Yale Collcge beld in the roows of the College of Law tn tols city Fridsy and Saturday of last week, uader the ditection of Profs. Carter god Lounsbury, twenty-four candidates from cmLcu and vicinity | presented themselves for the Academic and six for the Bclentifc Department. The number of sp- plicsnts iu New liavea on the same days was 150 for the Acsdomlc and sixty-thres for the Scientific Department, makiog & total in both placed of 243 cagdidates. Mrv. Woodhull lectured st Toronto Tues- doy evening, and the Glode of that clty esys abs *-clatinod tho right of dlscasaing the relations of the scxes with as great freedom and particularity 88 stock-breeders mighs discuss the varions de-