Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, April 1, 1876, Page 9

LITERATURE. Diseases of Modern Life, and Their Prevention. Intention of Nature that Death Should Be Easy and Painlesa. Hawthorne's Fronch and Italian Note-Books 3 His Disrelish for ¥ the O1d Masters,” History of Philosophy, Anclent and Modern---Books for the Vest- Pocket---Gilbert's - Plays, Lady Auckland, and Her Melancholy Experiences During the Ameri- can Revolution, Vitality of the Jowish Race, and the Causes Thoreof+Tho Quostion of Hamlet's Age, Obsorvatlons wpon Anise--Insoct Acro- naulse--Siberlan Exploration--« The River Fly, in Now Guinen. LITERATURE. ST Ty Bowans wino 5 T, X am ”‘nf::flp:.’lzn,‘?;’; lxvh?}li}.. b 4 B Fellow of the 1 iciaus, elc, oto.’ 19mo., pp. 620, R York WDr Avpleton & 0o, - Trice, 82,7 1T Troatizos on medical sclence are usaally beavy rending for tho averago public, who carefnlly re- linquish thom to tho uses of tha spoclalist ; but 4o prosont volumoa s, in important rospoots, ex-~ coptional, It is nddresaed to tho multitnde, in fucld langaage, fenmod in an onsy, familiar stylo, and doals particularly with that branch of the hoaling art which every intolligent porson should thoronghly understand, viz.: the provention of disonse. Its author is ono of tho most emivent ‘acholars and practitionerabelongivg to tho modi- cal fratornity of England, and his oxtonded re- goarchos and expetionco give the weight of au- thority to the opinions ho dellvera upon subjoots coonocted with the sclence to which ho Laa dovotod himsolf, Tho roundation of tho presont work was laid oloven yonrs ago, in 8 sorios of essays on the disonsos of overworkod mon, Revisod and expanded, theeo czsays mow cover much more than tho original ground, and form a comprehonsive cxpo- sition of tho phonomena of incidental and special maladiea. v : ) Were tho atrict ]aw of Naturo carried out, lite should ond in an casy, painless doalh,—n roal eulbancsia, alike free from torror and from suf- foring. Yot eo soldom sro tho conditlons ful- fiilod which lead to this benign consummation, that Dr. Richardson is nble, in his prolonged practico, to point to but toncasen whore it has been roallzed, and the agod and worn-out body 1ias Inpsed gontly and swoatly into the sloep that fsdronmless and final. The timo will como, bowover, the sangaine physiclan prediots, when, mankind haviog learuod how to chorigh their powars, tho act of death shiall bo deferrod until its appointed hour, {n tho fullnoss of days, and bence aball bo divested of cvery clement of droad and of agony. In the excoptional cases, where Nature herself brosks bor own law, and Iuflicts promature death by accidontal collision writh bor destructive forces, it in, in the gropt majority of inatances, soawiftly administered that {t1a painlens, and oxietonce onds aa unconscious- Iy as it was began. Discaso 18 tho term applied to that abnormal atato of man which iuduces doath bofors the evolo of lifa haa beon comploted. In the opinion of Dr. Richardson, the term vhonld, and in tho futaro will, "smn‘f unlty,—n d»Qnrtuu from an approximative standard of health ;" and, when tho pystom of nomonclature is rovised, a slmple pamo will bo given to oach secries of the phe- nomona indicating some modiflcation of a natural or physiological procoss. At this day theru are rocognizod in active oporation fully 250 differont maladios, about 100 of which sus. talo the rogular mortalities of civivilized com- munities. ~From tho commoncemont of the history of disease, ity specitio phenomena have beon remarksbly fixed, and fow inaladics havo become oxtinct, and fow havo been nowly croat- ed. Cortain disenscs aro of rarer occurrance than in earlior days, yot, on their ronppearance in the most fsolated form, thoy exhibit tho dis- tinctivo charactora by which thoy wero originally described, ‘Thus, **Tho swoating sicknesa, which invaded Eogland with the Earl of Rlichmond, and which, when hoe became the triumphant Henry the Boventh, abtained tho sccond namo of “‘tho King of England's sicknoes,’ hias not appearod in tho epldemio form ainca 1551. Yet, in our owa time, a tyglul, thongh happily faolatod, ex- smplo of 1t bas boen witnessed, Tho black denth is still ropresented in malignaut typhus. The groat plaguo of Atheus waa neithor moro nor less thau a terrible visitation of wlat we pow call malignant scarlot fover, Bmall-pox has shown no abalemont of its fury, when it has had tho opportunity of becoming fully developed, from l“xnl which it showed whon Rhazes, of the ninth century, following Asron, of the sixth, committed to parchment tho desoription of its henomenn, Carcinoma—cancer—Ig tho samo ntractable, painful, fatal malady to us as it was to Hippocratos, dnlon, and l'aulus Agincta. Gout, as we see It bere, In this century, is tho eame na it was to Alexander of Tralles, Mod- ern phthisle pulmonalis 18 Idontical with tho deecription so faithfully rendered of it by Calius Aurolinnins, . . . briof, tho moro deoply wo_study the past history of modlcine, the surar is tho conviction that, tbrougliout the whole of the known period of human exiatonce on the esrth, not one now disonso his boen ndded, not;one withdrawn.” Tha phovomengn called In anciont times tho *blnody eweat " hay been disputed ; yot Dr, Richardson declares ho hias hlmuolf wilneseod it. In like meuner, the groas plague that vialted Constautinopls in 513, ‘which was described by Procopius sud Enagicus, and was usually fatal in tive days, has reappaar- 4 fu our time under tho nome givon it conturioa a0, of cersbro-spinal moningitis, In cousidering the effect of tho soasons upon life, Dr. Richardson obsorves that $ho body wastes during the winter months,—the loas of welght varying In an incressing ratiog and that It gains doriog *he eummor,— tho galn also vatyiog in an increasing ratio. Tho changes from ona gradation to tho other are ab- rupt, and take place at the bcslnnlmfiut Bop- tembor aud the beginning of April. Tho effect of tho sessons upon dlsease may bo {udi- caled by siatemonts rogarding two or lirco mpecifia forms, From tho registr of deaths {n Englana in tho years between 183 sud 1859, |t was. secertained that deaths from bronchitls attain thelr maximum in the montha of January, ‘February, and March; that thoy dectine fo Ajzrll. May, snd Juno; reach tholr minimum {n July, August, and Seplember; and recommence ta increase in Octobor, November, snd Decembeor,' Pnonmonts, eullpelu. pleurisy, ?uluny. sud croup present n parallol seriea of tcta. “Influenza alao ropoats the samo dats, ex- copt thet the maximum of doalhs is reached in @ Jaat Lhree, inatoad of tho firat threo months. Mauy disenses which are not directly produced !x‘v tus variations of the soasona ars groatly mod- ified by meterological intluences, !gmlnz ® po- tod of low barometrio pressure, with extrome humldxt{ of the air, maladies oxhibiting fever as thie leading symptotn are mout readily doveloped, wil forms of chest-dlsenso are woveroly ag- Bravaled Dr, Richardson placeano falth in the receut bypotbesis, that disesass, especially of & con- togious charsoter, originate in living germe, In. stead, he advances ths theory, tbat the organio Poisonous pasticles which glve riso to spreading Ulgeanen axo dorived (rom the secreted tluids of soimal bodies themsolves. Ilo also beliovea that thosa polwonous particles may have a spon- tsncous origin, The bellot Is based upon the fact, within his experience, that scarlet fever 84 oocurred where the patient bad neyer bsen o3g080d to tho foyer polson; aud that, within knowledge, & single esas of surgleal favar and one of diphtheria havo had m spoatancous origin, flthongh thoe early chapters of Dr. Nichard. non's work aro taken up with observations upon dlseases which are induded by extornsl causes thiat are in the main uncontroliablo, th e losding ohjoot of hia book I8 to stndy the phonomona of thoas maladios which owe their origin to tho solf-imposod mots of the fnulvidual or of tho communlty,—such as oversork, indulgence fa Injurious foods, drinks, liabits, and occupations, —and which may, thorefore, in & great mossure be prevented, Laborions mental exorclss the suthor pro- nounces beneficial to hoalth and oconducive to length of days. ** Brain.workers,” he remarkas, * suffer loast from painful diseaso, live happior, and live longer, than thoso sons of alavish toil who atill depond on the sutamatio hand for thoir brend, and who are still bat the mighty machino to tho mightier mind.” Novortheloss, mental Iabor muat bo condngted with sytom and r larity, snd under chocrful circumsatances. dangor in puraning it lios fn ths tondency & paraistent strain of the facultioa through' ove work and unduo eollcitude. Among bratn-work- ors who aro most liable to impalr tho integrity of the organ of thougkt, and thus induce dia- cases of the norvous sysiem, are gaurmllnn, who are compolled by tio prezsurs of thelr vo- cation to lwn 0 againgt timo, aud with & sensa of orpotusl hurry. R ll«-zalnut nxcun’;lvo physlical exortlon Dr. Rich- ardaon arguos vory sirenuously. Although un- der necessity it may bo a virtne, whon not absa- Jutely roquisite It is to bo 10 all cases avoided. Ita offcct ia to wear out tho vital organa promne turely, and occasion s train of dicason terminat- ing in denth boforo the natural term of life ia moro than half expired, With rogard to certain athilotio aports liko thie boat-race and tho foot- raco, which hiavo long boon popular in Engtand, and arp coming into favor In America, thoauthor writos In tho following cmphatio language : “ T can pearcoly ovorrate the dangors of thoso florco competitive eoxorclaes which the world in gonera! seoma datermined to applaud. I had tho opportunity, ooco in my lifo, of living noar & grent trainer, himaelf n champion rowor, Ho was a pationt of mine, . . . aod ho gave me amplo moans of nmdyinfl thn conditiona of mdny of thoso whom lio trained both for running aud for rowing. I fonnd oceasion, certnluly, to ad- mire tho physiguo to which his trained men wero brought,—tho strangih of muscle they st- tainod, the force of thoir hoart; but tho admi- 1ation was qualified by tho storn fact af tho ro- sults, Tho state of “perfection arrived at was, at bost, artificial, and was sustainable for but o brief poried. ‘The modo of life nocessary for orfoction was itself incompatiblo beyond s lim- tod time, with tho ordinary nccossitios and re. quiromants of ife; and, whon the artificial ays- tom coasod,—when the voluntary muscies, sus- tainod by force of the will roady for insiont ana viotent ‘offort, wore allowed to lnpso down to tho ordibary tono,—thon the involuutary mus- cles—tho hLeart ospeoially, which could neithor bo lhidden mnor pormittod to Inpse in the same way—remained in strength out of all dno proportlon greatar thon the reat of tho ‘active moving parts of tho or- ganfem. . . ., Dy ekilifol traiuing it in quite true that men may bo, and are, brought up to a flno external standard ; hut tho oxtornal development in so commonly the covering of an internal and fatal evil, that I vonturo toaffirm thoro fsnot in England a trained profeasional athieto. of tho ago of 85, who has bean ten yeara at bis calling, who is not disabled. o may hold on, sustained by a will which cannot bond to do- foat; o may win bravely: theu win, and ouly uet win ; then tio somo now antagonist; thon ose, nnd, urged by his fricnds whoso ardor is damped, rotire: but ho will eoon die.. Tho fall- ing-off which has been observed by patrons or admirora beforo actual failure, means, not want of skill, not stiffucos of joint, but actual ovor- worled, worn-out hoart” and blood-vessel ; It means, In fact now, a raco for iifo rather than o raco for tamo. In iy profcssionsl work I havo been In attendaoeo on as many 68 Boyon mon thus brought to incapacity bofore the middle term of thoir lives, who, by virtuo of their flno organizations, might, and In all human proba- Mfity would, have lived to a vigorous old age under n systom of oxercise leea lawless agalnat Natuaro aod less suicldal.” Tho eustom, which oxtenslvely provails among buriness mon, of dwolling remoto from the places_whero thoy prosccuto their dnily voca- tions, Dr. Richardson conaidors most destructivo to benlth, Could ths proccss of traval back and forth be porformed with dsliboiation, it might be not only frao from danger, but conducive Lo sanity, Asit Is, in fact, tho rush end burry with which mon leavo their Lomes in tho morne ing, nftor o bLosty and unostisfoctory broakfast, and again dopart from thelr businoes at Lhe fat~ est possible moment in tha evening, sre prolific causen of avila that too often reault fn o proma- turc decline of lifo, In the several chaptors oceuvied with ao fllun-~ tration of the injuriona nction of aleohol, many striking and valuablo atntemonts ars given. Tho gist of the wholo argumont is, that, In whntever form aleoliol is taken, or uodor whatover cirenm- stances, it {8 apt to do harm, and would bottor be entiroly avoided, Even its naso as o physio- logical agent to give strongth is doprecated,” Its action 08 a stimulant is followed by n corra- apouding deprosaion of mind, lowness of hoart, and sadnoss of gpirite. *''Lho ideas of s being nocessary to rosort to it. that it may lift up the forces of tho animal body fnto truo, and firm, and even activity, or that it may add somothing usoful to the Iving tissues, aro orrors ns soletan as thoy aro widely dissemingt- od.” Itisallowedto bant timas of tomporary value, in exciting tho sluggish curront of lifo to a freor flow 3 but tho temptation to nn abuso of the agent overbalauces. {ts usofulness, fn the opinion of tha author. * Tho evidenco is all- orfoect that alcohol givea no potential power to rain or muscle, During tho firat stago of its action, it may enable a wearicd or a foebto or- genlsm to do Lrisk work for short time; it may make the mind brioly brilliaut; it may ox- cito musclo to quick sotion; but it does nothing subatantially, aud fills up nothing it Lias dostroy- ed, ns 1t lénds to dostruction.” A fire makos s brilliant sight, but leavos a desolation. It {s tha samo with alcolioL.” The lover of tho Elpo will bo cacouraged ratlior thaa dopressed by tho testimony of Dr. Rlobardson coucorning the effect upon the hu- man syatom of * tho fragrant weod.,” Tho ovila of slow tobacco-poisoning are aata to be tranei- tory, sad the influcuocs are functional and not organie. Their nction ia an an irritant upon tho motor parts of tho nervous system. **Intho conflrmed smokor, thoro 18 a “constant fuuc- tional dlsturbance. 1iis organs aro dofng work which I8 not essontial to thoir dutics ; but thoy do it with moderate eand ; thoy retaln mnothing that [ dotrimontal to thoir structure ; sund, lot nlone, they Boou rogain thelr natural condition." When smoking is indulged to oxcess, it creatos symptoms ot oxtromo saverity, which, 8o long o8 they [ast, are harmful, and may even fuduco doath, Dut tho thoory that smoking originates dlucnsen of the brnin or of the lungs, tho author doclares to bo unfounded. It undoubtedly ag- Srnvnun exiating disenses of these organs,but oo not creato them, Its effcct upon tho young ia to impair growth, and inducs premsature mau- nood aud physical prostralion. “If a com- munity of youths of both soxes, whose pro- geoitors wero flucly formod and poserful, wero 1o bo trained to tho oatly practico of smoking, and it marringe wero to bo confined to the smok- ers, ou apparontly new and a physicallv inforior race of men and women wonld bo brod,” These atatemonta suflico to show that tobacco {s not an inuocont eubatance, to be usod with impunity ; alboit, as woa eaid, tho smoker may take Leart bacause of tho nssurance tuat it produces no di- rect organio miachiof, ‘I'heso fow polots on which we have touched, »singlod from tho muititudo treated fu Dr. Rtich- ardaon's volume, are ample enough to show the practical nature of his work, and the intorest which it bea for the gonoral reador, HAWTHORNE'S NOTE-BODKS, Pasarass ynoy TiE FRENCH AND ITaLiin Nor. Dooxs oy NATHANIEL HAwTnOENK, Two Volumes, 18mo, Pp, 210, 29, Doston: James R, Osgood & Co, Price, $2.80, Itin & troac to bave the works of Hawthorne brought snew to the mind, under whatover shapo or circumstance, Wheyare of tho sort that never wear out, nover grow old or effote, Thea soul that {uforms thom is {mmortal, throb. Ling to-dsy with & corrent of fecling ms warm sud strong a8 when it thrilled along tho living nerves of hitn whom it enriched for a time, and who gave it out to the world for an enduring possesslon, Journals like thess, writlen with fulloces and fieedom, raveal the loner man with more truth than could any form of biography, We havo al- most & Ruilty sonse of readiug eocretis nevor moant for n straogor's eyo, as we peruze their pages, and ges how plalnly ho who shrauk with excessive pain from anything like pub- licity .is exposed In them, ‘fhe revala- tlon s of tho doopest jutorest, for » rarely rich nature ls disolosed, which afforda endless material for psychologicsl study ; sod yeot tho most curlous part of it all s, that Haw- thorne could over Lave committed to the treach- erous keoplng of & diary a record of his dally conduot, and of the oplnions and feslings that momentarily snimated him, “For me," ho remarke in one place in thess Journaly, **thare muat tirst.be & close and un- 'lmbmu»d‘wnuzuuy with my companion, or THE CTHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, APRIL'1, 1857¢-TWELVE PAGES ‘ T cannot nsy a roal word. I doubt whethor I | follins of the tim hava over really talked with lialr-a-dozen por. roos in my life, sither mon or womon,” Nover- thelesa, Lo chals hero na nnrosorvedly aa thongh tho hiank paper hoforo him, Lolog pursly re- coptiva and uttorly silent, were the comrade with whom be cogld bo most confideutial nud oxpansiva, no of the mnat atriking idiosyncrasies whicl IMawthorno botraga In tho Itallan Note-Baoks, was Lis diarelish for the faded, timo-worn man- torpleces of the medioval painters. It was to Lilm, excopt in nounusl moods of oxhilaration, o dlstressing ordeal to go througn tho gale lorios, and look upon the dimmed snd dofac- ed plctures tunt tho apectator ia required, by n- oxorablo un-lum, lo study and doto upon. ‘¢ Thank Heaven,” bo froquently oxclatma after ~isiting a collaction, *tho rooms wers fow, snd thero wore not many pictires which one cares to look at very ‘loug,” ‘It dopresses the aplrity,” he adds, '*to go from pioture to pliot- 1ro, toaving 8 portion of your vital aympathy at ovory ous, A0 that you coms, with a kind of balf-torpld dosperation, to the end, ., , . naems to mo, howavor, that old scuipturo affects tho epirits even moro dolofully than old palut- fng; it strikos colder Lo tha heart, and lios heavier upon It, being marble, than if 1t wore moroly canvas," Mes, Iinwthorns, who edited the *'Note- Books,” folt callod upon to oxplain this poaul- farity of her husband ; which she need not Linve done. It Ia very plain to sco that the natural gloom in Hawthorne's sonl neaded the offeot of porpotual sunahine to relleve itn heavy oppros- sion, and the sombre, chilling atmosphera of Italian art-gallorics eaddoned him boyond on- duranco. Thon intonno aversion for tho unbcautifnl wes continmally ox- citod by tho ternished frames, and - grim canvaacs, snd dingy frescoes that assaliof hissye at overy glance. To illustrata his oxquisito sonsitiveneea to boauty, and his {nsatiate craving for it, Mrs, Hawthorno relatos * that one day o took in hia fingers & half-blaomed ross, with- ont blomish, and, smiling with au infinits joy, romarked, ' This s nerfoct. On enrth a flowar only can bo parfoct.' Tiationally as well an frankly, Hawthorao do- clares *'Good picturos nro aa rare as good poots; and I do not eco why we should piqua onrsalyes on admiring any but the very best, Ono in n thousaud, porhaps, ought to livo in tho applauso of mon, from goneration ta goneration, till 1ts colora fado or biacken ont of sizht, snd ita convas rols away 3 tho rest should bo put in garrots. or painted aver by newor artists, just as ::lorablvu poots are shelvod whon their little day over."” In tho de!uflsllon of a visit tothe sculptore- gallery of tlio Vatican, Hawthorno clearly shows tho variablo and stugalar impresslons sach oxhi- bitions gavo him: **Thoro wore o few things whtch I really enjoyad, nud o fow moments dur- fng which I really seemod {o veo thom but it is in'vain toattompt giving the Impression pro- ducod by masterpiecos of art, aod most in vain when wo Hoo them beat, ‘Thoy aro a Janguaga in themaolvos, and, if they conld be oxprossed as woll any way excopt bry thomsolvas, tuora would bave been no nood of oxpressing thoso particular {doss and sentiments bg sculptura, I saw tho Apolto Beividore as something ethercal and godliko § only for a flittioy momont, how- over, and_ g8 if ho had alightod from heavon, ,or shoun suddenly out of tho suulight, and thon hod withdrawn lumaolf again. 1fele tuo Loc- oon vory powerfully, though vory quictly ; an fimmortal agony, with & strauge calmness aif- funscd through it, oo that it resembles the vasl ragoof tho sos, calm on account of its ‘immen- sity, or tho tumalt of Niagara, which dacs not secm to bo tnmult, becanso it keopa pouring on foravor and over, ‘I bava not had 60 good & day na this (among works of art) sinco wo csmo to Romo ; and 1 imputo it partly to the -magnifi- cenco of tho nrrangemonts of tho Vatlean,—ita long vistan and beautiful counrte, and tho nspect of iimmortality which marblo statucs aoqquira by being kept froa from dust." PHILOSOPHY. A H1sTonY or PAILOSOPIY, ANCIXNT AnD AODERN, Dy Jonwert 1Tayay, D. D, LILD., Author of # Mo tal Rlilogptiy, ol Pltlosdghy, ete. 13mo., pp. 4l New York: Stieldon & Uo, The ablo dlssertations on Philosophy which Dr. Havon propared for tho, uso of studonts, and which bave long been tho favorto toxt- books in our ocollogiste schools, ars worthily supplementod by tho work befors us, which was mado roady for publication just prior to its an- thor's death. As ita titla mots forth, tho book doacribes tho riss and progresa of Philosophy iu the onclent nnd modern cras of civilization, Tho history bogina with the Philosophy of | Groeco, which is divided into threo poriods, named rospoctivoly the Pro-Boeratle, tho Socra- tlo, and tho Post-Socratic. Tho difforent schools, and thelr soveral philosopliers, aro ranged in theso porioda with moro strict roforonce to the Togical devolopmant of thought than to chrono- logical ordor, although thin Iast is main- tained a4 for as_Js consistent with the domnant {den. Tho gocond part of tho work opons with nekotch of tha Scholastio Phitos- ophy of the Middle Agas, and continues with a concies account of the Jife and the doctrines of tho various philosophors who bavo croatod original systoms of spoculative inquiry, from the timo of Bacon down to tho present day. ‘Tho charm of Dr. Haven's writiug, which is always simple, fogratiating, and gontle, Invests this trontizs on an crudito subject, rendering ft attractive nud intelligible to the avornze mind. To the inquiter wno would gain, with the lonst exponditure of perploxing study and precious tiuie, nn intolligent Iden of tho various ayatoma of hilosophy that have besn olaborated, this ook may bo justly commendad, FLORAL DECORATION. Fronat DECORATIONA roR THE Dwrnurta-Hovse: A PracTICAL GUIDE TO THE HOME-ARBANGEMENT or PLANTS AND Frowens, Dy ANKIG 1Assanp. American Editfon, ltevised, With Many Illustrations, 1910, pp. 160, Lo udnn and New Yorxj: Alacmlillan % Co.'Chfeago: Janseu, MloClurg & Co, ' Price, §1.50. Tho author of this volume Las socured many prizes at floral exhibitions in London for her ox- quisite arrangomont of flaswors for purposes of howmo-docoration; and tho vorbal desoriptions, with tho plctorinl ilinsirationselie hore places bo- forg hor readars, show that sho hasa poculiar gitt for creating lovoly offects with mingled fleaves aud blossoms. . Tho art is o valuable ono ' for women f{o posscss, &8 among thoir poculinr duties is that of rendering human abodes chicery and inviting by Lho aid of guch tnateful adornmonta na are within roach, Mins Iingeard suggoests a varioty of methods by which tlowers may be employod to give an air of refinod eleganco alike to tho dwellings of the rich and tho poor. Hor hiuts will be gratoful, for thoy aro not only practical, but are suscep. tiblo of dovelopment with endless changea and modifications, Ths book, which: presonts her ideae, are ap- propristoly embelllshod with artlitic’ dosigna composed of flowers, foliage, and fruits, VEST-POCKET SERIES, Tux VicioN or Hin Launrat, By Jaurs Ros LowrLl, Hlustrated, $2mo., pp. T, LaDY GERALDINE'S COURTSIIF, By ELIZABETH DaRe uerT BrowNiNg, 1llustrated. Yp, 90, Tiik DrszaTeD VILLAGE; AND Tur TRaveres, By Ouven Gonpsuits, 1lluateated, Pp, i, A OunisTHAS CAROL 1% Prosk; lizing A Giosr-Brony oF CitniwTsak, By Cianwys Dickens, Ilustrated. p. M4, Boston: James . Usgood & Co, Price, B0 centa per volumo, Each of tlese dainty volumes incaaen a litor- ary gom, | ench instance one of the falrest jew- ela in the crown of its illuatrious author, Tha taeto which prompted tho solection of tha four brilliants must pass unchallonged, Tho littlo boaks should have s rapid circulation, they nre such light bodies, and are so very atiractive. No ono cau come &crogs & copy without an irreslst|- blo impulso to pocket it, 1t wust bo confessed LL that tho innste depravity of tho human soul strongly manifests itsolf at sight of tho serlos, thoy aroso easy to—stoal! Tho Idea will suggest itselt, although ono may bavo the full set, or, for that mattor, any nuwber of sots. The tempta- tion romeius tho same. Iave the hooksell noted any unnsual dovelopnionts of kleptomania ginco the cuuning mitca have boen thrown on tho markot ? STATESMAN'S YEAR-BOOK, Tup, Aratsasun's Yran-Book: BTATIETICAL AND HIYTORICAL ANNUAL OF TUE HTATES OF THN OIVIiL. 1zep WomLD, HANDDOOK rou L'OLITICIANS AND MENONANTS VOB THE YxAR 1870, 1y FuEnEmiox AanTiv, Thirteonth Aunual Pablicailon, llevised Atter Oficial lteturns, 13mo,, pp. 703, London: Miomliin & Uo, Chicsgo: Japwes, McOlurg & Co. Frice, §.L0, Tho merita of this annual are 8o widely known that thera Is neoded but the anuouncement of o new edition, bringing fta maes of valuable data down to the closo of the yoar 1875. ‘1le volumo is of euch service to men of business and of lottore, that, once callod {nto zequisition, it will theronfter ba rogarded as au lud\lpeuu\vlu ad- junct of the library aud connting-room, GILBERT'S PLAYS, Ontar¥ay Pravs, By W, 8. GiLoeer. 13mo, pp. 880, Now Yok Scribner, Armstrong & Co. Price, $1,18, ‘The hslf-dozen plays inclosed in this volume havo enjoyed s considerable populsrity on the London stage. 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Tho ongrav- inge are takon from colebrated plictures of land- Beapes, mountain and coast scenory, historical bulldings and eites, snd portraita of eminent mon, [u 8waden and Norway ; plcturea of social life, and coples of Gorman and italian and of classio pictures, and also of buildings and scenea in tho United Btates, Though the text is in tho Swedlab, the pictures are plain tosil. The ublication Lias already reached its uioth num- er, and will make o handsomo and interesting aunual volumo. : Wide-Awake for April (D, Lothrop & Co,, Doston). “Renublie for April (Repudlic Fubliabing Company, Washington, 1. G.), oy fans for disrch (eory L. Minton & Co, JTAbrary-Table for New York), Behoot Bultetin for March (8. R. Winchell, Milwaukee), Phrenologteal Journal for April (8. It Wells & Co., Now York), Bavarian for Aprll (Campbell & Co., New Yorky, March (Jobn' W. [{ Western Jowrnal of Yducation for Lrown, Chiicago), - zdelts Living Age—curront numbers (Littell & Gay, oston). Appietons Jotrnal—currant numbers (D, Applaton & Co,, Now York), f FAMILIAR TALK, LADY AUCKLAND. Among the painful episodes occurring in the bListory of Gen. Durgoyno's ill-fated campaign in America fn tho year 1777, are two in which tho sympathioa aro capecially onlisted by tho fact thot the chief sufforers wero women. Tho fizet of heso incidents, familiar to avery Amor- ican resder, was tho murder of Miea Jano MecCroa ; sod the sccond, which has been much loss froquontly repeated, was the sorrowful ox- porienco of Lady Hardot Auckland, In tho bo- ‘glunlog of the year 1776 Lady Karrict accom- panted ber busband to Canada. Maj. Auckland, nn ‘officer of fino professional attainments and brilllant courago, was attachod to the British forcos undorthe command of Sir Guy Carloton. Io the conrso of the summet's campaign tho army passod from Three Rivers, on tho Bt, Law- ronco, to Crown Point, on Lako Champlain, reaching tho latter placo towards the close of Beptember, ¢ Tho bardebips sud fatignes that muat bo encountercd by a military force travel- fog through o rogion of comparative wilder- noss woro sbared uocomplainiogly by the wifo of Maj. Anckland. Exposure to the inclomen- cles of tho weatbar the ncceasity of prolong- od and exhausting marches, tha ebsenco of do- mostic comforts, tho lack of palatablo food,— all theso inflictions and privatioss were cheer- fully borno by the bigb-brod and ligh-spirited womau. At ono tlmo durivg the summer, Maj, Aucklacd wes Iald upon a sick boed in a misora- ble hut at Chamblce, and there, subject to overy concolvablo discomfort, Lady Auciiand hero- {cally attended upon him. 2y 2 ‘When, In tho spring of tho campaign of 1777, the British army proparod to lay siego to Ticon. derogs, Lady Auckland was rostrained from un- dorgolng tho unuenal perils and trials of tho oc- casion by tho positive injunctiona of her hos- Land, Bat, on the 7thof July, the day follow- ing tbo capture of Ticondoroga, Maj, Avckland was badly woundod, and Lady Iarriet immodi- atoly crossed Linke dhamplnlu and rojolucd him. As ‘soon 8 the Major waa recovorod, ho re- sumod his position at tho hoad of his troops, osud his brave wifs wus agalu permittod to ride behind bim, onduring tho sovers fatigues that feli to tho lot of an advancod corps slowly mak- ing ita way through the bhoavy forest. On tho 10th of Septembor, o8 tho anny drew ~near tho - encampment, of the Amoricans ot Btillwater, and an ongazemont becamo imminent, Lady Auckiand was obligaed to loave kor place by her husband.—ns the grenadiera to which ho belongod wera liable to comso nnder flro at any mumont,—aud follow the ronte of the artillery, which was leas ex- posod. 2 Whoo the battlo actually began, Lady Auck- lord chanced to be near a rude, unoccupied hut, and toro sho loft hor horso and sought refuge. As tho action jncreasad in soverity, the surgocns took posaession of the hut aund converted it into ahospital, Thus, dnriog the four loug Liours which the conflict Inated, tho uuhappy woman listonod"® to tho moar rosrof the esunonado, koowing that hor husband was in tho most ox- posed part of tho fleld ; while nll about Lier Iny tho ghastly forms of tho woundad and bleeding goldiera who woro hoiog bronght in to receive tho attentiona of the surgeons. Bho was not, howover, the oaly woman on tho droadful #cono—rhe Baronass of Teidesel, and tho wives of Maj. 1Iarnagoand Liont, ltoynell, having boon dirootod for safoty ta tho sama wrotched bovol. But tho socloty of theso Indies ndded littls to her choorfulnoes, na Msj. Ilarnage waa scon borno to tho aurgoons deaporstoly wounded, aud nows shortly followed of the doath of Lieut. Reynsll. ‘I'his most trying ordeal was succeedod within tlree weaxs by a still mero sevors oue, occurting nt the battlo ‘of Haratogs, the Tth of Ootober, Lady Aucklaod was again within hearing of the ootiro nction, and this time her misory waa caused by tho unhappy intelligenco that the army was defeated, and that Msj. Auckland, ufter roceiving dangerous wouund, had fallon iuto tho handa of the enemy, ‘Thronghout the night and doy following tho battle, tho afilictod woman found no shelter from the rain and the cbilly wenther, except among the wounded and tue dying,—tho m:l[vl tont or shed loft standing bolug givon up ta the use of the surgeons, 'Tho distress thint pervadod the camp was 8o extronio that not a oup of wine could bo afforded to sus- tain hor drooning framo, but from somo kind hand shereceived *a little rum and dirty wator." An the dofesled army was on tho point of moving, Lady Auckland bogged of Gen. But- guyno permission to pass to the Aorican camp to attond Ler husband. lor roquest was granted, and ths Qonoral wrots a few lmes ** up- on dirtyand wet paper,” recommending hor to tho protection of the commander of the American forces, Mr. Brudenell, tho Chaplain o tho ar- tillory, her mald, snd tho Major's valot-de- chambro, who was Limself disabled by s ball voceived in tho lato action, accompanied tho lady, who took a boat aud waa rowed dowu tho Hud- gon to the Amorican oamp, It ia stated by Bur- Royno that, whon tho boat reached tho American outpoats, it wos not allowed to pass, and that Lady Auckland was dotained through the cold, dark houra of the night fn her uncomfortablo position. Our own historinns deny this susor- tion, and declars that thoro was no delay in Lady Harriot's landing. After reaching bor husband she was troatod, as Gen, Burgoyno confosses, “with all the humanity and respoct that lor ¥ank, ber morits, and hor fortunes desorved." Qon, Burgoyne closea his account of Lady Auckland's connectlon with bis srmy with tho follawing passago s * Lot such a8 aro affected by theso ciroumatancea of alarm, hardublp, sud dangor, recolloct that tho subject af them waa a woman ; of tho most tonder and dolleate frame ; of tuo gontlest manners ; Labituated to sli the soft clepancles and rofined onjoymouts thot st~ tend bigh bith and fortune ; and far adveuced in s stato In which the tender vares, always due to the sex, becomo indisponsably necossary. Iermind alono wasformed forsuchtriala,” Lady Auckland enjoyed the happinoss of wit- nessing her husband's recovery, and of relurn- fog with bhim to Eogland, Bui her happinesa was short-lived, Maj. Auckland disagreeing with s brother-officer ‘on the subject of ths courage of ;Amorican troons, which'ie uphald, Ahio affair torminatod in a dusl. Bwords were tho ipstrumonts used, and, in making a p the Major slipped and fell with groat violonce. ' Hlg heagd srruck upon & stous wits such force that hn waa fustantly kitled. Lady Auckland endu; this blow 88 atio Lind every other uivomnm;‘kdo of fortune, with sercne fortitude. A pjece of Gen. Burgoyne, In refating her pathetio remsrka : 1 saw her again many years aft mards, when hor sorrows Lind been somoswhat temperod by timo. Sha was atill handaomo, but her bloom and vivacity wera gons. I placed myssll where I could nnobsorved contemplata tho change nbo had undergone since I had first soon her, Ier conatenance waa mild and placid, bnt thero was & look of tonder molancholy, min- glod with rosignation, that mado har tho most Intereating objoct I had avor behald,"” 1t Lias beon mentioned that, whon Lady Anck- land followed bor wounded husbsnd Into the Amorican camp safter the battlo of Haratogs, she wan accompanied by Mr. Brodenell, the Chap- laln of the artillery,” Aftor yoars of widowhood rho hecamo this gentleman'a wife, and, judging from his herolo qualitics, he was worthy of Lor hand, On tho firat day of the engagemont at Haratogs, Gen, Frasor, a rislog young officer In Hurgoyne's army, 2nd an especial favorite with tho commander, waa fatslly wounded. On the aftornoon of the 8th ho was buried, at lus ro- quest, 1 tuo great redoubt o front of tho camp which the English Lad sbandoued. As the funeral cortegs approachod ~this mpot, our soldiers, unaware of the solemn occasion that drew the assombly of Btitish officera aud mon = B E%gzwm: 175:‘“8:;» ;‘-‘m:yu 'B'u"afésir NasA% | party 18 undee the charge of , L1 For ths B‘htkf:eln Bacloty, e SPARKS OF SCIENCE. [DF. Otlo Firach, Director of the Zoalogical Musanm of. Bremen, and Ia accompanled by Dr. Beohm, 8 woll-known oaturailst, and by Count Walburg-Zefl-Trauch- burg, of Blrxul;nrdeII & gentleman davoled to ecientifio'puraults, and s travelor of Aoma expes nenco In Arctia ragions, The expodition will procoad to the Obi by the overland routs, taking Bt, Petershurg, Moacow, Nishni, Kasaw, Porm, Ekaterinonbarg, and Barnaul, in thoir way. ANTS. At n recent mestiog of the Linomsn Bacfety, London, Sir John Lubbock presented s paper containing the resnlte of frash observations upon the anta, undertskon with a view to detsrmining : EQ‘}“‘,},“""':“,‘;',,!';‘.‘.‘,'," ;‘,‘,‘.’.‘.}l},‘,fig\!‘ ’;31?01?:,2:: 1, their power of intercommunication; 3, thelr | sumed by the oxploration, the party teturaing ta organs of soona ; snd 3, their affection for each | Gormany in the sutumn. 6 other. The spparatus contrivad for tha prosaoti- tlon of the experimenta consiated of » glass box contalning; the ** nent,” which waa placad apon & h‘:;'f;:zf :";:“zzng“e:,h::’ ll?l"dgn'“ polo at nohu.lgm brioging it ona lovel with the | 4,; 00 gvufculam‘ .’nd mmr;mmw‘? :’ e_’lj‘ A nlnl::;a 4 ".d: % o'mn::: ldg“': ‘t’l:: garis,—two spocles of the so-callod tnscct-oating iDhscty, #ad, eat 1Ela 's" T ":' of | Piants. Lo enumoratos & great varlety of i " plect i| socta—Nhizpods, Rotiters, Orustaceans, Infaso Rlass of the mzs of L 3 it watatatei '"hm:::“ :\:,D: “;‘:‘:g ris, aud other organisms—found in the bladdors, mosns of elips of paper forming bridges aboat & and, fo sommiog up the observations, tonds ta 541 INSEGTIVONOUS PLANTS, the viow that those plonts do sssimulate nitro. togother, opencd firo upon them, , Tho | f09¢J0DK. One of the glassca was provided | gonous substancos through theic loaf-biadders, awl group never wavared {n their ~pur- | With & supply of food, and the others wero left || As Continental biologista’ ars gencrally opposed poso, bat etood about the. open gravo | emply. Two ants wers then captured, and | to tho theory thatplants possoss this power, tha until the scrvico for the dend was con- swa of Dr. Colin havo espocial intereat, Ila marked with epots of calor soas to be roadily il 3 doea not commit bimee!t fally, but urges, as an ::fc"lly"“:"‘:l;a".“‘;;fi’;‘;’; ‘;’g‘!:’:’:fl“l‘,‘;"::;m argumoat in favor of tho thoory, that thoro is & guldanco tanght the way from {t by & somo- toial abeonce of roola in tho gouora undor ex. What dovious routo back to thoaest. ‘Thosa two § AmInAton. With sthio oxcaption of Lemna ar. baving thug como intothe knowledgaof a dnposit rL,'""{ ‘thuo smviha ouly {}:T’fl"" plantaIn of food, and of the path conducting toit, it wnato | Juich theso orgaus aro sbbolutaly waating, b expacted that, had thoy tho monns’ of com. 8till, this is not poaitive avidanco in support of municatiog tho facta to their comradee, all tha | {12 tHOOT, a8 magy of tho piants sonaidered inmatos of the nest wonld directly proceed to | “U30CHVOrous aro furnished mith roots. tho storehouso dincovered, and appiopriate s | abaro of it contonts, Bat such was not the cass. 8ir John Lubbock gave his lelsnre to a vigilant observation of the movements of tho colouy, recording carefully all tbo maoouvres witnessed. Duriug the first Eurlod of obgervation, tho two ‘‘wise™ ants, nown by their *colors,” made 40 journoys to tho food-doposit; while 19 othors pussed iu to the hridges, 8 turning to the wrong bridge, 0 go- iug ntraight on by the path leadtng to tho do- posit, and 2 only flnding tholr way to it. Chiangen srere made {rom timo to time, by 8ir John Lub- bock, in the arrangomont of tho bridges, in order torender tho test still more conclusive, But, undor all circumstances, tho results wero sim- liar, A vory small percentage of tho ants trav- cliog about on tho promenado dlscoverod the routa leading to the food. Inono caso, 41 ants travoled over m spaco of 80 inches, coming within 2 inches of the food, and 27 out of the numbor falled to find it. Durin ono ger(od of obsorvation 160 snta cross the bridges, and only 21 followed the path to the food, Al this whilo the two ** wiso anta were steadily 8t work bearing thoe food to the ncst by tho exact routo thoy had beon cludod, snd the last_shovalful of earth hadboon thrown upnn the coffin of the Ismonted soldlor. Gen, Burgoyno, from whoss momoira we have takou tho parliculars of this narrrative, thus dascribed tho acone in his dispatch to Lord Georgs Germain: “The incessant cannonade during tho solomnity ; the steady attitudo snd unaltored yolco with which the Chaplain (Mr, Drudouell) ofiiciated, though frequently covored with dust which tho shota thraw up on all sides of him: tho mute but expreszive mixture of naenaibility and Indignation upon_every counte- nanco,—thesa objocts will remain to the last of lifo upon the mind of overy man who was pres- ent.” The sbiades of evening wero closing round as the mouruers still tarried on ths spot, and our soldiers, learning **the nature of the coremo- nies, stlenced thetr bostile battories, and fired mintte-guas in honor of tho dead soldier.” ‘Tho ofticor who was, undor uuch sad clrcum- atances, lald in o foreign_grave, belongod to an alder branch of tho family from whick tha Fra- ser-Tstlern and Jamos Baillio Fraser, tho travels er, Liave descended. THE RIVER FLY, Ths River Fly, in New Guines, was discov- erad nbout thicly years ago, buc all attempis to exploro tho stream bava hitherto proved vain,— tho natives who thickly popnlated its shoros being singularly florce and Lostile, and violent- 1y oppased to tho incursions of foreignors, R« contly, howavar, ths Rev. 8. Macfarlsne, who fa ot tho head of a missionary party seoking to os- tablish ptations oo the southorn coast of tha inland, Liss navigated the niver 160 miles from, its mouth. Throughout thia distanca the chan- gl waa broad and deop, siid the banks jnvaria- bly low. The explorer Linn tranamittod to Ene [z!and an excollont chart of tho river so faras L hias been surveyed. JEWISH VITALITY, Tho Jews are tho Loalthiest and longest-lived poopla on tha faco of the earth. Their immuni- ty from diseases of nll forms is remarkabdlo. Even tho groat epidemics pass thom by with the infliction of a much lightor scourge than falls upon othor races. It is declared that the cholera neyor choge ono of them for its victim, snd, In fnct, the deatbs from this malady have bsen so ' Bweden will send to tho Contennial Exhibl. {tion, smong otbor things, s specimen of red 17vanito which is suscaptible of us fine a polish 113 tho well-known Beotch granite. It will alsa +ontribute » tablo manufactured of tho boauti- ful porphyry fonnd in Elfda), It I8 owned b taught. Why did not tbey inform tho others | ‘B Tt . ‘!::' ;\; almost k:a boar out thasssertion. Buicido whn&" tiieg word. abatit, Am!Y securo assistanco? | | e Kiop, and cost £10,000. Prof. Nordenskiold, eldom practiced smong them. It has been Wern they & "'m'h uple, vm{“_ ng to pecars 1:lio Arctic explorer, will eond a moteorita weigh- computed, from statistics roturned in cortaln provinces of Austrin and Gormany, ttat, io a population of 1,000,000, the proportion of sui- cides botwoon the Jows and tho mixed white Taccs Waa a8 ono to four, From data carcfally atudied, Hoffmaon found that, botween the years 1828 and 1840, the num- ber of still-born amongat the Jews of Gormsny twasas 1 in 89, and smongst other races na 1 in 40. 3ayor necertainod that, {o Farth, the pro- portion of Jewieh children who die between tho ages of 1 and 5 yoars is 10 por cent, and of Obnstian children of the eamo ago It s 14 per cent, 3L Neuville, calculating from tho statia- tics of Frankfust, showseven s groator vitality oxisting among tho children of the Jews. Ho also finds from Lis dats that tho sverage durae tlonof tho life of tho Jow I2 43 years and 9 months, while of tho Christian it {s 36 years snd 11 montbs. **In tho totsl of all agos, Lhalf of the Jowa born reach tho oge of 63 years and 1 mouth, woilst balf tho Christiana born attain tho ago of 86 yoars only.” Onc-fourth of the Jowish popu- Intion live beyond 71 yoats, but the same pro- portion of tho Ciristian popalation live only bo- yood 59 years and 10 months, 10 ofietal roturns of V'russis givo tho Jows o mortality of 1.61 per cent, aud tho wuole Kingdom 2.2 por ceut. While the Jews doublo thoir numbors in 411§ years, othora requiro o period of 61 yoars, In 1840 thero was in Prussian 1 death for” every 40 Jews, aud 1 death for overy 92 of the remainlng popuiation, Commenting upon theee rtn.istics, which ara brought togother by Dr. Richardson in*! Disensss of Modern Life,” that anthor aseribes the high vilality of tho Jews to their sobor way of living. *Tho Jow drinlks lees than his *oven Christian ;' lio takes, an & ruls, botter food ; Lis martics car- lier ; boroara thio children ho has bronght into the world with greater personal care : ho tends the aged wmoro thoughtfuily ; bie takes botter care of his poor ; and he takes good caro af bim- solf, He doew not boast of to-morrow, but ho rm\'iduu for it ; and he holda tenaciouely to all o gets. To our 8axon eyen and Celtic oves he carrios cheso virtuos too far; but thereby hio wins, becomes powerful, nod, scorning boistor- ous mirth and passion, 18 comparatively haopy." It is o fact in the biatory of the Jowish raco that they nowhere lave paid especial actention tothe dovelopment of physical capacity, Thoy donot from clicico enter o military fi(n, they ostablish no public games, are not given to athlotio oxerelses, and pursue no dofinito meaus for attainiog grost corporoal etrength nnd siature. As a peoplo thoy do nog reach & high ing 10,000 pounds, which was discovered by him. A FALL OF WORMS. Tt is stated fn tho Morgenbiad that, after a re- tont sovera storm st Christinnia, a number of sworms were found crawling about o the snow, Evorything in the vlclnu{ waa in a frozen condi- Lion, nnd it was imposaible to discover whore tha worma had como from. 'The same. phenomeuea was reported from several places in Norway, SHOW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS. The coming exposition of mcientific instroe 1nents at Bouth Kevsiogton fa eafd by tho Athes 1+ sccum not to be creating groat enthusissm in ‘England. It will cost the Governmont £25,000, 1wnd bevefit, ft is thought, ivstrumont-makers 1 auch moro thaa it will science-workors. . to thomeaalves the credit of slogularly productive labors? Or wero they doatituto of tho power of convoying tha intelligence which they pos- scancd ? “8ir John Labbock coucludes that tho Iatter Is probably tho fact, His obsorvations in- cline Liim to tha belief that, when ants flack to s treasuro of food which one of thom has discov~ ored, they siraply accompany the loader blindly, or aro guidod by scent. **The fact, thereforo, Ia by no meana o ovidenen of any high intelli- gence, or any conplex system of comnuinication, but {s morely an instance of inatinet, little high- nr‘:hn‘n'n that which s found in other social ani- mals. In order to ascertain whethor the antennm are orpaus of heatng or of smoll, Bir John created overy sort of a dio around tho ante, but withount achioving any resnlt, The insects appearod nn- conscions of the uofges. If ants have hearing, he coucludes, they must ba geasiblo to those vi- brations of thoair which do not offoct tho human car. In spplsicg tosts to dotermine if tho antennm nre esusitive to smolls, it was found that o fino camel's halr pencil, dipped in porfume, aud brought near to the ants, caused them to tura away from it. On this point 8ir John desiros to mako {nrthor {nvestigatious ba- fore comiug to nuy conclusions, As regards tho affection of ants for one an- otler, Bir Jobn %onuld‘om kfll;llt. lid’ it n:db‘ui idl 18 of n mercenary charactor. Shoald oe die laden | ,, 2 with food, it will undoubtodly be cared for by | ¥'Dhe Editor of The "“r’:g" Aribune; its compnnlons ; bat, in o number of instances Srunors, Mich,, March 25,— There must hav rclated, drowned anta wero put in the way of | b eon a woman in the qnestion somowbere.” the living, and “almont_invariably no attontion ** And tho womaa sho did tempt me, and I aid was paid to tho bodioa of tho unfortunate dead. | ¢ ap.» Thio cancs whoro soms regaru was siown (0 tho | *"Kow, really, r. Editor, T do protest; and do censed ant e o Sosmesed Ao et o faw pato ‘wton not think this a throadbare story, and thas csuse Bir John to docide that tno individunla concerned wero endowed with foolings aupetior | ' ro have had enough of it? For, from time fm. tnemomnal, in overy instsuce where thors has to thoso of the comx'nunl tn genoral. 8ir Joln Lubbock's posftion regarding the anta | 1 ,0an 5 doreliction upon tho part of the sterner 110x, from the path of rectitude or honor, thora 1s dispntod by many generons minds, who do not |'has come a walting cry from tha four quartora of willingly rosign thoir bolief—tronsurod from childhood—in tho high order of sagacity pos- 1 o globe, ‘* Ali! somewhoro thero was & woman n {t;” and echood with words of warning tua sessed by tliogo littlo croatures, A writor 1o tho J. tor bringa forward the ln"nwmg incident % oxt, **Tha woman she did tompt mo, and L did al” o8 & bit of teatimony opposing that adduced by Now, candidly, did it nover occar to yom, al- tho shrowd obsorver who is~ dotng so much to break down tho establshed roputstion of tho though not doubting the probability of the story fn tho loaat, that man is eo casily temptad that if ants and tho bees : .requires but littlo gkilt on tho part of woman,— Tdonot fech quitaratisfied that Sir John Lubbock docs Sustice {0 tho anta’ altrulstic qualiiies, 1fcro.st Jestt Is am exposienico which telis in tholr favor : Tivo o one of e s OF Hien scparatan frecs » bovder 37 1y that, dld p 1 bl e floor of 8 1n of hiles, scparal rom o ler of | - yos, so casily ‘we not take general ot garths by o low baok, some G lnches in helght, of | 1o omido us, wo wonld think somctimes he al- most takea tho lead ? I aay momotimos women 1slmost seoma ta follow, Aud sgain : perhapy, iif aome of tho wivos of thoss old patriarchs had sal80 given thoir vorsion of that partial hustory A SCIENTIFIC LOSS, The oateralist d'Albortis, trho has bosn atudys i ng tho founs of Yalo Island, near the extramity wif New Guinos, has mot with a sovers calamity dnthe loss of one of his collections from thak « lstrict, It contalnod nbout 35,000 foacots and ‘1 00 roptites, und bind boen gont by vessol from .lapa York. —_— THE WOMAN IN THE CASE. “clinkers,”” Ono day'last summer my wife wan ene gaged in cleaning #oine plants of emall, green cater- piliars which wero infeating them. Onoof those, in @ moribund stats, wan ying ou tho files, wheu an ant, coming by, mcizod {t as lawful pnzo, and, physical standard, and still thoir vitalityis groat- | Ater & littl “atrugglo {licro being still eomo | . yhocg tho graceful igure of Eve onters o largo. ar than that of any other civilized raco. In ap- },I,‘,‘.l‘ n’:"(““;‘“:‘l,}" jesml. iy flfl‘:x fi;{m‘; ily, the textmight have boen somowhat changed, plving theso facts'to the question of tho offects | 14i1'the clinkers wera touched, when it became im; :knd possibly thoro might have beon n 1titlo more pos- sibla for the small example of grost labor to get her burdan over the olstaclo, Bnt presently appeared & socond ant, and after & sbort collogny between tho two No, 2 proceeded fo holp No, 1, Thiolr united cn- erwles pucceoded in getting the caterpiliar fo the top of the clinkers,—a taak about oqual, 1 sappose, to that of twodaen who shonld takoa sack of coals Lo the top of the Great Pyramid. Ouce eafely arrived on the level mold, ant No, 2 Lada her fellow.cltizen farewoll, and No. ' went on her way to dopoatt Lor prey in a conven. feni hidiog.place hehing a flower-pot. I may add that my wifo hua read this, and vouches for ita’secue racy fu every particular. 3 INSECT AERONAUTS. Batterflies, frail and delicato as they seem, sometimes accomplish wondorfal foats on the nd, if thosa dovotoes who bow a the shrino wing. A writer in Nalure states that, whilo | of fashion and of foily only bawed to real makinga voyage to Now Zoaland = fow yoars § worth, tho wealth of the intelloct and the soul, ago, a buttertly visited tho alip whon it was dis- ‘;':?o;,:'flg ‘:g‘fn astalo havo Leon saved from o tant from the nearest poiant of land—the rock of > . 2o > St Paul's—tully 200 milos. Tho wind had prob- mnut. whilo woman's individnality is mergod in 8 who ropresents her, and her posttion mess- ably assisted the wandorer in this cxtonded de- | nred by his intlaenco, she must and will bo what parturo from lanll, porhaps bearing it much of | msn "hl!ho':, h‘ur :lo Lo. hUulil tho lu&omin l‘xi i ven hier stand upon her own merits,—unti thojer, Miaany iaCorb nfitn iown, e aven o fieog alns_ cntioaton, thet. i ber o thab trary to its inclination, Darwin rolaten, ln the | which s of moro worth, aro torn away,—will the ** Nataralist's Voyago Round tho Wortd,” that | ;sworld be fult of Ars. Bolknaps, great sud small, one evoning, when 10 miles from the Lay of 8an | as society may dovelop them. Bias, vnet numbers of butterflics surrounded thWHI:m anf coBey. l'm! :;Ilod for noblo oo, ey hiave nol sen foul wantin and whon tho ship Boaglo. The most remarkablo instanco | G109 JATS 098 B0, JaBAd hmlb“‘f‘,‘m “Thore known to this emlnent observor of ag losect ot 15 nobler work and room by our side," and thoir at roa, was that of agrasshopper (Acrydium) which flow on board tho Deagla when the noar- lwon{n o't gnooa.rn‘g;mm:;n nnmi‘ugmxun‘vlmmm'n aggiog footate) on sho lant Lor en- est_point of land not diroctly opposed to thn oot g b trade-wind was Oapo Dlanco, on tho coast of @ign where it will proudly wavo sido by sido with Africa, distant 870 miles. his, aud fashion aod falso pride bo loft to thar In connection with the incident of the grass- minority who can find nothing worthy to do. hopper aud tho butterflies, quotad above, Dar- {h win statos that, on seyoral ooossions, ad the |1 THE UNION SOLDIER. Boagle waa lying within the moath of the La Plata, tho rigging was coated with tho wobs of the- goasamer spider. Ono clear, fine morning (Nov. 1, 1842), tho air was filled with flocculent wobs, § "Tiyo Latiles thou won saved our nation from knavessg to which myriads of amall, dusky-red spiders { The fruit of thy valor, the froedom of slaves. woro attached, Darwin eostimstes tho number 7 of those vontarcsomo visitors aé somo thou- [k{While Time's circling years Lo Eternity roll, eands, Iiach ono came ridiog in on a singlo || The fame of thy deeds will eanoble tho sout thread ; put the threads wero 80 many aud so long that in the oonrse of tho voyage they ran afonl of each otlier, and becama cn- tanglod, forming by the accidental enarl the flocculent masa resembling & wob. The spiders were of Boxo and of nll sizes, but woro all of ono apccles, As | &oon a3 thelr ncrial carriagos camo in contact with the ship's rigging, the spiders alighted, aad reaumod (he uso of their legs with groat alacrity. oy ran all about on tours of discovery, throw- ing out ovor vacant spaced laddera of their own spiunivg, along whick they made thoir way in every direction. ‘They appearsd very thirsty on thoir first arrival, s though thoy bad traveled in thelr long journey—60 miles from tho nearost shore—~tbrough ® dry aud_ ranflod atmosphore, With extended maxillo they eagerly alpped at drops of wator until their thirst was appeasod. The little croatures hiad tho remarkablo facul- tv of runping on the surface of water. When disturbed fn any of tholr occupations, thoy would lift up their front logs in an attitude of inquiry and nttention. Once soated on their gossamer balloons, thoy woro at the morey of the wind, which blew them wherever it listed. —* While watching somo,” says Mr., Darwin, *that woro suspended by a single thread, 1 sevorsl times observed that tho slightost bresth of air bore thom out of sight, 1n o horizontal Mne.” When any of the tiny seronauts wished for a sail, they hiad only to mount upon éome eminence, shoot out » thread from the abdomen, snd then, bold~ inyg it fast, rido off * with a rapidity that was quite uneccountable.” SIBERIAN EXPLORATION, A zoological sud ethnogrsphical expedition set out from Bremen the 1st of March forthe pur« | note 68 axrlosing the Qbi River, ip Blberis. Th of povers plyeical esorciss, Dr. Richardson re- marks: It would bo - impossible, and fu truth unnccessary, to ouforco ‘ any strongor argumont a3 to the negative valuo of axcossivo physical oxortivn iu sustaining tho vital power of a raco, In the courso of cen- turies tho most powerful nations have died out, and empiros of porfoct physical beauty and chivalrio famo havo passed oway. But, through oll thoso vicisaitudes, one race. cultivating nono of tho so-called nthlotio and hsroio qualities, sod fallowing nono of tho exorcisoy panulm‘.zv.'d 88 ‘Lracing,’ ‘bardy,' *invigorsting,' has held its irrepressiblo oan, to romain a more numer- ous people, in ita totality, than ever: a people alifl Emuunung a wmore tonacions Life than its ncighbors, and showing, as it is rolieved of tha crucl restraint loug forced on it, the continuanco also of wental forco and of commanding goniua in art, in lctters, in politics, in commorco, and in scieuce," :meckness and humnlity among mankind than at Io preaant day. But, bo that as it may, wo have but one side, aud thero should be two sides “to havo a Lioering on every question. Dut, fo_referonce tothe point I waa aiming 1at, tho eriticism parsod uvon paor Mrs. Bolknap, to whoso oxtravaganco wax laid his ruin, I woald .say, 04 I sid whon it was first road tome, ‘* ooz woman ! shois more slnnod againgt than kine oing; for hor gratification camo not alono threugh horlove of dress and display, but mozo from tho approviog amiles and flattories of that ndmiring moltitndo who cared not how thn money camo, but how it was used,—loving prodi- ul-x!y rather than jnstico," WILLIAM BLAKE, The art-works of William Dlake, the poet- painter, have beon collectod and put upon exhi- bition by the Burlington Club, in London. Tho cataloguo docs wotb include tho entire list of paintings, drawings, aud engravings produced Dby tho artist, who waa a wonderfully industrions and prolific workman, but & enfficient number ara displayed ‘to indicato tho voreatile charactor of his genius, Mr, W, M. Roasottj, who la a fer- vent admirer of Blake, sponks of tho collection, to tho rondera of tho Acadery, it the following ouloglutic words : ‘o painter's splendid powers of {deal or myutic n- vention and imaginative design, and bis masiory of thn glamour of color, naw iu-its almpleet elements, sud suon in wildiyarbitrary combinations of riche seun und foree, wro amply extibiiad in this calloction. Of course, his defects Locomo no lews wanifest than Dis cxcallences; but with thuse wo ehall not bers con- cern oursclves, Wa sca bofore us the moat oxalted, ceeative, and solitary apirit in Dritish art; avd aro much more iuclined Lo tako Lim on his own showing, anid bogor Lim excredingly for what lie Lins dons grandly sud without rival, than to insist upon {t that thore ate othier qualitics of 'art, somne of which ha .did nat include in Lila practice, whila wowo othars he ban. islied from bis utentions, * Poor Blake struggied during his llfe-lima with bard povorty, for his pictures founa little ap. preclation and fow purchasers, Btill the painter tollod on with undimintaned faith in himself,— the world's iudifference and the world’s scoffing producing no effoct upon Lis imperturbable dorenity, Tho wild, mysterlous visiona that poopled hia fancy, procuring him the mobriqubt of * Crazy Blake," suliced for bia happiness ; and in the obsourest abode, with lus faithful wife by hia side,—belioving 1n him as ho belivv- ed in himself,—bo transferred the dreams from bis brain ta tho canvas, to tha coppor, or to paper, and was uttorly contont with the consciousuess tlat they were destined to lmmortality, Blake died in 1823, at the age of 71, peaceful ond confldent to tho last. It ia aald that he left uoarly » hundred M8, volumes of verso, a large portion of which aro now in tho: posaession of Br. Rossettl, His biography, written by Mr, QGilchrist, was pablisliod in 1863, and a tribute to his momory was isausd tureo or four years lator by Bwinburne. A volume of Lis posins was add- od to tho Aldino collection in 1874, and now bLis art-worka are seouring him tho fawme denied him while living. ‘Tha traitors that met thee with fnsolsnt pride Xoll back fn dizorder, surrendered, or died, bowers, WAI come to thy grave, and drop tears with the flowers, Wesr Grove, Is. . Trinity Ohurch. New York Times, Tue Register, or Ycar-Book, spnmally pabe lished by the Corporation of Trinity Church, Las *’uns boen issnod, Tho inventory of the valuse 18 proporty under it charge showe tho posscs- slon of five churchos, including the pareut so- clety on Broadway, with 8,000 communicants aud an averago congregation of about 6,000 five parpchial soliools, employing fitteen teachers, who fnstruct an averago of 800 scholars ; mix Bunday-gchools, with 8,000 scholars and’ 300 toschers; twenty guwilds and charitable ausucia- tlons; & parish lolirmary in Varick stroet, which is maintainod at an expouso of 7,200 per an- nnw, sud at which relief has veon sfforded ta 118 patients during tho past year. The Hector Las at his disposal five scholarships at Trinity College JHiartfora, Coun,, eleven in tha Protuste ant Episcopal publio school of thls city, and five beds for tho eick 1o Bt. Luke's Houinlll. Froa interments of tho poor ara provided at Bt. Rlickael’s Cometery, Loug Iatand. prrtidedionichs. Souisioi N YWhunce Many of the Fallures, Bastan Tyaveiter, A youog man who was a partner {u oos of ous largest Louses, which susponded some time ago, said, just provious to the disaster, that noyoung ulng\o 10au could lve respectably in Bostou ou less than 25,000 w yesr. He id & married man, and hia expenses have for years beea in the ra- tio of $25,000 for s singly man: Ho has spori- ed his private carrisge, bis eloglat houss, his xebinuo of sexvants, and hiy !:v;u A% the gpesa s HAMLET'S AGE. ‘The question of Hsmlot's age haa been sub- §ect to a good deal of disoussion lately in cortain Euglish newspapers. A slight oontribution to the argument is afforded in the following oxtract printed in tho Academy: i ok e K0 ut e chllarun o vlvooeg bt thay st them not o f i hey aru fourteene years oldiso that hoy with a beard leargs nis A L éw aball seo s great )y aud 8it woeping -SWEDISH CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE CENTEN. i And faic ones, with tokens from woodlinds ang