Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, July 3, 1873, Page 2

JULY FREE TRADE AND FARMERS' RIGHTS. Speech of the Hon, David A. Wells De- fore tho Cobden Club, ‘How tho Tariif Affects Railway Trans- portation, On the 26th of Juug, the annual dinner of tho Cobden Clnb wan givon nt Groenwich, noar Lon- don, Ingland. Awmong tho gontlomen present was the Ion. David A. Wells. Wo copy from il romarks the following striking passagas: Why is it that n poopla_so intelligont an thnt of tho United Statos, who, at tho cont of no much blood sud trensure, have put down ono syutom of slnvory, hnyo been unable Lo nppro- cinto the fact that tho highest right of property is the right to exchanga it, unobstructedly, for other proporty ; and that ny system which do- nios thin, by declaring thut A may trado with B Trut not with G, is in olfoet but « reaflirmation of tho old_prineiplo of slnvory—dingaiso it as wo may under o plon of (ndirect bouofit. To theso questions {6 is nob nllogother onsy to givo n auccinct suswor, ut, in gomuoral, it may bo said that tho untural rosources of the Unitod Statos aro yot o groat, and tho facilities for onrning n living 80 abundant, that ovils and griovances which in an oldor and moro denvoly populated Btate wonld long ngo hinve cronted a rovolution, aro thero borne almost without romoustrances. In fact, apit wna onea enid of Hungary, tho conntry ‘“‘hns ‘boen smiothered in its own groaso,” and overy man of groat onergy of characlorand tre ability finds sulliciont scopo for tho employmont of all iy fncultics in promoting bis own privato imtor- cots rathor than occupying bis thao with ques- tionn pertaining to tho public wolfara, It i6 not to bo overlooked, furthermoro, paradoxioal es it muy eeomn, that Freo U'rado itelf s ono of tho agencies which has thus far occasionod indiffer- enco in the Unitod States to the unrestrictod ap- plieation of iy principloe, for & uot to bo do- nied that one of the prime causos of the pros- perily of tho Unitod States, past and prosent, }swrer:\ulo to tho fact that Free Tradoin its fullost signification hag Loen oxtonded over an aren of acoutinont, and now ombraces forty- sovon videly soparated, industially differont Stntes and Territories; and that so well satisfied, ‘moreover, avo tho poople of tho truth of thig that upon no ono polnt aro thoy bottor detormined in thoir minds than that thoy will uot pormit the creation or moiutenanco i any part of their broad territory of the slightest artificial obstruc- tion hotweon Stato and Btate to tho froest ox- change of products and tho freost commercial intoreourso; and this, too, although thoro Is not a singlo argumont which can bo adduced in favor of waintwining n protective tarif in tho United Blates ogainst foreign nations which will not apply wilh oqual or grontor foreo in vospeet to tho oxtremes of tho Amoerican Union—the dilforence in wages and prices, char- nctoristics and );{m'sultu, of tho pooplo belug proator bobweon New York and ‘Toxas, Bout Caroling and Celifornia, than botwoon Now Eng- Iand and Great Britain, and Pounsylyania and Germany. Aud it is further & curious circum- stanco illustrative of the incompatability of a belief in Proteetion na an osyontial clement of o nationel fiueal policy with the oxercise of any Inrgo stotesmnuship, that tho late Mr, Groeloy, who has done more than nlmost m’[l,y othor men 1o mako L'rotection popularin thoe United States, in divcussing provious to thp inception of our civil war and also during its” continuance, tho quertion of the desirability of maintaining tho union of the soveral States, outiroly fuiled to cven #o much as recoguize that, moxt to tlio maintenancoof tho iutogrity of (lio nation, tho greatont valuo of the Union would be found in tho fuet (hat its continuance guaranteed Froo Trado wnd froo communication over the wholo vaut territory posecssed by tho Union, and that tho grontest'ovil resulting from its dostruction would be the intersuption and destruction of this treedom by the _cutablishment of a line of cus- tom-houses and a tax-barrier ncrosa the whole width of tho continont. Dut the pooplo of tho grent West iustinetivoly ronsonad botter, and takiing Freo Trado synonymous with pairiotism, rogo almost as ono mau with the annouucomont tlt no foroigu powor should impode thoir froo nccess to tho ocoan, and that the sources of tho JMissisippi, cqually wilh its mouth, should Lnow but *one ownor. But the mills of tho §ea», though grinding oxcood- ing slow, neverthologs grind sure sud fing, and tho time now draws near whon the judgmont of tho American pooplo, long delayod, is likely Lo Do so menifested in opposition to tha doctriuo of Protection ng to cnuno it to disappoar forever as an clomont from the fiscal policy of their Gov- crnmont. But this result, whon it oceurs, will not bo die 50 much to argument or individual offort ng to the forco of circumstances, which are compolling thought and_conviction amongst the massos whethor they will it or no, Thus within the pust bwo yewra the United Siatow, 88 you ol well kuow, bave boon visited with two remarkublo and terrific conflagrations— tho ono in Chicago and tho other in Boston, The fint impulvo in both casos, ns soon 88 tho peaple recovered from tho sliock of their disnstor, was o potition for a removal of the proteetivo dutios on the import of thoso nrticles nocessary for u reconstruction of thoir babitations und placos of businoss—thus uncon- seiously testifying that the genoral result of Protection was s diminution “of abundance, u premium upon scarcity, snd & restriction on ;ixo\\'l.h that in time of calamity wns scarcoly on- durable. Tho raquest in the first instanco was accednd to on tho part of Congress, but in tho socond_refused, the protoctionints bocoming alarmed et tho inovitablo logic of the trausac- tion; but the circumstanco, novortheless, oc- casioued noke fow to nek themselves why o course of legislation that was determined to bo ‘benelicial to those tomporerily mude destituto was nat likely to prove equally satisfactory to thioss made permanantly poor by reason’ of other circumatances, Again, the main support of thio protoctive policy of the United Btatos has Titherto hoon tho manufnoturiug interests ; bit tho manufacturing interest is at Inst boginning to find out thnt in the long rum tho indiroct losses and burdons incident to protection far moro than countarbalanco any direct advantages that muy have boen supposed to aceruo from it. Ono of {he most romarkablo illustrations of this has been afforded by the oxporionco undor the Ligh duties imposed upon the importation of wool and woolens, which range from 50 (o 150 por cent ad valorom. Tho muin argument mado uso of by tho protectionints is that those high Tates of duty nre necessary to compensato tho Awerican menufacturor for the advantage in weges enjoyed by bis foroign compotitor. Now, the reauliy of Lho census of 1870 show that in the woolen industry of the United Siates tho cost of labior ropresents on an averaga but from 17 to 20 per cont of the valua of tho finishied product, while oflior invostigations have proved that tha maximun advantage nt prosont cujoyed by any Europect woolen manufacture over the Amori- can, o1 tho Reoro of wnges. 18 ot in oxcoss of 90 per cent. But 30 or cent_of 20 por cent 18 only G por cent, and it thoreféro follows thatn tarill of this anount, supplomented by froighta neross 3,000 milos of ocoun, commiasions, and ivsurenee, ought to ho amply suflicient to reliovo tho Amerienn munufacturer of anything like dread of the influonce of tho wo-called *panper Inbor” of Muropo, But, ns alroady siated, the oxisting tariff on tho import of woolon goods into tho United Btates ranges from 60 to 160 por eont, aud that this s not suflicient to protect tho American manus facturer, and give him tho mmmnnl{ of his own market, in proved by the circursiany thut tho woolon industry of tho United Statos was naver inu more dopressed condition, and tho prenortion of tho peoplo who nro clid in woulor of foroigu uianufuctitro was naver 0y t iy ot prosont. Tho oxplanation of this ar phenomonon—for s moro singular ono wun novor brought to tho attontion of oconomiste—is, that tho doctrine of Protestion in tho United Staten haw boon carried to such au oxtromd and hau so raisod_the pricen of overy nutitient of manutacturing industry that Pra. tection conaen to protact, and in fuct in place of buing protective has bocome foarfully dostrue- tivo—so0 much o, indood, thut by dopriving the Amorican wooloh _manufncturor of tho freo choieo of raw matorinl 1t Ling mado it ns difficult for him to muke good and chonp cloth ns it was for the Inraelites to muke good bricks with- out atraw; und a8 of old, the c7 i:acu up througliout tho land unto tho protectionlst Pha- rnols, * \Why donlost thou thus with thy sor- wants "' Another circumstance that is contrib- uting annrrully in tho United Biatos to oxposo tho fallacies of the Ym(uullvn nystons s tho heavy burdon imposed on the movomont of e agricuitaral product of the intorior Btatos through tho wimutural cost of {rausportation, which has becomo o groat an obstnole in tho way of the producer und bis seabonrd arkets thut during the pant winter grain in vory iarge quantitios hay beon used as fuol, ‘Thie farm- ota—who, if unitod, can control the politlonl wower of tho couniry,—havoy up to this timo, hoon inclined to liy the bLlamo of the ox- inting stato of affairs almost exclusive- Iy nupon the railrondu; but = littlo con- gidoration 18 boginuing to make It clesr to minds of oven tho duliost comproheusion that whilo mueh is undoubtodly to be charged to rail- road mismausgement and’ corruption, tho fiscul policy of tho country itsalf constitutos the groate et obstaclo i tho way of choap transportation. Tlow strikiug and abundant aro tho proofs of thin will apponr ovidont when I sny to you that a ro- cont pxamination ha shown that it wo compate tho cost.of movirig & ton of !rols{ln. upon the Dol gian and Masnnchisotts railioads with the pricen podd by encli roupootively for services, fucl, and commoadition tho American rallwaya of to-day do their work 60 por cent cheaner than tho chionpeat rollrond systom of Lurope, whilo nomiually the coatin Massachusotts is throo timos groater thun tho cost in Belgium ; and that how Inrgoa part of thia onhanced cost o referablo to other causes than difforenco in woges is indieated by the farthor stalo- mont (which I glvo on the authority cf ono of the leading oar-buildora of my country) that the cost of nn ordinary pnesenger railroad-car in the United Statea is dirootly augmented by rosson of thotanft taxon on its oquipment and matorial to tho oxtent of 81,000 to 81,600 (or from £200 to £300); while in" the case of what ara known with us a8 drawing-room or sleoping-cara tho iu- oraaso of cost fs much groator, Anothor evon moro atirring {ustration to tho samo effoct {s tho influonce of tho tarif? of the United Btates on tho cost of Bossomor stool, T'ho cliof morit of this groat invention of Bes- somor waa- not Ho much that ¢ pro- duced n now articlo as that It produced cheap what waa before dear; but tho Americen pro- toctionist has doolarod through his legisln- tion that olmn{mosl in respect to commodity, o Indisponanblo to railronds, fa not desirablo ; and acoordingly ho has fixed upon it import a rato of duty sufliclontly high Lo almost comploto- 1y oliminnte and dastroy tho grontest benoflt that Liss boon derived from its Invention and manu- facturo. Tho offect hing beon that the ineronsed cost, of rolnying n singla ono of tho gront truuk ronds lending out of Ohiengo with atool rails Las boon {n oxcogs of 2,000,000 mora than it would have beon Lipd tho import of steol ralls been free, thoroby cutailing a tax in porpotuity, rook- oning interest at 8 por cont, of” 2160,000 por an- num on tho business of the lino, which is maluly tho transportation of ngricultural producta, ani roquiring the total annual product of over 10,000 acros of tho ayornge whoat lunds of tho West in ordor to provido tho monns for the paymont of Buch intorest. It is not, thoroforo, to bo wondored a¢ that “Treo Trado aud Farmors' Rights " s boginning to be tho political rallying cry of tho great Weat, and that at a racont con- vontion in Illinols, roprosenting an associntion of not less than 100,000 farmors, rosolutions WOro ndogtnd in favor of the ropeal of the pro- hibitory dutios on iron, stoel, lumbor, and ma-. toriala” for tho construotion of railrond cars, ships, and agricultural implomonts, and affirm: ing a8 a fandamontal prlnmlilo that ‘cheap tools and implomants wero ossoutial not ouly to cheap production, but also to cheap transportation, [ would nlso_remind you that the Inte troaty bo- twoon tho United Btatos and Groat Dritain was not only n loug stop in tho way of softling intor- national difiiculties without tho intorvention of orms and tho uscless expendituro of monoy, butb that it was also o groat sdvanco to the dircotion of Froo Trade; for amongst tho various articlos of that treaty thoro wns nono ‘which gave moro satisfaction to tho Amorican Sooplu a8 o wholo, or which s likely to be pro- uctive of more important consequences, than tno articlo which admitted fish, the produot of British colonial wators, freo 'of duty, into tho Unitod Btatos. For not ouly ie this admiesion cortaln to bo a great hoon to the laboring classes in tho way of affording a supply of choapoer faod, but it is sure to be tho outoring wedgo for othor commercial reforms, innsmuch as it will not bo long beforo tho ropresentativos of tho grent fish- ing interests of tho Unitod Btates, who have so fong boon docoived in sustaining protection, will coms to Lho conclusion that if there is no longer to bo any protection on what tho hook catcles it is not for their intorost to keep it up on the hook it- solf; on the lino attached to the hook; upon tholr boats, food, clothing, npon all othor drticlos which ontor into their production aud consump- tion, Under such circumstances it muat, thero- foro, bo aevident that the lmbfimflt exporimontal attompt to found a natioual fiscal policy on tho doctrine of Protection draws near to a closo, hoving in tho briof compass of ton yonrs, with ovory possiblo_sdvantago in its favor, swept tho commoreo of the United States from tho oconn, dostroyod tho oxport trado in fospoct to uonrly oll tho manufactured products, liarassod nud vexod tho entire mercantile community, impoy- erighiod the sgriculturist, uncqually affocted the distribution of wealih, and by incroasing tha cost of nll tha tools and olemonts of produotion imposed a tax on the whola nation so griovous that its furthor longer continuance has become almost a mattor of impossibility. —_— MASSACHUSETTS ABLAZE. A Forest Fire with & Front of Eight Milea of Flume. Plymouth, Mass, (June 8 Piesateh to the New York forld, One of tho most deutructive forost conflagra- tiony evor kuown in New Lugland in now raging Lere in the wooded portiou of Plymouth County. Tt bogan on Friday, the 20th inst.,, and has in- croaged dnily in megnitude and fury over since. A smort thundor shower this afternoon has had tho offect to somewhnt cheok its spoed, but un- Ioss there is mora rain the fiory domon threatos n dovastation of the country scarcoly less in oxtent and destructiveness than the famous Woatorn fires, At the boginning there were no fonrful approbonelons more than of an ordinary swummer brush fire, but to-night thore 18 genoral alnm all through the Capo district and citizons are organizing to pro- toct tho hamlet, and villages which they inhabit, In tho vicluity of the Great Bouth Pond in this town tho progross for three or four days has boon atoady up to tho little shower this ftor- noon, Iho nmin body of the fire has boen south of tho pond, aud tho euntire half of tho woods be- tween tho great and littlo ponds is now burning fiorcoly. Thared glaro {rom sn aron of eight squnro miles of flame, secn from the Old Colony ill, iu torribly grand, and absotutoly defios de- eoription. This mornihg, in pito of all tho men and means availablo for cheoking its progross, the fire emerged from itn apparent confiuemon within the Lesvily timbored diatriots botwoon the ponds, and eeized upon tho serub oal and emall pincs to tho northenst, Mers, though not™ so violont, it epread more widely, and mnde rapid fragrann towards tho villago of Clintonyillo, on liel River, somo eight miles distant, which locality it is likely to roach unlosa thore avo rapid aud froquont repotitions of this aftornoon’s shower. A nearer approach of tho fire to the thickly-scttled portion of Ply- mouth seoms hardly probable, unloss the wind changas and comos from one poiut long enough to caure the burning of the distriot betweon t'za Puudu and the town, which ara six miles apart. The interval is heavily wooded to within n_mile of tho village, tho remsining distanco baing covored with light brush up Lo within a quarter milo of the houses. No buildings in tho path of the firo have yot boon burned, themen ongaged in fighting it having concentrated upon evory struc- fitvo theonbanioil Ik snssan thrarens Lot dokrn. tion, Uhis work has boen rondored compara- tivoly cany owing to the large oleariugs around o farm Duildings which tho ocenpants, by past experiences, havo beon taught Lo leaye, Tho firo but;nn on Fridny, the 20ih iust., aud has burned with mora or loss encrgy sinco. ~'Tho honyy dews hiavo had the effect to doaden the flames st night, and each morning has brought withit encourago- mont to tho mon that thoir work was neurly ended® But as tho day sdvanced thawind would froslion and the Emlm].derlug {lames would rize with tho occasion, Thore Las been from the flrst but littlo gainod by starting bock fires, and the various gaugn Lavo lenrned wisdom by ex- porionca. ‘Thoy now conflne their energies to norrowing tho urea of fire by oporations on ite Alunks, and thoy hope soon to reduce its path of four miles to lesy, and, if posuible, chango ity course to the more uwanpy districis. Nearly o thousaud men, U00° of whom aro omployod by tho Old Colony Railroad Company, fiom nlong the lines of iy road, hove boou engxped in the work at various points for o weok, ind tho force in dully augmonted. Last night a new tire slarled sbout two miles wouth of tie point of origln of Lo greut firo nt ‘Fremont, and mado rapid progrens in s southe onstorly direction, The gang ongaged in that vicinity have boou drawn away {0 other poluts whore danger throntencd, An ndditional forco was put upon it from the Oana division, and the l:mnpnul his oveniug s that Lhe five will noon 0 got undor, aa it iwin low laud, covercd only by & studded growth, ; T'he aroa burned over extonds from Tromont to Plymouth Sonth Pond in euo direction, and to Herring River, within amiloor two of Narth Handwich, in auolher, having pnesod across tlo northesstern portlon of Curver, dostroying immeonso qusntition of standing and cut wood in itk track, Nob loss thun sixty aquaro milos of territory ure Inid bure, aud thousands of cords of ‘woad destroyed, At timos the burning mass has prosonted s front of elght miley, at othors it wus reducod to two miles 3 thou o slight voering ol the wind hay cnnsml it to sprond beyond all human power to oppose it enccessfully, Nothing but raln, and that of twenty-four Gous’ vontinuance sl loust, will servo ta provoul tho flumew from dovastnt- Ing the ontira. wooded portion of the Cape to tho shoren of the By, “I'ho cilizons, us misy be oxpootod, aro groatly alarmod. Livery mowis A contnand 1a smployai to quonch tho ‘flamos, but nothing will bo of- {footual until thore are coplons raius, lm\yem for which from Hoaven'wlll bo offerod ih the ya- rious churches to-morsow. THE CHOLERA. , ' Momdopathic K'rontmont of tho Dir= . onie, f b the'Kdftor of The Chicago Tribiie s Btu: Pormit mo to Indorso, and moat omphati- cally 8o, tho vno proneription publislied in the Bundny odition of Wi ''ninuns, for the treat- wont of cholora. It In abrolutely homoopathic. Aud, o corroborato tho homoopnthicity of camplior - in this diseaso, I will quoto the trang- lation’of the Into Dr. Duyion, Dr. Rubini (Conntantinoplc), in his statistics for 1854 and 65, * improsnen on tho mind of every ono tho assurauco that cholora fa rondily curablo by ona single remedy, provided that it is administered ju the oarliest stago of tho invasion of tho digonso. I'hiy moat kimplo remedy fs tho saturated alcoholic spirits of camphor, 1f n man Wwill only provide Limeelf with this romedy, ond carry it about with lbm whon ho lervos his houss, ho may thus quiolly and se- onroly go about his uairs and foar nothing. 'ho rapld cure in n fow hours wrought by mo in 77 cagos, without & ninglo doath, hag firmly con- vinced mo_ that comphor 1s tho specific” nyainat cholora, and that it will cortninly cure tho dis- onso. 'I'his oxporionco gives mo the right to affirm that this malady ia little to bo fonrod, ,Dr. Rublni refors to his cxporlonco in tho treatmont of Anintic cholera in Constantinople, in 1861, and he gives his modo of troatmont in throo divisions, os follows : "o procoun of proparing the camplior Hinmannor of using it /s a prophylactio ; His adminiatration ny o ourative agent. The two lnst divislons are those of interest horo. Au a prophylnotic, ho ordors fiva drops of tho apirits on sngar, throo times a day; and complinnco with n strict diot of wholosome food, from which must bo oxcludoed spicen, horbs, cof- feo, toa, and opirituous liquors, As a curative sgont, ho ndminfatorn five drogu on sugnr overy fifteon minutes ;_if tho case be sovoro, tho doda {s to bo incronsed to fiftcen or twenty dropo, and moro _enpocinlly 80 {F thio pa- tlont bo acouatomed to disslpation, Dn.. T. D. W. Cuteado, July 1, 1673, The Southwestern Cholern of 1848 and 1873«-Ilow It Originated and sprond. o the Rditor of the New York Erening Post : The prasent cholora iu the Southornand West- orn States is 5)\1muing the samo courso as tho cholera of 1818, with the oxceplion that that fol- lowed the course of the grent rivors, whilo this Is seemingly carriod nlomL tho principal rail- ronds, Both of thom began in New Or- loaus, and woro thouco distribuled. In 1848 the ehip Quttonberg, with = 260 slocingo presongers, sniled from IHamburg, whore cholora was Bmvnillng; had soven dentha from cholera on board bofore she got out of tho Eibo; arrivod ot New Orleavs, after n pagango of Afty-fiva days, on tho 6th of Decom- or ; Was not subjected to quarantine, and soon after one of her passongors died of cholora in tho Charity Iiospital. What became of the other pnan:ngnu of tho Quttenborg no one knew or cared. Second—Tho bark Callao, from Bromon, with 160 omigrants, lost oighiteon of her pauscngors on the voyage; some from cholers, some from vomiting aud purging, and othors with violont attacks of diarrhwa. The last desth occurred on the 8th of November. Bho arrived at New Orlosns on the 8th of Decombor, and was not subjecled to quarantine. Third—Tho ship Bwanton, from ilavre, hed fovontoon denths from bowel complaintu on tho voyago ; arrived at Now Orlenus on tho 1ith of Docember, aud on tho 12th n woman was carriod from hor to the Charity Ifospitalin o stato of comploto chiolora collapso, One of tho discharged pnssongors, who had dlarshea, walked about tho city on thio 11th, wont toa boarding-house on tho 12th, from whence ho wns carrled to tho Charity ifospital in somploto collapeo, and disd ou the 13th, ~ Fivo othor cases wore admitted to the hospital on tho 18th, showing that tho pas- songors® of tho Bwanton wera uot subjoctod to querautine. On the 1ith citizons of Now Or- lonus bogan to bo attacked, on the .18th there were oight ceses admitted to the Charity Hos- pital, and othors wore heard of in the private practico of o number of physicians. On tho 10th lioro wore eloven frosh cases admitted into tho Lospitul, and the disenso wos ovidently rapidly lucroasing in privato practico, as might woll bo the case, 83 ovor 600 porsous from infcoted ships had beon lot loose over tho city, Thore were 67 deaths in the first ton days. Panic provailed throughout the city, and vast numbors fled in ovory diroction; yot tho leading nowapapars hooted at tho idea that tho disoano was Asiatic c¢holera, and tho Board of Health still kept aloof, From tho 13th of Decombor, 1810, to tha 20th of January, 1819, thure wore near 1,400 deaths from cholora, of which 5686 oceurred In tho Charity Hospital, : ‘I'ho maunor in which the discaso B[{'mnd {rom New Orlesns forms & ourious problem, eays Fonnor. Almost ovory vessol that loft tho city soon biad casos on board, and on somo of the steamboats going up tho Mississippi thore was twonty or thirty cases aud mauy doaths. Thus, poraons having tho disoase and dying of it, wero carried to all the landings, towns and citios up the rivor, a8 high as Cincinnati, Tho cholera also spread among the plantations along tho river, aud aleo in the interior of Louisiana, og- pocinlly to Thibodeau and Lafourcho, whofo it now provails, Tho most remarkablo mortality oceurred in tho Eighth United Siates Infantry, s body of 450 goldiers who came down from Jefferson Bar- racke, nent St. Louis, in high hoalth, remainod in or nenr New Orleans for twolvo days, nud thon embarled for Port Lovaces, in Toxns, In nino days the discase broko out, and in four duys ‘morae 116 mon, or ono-fourth of the command, porished in and about Layaces, Who disonso #oon commonced to provail in Ilouston, Toxas, At tho Charity Tospitsl as many an fifty casos occurred among tho nurses, eorvants, and porsons who had boen ad- mitted for othor complaints, Dany woro at- tacked aftor gotting hundreds of miles sway from Now Orleans, nud thus tho disense was actually sprond in & very short time ovor 5 vast aron of tho Southwoutern country. A physician from Toxas told Dr. Bootl, of Lafourche, that ovory caso of cholers in his village was distinct- ly tricoablo from thia person who camothoro with it to throo or four othiers who woro subsoquontly aftacked. A similar fact was noticed in Went Tennosuoo, A gentloman visitod Memphis dur- ing tho opidemio, roturnod to tho interior and diod of the disonso; threo or four of thoso who camo in contact with him were attacked. InMo- bilo tho first caso occurred on Doo. 30, 1848, by tho cud of May, 1849, thero had boon ouly 129 deaths, Tho first caso was o boy employed on ouo of tho boats plying betweon Now Orleans and Mobilo. ‘Tho firat case was brought to Natchez on Deo. 28, 1848, in tho porson of n mau on his waydown from Vicksburg on o flatbont. Later In tho son- Bon the steamor Gon. Lowa arrived at New Or- lonns from Loulsvillo, having had four or five cases of cholera on board aftor pasaing Vicks. burg. Cases occurrod ou othor stonmboats com- ing down the rivor, ospocially on the stonmbont Bay Btale. On tho Oth and 7th of January, 1849, enges ocenrred in Natchoz on tho Hill, and a fow more among _flatboatmen living comfortubly in thoir boats, T'hon on soveral plantations north of Natchoz. Tho first caso ocourred in Memphis Doac. 22, 1818 ; on tho §0th thero woro six deaths, four nmong 'tho flatbont population and two who had arrlved from Now Orlonns o fow daya proviously. ¥rom Dceombor, 1818, to July 16, 1849, thero woro only 200 death roported from cholora in Momphis, Dr. Bhanks says 2 doaths oceurred nt the landing on the 20Lh and 218t De- cembor, nmnn? the firomon on tho stoamboat Convoy, onoot tho New Orleans nnd Memphia packots. Two dags provious Lo hor arrival cases nd doatha were roported on tho boata from New Orlenns Funulngup tho rivor. Althongh Memn- phis iy 800 miles Ly water from Now Orloans, tho stonmbonty uccomplishod tho trip in four days, and tho first caso of eholors oceurrod al Momphiy within ton days aftor tho first reporled cnse in Now Orloans, and only 26 fatal casies ocourred by Jan. 5, 18103 but many of theso oceurred at tho fiathoat lunding, in porions Tiving on boats lying in tho ohannol of tho rivor whora tho infected stonmboats passed daily closo by thom, ‘Ihe fivst fiftosn days alter tho cholera commenced almost nll the cnses that originatod o Blomplds ogourrad fu porsoi equally oxposod to tho disersa by thoir contiguity to tho steams Doats; and tho Inforonco, tnys Dr, Shenks, ls ronsonablo that the cholera poion was transe mitted to thom from the stenmboats through tho short distance of humid atmosplero inters voning. Yor sovoral dayw after Jan. 5, most of tho deathis ocourrod ab tho lunding, aud among draymen nud othors whoso business required them to go to tho river, Lo.r, ‘Pho Post-Ships of 1S80G-=Mortality Buring T'hit Summore-Prosent ¥'re« cnution, From the New York Tribune, Juns 10, I'ie provalenoo of cholora in Buropo in 1805 led to s ‘:cnoml bolief among Amoricnu physi- oluns and laymon that, huitating ity courso in 1ty tormer marches from the Taut 10 tho West, tho diyonio would on the followings yonr paats over to this country, In Novembar, 1866, tho ship At~ Inntn nrrivod st this port from linvre, having in its hospital soveral porsons sick with the cholors, Lyory precautlon was at onco takon to provent tho L‘nn!n(f‘fln from reaching tho city, Tha aldp was thoroughly disinfooted, and the paa. notigera and crow wore! quarantinod far be- ond thio wsual tlmo -+ of dotonx lon. ° Tho ‘disnnge mcomod stamped out and tho alnrm of: the inhabltanis of tho clty. adunlly lvmmud away.~ In the enrly spring, howaver, Lha slosmahip Virglnid arrived from Tiivorpool, aud tho Captain roporled that 31 of his pasaongora had died of cholorn on the voy- ngo. - Within-n weok aftor its arrival, (6 moro of Lho passongors.diod of tho sumo diseass in ono of tholulkn used as o hospital by the Quaran- tine Commisslonors, Tho vessol, crow, and pna- nunEom woro rigorously quarantinod, and appn- rontly nono enrried tho “eoods of disenso with thom . whon flun!l{ takon to the city and ro- Ionsed. - On tho 20th of April, the England, emi- firnnt ship, arrived, having thoe aad record of 260, ontha by cholora during tho voyago. Tho Eng- Innd wan also subjoctod tos rigid quarantino,, Owlng "to tho limited spaco in tho hulke tho nufferings of tho emigrants wero of an n.y- pailing nnture. No contagion ronchiod the cl'y apparontly, howovor, although tho Healih Of- ficors suspeatod thiat infootion must bo carried into the olty by moans of tho clothing or bed- ding of the omigrants, On the 20th of May tho “fimt onso of oholors ocourred in the oty in o £mall frame house in an open lot in Ninety-third streot, onst of Third avonuci snd on the fol- lowing duy anothor caso In n fonomont houso nt No. 116 Mulbo: stroeot, Doth houscs wore flooded with disinfeotants, and all that portained £0 tho slck porsons woro burnod up. anor- gotic action offectually destroyod ovory gorm of tho digonsc in thoso loealitics, A month passod Lofore' thoro was anothor caso, Meanwhilo tho emigrant ehips Poruvian and Union had orrived at Quorantine, having in tho aggro- fiuo 1,200 steornge pnagongors, and mfloning 50 eathis from cholora since uailing from Livorpool. During tho throo days following tho arrival of theso post ships 104 porsons died of cholora in tho hulks. Prior to Juno 13 only soven porsons diod of cholera in tho city, but in throo dnys thero woro six doaths from this csuse. During tho subsequent weok thore wore only four ro- ported from thia oause, and: on - tho following ook there was only ono, In this mannor tho history of tho disonse in Juno closed. Moan- ‘whilo tho number of casos of fatal diarrhma, es- pnclflly among tha infants, had vastly inoreasod. ho weathor had also gradually bocomo moro and moro uullrg. Moantvhilo the Board of Health had appliod to Qov. Fenton for oxtraordinary powors in view of'tho threstened plague, and woro grantod all tho menus thoy askod for. A largobody of sani~ {ary fuspectors was appolnted, who investigated tho condition of tho paorer sactions of tho oity, and succoeded in supprossing many dangerous nulgancos, in disinfecting missmatlo spots, and in giving oxcollont advico to the ignoraut poorin rolation to the mannor of dealing with tho com- ing pestilonco. Two hospitals wero catablishod, ono at tho lower, and one nt the upper end of - tho city, An oxcellout ambulanco system was organized, tho uso of which the sick wora transported In o vory short time to tho care of thio physicians in tho lospitals, A disinfocting corps wero kept constantly busy strewing tho stroots with disinfootants, and disinfeoting the rooms, bedding, and clothing of tho siok, ~Tho diuoast, up to the middlo of July, although viru- Tout, did not causo many deaths, snd . was Appa- rontly undor the_control of the' physicians. In tho Jast days of July, however, it suddenly sprond into all sections of the city, and developod gront virulonco on the islands of tho harbor and bay. Boginning with ono victim on June 80, the num- bor Incroased rapidly till Aug. 4, when thero woro 285, 'Then it dacroased dally, and soon aftor Sopt. 29, whon thoro wore 35 doaths, it on- tiroly disappeared, having deatroyed tho life of 1,435 perdons, Since thon tho disoass has not reappesred in thig city, but, 28 a procautionary moasuro, the Bonrd of Henlth, in addition to othor action al- ready reportod, lng suthorizod_tho gonoral dis- tribtion of tho following circular to * provont tho outbrenk and spread of cholora:" * Firat—To disinfect diarrheal dischargos andto purlfy wator-olosots, privios, drains, and coss- pools, disgolvo ten pounds of sulphata of_iron (eopploiag) in ivo gallons of wator, and add half & pint of common carbolic acid. Keop a small quantity of this solution in the vessel which is to rocoivo tho dischargos. Tour a pint of the solution into the pan of tho water-closot threo or four times a day, or ndd half tho entire quan- tity to tho contonts of an ordinary privy vault. If ‘this practico is mado goneral in ol private dwollings, not only will the house-drains of such dwellings bo disinfected, but tho bonofit will ox- tond oven to ihe public sowers. Second—The soats and floora of all water-clos- ots {n privato honaos, at forry-housos, on stosm- bonts and rail cars, should bo froquently washed ‘with a solution of one once of carbolio acid in oach gallon of watar, 2hird—During tho prevalonco of cholora, atl dinrrheal discharges should bo roceived in ves- sola containing some of the disiufocting fluid, boforo boing thrown into the privy-vault or pan of tho wator-clogot. Patients sufforing with dinrrhes, thowover mild, should romain igolated, obsorve the recumbent i1,xmlum:. andavoid uuripo fruits aud staloe vegotables. Nothing is of more importance in theso cagos thau absoluto rost. ‘ourlh—Clothing, sheots, towols, ete,, from cholera paticuts, sliould be immadiataly boiled ; but, when this Is impractioablo, .they may bo thrown . into o tub of water, in which have boen_dissolved -cight ounces of sul- pliato of aluo, with. oo or' ko ouncos of care olio neid to overy throo or four gallons of ‘water, or in water containing sufficient permen. ganato of potnsh to maintain a light-purplo color, until tho articles can be boilod, Lifth—To sbsorb moisturo from damp collars, closets, courts, and sunkon areas, uss frosh stono limo, finoly broken and suitably distributed, or (Jhuod on plates in the places to be dried. \’hilownshiufi should bo done with pure frosh limo. Putrid and offousivo gasos may be de- stroyed by chloride of limo, Sixth—Open and_thoronghly vontilato collars, garrots, closots, elcoping-rooms, eud sll other apartments, and koop them%loan’ and dry, Ob- sorve the utmost cloanlingas in basomonts, arcas, and grounds about tho houno, = Secenth—Peruonal health roquires puro drink- iog-wator, fresh air, substantial food, tho nuoded reist, aud bathing of the body. Effcct of the Xilinois ¥nilrond Law on Cincinnatl Froights, From tha Cincinnati Commercial, July 1, The recont _onforcomont of the Tilinois State law on freights through thot Btato haa put rates into such a muddle as probably nover was seon or known bofore in thia city, It was tho talk on 'Chango, in tho Board of 'Ttado, and in business girclon, gonorally, all day yostorday, and tho freight agonts of tho railrords hore woro in con- stant domand for information on the subject. All tho railronds received uotification by lotter and tolograph that oxisting rates. must coaso after this day, whon thoe law gooa into offect. A roportor for the Commercial liad o talk with tho Gonoral Froight Agents of two of our leading Tailroads u,mu the subject yosterday, * the rosult of which will be of interost at this time. Mr. H, J. Page, of the Indianapolis, Cincinnati & Lafujotto Rallrosd, pronounced tho luw ob- noxious, Hosaid: L They have {mmad an obnoxious law—obnox- lous not only there, but ‘hera, The offect on Olucinnati will bo the samo a8 in all other live citios. The offoct i : TFor inutunce, we moke n rale from Cinciunatl to Pooria st 80 conts por 100 on fourth-class froight. Now undor the new Inw we can mako such rales ns wa_mes proper from Cincinnati to the Indiann and Nlinols State lino, which wo would mako out' proportion of tho presont through rates por milo; thon from tho tato lino to the destination in lllinois wo must add tha rato of tho local tariff of tho Illinois road, which will inoronso the throngh rato near- ly 100 por cont, without benefiting tho lines in common, In order to make this clear, wo will- supposo o case, A morohnnt in Cinciunati proposes undor tho new law to forward froight to Rock Ialand, Tilinols, Tho proseut rate on fourth-olann frofght i8 40 conts por 100, Under tho now law that rato would bo about 76 conts por 100, and, in or- dor to make this rato, tho roads in Obio and In disna must carry at their proportion of the 40- cont rato, and pay tho fllinois lines their local rates. 'Who rosult is that all exiating froight linon which woro mutual and co-operative with linew in tho Btata of Iliuois have coased to work undor the formor mutunl bouofits. If tho ratos woro made tho srme per mile from the Last to points in Illinols as tho Illinoiw roads will be compelled to collact, tho oxponse of transportu- tlon will bo 40 burdonsoms as to mako it impos- siblo to bear, © ° The law will not nffoot Cinoinnati any mora than otlier points outside of Illinois, as iy shown by tho fiouernl comumnotion and quedtioniug pro- duced by tho news of the onforcoment of tho . ‘Tho railroads of Tllinols will endoavor to make tho burdon as light as poseibilo, but until there iungenoral undorstanding as’ to what tho ine torprotation of tho law It, tharo will nocousarily bo an unsettled and troublosome condition of railroad froights, Morchautu undorstand what this moans—a total domoralization of forward- ing buelness, 'l;flvnry cloga will focl it. "Lho coa), iron, grain, lumber, flour, woat, and in fadt evory other branoh of businoss will Lo afuctod, but tho onue will fall on the consumer at lnst, Ar, J. K. Rood, of tho Gincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Line sald s number of roads have givon notico to connocting rouds that utter July 1 all oxisting through ratos aro revoked, aud that full Tocal tari(f ratos will La chargod, From such information as the road has re- celvod frou mauagers of roads tu Ilinols, it ap= pears ihat tho Inw will it dlstrb’ rtos from Inclunatl and points east of tho Biate of Iilf- nols to poluts wost of tho Misssippi River, = For inatance, Oinolnnatl frol[illt to'Bu Loule it 1s ox- rested will boentried s horotofore, X X It nooma that whilo shipments from point to point In tho Btato, or from points in tho Btata o points oulsldo, nnd vico vorsn, aro af- featod, that shipmonts from points outshlo, bt rnnulnz through tho Htato, nro not nffcoted by v, - hé Ttondn.loading Into Chicago from tho Enat that hivve but o short distance to run in tho Btalo will ho so little affectod by the Iaw that thoro will probably bo no ohango to Chicago in ratos from Cincinnat! and the Enat. Tho! Otncinnatl, Hamilton & Dayton Rail- road (Richmond route) docs not expeot to mako suy change to Ohicago in consequonco of the law. — e THE FALL OF KHIVA, Military Movomonts of the Russions, < ' !¥rom the New York Tribune, Juns 80, The campaign against Xhiva, which hing termi- natod go favorably for tho Rusklans, has beon of short duration, it we take futo consldoration tho nonture of tho obatacles which rotarded the movoments of tho oxpeditionary forces. Tho rosolution to atiack tho Khanato was formod at 8t. Poteraburg in Docomber last, ‘The propara- tions wero alrendy comploto in DInrch of this yonr, and it wnd dotorminod tbat threo dolach- monla should move on tho placo from th shores of tho Caspian Sos, along tho valloy of tho River Atrek; from Oronburg, in Tussin, by way of the Rivor Imba; and from tho ~ Russlan possossions in Turkistan, —The throo columna wers to perform o concoutrlo movemont, and, after the junction or when they shonld have offootod & communica~ tion with each other, the troops were to pass un- dor the superior. command of Gen, Kauifman, tho Governor-Gotioral of Russian Turkinten, OF one of these dotachments only aslight reforonco nood bo mado. Tho column under Col. Marko- #0ff, which loft Tchikishlar, near tho Atrok, fail- od of succoss. It leftthat place on April5; but, in thid southern part of tho stoppos which 1t waa obliged to oross, it _cncountered such oxcessivo hont that man and boast sucoumbed after n vain siruggle of sovoral wooka. It was compelled to turn back when only a third of the distance had boon performed. Tho mon boing too oxhausted to make the jonrney to Tehilishlar, thay woro taken to Krasnoodsk, morth of that ‘place, nud l;nlvlnd thero inn miserable condition on tho 28th of May, Tho Oronburg dotachment, commandod by Gon, Verevkine, arrived at tho Emba toward the end of March. " On the 17th of May ho roachoed Urgu, fivo or six marches distant from Kungrad, nonr the mouth of tho Amn Daris, A portion of Gon, Voreykine's command, - undor COol, Loma- Lino, which loft Kindorli, was onthe 20Gth of May but two marchos distant from Kungrad. The Colonel waa provented from oboying tho .ordor of his Genoral, who had summoned him to Urgu, and marched steaight upon the onomy by & short cut which ho is #ald to have dlscovered, ‘Tho command of tho third dotnchment, which was to march from Turkistan, waa confided to Gon. Knuffman porsonally, ‘To this dotachmont it was conjocturod most of tho honor of the cunpulg:z would ‘fall. Thoso troops woro to march in two columns from the neighborhood of Tashkond, and moct on the 8d of A%ll in tho Doukan Ilills, which separato tho Desort of Kyzyl Kum from that of Batkak Kum, From on account published in tho 8t. Petorsburg Ju- valids Russe, which has all tho valuo of an officlal statemont, it appears thnt tho Turkistan detachment, after the junction moved in fivo ccholons, Tho grost hoats on the steppo bogan on the 12th of April (April 24, moking allowanco for tho difforont mothods of computin, dnlen(; tho thor- momotor marking 93 dogreos Yohronhoit in tho shado. Tho marchos wero very sovoro: but, in &pito of theso drawbacks, the licalth of the army was oxcollont. On April 21 (May 8), tho leading echelon arrived at Khala Ats, 10 miles from tho border of Xhiva, and 72 milos from the Amu Darls, and was' followed by tho lsst ocholon three dnya later. It was considorod nocessary to build o fort ut Khala Ata, s a point d'appui, aud 2 magazino for stores, Tho foundations of tho fort wors laid, and work bogun on 8t Qeorgo's Day, from which circumstaiico the works woro named Fort St. Goorge. It woa built for n gar- rigon of 200 men, and was to contain artillory, snd onglnecring, and commisaariat storos, bo- sido o tomporary hospital of 80 bods, Information was rocolved about this timo that the enemy, numbering 4,000 mon, was noara ace callad Utch Utchak., In consequenco of his information the commaunding Gonoral do- tormiued on forming on advanced ocholon, com- stud of twelvo companics, tho baggage to bo oft at Fort 8t. Goorgo, The result1s given in the roport of tho Invalids Russe, as follows : *¢ Ou tho 27th of April, therofore, an advancod g\urd moved forward under tho command of faf.-Gon, BardofMaky-two companics of riflamon, ono of sappors, four mountain, sad two mitrails louso (?) guns, and HHE Cosanckn. Thia dotach- mentatartod on tho 27th of April, at 8:30 p.m.,, tak- ing with them fivo days’ supply of wator, Aftor marching nine vorsty thoymade a short Lialt, and thon continued in the following order: A platoon of riflemon marched at their head s an advanced guard; in advance of thoso rode a patrol of eight Consacks, aud Linlf a vorst in front of tho patrol a small body of horsomon, consisting of tho axtillory, Lisat.Col. Ivauloft,with two Eomeacko and nine Djigits—nntive puides—armed with cold stool, and Liout.-Col, 'Wichmenieff, of the Stafr Corps, who was also nccompaniod by two Cosencls ; 0 fow paces in front of thom rode one of our Kirghiz guides. At B!4 in the oven- ing, when_this detachment, affor a skort halt, had marched nine vorsts furthor and was 18 vorsts from Khala-Ata, a body. of 150 Khivans, rushing from thoir am- attacked our loading patrol, Tho mon composing this patrol instantly propared for action ; only six of the fifteon men had fire- arms, and tho two slaff ofticors only hnd their rovolvers, Aftor cutting down the guide, tho enomy gallopad up to within fifteon paces of the small’ body, but, hesitating to attack with the sword, surrounded them and oponed fire, Tho two stafY oflicors and four Cosuacks roturned the firo. . At the firat dischmrge following wore wounded on our sido: Col. Trolunonioft, alightly, two small balls in the head, and Col, Iwanoff, slio slightly, with bullots, ono grazo in tho fool and anothor lodging in tho arm, noar tho olbow ; four Cossacks, ono_toveraly, and threa. Diigits. On bearing’ tho firo ~tho patrol, who wag half o vorst off, quickly gal- loped up, Tho Khivana retired, but on por- colving tho emnll number of tho roliev- ing forco (oight men) halted and continuad tha flro, but_ without doiug sy injury. Msj.-Gon, Bardofeky, tho commandor of tho advanced da- tachmont, op Loaring tho report of fircarms, im- modiately Increasod the strength of tho loading filos with another platoon of riflemen, ordering them up at tho double, - * [ardly had tho rifferen atrivod at the placo of attack, when tho enomy quickly rotroatod, carrying off his dead and’ woundod, of which thero woro threo of tho formor and six of the latter. On rocelving nowsthroo hours afterward of what had ocowrrod Adjutant-Gen. Kaufman, ot & n, m. on tha 35th of April, dispatohod frow tho camp, nosr Fort St. Goorgs, throo sotnins of . Cossacks and a rocket battery, under tho command of Lient.-Col. Gla- vateky, 'I'his . .dotachmeont was ordered to join tho dotnchmont of Maj.-Gon. Bar- doffuly—which had lisited st tho placo of tho sicirmish with the Khivans—to tako chargo of the wouuded, avd sond thom with an escort of oue sotnia to tho eamp ut Fort 8t. Goorgo, and, with the remaining two sotnias and the roockot battory, to march to Admm-Krilghan, roconnoi- toring on nll sidos 80 88 to cloar tho neighboriu, gountey nad disporse any banda that thora migh bo, and thon return to camp. On the 20th of April, at 9 in tho moruing, Liout.-Col. Glavatuky roturnod to onmp and reportod to the commande or that nluuq the wholo ‘distance from Fort 8t. Goorgo to Adamn-Krilghau, ho hadscen no bandy of Khivaus, but hed een their track in‘soveral diroctiony. Awol’dint,' to the information re- coivod, it apponrs that tho nttack on the patrol wag mado entirely by Turcomaus, and that tho chief bodies of tho Khivan troops on the Amu- Darin woro #lso composad of Turcomans. ‘Lho attacking party of the ‘Lurcomans was waoll mounted andl armod with ovoty desoriptian of woapon. ~ Aftor this, on tho 29ih of April, nows was' recolyed from Ma].-Gon. DBardoffsky (hot . tho dotachmnent forming tho advanced lerd hnd comniencod digging twonty wolls at dnm-Krilgham, and that thoro was sufticient water at that place, Accardinfi to tho arrange- ments of the Uommaudor-in-Uhief, Adjt.-Gen. Kaufmann, tho romaining troops of ' tho loading achalon (four companica of riflomon, ive of tho line, olght flold guns, and fifty Cossacks) woro to lenye for Adam-Krilghnn on the S0th of April and joln Maj.-Con, BardofMaky, wnder whom thufi wore to mako s forcod march of 80 voruts, with a fow halts, to tho river Amu-Daria," Hinco this roport, no furthor dotails of the military moverments have been received. Irom the acoounts gout hy telograph, whieh are con- tradlctory in muny reapeats, wo are ablo to state that tho Turkistan dotachmont crossod the Amu- Darina polut distant ouly 25 milos from tho bordors of Khive, and probably in the lattor art of May oaplured tho fortified place of Kusarasp, only "60 milos from tho capital, In thio meantime tho Oronburg detaok- meont, with the body of troops which startod from tho Pouninsula of Mangtehlak, offected a Junotlon on tho 25th of May at Chudjoili, ou the Amu Daris, north of Xhiva., At that piwo the Khivand mado ‘s sband, and tho noxt day ih woro ntfnclod and dofoatod by-the ebmybh :5 Tuanlan forces., Tho onomy flod sonthwned, olosoly pursuod tntil thoy ranchod tho forifoni. of "Mangyt. - On the 1at of Juno another battla of n more dosporato chiaractor took placo, ' Tho Khivans woro, howover, dofonted and pursued in the diroction of tho eapilal, It will thus bo saen that tho city of Khiva must have boon complata- 1y nurroundod botoro it foll fnto tho hauds of the Russinna, THE GALLOWS, A. B, Smith . Executod nt Springticld for tho Murder of Sncicett, Springfleld, Mass, (Jllm'r}.h{lilpalth lo the New York or! orld, Albort IT, Bmith, who murdered Charles D, Snokett, nt Weatfiod, on tho night of tho 20th of lnst Novembor, was hanged at 11 o'clock this morning in this clty. The exacution took plrco ot fiftoen minutos to1l. At 10 n. m. religious Borvicos wore heldat tho residonce of tho Sherift, during which Smith offerod nn oarnest praycr for hiy soul's malvation, Again st tho scaftold thora wore roligious sorvices, in which he jolned. On their couclusion, and in suawer to an inquiry s to bls _deslro to aponk, ho relatod_briefly his story of tho illing of Backett, doclaring_ho had nomallco against him, and that if Lio (Snokett) bnd quit golng with 'his (Smith's) girl s ho promisod, thero would not bave baon any troublo, On tho scaffold ho was romarkably calm, and apparontly without offert toappost so, When firat suspondod ke made no struggle whatovor, nor did lie givo avidonco of pain from the mo- mont of Lis susponsion until tho physictans pro- nouncod himdend. Thoro woro noarly 200 wit- uesscs of the gccuu all of whom wero orderly, and whon tho body had baen lowored and the spoctators had doparted it was_placed in a coflin: nll:ld gont to Baltimore, whero Smith had oncoe ro- elded, The cage of this man has atiracted unusual at- tontion, and from the -boginning to_ the ond hna boon a frultful subject of convorsation in Spring- flald and vicinity. < Tho circumstances which lod to the shooting of Backott by Smith woro ag follows : Siuco tho month-of May, 1872, Smith hsd boon noguaintod with Bliss Jonnio Bates, of Wostflold. For this young lady ho manifostod an sffection which in Bome rospacts bordered on insanity. o claimed t0 bo ongaged to bo marriod to hor—an agsortion which, however, on tho trinl subsoquontly Miss Batos doniod—and wos vory jonlous of her in connootion with any nttontiona that might. have beon paid to lior by anolhor, He goomod to Lave beon posessod of & dolusion fthat the right to oomn{ulnnuad tohim, and that no man had o right to como botwoen thom. Ho was al#o ac- customed to sponk of himsolf as of having boen on intimato torma with her, but theso statomonta and mauy othors having roforonce to hia assortod rolations svith hor and hor foelmfis for him, Miss Batos denied In hor testimony whon Bmith was tried for the murdor of Backott. Bmith was ne- quainted with Sackott, who, a8 ho hay said ro- contly, wns a pleasant sortof man with whom ho hind hnd many friondly conversations previ- ous to his discovory that Backott, who was an oldor man than ho, had * come betweon him and ‘the girl.'” Whatovor might have been tho truth of the mattor so for as tho relntions exist- ing botweon Bmith and Miss Batos ara concerned, itig cortain thatin coursoof timo Sackott be- camo & recognizod suitor of Miss Dates', to whom ho had becomo engaged to bo married in tho Octobor Yrecetlin tho murder. Tho fro- uoncy of Baclkott’s visits to the houso of Miss il)nma about this time worked on Bmith's mind, ond it wag with difficulty, os ho attorwards stated, that ho could: control himaclf when he saw thom togethor. On Monday last, Bmith, in conversation with a roportor, gave somo of tho particulars of what oceurred provious to tho ehooting, The murdor took place on tho 20th of November. On tho 8th of that month Smith, who was living at West Bprln%fluh‘l ot tho thne, wont over to Wostfiold, with tho viow of visiting Jonnie Bates. Ho ro- linquishod his pur]{)osn, however, upon arriving inf\\r'ustfluld, upon being told thut Sackott was at that timo at Miss Batos's houso, 1o then, 110 snid, aftor Sackott hnd loft tha houso, bad o convorsation with his rival, in_which, aftor toll- ing him of his rolations with Miss Bates, ho “Boggod him with tears in Lis oyes to kogpuray from the girl," According to hin'account Sackott romigod during this convorsation to relinquish o gl and Buoith rotarned to West Springs fiold, rolying on this rmmlsu. as ho enid, and with tho confidont boliof that Lo would Lave no moro difiiculty in nonlng Jonnle, On tho night of Nov, 20, Smith, with tho oxpactation fosterod by Sackelt’s promise, wont to Wostflold to sco the object of his infatuntion, ~ As he left the train ho wag informod by an .ncquaintance that Miss Dates had gono. to the theatre with Sackett. Upon hoariug this ho folt, ns he dsclared, the ‘' old focling™ coma ovor him. e claimed to havano recollcction of the events that oceurrod eubro- uontly, and which rosulted in tho death of fackotl and tho sovore ounding of Miss Datos, ‘Those ovents woro detailed by. the witnassos at his trinl for murdor, which commeonced in this city ou tho morning of Tuosday, tho 32d of April. Enly in tho ovening Smith met ono Froderick ‘Bosudry, from whomn ho borrowod somo cart- Tidgos for ks pistol. Upon roceiving them ho remarkod that ho intendod to *“lick the fcllow that was roouing hie girl,” and added that if ho should meot Sackett and Miss Datos ho would shoot them. Later in the evening, while Baclk- ett and Miss Batos woro returuing from tho theatre, and when they woro near tho rosidonco of the latter, Smith emorged from noighbor’s yard and commonced firing at thom. To Backett, who advancod townrds him, ho ox- claimed, with an onth, “ Stand baok there " and continuod to dischiarge his rovolvor, firing soven shots in all, Mies Batea was wounded in threo lacos by tho shots, bul subsoquontly recovorad., Emmu, ‘who was shot through _tho right lung, died on Dec. 8 following, At Bmith's trial tho line of dofenso was that tho murdor was commit- tod undor 8 monomanineal delusion, Tho effort of his connsol failod, howavar, to cloar him; and on tha 25th of April ho was convicted of murder in tho firat dogreo end was sontenced to bo hanged on Juno27. An effort wne made by his counsel to gain o rovorsal of tho verdict and sontence by » now trinl. But this failed. Then a commission wan obtained to tost his sanity, n doubt of which had boon raisod, A fow doys ago this commis- sion reported him snne, aud tho doomed man's Inst Liopo dopartod, Almont to tho laat, howavor, ho ontortained a strange boliof, fouuded on no roagonnblo (figund that ho could namo, that ho would not hengod. Ho alwaya spoke with undiminishied affection of *tho gir)" Jonnio Batos, andit was only last Monday that ho re- marked to a questioner that ho would not accopt s commutation of his sentonco to imprison- mont for life in the Stato Prison unless ho could have hopesof pardon, so that he could bave ““tho girl,” and that if this could Bk o prom sod him ho would profor to dio. Within two or threo days peal, Smith had writton o statomont of tho circumatances under which Backett was shot. Tt contonts em- body tho account contaiued in this dispatoh, As rogarda tho shooting of Mies Bates, ho doclaros that it wns an nccldont, inasmuch as, whilo firing at Backott, sho placod horsolf betwoon thom. Bince that timo lo shas shod -many n tear for having shot tho girl, Ilo mover manifostod any romorgo or regrot for having killed Sackotf, whono doath, under the poculinr cirocumstancos, hoalways' soomod to considor ns natuval an justifiable. Ho was acenstomod to sponk of him to visitors in the most matter-of-fact Wu{. Not all belioved that Bmith should hinyo boon haugod for his crime, ag many thought that howas lod to the commission of tho muwrdor by o mono- mania, —_— Stonm-Noiler Explosions=-Mcéting of the missioners to Make Exporie meont: s WasiiNaToN, Juno 20.—The Board of Com- ‘missionors appointed by the Praaldent to inquire into tho causos of steam-boilor oxploeions or- ganizod by tho l{)poh\tmont of D. D. Smith, Barvising Tnunooior Genoral of Stoam. Vesunls, Chairman, aud Goorge . ‘U'nhlor, of the Bteam- boat Inspaction Bureau of the TmnunxiDupllrt- mont, Becrotary. Mossra. Copelund, Low, and Monshaw woro” appointed n committeo for tho Xaut, and to-day 1mado n roport a8 {o the objoots of oxporiments which are to take x‘flnen at Bandy Tlook, Mossps. Holmos, Crawford, and Donon- ny waroappolnted o comnmitteo for the Wost, ond thoy nlso prosonted n plan of oporations at Pitteburgh, BMosers, Low, Monshaw, and Dononny are Buporvisiny Inspootors of tho Socond, Third, and Hovonth Districts, and were present by invitation, The Gummitteos to whom “wns raforred the quastion of tho oxporimonts to bo mado, and the vroparatlons uecousary thorofor, offered o joiut raport as ]lmfl!mlng tho viows under which tho soparato toports of tho necossary work of tho onstorn and westorn .scotions respectivoly Lnd Boon proparod. Thoywny: As respocts tho oxporimonts to Lo mado, wo nssumo that, to carry out and sacuro tho objeots for which tho appropriation was made, thoy should be of such o practical charnator na shall to n groator or loss degreo dispono of the various thoorlos now ontor- taled respocting Lho causo or causcs of tho mastviolent aud dostructive oxplosions of stesm- Luilors, sud whioli heretoforo all oxamiuation of tho debris and investigation aflor tho explo- ulons have failed to discorn ; also, if possiblo, as thoremlt of theso exporimonts, to polnt out' some protootios Irom such oxplosions. We doom it importaut that the truth or fallacy of the yarlous thoorios hold by wmoloutists, engi- [ r‘onm, and oxperts In rogned to tho cniee ar oausgs.bf thoso oxplosions should, it pogal- ble, bo “sgtilod and dotormined by actial oxporl- ment on'a ‘lrnutlcnl sealo.” Tho report thon " pnumerates tho most promiuent thooriosor hy- pothezos,and caneludna ns follows : *"Wao shonld tato that by the torm oxploulon, as usod In tho roport, we monm toimply thoso burntings-of n vory violent and dosirugtivo chornoter, n4 dls. tingnisbod from n more oponing or ruptnre of & wonk part of tho structuro, which rosulta fn llllv.‘!o'or no damago othor than to tho boilor It~ solf." T'ha roport waa adopted and rosolutions wera passed inviting all porsons interested in the pro- coodinga of this_Commisston, and tho oxpori- menty to bo carriod out by’ thom, to moko nny 'suggoations in rogard to the charastor and “07" o tho oxporimonts whicl, in thoir opinion, wil] beat attain tho objects in viow, nudp that any communieations upon the subject bo addrossed, _- to Capt. D. D. Bimith, Suporvising Inspector Gnnnrnll Washington, D, 0, Tho Commission adjournad sine dio. ——— THE WAR [N ACHEEN. Dispatch of Ilear Admiral Jenikins, ot the Asiatic Squadron=-ihe IEenl Onuscy of tho War. Wl,"’-‘"wrm (J1ne 27) Dinpateh to the New York Herald Tho Navy Dopartmont lins referrad to tho Soc- retary of Btato the lnst dispatch of Rear Admiral Jenking, commnuding tho Asintic squadron, roferonce to tho Achcen war. Admiral Joukina writes at Hlong Kong, and says ¢ Tocont ovonts in the Island of Bumatra would seom to roquiro Lhat I should advort to thom. Boon aftor my atrival at Singnporo, noar the end of Novombor laat, I hoard mauy rumors of ap- llxrouhing difticultios botwoon tho anhorlnmfll' atovian Govornmont and the Sultan of Achoon, whose torritories llo at tho north- wostorn .end of tho Island of Bumatra, I Jlonroed that the Prosidont of Jaya Lind been appoluted by ifs homo Government an onvoy or commiasionar to tho roigning Bovarel; at Ahoon, of tho small remaiulng partof tho Iuland of Bumatra not already owiled by or un-~ dor the protoction of the Nethorlauds Govern- ment, for tho purpoo of sottling sume unnawmed —and probably unknown to other nations—ale logod griovancos. foiind, howover, that for somo unoxplained ronson tho Prosident, soon Rftor hin arrivalat Biugaporo from Bangkok, whithor ho had boen on dipiomatio sorvica for'hin Govornmont, pro- coodod Lo Batavia, ingtoad of golng to Achoon, ng It hind beon sald it wag his purposo to do. - Prior to hoaring thoso rumors of threatened difficultion botwoon tho Nothorlauds Governmentandthe Sul. tan of Achoon I had thought of visiting Point do Galle, and thonce golug over- to Sumatra, know- ing that in_ formor yoars, if not rocontly, our morchant vosgols wero in {ho linbit of trading on that cosst, recoiving from tho nativos in ox- chango for thoir goods tho various products of thoislaud, such as popnor, tumerls, camphor, &o. I foundupon diligont_inguiry nmong the merchants at Singaporo oud Ponmg that the products of tho domiufon of tho Bultan and Achoon ore_uow wont chiefly by Malay and Olinoso smnll vousels to thoso ports for traug- shipuont to Europo and Americs, and that it raroly happonsof Iato that o foreigh vossol goos thoro. Turthormoro, it was commonly reported that thoro was to bo n doclaration of war b the Notherlands Government against tho Sul- tan, a8 soon a8 tho necesanry proparations conld bomndo, Revolving thoso mattors ovor in my mind, and feoling that we had no treaty, com- merclal or othor, with tho Sultan of Achaon, m: prosonco ab that' time noar his capital in & vgaes of war might bo misundorstood, not only by tho two nationa dircctly involved, but by Ruropoau natlons gonerally, and that it probably might in- dnco falso hopos on the purt of tha ouo, ond cra- ate ill-will on the part of the othor, without tho posaibility of ita “resulting in any real good to oithor party, I detormined not to visit the conat of Bumutra whilo tho troubles romained unsote tled. Tho Dopartment is aware that it raroly occurs that a Uniled Blates vossel-of-war visita tho ports of Bumatra, and my first impulso to go thore nroso from tho dosira to mako our flag bettor known than it could ba by tho npp{:unrmmo ot long iutorvals of smalt brigs or echaooners lnden with notions for barter with tho natives for peuper and othor articlen produced in tho island, "I wns not surprised to find & vory strong foeling on tho part of tho citizons and merchonts of other nationalition than the Nethorlands at tho Btraits scttlomonts against what thoy dsomced tho opprossion of the nativos of Sumstra by tho Dutch, and ngainsk tho offorts of that Govornment to find pretoxta for taling posnossion of thaontlra island ; and this fooling seoms to hnve greatly inoroasod, siuco tho alloged ratifioation of a trealy bobtweon Gront Britain and the Notherlands, in which the formor agrocs not to intorfere with tho Iattor's cunrgmn'ls in tho islands of the Sumatrn sido of tho Biraits of Mrlyeon, and tho latter withdraws 1l prior claim af’mual tho islands on tho Singa- poro, Malacca, Yonang, snd Wollosloy sida of thoso Stralts, ' It ia complained genorally by tho morchants with whom I have convorsed, that the systom of Govornmout monopoly sdoptod in tho Nothorlands colonien in thoso Jelauds ia both detrimontal and unjust to tho citizens and subjocts of all other nations. Ienco the oxcito- mont in the Straits sottlomonts growing out of tho threatonod, aud by tho latest accountsactual, war by tho Dutch n{mn the only remaining native rulor in tho Island of Bumatra, It ap- renm thore haa beon & fleot dispatehed from Ba- avin_to Achioon, consisting of six ships-of-war and fivo stoam tuichon canying forty-sovon Eunl and 1,060 seamon, togothor with a forco of 200 infantry, cavalry, and artillory mon, with elghteon picces of ~hoavy cannon snd 1,000 coolios and _convicts as Inborrs, and ton trause portsconvoying horsgs, nion, ammunition, storos, oto, X donot aeo how I or tho Navy Departmon! could properly hnye takon part hiorctofare, or can horoatler, in this quarrel. I think it my duty fo invito tho attention of the Government to tho fact, which sooms from oll I hoar to Lo undeninble, that tho Colonial Gov- ornmonts of tho Nothorlands in these sens pursue n rostsictivo policy 1n regard to trade, which, if found upon o careful examination to- be as allogod, noeds attontion, with tho view to ita amoliorntion by a troaty. Tho speclal pro- duota of Bumatra, Viz., 6ngo, capsicum, poppor, tumeric, gingor, coriander, cumin soed, camphor, bonzoin, hemp, &e., aro such as, In my judg: mont, all nations have a right to trado in on torms of that o«fiunmy accorded by ourselvos and by the commorcinl nations of Europe, Vory ro- spootfully, ‘P'ouNTON A, JENKINS, «Toar Admiral Commanding. To tho Hon. Goorgo 1. Roboson, Socratary of thie Navy. — . The Louininma (Mo.) Bridges From the St. Louts Republican, June 25, Wfention hay boou mado of the visit to Lonis- iaus, Mo, by n Board of United tates engi- neors, ordored by the War Dopartmant, io oxamine nnd fix the location of ‘the railrosd bridgoe at that point, aboutwhich thoro has arisen soma controversy Botwaoa tho roprosantativas of tho rnilrosd aud steamboat intorests. From ono of the gontlemen intorested and pres- ent on tho ocoasion, wo lenrn that, after an ox- aminntion was mado by tho corps, thoy agroed to allow tho bridgo compouy to build the brideo below tho town, providad they would build a dyke 600 or 700 feot fong up the rivor from tho wost pier, to makoagood Ianding for' barges and steambouty, 8o they could drop througlh with safoty in o)l kinds of woathor, aud nlsa narrow the channel ol that point 1,000 feol by building tho wharf on tho woat sido out 1,100 fect, and on tho oast sido 600 foot. The en- fihmum also require the bridgo company to uild & dyke on tho enst sido, 3,000 foot long, abovo town, 8o as to forco the chanuol rlong thie wharf of the town of Lonisiaua, which i3 on tho wost side, and which will romove a waud-bar- opposita the city ; likewiso anothor sand-bar bo- twoen tho town nud tho bridge. This will bonefib thoriver commerce much bottor thuu if thebridge. would bave beon located nt the qunrund of town, The draw: of the Iridgs will havo the largest, oponing of any draw in the world, it being 250 foot Lotweon plors, ‘This arrangomont, wo un- derstand, 8 ontiroly satisfnctory to tho steam- boat and railrond intoresta. N Maj. Butor is_now engaged In flling out the roport for the War Depuartment, in accordance with the above undorstauding, The improve monts aro to bo constructod under tho supor- vision of Maj. Butor. — Abnsing tho Confosstonnls From the Italian News, A young man of Fun!lnmnuhku oxtorior, ina momont whon tho Olinrch of B, Vitalo was nonr- Iy empty, cuterod tho confouniounl box and shut himselt i, awaiting somo n})plimmt for confay. aion. A young lady soon aftor knelt down and began hor confession, DBut tho sacristan, kiow- ing that tho pricstof tut partioular confessional was away from Rome, suspected a trick and rau to call momo pricat in the chureh ; thoy immo: diatoly wont to tho box, oponod the shutters, and lo1 found the young gentloman hoaring tho con- founlon of a pretly girl, The horror was goneral, Dbut that of the young lady groat in tho oxtremo. ‘Tho young man said he had ontored the bos with the intention of having a littlo rost, as bo felt sloepy. Menauros Lave baen taken to donounco bLis oonduct to the authoritios for excommunica- tion, and the youny man was oxcoedingly glad to oscapo with 0 little punishmont. e s ~4If you dou't liko this dinnor yon'd bottor go out out and bang yoursolf,” said an Ohia woman to her husbayd, aud Lo followed hor ins structions,