Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, March 20, 1875, Page 8

THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE: SATURDAY, MARCIL 20, 1875..-TWELVE PAGES. TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. MATEA OF SURSCRIPTICN (PATANLE TM ADVANCE), Pantnge Prepatd nt this 01 3.00 | 'Yeeklr. 1 0 Paeeatiee 19:90 | Fite contos. 188 Bons ‘Tan copii 14.00 ‘do 3.00 A Parts of a year at tho sams rate, WaxTen—Une activo agent in each town and village. Fpecial arrangements made with auch. ‘Suecimen coplee ent fren ‘Voyprecent dolaz and mistakes, be sure and give Post. Ofer eddreanin full, including State and County. Remi:tanconmay bemade either by draft, exprown, Pest- Office order, or in reeistesed jettors, at our rivk, AENDS TO CIST AURSOMINENE. Daily, delivered, Sunday axconted, 2G eanta per weeks Daily. deilverod, Sanday instaded, 91) cont ak. Address THE TRIBUNE OM Carnoe and Dearbor UI nt streat, corner Mon ADFITHE THRATRE—Dea i eee Ear oninge eh roe, Variety entertalamont. A! TRY—Nadlson strent, between Engagement of Honaby. ike lt." Kraning, "The Hanch+ GRAND, OPER. HOUSE: —Clark it _onpasite CUNK acthnees true Liolien ry evening. Bhormen thon’ yb 1a aftha Kitelten.) Afternoon VR THEATRE Tandoion strest, hetwere enry Tanhar.” Kren. Morchant of Venice," TW, BIGELOW Lonek aegalad cominigateatlon ht ores ating = THO: ng. | Work on mare cordinily invited, Mt. GRUGOTIE, Secretary, BUSINESS NOTICES X $8 TO THE NATION AT, ueye and return, with a full aetof west Gam T iclens poll fillings, war- tauled, Aad go fancy Natintaction given oF monuy eviunded. Corer Clatk and Randoipn-ste. — The Chicasa Cribune. Baturday Morning, March 20, 1875, WITH SUPPLEMENT. WAR DECLARED = Cnpitals wuly 18 f ‘The Hon. Jasren D. Wanv, ox-mombor of Congress from the Second Minois District, was yesterday nominated United States Dis- trict Attorney’ for the Northern District of Tilinois, to Gl the vacaney occasioned by tho removal of Mr, Groven, whose continued ill- health had inenpacitated him for tho per- formance of the dutics of the ofiice, Mr. Warn's confirmation by the Senate is con- sidered certain, —_—_———— ‘The Northern Pacific bondholders have met aud passed resolutions of confidence in the rond aud in themselves. If they really be- lieve in the ultimate sucecss of the scheme to the extent of putting their hands in their pockets and furnishing the necessary millions with which to build the rond, it is nobody's concern but their own; but, beyond this, the action of the bondholders is of little conse- quence, Tesolutiors of confidence aro not likely to have any approcinblo effect on the people at large in the way of ereating a mar- ket for tho now almost worthless sceurities, ———— The Committee appointed by tho House to Investigate the maungement of the ITitinois Penitentiary presented their report yesterday, Gross frands in the fulfillment of contracts, and equally gross neglect by the oficials swhose duty it was to have checked tho frauda, together with horrible cruclties practiced upon prisoners, make up the burden of the Cormnitteo’s report. It isa most damaging presentment, and even allowing for the natural disposition of tho Committee to put the worst possiblo phaso upon the Penitentiary managemont, for the purpose of reflecting upon tho present Stato Adiministration, the roport is one which compels attention. Odd- ly enough, the present Speaker of the House figures in the report in n private, nud by no means creditable, capacity, though the spe- vific mention of his name is omitted. The Brooklyn trial yesterday was prolific of extraordinary developments as affecting tho ostensible plaintiff in the case, though now more than ever bo must bo ro- garded os the actual dofendant. The tastitnony of Brssm ‘T'vrcr, given with astonishing compostire and directness, and with o cireumstantiality as to detail which en- titles that young lady to lasting renown a5 the possessor of a wonderful mumory, places ‘fuzrox in on position which leaves him but one hope of escapo from eternal infamy. is only chance is to prove Besar: Tunsen’s recital of yesterday to bo & tissne of falsehood and perjury from beginning to end. Mer story, in some par- ticulars, isa severe tax upon any credulity which has not heen educated up to the pitch of accepting anything which may come to the sarface of the nasty Brooklyn pool, but, in the niaitt, hor evidence seems to have been given as by one wha, even if telling a concocted talo, manifestly hag come at last to believe in its truth, It was a deadly stroke of policy ou the part of the defense to place upon the stand such a witness just before the over- Sunday adjournment of tho Court, leaving her terrible testimony to stand unchallonged bofore a jury made up of millions of rondora for forty-cight hours, Brsarz Tonnen’s fate under Judgo Foutrnton’s cross-exnmination will be watched with n degroo of interest bo- yond any that bas hitherto been felt in tha trial, If Fourenton fuils to break her down, hia client is hopelossly crushed, But is BLr, Bexcuen vindicated in that ovent? The desertion of Don Cantos by Gen. Caunrna ig one of the severest blows tha Pretender has yet received. In a proclama- tion priuted March 16, he announces his recoguition of Dox Azvonso as King of Spain, A conyention betweon Caprena and the Alfonaists is also published, by which Carlist towns, districts, aud provincea submitting within a month may retain the special and focal privilegea they enjoyed before the war; and any appointment of a Carlist ton civil or military office, with the approval of Ca- pra, Will be accepted and confirmed, Ca- pavnain his youth joined a guerilla band which had espoused the causeof Dos Canzos, In 1838 he was raised to the rank of Lieutenant-Gen- eral and made Count of Murrella by Don Oan- tos, and in°1848 suflercd imprisonment in bis cause, In 1846 ho worked for the cause in England, and in the latter part of, tliat year attempted without success to organize a Usrlist uprising, In 1843 he fought a battle for Dow Cantos at Pastoral, in which he was wounded. In the Carllst struggle against the Government of Esrauteno and O'Dox- xxix, he took no part, but since the inyur- rection now in progroushe has been ono of the ablest defenders f Dow Cantos and one uf the most skillful Generals in his oauso. To lose such aman at this time, when Don Auroxso has beon recognized by nearly all the Europoan Puwers, and defeat after defeat uss overtaken the Carllst cause, is a serlous blow to Dox Cantos, aud romoves him farther away than ever from the Spanish throne. ———_— Tho Chicago produce markets wora again frregular and yariablo yeatordny, Mess pork svas unusually active, and 90c per bri higher, closing at $19.05 cnsh, and $19.93 for May. Tard was qniet and stendy, closing at $15.67J@13.70 per 100 Ibs cash, nnd $13.87} for May. Ments wero active and fe higher, at 7{c for rhoulders, 103¢ for short ribs, and 103¢ for short clears. Dressed hogs wero quict and strong, at $8.50@9.00 por 100 the, Highwines were in good demand and steady atSL11 per gallon, Flonr was quiet ond firmer, Wheat was active and ensicr, closing at 952 for March, aud 9530 for April. Corn was dull and ¢@fo lower, closing at GGje cash, and 72%¢ for May, Onts wore quict and firm, closing at ite for March, and 3° for April, Ryo was niore active and ensicr, at N7@i8c. Barley was in good demant and firmer, closing at $1.10 for-March, and&1.0a$ for April, Hogs wero less active and closed easter, Snica at £7.00@8,80. Cattle were in good demand and ruled steady. Sheep were less finnly held, owing to increased recoipts. ——— THE REFORM CHARTER, It seems that the cry of '* mad dog," as ap- plied to the project for the reorganization of cities in this State, has failed in the purpose for which it was started. The merits of the Dill woro eleatly recognized in the Houso of Representatives by its passage on a voto of 101 to 81; it now goes to the Senate, where its prospects of adoption are even better than they were in tho House, ‘Che effort to make the bill obnoxious by identifying it with Hes- ino was transparently stupid. ‘The Legisla- ture scems to have acted on the rational ad- yico given by the Peoria Z'ranseript, which recently said in regard to it: ‘Tho controversy seetna to be all about Itrarxa, Nono of the parties have delgned to discuss the morita of {he propcecd charter as to whether or not it ts botter Un Bie old one, It atrikes an outsider that it ts sad sort of confession for Chicago to impliedly maka that all hor qreat official intereata ara in the keeping of one man, If the charter 19 a good ane, why not advocate and procure its pauiage, and then elect the best man under {t? If it ins bad one, kill ft on its merita; not by bawling “ Hestwa" aver tt, It was in this spirit which the Logislaturo finally considered it, We have uo means of knowing what motives 3Iz, Hxstsa may hove in supporting the measure. ‘They mny bo of the highest and purest character, or they may bo of the worst description, But wo do know that, when a whole people have been clamor. ing for years for a responsible City Govern- ment, it would be tho extremest folly to de- sert this principlo merely beenttsa Mr, Ifzs- txo, or any other tnqn, either approves it or disapproves it from personal considerations. Wo also know that if Mr, Hretxe bo elected Mayor of Chicago (and ho is as likely to bo clected without as with the new charter) he will be a better ofticer under a responsible syste of City Government than ho would be undor an irresponsible system ; and any set of men whom ho may gather about him will be held in cheek under tho new organization, whereas they could indulge their worst pas- sions recklessly and with impunity under the present system. ‘This general fact applies to every other citizen who may be elected Mayor as well as Mr. Uysina, Whatever may bo Mr. Mrstva’s motives in supporting (he Dill, it is perfectly obvious that the motives of those who oppose it ure selfish and desperate. Tho persistent mis- representation of the project is sufiicient proof of this, If there were any sound and valid objections to it, there would ba no ac- casion to falsify and misstate it, Tho Chi- engo Times has exposed its awn falsehood. Tt hes maintained all along that the bill be- foro tho Legislature is a xpecial act to apply to Chicago. Yesterday it called npon Quincy, Peorin, Bloomington, Cairo, and other cities in Dlinois to arrny themselves against it be- cause they would bo forced to adopt it- Now, if tho Z%mes told the truth when it said the bill was a special act to apply to Chicago, it tells a falschond whon it says other cities in tho State will be forced to organize under it; aud tice tersa, Tho fact is that the Times has told n falschood in both cases. The bill isnot aupecial act for Chicago, since it ex. preesly provides a means whereby every other city in the State inay avail itself of the privi- leges. In fact, tha representatives from Quincy, Eost St, Lonis, and othor cities, favored it, because their constituents needed ita provisions as much as Chicago. But, on the other hand, no city in the State (not even Chicago) is obliged to organize under the bill; but, after the Dill shall becomes law, every city in tho State will havo the privilege, to be determined by popular vote, of retain. ing its old charter, or of organizing under the General Law of 1872, or of organizing under tho General Law of 1875 (the present Dill); and no city is reqnired to tako any vote or any action whatever, except upon the peti- tion of one-eighth of tho legal voters, All this would appear to be perfectly plain from the concluding clouse of the bill, which the Tones professes not to comprehend, or rather which it misinterprets. This clause is ¢ Notbing in this act contained aball repeal or in any way mouify the proviulons of approved April 20, 1872, entitled an act to provide for the lucorpora: tion of citfes sud sillages, but this and that sct sbalt each be in force ce a general law, and any cily msy or ganize or roorganizs, a¥ provided fn elther, a¢ the will of the voters, It is from this clause that tho Times con- eludes that evory city which haa already or ganized under tho General Act of 1872 must perforce abandon it aud ndopt the amend- ments, This iu sheer nonsense, ‘The person who can tnisconstrue thia clause does not un- derstand the English langnago. If the bill passes tho Senate and becomes a law, the | privilege is given to avery city in the State, including Chicago (1), to rest just whore it is, aud take no action whatever; or (2) to or- ganize under the General Law of 1872, if it has now a special charter; or (3) to organize ‘under the General Law of 1876, which retains the main part of the General Law of 1872, but provides cortain essential changes which rouder that law more available for largo cities, As wo lave said before, we do not remem- ber au instance in which a proposed public measure hos been so flagrantly aud grosuly misreprerented ox this bill of amendments to tho General Reorganization Act. It has been willfully misstated in tho hope that it might ‘bo defeated in the Legislature by this meaus, so that the people should not havo the privi- logo of deciding whother they will havo it or not, This scandalous effort has been made for the simple purpose of retaining the pres- ent charter, and the ring legislation which it ronders practicable and easy. —_—_—— ‘Wo can,Imagine the horror of the Chief of the Bureau of Navigation and ‘Tonnage of the ‘Yroasury Departinent ot Washington when ho opened the letter of the owners of the forcign-built steamers engaged in the foreign trade asking if they might transport passengers from one port in tho United Statea to another. All the prejudices and exploded theories of tun centuries are jeal- oualy treasured in that Bureau, and this prop- osition, which is the Jaw of every olvilized nation in tho world save tho United States and Spain, must have atartled tho Burenn ns wonld a proposition todo any other act which je natural and in keeping with tho onlightened spirit of tho ago. ‘The American Jaw forbids ‘an American citizen being transported on tho Jiigh seas from ono part of the United States to another upon any vessel built in a foreign Innd or owned by foreign enpital. To tho maintenancoof that lew the Treasury Depart. mont clings with religions forvor. ‘The law, however, docs not prohibit American citizens being transported from one part of the coun. try to another on n’railrond owned aud built by foreign capital. Tho wiso men of Con- gress seem to think there is a difference ; but the world Inughs at the ignorance which ad. hires to the once cherished but now univer sally oxploded fallacy; ——_Soe TIBURCIO VASQUEZ. Wo print this morning a picturesque marry tive of the life and career of ‘Txpuncto Vas- quez, the Californin bandit, who expiated his manifold crimes yesterday on tho gallows, Tt reads like # romance, Nevor was there such a variety of crimes crowded into tho brief span of twenty years of a singlo life. Vanqurz was tho peculiar product of the land and time which furnished him with his op- portunities, He was not of the ‘ Argonauts of 449,” whose history las furnished Bnet Hanre with so many genre sketches, He was of the rnuk undorgrowth of Spanish Califor- nin, possessed at onco of the cunning of the Mexican, the cruclty of the Spaniard, and the intrepidity of the Californian. Ho joined the delicacy of ® woman to the ferocity of a wolf, Hoe combined iho politeness of a Spanish grandee with the groveling instincts of a mongrel, Hoe was born a California Greaser, and he sped the accomplishments of a gentleman. He was not a Roni Moon, nor a Dick Terris, nor a Jack Surrvanp, nora Fra Dravoro, but ho had some of the characteristics of all of then. ‘More lawless than a country which was itself lawless, and better informed than his neigh- bors, he managed to escape for twenty yenrs, now by atealth, now by outwitting his pur- suers, now by heroic resistance that cannot fail to command admiration even from those who sre appalled at tho list of his crimes. He would moke o better hero for a now Beggars’ Opera” than Macuratu was, and many a time might have sung: « Tet tua tako ta the oud lark! I hear tho sound of corches, ‘Tivo hour of attack approaches— To your arms, brave Loya, aud load. Bee the ball Thold Tat the chemista toll like aascs, Gus tre thelr fire surparser ‘Aud turns all our load to guid, Vasquez was the hero of more then thirty murders. He began his murderous career when he was 10 years old by killing o con- stable who dared to interfero while he was punishing a fellow who diaputed a girl's fave ors with him, ‘This incidont was the occasion of his taking to tho mountains, and there ho thenceforth mndo his home, except at bricf intervals when he was serving in the Poniten- tiary or lurking in the towns to elude his pur- suers. He defied Vigilantes 18 well as or- ganized authority, and continued his horse- thieving and highway-robbery in tho most reckless and daring manner, ‘The life ho led does not excite miuch enthusiaam, in spite of its romance, hero is almost too much of the mongrel and the * groaser" about it, And yet it is relioved by many love episodes and deeds of dating, which ercate an interest from which our horror and disgust at the rest of his life cannot alto- gether freo us. Besides, ho is a typo of character that died with him on the scaffold yesterday. There will bo robbers, and horse- thioves, and murderers, and adventurers; but thero will never be another ‘Tszncio Vas- quez in California, any more than there will bo another Fra Diavoro in Italy or Rony Hoop in England, Southern California has not yet lost all its romance, but the oppor- tunity is gone forever for repeating such o life ng bis, The manner of his capture, which is told in the sketch wo print, is asromarkablo as any other incident in his career, and affords a striking instauce of the peculiar bravery which was tho only saving element in the man's character, Ever since his arrest he has repented the story of Mac- HEATH: ss TE eet ci Pages teccnioatow! 7 I go undisinsyed, tor death 1s 5 debt— A debt on demand, so take what Lowe, When all the romanco of Vasquez’s carcer istaken cwny, there is no more hideous ob- ject iineginable than this man without heart, conselence, pity, or remorse, this man with the hand and foot of a woman and the na- ture of a hyena, Tho rope never draw upon worthier candidate for infamous death, and the world may breathe freer sinco his final exit. RECIPROOITY WITH THE HAWAIIAN 13I- ANDS. The United States Senate, by avery de- cided voto of 61 to 11, ratified the tronty of reciprocal trade with the Hawaiian Islands negotiated when King Karazaua was in this country, The treaty proposes to admit, froe of duty, into the United Btatos the follow- ing named articles of the growth and produo- tion of the Hawailan Islands: Taw hides, esator oil, paints, nute, vegetables, dried and undticd, preserved and wnpreserved, hides and skins undseseed, rice, aandal woods, seeds, plank sbrubbery, trees, brown and all unrefined sugars, meaning the grades known au Sandwich Ieland sugars, sirupe of augar-cane, melada, molasecs, bananas, Jn return, articles of the growth, produc- tion, and manufacture of the United States ate to be admitted freo inte the porta of tho Sandwich Islands. We do not know that there ia any objection to this troaty, save that it is open to tho charge of being spacial legis. lntion in the interests of either native sugar- refiners or foreign sugar-planters, If wo un- derstand correctly, tho only product of any yaluo which we cun import or do iniport from the Bandwich Islands is sugar. ‘This sugar ig not fit for uso when imported, and hay to be refined. The present duty on that class of sugars is 2conts por pound, and theannnal average importation Is about 22,000,000 pounds, Assuming that this production will increaso, and that sngars now taken from Honolulu to other countries will all find its way here, we may estimate tho annunl fnportation at 80,000,000 pougds, which, if taxed, would produce $600,000 anuually, ‘This sugar passing into the hauds of tha re- finers will be to thems so much raw material, costing 8 centa per pound Jeas than other sugar, and therefore a donation to them of $600,000 annually, 1f, however, tha Sand. wich IWands sugar is or can be bo refined or clarified at the place of manufacture os to be {it for ordinary usa on its arrival hero, then the sugar will stand precisely as do the tea and coffec,—the removal of tho tax will enable the producors in the Islands to edd 3 conts per pound to their price for it, In either caso, it will not reduce the price of sugar to American consumers, but it will result in a Joss of from $600,000 to $900,000 angual revenues te the Government, and a donation of that aum to cither the refluora or to the Sandwich Isiands manufacturers, The treaty opons no new matket to the United States. Tho United States is the cheapest market in which they can buy what they want, nnd the best for them to sell in, Tho whole population of tho Islands docs not exceed 40,000,—nbout the number of ono of tho wards in this city ; but the largor part of the people aro of tho most primitive hab- its, and have no need of American manufac. tures nor of American productions. Tho English and American residents aro ‘but 1 amall proportion of the population, The Islands oro not capable of any grent increnso of production, the aren of euttivable Innd deing very aninll, ‘The natives aro nshiftless, idle people, so valueless as Inborors that tho Planters have imported Chinese to perform tho labor which tho Hawaiians are labitually too Inzy to porform, Practically, the Salands hnvo become, so far ns productiveness {a con- cerned, moro sugar plantations, owned and worked for the profit of some few Autericans who have nettled there. ‘The iden of increna- ing our oxports to the Islands is a vain one. On the snmo day that this (renty was com- municated to the Senate that body rejected n like treaty with the Dominion of Canada, whero there aro nearly five millions of hardy, industrious people, closely allied to us in blood, and in socinl habits, customs, and wants, Thoy aro all consumers of just such things na are produced and manufactured in tho United States, They offer a close, conven- jent, and profitable market for our iron and its manufactures, In the abundance of our raw matorials, our perfect means of traus- portation, and our improved machinery, we conld flood Cannda with our manufactures ot pices defying competition, Tho Canadian market has been, since tho panic, a great ro- Nef to our manufacturers, Dut to nell to Canadians would require a reduction in prices to the hone consunicrs, and, while that would increaso consumption, increnso production, and employ mors labor, it would do away with the bounty which our manufacturers now receive under our tariff laws, They prefer the policy of producing ono dollar's worth of goods with o bounty thoreon of 50 cents, to producing ten dollars’ worth of goods with a legitimate profit of 25 percent. Then, ngain, the lumber-speculat- ors of Michigan and Wisconsin objected that lumber might be brought into the United Stntes, and reduce their monopoly. The Sen- ate which rejected the treaty opening up to us reciprocal trado with fivo millions of people, cousumers of the classes of goods manufac. tured in tho United States, by nearly an unanimous vote, ratified a similar treaty with n kingdom of say 50,000 semi-civilized people, who hove no uso for and do not want anything wo produco or manufacture. This treaty with the Sandwich Islands was favored on the ground that it would draw tho people of thoso Islands into such close com- morcial relations with vz that annexation would follow. If this argument has any force, and wedo not think it has, it should have applied with ten-fold force to n similar treaty with Canada, whoso torritory is inter- locked with own, and which is separated by a morely imaginary lino, But Protection” haunted the Sonate Chamber and howled so distnally over a treaty with Onnada that the Senato laid the treaty on tho shelf, and took up and ratified the other with tho King of the Sandwich Islands and his 50,000 decaying and porishing poople. RELIGIOUS POLITICS. An item of Philadelphia news seems to show that tho managers of the party which waut God recognized in the Constitution are working indirectly, as well ns directly, to compass thoir sims, Con it be that Judge Luprow, of tho Philadelphia Quarter Ses- sions, who is one of tho political Christians, tins begun a crusade which hes for its end the religions renovation of the masses? It would seem 50, if we are to judge by his re- fusal to naturalizo Juttos Nuetanp, The latter presented himself before Luptow, and mado proof thnt he had resided in the United States five years, and in Pennsylvania one year, and applied for his naturalization pa- pers, ‘Tho Judgo indorsed upon the poti- tion: ‘Refused on account of being an in- fidel.” The qualifications for naturalization are residonce for five years in the country and one year in the State, and behavior ‘as aman of good moral character, attached to the principles of the Constitution of the United States, and well disposed to the good order and bappiness of the same” during such residence. ‘Good morat character" does not necessarily imply religious belief. Congress has no power to prescribe any religious tests for citizenship or for anything else, ‘The whole power over the subject of religion," says Stoney, ‘* is left exclusively to the State Governments, . . and the Catholio and the Protestant, tho Calvinistand tho Arminian, the Jow and the Infidel, may sit down at the common table of tho national councils without any inquisition into their foith or modo of worship,” His Honor, Judge Luprow, has kindly supple- mented the labors of Congress by laying down anow requisite for naturalization, If he could have received the application of Joux Srvant Mttz, he would probably have ro- turned it with the indorsement, “ Refused on account of being on infidel.” His ruling is like that of an English Police-Mngistrate, which, mado a few weeks ago, hos already been robuked by pros, poople, bar, and bonch. Under the common law, an atheist cannot sorve 13 0 witness, Mite refers, in o foot-noto to his ** Liberty," to the rojeationof the noted London journalist, G. J, Honroaxe, under this rale, An agitation largely due to Buaptavon's efforta kos since secured the passageof a statute allowing atholststoteatify, Novertheloss, the Police-Magistrate aforesaid refused to admit an atheist to the witness. stand becauso, aa ho sald, o ‘ higher author. ity than the law " forbade it, This is appar- ently Judge Luptow’'s position, He adminis. ters law oud something more, When the statute and the misty something moro con- flict, the former must yicld. Tho Constitution forbida a religions test, but Judge Lupuow imposes onc, Ho acta as if tho religious amendmont had already beon adopted, and as if signing a croad waa now tho requisite of American citizenship. ‘The refusal to naturalize Jurtve Nicvann was not only bad law, but worse policy. Such displays of intolerance slways increase both religious and irreligious bigotry, Judge Lup- vow has probably harmed the cause he wishes to aid, 'This is not the only recont judicial de- clvion which mixes up religion and politics to their mutual disadvantage, A New York Judge hoa declined tareceive evidence offered by an infidel, It is sald that Panton and others will endeavor to have this ruling re- versed by the Supreme Court, and, failing in that, willask the Legludatare to pasa a law which will proven! what the Pall-dfall calls +g Liltle ilogical,"~ any escape of one man froma punishment in this world because tho witness against him docs not beliove in pun- ishmout in the noxt, THE BLACK HILLS FOLLY, ‘Tho prompt action of tho Guyernmont with reference to tho Binck Hills gold-hunting expeditions now fitting out under the aus- pices of speculatora aud encouragement of frontier towns, eager to make fortunes out of the excitement, ought to be a solomn warning, ‘Tho Government troops aro already in motion from various sections of the coun. try for the Black Hilts region, and will op- posa any invasion of it by force of arms, 'Thoir orders aro of tho most stringent de- seription, Gen, Surnwan hos stated his in. structions very sharply, namoly, to stop all thogo whe are going thore, and to expol all thoso who aro in tho mining country, while Gen, Snentpax emphasizes these general orders by directing Gens, Terny and Ono to burn the wagon-trains, destroy tho outfits, and arrest the leaders, confining them at tho nearest military post in the In. dina country, This scems ond is unneces- sarily harsh trentment, so far as the destruc. tiow of private proporty is concerned, and savorn altogether too mitch of the mannor of disposing of Indians to be palatable to white men, It is only incumbont upon officers of tha Government to provent minora from go- ing into the Black Hitls country aud expel those who aro in there in the ovent that Con- gress shall fail to extingulah tho Indian treaty-titles, and this can bo effected without auch rough treatment as Gon, Suntan haa directed. The order is a harsh one, from the stondpoint of ordinary hu- manity. ‘These gold-huntera will suffer sufilciontly from weather, exposure, dis- ense, the ravages of Indians who now havo n sufficient justification for attack. ing them, aud the ernel disappointment which is suro to overtake them, without stripping them of all theireffecta, and ontfits, and trains, and leaving thom to crawl back homo again as thoy best can without leaders, clothing, provisions, wagons, or horses, Novertheless, the orders of Gens. Sienacan and, Sentwan onght to convince thosa who have o mania for the Black Ifitls that the Gavernmoent ia in oarnest aud will enforce the general orders atony cost. Should it fail to do so, indeed, it would ben violation of a solemn compact: with the Indinns, which would render evory other Indian trenty wortbless and inaugurate agencral Indian wor, in which the savager would have rightn their side, even if they did not have might, We once more, therefore, repeat our warn- ings te the crowd which is getting rendy to rush to the Black Hills, that tho chances aro moro than even that dreadful disappoint mont awaits them, and that when it is too Inte thoy will discover that they have not only given up their situations, wasted their time, exposed their familios to suffering, and lost money, but that thoy aro hunted down on the one hand by Indians, and on the other by the Government ns outlaws, In addition to these facta, thoy must considor that the bull: of testimony is much moro conclusive that there is not gold cnough in the Black Hills to pay for going, even if the trenty were ex- tingnished, than that there is, and that Gon. Onn has already ordered his troops to bring in the minora who left Sioux City last October, ow- ing to their destitution, We have little faith thot warnings will be heeded. Tho oxpe- riences of the Sacramentonnd American Rivor Valley, Pike's Peak, and Whito Pino will in all probability be repeated, but when that time comes, the victims will not have it to aay that they wore not forewarned by Tue Trung. If thore is gold there, it can wait. ‘Tho first expedition will not exhaust it, even if the first oxpedition should succeed in evad- ing the Indians and tho military, of which there is little prospect. CIVIL RIGHTS, An abstract consideration of tho applica. tion of the Civil-Rights Inw dovelops some very anomalous features, Myr, Bunxe, the restauraut keeper who was arrested oa few daya ince at the instance of a negro for re- fusing to serve him with o brenkfost, stated asa reason for his action to a representative of Trex Tamuneg that, if ho had sorved him, it would rnin his business by driving away his white customers, upon whom he has to depend for his patronage, Mr. Bunxx js un- quostionnbly right in his statement, It would drive away the grent majority of his patrons, but why should it? Theso same patrons when they go thore for their meals are gerveil with food which has beon handled, manipulated, and cooked by negroes, They nover atop to inquire how theso negroes havo cooked it. It is served tothem by a nogro, who brings the food to their tablo, gives them knifo, fork, and plate, porkaps wiping tho latter with his apron or napkin which has been doing nich sorvico of a similar sort; and this knife, fork, and plate wero scrubbed beforehand by « negro, and his napkin was washed and ironed by ono. Ta it not an anomaly, therefore, that this restaurant-patron can sit down to his meals propared in this manner with a good appetite and without o singlo qualm, and yet that his gorgo will riso atsight of a negro enting at another table in tho name restaurant? ‘The caso is tho same ina hotel, Ylotels aro full of negrocs, They cook the food, servo the tables, brush clothes, black boots, anawor bells, sweep rooms, and make beds, All this can bo sn- dured, ‘They oven live, eat, and aloop in the hotela, and no guest makes any objection to it; but when o nogro sceka to rogister his namo and become a guest, although ho may eat at a side table and sleep in tho cock-lott, speedily there is an uproar among the white guesta, and all pack up their tronka and threaten to leave. Why? Is a negro who pays the hotel proprietor for eating and sleeping in hia house any more objectionable than a negro who cats and sleeps in the house and is paid dy the proprictor? Again, anogro must not be an inmate of a aleoping- car, and yotanegro cau serve moals, make up the berths, and do all the serving work in asleeping-car without objection, ‘The con- trasta might be traced almost ad infinitum. Negroes can bo our servants. They can do Inundry work. Nogro haiy-dressers can do up iy lady's hair and handle her at tholr own aweot will, Negro nurses can wash, dress, fondle, aud handlo whito babies, Negroes can sit in our pows and worship, and there is mo one to esy why do you so? Black Swans and Blind ‘Toms can alng and play in our concert-rooms, and tho elite will throng to hear them, but negroce must not go there as auditors. Negro barbers can shave ws, and can imonipulate us from herd to foot, an hour ata time, even in the hot summer doys, but they must not eat in the same restaurant, ride in the same car, eleop in the same hotel, go to the same thea- tre, or attond the same gobool with white children, ‘What ia the reason for those finely-drawn AisUnotions and these dalicate shades of pre} a udico? Is itn projudico atall? Is it not, rathor, the detormination of tho white race that the black race shall continue to hold the monial position in eocin! mattora? Wo havo ndmitted them to o political oquality, and the most blatant of all the Bourbons does not object to vote aide by sido with thom, to clec- tloneer for their votes, and to servo undor them in office. Weran negro, for instance, to bo olected Shoriff of Cook County, thera is not a blinthoraklte Demo- ecratio bummer in the city who would not accept office under him, This at- tompted socinl outlawry is only 9 proof that the influences of tho two centuries of negro sorvitudo in thia country have not yet conced to work, It shows that tho North, as well as the South, has not yet ontgrown tho idoa that tho negro is tho inferior and must bo kopt in the inferlur position, socially if uot politi- eally. It shows that tho blighting influonces of alavory aro still alive, In Enropo, while and black go sido by side withont any troublo, and, 03 Intman nature is the samo the world over, it ia very apparont that tha social opposition to the negro dues not grow out of natural causos, but is one of tho relics of slavery. The ucgro must not be admitted to social privilegos, not because ho ia offensive, not because he is not worthy of it, but simply because ho is n nogro, branded by two centuries of cruelty aud oppression a8 oninforior, Is this just, or courageous, or manly treatmont of araco just emancipated from its servile condition, and struggling for a placo and position among the other races? : THE CHICAGO COMMUNISTS. Tho Communists of Obicago for the past two years havo kept up a continual howling about their poverty. Thoy havo mundo speeches in which their own sufforings and the sufferings of thoir families from poverty and hunger hove beon very graphically do- picted. Thoy have mado raids upon the Common Council aud the Relicf and Aid Socioty, demanding that tho ono should sp- propriate city moneys for their roliof and that tho other should hand over its funds to the Commune londors for tho oid of the mf- foring families. To judgo from their clamor for money, atarvation must bo threatening them. Tho male Communists can get no work and tho female are threatened with avery description of trouble, This would be the goucral idea ono would gather from their froquout and noisy harangues, and undoubt- edly much sympathy has beon wasted npon them by kind-hearted people, It now appears, however, that theso Communists who have no work, whose families are starving, and who clamor so importunately sbont the doors of the Common Council and Relicf and Aid Bocicty for monoy, found no difiiculty in hiring Turnor Hall for nn ovening, in om- ploying s band, in decorating tho hall, in arranging tableaux, and in sponding monoy for wino and beor, The condition of a class of pooplo who can afford to spend money in this manner is not very pitiable, and men and women who‘can drink beor and wine, and donca all night in Turner Holl, can hardly bo called very sad-hearted, or auffar very matarially from dread of starvation. It begins ta look very much oa if tho Chicago Communist wos not only a nulgance, but a loafer and a dent-beat, trying to sponge money upon false protensos, It is timo that tho honest workingmon of Chicago, who do not go howling round, but work for their living and support their familics, let these Communists understand that-thoy can- not any longer impose upon tho public their nonsense about “oppressed workingmen.” It is an insult to tho Inboring classes of the city. Thoy are not entitled to any sympathy or any support unless thoy can show that they havo tried to obtain work but havo fail- od, Inthe faco of their Turner-Hall pow- wow, their motto, “ Botter to dio o horo’s death like those who rest at Freidrichshoim, than, suffering from hunger, longer bo the sinva of the Moloch Oapital,” is a piece of impudent bravado, which ought not to go un- rebuked. Tho real workingmen of Ohicago ought to put a wide distance between thom- selves and theso “‘slavos of capital suffering from hunger," who nevortheless can dance and swill boer all night at Turner Hall, ——SS eee 80UTH GAROLINA, Gov. Craxmanuary, of South Carolina, finds reform hard work. He carried the Re- publican Convention Jast year, os the candi date of tho honost wing of his party, but, though ho was elected, the other wing seems to have the majority of tho Legislature, When tho Intter convened, it was discovered that the ablo efforts of Moses and his gang to take evorything in the Senate had not quite succeeded. There was still chance for plun~ der, Tho chance was improved. Questions- ‘blo claims wora hurried through ; the Legis- ative Appropriation act appropriated for the Legislature all obtainable dollna; and a bill rodueing the absurdly high salaries now paid by the Stato was voted down, Thonn “funil- ing” schemo was devised, Funding has hith- erto proved a favorite dovice of tho Carolina atateamon, These ingenious individuals ap- pointed a Commission, some years ago, to re- fund the bonded debt, The Commission issued all the new bonds and sold them, but forgot to take up any of the old ones with the proceeds, It waa probably the remem- branes of this savory steal which led to the passage of a bill at this scaaion to fand part of the floating debt of the State and pay tho ost, The old dodge of an irresponsible Com- mission was part of the act, Gov. Caamnzn- tare bas votoed the bill, To says, in his meadage, thot the appropriations already made are so great that further taxation is im- possible, The amount now levied is ** with- out procedent and without justification.” He does not rogard the Commission named in the bill as trustworthy, and the greater part of the floating debt consists of unpald logislative certificates, which ho does not consider as a valid claim upon the Stato, They havo beon ‘ mado to cover vast frauts,” This is true, Tho favorito way of bribing legislators, undor the Isat two Administra. tions, was to issue all tho pay certificates the providing officers of the two Houses hed time toaign, This ingenious dovice was intended to make the tax-payers, instead of the thieves, pay the bribes which were the prico of le- galized theft, Jt worked very woll og long na there wos anything in the State Treasury, but when that impoverished recoptocle was finally swept bare, pay-certificates had to be nogotinted at a heavy discount, and the price of votes rose, If, as Gov. Cuampxntar says, the certificates form moat of the floating debt, the latter might be suffered to float for- ever without hurting more than half-a-dozen honeat men... “Phe reasons of the veto commend them- solves, ‘The Governor, electod on a platform which promised honesty and strict economy, could not bave signed the bil! and kept falth with his constituents, The Legislatare, how- ever, in greatly excited, The members are publicly denouncing Ousmexanusn, The lat- tax can eouns upon the moral support of the —— whole country. It is timo that tho a: who havo beon dirgracing their reer en, solves, and Amorican institutions by thole recklera venality should learn that. stenlin must stop somowhere. The Republican jue haa done ovorything it could for tho South, Carolina peopto, aud tho letter havo repaiq thia kindness by inflicting grave and lastin, harm upon the party but for ‘hie they would now be things, not mey, more chattels, sold at tho nuction-biock, with, out aright recognized by tho lnw, If Gay, Onaxpertatn’a voto is not sustained, he can console himsolf by reflecting that adverse action by tho South. Carolina Legislature, ay by the Chicago Common Council, fs 5 proof of tho merits of tho thing condemned, ‘This is what the Now York Journal of Com. merce calls it, and tho epithot seems to ho de. served. ‘Tho outrage is on the chiccory trade, Chicory vies with benns in supplying ths raw material of much of the compound goly asecoffoo, Itiain great and growing demund, It was acizad upon by the protectionists i) soon og the War gave them a chanca to play their little game. The act of March 2, 1961 taxed imported ‘‘chiccory-root” 20 per cai, ad valorem, Tho act of Aug. &, 1861, mai the duty specific. Chiccory-root was taxed 1 cont per pound and ground chiccory 2 cent, In July, 1862, tho protection screw was turncé again, and the provisionran : ‘ On chiccory, root, 2 cents per pound; on chicas ground, burnt, or prepared, 3 cents ps pound.” ‘Two years afterwards, someboty wanted more money, and the tax went up 4 por cent on the root and to 6 on “ groun), burnt, or propared" chiccory. Tho secret of this steady rise was thot the ‘*somebod:" behind Congross wos manufacturing. Ameri. can flag-root, beans, etc,, ag a substitute fo) chiccory, So, of course, the people wer taxed to make him rich, Finally, the dealn in tho article made a determined cffcrt, and Congress inserted in tho aot of June 6, 1872, these words: ‘On chiccory-reot, ground or unground, Leontper pound.” ‘iho forty-sixth soction of this act declares thet ‘sali acta or parts of acts inconsistent with the provisions of this act aro hereby re. pealed.” The plain moaning of those two sections, taken together, is that tho tax of 1864 is entirely abrogated, and that all chic. cory is now subject to s duty of 1 cent per pound, Tho Treasury Deportmont co interpreted the new rule, For three sean chiccory has been imported in this way. A few days ago it was annonnced that the ofl. cial interpretation had been changed, and that hereafter all ground chiccory which had also beon ‘* burnt or prepared" muat pari conta por pound. Every ounce of ground chiccory ever brought to this market has becn “ propared ” in some way, so that this new roling entirely abrogates the Jaw of 1872, cx cept so far as the unground root is conce:ncd. To make s bad matter worse, this ruling is to ‘be retro-active, Tho 5 conta is to bo ccllect- ed, if possible, on all the ground chicccry imported since 1872, Tho trade in New York is seriously it jurcd by this sudden and arbitrary change in tha customs, Many merchants hove sold co rgers of chiccory now afloat, and others have given heavy orders ahead, on which they inst suffer heavy losses. Tho change inthe ming is on arbitrary outrage, worthy of Fersian financioring, If the spirit of tho Inw and the practica of three years havo not sottled the rate, due notice of the incroase should have beon given, at lenst, Quite s controversy bas sprung up is Balti. more ss to the design and scope of the proposcd Jonuns Hopais Univeraity. Mr. Horxins pleced ‘potwoon two and threo ‘million of dolfars in the hands of trusteos for the foundation of an justi- tution of learning, to bear his namo, ‘Tino be- quost is loadea down with fow conditions, sud the trastces sro trammeled by no diractioua touching the details of the enterprio. , Tio Net York Nation, noticing these facts, suggenicd tht tho trates bad « grand opportunity, such an one as bea nevor boforo beca offerod in thia country, to eatablish a genuino univoraity of loarning. It advigod » stan tard of adminaion ao high aa to oxcludo from tho Uniser alty those who bad not mastered tho rudimonts, and orplained that such ap inatitution au it ple- tured would doubly advauce the cause of educe tlon in this country, first, by giving instruction in the higher branches to studonta of proved ability and induatry, and next by using the time of tho scholars, who should act ae inutructots. to the boat possible advantage. ‘Che Idea war not woll received in Baltimore, Tho Ameri can, of thot city, wae first and louder} 1m ‘its protostationa; and it baa fonvd many sympathizers and supporters who bellere that Mr, Houtna jntonded to confer an especitl bonofit on that soction of the country, an’ would be sorry togeo bla fortune diverted from bis original purpoas. She peopie of Haltimorescen not to appretend the didiculty of makiag the University anytiing more than a looal fantita tion, so long as {t ocouplea no peonliar felt; and thoy hava not apparently conaldered how grest and unnecoggary will bo the waste of monty ie volved in an active competition with Yale asd Harvard, ——_-—-— Ono of Brix, Krxa’s home organs, tho Mim neapolis Tribune, falls into an ecstacy of de light ovor the announcement that the To stints ter of that alty will be continued in affioa, Ths almple fact is published andor thirteen or more headlines, running sloog in @ typogreybicel modley, as follows: “ Kixe fa Still King—Ue Recognition by the President—Hia Evemes Bhould *Medgo’ at Once—Our Poar-Ofico bull at His Dispoual—We aro Ready to Nin snd Bing, ‘Yonder Comes the Powerful Riso of Day Nofoicing im the East’” eh Now, all the eatnentle reports of Co. Tina's interview with the President lead an unprejadiced observer to the ‘cond! #10 that Wrrtax has no more occasion to rejeirei® the Bast than he had in the North,—that is say, 1a Cauada. But the poor people of Minne apolis aro doubtless convinced by this time tbat ho has been ofliclaily vindioated. Let us ¥ait until he wante somebody removed, or » ACw ig polotment made, bafore giving » fins! eattianté of his powers. American humor Is said to consist largelt 2 exaggeration, which defiuition is Hkely to pice the Now York Aldormon who entertained Hats xava st the hoad of the professioval humors of the day. An examination of thelr bills ae that tho Royal visitor’s multe was Jarger bY ® +4 membera than ho wupposed. That they wore 20! roore phantaams {s shown by the amount of fo! thoy ate sud of vinous and spirituoas Nquor they consumed. One little bill of entertainment Toe minds the Herald of Fatsrary’s ‘Aldermanio tan" dencles as represented by bis bill. Indood fa frequont recurrence of the words, re Holdseck,” ‘sundry drinks” “ drinks “ cigora,” “wines and drinks,” “atiy Be’ cigars,” jnatify the comparison. —————_—-___—_—— ‘The ‘mania for enormous hotels is not ates opldemle upou the American peopte, but nt _ a charactoristio featuro of onr national én eH prine and modeof lifo. But the number of git caravanserios now {in existence is #0 DY 8 greater than tt ever wea that itis about Sit atop and calcniate. A writer 10 the Graphs describing the Palsce Hotel st Ban Frases “ owed by Barstow and Sasnox, speass of Ito sovering 100,080 square sees of Sand, and 004 alsagether aboud 04,000,000, Dee oa aad = as