Casper Daily Tribune Newspaper, November 23, 1924, Page 10

“OF EMBLEM [a CLUB SUBJECT (F Business and Profes- ional Women Enjoy Fine Program. «-The significance of. the ~ official emblem of the Federatidn pin of the Business and Professional Women's club was the subject at the regular meeting of.the club Saturday, Mrs. Edna Stowe Thomas acted as chair. + #° nian of the day. * “Miss Catharine Morton, state sup: érintendent of public instruction, Irving, county supérinten je “end Mi dent of Carbon county, were among Both “qeertsitors had been in attendance up- won the special class teacher's inst! ‘tute which was held in Casper Fri * bday and Saturday of this week. Miss ‘te-Mortan gave a Very interesting talk *ento the club on education and educa- «tion week. She stressed the import- aMwance of educatitn, calling to mind &m@that, education shou'd be one of the ee things foremost in tt! ‘ht that * s¢ the visitors at tho lunch@en qaxthia being true, the public wotld s4.mgive more time to go tton, in that | as they find time t6 do the thir 4 Which are foremost in our thoughts. he ts) =.Mrs. Gertrude Hill, who ts one of = f the most interé members of Si) aq the club, talked on the meaning of jenthe club emblem. Casper belangs to me the western district of the national ¢ “¥ederation of the Business and Pro- = 8 sesstonal Women’s club and Made isn Seabright, who is president of +) ¢-Ybe local club, is district chairman 2=u4 cf the emblem committee. Mrs *°1i is state chairman and, in her “talk called upon the members to <‘f¥alize the meaning of the emblem \ 2 ahd to wear this emblem. At the *SSclose of Mrs. Hill's talk a tableaux “ot the emblem was staged by Made- lyn Seabright, Gertrtde Kamps, 16 flaming torch of wisdom, the Seingeda wand of the herald, the ship "Gt commerce, the open scroll of a: y apt P Scifearning and the winged victory of Samothrace. “* "it is the desire of the club that each member wear this emblem. A Bving cup is held each year by the elub having the largest proportion “ay mem! ng the emblem. © Casper club expects to have the ip the following wear. Be Completed Soon appa. CHEY: E, Wy ‘The resignation of Byron 8. Hule of the office of state examiner, re-}_ Acting Gc trquested and accepted b 4 will not be- sepnor Frank EB. Luc $ come effective until November 28 tn ne order that Huie may f time to } \complete a bank reorganization atf et .“Pereybull on which, as examiner, he —tms been working for some time “Appointment of Hule’s successor will be announced by the acting governor within a v = NEXT MOVE Ov ~ ARMAMENTS 15 - UP TO EUROPE = ‘Administration to Take | ¥ Action’ at 2 No | - This Time By DAVID LAWRENCE, «oben (Copyright, 1924, ¢ lidated Press Association.) WASHINGTON, Nov. 2.—Al though the United States govern 4) ment is deeply interested in every move that may reduce the cost of armaments to the civilized world and lessen the chances of war, the Coolidge administration expects’ the initiative in respect of land a’ “= | ment reduction to come from Euro: || pean powers, oh Senator Borah and others who fee) | the American government should} } cell another arms conference are of } » | that opinion largely they { because os | think that unless the United States c takes a hand in the land armament quéstion as was the case with naval | armamert, little will come of the 22 | tglk of reduced armament amit, oh the otler hand, the United | ites “government felt < ‘ fe calling of another arms con-| ence were ‘an assurance of suc-| I Gees, President Coolidge would call ae | @e overnight nat, however, is 4} not the and, unfortunately * —& there are some factors which make it apparent the A ican frover ment can only helpfully advise and| ‘an not compel reductions, even by e ‘of opinion, as occurred with | é the faval conference At that time} America came forward at the outset and proclaimed wacrifice. Having jeading Mavies in the warld, the nite States could take the leader ‘ GSinip-and, by her example, compel that the case very A program of one of the f the others to follow or be placed in| }.the awkward position of blocking j reduction. With land armament, the whole ¢ question changes? The United State * (Ghas one of che smallest * p'irmies in the world, just enor 7 velice protection and not as much Avis European powers with tho same “j length of boundaries would think eats. For the United States to an nounce her eA have esi P 23 ajapding army Wo 10 effect - SIGNIFICANCE. | two | from the Filt By J. F. J. MAHER. When a fan sits down before a Filter Tuner and begins to twist the dials he must keep in mind that this is no ordinary set, and does not respond to the methods used with ordinary sets. The factor of variable resistance introuced makes a circuit with which a great many combina- tions of balancing may be obtained. For the benefit of those not ac- quainted with radio apparatus design, we may point out that heretofore, receiving sets, available to the broadcast listener, were made to obtain balances of inductance and capacity only, as no provisions were made for obtaining resistance balance. In the Filter Tuner there is another control tor supplying the third balance called the variable resistance. It is und cod that in order to¢— obtain a signal the various circuits |dial on the left is the filter con- in which the signal current is/trol, and that on the righs is the flowing must be in resonance or {secondary condenser. The two tune. Resonance is obtained. by /small dials between are the rheo- means of variable, conden: stat, on the bottom, and the yaria- which change the constant ble tance on top. 6 ame that a station is picked point./up on forty ofeach diaJ. If the ractise in filter dial is turned back to thirty. tuning any-ordinary r ing set.|and the secondary moved up to However, with the Filt Tuner | about fifty the same station will there is the factor of resistance /be heard, but with a different de- of the filter circuit to be consid-|gree of intensity, and also with a ered. It is only by obtaining the! greater or less freedom from inter- proper resistance of this circuit, |ference, according to other condi- as well as the proper capacity and/tions. These variations are ap- the individual circuit unti. approached the reson This is the common inductance that the signal is re |proximate and may be extended in ceived with m mum intensity and | some cases, Now, when the freedom from interference. Inter-|strength of the regenerative cur- ference in the Filter Tuner 18 rent is increased, by increasing the blocked‘ out by the action of the /resistance of the top control, it strong regenerative current flow: | will be.found that the constants of ing in the Filter coils. both circuits have been changed Because of the close coupling |and different combinations may be between the coils it is possible to|obtained. So by changing the ca- change the constant of the sec | pacity of one circuit or the other, ondary py the influence ot the|and by varying the resistance, the filter condenser. For this reason) signal can be increased to great a station may be obtained at twa/volume, and interference which settings of the condensers quite| makes reception impossible on or-| widely separated. To explain this dinary sets will be inaudible. - peculiarity of the circuit, we shall} It is generally true that on low refer to the set with two dials. The| waves less resistance is required WASTE ENERGY 3. Use no more tubes than are fan should |sufticient for the results desired. |It frequently happens that inexpe- rienced operators will have more tubes burning than are necessary, and then de-tune to lessen the yol- ume of sound. For local stations, for instance, the first audio stage is sufficient. 4. Burn the tubes at the lowest point compatible with gvood recep- tion. xcess filament current not only drains the batteries unduly, but reduces the life of the tubes. Once the rheostat is fixed’ at the proper point it should, not be touched again, 5. Turn off the filament the mo- ment you stop listening. Current (s flowing as long as the filament | BATTERIES MAY Here are some pointers on bat- + teries that the radio know: 1, Use the size battery adequate to the need of the particular set. It is impossible to get results from multiple-tube apparatus with the smallest size of battery, and the experiment will also be costly because of the rapid depreciation of fuel supply and the consequent need for frequent renewals. The number and type of tubes, as well as the range sought should determine the size of the battery required. 2. Be sure that the “B” battery is not connected to “A” battery ter- minals, as the filament in the lat- ter is designed to operate on low voltage, whereas tho voltage of “B” battery is many times that of the How to Get Best Results Fa on high waves. Tuner To make this perfectly clear, if the resis- tance is of the compression type, it will be screwed in for the low waves and out for the high waves. It is extremely important to have a variable resistance that is pro- gressively variable between ranges 5,000. ohms and at least 25,000 ohms. Frequently it is necessary| to vary the resistance only a few obms to tune a station in or out. This condition is especially true where two stations are operating on or nearly the same wave length. It is quite impossible to separate two stations on the same wave except by use of variable resist- ance. It is understood that no two stations are on exactly the same wave, despite the fact that they may be listed such. There is always a difference, but however slight it may be the Filter Tuner will be able to take advantage of it and show a clean cut signal from one or the other. filament voltage rating. is lighted. Neutralizing Cond. Radio Freq. Transl Tuning Cand Radio Trans. QOQ0000 ins Wiring Diagram-for Five Tobe Nevkrodyne After building a successful re-Pway as the detector of a simple generative set with amplifier,, sl ceuarenes set is tuned. The tun- fan has learned enough to attempt) ing coils are mounted at a certain the construction of a more compli-| angie to preyent undesirable feed- ck c t ing set u cated set, such as the neutrodyne pace curren Reha a a at bed ‘One The difference between a reneg-| other addition is made to the de- erative set and a neutrodyne 1s only| sign, small adjustable condensers two tubes. The extra tubes in-) connected between the grid cir crei the signal strength before] cuits, and the neutrodyne is com- fit r the and they] plete. : are radiofrequency ampli-|" In the lay-out shown ‘in the dia- fiers. Each tube of this amplifier unit is tuned with a variable con- denser and inductance, in the same gram, the first and second tubes are the radio-frequency amplifiers, the third tube ts the detector, and How to K now a Good Loud Speaker Many fans are having trouble with their loud speakers because the unit fs not matched to the set. It is quite important to select a speaker that will perform best with the type of receiver with which it must operate, A speaker designed for heavy duty, needing a heavy plate current, witl scarcely operate satisfactorily on a set having only Coppright, 1924, Premier Syndicate, Inc. GOOD i RECEPTION| HERE - By PAUL M’GINNIS. overcome this is‘to stay up late at night. air “short circuits’ the listener must wait until ionized, air. 5 A station in the Central States may be heard well on the Pacific Coast while it is unable to push through the ionized atmosphere of the Eastern States, as shown in the accompanying illustration. There is a perfod just after dusk { value. night. Must Dodge the Sun to'Get| The sun and radio do not get along well together. One way to Another way is to use super- power stations strong enough to push programmes through the sunlight. The explanation for the effect of sunlight 1s that the air becomes! wil] be. ionized when the'sun is shining and, becoming a better conductor, tho the broadcast wave to the ground. For this reason 6 air cools and the effects of sunshine disappear at night if he wishes to hear distant stations, or the trans- mitting stations must send out waves strong enough to penetrate the in which distant stations come through from the West with good The next best time to-listen for them is after eleven o'clock at The super-power stations which SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 23, 1924 ROADCA 8 STING. STATION wee The sun initerferes with ‘good radio reception. The be: Distance are now being constructed and tested secretly, may bring Califor- nia well within the range of the| Scaall receiver, It is uncertain yet, however, how popular such stations High power, such as that used/ by CKAC of Montreal, Canada, and some other station which, at this RADIO IS A HELP TO DISABLED a forty-five volt plate potential, or on a set using small tubes. If the speaker is to operate on a set Ue- livering large plate current it must be of the large type, and if the smaller instrument is used it will produce distortion and will do the receiver an injustice. In connecting a loud speaker to the'set it must be done with the right polarity combination. The permanent magnet in the speaker has a fixed field, and the current which passes through the field colls from the set must be in the right direction, otherwise it will produce a bucking electromagnetic field and the speaker will not function well. Regardless of the excellence of the loud-spe: “tng unit itself, tn- less the horn 1 designed according to correct acoustic principles and bas ample proportions, the full fect of the signal will be lost. s pp a ey Receiving Set: the next two are the audi quency amplifiers. The aerial coupler, and the two radio frequency transformers are. wound to the same electrical con- stants. They should be wound on bakelite tubes, three inches in diameter, for the secondaries, which have sixty-three turns of twenty-four gage silk covered wire. The primaries, which have ten turns, are wound on slightly smaller tubes, which fit snugly in- side the larger tubes. The second- aries of the transformers are ting station 8-XAV, of Washington, in aiding wrecking trucks. Several “trouble The experimental radio transmit~ his D. C., has been put to a unique use shooting” automobiles have been equipped with radio re- ceivers, and when they are work- ing outside the city, radio messages are transmitted to them from head. quarters. -The trucks are dsed for repairing both electric power and light lines as well as keeping the street cars in operation: Freqfently after a big storm, tt is necessary to move them from place to place on’ short notice, Un- Ul recefitly it was difficult to reach them, but with the new radio re- celvers, {t is possible for the chief redirectel + zh-\|- 9o+ a ’ y trapped about twelve turns rrom stid end, for nection to the neu! ing congeners mentioned above. -y i t The primary, of the coupler is wound with ten turns of twenty gage wire if the set is to be used on an average size aerial of 100 feet length, Under certain condi of low capacity aerials more turns are needed. The operation of the neutrodyne receiver fs more critical than other common circuits. The three dials must be turned to approximately tor. WA FADLT— 1 SHoud ANE KNOW PETTERS Uy DID 1 EveR SEND HIM. on European powers and the ad-| ministration knows that all too well. | When the ‘last arrgs conference w }hela in Wast n, Premier Briand | | told th rid how France regarded | is curity obsts of France, This is still the nst American entry into cussions of land armament Coolidge-Hug .dministration ing scrupulously to keep out @ question of land armament and| of European parleys about frontic |virtually killed all chance of even|sectrity, offensive and ensive | discussing the question in the same | alll and all the other intricate conference with naval reduction. | po problems that are “wrapped The ican comm n was re-| up in the debate on whether npelled to agree to that or small stanc & con-| tained fo prevent another Europ and the | war, troy over reparat The American government is deep- y that is about all aid at the moment. Should a conference be called, America would accept an invitation to be present and would lend a help- ing hand at every turn to make the conference a success but a nation which ‘eschows European problems can not, it is felt by the highest government officials, enter into the nd armament question without being inconsistent aud doing the - POWER LINES electriclan to communicate with working crews, where they are, since the chaut- feurs listen in when the trucks are out of a job. Messages are sent by radio phone on short wave lengths between 80 and 150 meters, and the trucks are no matter wherever the chief desires. way no emergencies aris cannot be coped with almost imme- diately. Station 3-XAV is equipped with a 100-watt tube set, used for C.W., or phone work. it is planned to fit radio receivers to all fifty motor “hurry-up” wagons in the interest of efficient service. Experiments with the set have enabled the operators to communt- cate with amateurs in Louisiana, Ohio, Maine and man ern stations. Eventually, the same settings of the variable: -condensers to reach the reasonant point. Amplifying tubes of the 201-A type are. recommended for the radio frequency and audio fre- quency circuits. and a gas-content tube of the 200 type for the detec- With this arrangement the filament current consumption will be about two amperes. rent load may quarters of an a) e decreased three- pere by using an- other 201-A tube for the detector. Results with this combina of a large radio corporation. are as follows: “1. Truly national broadcasting? facilities musi first be created and broadcasting transmission as well as reception must be developed to a point where the at will meet every requirement made upon it. The radio industry, the wire com- munication interests ‘an dother ele- ments, are now developing such facilities. “The permanent operation and maintenance of such facilities are assured by the fact of self interest, if for no other reasons. The radio industry, on its own account, must support the broadcasting facilities it bas created if the industry is to survive; the local station will con- tinue in every instance -where its establishment is based upon the fundamental fact of community self-expression; and it is not un- mobilized In this which iy other East likely that other elements wilt develop revenue producing methods How Connections Are Made in 5-Tube Neutrodyne Mevtralizing Conk Set functions well on an outdoor antnena, and may be used with an in- door loop. The loop aerial is connected to the ground and antenna binding posts and tuned with a variable con- denser. nerally found to be satisfactory. If the coils are mounted at the zero coupling angle little or no diff. ficulty will be encountered in bel- ancing out the feed-back effects by means of the adjustable condensers, Forty-five volts should be used on the radio-frequency circuits, twenty- two and one-half yolts on the detec tor, and ninety volts on the audio frequency amplifier. An extre grid bias should be provided for the audio amplifiers, using a four and one-half volt “C” battery connected as shown, The cur- tion al hinks Industry Will Pay for Programme Private enterprises can afford to pay for broadcasting in the future } 88 they are doing at present, ier ee to David Sarnoff, vice-president @ states: “The factors, in my opinion, that will shape the solution of how a Permanent broadcasting programme is to be organized and writing, is unid¢ntified, may cause too much inter tence to he toler- ated near cities where stations are plentiful and programmes are good. In small towns and rural communt- ties, the cause of the powerful station is being championed, and the Government is giving rural listeners serious consideration. id for for the radio broadcasting facilities. “2. The radio industry must. se- cure the co-operation of the estab- lished elements that have long served our national culture in order that the air may carry the supreme music, education and entertain- ment of the country. “In other words, I do not belfeve that the radio and broadcasting in- terests of the United States should attempt to develop an operatic or ganization comparable to the one or two national institutions that already exist. I do not believe that it is either practically or econom- . ically sound .to organize for exclu- sive use through the air such su- ‘preme musical achievements as are now represented ‘n the Philar- monic, the Boston, Philadelphia, San Francisco or other great or- chestras. I belleve that the great colleges of the country should direct the educational pi mmes. broadcast by radio, and! that: the co-operation of established news organizations should be suoght for the broadcasting under itable conditions of such facts as well heighten the inter-~ in current “y events fully treateu in the news- papers. “3. It should be the self-imposed duty of the radio industry to sup- port financially the distribution ‘upon a national scale not only those elements of the radio programme contributed by public and educa- tional interests, but to organize a system of payment for such talent as may be necessary to secure a well-balanced programme. The” problem, I recognize, may involve a distinction between commercial and’ non-commercial broadcasting sta- tions, between broadcasters repre- senting the. industry and broad- casters representing the community or private interests.” a Room Conditions May Affect Reception The position of the radio set oc- cupies in a room sometimes effects the efficiency, especially in dis- tance reception. If the cabinet. is on a table located near a steam, radiator or other metal, or if the aerial lead is parallel to absorbing material, the signal strength is Aiiected. The difference is. re- markable sometimes when the set is moved to anather part of the room or house. be ee He Uses Modern Means 1GO UP AND WATCH HIN, 1 WANNA PUT TAIs SET AWAY-No vety thing the administration in its just as ald the United States in the conference, while regarded as pre- recent campaign promised not to do.| naval Conference. mature because Europe has hardly The president and secretary of The limitation of aircraft building, | digested the Dawes plan for > stato look, therefore, for Europe to| submarines and other new weapons | nomic reform, especlang on oe take the initiative. If Europe wants | of war are, of course, related vitally tions, is looked up nm as a healt the conference held in Washington, America probably would gladly con- sent, but there is a feeling that ‘the place for the next armament con- ference {s in the country which’ has’ the largest army and which must come forward with a program to which other nations can subscribe Renewed to the land armament problem. Washington conference was nearly wrecked by the conflict of opinion about submarines and the delicacy. of that question alone much more complicated is the mat- ter of military strength generally. discussion of an illustrates how The | sign of the times. But before reduc- tion of armament gets into, the realm of tangibility, there are other eco- nomic problems that will become involved in the discussion, Ameri: has declined to discuss inter-allied debts in relation to the soney owed to the United States by France and arms Ee eee oe other allies. Inter-allied debts stand ut as the big unsettled problem of Europe. W out of the way L prog yment arranged, powe: themselves would for nomic reasons, if for no other, be interested in scaling down the military budgets. It is considered here, therefore, as a European prob- lem in most every phase and the policy of the administration 1s the ve in Buropean Auestions come from Europe,