The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, April 23, 1931, Page 2

PRESERVATION PLAN EXPECTED 10 BOOST FOOD VALUE, PRICE Process Is Invention of T. L. Swenson, Department of Agriculture Expert SHELLS ARE MADE AIR-TIGHT Eggs Are Dipped in Mineral Oil Solution, Which Fills Up . Pores in Shells Washington, April 23—(?)—A year of depression in the egg market has brought out a new preserving process which is expected to increase the food value and price of storage eggs. The process is the invention of T. L. Swenson, bacteriologist in the de- partment cf agriculture. x It is simply a matter of dipping eggs into a colorless, odorless and tasteless mineral oil in an air-tight chamber, then pumping out some of the air to create a partial vacuum. Some air escapes from the eggs al- so. Swenson then turns carbon dio- xide into the vessel. The eggs, once ore surrounded by gases at normal pressure, draw some of the oil into the pores of the shell to form a com~ ete seal. : PiCarbon dioxide probably is carried in with the oil, which accounts for the marked improvement in quality said to follow its use. The appearance of vacuum-dipped eggs when opened after 10 months in storage compares favorably with that of a 2-day-old egg, Swenson says. Tt is the loss of moisture and car- on dioxide, he explains, which re- duces the weight and eet eal ality of eggs in storage an a sults af Tower prices for them. When the pores in the shell of an egg are sealed by the Swenson process the egg loses only one-tenth of one per cent of weight in 10 months. ‘Only 30 per cent of open-dipped eggs fall into the special and extra grades after 10 months, whereas vacuum-oiled eggs are said to average 46 per cent. Since 12 per cent of the total an- nual egg production goes into stor- age, the possible benefit of the new process is apparent. Storage operations exert a large in- fluence on prices, because eggs now are not carried over from one stor- age season to another. They move into storage during March, April, May, June and July, at the season of peak production, and out of storage during the other months. If the new process which Swenson believes can be installed for com- mercial uses at nominal prices, were to improv2 the food value of storage eges, and consequently their ultimate price, it is considered probable that | producers might be paid a higher price in the spring. FARMERS T0 GROW HEALTHIER CHICKS Poultry Raisers in 15 Counties Are Enlisted in Project Spon- sored by A. C. Eighty-seven North Dakota poultry raisers in 15 counties are listed in a “Grow Healthy Chicks” project being conducted by the extension service of the agricultural college under the di- rection of F. E. Moore, poultry spe- cialist. The work was begun in 1930 and is being developed this year to imclude approximately 100 poultry raisers of the state. Through observance of six funda- mental rules of successful poultry raising it is expected that these poul- try raisers will practically eliminate ‘all baby chick losses due to disease and parasites, and at the same time serve to demonstrate to their neigh- bors the value of careful management methods. By reducing chick mor- tality and producing only healthy birds, the cooperators in the project are effectively lowering the cost of prodiicing poultry. Counties in which the poultry co- operators are located include Adams, Billings, Benson, Barnes, Burleigh, Cavalier, Dickey, Golden Valley, Grant, Grand Forks, Morton, Ramsey, Richland, Walsh and Wells. The six points in growing healthy chicks, as listed by Mr. Moore, have strict sanitation as their basis. “Chicks should be obtained from par- ent stock which are visibly free from disease, should be hatched early, kept in clean brooder houses, placed on clean ground which has not been used, by poultry for two years, given clean feed in hoppers or boxes, and should be given clean management mettiods,” he says. | T. L. Swenson, department of agriculture bacteriologist, processing eggs in his new apparatus for oiling eggs under vacuum. ABRI By WM. E. McKENNEY | Secretary American Bridge League | The probable tricks that a hand | can contain at a suit declaration | come under three classifications. | 1—Quick tricks. 2—Probable finessing values. | 3—Long or low card tricks, | When a hand contains a five-card | suit headed by ace, king, queen, it} should be rated as five probable tricks if played in that suit. By’subtracting | the five trump held from the total of 13 trump, you arrive at eight, the number of trump left to be divided in the other three hands. A normal dis- tribution of these trump is three, and queen will pick up the outstand- ing three trump and your two re- maining trump are good for two tricks. If you held a trump suit of five cards headed by ace, king, you should value it as four probable tricks. The ace and king would pick up two of the outstanding trump, your third trump would lose to the queen, and you would -be left with two good trumps. the number of probable trump tricks should be estimated for the declar- er’s hand. Until the bidding indicates an un- favorable distribution, we always as- sume that the trumps are evenly di- vided. Therefore the remaining trumps which are left in your hand after you have picked up or forced jout the declarer’s trump, are called | long cards or low card tricks. jcard suit always has two long card’ tricks and on the same basis a six- card suit should be counted on for | three long card tricks. It is rather difficult to estimate the probable trick value of a four-card j suit as the fourth card, due to un- —A Series Explaining the Contract Bridge System— three, two, therefore your ace, king | This is the basis upon which | A five- | DGE favorable distribution, may not prove a card trick, but as the top hon- or Wwe additional strength as quick tricks, we are safe in valuing our hand to assume that even the fourth card of a four-card suit should be a probable trick. When we hold a solid established suit in trump, every card is counted as a probable trick, but when the trump suit is not established, the top cards may only be count ~ for their face value, e. g., @ five-card suit | headed by ace, king, queen is rated as five probable tricks, while a five- card suit headed by king, queen, jack can only be counted as four ible tricks as one of the three ‘op honors must be used to force out. the ace. Additional values of one-half prob- able tricks are given to all finessing combinations in trump, such as ace, jack, 10; king, jack, 10, or ace, king, Jack. Long cards in side suits are not counted as probable trick winners unless the trump suit is sufficiently long dnd strong to insure complete control of the hand, e. g., you hold: Spades—A-K-Q-10-10-10 Hearts—5 Diamonds—7 Clubs—A-K-Q-10-10. The long spade trump suit is strong enough to insure control ofthe hand, and therefore’ the club suit can be counted for five probable tricks which would give us 11 probable tricks in this hand. : The probable trick value of side suits should be based on high card tricks plus the additional advantage of possible finessing values, e. g., ace, jack, 10 in side suits should be valued as one and one-half probable tricks. (Copyright, 1931, NEA Service, Inc.) plans indicating 3,680,000 acres for harvest in 1931 as against 3,394,000 in 1930 would result in a large crop ot 423 million to 434 million ‘ushels. This would be greater than any crop in the last 12 years except 1922 and 1928, both years of unusually low prices.” 176,075 Tractors Were Made in 1930 Washingten, D. C., April 23.—The Bureau of the Census announces that, according to returns received to date in the annual canvass of manufac- turers of farm equipment and relat- ed products, the total production of tractors of the wheeled type (not in- cluding yarden tractors) in 1930 amounted to 176,075, valued at $123,- 291,346; of garden tractors, 5,711, valued 1t $986,966; of combines (har- vester-threshers), 24,400, valued at $32,738,500; and of threshers, 900, valued at $7,407,000. These figures, as compared with those for 1929, repre- sent heavy decreases for the three large items and a smaller decrease ior garden tractors. Music Contests Set | For Casselton Friday | pargo, N..D., April 23.—(P)—A defi- nite trend toward formation of musi- cal groups is noted in music activities in the Cass county schools, it is point- ed out by Miss Ethel Evingson, chair-. man of music-contests to be conduct- ed Friday at Casselton. The contests will be held under’ the auspices of the Cass county school league of which 8. E, Esser, Kindred school superintendent, is president. Casselton, Kindred, Amenia, Gard- ner, and Erie bands will compete. There will-be 1,327 children par- ticipating. THE MAN SOME DAY WILL LIVE FOR 200 YEARS, | PHILOSOPHERS TOLD: Insurance Firm Official Points Out Normal Span Was 35 Years in 1791 Philadelphia,.. April 23—(#)—Man’s chance to live 200 years was discussed Thursday at thé opening of a 'three- | day session of the American Philoso- Phical soojety here. | He may expect soon,-it was assert- ed, to add 10 more years so that the majority of us live to 70, present medical science may later cazty the average to 90, but beyond that lies a barrier—ignorance. The beginnings of a knowledge that may lift this barrier were described by Lee K. Frankel, second vice presi- dent of the Metropolitan Insurance company. “I am making a conservative state- ment,” he said, “when I say that there is no evidence at this moment that human life may be prolonged be- yond its- presumed - Biological limits. All the evidence indicates that man, like other animals, lives an allotted time. All that-has’ been done thus far has been to save the wasteage of life at the younger ages. “Yet we must remember that man differs from other animals in that he is a reasoning being. Certairi insects lve a day. The elephant lives 200 years. These animals adapted them- selves to their environment. Man has not only adapted himself to his en- vironment, but in many instances has conquered ib. How far this may go no one can tell. . “Certain significant researches in the recent past should be mentioned. They are at least suggestive.” Mr. Frankel summarized them as child’s evidence that agirg 1 most rapid in youth but slows dowr: there- after, Carrell’s belief, that a man’s years bear “no definite relation to his real age,” Crilé’s artificial and partly living cell, chicken ‘hearts kept alive 20 years in glass dishes, this spring’s announcement at.Johns Hop- kins that rats fed on diet free from mineral manganese lose affection for eir young. Nobody, he said, wants to live to be 200 if old age means merely senility. ‘Whether it necessarily means that, he ted, science will find out per- haps in the next 50 years by cutting the illness rate in two, Then perhaps man will face “a céntury of unim- paired usefulness,” with @ quick, hap- py ending. ‘Mr. Frankel quoted a +40-year-old report to this same- American Philoso- phical society showing that in 1791 man’s average life was about 35 years. Today he said the average expecta- tion is 60, and it will rise to 70 “if we can further reduce the’ incidence of transmissible diseases.” /Heimdal Girls Sew" -. 167 New Garments Editor's Note: This is the first in wih of five stories dealing ie “Famous Ten Centuries.” pipiens The last Bourbon ruler hi - | cated. Alfonso XIII of Spain is kin no more, and for the-first time in several centuries no Bourlén now holds a scepter of power. ‘The history of the house of Bour- bon can be traced back to the days of the Crusaders—1000 years ago. About the beginning of the 17th cen- tury, @ Bourbon became king of France and during the next two cen- turiés members of this royal lineage were absolute monarchs of most of what is now France, Spain and Italy. Rien mae of the French evolution mar! the the decline in Bourbon mines any were finally driveh from the thrones in Frarice and Naples, and after 1860, it was only in Spain that the Bour- bons remained as monarchs. And now like the Hohenzollerns in Germany, the Romanoffs in Russia and the Hapsburgs in Austria, the Spanish Bourbons have been swept from the throne by the wave of de- mocracy that came in the wake of the World war. It was the destiny of Alfonso XIII, born a king in 1886, the posthumous son of the short-lived Alfonso XII, to be king in an age when many thrones crashed—in marked contrast to the. days when his ancestors ruled with unquestioned authority. * * *& From the time of the first of the line, Aimar the Crusader, 10 centuries ago, the Bourbons were caught in the swirl of intrigues, wars and counter. wars, assassinations. Some were de- throned and regained their thrones. Others met violent death. Some were wise rulers; some were cruel or stupid. All played @ big part in history from bist ninth century until the present e. Henry IV, first Bourbon king of France, ruled wisely and well—and died ingloriously with a knife in his back. Under the Louis Kings who followed Henry absolute monarchy was established in France. The power of the ruler was supreme. The feudal system controlled the masses until | their condition became so deplorable the French revolution was inevitable. Louis XVI, a Bourbon, died under the guillotine with that great per- sonality, Queen Marie Antoinette. Then for 11 years no Bourbon was on the throne, but after the three-year reign of Napoleon, Louis XVIII, brother ‘of the executed ruler, was made king. Through a succession of abdications and _ restorations the French line ended with Louis Philippe Four of the 18 members of the Just Sew 4-H Clothing club of Helmdal in ‘Wells county did all of their own sew- ing in 1930 and the'rest of tne girls in the club did most of theirs, be- sides helping their mothers wiih sew- ing. The girls made 167 new gar- ments, remodeled 35 pieces of cloth- ing, made 35 useful articles for their homes and darned 570 pairs cf hose. ‘When the club began its work in 1926 only one of the girls could sew. ‘According to Miss Edna Somier- feld, 4-H clothing specialist of the Agricultural college extension rervice, the club has completed four jcars of clothing work and has now split into two clubs to enable the older girls to take up a project in home furnishing. While important, the actual teach- ing of sewing is but one phase of the activities of 4-H clothing clubs, she says. The training received in plan- ning expenditures, opportun- ity for the development of initiative, and the experience gained in selecting clothing styles and fabrics, are other important values gained through-club work. - Joseph B. Springer, Chicago city ysician, has performed more than phy 28,000 autopsies. WHUT ? You! HAN ‘CUFFED. CONNECTION EVROPE A DETECTIVE, WITH YOUR PRISONER WHY, THAT OONT LooH’ UKE HAN'COFFS — THAT Loos MORE LIKE A LONG DISTUNCE RE \ \ % You ? | A with Tu TH’ Guy WHO Bie ps | OUT OUR WAY By Williams | Yj PASTA GO'N GIT * PLEECE: WAGON * HALL HIM IN, “TOO- sw RIL LAN t THE LAW. e100: ov aaa in 1848 when the Third Republic was BISMARCK TRIBUNE, THURSDAY, APRIL 23, 1931 acuum-Seal for Storage Eggs Hints at Hig ati | | By MILTON BRONNER Dethroned Alfonso Is Last of Roy: roclaimed. The Spanish branch of the Bour- her Prices Famous Bourbons 7 Ten Centuries Copyright, 1931, NEA: Service, Inc. Aimar, Devout But Fighting Crusader bons started with Philip Vin 1700. It has continued without a breek up to the abdication of Alfonso, ‘The third branch of the family— now extinct—was the Neapolitan line, rulers of the kingdom of Naples. It started in 1759 with Charles III, later king of Spain, and ended in 1860 when Naples was incorporated .into rapidly growing Italy and Francis II abdicated. Mi The beginnings of the House of Bourbon are obscured in the black fog of the Dark Ages. Certain it is that Aimar was the founder. He lived in the town’ of Bourbon ]'Arch- ambault in Central France, from which the house takes its name. A pious youth, he early sought solace in religion and after years of study became a bishop. History would not have recorded him if he had not been such a devout man. ‘When the crusades to the Holy Land started, his sympathies were aroused. Then Bishop of Puy en Velay, he received with interest reports of the progress of the Christian armies against the infidel Turks who con- trolled Palestine. He was not a fight- ing man, @ soldier, but he accom- panied Raymond IV, count of Toul- ouse, to the Holy Land as an apostolic. delegate of this crusade, only to later ‘become.a real military leader, It was a tedious expedition,” across” Central Europe through to Greece, then & voyage to Palestine. Enthusiastic and hopeful that the crusaders would reach their goal, he looked forward to seeing gallant armies ready to march against the Turks and their Saracen allies. He was bitterly disappointed. The combined armies were demor- alized.. There was no organization, no discipline. Leaders were few and weak. It looked like a hopeless case. ‘There seemed no way out. But Aimar was @ man of vast energy and re- source. His keen mind penetrated to the very core of the problem. ~ 2 * ® One day he appeared before the leaders. Eloquently he pleaded with them to heed his counsel. And at last he prevailed. He laid before them a plan for es- tablishing discipline, the one great factor needed for the success of any army. His enthusiasm was con- tagious. They caught his spirit. The armies were before Antioch, stoutly defended by the infidels. Half- hearted had been the attacks. Aimar brought vigor. : His succes in bringing discipline out of choos was extraordinary. Within @ few weeks he had a well-trained army, working together as a unit. His fame was returned to Bourbon l’Arch- al Bourbons Whose Line Dates Back Ten Centuries to, IN ‘DAYS OF OLD, WHEN KNIGHTS WERKE BULD—The fa- mous Mourbon family, which enaea its royal line with King Alfonso’s ab- baton germs to the time of the rusaders. ese pictures show how knights 0; the middle ates appearea an opponent's lance. ambault and he was proclaimed a baron—the Baron of Bourbon. He planned, the army attacked. Fiercely they fought then, using the stratagems he had devised. Success seemed probable. Outposts of the city were taken. Progress was mado Suddenly Aimar became ill. The stege of Antioch was raised. Intothe tents of the Crusaders came the dreadful report that Aimar suffered from the plague and that death was inevitable. £ He was buried on foreign soil. But the line he started lived on, carrying with it traditions of gallantry and ability to face danger. He was a fit- ting ancestor for all the Bourbons, In the years after his death, up through the Dark Ages, his name was @ legend which inspired other Bour- bons to carry on. His descendants included John of Burgandy, Charles, constable of France, and Antoine de Bourbon, who as king of Navarre es- tablished the royal line in 1554. His son, Henry, first king of Na- varre, later became Henry IV, first Bourbon ruler of France, and started the dynasty which for nearly five centuries controlled the thrones of leading European powers. Friday:..How Henry IV became the first Bourbon king of France. TOWER GARDE: SOIL MUST BE WELL PREPARED BEFORE FIRST SEED OR BULB IS PLANTED By D. VICTOR LUMSDEN Bureau of Plant Industry, U. S. De- partment of Agriculture Soil moisture is usually the factor which determines just when we can start preparing for spring planting. A sandy soil which is well drained can be’ plowed or spaded a week or more before a heavy clay will be ready to work. Here is a simple test: Compress a handful of soil and drop it. If the ball of soil falls apart it is safe to start turning and cultivating. If you can obtain stable manure to turn under with your soil it makes a valuable addition. Manure not only adds plant food to the soil but | ough lightens the soil and puts it in a more friable condition. For general use, cow or horsé ma- nure can be applied at the rate of 10 to.12 pounds per square yard. Spread it over the garden and turn it under to incorporate it with the soil. Because of the scarcity of stable manure, many now use garden peat to lighten the soil and improve its texture. This does not add much mental plants, a combination of peat and commercial fertilizers may be as concerns and used strictly according to directions, For general fertilizing of flowering one containing 4 parts nitrogen, 12 parts phosphoric acid and 4 parts potash, applied at the rate of 4 pounds per 100 square feet, is a favorite. Remember, however, that commer- cial fertilizers should never come in direct contact with the leaves, stems, or roots of plants. These fertilizing mixtures are in concentrated form Pulverize the Soil After.the manure or peat is.in- corporated: into the soil bya thor- spading or plowing, rake the soll thoroughly to pulverize it’and to level the surface. Rake the soil while it is still moist or it will be difficult to break up the lumps, i ‘When the.peat replaces the manure for organic matter it is best to the commercial fertilizer that is into the top 3 or 4 inches of soil spading, ‘and during the level EF =e BRSE 5 ® Stolen Machine Gun Recovered by Police CONTINUED DRYNESS ee) Weather Bureau Makes Report on Soil Conditions in Spring Wheat Area Washington, April 23.—()—Con- tinued dryness, attended by high winds, were said by the weather bu- mental” to the crop in the spring mental” crop e spr! wheat belt. ‘i Soil blowing, necessitating reseed- ing, was most serious last. week in Minnesota, but rather general rain- fall at the close of the period has helped to relieve the situation in the belt except.in the extreme west where conditions still are acutely dry. The bureau said general, moderate to heavy rains over the central trans- mississippi area were timely and fa- vorable. The western Ohio valley was ‘benefitted although more moisture is needed in the eastern part. ‘The cold. wave over the week-end brought freezing temperatures to northern Texas, but there was no ap- parent injury to staple crops. In the Pacific northwest, however, frost did considerable damage to soft fruits. Continued dry, windy ther was detrimental to grains-and ranges in California. Conditions generally were favorable for winter wheat. ‘The Texas cotton crop was late and SAID ‘DETRIMENTAL’, in only fair condition. In other sec- Wing Students Will Present Senior Play, Wing, N. D., April 23.—Preparations for presentation of the annual senior play by members of the graduating class‘of the Wing high school are be- ing made here under the direction of Miss Marie McGinnis, principal. : The production, to be ited. May 15, is a mystery play . entitled “Drums of Death,” to 4 is declared be unusual in the tment of the Plot and its solu hearsais are way Rel . and Miss McGinnis says she is much encouraged by the progress made. Washington Building Is Razed by Flames Washington, April 23. “A four= story ‘building in the downtown busi- ness section was destroyed by fire early Wednesday, but efforts to pre- vent the spread of flames. through closely-packed adjoining structures were successful, Four firemen were overcome by smoke while fighting the blaze. About 100 guests in a nearby hotel were or- dered to. the streets for safety, but that building was not damaged and they returned to their rooms before daylight. Stout Women Learn Easy Way Table Tells How Much Women and If you're fat—tirst re- move the cause! a 2 xu a o a “ e eB lrets tad: or Girls Should Weigh. % [= [#1153] “To Lose 20 Pounds of Fat and Age This Taha Tels West Weigh be ttoer Cotes sad Toe [sa [$s [54 [ss [os Tos [es] aot eg¢ksed ceorMmhs auctte ane ReMw oom ~ ee aioe ore ep wee Ste ee Ph