Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, November 9, 1873, Page 6

'HE CHICAGO DAILY. IRELAND A Most Beautlful Country, but a Poor and Discontented People. Rent the Onnoor that To Enting Out the Vitals of the Island, The Villainous System of Land. . Monopoly. Ono Mundred Million Dollars Annually Extorted by Absenteo Landlords, and None of tho Monoy Spent at Homo. Ireland Tranquil Because She Is Ruled by the Bayonet. An Improvement in Education--- Intemporance Not a Popu-’ lar Vice---Catholic and Protestant Fac-: tions. The ‘¢ Home.Rulers” and Their Plat- form---Their Real Purpose, In- dependence of Great Britain, i Speciat Correspondence of The Chieago Tyibune, Loxpox, Oct, 20,1873, * Whilo the people of Ireland aro the Niobo among nations, the land-itself is woll worthy.of the pames bestowed upon it by the poeta :.the “ Emorald Ialo,” and tho *Gom of tho Sea.” As mseon by the tourist, it is A MOST DEAUTIFUL COUNTRY, posscssing every variety of surfaco and soil,” from rugged mountains to lovely valloys and ox- pansivo plains. The siroams are everywhore bright and clear, and generally swift-run- ping, TFor so small a territory, there are romarkably large rivers and lakes. With the oxoeption of ono or two in Bwitzerland, there are Inrgor lakes in Ircland thon canbo found olsowhoro in Europe. Tho Sbannon is' & larger rivor than any in Groat Britain, and navigablo for s longer distance, Tho Uarbors are among - the fluest in tha world. « The climate is remarkably tomperate and equa- ble, Many plants which can only flodrish in bot-houses in England, flourieh in the open air {n Iroland ; while the great moisturo which pro- rails ig so favorablo to vogetation that the coun- Iry is carpoted in almost porpotusl groon. This voerdure oxtouds to the mountain-tope whore thore is a particlo of earth, aud on the sea-shoros right down to ‘whore tho ocean-breakers dash againat the rocks. - From what I had hoard before visiting Iroland, 1 supposed 1t was noarly a troeless country. But such is not the caso, Ev whicl is unfit for cultivation, is COVERED WITIH TRPES. ; Troes abound on the mountains and on the steep hill-sides, and along many of tho roads and lanes ; and thoy may be seon everywhoro stand- ing singly or in clumps, Wheroe oue treo is ssen in Tlinois from tho windows of tho traiv, fifty may bo seen in’ Iroland. 5 3 + .Tho hedgo-rows add greatly to the benuty of tho Jandscape. Tho folinge of the thorn is a very dork green, and- those live fonces can he aiatinguished for long distancos, subdividing tho face of the country ipto squares like those on & chose-board. - As & gencral rulo, the flelds in Iroland are : MERE PATONES, to the eye of an Amorican. Moro than half -tho island fs foncod ‘oft into flolds of 4 to 8 acres, and it fe soldom that a fleld of 50 acros is seen. 'Tho way a fonce is made is as follows An embankment ia thrown up, 8 or 4 feot high, from tho earth taken from a ditch on oithor side thercof. On this embaukmont is planted nur- gory-thorns, or the thorn-borrics, and in & short time there is a live fence that will lnst for genor- ations, and turn anything, whethor man or beast. For most of tho yoar, the ground is so saturated with water that these fonce-ditches are neoded to drain tho flelds and carry off the surplus rafn~ fall. On the heavy clay-soils, ditchescan hardly be too numerous; and this is an argument in favor of small fielde. On tho stony lands, tho fences are constructed of stone, and thore are thousands of miles of such fences in Ireland; but tho thorn-hedge predominates, While the climate is damp, and tho ocean winds rew and disagreonblo for much of the year, yot the country is ol 5 REMARRABLY NEALTIY. . “Tho bills of mortality are as low as in any coun= try in tho world, In 1872, the deaths were only 18 to tho 1,000, while the births were B4 to the 1,000 inkabitznts, This would iudi~ rato about 183,000 births against 07,000 deaths. It is this oxtraordinary salubrity and fecundity that enables tho little island to send forth such prodigious swarms of emigrants without being dopopulated. I picked up a Belfast papor ono day, and, glancing at the obituary-notices, counted upwards of Lhirty doaths where the de- ceased had each reached boyond throe-seore-wnd- ten, nnd several had passed 80 and onoe or twvo 90. Fho proportion of gray-haired men and women et with in Ireland is vory remarkablo.; but tho reason is, that the young mon and women go boyond tho seas by tons of thousanda annu- ally. Tho genoral povorty of the country,’ and the diMculty of subsistonco, force them to Jeave a Innd which thoy pasaionately adoro. Ireland, in its physical fontures, is A CONTINENT IN MINTATURE, ' It has all the distinguishing features of a con- sinent, and nat those of an island. Thus, ita mountaine extond around tho coast, with great olains, wide valleys, expensive lakos, bogs,: and’ ‘ow lands in the interlor, a8 s the case.with :ontinents ; whereas the peouliarity of islanda is s great backbone, or mountain range, oxtending " fhrough the intorior, and the land sloping from iis bockbons down to the ses, - Somo. argo ilands are topographically shaped liko a vell § nearly all tho islands {n the Paolfic Ocoan iro of thin configuration. The largor Weat In- dia islands have the long mountaia-backbone, tho low londa near tho conat, and ascondiog ands up to the foot of tho mountafus, Dut, in. Ircland, tho mountaina form tho rim of a groat puuin, but are penetrated at meny points by riv-. 18 and deop bays, Inwshort, it ia o continent in evorything but sizo, lucludlnfi its geologioal formations, Perhaps tbis has somotl luq to do with the intonse love of country and tnoxtingulsliablo lonfing for national fudepend- ence which obaractorize” the Coltic part of the population. But, with all its natural beantics aod ad- vantagos, its fertilo soil and hicalthy climate, the high price recoived for farm-products,” tho ghonpnoss of manufnctures, its commsuding corameroial position, ita capacious aud safe hier- bors, ita contiguity to rich and civilized nations, ireland i - A VERY TOOR COUNTRY fbo bull of tho inhabitants aro in & chronio state of disconiont and indigongs, 'They mosm to bo utterly discouraged aud disheartoned, Fow of them look forward with much hopo for any roal prosperity or amelioration of the unhap- py condltion of the country, Tho rocont moas- .ures of reform, carried through Parlinmont b; fthe Liboral party of Great Britain, havo rolaxe semowhat fim hovoditary hatred towurds the ‘Britlsh Government, but have not improved the nmaterisl condition of the wrlu in any appreocia- blo degreo ; nor aro thoy likely to, The DIBESTADLIBHAIENT OF THY EPISCOPAL OIURCI sodrosson @ solixious griovance, but moves no tax and ‘roduces no ronts chargo. The land-ownora had, mnn yoara ago, compromisod with the Iutablizhed Ohureh, and paid it a fixod annual sum of monoy in liou of titlion, aud thon added the amount to tho _rontal of tho lapd. Dut, pingo thia gom- mntod tithe has beon ropealod, tho laudlords havo in no inatance, o far as known, reducnd tho rent by n corrosponding sum, or by a singlo -]vunn{. The landlords ' havo, therotors, pookot- od ll tho bonofit rosulting from tho abrogntion of tho tax ; and the handful of Episcopalinns in tho {aland will herenttor ba obliged to support thelr clergi! by voluntary contributions, which ‘givos antinfaction to tho Catholics and Prooby- feflv\us. hut {8 of no pecuninry value to them, , 'The othor measuro of roliof,—, | | THT TENANT-LAND AOT,— it is now bellovad, will bo of littlo orno boneflt, Tho landloids-ave airondy ciroumventing it by making tho tonants aign o spocial contract, waving all fl?ht, clali, or domend for com- onsation for improvomenta mado horeaftor on ho Iand, ‘under th of incroasod rents, or oviction from tho “holding.” o Iaw does not flvo tho tonant tho right to componsation for mprovomonts alroady mado on tho land, but only for thoso horenftor to bo mado. WIIAT 18 THE CAUSE of tho povarti discontont, and stagnation ov- orywhero visil fo:in Ireland? Difforont obe eorvers . givo differont. nnswors, In Enflnnd, thoy ascriba it to over-population, small farms, ignoranco, and natural ahiftlessness and inapti- tudo for improvoment ; and they point to the groator prosperity of the Scotch-English coun- tion of Ulster. But, whilo the gonpln of Ulstor nro undoubtedly bottor off than thoso of the other provinces, thoy aro farifrom boing rich; or what an American would . conslder prosperous, though thoy aro Intolligont, hard-work- ing, tomporate, saving, caroful puoplo‘ They have about all they oan do to fairly * make onds meot," after paying the absentco landlord his henvy ront, ''The soll of tho north of Ircland is Pnc\lllm‘ly adapted to tho growth of flax; nnd it Ia to the production ‘and manufacturo of this staplo Ulstor owes whatovor littlo {»mnpurity it opsoasos, It waa the flax-crop that saved tho armers of Ulstor from tho horrors of tho fam- ino of 1846, for the salo of it enabled them to ‘buy bread.. It is by tho manufacture of flax into linon that Bolfast lives and prospors, and it is Evory rod square almost, e tho only city in Iroland that is not at s atand- 8till or docaylng, - - But the poverty of Ireland i CANNOT JUSTLX DR ATTRIBUTED TO OVER-FOFU- LATION, In 1845 she contained 8,205,001 inhabitants; ‘whereas, iu 1871, she contained only 6,402,769, being a decrease of nearly 40 por cent in twonty- six years, At prosent, loud complaints aro heard of o searcity of labor ; 8o that it is not over-pop- ‘ulation that causes poverty and misory., Pro- wvious to the famine uf 1846, oaused by tho runi- vorsal blight of tho potato crop, thera wore 1,000,000 farms in Ireland, averaging -but 12 ncres each. Now, the number is reduged to 600,- 000; and, with the largro sdditionsof reclsimedand Idle land sinco mado, tho averago of cach holding 18 now 24 nores, or doublo what it was before the ‘famine. The potato-rot of 1846 produced a . HOOIAL AND ECONOMIOAL REVOLUTION in Ireland. Itdrove.somo millions of poople to tho other sido of the..Atlantio, and to Gront Britain ; it sent to their graves 500,000 by sheor starvation ; it broke up to a groat extent tho small farms ; it sot hundreds of thousands of men at work making turnplke-ronds, digging ditches, draining wot lands, roclaiming marshes and mountain-land, nlnnhng out forest-traes, -building railronds, ote.; it created tho Land- JImprovement aot, and brought into existonce tho Eocumbered-Estato Court, for tho salo of tho estates of bankrupts; and it changed the systom of ¢ g, from the universal potato- crop iuto_cattle-aud-shoep-raising ond _grain- growing. Dut, notwithetanding all those changes ond . seoming improvemonts, the mass of ' tho population continue to bo misorably -poor and noedy. Bo long.ns tho existing relations bo- Ewoon o landlords nod the [akars, Gonbiuna, it is doubtful if “tho condition of the latter can improve, ol A 23 DENT—UNIVERSAL DENT— is the cancor that oats out tho vitals of Treland, Bofore the famine-your, tho rents paid by 1,000,000 of farmora aggregntod 240,000,000 to $50,000,000. Bix huodred fhouanud fArmMers now pAY 4D 8g- gregato of nently £90,000,000; and tho towns- pooplo pay 810,000,000 more—making .- . ONE NUNDRED MILLIONS & yoar of ront drained out of this island and spent in Great Britaln, The improved modes of 1nrming, tho groater crops, the high price of cattle and sheep, havo not inured to the bonofit of the cultivators of the soil, but to the land- lords. Everthing that has ndded to tho profits of farming provoked the lovying of higher reats. ‘Caxes aro ngt oporessively high; no extrava- gonce i lndulgud in by the Euax_la, who live eimple, fragal lives, and work hard’ and contin- ually, but still mako littla or no headway: To my eyes, the cause of the poverty ib obviona, 2 ) IT 18 THE RENT .that crushes tho heart of the Irigh farmer and koops his family in rags. No matter how hard ho and thoy Iabor, or how carefully th? rear their stock and" onlfivate- thoir litile” flol I8, nor how much they pinch, aud economizo, and deny them- solvos the doconcios and nacostarles of life, tho rarely bave a shilling left when the rent is pai 1f any farmors, by botter mothods of cultivation and inage, #0 inoroaso thoir nrogfl and. cattlo a8 to make littlo money, it is quickly perceived by tho landlords or their imwk-u)'ud agents, and up goos the rent sufliciently to abeorb the sur- plus oarniogs in the futurae, Thus, what the noighbora call “good Iuck" is & synonym for * higher rent." ‘Under such a system of oppression, THY, HABITATIONS OF THE PEOPLE E‘nut ‘what might beexpeoted. Threo-fourtha o families live in mud buts, with thatched- ‘I'hose humble habitations are usu- by 10 to 14 wido, indow of four panes aro of tl straw yoofs, slly about” 20 to 25 foot lon and 6 to 7high, One littlo n of gless, and somotimea two windows, furnish the light to the two apartmonts, A laddor in tho corner leads up to tho garret, or bed-chambor, through a trap-door, The front and only door is 8o Jow that adult persons must always stoop to ontor the habitation. The floor iy of coment or clay, and nover oarpeted. The groator part of these habitationa have beon built for more than a contury, and com- parativoly few within this gonoration. When I spoke to farmora about tho universal absence of tenemont-improvement, and asked for the roa- Bon, the nsual reply was, that the peoplo had no money with which to dofray tho cost of better bnlld(s;ags; and_thet, when 1t had beon done, it was always followod by an advange in rents, if tho torms of the lease (Eamuued, Thoy said that epy improvoment indicating the possession of monoy, or profits, or surplus income, or othor eymptoms of prospority, rondered thom. liable t0 dgmands for highoe ronts ; and that tonants wera gonarelly afraid to make improvemonts or any disploy of comforts, lost it excited tho ou- idity of the landlord's agonf, and resulted in an Punrnpan of thoir heavy burden. The- repts of Irish farms have, for two con- turies, kept oven paco with tho ABILITY OF THEZ FARMEDS TO PAY THEM, Occasionally a carojoss landlord mey be found who does not yratch the profits of his touants so closely as doscribed ; but, whero there ia one puch, there are ton who are over on tho alort to incrogss the incomo of their catates to the high- cst point tho tenants can be squoezed. A'vast number of farmers aro moraly tonants at will. 8o long as they pay promptly whatover rout in dempnded, they are alowgd to remain on the land. But, when there s trouble in collect- ing it, eviotion is pretty suro to follow, oxs notico I8 given, requesiing thom to mell their holding to some ono eiss, and cloar out. The fine pricos for cattle have' yiolded the farmers but - little profit, for tho Tesson stetod ; and, whon any membors of a family fool that thioy must migrate to Amerlea, fhe paymont of tho pasange-monoy by their frionds i the ¢ Btates” ln noprly as much 8 necegsity now a4 horetofora. ‘The numbor of esttlo aud "shioop ono seds in Trelaud js something astouishing; but' it ro- quiros a maltitude of thom to Eay s ‘hundrod millions of gold dollars rent ovory yesr from & torrjtory littlo more thon %alf a8 large as tho State of Jilinois, support 5,600,000 iuhabiipnts, and pay taxes, ‘TUE FARMEDRS OF ILLINOIG complain bitterly, and justly too, of onerous market ; aud, to redrvess’ their grievancos, have banded themeolves into socret socioties, called Graugea, and organizod & pow politionl purty, But the opprozsion of tho railrosds j» uot a flea« bita to that of landloydism in Iroland. It the farmers of Iroland owned tholr landw, and.wero thoroby rent-freo, they would be hanIpy sud. contontod, . and estoom (hewsplyes inda- pendont and rich, slthough railway-charges are w8 high in Ireland s in I)jinoia, ~Buppose the whole 8tatp of Illinois was gwnad in fes-simplo by 2,000 or 8,000 peruons, who epent thoir lives in jdloness and dissipation in New Yorlk, Bogton, and tho watering-places, and whose titlo to the 1and was aagujred by conflscation from the fora- fathers of tho prosput ccoupants of the oountr{‘; and ihat the 'renta ozacted were preocissly the utmost sum the lpnd would ylold by any kind of farming or forcing, leaving tho ¢ultivators of the soil to subslst 08 bost they could, on roots, fifinlldxo, skim-wilk, sud galt,—how would thoy CRUR S 10V LONG WQULD TIEY STAND It? Yow loyul would they be to » Government ‘which supported theabsentoo lords againist thom, and colleoted tho tont for thom gt tho point of tho pwosd? Lhis Ip Negrally tho con tlu').\ ot rallroad-oharges for carrying thoir prodaots to |- Iroloud to-day, and haa beon for moro than two conturios, sinco tho nots of conflsoation toolc offoot. Is It romarkablo that n mn]m‘ll{ of tho pna{)lc ara wrotchodly poor, dlsoontentad, nnd loiting or thinking of rebellton ovormoro? It 8 truo that Parllnmont of lato yoars lina roe Tonl«d. many oriel and snyngo onnotments lovolod nt tho Catholic portion of the peoplo, But theso ameliorations wore chiofly sontimental or surfaco rollef ; but from the eruabing burden of thio ront-roll not au ounco hns beon lifted 1rom tholr bent backs, nor {s it proposcd to ro- llove them of ono pouny. Knowing, from the Irishmon in America, nome- thiug of the focling of hostility that oxists to- wards tho Inudlords who grind thom down, aud tho Government whish supports the land: lords, in tholr opprossion, I wna somewhat sur- prisad at first to obsorve tho porfact quiet, good ordor, nndgmncn that exist in all parts of tho Iulnnd. But, lovking & littlo oloser, tho cnuso bocamo visiblo. In overycity, town, village, aud rallroad-atation, I saw groups of armod polics- tnen,—all large, powerful, athlotic fellowa, TS YOROE NUMNDERS THIRTY THOUBAND catofully-picked and drilled mon, with hoad- uartors in Dublin. At every -aub-station throughout the island thoro {8 a tolograph- offico, Thoso stations aro stockndos, or forts, supplied with plonty of arms and mmmunition, Tho railrond-syatom connecta most of thom with tho Oapital, whoro o largo rosorve body of the police are quartored and lLept for .spocial mor- Vice, to bo sont by expresa-train, in companios or n(fiuldu, to any part of tho country, on tele- gmph o summons. Thia foreo of 0,000 men aro orovor on tho watch for tho first aymptoms of disturbancoor inaubordination anfong tho peopls, and roady to pounco on it, Al tho mnporé towns of auy saizo or conagquonco haye gar- rions of * rod-oonts,” lodgad in strongly-built and armed forts, 8o looatod a8 to command the town and harbory and in the harbor itsolf will slways bo found ono or more war-vossels quictly ridiug at suchor. But thuse are not all tho pro- cautions for presorving peaco. The inhabitanis have boon universally disarmed. No man is al- lowed to hiavo & riflo or other firg-arin in his pos- sosslon oxcopt by taking out a_license, and pay- ing o large annual sum thorofor. Tho man and | his gun aro then rogistered and watohod. By theso means Ireland i kept quict, and ‘ TTE COLLEQTION OF THE IENT i regularly onforcod; for, aftor all, it is the colloction of tho 810,000,000 of rent thiat roquires and causgs the presonca of those strong forcos aud tho disnrming of the poople, If tho farmora of Ircland owned tho laud they cunltivate, aud wero froo of rout, the Stato Constabulary might safoly bo discharged, tho soldiory marched off to somo other country, nnd the gun-boats aud iron-clads laid up in ordiuary to rot or rust. Bat it may bo asked, Why is it that ENGLAND, whoso farmers aro also teusnts and pay enor- mous ronts, is o oxceodingly prosperous and in- cnlenlably rich? Tho reason 18 not dificult to oxplain, " In the first placo, England is blessed with immense IIARDERH of oozl nud irom, and theae have made her o manufacturing and com- mercial nation, Ilor Yroupnmy and wealth really dato from the invention and improvoment of the steam-cngine, about & contury ago, Tho steam powor mnow. employed in Great Britisn oxceods that of “the strongth of all tho "horses and mon in the. world, In the second placo, the rents pid by tho British farmors are expendod 1n Enilwd‘ and omployed 88 surplus capital, invested in banking, mavu- facturing, miuiug, building railronds, and in making improvements on the ostates ; and tho rontg derived from tho Irish farmors aro also ex-~ ouded and invested in England, whoso nost is [’huu feathored attho exponse of hor sistor- island, Tho one is fed plentifully, whilo tho other 18 PLUCKED .OLEAN,— E not a feathor boing left on the forlorn Irieh bird Ao cover 1ts nakedness. In thio next plnce, oll tho wenlth dorived from tho Indios, the Colonics, and tho commerco of the world, is deposited in England, and there used and eon- ]oycd,-—Ixoland not gotting o smcll of it. - Lnst- ly, the farms in England aro ton times a3 large, on an avernge, a4 thoso of Ireland. Thera aro only 200,000 tenant-farmers in England, which containg 57,000 square miles; whilo Ircland, with only 83,000 square iiles, hina 700,000 tou- ant-farniers, The English farmors hira 1,000,000 of poverty-stricken families to holp thom worl their farms, and, while they pn{ bigh ronts, thoy aro enablod to live comfortably and malke’ sonio profit by roason of tho groat prices thoy obtain for all their products right at thoir doors, and by paying their misorable Inborors barely enough ‘wnges to keop thom in working condition. Poor and illiterata, ground down and oppressed-as are the Irish peasantry, thoy are not AB MISERARLE OR AB IGNOBANT, * a8 impecunious, or ns low-down in the social ecalo, an tho 1,000,000 families who are the hire- ling, dopondont serfs of the Euglish farmors. Whe thason of England's wealth and Ircland's poverty is thus explainod, and it is seen that the samo ACOURSED BYSTEM OF LAND-MONOTOLY which distrossos and impoverishos 5,000,000 of Irishmen also grinds down in atolid ignorance and shameful penury 6,000,000 of * frac-born Britons,” Tho crushing l\'aigi\t of land-monopoly falls in both cases on the classes who till the ground in tho sweat of their brows, and who, theroforo, aro tho rightful ownors of tho soll. While thero is little or no matorial improve- ‘ment visiblo or possible, there is an IMPROVEMENT IN EDUOATION taking placo in Ireland. Some twonly yonts ago, the Government established asystem of nationul schools, which are attended by 800,000 youths. In Catholio distrigts the teachors ara Catholic, and in Protestsut districts they aro Protostant ; and, whilo thero is much time apont in imparting seotarian instruction to tho ohildren, yot tho rising goneration aro far better educatad than ony before thom. Few persons now como of ago without being able to reed and write, at loast, There s & largo incroaso of pupils in attendanco at academics and high-schools, Nowspapors and books, which aro very cheap, aro far imoro generally Tead than formorly; sud the people arc beginning to think and reflect more for themsalves than in former timos, There is no doubt of a steady improvewont in mannors, morals, and intelligence ; aud, a8 knowlodgo is powor, and ignorauco is weaknass, 8o tng pro- grossive mental dovelopmont may oventually de- viso some means of amoliorating the material and pecuniary condition of tho people. Dut, until tho chain-cable of land-monopoly, which crushes them down, is sovered, it is diffioult to conceive how it can bo done. ‘Tho poverty of Ireland is froquontly ns- cribod to INTEMPERANCE by people in Amorica. But, whilo intemperance i ng\uys an evil, and intonsifles and aggravates all other evilg, it is but o small part of the troublo ju_that country, Tho trutn is, that, sinco Tather Mathow Ernwhud his crusado sgainst whisky, thore has boen comparatively l‘xt- tlo of it draulk by tho tonantry of Ircland, Tho idlora and loafors about the purlieus of the oltios aud towna drink oll thoycan of it; but tho faymors, ad n class, ave vory temporate, aud ‘aro woldom seon futoxicated. - Not long since, Parllamont onacted » law to REGULATE TUE BALY OF LIQUOT, ‘whoreby the grog-shiops are obliged to put up their whutters and turn off their lliflg s at 9 o'clock iu the oyening, throughout England, Ire- land, and Bcotlsnd, and keep closed until7 a. m.; and on Sunday no liquor can. bo sold in thom until’q p, m, bor after 7 p. m., with the excoption that, in tho large citios, liquor sy bo vended uutil 10 m., of sccular nighty, and until E or § p. m, on Sunday evenming, The polico ara chargod with the duty of euforoing tho regula- tions, 'Thero I8 no opposition to this law among the people of Ireland, Ontho contrary, i is !lrmly sipported by public opinton, In England, ho .publicans," or saloon-keopors, complain of tho restristion ; but, as tho mass of the poo- rle supporb tho luw, noithor party dare advocate ts ropoal or rostoralion, ~But diunkonness {3 yory provalont in England and_ Bootlynd among the fowns-peoplo, and it is eaid to be on the increass, Aftér tho suppression of Fenianfam by force of* prme and crininal prosecutions, Ireland had no politics for u fow years, Lately, howevor, a now political or‘;uizntin‘u hies beon formed, un- dor the namo oz i TOUr-NULERY, The platform projiasea a partinl ropeal of the Aot of Union of 1801, and tha establishmont of an Irish Parliament in Dublin, comyosm\ of YLords and (Jommons, whoso jurisdiction shall extend to oll Irlsh or looal matiors,— somewhat aftor tho modol of tho Htute Govornmonts in America, 'This eoliene is'hioing advocated by the Catholic nowspapors m Ircland, and opposed by the Protostant pa- pers, Bo far ns 1 could learn, )} the Protestant part of the population opponcd tho now pro- gramme,' They boing a wealt miuority, are plraid to truat the local government of tho jul- and to the Catholics; and, 88 they elect twonty- fivo or thirty of tho 100 momborn Qf tho Iouse of Commons, will rosist it to, the bitter ond. Parties in Ireland noarly always sre formed on tho dividing lino of 0 OATHOLIO AND PROTHSTANT, The British pross aud politiclans countenance to the proposed Ivish Parllument aud Homo-Rule schemo, 'Thoy .argue thera” is nothing that an Irish Parlisment could logelly do whioh the National Parliament will_refuse to do for Irish Intorosta ; aud ask the Iomo-Rulo loadera what logislation or laws Ircland now uopds or doslren, Y'ho dilomma pf tho JHonies ive 10 Rulors fa, that they daro not avow thirrenl pur~ pono, viz, 1 IRIBIC INDETENDENGE OF GREAT BMITAIN. i As tho Irish Peors nro nothing but. Inglish noblomon, and would voto overything doue by an Irlsh Houso of Commons, the London Tines wants to know how’ tho ITome-Rulors oould catry any monaures distaliteful to .thom or opposed to' thelr intorcats; and, if mattors wore carrlod. to oxtromes, tho Tines!nsks whother the Poers would not ‘appoal to the Biitish Governmont for support; aud thinks, Aftor o briof and atormy ux&mrlmoul, tho wholo thing would surely end with abolition of tho Irioh Parliamont, and the resumption of cone trol by tho Dritlsh- Govornmont. In the discusslon it explams that nelthor sida stato all that fs on_their minds. Tho Homo-Rulors, in their hoarts, want to out looso from tho Dritish Govornment and bresk up_landlord-monaopoly, but daro not avow it.. On tho othor hand, tho Eurllnh politiciana know that tliose ara the ultimato erpaneh of tho Homo-Ralors, but it i not prudont to chiargo it npon thom, bo- onuse thoy osunot prove it. Thus the mattor atands at present. Tho Homo-Rule orators con- tinuo to ‘hold maes-meotings, pass resolutions, and agitato, but carefully rofrain from announce ln;xln their F]karm tho oxtont and boundarics of Homo-Rule juriadiotion, or defining $ho powors of the proposed Irish Parlinment., Meanwhilo tho Catholio Dishops snd clergy are oponiy i:lvlng in their oslon . to. the lulo” ‘ party and taking. the = stump for it; and this alarms $ho Protost- anta of Ireland, and arraya them in solid phalanx Dbittorly agaivet it. Tho Orange Lodges say that Homo-Rule wonld load to Protestant oxtirpation, uulosa put down by the Britlsh Governmont ; and 80 mattors stand in K THAT UNHAPFY COUNTRY, faction and scotariau animosities, and round into the dust by tho extortions of “alion and-monopoliats, whoso title is derived from conflsention, and maintainod by & British army and navy, and whose wrnn;_i ul ronts are on~ forcod and collected at the point of the bayonet. LITERATURE. Benjamin F. Taylor's Pooms. Mr. -Benjamin F. Taylor, formarly s well- torn bg known momber of the Olhicago pross, -haa racov- orod a number ot his pootio versos from the fu- gitive pagos of tho newspapers in whicli moat of themat firstappeared,and hasaont them out again, in permanent form, under the titlo, * Old-Time Picturen and Bheaves of Rhyme.” Tho lttlo volumo, which is issucd in handsomo shapo by B, 0. Griggs & Co., contains a great many clover rhymes aud some genuine poetry. Tho subjocta’ aro as variod na the topics of tho times and tho voreatility and quicknoss of o poot's sym- pothlea could make them. ‘The vorsi- fleation Is especially smooth and easy, and tho rhymo is as little the mastor as is to be expected. Bomo of Mr. Taylor's offorts have, ns Lo con- fesnos, » meaning that fs & mort of personal proporty for himsolf; but it is tho poot's privi- logo to mako his personal woes, sud joys, and mystorics the property of ll; and there are fow of thero inner rovolations that will not appoal to their counterpart in somo render'sexperience. “Tho Shattorod Rmmbow,” with its gracofal sontimeat, will give as good an idea 28 any othor convonlont selection of Mr. Taylor's muso ‘When blazed tho trinket of the oloud abrond, Tho bent and broken Jewelry of God, That fragmont of a ring, ita other part, ‘Was lost, I Arcamed, within the foreat’s heart; And, whion October camo wilh eager clasp, Tho Jowel ahivered 1n his frosty grasp,” And showored the maplos with Be‘uunl red,— Tho oaks wore sunsots fl.mufh tho days wore dead, Tho green was gold, the willows drooped in witlo, ‘The ssh was firc, the humbleat shrub divino, #Tho Hero of New Hamburgy is a rapld, on- orgetlo lyrio of a very different style from that just quoted, With s brief extract from its ‘vorsos wo cloeo our notice of Mr. Taylor's book, to tho porusal of whioh wo commond those who Lold to the worth of any record of fine thought and human experionco, even if it ho' not coucked in the perfect vohicle of s Btedman or Tennyson, sud who aro nesr euough to tho Lumanity about them to take an interost in the uttorancos of & poetio mind that hna lived thoir nuimhhor 80 luug. "Tho subject of ¢ Tho Hero of New Hamburg is tho horoio conduct of the sugineor of a pas- sengor-train whioh was \ rockiod at Now Ham. burg, ou the Hudson River Railroad, in the winter of 1871 : —The rider at his window, Watching with a pleasant amile, Beea tlo friondly world to meot him,— Comiug down tha trnek the whilo ; Bixty sononds make s milo | Halt him on your rounds, ye Angels Bwinging wide the lights of God H Watchrien, fash ofar tha signal, Doath I waiting down tho road 1 Holk bim with your dropring lautoras, Bhed 1lke sturs from ripened sky ; Halt bim, glancos rod and lurid, @laring liko an angry eyo, All run down tho clocks of danger, Dinla with the punshine pasagd | Csmia tho koen, shrill ery and challengo 3 Doath und duity moot at last 1 Now tranatgurod tanda Uo rider, - Flinging down his rudo dinguingy— Bturdy Lud upon tho bridie, Telling how & horo dlcs, #Iold lier hard |" e bade tha brakeman, Clutclicd the monsater by the throat, Till the bol), wilh sudden clangor, Tolled as it the sexton smote § And the proud, rebelllous creatiire Plungad into the ompty air,— Swung him out to rosurraction, Olad in Famo's immortal wea, Torn alivo to song and story, Comen this euglnecr agalit'; Comes this man ta plead for honor As tho gaga of kingly mon ; Pleading that tho gracg of dying . T thio raraat graco of all,— . That tho carth'a sublimest hioroos Nover hoard a bugle-call, o hta stoed thoy lanhed Mazoppa; Smithfleld clanked with martyrs! chains } But this man, bound round wiih honor, Bathering up the iron reius; Frco aa Ohimborazo's cugle Flapa his pinions overhead, Oharged forlorn at utter dauger, As 1t Doath itself wero doad, Halt him not with batilo-lantorn, Show a light as white ss dny, Lot him poss, A eignal station's His for ayo—* Tho right of way.” Tacitus. Lippincott's edition of * Ancient Olnesica for English Roadors " has bean ouriched by the ad- dition of tho writinga of Tacitus. The transla- tion is mado in good style by William Bodlism Donne, who nlso furnishes & lifo of Tacitus, founded in large part on Morivale's “ Histary of the Romans.” " Ta tho transiation moro spaco is iven to tho History than to tho Annals, 8 the former {8 much the loss well known. Fox-flunting, Tho fifth volume of the admirable’ sorles for boys, *Tho Oamping-Out Series,” has been lue suod by Osgood & Co. The subject is * Fox- nuntmf a8 Recordod by Raed,” and it makou an entertaining and alluring ples for this hardy old én glo-Notman sport, (W. B, Koon, Cooke & Jo., . Potor Stuyvesant, # Petor Btuyvesant” i tho subjeot of the last volume issued by Dodd & Moad in the series of # American Ploneorg and Pagriots," which I be- ing manufaotured for thom by that blographical ploneer and patriot, Johu 8, O, Abbott. T'ho volumo s a history of tho_Btato of , New York from tho disgoyery of the ITudson River to tho boginning; of tho Revolution, whiok is rolated in Mr. Abbott's novel in o fluent and readable maa- nor. (Hadloy Bros.) . Egiry=Stories. Under tho attraotive {itle " Northern Lights,”" Porter & Coatos, of Philadolphia, publish a col- Jection of fairy-atortes taken from Bwedish and Finnish suthors. They are translatod by Selma Borg and Marlo A, Browp, tho futorprotor of the ‘igohwarta! mnovels, Good falry-lales sro a kind of litoraturo of which there has novor boon enough to'supply the domand. ‘Tho,* Northorn- Light" talos are ontortaining, and are woll translated, sud ‘will, without doubt, take thoir placo by the slde of the delightful worksof Hang Audorsen and the Grimm brothers. (W. B. Koon, Qooke & Co.) . Y Perlodienls, 5 Tho British Guarterly Review for Ootober, re- published by tho Lpouard Beott Publishing " Compauy, hos the following contentss ** Riohi- ard Itothe;" " Btrikes," ¢ Plymouth Brothren- fum ;" *The Odyssoy of Iomor;" *Bourcos of Ploasuro {n Landscapoe ;" * Horbert Bpoucer ;" # The Rovolution in the Angliean Ohuroh,” ;- Tho Wesiminster Review, ropablished by the #ame Lowse, s xtiolos on *'The Mipé ‘and ihe omo- Bank of England;” #The Doterminiat Thoor; of Volition s 1t Blntomont ang Hisors ) Jidueation of Womon in Amorioat " ¥ Tho Apoonlfpnn " % Homo Itule 4" % Tho' Pooma of Dafyid ab Gwilim ;7 ' Cathollolsm and Philoso- [fl}”" “Tho Uso of -Looking at I'lotuross " * Iithics, Roligion, and tho Churoh,” Tho Penn rml]lly for Novembor has thoso goutenta s ' On tho Valua of Original Bolsntiflo Rgeearch;" “'The Cmn#l\nm.u! Srnln by the Arab-Mooru " #Young Widows ;" "'Iho Fiuan- oinl Orinle,"” "Iho numbors of Lillelts Living Ago for tho weoka onding Oct. 26 nud Nov, Iare speolnlly Intoronting, Among ho arliclos aro * Tip Monothotsm of Psguniem.” from the Brifish Quarterly Revicw; ' Protestant Testoration in Franco in_the Lmst Contury," Fraser's AMagazing ; *Turkish Georgin,” Corniiill Mag- azina; ** Noodlework,” Macmillan'a Magazing ; *! Tho Lossons of the Amorican Monetary Ori- eis,” Koonomist s ' 1ho Old Ontholio Congress at Conntance,” Balurday Review; * Bomohody's 'Ohild," @entleman's Magazine; "The Rogent Orloana and Ifis Ago,” by tho anthor of * Mira- beawn,"” ZTemple Bar; ~ ' Oaldoron’s Bnered Dramas—tho Durgatory-of 8t Patrick,” &, Pauls ; “Vistor Emantiol's Roosption in Vienns and Borlin,” Speclator; with instalimonia of ' Tho Parisinng,” by Lord Lytton; ‘*¢Jack and tho Boan-Btalk,” Mioss Thackoray; and “*Nicole Vagnon,” by Miss Mnoquoid, author of * Pabty ;" bosides poetry and miscellany, Kitorary Notow. Prof. J. X, Thorold Rogors' now boolr, * Qob- don and Political Opinion,” ia an acoount of the influenco of tho groat economist on Lnglish politics, written by one of hia most ardent aud oble disciplos. An addition to Maomillan & Co.'s sorien of bogks on tho Tinglih lavguaro (Taslors “ Words and Places,” Morria' * English Acol- denoce,” ete,) i nunounced nndor tho titlo of ¥ Bourcos of Btandard Lnglish,” by ¥, L. Kington Oliphant, M. A, Jainos Parton bas Erupumd briof lifo of the lato Mra. Parton (' ¥anny Farn"), which G. W, Oorldton & Co. “will shortly yu’hllnh as “A Memorial Volume of Fauny I | lootions from har bent writings, illustrated by Arthur Lumley. Honry flolt & COo. sonounca that they have to publish tho ** Autobiography of John Mill" The ook will ba rondy in November: They also announce a uniform edition of Mill's **Aliscollancous Works,” . senson will bo * Leonardo da Vinel and Hia Works,” by Mrs, Charlos Heaton and 0. C. Black, M. A, The book cousiats of & biography by tho firat-named author, and an essay on his sciontifla and litorary worka by the sacond. *¢ Comparativo Politios® is” the title of & now book by Mr, Edward A. Froeman, and which will doubtloss be welcomed by all studenta of his- tory. Tho volumo cousists of a series of loc- tures delivored at tho British Iustitution last spring. phl’r. Froudo's sories of papers for Scribner's ]([mlllll‘ll, entitled tho “ Annuls of an Inglish Abboy,"'will give the bistory for 600 yoars of {.ho l;mmz notablo of tho,religions housos of Eng- and. . Prof. Tyndall has boon elected to preside over {he noxt meeting of the British ‘Assoolation, to Lo held at Bolfast, boginning Aug. 9, 1874, Tho Library Committeo of Southbridge linye rofnsed to admit Mr, Murray's horse-book to the library ; but we think tho soouor it is shelved thie better.— Ohristian Registor, Archbishop Purcoll has oxeommunicnted the Publio Library of Cinclunati; and this reminda us of the roply Stephonson mada to the inquisi- tivo aud doubting member of Parlisment who asked whot would happen should a cow got in the way of Lis locomotive. BStophonson snid: * So much the worso for the coo." ‘Wilkio Colins dedicatca the uug(rlnht edition of his novels, now being issucd by Harpor & Bras,, to the Amorionn people. They will make elovon volumes in all, and will be illustrated by Amori- can artiste, 8 Strauss’ groat volume, #Tho Old TFaith aud the Now, " wiil be k)ubflahnd by Henry Holt & Co. It is, porkaps, the most importaut “Look on tho anti-Ohristisa sido iesucd for Lalf a conturys “Tho Challenge Cup, a_Nautical Poom," do- soriptive of the fivo rucos “or International con- testy for the oup won by the ynoht Ameriea, in 1851, with photograpks of the contesting yadhts by G. P. Putnam’s Sons, It will make a hand-, some quarto. Maemillan & Co. announce s new Fronch- Inglish ond English-French Dictionary, by Gustaye Masson, A, A, who is well knoiyn as Trench Mastor at Harlow School, aud editor of | tho Fronch Serioa for the Oxford Clarendon Press. It gives tho ctymologies of all the words, and, being priuted in'quadruplo column, & groal many words appear on oach page, which does away with a giont deal of tiresome turning over. Mr, J, Beavington Atkinson's ‘ Art-Tour in tho Northern Capitals of Europe” will be read with {ntorost by artists and nmatenrs of art. T'he title glven ‘aboye fully indicrtes the scope of the baok, which is written from notes taken Ly tho author on the epot, -and in which ho'| Chi desoribon from” an artist’s point of view tho citios of Copenbagen, Stockholm, St. Paters- burg, Moroow, etc,, giving an account of all tha art-tronsuves with which they abound. The publication ia- oxpcoted shortly of M. Charles do Flandro's translation of Prof.Petit's * History of Mary Stuart, Queon of Soots.,” Tha work was bogun mome twelve Iiema 2go, under the auspicos of tho Empress Hugonie, and hias beon wrangly attnbuted to her. ‘The **Porsourl Rocollections of Mrs, Somer- villo,” b{nher daughter, Martha Somervillo, will bo published about tho middle of next month, Tho work will contain, besido Mrs. Somarvilla's own “ Raoollections,” a selection from hor cor- roapondence with Herschol, Brougham, Hum- bolat, Faraday, Miss Edgoworth, &o., &c. Tho United Statos Publishing - Company an- nounce ** Tho New York Tombs; Its Beorets and Its Myateries," beinga bistory of nolod oriminals, with narratives of their crimon, as gathered by Charlos Sutton, Warden of the Prition; edited by James B. Mix and Samuol A, Mackeaver; il- 'lustrated. Sold only by subsorintion. ‘I'vo yaluable books on ccclosiastioal nubxleota aro announced by T. Whittaker. One is *1Lo Ecclosinstical Polity of the Now Testament ; tho Church of the Now Testament, " by tho Rev. G, A. Jncob, D, D.; tho other is ** Unity Not Uni- formity ; or, The Cacholicity of True Religion, by tho Tov. George Warburlon Weldon, M. A., of Trinity Colloge, Cambridge. Thoy dlsouss orn," with po-; made an arrangement with the author's eseoutor- Notablo among the art-books of tho coming® aud diagrams of the racos, will shortly bo lusnod [ | borself, her husband, aud ono of the most prominont tapics considerod at the Inte meoting of the Evangolical Allianco, Prof, Max Mullor says that thoro exists a far more diffused culture aud intorest about scionce and litorature in England, especially among women, than oven tn learned and eolentifio Gor- many,—the reason being that the English enjoy a peronnial supply of “*sclence mado easy'' in popular lostures and readablo periodicals, ‘the Bpringfield Republican says that Dr, Daywaon, of Moutreal, in his * Btory of the Enrth and Man," *talks aliout Adam and Eve in Parn-~ diso a8 though ho bad interviowed thom for a Now York nawspaper,”" The Republican sus. pects that the Freo Tteligioniata * rathor enjoy ‘boiug lonesome, secing in the fact an additional and olinching })maf that thoy are right,” The Btitle of Mr, Borrow’s now book will ba “‘Romano Layo-Lil: Word-Bookof the Rumlm?', or English Gypsy Lauguage.” " It will contpin xunn{ flouas in Gypay illuatrative of the way of speaking and thinkig of tho English Gypsics, spocimens of their pootry, and an aceount of -certain Gypsyrios or. placas inhabited - by thom, and of various things portaining to Gypsy lifo in Epgland, * A charaotorlatic unying of the English novelist enlllng horuelf * Quida " is reported. Koing re« pronched for the audsoitios in her novels, and old that sho would alarm lhor chaste ronders by tho contempt of marriago aund the too vivid nintiugs which they coutain, she replied, I |{m't ‘\‘nrlta for the women ; I write for tho nol- “Hlera . T'ha fact that the old Greeks used to laugh ovor tho same gouflljnken thut we do leads Dr, Hopkins to remark {hat * Irish bulls ware once enlvos in Greeco.” An Amorican nawspapor recontly quoted from Diugham's celobrated work, the *Antiquitios of the Chbristian Chureh,” a8 * Biagham's Iniqui- tion of the Olristian Ohurch,” Ruskin's monthly lottors to tho laborers of Lnglaud, undor the whimsical titlo of ¢ Fory Clavigora,” havo roached tho thivty-third num- bor, whioh {s chioily about Blr Walter Scott, Fronch and Gorman porlodioala are still hotly disgussing tho merits of Darwinlem. 'The Revue do Dewz Afondes for Suptomber hias a long artiolo by Monsiour Charles Lovoquo, of the French In- p{;mm, on ¢ Tho Bense of the Venutiful in Ani- maly, Psyu))olaplo Darwinism, and Comparative Puyohology," o 1o Lig bool jointly produced by Mark T'wain and Obarles Dudloy Warner, entitled ¢ Tho Gildor Age," is nenrl{rnmly. T'ha Hartford pyb- lishors of * the work aro filliug the country with book-ngents, armed with **dumwmy " copies, to soll it by subsoripiion, Tho for! boemln%ululornah'anal Revlew, to bo published by A, 8. Barnes & Co., Now Yorlk, it is now annouuced, will be pub)lufmd six timos a oar, A oiroular from the publishars Informs us {hnt tho first number will bo issued in Dacember, ‘| ‘'he lisg of writeis, ab homo aud abroad, Is vory long, and exccodingly ablo in ovory departmont, ‘Tho vontributory to (ko firat number will bo the Rey, + Theodore_D. Waoolkoy, ex-Prosidont of Ynlo; tho Rov: Dr, MoCash, I'residont of Princo- ton Colloge ; Theodors VY, bwluht LL, D.; the Bov, nu&'u'tmor, D, D:v of Now Yorks the hev, 4 A, P, Poobody, D, D,, Cambridge, Masa,; Prof. I, B Hilgard, Unitod Stton Const-Suryey ; Gon. T\ A, Walker, of Ynla} Prof, William B, Onrpon- tor, LL. D,, F, R. 8,, London ; Thomas Hughes, London ; Dr. Franz Von Holtzendorf, Mr. J, Norman Lookyer's lang-pmmmad work on tho Bu in at Iat annonnoed by Meaurn, Mac- millsn, undar the title of ¢ Contributiona to Bo- lar Physica.” 'Tho hook conalats, firat, of » pop- nlar nocount of fugnirion {uto the physios of the sun, with apeelnl reforonco to recant sj hootrascopio rowoazelion, and w full description of lha mothuls of working and mnking obsorvations; secondly, notounts of tho regent eollpses, auch as the Amorlean eclivuo of 1809, tlio Meditorrancan colipae of 1870, and the Iinglish Eelipsa Expo- dition to India of 1871 : nnd lnstly, notes of com- munleations made by Mr, Lockyer: to tho Royal Boolety of London and the Academy of Salanoon, "Tho book i profusely illuutrated y wood-outs and colorod platos, and makes a yolimo uniform with Prof, Wyvillo Thomson's *Dapths of the Bon" and Roscoe's **Bpootrum Anal lyais,"—two succoasful and popular woiontifle works isstnod by o3 B! Mayor b rof. J, E, B, Mayor has almost complots “ Report of the Proacodings of the c.mf;'m'fido? Old Unthollos,” whioh ia to bo brought out rin- dor tho auspices of tho Anglo-!)oannunlnl So- ol:r?. Tho lenrned sutlior, who himsalf took F in tho Oongress, and delivored an addross n Gorman, hina added notos aud sliort biog. raphies of all tho prominont londora in tho movoment. —Tranalatlons of tho larger ad. drongos aro to bo published inn soparato form, ‘* Habont sua fata 1ibelll” {s a olassical tog which may bo applicd to nowspapers, The Sun, onco the costlieat of Loudon evening pApors, and which every ome eupposed was deaently burlod, la now blazing, tho farthing rushlight of tho pross, Tho persons guilty of thig oruelty ora the menagers of tho Town and County Daily, annpor entablished somo littla timo ago, with the view of spreading Consorvative apinions, Tinding thomsolves throntenod with an injune- tion by a magnzine of similar titlo to that they at firat assumed, thoy havo bought up the dead Suni‘nnd now we havo bofors us ‘No. 25,927 " of the Sunr, “'price, it dolivored by newsmon, 1 farthing,” A Paris journal publishos the following ouri- ona paragraph: ‘' The oldest ?oumu tho world is published at Pekin, It s printed on a , Jasgo shoot of yollow silk, and appears in the bugrt [ 6nmo fm'n:f with the samo charactors, and on tho same kind of etuff, as took place a thonsand \yoars ago. The only thing ohanged is tho "king Jokn. of Sexony, who died : g John of Saxony, who died a fow dayn’ . a0, Was donbtloss the i’xnt Dante soholar in Efxg ope. Ho bad not only translatod tho gront 'poom Into tha German langunge,~and an ad- - mirablo translation-dt is,—but Le was Prolanndly learned i all tho stjonao of tho Middle Ages, and sspeoially In their scholastio_fheology and metaphysios. His notes to tho Divine Com- edy " are indisponsable to every ono who desiras to mako a thorough study of that masterpiccs of litoraturo ; and these notes aro not like Napo- leon's work on Cmsar, the products of many minde adopted by their ostensiblo suthor, but thuyhm the King's own, z Thero can be no doubt about it that Robert Browning is & disappointed man ; and tho pity is that ho botrays it. In socioty ho is restloss, norvous ; destitute entirely of the dignified ‘“roposs” of the Great Alfred. Pcople who know bLim intmatoly say that he is grontly ohngod sinoo the doath of tho giftod wifs | , whom ho loved so well. By tho way, it is not enerally known how these two came togother, 'he authoress of ** Aurora Loigh" was tha dnughter of an English gontleman of an eccon-- trie turn of mind. This eccentrioity took tho form of a morbid objection to the pootess got- ting married ; and ha kopt her striotly scolndod frain tho world inanold country mansion. Tho monotony of her lifo was relioved by intonso, hard study; bofore sho was 20 years of ngo she bad mastorod Gresk, Latin, Froncn, and Ger- man, aud mado hor voice hoard: in lyric straing through the medinm of .the magazinos, IHer offusions attracted tho notice of Browning. Ho managed to eludo tho vigilanoco of the father and the warder at tho gates, and one day presented himsolf bofore the postess, umin ucod, al- most unannounced, and bolL'uy asked hor hand in matrimony, They wero above tha conven- tionalities of ordinary socloty. The barriors wero awept asldo, and tho two gifted croatures were united, There was only one ohild, who is now a good-looking young fellow of about 19. Mr. Clomonts Markbam, an Englishman; is ongaged dpan ‘¢ A Memoir of tho Lady Auva de - Osorio,” Jountess of Chinchon. and Vico-Queon of Pory, A, D. 1629-1689, Tho plant which ‘y’xeldu the quinine is named aftor, and was firat runfim into nso hy, the Countoss of Chinchon. All that oan bo gatherod reapocting hor family, hor home, has beon dfl.lgnnhy sought for. Thoe memoir contains a history of the sncient Osorios, Marquiscs of Astorgn; of the Cabrorns and Bobadillas, Counts 'of Chinchon, with . their armorinl bonrings, desconts, ond mervices to the Btato ; a chroniclo of the Count's adminiatration in Peru; tho story of the cure of tho Countosa, and of the introduction of tho_febrifugo into Europo; a history of tho castlo and town of inchon, whero the Countoss disponsed her lienling bark ; and a topographien! and botanionl description of the surrounding country, Tho necond part containa a **Plea for the Correot |: Bpelling of tho Namo of the Gonus,” which commeinorates the debt of gratitude that the world owes to this Bpanish lady. The * Momoir " i illustrated with coats of arms, maps, and viewa of the caatlo and town of Chinchon, Tho reprosentatives of Coopor, the doconsed novelist, agsert that *Loather-Stocking" died nonr Cooperatown, and ia buried on the shora of Otsego Lake. But thero im much to prova that the grave at Hoosick "Falls, which hos s board above it inecribed to tho momory of * Leathor- Btocking,” containg the remains of Coopor'a horo, "The character from whioh thia was drawn was & hunter and_scont namod Natheniel Chipman, A correspondent of the Troy Press enys: “Ia was much with the Indians, adopted ~ many of their Labits, and wod noted for mors than Indian sa- | fi‘lwlg. "Tradition fyrther maya that he was in 0 Frenoh and Indian war of 1757, and was nt the capture of Fort Wiiliam Henry, and wit~ nossed tha terrible massacro, which followed, Aleo, that, during tho war, ho was attached to the person of & British oflicer, for whom he en- “tortainod unbounded admiration and rospact, Mr, Chipman ¢wont Wost,' and lived soveral years on the bordors of Otsego Lalke, whore Lo beoama acquainted with Mr. Coopor, and fur- niahed him with vonison, sod fish. Tn oxtrome old age he remmeg‘tlg finnslck, died af the houso of Mr. John Ryan, and was buried ln the Baptist burying ground at Haoslck Falls,” é . LISETTE. A Chanson a la Francaise, Y Linetto, at times your roguish oye My silvor locks, I uoto, survoy In balf surpriso + aud, by-the-by, 1 6ce I'n growlug very gray. Well, swaot Lisokte, in loviug you, My Loart goss biok to twenty-twd, For four and forty yoars, doar, learn, ~ Tyo trod Wife's focipatl; day by duy’y - But love periails mo toreturn g And meel my awoot Lisctte halt-way ; For ler its springtima to ronew, My looft goos butk to twonty-twro, Aud, by-snd-by, when on my blex Au Linnortelle you come to lay, Bedow the garland with a tear, Aud o'er your sleoping lover gy § “ Hla locks wero silvery gray, 'tia trup—s Lls hoart was only twouty-two % —Fun, S e ey COEDUCATION OF TUE SEXES. To the Editor of The Chicago Zribune : Sir: In s recont number of Tus TRIDUNE, & writor opposesthe cooducation of boys and girls, on the ground that it is unfair to the lalter to yoquire them to compoto with the greater phyaleal strongth of their brothers, Thore is more truth in tho promises than most advoocatos of oquality are willing to admnit; yot tho deduction {s Inlse. The Oreator designed men and womon to live to-. gother, in familien ;;and tho highest good of aachy and of the raco, dsmands that they should live in barmony, To expoot thom to do this whilo educating them on tho old, monastio plan, Is liko tonohing the art of swimming while avolding the dangers of water. To adjust . thoir differences, they re- quire tho most perfoct understanding ,of each ofhor'scharacter and peoulinritios that it s posai- Dble to gain; and in no way can thoy so woll ne~ quira this ag in tho daily infercourec and contpa- titions of achool-lifo, It i truo that wo'have educated one genera- tion of girln, aro cducating another, and will od-, ucate anothor, gud porhaps atlll. another, for early graves, Itis also truoe that early donth s almost tho inovitable result of what wo cgll edu- cation for girls, and that the cause {8 compoti~ tion with tho strongor sex, elther in combined or goparato nchooly ; for this compoetition is not conflued to gohools In which both recite in the eamo olasees, Tho givls in Vassar ave as much tho gompetitors of tho boys in Haryard aaif thoy sat on the eame forms and laid {heir heads togathor 10~ con . fium the eamo .hookd, Wail thay pursue’ the sawme cowo of atudlos, or aimilar courscs, thay compote ; and this compotition, under tho clfcumatancen i which it is carriod on, must inovitably sond the glrla to tho Tlmvn{nrd yonrs bofora tholr nllatted timo. Yot thoro Ia no quostion of going bnok to tha good old time whon reading wau, am uns womanly ns voling now is. Thoro s no flnal oal betweon learning thoalplinhet and hor nccorn o tho wisdom of tho ages. Qon. Graut miglt na woll have gono back Lo Washington from the btoody fleld of Bpottsylvanla ny the woman of Los dny roturn to tho wheeld of thoso of past agas, Lvon it willing t recade, thoy have ne powar to do so. Like tito front rauks lu that French eave alry-ohnrgo ab Waterloo, they munt g0 on and fill tho sunken way” which lieg botweon the opposing armics of Daapotism ond Human Nquallty boforo the Law. No mattor what the flual lssue may be,—wing forco shall provall fu the ond,—they ars bound to fid tho chasm and bridge tho way for thouo who como nftor them. We stand botwaon tha long centurios in which women were chattel- slaves, with no highor aim than to plonsa thoir mastors, and whut thoy are to e in tho Millen~ ninm, or whon thoy hiave rogained thelr original position as oqual proprietors of the earth, with equal dominion over it. Whilo straining toward the future utato, thoy still have many of the dig- abilities of tho past, and are ground, ae it wero, botwoon the uppor and nether mill-stones of an smbition to be man'a intollectual equal and tha old slavish inatinot which gots its approval obove that of God and thelr own consofences. Bo long as tho girl's waist is aa Iarge s that of hor brother, and bor limbs almost ay froe, thore i8 no norvous strain in keoping up with him in #ohool ; but, whon hor ‘natnral fnutincts and the oustoms of society toach her that his favoris bottor than lifo, aud bis pervorted taste profors Chineso foot and o semi-iusoot form, the tug of war bogins, By means of corsot, band, or bolt, her liver ia divided into an uppor and alower seae tion, the one forced up to orowd tha beart, lungs, ond stomach ; the othor downi'to find Toom, 88 i ean, whoro there Is no room for it. Eyory vital orfnn I8 displaced or orampod, Blockades ava established, by tight shoss, tight glovos, tight gartors, tlght carsots, or, atlil niore murderous, sghz tnkh—:-).vmdn; i and t‘uoro the blood must run y oxtra force of pumping, avery tim6 it pasnen from tho haort to the axtenml(lz or lmuk.P ?Ilm limbs sre fottored by masacs of drapory worn only for show; and then the dogtors u:le to tako oxoroiso. 3 1t does not seom to oocur to any one that ex- ercise to & woman drossed as all, or nenrly all, women dress now, s a perfoctly rainony ez~ peudituro of vital power. A fashjonably-dressod woman of to-day abiould bolaidon a lounge, sup- ported by tho softest pillows, and trundled sbont on whoels, in a recumbent position, when suo oca out for air, Sho should never be permitted aland on her orij ‘plad foet longer than necea- enry to robo aud disrobo; and never, for one- hal? hour, bo permitted to bear tho wolght of tho dn{wry in which sho {s doiie up. To study in such a costumo is to burn tlie candlo at both onda; but the spirit of tho ago is upon hor; tho ages {0 como prans her on ; . atudy sbo must; and dio sho must. Thero ia absolutol y no belp for hor. Help will come, but it will bo to susceading fonorations througlhi tho sultoring and- doath of s, ; 3 The present atrifo botween. young mon and ‘women for college-honors 15 a8 though wo har- noesod & 8pan of horses to a load; fastenod a 800-pound bag of sand on the bacl of onoe, tied his feet with ropes a few inches shortor that his natural stop, snd then ureed them to equal af- fort. 1If tho loaded horse woro s hig h-strung, nervous animal, and tho othor a tnEs—it-anny. plodding follow, thoy might keop togotber for Bome timo; but it would bo tho hara and the tor- :toiso at lnst. as it might lave been hiad thero been no unfairness in’the trial. Womau's in- tolloctual equality with man Lias not been proved, and novor can bo until the mutual sorrow caused by hor failure In the prosont trial has taught Lor and hor mate, the arbiter of her dostiny, to prefer the physical woman whom God made, and who only lives now in the dreams of poots and artists, to the caricaturo tmt Slavory and Fashion have substituted for tho original mother of perfoct mon, JANE G BwissuxLa, i AUTUHN, "Tiathe golden gleam of an Autuma-day, With the eoft raln raluing s §f fu piay And a tender totich upon overything, As if Autumn romombered the days of Spring, In the liatening woods thore fa not & breath To shake thelr gold to the sward benoath; And a glnw a8 of wunsbine upon them lies, Though tho sun is hid in the shadowed ekiss, . The cock's clesr crow fram the farmyard come %' Tho mufled Loll from the boiry boons § And fulnt and dim, ond from far away, Cowe tho voicea of cliildren in happy pisy. Qler tha mountains the whits rain drawa fts vell, And the black rooks, cawiug,'across them satl, Whilo nearor tho awoaping wwallows skl O'er tho atoel-groy river's frotted brim, No sorrow upon the landacabawelghs, Nogrief for tho vanished Sunmnior-days, But a vouse of peaceful and calm repose + Liko that which Age in its Autumn knows, - The Bpring-ttme longings are paat and gone, Tho pusslony of Summer no longer nxe knows, Tho hurvest 13 gathorod, and.Autumn stande Sorenely thoughitful with folded hands, Over all {a thrown a memorial ine, A glory fdoal the resl no'er kuew ; For Meuory sifts from the past lia patn, And suifors its beauty aloue to romain, With half & smflo and with holf & slnh It ponders the past that bas hurried by; Bees it, aud foola it, and loves it all, Content it Lias vauisled boyond recall, 0 glorious Autumn, thus sercns, Thus lving and loving oll that has been | Thus calm and contentod let mo be “Whon the Autumn of Ago shall come to me, ~7. 1. Story in Blackwood’s Magazine, —_—— 5 1 * Somo Soap. From the Danbury Netes. Wa #8e by the Troy Whiq that Feank D, Iat- field, the ageut for the soap houso of MoKoon, Van Hasgon & Co., has received a vote of thauks from the Board of Aldermen of that city, for n Fl!& of soap. Mr. Hatfield is appreciated m Troy, and had botter stay thero, Atlesst, ho shonld keop away from Danbury, Soveral ‘weeks ago some of his soap was left ata houes on Libany stroet, whoro it gavo satisfaction, wo learn. Two wecks lator: tho lady of the house bought a box,of fanoy ~eonpi of the eamo manufaclure. Tho cases wore of thres colors, - yellow, whito, and pink, Bho took the box home, and meant to bave Iaid it away, but it caught the eye of hor olild, some 8 years old, and so oxorcised tho - thront of the youngstor that sho was obliged to givo up the box and the oontents, Subuo- quently, boing_ongaged in baking sho lost sight of the affair. In tue meantiwe, the child looied ovar tho box, and finding the contents to be nn- usnally attractive, undortook to cat them, but failing in thie, used them ss blocks for laying out towuships, eroating towers, and performing a varioty of othor ongiucering feats. Pretlysoon it foll to knocking them down with its hand, and then to kicking thom around the room with | its foot, and when this amusement lost its nt- traotion, it suddenly set up a drondful howl of . agony, and started for the Litchen. It was abount ' this time that tho man of the houee, who had beon abed up atairs, came down_ataire in panta and uhirt, to got sowo shnving water, When | withiu four steps of the bottom, hn stepped on gomolbing which immodiatoly disappeared with astouishiug colerity aud dopostted him on the - loor bolow without tho aid of -the othor steps, 1o got up on Liu feet at once, end loochad about for tho causo of tho nccident. It was n caka of that sonp. Io picked it up, and whl wonderful Yrcaouun of mind burlod it throng the glass of the first window, Thon ko gathered up tho sheving cup and brashy, and woat into the room. Ho went into it just ns any man would who lind missed four sleps In coining down steira; and lighted ou anotbor calio just as he was aliout to kick the door shur, thit leg shot sway, 8o violontly as tq burt the roof of Lis mouth, and ho came down on oo know, with his hend eguinst the bureau, "The top of his uealp was somewhat bruised, and one drawor waswithout ity complemont of knobs, and ho had .bitten & picea from the tip of hig tongue, although no one would have suspected that lase by the dow of conversatioun that followed ashe bounded to his foet, The nppoaranao of Lis wifo, with her face dapioting emotions of the livellout alurm, was woloomed na o provi- dnotinl escape-valyo for the wrath boiling within lum, but bo found his rage turning to astonish- men a3 he gw her suddenly change her tnotion, and aush toward him with Ler )Ecnd down and ultering & hystorival soream, As tha instinct of wcli-prosorvation {4 tho loudest, he nmodiately procgodad to move out of tho way of his alidin; spouko, whon ho encountored nnothar cake of #oap, aud _was twisted complotely aronnd and hwriod headlong against the centre- tablo, and lmmemntei aoross bher line of maroh, What became of her or the contre-tabla in the orash that followed ho oaunot toll. Ila romombers when lmkluF the tablo of scoing somo twenty-five new planots, with s ¥0- technio display fn the buglkround, and thiuks ho 1aust have hoard .o willion fro-cruckors go oft undor & barrel, Whon la came to, Lo waa abod in & darkened roow, with two persong whisperlug in a corner, and tho air thoroughly impregnated with s flavor of enstor oll, If BIF, Hutflold can obtain rensonublo board in Troy, within five minntes' walk of tho dopot and vosb Oliigo, he will Sud it & barsaize