Bemidji Daily Pioneer Newspaper, October 16, 1922, Page 7

MONDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 16, 1922 POISON BAITS WL KILL OFF CUTWORMS White Arsenic or Paris ‘Green | Will Prove- Efficient. Insects Are Especially’ Fond of To- | matoes, Cabbage, Lettuce and Other Vegetables — They Are Voracious Féeders. (Propared by the Unjisd-States Department ¢ Agriculture.) Cutworms cun,x'endny be controlled by the use of poisoned bait, the United States Department of Agriculture has demonstrated.. This ig: the way to prepare gnd apply the:poison: To one bushel of dry. bran add one pound of white arsenic or paris green .and mix thoroughly into a mash with four gallons of water, in which has been stirred one-half gal- lon of sorghum or other cheap mo- lasses. This amount will be: suffi- clent to treat four or.five acres of cultivated crops. After the mash has stood for several hours scatter It in lumps of about the size of a marble over the -fields where the .injury is beginning to- appear.: Put it about the bases of the plants which have been set out. Apply the mash late in the day, so as to have the poison in place around the plants before night, when the cutworms are active. Apply a second time if necessary. Cutworms destroy hundreds of thousands, even milllons of dollars’ worth of crops every year throughout the United States. They especially attack tomatoes, cabbage, lettuce and other vegetables that started under.glass and transplanted. Cutworms sometimes appear in great |: numbers in the.spring and early sum- ; mer, and frequently. do severe:injury |: before their ravages ‘are noticed, .:, Their -metliod - of “attack “18 ‘to 'cut off the young plants' near the ground. |; They are of large size' and are vo- racious feeders, capable-of ‘destroying |i many plants in:a:single night. Often |’ they .cut down more. than they can devour. \ have been|: MAKING BROWN ALFALFA HAY Very Similar to Silage and Some Feed- ers Think It Is Superior to Green as Feed. Ordinary field-cured alfalfa hay is a . bright green color, bt sometimes when mojsture conditions are right, | stack cuving results in a brown or black hay that is very simflar to si- lage. It has a pleasant odor, is very ‘palatable to live stock, and some feed- ers think it is superior to green hay in feeding value. This kind of hay results from putting up the alfalfa ‘when it Is more or less green. Most of it is the result of accident rather than intent, as definite efforts to make it have generally resulted in failure and a great deal of loss. Certain con- ing brown hay. It should be put up in ‘good-sized stacks, as it molds and chars to such an extent in small loose stacks that it 1s not fit for feed. From reports that have been col- dected from different alfalfa-growing areas, the United States Department of "Agriculture concludes that good brown alfalfa hay is equal or some- what superior in palatability to good fleld-cured hay, but not superior to it 1in feeding value. The method of-mak- ing would be important could it be de- pended upon for saving hay in cli- amates where there is so much rain- fall that it is difficult to cure the hay in the field. Because of danger from spontaneous combustion it is not ad- .visable to try to make brown hay in barns or mows. 'COLLEGES TEACH ECONOMICS ‘Many Institutions Include Studies in Marketing, Co-operation and Management. Agricultural colleges In 45 states are giving courses’ In agricultural 'economlcs and allled subjects this !year. In ‘a number of states the ,courses include studies in marketing, co.operntlon, farm management, and {commercial geography. The United States Department of Agriculture is *watehing tho ‘work mwith great in- terest. SOILIMPROVING CROP FOR USE IN PECAN ORCHARDS IS NEEDED (Prepared by’ un United States Department f Agriculture.) Many lmportant problems in grow- ing and marketing pecans are confront- ing the growers. Until recently the most experienced growers of ‘pecans have considered the cowpea-to be an excellent summer cover crop for use in their orchards, but, says the United States Depart- 1ent of Agriculture, it-has been found that this crop is-a favorite host. plant or crop for the southern green.plant- bug or “stink. bug” which attacks the immature nuts and: by perforating:the soft ‘shell - with its::proboscis, :reaches and injures the tender:kernek - :With the -subsequent : growth. and. ‘develop- ment of the nuts there:ariseat’the points of: perforation’definite: areas:of deadened tissué im.the kernel, possess- ing -a bitter or:acrid:taste,.and: com- monly designated: as: “kernel - spot.” Large quantities:of the finest nuts were greatly reduced: in‘ consequence. : A substitute . soil-dmproving:::crop - for growing .in‘pecan: orchards: is;there- fore needed. Among: the: promising things- are .beggarweed, bush: velvet bean and soy bean. - So far as is known the beggarweed is not a host: plant for the bug and the bush velvet:-bean and the soy bean are not supposed to:be attacked by this insect. -Bush:- velvet beans are increasing in popularity as a cover crop-in this section and may be the solution of the problem. As yet, there is little practical experience in determining -the suitability of these cover crops in pecan orchards and their efficiency in controlling the “stink bug.” Orchardists wio use either bush velvet beans -or soy beans as cover crops should carefully inspect: their crops at the end of the season to de- termine whether the percentage of nuts with kernel spot is satisfactorily reduced on the areas in which these crops are grown in comparison with the same variety where no cover crops are used. These are important prob- lems on which-the growers themselves can assist in securing trustworthy in- formation. Plan to Destroy “Stink Bug.” It has been suggested that the “stink bug” feeds only on seed pods. If this is true, crops, such as the velvet bean, which are late in maturing seed pods, could be grown for a summer cover crop and turned under or cut up with disk harrows In early October before the pecan is ready to harvest. In this way the insect probably would be de- stroyed and the ground left In good condition for the nut harvest. Growers and experimenters are expecting to obtain valuable information on these crops during the coming season. Another important problem is that | Typical FI Id afificlmenl of Native' Pecans é:r?gylng In__Southern Indiana. of unproductive orchards, . Some, of these.orchards were planted on very poor soil, and for the gorst of these the ‘only apparent alternative is that of :abandonment. " Otber orchards do not produce well because the trees were planted: too close together, and are now badly crowded. For these it appears: that the most effective rem- edy would be that of removing the alternate: trees, pruning those remain- ing,- and of improving the fertility of the soil. For orchards composed of seedling ‘trees, or inferior varieties, top-working is the solution. To Build Up Industry. In large outlying districts within the Pécan range,-yet beyond the limits of successful ‘culture of southern varie- ties, the question is how to build up the orcharding industry, and how to extend its range. In regions to which the species is indigenous the first ques- tion ‘is that of finding new varleties suitable for planting. The native for- est”and fleld specimens should be ex- amined for trees bearing desirable nuts In sufficlent quantity to be profitable. Scions from such trees should be used for top-working the Inferior seedlings. Small wild seedlings can be worked over to desirable sorts by customary nursery methods. Some common mis- takes made in attempting to top-work trees are: Using those that are too old; cutting off branches that are too large; pruning too severely at the out- set, thus. attempting to do too much in a. single season; top-working trees planted too close together, and top- working trees standing in out-of-the- way places where it ‘will never be pos- sible: to ‘give them good care; -The development of the nut-cracking industry should help the pecan into a 12 months of the year market and glve employment to labor during otherwise idle months, the kernels of the pecan contain a large percentage of ofl which is qulte as sensitive to temperature changes as is butter. In order that the shelled meats, as.well as the unshelled nuts, may be kept in prime condition for the longest possible period, it is necessary that the nuts be well dried before they are packed or barreled for shipment, and that the product be kept\n a cool and well-ventilated plase during the winter months. As soon as warmn weather begins these preducts should be placed in cold storage at a tem- perature between 30 and 38 degrees. In the shelling of nuts there is con- siderable waste in the forra of shells and broken meats. Grower and han- dlers are trying to find uses fcr these produets, such as fertilizer. tanning material and fuel. USE THE WANT AD COLUMNS OF THE PIONEER ditions, however, are essential in mak- | CITRUS FRUITS BY-PRODUCTS Experts Have Shown How Profits to Growers From Materials Once Waste Can Be Made. To offset the serious losses in the cltrds fruit industry occurring through bruised, undersized or oversized or- anges, grapefrult and lemons usually allowed to go to waste, the bureau of chemistry of ‘the United States De- partment of ‘Agriculture has investi- gated: methods for getting by-products that will return a profit to the grower. Some of these products require a pre- liminary ‘expense for equipment, but it ‘bas been' demonstrated that’the In- vestment ‘can soon be made profitable. Grapefrult juice, which is increasing in' popularity, can be easily made i? directions for: pressing, straining, pas- teurizing; clarifying, sweetening and bottling the: juice are carefully fol- lowed. - These directions may be ob- tained from-the department. ’ A blend of grapefruit juice with lo- ganberry juice has been found popu- Iar. Orange vinegar is a. satisfactory substitute for apple vinegar and should be made in districts where many cull oranges would otherwise be a total loss. Citric acld is a valuable commerclal article which can be made from cull lemons or limes if proper apparatus Is installed. Other by-products from citrus fruits often wasted include candied citrus peel, for use as a confection or by bak- ers in place of citron, marmalades, jellies, butters and pegflnl FRENCHMAN HAD RIGHT IDEA Principles of Flying Set Out by Louis Pierre Mouillard Have Been Proved Correct. Who was the first glider? In sup- plylng an answer there Is room for the patriots of many nations to delve in medieval annals, Italy and-France have a good case. Jean Baptiste Dane is sald to have made a success- ful glide at Perugia in the Fifteenth century, while the marquis of Bacque- ville, in the .middle of\the Eighteenth century, skimmed across the Seine at Paris. Detalls_of_a coavincinz kind are, however, lacking. But there Is no doubt of the theoretical claims of the Frenchman Louls Plerre Mouillard, who dled a quarter of a century agp | in poverty at Cairo, In two volumes | he set out the principles that should | gulde man in seeking conquest of the air. To seek to fly by imitating the | beating of a bird's wing was not feas- ible. “Men should imitate such birds as fly with steady wings and avall | themselves of the currents of the air.” f B Ten years after Moulllard was dead | (with his dreams of an actual machine | unfulfilled) the Wright brothers began | B the development of his ideas. ( Eskimos. Canada’s mounted police count noses and find only about 2.700 Eskimos liv- ing in the Far North, not including Alaska. The low figure is surprising. Be- ginning with our first lessons ic geog- |8 raphy, we have heard so much about | the Eskimos that most of us imagined they existed in much greater pum- | § bers. In “bidding for fame, the Eskimos have had the additional handicap of never producing a great man, Despite mediocrity and fewness, the Eskimos have becoice known in all parts of the earth. This shows the power of advertis- ing. Tool-Carrying Device. To be attached to the overalls, or to a belt, a tool-carrying device has been developed by a Seattle carpenter. It is designed for a hammer, hatchet, or similar tool, and, according to the Popular Mechanies Magazine, has two metal lugs which are caused to grasp the tool handle by the action of a spring latch operated by the weight of the tool. Getting It Out of His System. “Where are those cool nights you ad- vertised?” “Just walt,” sald the proprietor of a summer hotel, confidently, “they’ll be along.” “Sure,” snarled the guest, “but If it's winter you are thinking about, I | won’t be here.”—Birmingham Age-Her- | ald. ranging in prices up to'$1 damaged just the thing for Your choice 2 for value Band vertise. Wilson's Fair$ Dollar Day Specials ENAMEL WARE SPECIAL We bought a big assortment as a leader for this Dollar Day and we are offering remarkable values. About 100 large pieces White ware, Onyx ware, Grey ware and Marbelized Blue ware—all good values at $1 $1.25, $1.50 and $1.75—your choice of any piece $1.00 each About 100 pueces assorted as above but smaller pieces 1 Your choice any two pieces 2 for $1 .00 Select any four for $1.00 About 250 pieces good values up to 25c each Your choice any four pieces for 50c $$$ ALUMINUM WARE SPECIALS $$$ About 50 pieces worth up to $1.50 each, good values, good weight, not the cheap qualities usually offered. Your choice $1.00 each Your choice of any two pieces $1.00 $$ GALVANIZED WARE SPECIALS $$ About 2 dozen bushel and half bushel basketa slightly 10 dozen 12 quart galvanized pails, slightly jammed but serviceable, most of them as good as ever. Your choice 7 for $1.00 $$$ TIN WARE SPECIAL Medium weight 12 quart Tin Dairy Pails excellent 35¢c 4 for $1.00 $$$ CHINA WARE SPECIALS $$$ Six cups and six saucers, choice of two kinds \ Set of six for $1.00 One lot of large jugs, plain white or white with Gold Your choice 2 for $1.00 The above are but a few of the good things offered for Dollar Day as many are in quantities too small to ad- We have during the last thirty days received $10,000 worth of new staple and Holiday merchandise and 1ore ashes. $1.00 or 50c each | $$$ BLUE AND WHITE ENAMELED WARE large pieces, coffee pots, water pails, kettles, collanders, ete., values to $1.98 for §1.00 Ladies coverall aprons worth a dollar anywhere Dollar Day bargain, 2 for $1.00 Ladies extra fine mercer- ized Lisle hose, 2 pair for §1.00 Percales 27 inches wide good grade, light back- ground with blue or black polka dots. Dollar Day 15 yards for §1.00 Boy’s real leather Mittens small or large sizes, on Doliar Day 2 pair for §1.00 Men’s flat Ribbed fleeced UNION SUITS, regular $1.49 and $1.75 grade al- so odd wool drawers and shirts, Dollar Day each $1.00 BROOMS, common 4 sew- ed regular 49c on Dollar Day 3 for §1.00 MEN’S CHOPPER and lin- ed leather mittens Dollar Day two pair for $1.00 Ladies Odd Lot Millinery values to $7.50 choice of twenty or more, Dollar oS00 Men’s all wool socks, regular 75c, Day, 3 pair for §1.00 Ladies extra grade Union Suits, sizes 34 to 44 on Dollar Day for $1.00 heavy Dollar 75¢ and 85c grade, Dollar Day 2 for §1.00 MEN'’S TIES new patterns i CARLSON A.T.--“Of Course” WATCHES special for Dollar Day §1.00 ALARM CLOCKS good ones worth $1.65 any- where Dollar Day §1.00 KIDDIE CARS $1.25 and $1.49 values No. 1 and 2 sizes Dollar Day each §1.00 TABLE LINENS fine mer- cerized white with blue stripes. 64 inches wide, regular $1.49, Dollar Day per yard $1.00 KIMONA CLOTH fleeced on both sides with small butterfly and other de- signs reg. 35¢ a yard Dol- lar day, 4 yards for §1.00 OUTING FLANNEL, 28 inches wide good heavy grade light or dark colors Dollar Day 7 yards for §1.00 LARGE COFFEE CUPS plain white cups only 10 " S1.00 Ladies fast black fleeced hose all sizes, 4 pair for §1.00 Ladies black or oxford wool hose, Dollar Dpy 2 pair for §1.00 Ladies Knit' petticoats part wool, grey and dark mixed, values $1.49, 1.69 1.89, Dollar Day each §1.00 Ladies Heather Brown all wool hose. A real buy per 8100 DRESS GOODS fine part wool serges, etc., regular $1.49, black, blue and oth- er colors, Dollar Day per 500 The t‘él to EConoxfiy No need to tell you that these are real DOLLAR DAY BARGAINS from[a raallive{store that-aiways has a lot of good merchandlse 1o offer to the trade.f WATCH THIS DATE Dollar Day Wednesday Oect. 18 BROOMS finest grade of broom corn in these brooms, 5 sewed varnish- ed handles, regular $1.25 and $1.35 grade, DoMar Day each $1.00 GREY TEA KETTLES No. 9 size, heavy goods, reg- ular $1.49 value, Dollar Day each. $1.00 Covered kettles, double boilers, percolators and many other items valued to $1.89 choice Dollar Day §1.00 ALUMINUM WARE good round roasters in covers §1.00 Handled kettles 4 and 6 quart, Dollar Day §1.00 PLAID DRESS GOODS for school dresses, etc., Dollar Day, 6 yards for §1.00 FLASHLIGHTS regular $1.65 with battery, Dollar Day each, complete. 51.00 BOY’S LEATHER MITT- ENS Cheaper grade leatht r, Dollar Day 3 pair for §1.00 TOYS, we have arranged for this day a lot of good toys all are blg values and at special prices, 2 for and §17 81 BEADS and NECKLACES choice of manys kinds val- ues to $2, for Dollar Day choice. $1.00 MEN’S CANVAS GLOV- ES black, good wearing 12 pair for $1.00 Ladies Silk hose, black and colors a $1.49 and $1.25 grade for this Dol- lar Day only 3100 THE BIG VARIETY STORE On Beltrami Avenue BEMIDJI, MINN. You Know The Place