Chicago Daily Tribune Newspaper, November 14, 1872, Page 4

THE CHICAGO DAILY TRIBUNE: THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1872. TERMS OF THE TRIBUNE. TESNS OF SUBSCHIETION (PATADLE I ADTANC). i . v...812.00 | Sundas. . Pl %001 wesy 00 Parts of o year at the same rata. To prevent delay and mistakes, bo sure and givo Post Office rddress in full, fncluding State and Counts. Remittances mey be made cither by araft, express, Post Office order, of in registered letters, at our risk. TERMS 70 CITY SUBECRIDEDS. Daily, delisered, Sunday excepted, 25 ceats por week. Dally, delisered, Sunday inclnded, 30 cents per woek: Address THE TRIBUNE COMPANY, o. 15 South Csnal-st... Chicago, Il TRUNE Branch Ofice, No. 469 Webssb-ar., in the Bookstore of Messrs, Cobb, Andrews & Co., where ived, and dvertisements and subscriptions will bo socelved, il rocelve the same sttention 2 if left at the Maln Office. ctment. TRIBUSE coanting-room and business depst ws'fiu:mum Tor the present, at No. 15 Canal street. Ad- yestisements should bo handed in at that place., CONTENTS OF TO-DAY'S TRIBUNE. FIRST PAGE—The Boston Fire: Insuranco and Other " Ttems—Adrertisements. SECOND PAGE—Election News—How the Crop Reports 2re Gathered by the Agricultaral Burean—Condition ‘of tho Horsos—Michigan University: A Grand Rush Buiween the * Lits" sad the **Modlcs"—Evans- ton Ttems—Personsl—General News Items—Sbock- ing Sulcide—Mr. Greeles's Emancipatios. THIRD PAGE—The New Deal Among tho Feders] Office. ‘Holders—The Law Courts~The Clark Strcet Rallway Question—Deferred Telegrams—Railroad Time Ta ble—Advertisementa. FOURTH PAGE—Edorisls: The Democratic Parts; ‘Boston, Past and Present; Responsibility for tho Firo How Thoy Build in Europe—Cuxrent News ltems— Politieal. FIFTH PAGE—Our Water Suppls; Route of the Pro- posed New Tannol to the West Side Water Works— Adsertisements. SISTH PAGE—Monstary and Commercial—Marine Tn- toiligence, SEVENTH PAGE—City in Brlef~Small Adsertisements; Reel Estate, For Sale, To Rent, Wanted, Boarding, Lodging, Etc. EIGHTH PAGE—Tho Boston Fire [Continued from First}~Miscellaneous Telegrapble News—Markets by Telegraph. Y AMUSEMENTS. M'VICKER'S THEATRE-Madison streot, between Frate 2nd Dearborn. Aiss Maggie Mitchell, supporied by Mr. L. B. Shewell. *‘Fanchon.” ATREN'S THEATRE—Wabash avenue, corner of Con- gress street. G. L. Fox Pantomime Combination. * Humpty Dampty." . HOOLEY'S OPERA HOUSE—Rsndolph etrect, bo- ween Clark and LaSalle. 1Third week of Abbott-Ki- raliy Pantomime Combipation. ‘¢ Humpty Dampty,” with new features. “Halsted street, sonthof Aadi- ACADEMY OF MUSI( son. The ** Black Crook.” MYERS’ OPERA HOUSE—Monroe strect, befween State and Dearborn. Arlington, Cotton & Kemble's Ainstrel and Burlesque Troupe. NIXON'S AMPITHEATRE—Clinton strect, between “Trashiogton and Randolph. The Georgis Minstrels— Slave Troaps. GLOBE THEATRE—Desplaines strect, between Madi- 200 and Washington. Vaudeville Entertainment. " The @bimago Tibune, Thursday Morning, November 14, 1872. == Twenty-five appeals for relief have been made y sufferers by the Boston fire. Comptroller Knox estimates that the Boston Banks have lost about two millions,—one-twenty~ eighth of their resources. W. C. Moreau, who is editor of the Sun, of Tiogansport, and will be remembered as active #n the Loaisville Convention, was shot yester- sy, but not fatally woanded, by Judge Dyke- znan, whom he attacked in his paper. ‘Boston, its newspapers say, wants no assisi- mnce from Secretary Boutwell, no opening of the Common for business purposes, no selief from pther cities, no esira session of the Legislature, o issue of bonds by the city,—nothing but its pwn resources. Mr. Greeloy congratulstes himself that here~ after his editorial rooms will not be a Federal employment agency. The brief article in which ‘he gives expression to his joy over this emanci~ pation is in his best vein. e printit else- #vhere, 1t is tatod that Postmaster General Creswell %vill remain at Elkton, Md., until his apnuel re- port is finiched. We understand that after the Ath of March next Mr. Creswell will zemain per- manently at Elkton, Md., unless he prefers to et up & claim agency in Washington. After the new engine, which s to be installed 3n the Water-Works to-day, 18 fairlyin opera- Zion, there need beno more complaints of & ecant supply of water for household purposes, or for any emergency of fito. It has 2,400 horse power, and can pamp 33,000,000 gallons a day. This, with the three engines now in use, gives & gupply of 61,000,000 gallons daily, when needed. Ex-Governor Morgan will undoubtedly be Conkling’s competitor for the New York Sena- £orship. Mr. Morgan was once offered the posi- £ion of Becretary of the Treasury by President Lincoln, but declined it, proferring to remaiu in ghe Scnate. Conkling is lmost s unpopular smong the Republicans of New York as among £ho Liberals. If Morgan “ goesfor” theScua. torehip, he will bs very likely to get it. A general meeting of the citizens of Roston washeld yesterday, and recommendstions were smade tothe Common Council that the Peace Jubi_ 1ee Building be removed, that the streets in the purnt district bo widened and straightened, that Pansard roofs and bigh buildings be disconrag- ed, that a new Merchants’ Exchango be erected, and that Congress be petitioned for & drawback on building materials and to enlarge the new Post Office. “fhe Chicago money market continues strin- gent, but scarcely a8 much B0 s it was & week 2go. The Boston fire has bad nd effect, worthy of special notice, on the supply of money on smortgage-loens here yet, and it is possible nons oy be experienced. The recovery from the penic in New York is shown by the fact thet Government bonds are now higher than $hey were & week ago, and railway etocks Lave srecovered nearly the whole decline. It has hitherto been very generally conceded that cold and damp weather were necessary Jo the spread of the horse disease. The de- ppatches, howpver, show that it is travelling southiward, and has already eppeared at Charles- ton, South Carcline. The Spanish authorities st Havana heve hecome 50 much alaymed that ey have determined to gstablish a quarantine, $o which 21l horses coming from this counfry companies remained their favorites, and now they are nearly all broken, and their policy-hold- ors will get only 50 cents to the dollar average. 1If the fire had been as large as ours, the average +would have falien to 25 cents or less. Only one company has been organized in this city since tho fire, and this one has taken the precsution to invest its capital in securities which no fire can reach. Tt will be remembered that, a few days before the Chicago fire, Mr. Edsall, of the firm of Hurl- ‘but & Edsall, was murdered in his own home, in the North Division, as was supposed by & burglar. The murder had already begun to cre- ate widespread excitement in the city when the Grent Fire occurred, and so completely over- shadowed the fearful tragedy that it has herdly ‘becn thonght of since. Bya curious coincidence, only & day or two before the Boaton fire, 8 shock- ing murder also oceurred in that city. Two bar- rols wero seen floating upright in the Charles River, and, upon being brought to shore, were found to contain the remains of & human body, frightfully hacked snd mutilated. After being placed together, the body was identified as that of Abijah Ellis, & real-estate and loan broker, and one of the most respectable citizens of Bos- ton. The detectives had but just commenced to investigate tho case when the fire occurred, whicl: will probably put an end to all forther pro- ceedings, or, at the least, o far divert attention from it 88 to secure the escape of the murderer. A partial eclipse of the moon will occar to- night, Thureday, Nov. 14, which will ba visible in'the United States. Themiadle of ths eclipse willbeat 11h. 29 m. 6 8. Chicago moan time. At that instant the centre of the mdon will be diatant 1 deg., 8 min., 8.3 scc., from the centro of the earth’s shadow; the line from the shadow through the centra of the moon trending 20 deg., 12 min. to the esst of south. Only 8 parts in 100 of the moon’s diame~ ter will be obscured. The moon will then be 2 little east of sonth (within 15 min., 44 sec., of the instant of meridian passage), and only 2434 dege. from the zenith. The fcllowirg aro the times of the phases: Moon enters Penumbra, 9 h. 11 m. p. m. Moou enters shadow, 11 b, 8.9 m. p. m.; con- tact 10 deg. from north, Middle of eclipss, 11 b. 29 m. 6 8. p. m. Moon leaves shadow, 11 h,-49.3 m. p. m. ; con~ tact 30 deg. from north. Moon leaves Penumbra, 1 h. 47} m. 2. m. Duration of the real eclipso, 40 m. 24 8. An annular eclipse of the sun will occur about 11 o'clock in the morning of the 30th instant, but the limits of visibility are almost entirely confined to the Southern Hemisphero; it will not be visible from any part of the United Btates, The Chicago produce markets were less sctive yesterday. Mess pork was inactive and weak at §15.00 asked for old ; $18.25@18.50 for new; S$12.374@12.40 seller December, and $12.30@12.35 geller March. Lard was more ac- tive and easier, at 724c cash or seller December; and 75{@7%c seller March. Meats were moder- ately active and easier at 43¢ for part sslted shoulders, 635@68{c for do short ribs, and TH@ 73{c for do short clesr. Highrwines were quiet and firm at 90c per gallon. Liake freights were Qull snd declined 3c, closing &t 834¢ for corn and 93¢c for wheat to Buffalo, Flour was guiet and steady. Wheat was quiet, and X@e higher, closing wesk at SL02) scller tho month, and £1.023{ seller December. Corn was moderetely active, and averaged }<c higher, clos- ing 3130 selier the month, and 8134c seller Pe- cember. Osts were quiet and firm at 21c seller the month, and 22){@22%{c seller December. Rye was quiet and firm at 52c. Barley was mc- tive, and advanced Ze, closing at 62¢ for No. 2 59c geller the month ; and 51@513¢c for No. 3. The hog trade opened dull at a further decline of 10@15c¢, but in the afternoon there was more 8c- tivity and & better fecling prevailed. Closing prices were $3.90@4.20. There was & ‘good de- ‘mand for cattle and sheep at about yesterday's prices. The Maria Lux, a Peruvian bark laden with Chinese coolies for service in South America, was recently driven into Yokohsma, Japan, by stress of weather. Some of the coolies escaped by swimming ashore, and the Captain of the bark sued before the Japanese Court for their return to the vessel, on the ground of their agreement made in China for the rendition of ‘the services for which they were being trans- ported. The case was argued on both eides by English lawyers, before the Japanese Judge, Ove Tak. On tbe part of the defence, it was contended that the contract was sgainat good morals and the laws of China, that it was entered into by force, that the coolies had been ill-treated on the vessel, and that to retwrn them would endanger their lives. After soveral days of rumination, or, 25 the lawyers callit, *curia ad. vult,” the Hon. Ove Tuk decided in favor of thecoolies, aud sent them bya epecial commission back to China. The alloged agreement, having been signed by the coolies within Portuguese jurisdiction in Chins, was strongly sustained by the Portuguese Consul, who, with the Peruvian Captain, proposs to enlist their respective home Governments of Portugal and Peru in a demand on the Japaneso Government for redress. In that case, we shall have two Christian Governments assailing s heathen Government for the maintenance of the coolie Lrado, while the Pagan will defend as the champion of humanity and modern civilization, THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY. It may be & question of some interest to know in what condition the Iate Presidentiul election hss left the Democratic party. The organiza- tions of that party in 80 of tho 87 States of the Union seut delogates to the Baitimore Conven- tion either instructed or advised to nominate Horace Greeley and B. Gratz Brown. This ac- tion was decided and unanimons in every State where the Democretic party was in the ascend- ency. The opposition to it, except in Delaware, was strongest in such States as Vermont, Massa* chusotts; Oblo, Jows, and Michigan, which States had not given a Democratic majority for 20 years, The Baltimore Convention gontained the best ropresentative men of the party. Ey- ery one who might have had aspirations for the candidacy favored the nomination of Ar, Gree- ley. The Bsltimore Convention, with o unanim- ity unprecedented in Democratic National #ili be eubjected. - If this disease £an be carried to the warm latitudes, it upsets compiptely the Pueory that cold climate has anything to do with te origin. Home insnrance—that ig, insurance in compa- pics Jocated in the game city with the insured, nad having their capital invested within the gweep of the same firo—has received snother get-back by the Boston conflagration, The Cbicago fire should have taught the Bostonisns g different policy, but it did not. Their own Conventions, nob only indorsed Grecley, but formally nomiznated bitg as {he Democratio can- didate for President. Tt is now 2 matter of history that tho candi- date thus nomineted was defeated by the refusal of tho rank and flo of the party ta votofor him. Of tho Pemocrats who rejpcted Greeley, one- balf probably voted for Grant, apd the other belf did not vote at all. Grant’s vote in 1872 will not.exceed his vote in 1863 in thoge Btates lwhloh voted in the Jatter year, showing that .| lican State tickets. there was & defection of ‘Rapublicans from him equial to thie four years’ natural increase and to the votes received from Democrats. Was this Democratic division due to persondl objections to Greeley, or does it signify the decay and dis- solution of the party? In other words, is the Democratic party organization capable of resur- rection? : The Demacratic party has been dcfeated four times in succession,—in 1860, 1864, 1868, and 1872. Inthelast contest, though strongly aid- ed, the party showed that it had lost that co- ‘hesion, union, discipline, and devotion to regu- lar orgsnization which had marked its history. In Maine, s large percentage of Democrais xe~ fused to Voto for a purely Democratic ticket. Tn Ponneylvanis, they refused to votefor Buckalew, an honest and able Democrat, voting directly for the notorious Hartranft or not voting at all. In Ohio, they refused to vote for General Wiley, General Morgan, and other leading men of the party, thus giving that State to the Republicans. In Indisna, they voted in large numbers for the Republican Statoticket, candidates for Congress and Legielature, knowing that the Jatterbody, it Republican, was to elect Morton to the Senate. Even in old Berks County, Penn., that never faltered during the last fifty years, though Bucks alew and Heister Clymer, two of their neighbors and well-known Democrats, were candidates for Governor and Congress, there wero & thousand Democrats who either voted the Re- publican ticket or did not vote at all. It is questionsble whether, in the Northern States, there are more than five Democratic candidates for Congress who received enough Democratic votes to elect them. Had it not been for the defection from Grant, the Republicans would have elected an almost unanimous delegation to Congress. Of course, after the October elec- tiona had shown that the Democratic organiza~ tion had lost control of the members of the party, and that the latter wers openly and avow- edly supporting Republicans for State offices and Congress against the regular Democratic nomi- inecs, theresult on the Presidentisl election wag easy to anticipate. Another remson show- ing that the Democratic organization bad lost its control was, that in all paris of the coun- try the Democratic voters of Irish nationality were the most conspicuous in the support of Grant, or rather of the Republican party. Ian Philadelphia, and in all the cities and towns of Pennsylvania, and in Maine, Ohio, and Indiana, without any hesitation, they voted the Repub- In the November election, the pame class of voters in all the cities of the country, and more notably in New York and Chicago, voted the straight Republican ticket withont a scratch, In this thoy were not de- terred by any of their pravious antipathy to the negro, because in thia city there were ten Irish~ men who voted for Grant to one negro. The Demacratic party has, therefore, lost tho Irish vote, which has left it permanently. It bas lost, also, a very large part of the native vate, It has gawmed noth- ing from any quarter., Tho Liberal Republicans who voted with it in the recen- elaction are mot likely to units permanently ith 8 party that hes shown itselt incapable of holding its own voters. Nor is this all. There is a deep-rooted antag- onism between the Democrats of the North and those in the 0ld Southern States. The latter are just now exceedingly bitter toward Northern Demacrats, who, they eay, have again deserted thew. In Kentucksy, the partyis torn asunder by two factions,—fhe Bourbons and the Progres- sives. The Southern wing of tho party asked the North to vote for Greeley, and & large sec- tion of the Northern Democrats, without wait- ing for the election of President, wont over to t he Republican party. The Southern Democrate, thus sbandoned, say that they must make their own terms with their local conquerors, and, after having twice asked the North for deliverance and been refused, it fs quite probsble that the whole Southern Demacracy heartily approve ihe declaration of their press, that they will hava no more to do with the National Demoeratio party, The party in power will, therefore, not have anything to dread from any revival of the Demo- cratic party 88 such. That there will be an op- position is a necessity which exists under all cir- cumstances, What shape it shall take, and what elements it shall consist of, will depend upon the behavior of those entrusted with the executive and legislative branches of the Government in the recent election. s RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE FIRE, The London Standard is widely astray in spesking of the Boston Fire Depariment as a volunteer force, in our sense of that term,— i. e, 85 distinguished from a disciplined and paid Tiro Department, Not only Boston, but nearly every éne of our lesding American cities, bas 8 paid Pire Department, and one whick, if excelled by the Fire Depart~ ‘ments in any of the European citios, would be glad to kmow its defects and to set about the work of improvement. It is notorious that the ‘best engines for extinguiehing fires have long been mado in the New England States, from whonce they have been regularly exported to England, France, Germany, snd Russia. We hsd believed that American excellence, in this branch of methanism, arises from the fact that our mode of building and heating onr ‘buildings gives rise to mors fires thgn occur in European cities, and that, while the Euro- peans excel in proventing fires, Americans ex~ cel in extinguishing them. ‘Wa cannot yet account for the extracrdinary delay in bringing tho egines to the acene of the fire. A very scrious ' delay is admitted on all hands, and our own correspondent at Bos- ton states that it was thirty-siz minutes after the fire broke out before the first engine reached the ground. A delay like this scems impossible, But & delay of ten minutes in bringing the en- gines to the acene, even by hand, would scom unnecessary. It is frme that the hsbitof de- pending on horses to draw tho engines, and on steam to work them, diminishes thie foree of men employed to each engine to a num- ber quite inadequate to draw the engines through the streets. Still, evon if it syere neces- Bary on account of the horse disease to musier a volunteer force for drawing the engines, this, ok hglf-past 7 o'clock Saturday evening, ought t0 be assemblod in five minutes. Tt is probable, howeyez, that the policy of re- lying on korse power and steam, and the conse- quent diminution of the number of men em- ployed to each engine, ig the prominent cause of the extent of .tho Boaton fre. 1y compelled tho Fire Depariment to rely iu pari o tho volunteer serviee, and to this extent deyeloped jtg jnofficiency. It {8 far from being, as the Standard says, *s disgrace to civ- ilization,” but it was & proo? thai, iz view of the accidents that may hsppen o horses, it is wise to kesp up a force of firemen safficient to draw fhe engines _wben that may benecessary. We presume the respon- sibility for the fire will be fixed by a full and impartial investigation, and it is highly impor- tant, in the interests of all other cities, and of the art of fire-extinguishment, that it should be, BOSTON, PAST AND PRESENT. The recent conflagration in Boston brings that city, for the time boing, more prominently be- fore the public than any other, and creates a ronewed interest in jts history, It was origi- nally called Shawmutt by the Indians, but tho colonists of 1630, who Ianded at Salem, movin, southward, bought the peninsule of its sole in- babitant, Mr. William Blackstone, and, on the 17th of September, of that year; the Court, held at Charlestown, ordered thait be called Boston, in honor of Boston in 014 England, from ‘which many of the colonists had emigrated. It Wag first called! Trimountain, {fromitsthreehills, afterward called Copp's, Fort, and Beacon. The place was at once selected as the metropolis of the Massachusetts Colony. [t settled rapidly, aad, in ten years, no less than 20,000 persons came from England. In 1674, there were about 13500 families in the town. 1t was from the firab & commercial town, Less than a year had elapsed since its settloment, when the first ves- sel built in the colony was launched. 1In 1719, thera were 24,000 fons of ehip- ping clesred annually. In 1741, there were forty vessels upon the stocks at onetime. At the close of the seventeenth century, Boston was probably the largest and wealthiest city in America, With the prom- inent events which happened in Boston imme- diately preceding and during the Revolutionary ‘War—the naval riot of 1747, the agitation over the Btamp act; the maasacre, the destrction of the tea in Boston Harbor, and the evacuation by the British,—~our readers are familior. Bostonze- tained its town government until 1822, when the citizens voted for a city government, and, in the same year, the Legislature incorporated it. During the fifty years which have followed, the ' commercial importance of the city bas steadily incressed. In 1790, the population of Boston was 17,033, Tho combined population of Boston, Roxbury, and Dorchester, the two latter towns having been annexed within & few years, was, in 1870, 250,526, The valuation, in 1885, of real and personal property was $79,302,600 ; in 1870, it was £584,089,400. Tho original limits of Boston comprised but 690 acres. By filling in’ fats, 830 cores have heen added By the absorption of South and Esst Boston, sod by flling the flats surrounding those districts, 1,700 more acres wore acquired, and Roxbury contributed 2,100 scres, and Dorchester 4,800, so that the entiro present aren of the city is 10,170 acres. As Chicago has its North, South, and West Divisions, 8o Boston has ita North, South, and West ‘‘Inds,” these being special terms ap- plied to varions parts of thecity. The North End was onco the most important part of Bos- ton, containing not only the largest warehouses and the public buildings, but aleo the most ele- gant residences, Now, however, a large part of the North End has been abandoned by all except the most vicions classes. It fs devoted to the smell retail business, and flled with thousands of cheap hucksters’ ahops and small mendfacto- ries. The principal buildings at this “end" are Fanenil Hall, the property of the city; the Quincy Market, immediately sdjoining it; the Massachusetts Genoral Hospital, the depots of the Toston & Mairle, the Bostos & Fitchburg, and Boston & Lowell Railroads, the American Houso, the Revere Houso, the Drattlo Square Church, used 88 barracks by the British during the Revolution, andin which Edward Everett once preached, and the Cbrist Church (Episco-*| pal), builf in 1723. The West End contains the literature, science, and culture of Bogfan. Its boundaries include Beacon Hill, the Common, the publio gardens, snd most of the new lznd made on the Back Bay. Within its precincts are the State House, the aristocratic old residences on Beacon streety the finest churchesin the city proper, the Public Lihrary, the Athenmum, the Institutes of Natural History aad Technologs, the Clab Houses, many of the leading publishing houses, and tho public statues of the city. The Soath End i devoted almost exclusively to residences, running out to Roxbury. Busi- ness has pushed residences southward, ga it has with us. It contains many hotels and churches, but as a mle, it is giver mp ex- clusively to “residences, In addition to these ends of the city, thers is a centrsl district, the very heart of Boston, and it was fn this district that the fire” occurred. Itis small, but compactly built, and includes not only the wholesale, but alarge share of the retail business of the city. The wholesala ‘merchants in iron, wool, hides and leather, dry goods, paper, clothing, and groceries, the lawyers of the city, the great transportation offices, the daily papers, the music balls, and tho theaires, and many hotels, are all in this district. Among the notzble buildings are the new Oity Hall, the maasive Cpsfom; House, the old and nsy Post Offices, the United States Court House, the Tremont Temple, the Music Hall, the Museum, the Boston gnd Globe Theatres, the Masonic Temple, Horticultural ‘Hall, Mechanics’ Building, the old State House, the Parker 2nd Revers Houses, the old South (Charch, King's Chapel, and 8t. Paul's Church. Al of these buildings, with the exception of the old State House, seem to have heen spared from the raveges of the fire. They arp pll Jocated in the western parf of the district, and the fire was mainly confined to theeastern, Where it turned westwardly, it fortunately did not come into thelr immediate locations, and thus the build- ings destroyed wore all devoted to business pur- poscs. It has addednot 2 little to the difficulty of understanding the topography of the burnt dis- trict and fixing the points of compass, that the streets are naTrow, irregular, and crooked, and intersected by all sorts of courts, alleys, lanes, and by-ways, some of them leading to other streets, some leading to front doors of residen- ces, some leading nowhere in particular—s fach which gave rise 4o the standing joke on Boston, that its straets were Inid ogt upon thepaths mgde by the cows coming &nd going from “their pasturage on the Common. Washington street, the main thoroughfare of the city, although its general course is north 2nd sopth, jn s distance of 0 miles not only deflacts to every point of thecompass; but deseribes every conceivable form of curve andirregular line. Thisispeculiarly true in the purnt district, tho streets jn which are aperfect metwork of intersecting straight ¢s and curves. Forsome yesrs pash, however, great progress has been made in widening aod straightening these crosked thoronghfares, and tho present calamity hag this’ much of gcompen- sation in it, that it will afford still further ep- Bortunities in this direction. The thrée hills ‘ipon which “Roston once stood have been cut down,' aid olie of ther bag been entirely-xe- - strects, moved. Hauover stroot, tho retall dry goods | building, nor would the anthoritios permi, i if'| avéieiy gitated at theloss of an insignificant sand notions street-of the city, has baen widened, and Commonwealth avenus, one of the most elegant streets in the country, has been Iaid ont amile and & balf in length, with a width of two bundred and fifty feet between the houses on each side, & park running through the centre, planted with trees and adorned with statues, One of the principal reasons, undoubtedly, for the rapid spread of the firo among these mas- sive granite piles grew out of the narrow spaces betweon buildings on different sides of the streets, and the furiouscurrents of air which must. have beon created by the beat in this labyrinth of int~rsecting courts and short thoroughfares. ‘While this calamity is a terrible one, viewed inthe moat favorable light, it is, nevertheless, o source of pleasure to remember that Boston has not lost its great public buildings, its churches, banks, theatres, hotels, its resorts of art snd mueio, and that it hes not suffered in its pri- vate residences, nor in its special public adorn- ments. The number of those who have lost their homes js 8o small that they can be ensily relieved. The burden of business lost comes upon those who are in the main able to bearit. The aggregato of loss has been greatly reduced from the firet reports, and the large insurance companies of the country seem to be able fo make good their losses. 'The outlook brightens with fresher news, and there is every reason to believe that the energy which has built Boston, and established its trade, will speedily enable it to recover what it has lost. HOW THEY BUILD IN EUROPE. 1t has, no doubt, occurred to many persons, in view of the frequency of fires in American cities, to ask why it is that no such conflagra- tions seem to be possible in the large cities of Continentsl Europe. Thero would appear to be two prominent reasons, or, rather, zeries of rea- sons, for this: 1. Certain precautionary measures that are adopted in the construction of the buildings everywhere in Europe. II. A combination of circumstances peculiar to the different climates, governmenis, and cus- toms, of the European cities. In the consideration of the first, it should be stated that the greatest difference in the treat- ment of fires in this country and those of Eu- rope is that the Municipal Governments of Eu- rope unite their encrgies and invention upon preventive measures, while we think only of ex- tinguishing fires after they have broken out. The result is that, while our Fire Departments ere vastly more effective in the way of patting out fires, we have ten fires where Earo- pean cities have one. Then a fire boving found & foothold in Pars or Berlin, encounters resistance in the construction of the buildings that it does not meet in Boston, New York, or Chicago. It is probable that new Chicago will Lave larger number of actual fire-proof buildings than the same area in Paris; but among these in Chicago will be in- terspersed whole blocks constructed hurried- 1y, loosely, and cheaply, while, in Paris, every building presents sbout the same protection sgainst fire, and the same means of resisting it. This dircumatance alond will serve fo acconnt for the dfact that it wonld be next to impossible for & fire to spread eo rapidly in = European city as to get bayond the control of the Depsrtment. In the Euro- pean cities there are not only laws of construc~ tiop, which some of our own cities possess, but therois strict Government supervision to enforce their obaervance. With every building there is en inspector, Tho walls are heavier and more golid. Whero we have & stone building that con- siata of & slight veneering over a thin brick wall, the same building in Europe wonld be construct~ &d from solid pleces of stone, It is impossible, there, under the law and the strict inspection, to allow any of the wood- work to come within & dangerons proximity to any of the flues. Bteam engines and boilers (it was in the engine-room that the Boston fire had its origin) are not permitted to ‘be placed 80 near inflammeble substance that an extra-hot fire would endanger a copflagration. Cement and stuceo are largely used where wo use pine wood. Between the floors and ceilings a mass of mortaris poured, whichhas a tendency to hold s fire' in check. The parti- tion walls, instead of being frail pioces of {framework, are built of thin and ‘hollow brick, resembling tiles, and much like those which may have been noticed in the con- struction of Palmer's new hotel or Kendall's Block, in this city. The result of these numer- ous precautionary measurcs is not only to pre- vont the oufbroals of fire, but o pravent its spread after it has started. The tendencyof & fire, amid surroundings like these, is to smoul- der instead of blazing. Encountering every- ‘where the same checks, it will be readily con--| ceived how difficult it would be for any fire to outrun the hold which the Fire Department would teke upop it, Parisis builf of 3 sand- stone as soft as our own,—indeed, not unlike the Athens stone so generally used in Chicago, —and the Mangerd roofs, which we blame so much, are to be found eyerywhere, our construc- tion being modelled after them, Berlin'is a brick city, with & thick lager of stncco over 'every house. In all the Continental cities there is a8 a8 much of inflammable materia] uped in the conatruction of their buildings as there ig in what we would rank as first-class buildinga here, Ifafire could gain the same resistless head way in Paris and Berlin thatit did in Boston and Chicago, Paris and Berlin would burn as our cities did; bnt tho precantjonary measures which wo bave indicated, and the enforced sd- herence tothem everywhero, render this practi- cally impoasible. Of course, thero are incidental reacons which sssist the precantion, enforced by the European fire regulations. Targe European cities, like Paris and Berlin, do not have the samo extent of manufacturing establishments within their limits which American cities have, The manu-~ facturing is done mostly in the provinces, and the great citics are reserved for the pur- poses of general marts, for the events, for tho arts and plessures which stiract and amuse strangers. The climate in the majority of Con- tinental citjes, is not nearly sosevere s onr 0D, and the fires kopt for warming purposes aro never go lavishly supplied with fual, nor 89 often averheated. Tho porcelain oven, common to Germpany, fed with turf, and giving out 8 dif- fuged heat, is never dapgerous, The uso of gas is by mo means go general, Outsidoof tho public buildings, and princjpal hotels, gas is seldom carried thromghout the houses. Candles apd lerd-oil lamps supply iés place. The building, sside from the public edifices, which ere always isolated, is not of the highly ornamental chirecter Which bas been obtained jn many of our cities by wooden carvings.: .There™ is no custom, like ours, of soreading immense Wooden eiens.all over a any one should attemptto.sdopt it. The Fire Departments are orgsnized for the purpose of preventing fires, and aro alwnys on the watch. No thestre can produce - o- play whero the material used is extra- hazardods, without baving & special detail of firemen, who are organized under military discipline. No spectacle or exhibition of fire-works can occur without the same pre- caution. There are more parks and public places in European cities to prevent the spread of conflagrations. The public build- ings stand slope and are msually surrounded by large gardens. When the Maison d¢ Vivie, or commissary estsblishment, of Paris, caught fire some years ago, it burned to the ground, but it was 2o much isolated that it conld not set fire to the buildings mearest o it. The same cir- cumatance explaing why there was no general conflagration when the Communists attacked the Hotel de Ville and the Louvre palace with their fire-brands. Itis also said that s long stretch of dry weather, sach as wa frequently. have in this conntry, is exceedingly rare ou the Continent, and, as & ‘coneequence, the prevailing winds are moist and less dangerons. 1f we wonld learn a Jesson from the constrrc- tion of the large European cities, however, it is chiefly that of neceseary and uniform precaation. r Our Chicago fire ordinance contains a clause, for instance, which prohibits the placing of wood- work within eight inches of a flue. It is safe to say that there is not one house in twenty where it is atrictly observed. There ia no one to watch the public interestsin this respect, and, so Jong a8 tho builder refrains from puttingup & wooden front, whicl every one would notice, he is safe in salmost any other infringement on the law which may suit bis convenience. Yot it is only by a uniform system of precaution, systematical- 1y enforced, that the immunity from the danger ot great fires can be secured which is enjoyed by European cities. IMPROVEMENTS IN SOUTHERN ILLINOIS. Bouthern Mlinois has improved perhaps more rapidly in the Jast few yoars than any other sec~ tion of the Northwest. At present, the farmers ot that gection are specially prosperous. The fruit crop was fair and remnnerative, but the winter wheat—the principal' staplo—was very fine in quality and the crop sbundant. Prices during the eurlier part of the season ranged at from $120 to $140 per bushel, sad hemce the producing classes have their pockets full of money and, of couree, are contented. Cotton also and tobac- co heve yielded well, and the range for these products is becoming wider and their cultivation is better understood. Corn, except on the river bottoms, is not largely cultivated sonth of the Ohio and Miseiesippi River Valleys, and hence farmers there have escaped the depresgion of the low prices now ruling for that great staple of the central and northern sections of the State. For substantial prosperity, Southern Illinois leads the other counties fortheJear of grace 1872. The crops of Southern Iifinoia now yield a better return than formarly to their producers, owing to largely increased railway facilities for bringing them to market. Nearly every connty £eat in that section can now be reached by rail- way, or lines will scon be completed to them: Several important rosds ave completed that are not found on the maps of the year 1872. From Mettoon there is a line north- west to Decatur, and both Arcola and Tunscole havo east and west lines, crossing the Illinois Central, running through them. The Decatur & Mattoon line is progressing southeast to Vincennes, on tho Wabash River. A road has been opened within the year throngh Perry and Indianapolis Countios to Chester, on the Mississippi River. A three-feet gange road is rapidly approaching completion between 8t. Louis and Cairo. It runs through the counties bounded west by the Mississippi River, snd s intended to deveiop the valusble coal fields in the counties through which it runs. A branch of the St. Louiy & Southeastern Railwly is finished from McXLeanshoro to Shaw- neetown. A short line is opened from Carbon- dale, on the Tllinois Contral, to Marion, in Will- iamgon County, to be extended hereafter to Shawneetown, or t0 connect with the roads lead- ingto that staid old ity on the Ohio. The longest, snd perhaps the most important, new railway line in process of construction in Southorn Ili- noia is to connect Cairo with Vincennes, on the ‘Wabash. Ijruns throngh Alexander, Pulsski, Johnson, Baline, White, snd Wabash Counties, and with the Danville and" other roads will open & new line between Cairo and Chicsgo very lit- tle longer than the Illinois Central Railway. The Wabash Valley, thruogh which it rana most of the way, is oxceedingly productive, and it ia settled by a Lhrifty, enterprising popu. Intion, whose business will greatly benefit the mercantile, manufacturing, and commercial in- tereats of our city. The roed is nemly all grad- €d, and considerable portions of it aro already in operation. It is all to be finished in time for the summer and fall buziness of the coming year. As might bo expocted. {hese railway improve- ments are supplemented by o largs immigro~ tion of energetic, enterprising pecplo from other 'States, "The inaction, not to say listless- ness, which brooded over Soulhern Iilinois & querter of a contury ago has given place to thrift and progress in sll ihat promates the intellectusl and sociel welfars of tho people, Schools and churches ate evarywhere doing their appropriate work. Intelligent indas- try- is rapidly developing the vast agri- culiural and mineral riches of Sonthern Minois, With her- gemisl climate, her teeming soil producing the finost wheat and cotton, tobacco and fruit ; her magnificent groves yielding their walnut, maple, snd other choice woods, evon to the Boston market, the progress of Southern Iilinois may now fairly challenge comparison with any section of car noble State, A ——— The cloud of war which is now threatening Nortbern Asia is one which lias been gathoring for a long time, The Russians have long com- plained that the robellion. of those of their Kirghis senbjocts- living betweon the Arel and Caspiam hid been active- 1y eupported by Ehiva; that the Khan of this hostile Provinco has endeavored to ex- cite s Taballjon in Bokhara; aad thata number of Russizn prisoners in Khiva have been gom- pelled to secopt Mohamimedaniem and marry the women of that Province. The object of .the Russiang, according to {he Berlin eorrespondent fid by the San Jusn Bonndary decision, and |, &vidently not in the right temper to regard with omplacency this proposed flight of the doible-headed eagle towards her Eastern do- miions . SPRINGFIELD. The Penitentiary Comwmissioners? Report--A Gratifying Exhibit. Serrxarierp, Nov. 13.—The Board of Peni- tentiary Commissioners are now in gession at the prison, preparing to make their friennial report to the Governor, which will be ready promptly when due, on the 18t proximo. From advance sheets of the Warden’s report, it is learned tbat the institution is in a most g:aaparmm condition. Tho Warden's report will most comprehensive, giving statistical tables and details of all the various departments in full. These show that the prison js supplied with some_six thousand ‘bushels of potatoes, paid for; séme five hun- dred tierces of moss pork and corned beef, paid for; & yesr's supply of boots and shoes, paid for; beaides all the minor incidentals neces to the complete_equipment of the institution, The institution does not owe 3 single dollar be- iand the carrent moathly expenses, and has on and & sum equal to any ordinary demand. The grounds in front of the Warden’s house and wings, which have been so long meg- lected, are being levelled off; ares wtfis built, and the other improvements botoken great care and a desire to make a presentable appear- ance, as well a5 to securs s good sanitary. con- dition. These improvements in and around the Penitentiary are very gratifying fo visitors wha have heretofore been ip the habit of visiting the Penitentiary from time to time. The Commia~ sioners have been untiring in their efforts to show abundant success in the mansgement un- dor the systom Tecently inaugurated, .@ ‘their zepart will convince tha peaple of the Stite that success in the Penitentiary management is no longer problematical, but assured. e Lo SHOCKING ACCIDENT. A gevere, if not fatal, accidert occurred at the factory of Simons & Co., No. 272 West Lake street, yesterday afternoon. A lad about 15 years of ege, numed John Maitland, employed in the factory, was caught by the hand in & planing machine, and the whole arm to the skoulder lit~ terally torn to shreads. Ths machinery had to bo taken apart to release him, and the loss of blood, together with the shock, was 8o greatitia thought he can hxrdli‘revive. Able surgeons were summoned, who did all they could for him, and Dr. Hunt, who has tha cas in o, wi ampntate the mutilated armrat the shouldor as 800N 8 it i3 safe t0 do €0, The injured boy was Bchraate, No. 550 ot ‘Sadinon sron e chirgeder, No. esf ison street, imme- diately after the accident. ke —_— POLITICAL. Although the Louisiana election was held on the 4th, a day ahead of other States, thereis a Roticeable delay in getting at the result, bus the New Orleans Republican of the 10th thinks there i3 no reason to change the belief that the Re publicans have carried the State ticket and both - branches of the General Assembly. —The defection of Democrats in North Ala- bama has not only given the State to Grant, but defeated the candidate for Governor and given the Grantites the Legislatare. —There is evidently going to be a lively raco in the Georgis Legislature for United States Senator. General John B. Gordon, Ben. H. Hill, Dr. H. V. M. Miller, Judge Underwood, General A.'H. Benning, General L. J. Gartrell, and Gen- ersl A. H. Colquit, are only a fow of the numer- ous aspirants. —The Springfield Republican seys: A distinguished Republl d £ of tho Te-thactlony 4 ko the Preciiret (ans i cerning a successor to Secratary Fiah, when that gen- tleman seemed determined to Yefire some months ago, said General Grant proposed one man for the position that simply made bim (the listener) aghrst with aston. ispment and slarm, The name was not reported, Could it have been that of our Minister to Spain, Mr. osame Depirtmentd o o te lists new for —How Representative Cotton, of the Daven- port (Tows) district, came 8o near defeat is yar~ tially explained by the vote of Maguoketa and sn adjoining township, which gave Grant 225 msjority, and 485 majority against'the Congreas- man. A deposed Postmaster did it. —The Republican State Committee of Massa- chnsetts will banquet Henry Wilson on Friday, the neighboring Presidential Electors being in- vited to attend. ~—In Charleston, 8. C., some 400 whites appear to have voted for Grant, and 100 colored men for Greeley. —In Maryland, Grant carried seventeen coun~ ties, and Greeley five; and the city of Baltimore turned the ecale in Greeley’s favor. ~—The St. Louis Republican Sgurcs on 18,000 majority for Greeley in Missouri, and 80,000 for ‘Woaodson. —Governor Bsker, of Indiana, has decided not {o issue = certificate of election to either Neff or Shanks for the seat in Congress from the Ninth District, but to forward a certificate setting forth the facts. Under such circumstances Con- gress will award the seat to Shanks, and Neff won't stand any eliow, even for espenses. But what business has a Liberal to be in the next Congress anyway ? —Let the Straightouts rejoico! O°Conor hag catried one district! It is in’ Hampshire County, West Virginis, and bears the euphonious name of ¢ Kedron.” The vote was: 0'Conor, 28; Greeley, 26; Grant, 1. ~Nashville is the first to elect a colored man to the Tennessee Legislature, and he is Samp- son W. Keeble, a barber. —~In Leavenworth, Colonels Anthony and Jennison, comrades of the old Kansas Joy- hawkers’ Regiment, were candidstes on the Grapt ticket for the Ilonse and Senate, Tespect- ively, and both wero defeated, as each says the other deserved to be. But Anthony now says, in his newspaper:. Take the delegation 25 o whole, 1t 1a the weakest set of Ten that ever went from our county to Topeka. —Jason B. Brown, of the Indiana Senate, who # couldu't cat crow” and therefore took Grant i bis's, ia to bo made Prosident pro fem. of the Senate. —_—— War Department Weather Prognose tics, War DepsRTMENT, OFFICE OF THE CmIER Bi6NAL OFricn, DivisioN oF TELEGRAME AND RePORTS” FOB THE BENEFIT OP - COMMERCE/ Wasmaroy, ‘D, C., Nov. 18.—Probabilifies— The baromgter will probably continue faliing over the lower lakes, and thence over the entire sections of tho Middle States and New England, with sontowesterly to southeasterly Winds, threatening weather, and rain to-morrow. In the South Atlanlic and Gulf States, southeasterly to sontbwestorly winds and partly clondy weather will prevail. "In the Northwest, and thence to the Miksouri, Upper and Lower Ohio Valleys, northerly to westerly winds, clearing and partly clondy weather, with occasional light ain and gnow. On the upper Jakes briskand high souths westerly and northwesterly winds, threatening weathor and rai exteuding iuto Dlinois, Indi- aua, andOhio. ~ * ° ‘Warning signals continae at Duluth, Chicago, Milwgukef, Grand Haven, Detroit, Toledo, Clevelaud, Baffalo, Oswego, sud Rockester. pswealitiibla s b The Mansards Condemned. Cpxerysaty, Nov. 13.—The Institate of Archi- teels pdjourned to-day to hold the next annnal Teeting in Chicago on the second Tuesday in November next year, A Committee, consisting of A. J. Bloor, of New York, N. H. Hutton, of Ealtimote, and A. C, Nash, of Cincinnati, were appointed to devise and report @ mode of constructing fire-proof Mansard roofs at _a reasomhblo cost and_report next yesr. Wm. Ware, of Boston, said but for the Mansard roofs the late conflagration’in. that city would not have spread beyond gontrol. e thanght probably tho Ifaneprd roofs in West Boston wonld have to be ohanged, The discua- sion condsmued Mansard roofs severely, . s el An Alsconding Banker. St. Lows, Nov. 13.—The Democral_ published of the Londqn Times, is not only to punish the | o lotter from Denver, Coloradq, giving an ge~ audacity of the Rban, bitt a)so to incorporate Khi- §§3‘f¢'§1 2 Brent excitoment émefi inthat place ve, which. will soon, be conbpeled with B both by railways and steam navigation,. As this wonld extend tho Russlan line of gommunica~ tion to the borders of the British possessions in the East, tho movements of Bussia are just now watched with jntense interest in Eggland, and may, ‘Before, lobg, producy s decided remon- stsance from the Jatior, England i3 alregdy Hawk on Friday and Saturday, b the discovery that Benjamin Erlanger, an ol Bupsian Jeu, sud proprietor of the Deu % 350,00 dred poor dopositors are about & hundred etk De eft Denver ostensibly for Cheyenn tracq can be found to hyin wkmab{pull?’ R bicondcd itk shont Y gbiconded wi 0 of his depositors’ cash. Ahnntfi'vs‘h::f are !hec laga]x:, mlxlzungwhem . servant girls who bad en- their hard estnings to- bis keeping. Ho Instjtution, haq