The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, March 5, 1931, Page 4

THE BISMARCK TRIBUNE An Independent Newspaper THE STATE'S OLDEST NEWSPAPER = (Establighed 1873) Published by The Bismarck Tribune Company, Bis- marck, N. D., and entered at the postoffice at Bismarck ‘@s second cles mail matter. George D. Mann .............. President and Publisher § Subscription Rates Payable in Advance Daily by carrier, per year .........6 Daily by mail per year (in Bismarck) Daily by mail per year (in ctate, outside Bismarck) ... Daily by mail outside of North Dakota ‘Wecxly by mail tn state, per year .. ‘Weekly by mail in state, three years . ‘Weekly by mail outside of North Dakota, - 150 Weekl7 Sy mai) in Canada. per year .... Member Audit Bureas of Circulation Member of The Associated Press The Assoctated Press is exclusively entitled to the use tor republication of all news dispatches credited to it or Bot otherwise credited tn this newspapes and also the local news of spontaneous origin published herein Al) Tights of republication of all other matter herein are also reserved. (Official City, State and County Newspaper) | Foreign Representatives SMALL, SPENCER é& LEVINGS (Incorporated) Formerly G. Logan Payne Co. CHICAGO NEW YORK BOSTQN The Perfect Man Members of the Clothing Designers’ Executive associa- tion of New York City have selected John Tempre as/ the perfect man—and we wonder, | Tempre is 28 years old; single; five feet and eight! inches tall; has a 36-inch chest; 17! inch sleeve and) weighs 138 pounds. He was selected from among somc; 300 candidates as the model figure for men’s clothing} and his picture has been sent throughout the country} for use by such newspapers as have room for it. It was good advertising, of course, for all of us are interested in perfection, but we wonder how many per-| sons will agree with the tailors on their specifications. Tempre doubtless is an estimable person but, some- how, we turn up our noses when we read his specifica- tions and see him labelled as perfect. He differs too i | Mecided that the instructions of their father not to sell { ment, big business when he attacks these restrictions, If any. one sees the seamy side of business it is the man ‘wht does the collecting in the wake of the salesman. His judgment is by no means final but it is worth con- whigh business seems to be so afraid. Joseph Pulitzer’s New York World, which has been merged with the Telegram, has had an illustrious career. It has been a militant foree for good in city and national politics, and an intrepid defender of the rights of the people as its publisher saw them. With the death of Pulitzer and the demise of several of the men who made the World a great newspaper, the old} i fighting spirit declined. Its management became more! or less routine, with only flashes now and then of the old |fire. The genius of the elder Pulitzer was not in his |sons, only one of whom has his flair for successful news- sidering. i Perhaps we really have outgrown these enactments of | New York Worlda Memory | Paper building. That one is publishing the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, profitably operated and faithful to the} traditions of its founder. i Few newspapers which have lost their indentity have! been so mourned as the World. It held an unusual and! unique place in the affections of its readers, but it could | hot live on the code of ethics established by its fighting founder; nor did a glorious past meet the weekly “bills. | 't had lost more than three millions before the sons must be ignored and the terms of the will upset to vrotect the estate itself. Not so long ago the Chicago Post, a newspaper which | made a special appeal, passed into other hands. Present | day demands and competition unheard of in the days of | the elder Pulitzer force publishers to revolutionize meth- ods and policies. In New York, for instance, The World) once was considered rather sensational in the develop-| ment of news, but today its methods judged by present) standards, are exceedingly conservative. The elder Pulit- | zer had a vigorous manner in news and editorial treat- but then came Hearst with newer and more strenuous touches. Following Hearst boomed the noisy and flamboyant tabloids which found a ready sale in an age which moves much faster than when the elder; Pulitzer directed the policies of his newspaper. His sons; found that they had lost the old World field. Its eireul-| ation declined. The clientete to which it appealed was captured by such newspapers as the Times arm Herald-| much from the heroes of romance whom most of us, unconsciously at least, keep in our mind's eyes as ae acme of perfection. i Whoever heard of a hero rescuing a lady from the; clutches of a real villain when that hero boastea only} @ 36-inch chest? How could any conscientious author tell | how his hero felled the rascal with a mighty wallop—/ and then recite that the hero had only a 17's-inch sleeve?! No, the perfect man of the average individual, man) or woman, must have more heighth, weight and breadth/ than Mr. Tempre appears to have. He is the perfect man but no mention is made of his; teeth, eyes or hair. What woman could regard a man =| physically perfect if there were even the faintest sus-| Picion that he had watery eyes, a crooked nose or spaggly teeth. Probably Mr. Tempre has none of these disad- vantages, but we'd like to be sure before we accept the tailors’ judgment. j We would like to know something of his manners,| morals and disposition, even if Mr. Tempre had the phy-} sique and appearance of an Adonis, before we cast a ballot. | There are many who recite the old saying “Handsome! is as handsome does” with some emphasis, and th> Chris-| tian churches have been teaching for 1900 years that| perfection of the mind and spirit is more to be desired! . than perfection ot the body. | Of course we should not forget that Mr. Tempre was) chosen by the tailors for a specific purpose. Undoubted-) ly, he serves that purpose—the business of showing off! men’s clothes—as well as anyone has a right to expect. | Eut, at the same time we admit it hardly would be kind to call him a tailor's dummy, we insist that they | may have overlooked a lot of things in making their| selection or in wording their label. Tribune. There was nothing else for the sons to do; but merge it with the New York newspaper most caz- able of operating the World along the lines laid down by the founder who was one of America’s greatest journalists. Editorial Comment printed below show the trend of thought editors. They are published without regard agree or disagree with The Trib- une's policies. The Northwest’s Stake in the. Oleo Bill (Minneapolis Journal) There can be no question where the stake of the north- west lies with regard to the adoption of the bill now pending before the United States senate which would} Place its dairy farmers on a basis of equality with the oleomargarine manufacturers producing what amounts to a synthetic butter colored with palm oil. The Townsend bill, now before the senate, corresponds to the Brigham bill just passed by the house, where a fight was made to get it out of a committee after all arrangements had apparently been made for its chloro- forming. It provides a tax on yellow oleomargarine. The rate is fixed at 10 cents a pound. This tax will have the effect of compelling the sale of oleomargarine for what it really is. Here is a matter touching the welfare of every town and city and every resident of the northwest since it is Editor by othe: 10 whether they an effort to check the unfair competition the dairying| W. industry has had imposed upon it by the oleomargarine manufacturing industry. The oleomargarine product colored with palm oil, ad- mitted duty free, duplicates the appearance of butter to such a marked degree that it is possible to serve it) as butter to consumers without their knowledge, since only analysis can establish the comparative nutrition values. Dr. McCollum, of Johns Hopkins university, one of{ Thousands of government experts are working constantly for the hene- fit of all citizens of the United States. They will work directly for you if you will call far the fruits of their labors through our Washington Bureau. State your inquiry briefly, write clearly, and, enclosing two-cent | stamp for a personal letter in reply, address the Bismarck Tribune Infor- mation Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q.. What is the greatest number of | horses that has run in one race? C. G. | A. In the Grand National Steeple- | chase at Liverpool, England. in 1929, | Valley use tom toms? If so, how are { the greatest number ran. There | were 66 competitors. | Q. In playing bridge should one) complete the cut, or merely cut the/| cards and let the dealer finish the cut? R. P. E. A. The laws of Auction Bridge And of Contract Bridge define the ‘cut in the same way. Law 12 (2) dealer, immediately before the deal, places the pack before his right hand op- Porient, who lifts off the top portion and places it beside the bottom por- tion dealer, who then places the bot- tom portion on top. @Q. How many soldiers in our Army | Gied of flu during the World war? W. | A. It is estimated that the deaths | from influenza numbered 17,000. Q. Upon what did people sleep in England before the introduction of beds? Z. F. A. In the time of the Normans, | revolt against the extravagance and | tyranny of the kings and nobles. In addition they had no adequate rep- 1esentation in the legislature. The taxes were heavy and in 1777 there Were as many as 1,250,000 beggars in France. Alarmed by the increasing signs of unrest in the country, the king and some of the nobles began to gather the army near Paris, This so enraged the people of Paris that | they stormed the Bastille on July 14, | 1789. This is regarded as the begin- ning of the Revolution. Q. Do the natives in the Amazon they made? M. D. C. A. The native tribes of the Ama- |zon Valley use the hollow log with | ends covered with skin and a plank of hard wood that is hit with a club or mallet. Drums of various sorts are ;common, and are known under the | | general heading of tom toms. They 4 j are used for ceremonies, dances, sig- rns who displayed that grace, soft- jMals, and such purposes. Q. How many coeducational col- jleges are there in the United States, and how many for women and for | men? F.M.S. A. The latest survey, that of 1927, | showed 400 coeducational institutions; 123 for women; and 119 for men. Q. What kind of an acid is used to polish glass? 8. J. A. The Bureau of Standards says tie effective constituent of the acid dip used in polishing glass is hydro- fluoric acid. The strength of the acid required depends on the nature of the surface and the composition of chests and benches were used for! the glass. beds. The bedding was kept inside. Q. When was irrigation first used bers of his family become dependent upon him for care or support, he may be discharged from the service of the United States. However, this will have to be taken up with the Bureau |of Navigation, Navy Department, Washington, D. C. | @. Do many Canadians who come | to the United States to live, change their minds and return to Canada? GP. A. Canadians who came to the United States to reside and who re- turned to Canada in 1930 declaring their intention of remaining perman- ently in that country numbered 31,- | 608 compared with 30,479 in 1929. Today Is the Anniversary of esa; | | ° ° CORREGGIO’S BIRTH | On March 5, 1494, Antonio Allegri Correggio, great Italian painter, was born at Correggio, a small town near Modena, from which the painter re-; ceived his name, He was the first among the mod- |ness of efiect and that combined ex- cellence of design, color taste and ex- | pression in which he is still unsur- | passed. His canvases are peculiarly |inapressive because of his wonderful |treatment of light and shade, of | which he was the greatest master | among Italians. { Almost before he had seen the! great masters, he became a master) in style all his own. He was the founder of what is called by some the Parma school of painting. | His best works are prized as highly; as those of the greatest masters and he is ranked with Michelangelo, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael and Ti- tian among the five most eminent} painters of Italy. His “Holy Night,” now in the Dresden Museum, is class- | | be served plain, without salt or dress- | i | fect on the lungs?” ‘ute’ iti the wérld’s most famous nutrition experts, declares that Cut-Throat Competition | the consumer, to get the same amount of vitamins con-| Many things happen during times of business tur-) tained in a pound of butter, must eat 30 pounds of oleo- moil and uncertainty, not the least of which is an analy-| margarine. This is an apparently authentic measure sis of the things which tend to help or hinder business! f the consumers’ interest. recovery. | The dairy producers’ interest, as far as the northwest F ‘ ;is concerned, hardly needs elaboration again. Oleomar- When everything is rolling along easily, troubles are! garine sales are cutting the Minnesota dairy producer's minimized and there is a tendency to overlook those| normal market approximately $150,000 a day. Every sec- things which are capable of doing harm. When the tion of this state, of North Dakota, South Dakota, Mon-; scene darkens and thunders begin to roll, however, the ee and Yeeonan must bear its proportionate share / attitude changes; business is pained and surprised to find) “4. the tarmer suffers from this competition, 20 must no storm shelters at hand. every interest dependent upon him suffer. There is no Although government and business are two different! town or hamlet, or no organization in the northwest, matters, the first kas a profound effect upon the latter.| that can afford to allow this situation to go unprotested. It is not surprising, therefore, to see an attack launched | ae peg rapilie aaneie on "ine Townsend. bill upon the Sherman-Clayton acts at this time. ; before it is too late. These, it will be remembered, are the laws prohibiting | The northwest will pay dearly if the measure, which combinations, trusts and mergers which are or may be| Means Hterally millions of dollars to its dairy interests, | in restraint of trade. They have been used as a threat me a | more often than a club in recent years. Nevertheless they are on the statute books and their presence there| gives business some anxious moments in these times when | A x = Dr. Stephen I. Miller, executive manager of the Na-| ly measures its total appropriations and establishes tional Association of Credit Men, scored them severely in| 4 Peace-time record A Ten Billion-Dollar Congress (Minneapolis Tribune) ed among the world’s 12 greatest pic- Q. By what process can handwrit- ures. ing greatly faded by age be made leg- ible? H. P. D. | in Arizona? McF. R. tures. A. It was used many centuries be- |fore the coming of the white man. ENCLOSE STAMPED Ai THE REDUCING DIET It is not hard to reduce the weight by dieting, and one may even lose as much as a half pound to a pound a day for a time without injury. Usual- ly, it is advisable to start a reducing diet with a fast, using either grape- fruit or tomato juice, as this will also have a cleansing effect on the system and bring about a marked improve- ment in all of the physical functions. Often, too, an apparent increase of energy will be noticed as the body be- comes free of its burden of toxins and avoirdupois, There may be marked mental improvement with a strength- ening of the willpower, and an in- creased ability to think clearly. Phy- sical culture exercise should not be used during the fasting period, but may be started as soon as the diet is; begun. The fast on grapefruit or tomato juice proves satisfactory for many, and may be taken for from five to ten days, using a glassful of the juice every two hours during the hours one is awake. While on this diet, and for use two enemas to assist in elimina- tion. The diet following this fasting regimen may be as follows: Breakfast: One egg, prepared in ‘any manner except by frying. Two or three slices of Melba toast. Choice of one of the following stew- ed dried fruit: Prunes, raisins, apri- cots, figs or pears, or baked apple or stewed applesauce. Between breakfast and lunch you should take a walk of a mile or two each day. - Lunch: Choice of one kind of the following acid fruits: Apples, apri- cots, pears, nectarines,.grapes, grape- fruit, lemons, plums, loquats, cherries, berries, pineapple or tomatoes. One glass of water. Or you may have this lunch: Choice of one or more of the fol- lowing cooked non-starchy vegetables: Celery, spinach, small string beans, asparagus, summer squash, cucum- ber, eggplant, pumpkin, beet tops, turnip tops, small beets, small car- rots, small parsnips, small turnips, lettuce, okra, chayotes, mallow, oys- ter plant (salsify), kale or zucchini. These vegetables must be cooked in plain water and seasoned with butter and a little salt when ready to serve. Choice of one or more of the fol- lowing salad vegetables: Celery, spin- | ach, asparagus, cucumber, parsley, small beets, small carrots, small par- | snips, small turnips, lettuce, oyster | Plant, mallow, nasturtium flowers | ond leaves, endive, ripe olives and avocados. These vegetables should, ing. Dinner: Choice of one of the fol- lowing protein foods: Beef, mutton, turkey, chicken, rabbit or fresh fish. eo er yA yg eG Nae nse a ae several days afterwards, it is good to, 10 ENVELOPE FOR REPLY JOORESSE: © 1926 MFCOY HEALTH SERVICE -LOS ANGELES- CAL: Eat lean meats only. Do not use more than one-quarter of a pound of meat, or an equal quantity of the other Dr. McCoy will gladly answer personal questions on health and diet addressed to him, care of The Tribune. Enclose a stamped addressed envelope for reply. protein foods, at each meal. Do not Icy these foods—broil, boil or bake. Choice of one or more of the cook- ed non-starchy vegetables listed for lunch. Also, choice of one or more of the raw salad vegetables listed for dunch. No dessert. You can reduce more slowly just by following this diet alone without the preliminary fast. To all those who are excessively overweight, I would advise the fasting regimen first. I inave seen this fasting and dieting re- gimen get results in thousands of cases, and I am sure you will find it satisfactory if you are overweight. QUESTIONS AND ASSWERS Diabetes Question:, Mrs. K. J. L. asks: “When diabetes has reached the stage where the removal of a toe has become necessary, and two other toes have become gangrenous, is there any helpful treatment or diet?” Answer: In addition to a correct fasting and dieting regimen it would be a good policy to bathe the affected foot alternately in hot and cold wa- ter. Have vessels of hot and cold water side by side and place the foot first in the hot water and then in the cold. This will stimulate the circu- Jation and issist in overcoming the tendency to gangrene. It would also be helpful if you could obtain actinic light treatments or sunbaths. Food Idiosyncrasies Question: Mrs. L. W. asks: “Is it true that certain people have per- sonal idiosyncrasies in regard to foods? I seem to have trouble with, tomatoes and canned pineapple even when taken with correct combina- tions.” Answer: Yes, many people seem to be poisoned by even small amounts of certain foods which are quite wholesome to the average person. A list of these foods would inélude al- most any known food. There seems to be some mental as well as a physi- cal factor in connection with this type of food poisoning. Sulphur Dioxide Gas Question: A. B. C. asks: “Can sul- phur dioxide gas have any serious ef- Answer: Sulphur dioxide gas is irritating to the lungs and sometimes predisposes one to tuberculosis. And sometimes saxophoning is a snoring type of noise. (Copyright, 1931, NEA Service, Inc.) poke | ‘Quotations If you begin to limit God then there | is no God. | —Billy Sunday. | * * o— * When men use evasive languages} and terms the assumption is they are | concealing thought. | —Martin J. Insull. ek x No one wants to see wage cuts come to pass. —H. T. Parson, president F. W. Wool- | worth Company. Riis Se iY | Early Spanish travelers found Indians f BARBS using water carried by ditches for], 0. ible it can frequently be restored by | their crops. the following method: Lay the pa-/ er as flat as possible and dampen | it evenly with clean cold water. Brush | over the writing with a flat camels- | hair brush dipped in a solution of | sulphide of ammonia, then the writ- ing will immediately appear plain and readable. The effect on parch- ment is usually of a lasting nature but fresh applications are necessary cr ordinary writing paper. Q. What caused the French Revo- lution? G. McG. A. The French Revolution was mainly the result of the oppression of the French people, who rose a | OUT OUR WAY By Williams | OH-1 SEE ~ YOU'RE Tr’ A. When writing on old manu- scripts has become faded and illeg- In a crisis of any sort you can de- | | pend upon a Scotchman to sit tight. | * * x i @. About what river is Longfel- lJow's poem, The Bridge, written? V. N. A. The original name of the poém | Was The Bridge Over the Charles. The reference concerns the small | Stream along which Boston lies. Q. If a boy runs away and joins |the Navy, can his parents pay some- thing and have him released? M. I. Vv. ever, can be easily brushed aside. xe | The boy whose proud mother said, | “You'll hear from him some day,” is { now crooning ballads over the radio. | x * * “Science Seeks to Find Out What Makes Sirigers Sing.” Headline. A : tub of warm water, usually. -* Snoring, says an eminent psycholo- gist, is a saxophonic type of noise, A, The Department of the Navy says that it is not possible for a man to buy out of the Navy. If circum- stances are such at home that mem- @ recent statement in which he asserted that they are forcing unsound and wasteful competition, preventing) constructive trade agreements and delaying business re-| covery. | “Reasonable competition stimulates initiative and pro-' gress, but cut-throat competition is a business scourge,” ) Dr. Miller said. “The Sherman-Clayton Acts were meant to protect the buyer from an unfair price and to protect all types of business from unfair practices. However, it is one thing to state a general policy and another thing to interpret and administer it. “The Sherman-Clayton Acts, as they now exist, are) retarding the elimination of waste. They are interfer-) ing im the administration of legitimate business and are delaying business recovery. | “Creditor groups in a particular industry are fre-| quently prevented from entering into agreements to put certain unstable customers on a cash basis, because of the fear that such agreements will be held in restraint) of trade.” . ‘This condition, he said, adds to the difficulty of up-! holding credit standards and brings about wasteful cpm- petition founded upon unsound credit risks. _ There are many people who will remember the rea- ‘sons for passing the Sherman-Clayton Acts. Big busi- "mess once was a real bugaboo and the politicians used it as a bogey to scare the unsophisticated voter. ‘If big business was a menace in the early part of the century, when these laws were passed, it is much mote ‘s0 now when corporations of a size then undreamed of are daily doing business. Ford still was tinkering with an éxperiment car when these laws were enacted. Most of the in- ‘dustrial, commercial and financial giants of today lial of pay day. It is not so long ago that the country marked with some concern the record of its first billion-dollar con- gress. Now, however, it has arrived at a place where congress is not at all loathe to spend 10 times that amount. The session now closing has been marked by unusual demands on the public treasury. Nearly $70,000,000, in all, wes appropriated for drouth relief. Vast sums were authorized for projects designed to alleviate the unem- ployment situation. The veterans’ relief loan bill added tremendously to the federal government's fiscal worries. As a result, increased taxes are foreshadowed. The tendency to raid the federal treasury on the slightest provocation and to make the federal govern- ment foot the bill for everything from highways to public health steadily increases. That tendency, it goes with- out saying, must inevitably be submitted to the acid ‘Imperial Cass County’ (Devils Lake Journal) State Senator Bonzer of Richland county handed the Cass county representation in the legislature something of a slap in the face yesterday when he accused that delegation of so lining up the Independents Voters as- sociation as to actually create a political dictatorship in the state. He referred to the I. V. A. delegations as being whipped into line by the “politicians from imperial Cass county.” Whether or not we like to think of it, the fact remains that Cass county is probably the most dominant county in the state as far as political dictatorship is concerned. Mr. L. L. Twichell has been the I. V. A. leader in the house of re} tatives so long that he has become @ tremendous ‘polite SHOW AN’ HE'S TH’ AUDIENCE, HAH 2 AN! YOU GOT HIM FIXED 60 OU CN CLAP HIS HANDS) 56 HISSELF- -AN TH’ FEATHER On TH sTicH 1S T TICKLE HIS FEET, So's HE'LLE LAUGH AT YouR JoHES =WELL NOW, WORRY WART, TELL ME THIS~ HOW 0O YOU GET HISSES . WHEN YOU NEED ‘EM? HELL HAFTA [ | Im 3196S \ Loomis’ OUT | FER MYSELF | 7 wDasS 5 ©1908 * * * The heathen are not all across the seas, —Rev. S. M. Shoemakers Jr. | xe OM In time we may permit the author to write for publication what we are ‘illing to Giscuss from time to time. —John Erskine. i * *k * The trouble with the talking pic- tures is that there are not enough successful stage plays. | —Samuel Goldwyn. Meditation period, :00—Around the Town: Radio floor- walker. 0—Sunshine hour. -—Opening grain markets; weath- er report. 10:10—Aunt Sammy: daily household chat. :30—With Uncle Sam's naturalists. Arlington time signals. 0—Grain markets. :15—German program. :30—Organ pjrogram: Grace Duryee Morris. —Grain markets; Bismarck Trib- une news and ‘weather, S. & L. Co's “On the Back Porch,” No. 1; luncheon pro- m, ‘am, ain markets: high, low, and lose; Bismarck Tribune news, her, and St. Paul livestock. Musical matinee melodies. Siesta hour: Good News radio magasine, usic, Uncle’ Paul's kiddie time. tocks and bonds, 0—Bismarck Tribune sports items. ‘Bismarck Tribune news. Music. —Dinner hour organ recital: Grace Duryee Morris, 0—Sportsmen’s chat. 5—Mrs, I, O. Devold, Adolph Engelhardt, violinist. Legislative tidbits. Stickler Solution {| — JG@De FASE Ei Se way it works out is 7:30—Jeanette Stewart, Jane Smith. gers, les, No. 22, n dance, ¢|Sheridan Treasurer Receives Big Check McClusky, N. D., March 5.—A check in the sum of $33,014.04, representing the taxes levied against the Northern Pacific Railway company for 1930 on its operating property in Sheridan county, has been received by County Treasurer Philip Mauch. ‘This money will be apportioned to the various funds, with schools re- ceiving the largest part. Analysis shows that 56.97 per cent or $18,807.76 of the total tax money paid by the railroad will go for school purposes. Another large item is for roads and bridges, to which fund $4,885.44 or 14.8 per cent is apportioned. The remainder is apportioned as follows: State, 8.88 per cent; county general fund, 13.6; township general fund, 1.72; and for cities‘and vil- Jages, 1.82 per cent. McClusky Fishermen May Improve Lakes McClusky, N. D., March 5.—Mem- bers of the Isaak Walton League of McClusky are directing their efforts toward stocking lakes in this area with fish. Since the organization of this sportsmen’s club recently, several Jakes near here have been. ted to determine their possibilities as fu- .| ture homes for certain species of the finny tribe. The depths of Sheyenne, jake near Martin, and Florence Lake, southeast of McClusky, have been measured. vi Sheyenne Lake is at a low water mark at this time, being from three and one-half to four feet deep, but its depth can be increased by proper placing and construction of a dam, it was said. Florence Lake showed a depth of from five to six feet, and this lake, tco, can be raised about two: feet by constructing a dam across a narrow outlet at the north end. Both lakes have sand bottoms. Later, Samples of the water will, be analyzed to de- jomune whether or not it is@uitable or 5 FLAPPER, FANNY- SAYS: the figure problem, { a