The Bismarck Tribune Newspaper, August 13, 1917, Page 1

THIRTY-SEVENTH YEAR, NO. 190 GEORGE RUSS MADE CAPTAIN RESERVE CORPS Good Commission Comes. to Bis- marck Candidate at Snelling Training Camp MANY NORTH DAKOTANS REWARDED WITH POSTS Esra P. Wing of Capital City Named for Place in National Army _ George. Russ, Jr., cashier of the Bismarck bank, is among the few North Dakotans to win a captaincy in the officers’ reserve corps at the first officers’ training camp at Fort Snelling, whose commencement exer- cises were held last week. Ezra P. Wing, a brother-in-law of former At- torney General Andrew Miller, for- mer law reference librarian at the capital and for years engaged in an important capacity at the state peni- tentiary, is among the small number selected for commissions in the na- tional army, which will mean almost immediate entrance upon active duty. A similar honor comes to Manley A. Falconer of Wilton, who was detailed from Co, A, First infantry. North Dakotans commissioned in the regular army are: George B. Fin- garson, Hillsboro; Joseph B. Conmy, ‘Pembina; Ward H. Porter, Fargo; George M. Robertson, Willow City, and Waldemar W. Kositzky, a brother of State Auditor Karl Kositzky, rear- ed on a farm near Sterling, but now residing at Lincoln, Neb. (Continued on Page Two) LET POSTERITY HELP PAY WAR BILL-WCUMBER Senior Senator Flays Taxation Preposals of Democratic Ad- ministration Washington, D. C., Aug. 11.—Speak- ing in the senate today on the war tax bill, Senator McCumber of North Da- kota declared that the whole tax schedule scheme contemplated a pe- riod that will cover four years, and that unless the war should end sud- d-ntiy the United States would have to spend $40,000,000,000 in that time. He said that America might have to put five million men in the field and he believed their support and sacri- fice should be enough for this gener- ation, adding that “the war debt should ‘be borne by our emancipated children.” Asserting that $1,000,000,000 would have been enough to raise by taxa- tion at this time, the senator said the balance should be paid out of the sale of bonds. Don’t Hamper Business. He declared that business must not be unduly hampered or crippled, point- ing ont that the business office must not cnly furnish all taxes, but the money to absorb the bonds. He said he wanted to see the poorer classe: and ‘business of moderate means make sufficient profit to permit them to purchase most of the government bonds and leave the large capital to continue its business and respond in taxes for the support of the govern- ment. ‘Taking 50 per cent of income taxes, he said, is likely to result in the with- drawal of capital from business, and its investment solely in government bonds, as the ‘average Uusiness pays only seven per cent net, and by so doing bondholders would escape all further taxes and the responsibility of business. He asserted that any business which might escape the watchful eye of the administration and earn excessive profits would be caught in the révenue dragnet thrown out by the pending bill. The bill should be speedily en- acted, he said, so that business could adjust itself accordingly. BRITISH SUBJECTS CANNOT ATTEND SOCIALIST MEET London, Ang. 18.—Andrew Bonar Law, the government’s spokesman in the house of commons, told the members of the lower house this aft- ernoon that the government had de- Government Control of Wheat and Flour Trade BISMARCK, NORTH ~ BIMOEARO, NORTHT DAKOTA ‘MONDAY, AUGUST 13, 1917. TURKS PLAN TO: ENCLIND VAST _ Affects Market Slightly No Important Changes Were Noted as Federal Plan of.Price Control Is Made Public—Hoover Expected to State Program of Depart- ment Soon. Creation of a grain control board within the food administra- tion to supervise distribution of wheat and manufacture and sale of flour will be announced within a few days. . The board will have authority to carry out regulations of wheat and flour announced last night by the food’ administrator. President Wilson will issue ex- ecutive orders giving the food ad- ministrator power conferred on the executive under the food con- trol bill. The first will deal with flour and will direct the food ad- ministrator to proceed Sept. 1 with enforcement of regulations issued last night. Wheat and flour are taken up first, it was said today, because the wheat crop is “beginning to move, making it the most difficult problem to handle now. Prepara- tions of a form of license under which grain elevators and fiour mills will co-operate after Sept. 1 was begun today, ‘Chicago, Aug. 13.—Announcement of general terms of the government plans to rule the wheat and flour vusi- ness of tse country made no import- ant change in the market today. Prices showe da slightly increased tendency to ease off, but a downward slant of late has been the plain course of prices. For a long time, too, the amount of trading done, had been hardly more than enough to establish quotations. This morning, business, if possible, was even more limited in volume and the pit was virtually de- serted. The method of wheat and flour control under the Lever law will be made public soon by Herbert C. Hoo- ver, food administrator. This will be followed tonight or Tuesday with an announcement of hte personnel of the ‘wheat organization unless Presi- dent Wilson interposes an objection. By the middle of next week, govern- ment control of the wheat market should be a fact. A giant government corporation, 7 Pue Three) + oe tnned ONLY A WOMAN HOW SANMIES WOULD REFUSE | ARE PREPARING TO FICHT NOW) FOR BATTLE LINE Chief Justice of the Sioux Tells Federal Army Officers Amer- ica Must Give Battle GLAD TO GIVE HIS SON |. AND GRANDSON. TO CAUSE}. “We have been struck—a strong young man who will not fight back is a woman—he should be set to carry- ing water and cutting wood and build- ing fires.” This was the message to clackers which John Grass, chief of all the Sioux, gave yesterday to Lieut.Col. Douglass Settle, U. S. A., chief muster- ing officer for North Dakota, who journeyed by automobile 200 miles to pay his respects to the aged Sioux warrior. Majestic Conference. It was a majestic, war conference over which the hero ‘of countless bat- tles and a score of important treaties presided at his home, 12 miies south of Fort Yates, just across the South Dakota line, Sunday afternoon. His guests, headed by his foster son, Capt. A. B. Welch of Co. I, included Lieut.- ‘Col. Settle, Capt. Leonard ‘Hughes, Fort Logan, Colo.; Major Paul Tharal- son, Battalion Adjutant F. G. Neumier of the ‘Second and O. H. Ohlsen, spe- cial representative of the American Railway association detailed to North Dakota in connection with the mobili- zation of this state’s troops. The journey was made by automobile. The venerable chief justice of the Sioux was found reclining on a couch un- der a bower near the fog home which Capt. I. Steen of Mandan built for Grass under instructions from the Uni- ted States government as a reward for the great Sioux’s many favors to the whites. Feeble with the weight of years and the ravages of an illness which nearly cost him his life last winter, the chief, yet every inch a man, greeted his guests with that na- tive majesty so characteristic of him, and discussed the world’s war as one general with another. War for Honor. “When I was a young man,” said the chief’ justice, “I went to war many times. My thoughts were not of death ‘but of honor. If 1 were a young man now I would fight these people. I am glad to see my young men go into this war. I am sending my son (re- ferring to ‘Captain Welch) and my grandson. I do not believe they will bring disgrace upon the name which they bear. ‘ German Savages. "We were struck first. The man who will not fight now is a woman. These people across the water are more savage toward their foes than we were in our wildest state. It causes me grief to see my children go into this war, for we love our chil- j dren, but there is great pride and great joy in my heart to know that they are not cowards and that their patriotic impulses are stronger than their fear of death—for death in bat- tle is an honorable thing.” Sad Parting. The veteran of many Indian cam. paigns bore up bravely until the time came for parting with his foster son and his grandson, Albert Grass, who has enlisted with Co I. Then he turned away, while his aged wife set up the wail cf her people for war- riors about to take the warpath. It was a wonder‘ul trip for the offi- cers who made it. Everywhere on the reservation the military men were cided that permission to attend the international _ socialist would not be granted to British dele- gates. conference | warmly greeted, and the journey from Solen down was one long ovation. (Continued on Page Eight.) German More Afraid of Bayonet Than of Bullet Says Poilus : BOYS FULL OF VIM AND WORKING. HARD. By ©. C. LYON. (Tribune's Special Correspondent with the American Troops in France.) (Passed by the United States Army Censor, J. V. Marshall.) American Army ‘Training Camp, “Somewhere .in France,” Aug. 1 Every day now brings the American Sammy nearer the German tre Everything he does over here is designated to fit him for the first at- tack. The whole American outfit feels a smashing American victory in the first ‘big encounter will do more than any- thing else to shatter German morale. On the other hand, there can be lit- tle doubt the Germans will try their old tactics against the new American army. They massed hundreds of thou- sands of veteran troops against raw British armies when the latter came over to France. Similarly, terrific at- tacks were launched against Serbia and Rumania at the very outset of their entrance into the war. More re- cently, the new Portuguese troops on the western front had to withstand German attacks that would have been a match for the best drilled British or French troops. Therefore, every American soldier in France realizes his hardest fight- ing will likely come very soon after he takes his place in the trenches. ‘For that reason, every day’s train- ing is planned to the end that Sammy shall be a full-fledged soldier, fully ca- pable of taking care of himself, the very first day he is sent in to face German guns. He not only has the benefit of in- struction at the hands of some of America’s best officers, but the French government has detailed noted officers to help. Working and drilling daily, in close proximity to the Americans, are thou- sands of veteran French troops. These men have seen months of actual trench warfare. “The German is more afraid of a bayonet than he is of a bullet,” the French poilus told our boys. So now it is a common sight to see bunches of American troops surrounding a grindstone, each waiting his turn to put a razor edge on his bayonet! Grim business, folk back home will say, but over here it’s a part of every- day ‘business with the American troops. There's no eight hour day for our boys, either. They drill, practice and maneuver from early till late. Sammy is routed out of his bunk about 5:30 every morning and he doesn’t get any breakfast until he has gone through the regulation setting up exercises, cleaned up his camp, and bathed. After breakfast his company is marched to the open places and until noon he has only a few breathing spells between maneuvers, marches, bayonet drill, throwing of hand gren- ades and trench digging. Sammy is getting so expert with the trench tools he can bury himself quicker than a prairie dog! There’s a comfortable resting spell at noon, and before Sammy goes out for afternoon work, his officers usual- ly manage to sandwich in a little lec- ture, telling him a lot of things about ( Continued on Page Three) | mated. ae ae eee eee TRAINING CAMP FOR ITS YOUTH British Military Av Authorities Con- vinced ‘That, Day of Super- SILENT FORCES OF NATION PREPARE FOR CONTINGENCY Stretched Over Miles of Rolling Hills Are Hundreds of Schools A Place in’ England, Aug. 13.—Bri- tish military authorities are convinced that the day.of the huperman jas ar- rived, and that the part he is to play in ending the war and in regenerat- ing the world’ ¢annot be over esti- A representative of the Associated Press, has. (been permitted to visit great training schoois and obtained an insight to. the, remarkable change brought about in the British viewpoint in the last. three years. The British not only are putting forth all their energy in perfecting their fighting forces, bu: are earnest- ly devoting themselves to the develop- ment of their youth in a manner cal- culated 10 fit thém for any and all eventualities which may arise in the years to come: 9 If the Germansxcherished the idea of eliminating Britgin as ‘a world pow- er, Britain, it is g@id, far from being ‘beaten, now sees Mvith a clearer vis- ion than cver ‘befBre, and Is prepar- ing to turn the scales against her ad- versery in such away 43 they may never again swing p's Nation a ner School. While statesmenjare being made or unmade, with the changing fortunes of war, the great, silent forces of a na- tion, proud of its traditions, and thor- oughly aroused; tojits oWn shortcom- ings, are constant marching in an almost endless:.eain from training schools to battle front and back again, Stretched over miles or rolling hills, are. schools, whereby: ltndreds: of thou- sands of British troopsare being taught to master themselves, as one of the instructors expressed it, “so that they may be (better prepared to mas- ter their enemy and live their lives as they would live them.” Use Eye and Brain. “Use your eye and your brain,” is the new British watchword which is ‘being instilled into the British youths with al! the force at the command of their superiors. “We are training our men to believe in themselves,” siid the general com- manding the school. “Each must not only feel that he is better equipped physically and mentally than his an- tagonist, but he must be able to dem- onstrate it. That is the lesson we have learned from the world war.” ST. PAUL MAY USE LIGKITE Association of Commerce May In- vestgate Possibilities of Get- ting Fuel Supply St. Paul, Minn., Aug. i3.—North Da- kota may be called upon by St. Paul to help solve her coal problem as a war emergency measure. ‘North Dakota lignite coal is selling for from $1.75 to $2.50 a ton in that state and some transcontinental rail- roads are using it, said G. W. Mur- nane, secretary, St. Paul and Minne- apolis railway war board committee. He refused to divulge whether seri- ous consideration is being given to its general use as far east as St. Paul. Mr. Murnane said the coal situation at the head of the lakes is improving, ‘but if prices mount high this winter, the North Dakota lignite may be pressed into service outside the bor- ders of that state. S. P. A. May Investigate. The St. Paul association may inves- tigate the feasivility of the project and the merit of North Dakota lig- nite as a steam coal. The price at the mine plus_ the carrying charge, it is said, should fur- nish a cheap fuel, and if the city and outlying territory are threatened with a coal famine, the lignite might be available. The one serious obstacle to the use of the lignite at present is that the mines around Bismarck, N. D., where the bulk'of the coal comes from, are not operated on a large enough scale to supply the enormous demand that would be placed upon them. Used by State Institutions. One een of the lignite proposi- tion which appealed to St. Paul users of coal is that the fuel can be trans- ported. in very light box cars, and there’ are plentyoftheseavailable. The coal is soft, some of it about the consistency of hard dirt, but mucit of it is quite similar to Illinois coal and can ibe adapted to domestic as well as steam North Dakota state institutions use Relative to According to Official Newspa Berlin, Aug. 13.—The semi-oflicial ‘Noredeutsche Allgemeine Zeitung de: nies the existence of the telegram al- leged by James \W. Gerard, former American ambassador at Berlin, to have !been sent by Emperor William to President Wilson in 1914 when the German emperor is quoted as having asserted that Belgian neutrality “had to be violated by Germany on stra- tegical grounds.” The alleged telegram, which has reached Berlin by way of Switzerland, has the emperor saying that King George sent him word through the king’s ‘brother, Prince that England would remain ne ‘broke out on the continent. No Such Wire Exists, Says Press. The paper says: “We are in a position to declare that no such telegram from the em- peror exists. It is,true that Mr. Gerard was given an audience on Aug. 10, 1914, in order to give him an op- portunity of placing President Wil- son’s offer of mediation before the emperor. “The president’s personal message to the emperor read as from the offi- cial head of one of the powers which Belgium Drive Did Not Tell Wilson That Neutrality of Belgium Must Be Violated per of the Prussian Autocracy. signed the ‘Hague convention, and said: ‘I feel it to be my right and my duty, in accordance with article IT of the convention, to declare to you in a spirit of truest friendship that I would welcome any opportunity to act in the interests of European peace, whether now or any other time that would be better suited to render you and all concerned, services which would give me satisfaction and joy.’ Conversed with Gerard. “This proposal was made at the time when the armies of both sides had already crossed the frontier, and when it seemed out of the question to halt events. The emperor could, therefore, only have his thanks con- veyed re President ‘Wilson for his of- fer, and thereby remarked that the present moment was too early for me- diation. “The emperor then conversed with Mr. Gerard and explained to him the events that lead up to the outbreak of the war. The emperor particularly pointed out the ambiguous and dis- loyal attitude of Great Britain, which had destroyed all hope of a peaceful agreement.” PLAN TAK ON LIBERTY BONDS HIT TAX DODGER Next Issue May Draw Four-and- One-half Percent, Say Re- ports MANY INVESTED TO ~BSCAPE TAXATION Washington, D. Aug. 13.—While the senate continues debate on the $2,006,000,000 war tax Dill this week, initial steps will be taken by the house toward raising part of the addi- tional $6,000,000,000 needed to carry on the war until July 1, 1918. More ready money, possibly $2,000,- 000,000, will be nec ry to meet cur- rent expenditures before congr ss can appropriate it at the next session, so Secretary McAdoo and Democratic Leader Kitchin will discuss the situa- tion early in the week. Menrbers of the ways and means committee, both democrats and republicans, have ex- pr di willingness te pass without. delay legislation for any reasonable amount required. Senate leaders also are ready to co-operat Sentiment for raising additional funds at this time by a bond issue and certificates of indebtedness and not by taxation is strong in both houses. Such action, it is argued, will prevent disturbar throughout the country which are engendered by every tax bill increase and greatly expedite ob- taining money. May Tax Bond Issue. A movement to make the next issue of bonds or certificates taxable and with four and a half per cent interest instead of relying on no taxation, and bearing three and a naif per cent in- interest, is gaining followers in the house. Reports that a certair United States citizen acquired $60,000,000 worth of the first issue of Liberty bonds in or- der to escape taxation has helped inj the plan to tax the national issue. ILLINOIS COAL DICTATOR FACES GENERAL STRIKE Chicago, Aug. 13—A_ troublesome setting was provided today for Chiei Justice Carter, when he assumed his duties as director of coal for Ili- nois, an appointment received last Friday from Governor Lowden, after an agreement had been reached by him with coal operators relative to fuel price fixing at the mines’ mouth. Reports from over the state indi- cated that miners are now on strike at 20 different places, causing a sit- uation so acute that immediate ad- justment of prices hoped to result from the effort of Chief Justice Carter seem to be barred. It is estimated that 12,000 out of 80,009 miners in Nlinois are now striking. In order to settle the differences, a meeting is being held between representatives of three mine operators’ associations, and the executive board of the min- ers’ union. Coal operators and miners’ repre- sentatives have stated they will be) unable to give undivided attention to nothing btu the lignite. ion It is argued a SI Paul commi: (Continued ow Page Three.) BURLEICH BOARD ISSUES SECOND CALL FOR MEN Additional Quota of 200 Regis- trants Summoned to Report Next Monday RESULTS OF FIRST EXAMINATION SHOWN Thirty Per Cent Sept. 5. Washington, Aug. 13.—Provost (Marshal General Crowder an- nounced today that 30 per cent of the men drafted for the na- tional army would be called to the colors September 5, beginning movement on that day. ‘Another 30 per cent on September 15, a third 30 per cent on September 30, and the remaining 10 per cent as soon thereafter as possible. The Burleigh county ioca) exemp- tion board today will issue its second call for registrants for examination under the draft. ‘Summons will go out this evening for an additional class of 200 men to report Monday, Tue y and Wednesday of next week. It is believed that Burleigh county's quota can be filled from this quota, which will make a total of 400 men called for the first draft. Men Called for Service. Members of the first class of candi- dates who filed no claims for exemp- tion and who passed the physical ex- amination and were unconditonally ac- cepted for service are: Felix Orlando, McKenzie; Carl Lewis Hagen, Wing; Charles Anderson, St. paul; Ray Kroll, Maza; George Irederick Nelson, Bald- win; Harry Ernest Knudson, Regan; William S. Perry, Bismarck; Irvin Ko- tenba, Driscoll; (Carl Harry Soderquist, Wilton; Arthur Fred Spoer!, Marion; Isaac Kdwin Gibson, Sterling; Marvin O. Berg, Driscoll; Edmond Rupp, Bald- win; Walter James S. Honey, Wilton; Joseph Kritzer, Fergus Falls, Minn.; George Wahler, Bismarck; Louis Am- bers, Driscoll; John Andrew Vollan, Wilton; Charles W. Allensworth, Brit- tin; Ferdinand H. Friese, Bis- marck; Mugene Wa ‘Bismarck; | eo Georve Auer, 3 k; John Hanson, Bismarck; Burt G. Spohn,| Olando Walford Johnson, Wilton; Mike Mastel, Bismarck; Ho- mer Hinton, Bismat Harry Vv. Scharosch, Bismarck; Albert Bourgois, ' Bismarck; Matt Mallyoja, Anandale, Minn.; John ‘Rackich, Bismarck; Lew- is Thomas Klawitted, Bismarck; Otto W. Knutson, Regan; Edgar Hanson, Tillarod, Taberal, Sweden; John B. Rhud, Bismarck; Samuel Marion Love, Taylorsville, K. Joseph ‘Burtts, Bis- marek; (©. C. Ottosen, Bismarck; Thomas J. Kruetz, Bismarck; Fred A. Kruger, Driscoll; Otto Christ Uhde, Regan; Otto R. Ayers, Bismarck. James Howard Kershaw, Charles J. Gardner of Redfield, S. D. and Bruce Ellis of Minneapolis, transfer- red to this board for examination, made no claims for exemption and were accepted. Agricultural Claims. Men not claiming exemption for de- pendent relatives and who passed physically and have been accepted by the local board, but who will claim exemption from the district board on agricultural grounds are: Arthur James Morris, Bismarck; Tidermann R. Brunnick, Wing; Carl Verne Erick- son, Wilton; Joe Sorth, Baldwin; John Fred Garnier, Bismarck (occu- pational claims), John Gable, Jr., Bis- marck; Hugh E. Loomis, Sterling: Jonas Ray Morton, Ryan, O.; Algot Ryberg, Bismarck; Albert Bourgeois, Bismarck; David Edward Mattis, Re- LOOT JERUSALEM Kaiser Says He Did Not Send Wire to President {PALESTINE JEWS TO SHARE FATE. OF ARMENIANS Holy Land Is Marked for Robe bery, Extortion and Massacre ; Say Reports a OTTOMAN’S INTENT TO KILL OFF ENTIRE POPULATION | Inhabitants of Gaza F8rced ta Leave Town and Lost All ‘{ Their Property = * Cairo, Egypt, Aug. 13.—The situa, tion in Palestine this summer is the most serious since the war began. AL scheme for the looting of Jerusalem is already being executed and through- out the countryside the Turk has em- barked on a calculated policy of plun- dering and killing the native inhabit- ants, so that if they are forced to vacate the country they will leave be- hind them a desert. The following statement of the pres- ent situation is given to the Associ- ated Press ‘by an officiai in touch with conditions: Campaign of Robbery. “The attitude of the young Turks for the unfortunate non-Turkish racea within their empire has been an open campaign of robbery, exploitation and massacre, “The stupendous wickedness of the extermination of the Armenian nation cannot ibe dismissed as a particular measure aimed at one particular race, for it is the Turkish policy toward not only Armenians, but Arabs, Greeks and Jews, in fact, all peoples who are subjects of the Turks but are not themselves of Turkish blood. “It is the Turks’ calculated policy, to kill off the bulk of inhabitants. of Palestine and extort the last ounce of money; and goods from them so that if they are forced to vacate the coun- try they will leave-bebind them a pow. erty stricken -and depepulated: land. “Their. policy is not consistent :with military ‘or ‘economic.means, and. it is not supported ‘by even the slenderest pretext of its necessity. It is dictated solely by. savage brutality. - ‘ Families Massacred. “The disaster that befell the Arme- nian nation is now being meted out to the mixed non-Turkish population of Syria and Palestine. Families are ‘being massacred, towns and territory evacuated and communities plun- dered. “The town of Gazo was recently evacuated. Inhabitants were forced to set out upon their journey with nothing but the clothes they wore. All their belongings were delivered over to the Turkish troops for loot. There were the usual scenes of wan: ton and wilful defilement, no women were spared the customary acconi- paniment of Turkish visitation. “It was then proposed to carry out the same program at Jerusalem. The head notables, however, protested that having seen the exhibition at Gaza they preferred to chance the risk of war to enduring the certain agony of a forced evacuation. Stupid and Wasteful. i “This answer displeased the pasha so much that he had the deputation transported to Anatolia and is taking special measures that his scheme for looting Jerusalem is not hindered by organized, passive resistance among the inhabitants. “The, system of oppression in Pale tine is thorough, but it is also stupid and wasteful. Horses are allowed to graze on such scanty young crops &§ the inhabitants have been able to grow, so that there will be no grain this year in a country well nigh bar ren of corn.” id ‘GROP EXPERTS URGE IMPORTANCE NOW OF PLANTING WINTER RYE Winter rye is a promising crop in North Dakota farming. Director Coop er of the North Dakota experiment station, when questioned in regard to rye, stated that the acreage this year is about three times as much as usual and that it could profitably be im creased from a million and a quarter acres. Aside from producing a crop of grain it also, when sown early, pro- duces fall pasture, which will be quite an item this fall, if rains come, whith can be expected. Pasturing the ryein the fall will not hurt it for next year’s crop. The earlier rye is sown the bet: ter chance it will have of making a good crop next year, provided it does not get big enough to form joints, even though it is not pastured. In the western part of the state the rainfall has not been heavy enough to pack the plowing, so that the soil 1s in good condition for sowing the ry@ in the stubble. The cost of putting gan; Harold A. N. Christianson, Re- gan; Nels Hanson, Wing; Julius Les- ke, Arena; Otto H. Beers, Bismarck. The claims of these men will be Justice Carter's conference until next Wednesday and decisive action is not expected before that time. decided by the state board, composed (Continued on Page Eight.) in an acre of rye in this way will be about 40 cents per acre for man and horse labor, plus about $3 for seed. No more work will be required until next July, when it needs harvesting.