The evening world. Newspaper, May 19, 1922, Page 38

(THE . TABLISHED BY )OSEPH PULITZER, Pudlished Dally Except Sunday hy The Press Publishing Company, N 53 to 68 Park Rew, New York. RALPH PULITZER, President, 63 Park Row. J. ANGUS SHAW, Treheurer, 63 Park Row. | a 308SEPH PULITZER, Secretary, 63 Park Row. MEMBER OF THE AS800" PRESS, . ‘The Associated Press le exclusively entitied to the use for republication of all news despatches credited to ft or mot otherwise credited in this paper and also the locel news published herein. PROOFS, MR. MAYOR. OES Mayor Hylan mean to go on denounc- ing the Transit Commission as a tool of the traction interests, a promoter of higher fares, a monster created for the political persecution of John F, Hylan? If so, it’s time to call the Mayor's bluff by demanding his proofs. Let him show where the Transit Commission Let him show where it has worked for higher fares. Let him show where it has played politics. The Transit Commission has been on the job a little more than a year. In that time it has hauled the 1. R. T. and the B. R. T. over the coals as neither of these com- | panies had ever been hauled over the coals be- |} fore. It has dug into their finances, cut down | their valuations, exposed the fallacies in their | figures and in their pleas. It has forced the In- terborough to accept drastic orders for in- creased service and the purchase of more cars. | It is preparing similar orders for the B. R. T. It has done all this openly and straightforwardly, in a manner that permitted no mistake as to its has =+ved the traction interests. | } i | ee ; | , | intentions. | ' Where, then, in the name of common sense, | | can the Transit Commission be accused of act- i ing as the tool of the traction companies? | From the time when it issued its outline plan | of transit reorganization last October the Trgn- sit Commissicn has repeatedly put itself on record as basing its programme of unified transit on a city-wide 5-cent fare—which, under present con- ditions, exists only in imagination. The com- mission has done nothing yet which indicates the slightest swerving from its purpose to secure to the people of this city a genuine 5-cent fare. It turned a deaf ear to the higher-fare arguments of the Interborough. [Iwo receivers of the Stein- way lines of the New York and Queens Railway Company have been in jail and are still in court because they ignored the warning of the Transit Commission against charging an extra fare. \ Can the Mayor produce an iota of evidence to | support his frequent assertions that the commis- sion favors higher fares? As to political persecution, no sane citizen of New York can believe to-day that State author- ity vested in the Transit Commission is planning ‘. transit relief for the city in order to discredit its present Mayor. Gov. Miller made it plain again yesterday re that, even at this late day, Mayor Hylan can get a full hearing for any rational transit programme he may submit: “If the Mayor has a plan, it will be consid- ered on its merits if he will bring it forward. He will get full credit for it.” ‘4 On the other hand, the Mayor will only ex- haust public patience if he goes on with his empty ne and meaningless abuse of the Transit Commis- é sion. This week he branded as “dishonest” the com- Se mission's figures on the actual cost of readver- tising contracts for completing the Fourteenth Street-Eastern District subway. Yet he refused to discuss the figures when The Evening World offered him opportunity to prove iS his charge. Calling the commission names will get the Mayor nowhere. Trumped-up accusations will only recoil on his own ‘head. " The time has come to call him squarely to ; account. Let him back up his diatribes with fact, or admit they are lies, Will Lloyd George succeed in making his home-coming from Genoa lodk like a triumph? We shall see. But experience has shown it's safer to bet money on the little Welshman than against him, JIM REED'S OBSESSION. ATOR JIM REED of Missouri is afflicted with a peculiar monomania. He has an ingrowing hate for Herbert Hoover and cannot keep off the subject. What connection it may have with his present campaign for re-election is not clear, but he told a Missouri audience the other evening that Hoo- ver was responsible for getting England cheap flour in the war at the expense of the American “while you were content to feed on bran and shorts.” Unintentionally, perhaps, Senator Reed told the truth. The American people as a whole were “content to feed on bran and shorts.” That was the reason the Food Administration recommenda- tions were better observed than many laws—the Volstead act, for example. If economy in shipping made it wise to send white flour and keep the bulkier rough grades in this country, patriotic Americans were “con- tent” to make the sacrifice. If white bread would help improve the morale of war-worn na- tions, the American people were glad to send the white flour. Senator Reed is treading on dangerous ground when he recalls the generous emotions that actu- ated patriots in wartime. Association may re- call the tarnished war record of wilfi Jim Reed, whose only, impulse was a crazy personal spite against Herbert Hoover. THE GENOA TRUCE, LTHOUGH the Genoa Conference is com- monly regarded as a failure, history may regard it in a different light One of the closing acts is the non-aggression truce to extend until four months after the com- missions report. The truce is not a signed treaty. But it is as binding as any “scrap of paper” can be. The short term of the agreement would scarce give time for formal ratifications. / What is there to hope from such a temporary agreement? . It sets a precedent for one thing. Before this agreement terminates, what is to prevent some peacefully inclined nation from moving for an extension? In the face of such a suggestion, will any na- tion dare refuse to extend the truce? Will any nation be willing to advertise that it contem- plates interfering with a neighbor? The pity is that the United States is not a party to the non-aggression truce. If we, too, had agreed, we would be in position to move for a renewal. If it should prove possible to renew this truce from time to time, Genoa might gain renown as another birthplace of non-aggression policy that tends toward peace. [= A: ERT eee Ee If the Hearst political boom has begun to interest the Anti-Saloon League there's some- thing in it. Nobody ever accused the A. S. L. of sleeping with both eyes shut. NO BASIS FOR BARGAIN. N the light of proposed rumors of amalgamations and mergers in the steel industry the White House dinner last evening may be even more sig- nificant than appears in public-explanations. Administration policy toward “trustification” is highly important at the moment. The possibili- ties for political dickering are evident. Repub- lican bargaining with figancial interests, it will be recalled, paved the way for the formation of the Steel Trus' The twelve-hour day in the steel industry is a crying evil that demands reform. Few will dispute this. But the evils of the twelve-hour day should not prove a basis of bargaining. The Administration should not agree to accept another evil of combination and ‘trustification in return for abolition of the long workday. The twelve-hour day ought to be forced out of the industry as an absolute evil. The steel makers deserve no compensatory opportunity to do other evil in return for doing good. Nothing suggesting such a political dicker ap- peared in the carefully guarded report of Mr. Harding's steel dinner, Naturally not. But Ad- ministration policy in regard to steel mergers will bear watching. ‘ "ACHES AND PAINS A Disjointed Column by John Keetz, Deere The ladies are no longer exempt from the dragnet of the haul of fame, Following the luminous example set by William J. Bryan, Trving Bacheller has become a citizen of Flor- ida, hanging up his hat in a bungalow at Winter Park, Did you know that, agcording to a ukase passed by the last Legislature, it ig dNegat in New York State to sell poker chips, dice or any such celluloid implements of Satan? The next thing in order will be to tinker coins so there can be no “heads” or “tuils," * Gov. Allen of Kansas Qnd Gov. Miller of New York are to discuss the great St. Lawrence waterway prob- lem at the Hotel La Salle, Chicago, May 2° against the waves? The wind There is much difference between a popular idot and @ popular idea, The idols are often vroken; the ideas survive uncracked. “H” stands for Hylan, Also for Hearst; Kach for the other, Both for the worst! President Harding's feast with the gests a memory of Belshassar’s banquet, things sug- ae emer ee (Bm At ee Copyri ¥ ten Tork Renta hy Press Pub. Co. From Evening World Readers What kind of letter doyou find most readable? Isn’t it the one that gives the worth of a thousand words in a couple of hundred? There is fine mental exercise and a lot of satisfaction in tryimg te =—_—_—-- eo >? " say much in few words. Class Legisiation. To the Editor of The Evening World: Prohibition is class legislation. The other day three friends and myself were enjoying all the good beer and whiskey we eared to drink and we were not bothering about Prohibition, when, about noontime, five laborers who were working on a building nearby came in with their lunch and called for “beer,” which in their case, meant ‘‘near beer’’ because they, as hard working men, didn’t have 50 cents to pay for a bottle of good beer. Well, the thought of us standing there doing nothing and enjoying good beer because we could afford it got on our nerves. We ordered a bottle aplece for these working men, Believe me, they did enjoy It. If there Was Prohibition where it affected all I would say nothing, but when you can get all the good stuff you want (providing you have the money), then I think the law is un- ust. : Good beer and whiskey is sold any- where you are known, but at 50 cents. u drink, and only a certain class can afford It. Imagine an idler standing drinking good beer while’ the hard working man is drinking near beer. It that law isn’t class legislation, tell me what is. Re Bis New York, May 17, 1922. “Like the Dow He 1 ‘Teo the Editor of The Evening World In your edition of last evening I read of a case of a Justice in a Chi cago court ordering a wife-beater to kixs his wife's foot in the court, which the culprit did, then being placed on parole. This, \t seems to me, Was a’very proper form of jus- tice, as it did not inconvenience his family while he served a term in jail. In fact, in extreme cases, it might be advisable to sentence the husband to appear in court with his wife once a week and, if thought necessary, as a special punishment “lick'' every bit of dust from his wife's shoes, like ihe dog that this type of brute is. Let the punishment meet the crime. MISS D. P. Brooklyn, May 16, 1922 Well, Thea, Hoping Dominoes,” To the Bdltor of The Evening World; The excellent Commissioner of Accounts Hirshfield in hearing the testimony of Detective Kennedy, who was explaining that he had shot dice with a number of James- town citizens and thereby had cured facts about the nowt yot.ng machines manufactured an automatic registering that city, was asked by Commis- sioner, “What do you mean by shoot- ing the dice?” “It's a game with two dice having numbers on them and those who make seven or elevep win.” ~ Take time to be brief. explained the witness. ‘‘Do you mean the game known as African golf?” “Yes, that’s it,” replied Kennedy. Now, Commissioner Hirshfield and Detective Kennedy should know that the throwing of dice was known in Bible times. If these gentlemen are at all familiar with the Bible, they will find the fact recorded in St, John xix., 23-24. The game may now be known as “African golf,” but I think other races may lay claim to knowledge of the existence of this game and to a “working knowledge" of it which is no more African than European. Some Wall Street brokers and messengers and telegraph boys play it daily. Why African golf? What is the purpose of crediting its origin to Africa? JOHN E. BRUCE, New York City, May 15, 1922 The Garden Meeting Again. To the Editor of The Evening World: Mr. Smythe answers my letter to The Evening World by stating that I ama iar. [am not. The World did state the attendance at the Madi- son Square Garden Antl-Prohibi- tlon meeting was small and that it was probably due to the rain. However, I don't wish to quibble over a few thousand people and will con- cede that the attendance was 12,500. I questioned The Evening World's stand against the Volstead act on the ground that the people are not in favor of the repeal of the act. I gave a3 my reason the small tendance at the meeting (12,500 is small—only 1-400 of the population of the city). One-half of the people were there only out of curiosity and don't cara whether the act is repealed or not, One-quarter were like myself, Prohi- itionists, and there to hear what the other side has to say. I also mentioned the small attend- ance in the Fourth of July parade— 17,000, Three-fourths were for rs, children and women, many of whom are not yoters. Mr. Smythe answers this by quib- bling over five people sitting in the gallery, six on Fourth Avenue, ten on 27th Street, a dozen on Madison Avenue and a few on the floor PROHIBITIONIS: New York, May 16, 1922 Indians tn South America, ‘To the Editor of The Evening We Referring to the article on Indians In the series 6n evolution by Ran, Sutton, I wish to state that, whe all of the previous articles were g lines that I have found out to rect, I believe that to-day he hus informed your readers in 1 the Indians Paving all come to this continent across the Bering Strait, and Lam suse a large Dumke: of yours anew Xork, May, 16, ‘" UNCOMMON SENSE By John Blake. (Copyright. 192%, by John Blake) THE LUCK TEST. factory but highly interesting are the Not entirely sa income tax returns of England and America. It has been-discovered that many men who had prac- tically no income before the war received vast incomes in the two years that followed the war, and now again have little on which to pay an income tax: In other words, the profiteer, as a general average, was not able to keep his profits. luck test. That is the test which counts for a great deal in busi- ness, as well as in any branch of what we call life. He couldn't stand the good- Adversity is almost always character forming and wholesome. It teaches self-sacrifice and concentration. Prosperity when unearned breeds selfishness and lack Of respect for the rights of others. It is putting power into unaccustomed hands, and power can never be wielded wisely without experience in its use. “If thou faint in the day of adversity, thy strength is small,’ wisely says the proverb. Weak indced is the man who cannot stand poverty. Strong is he who can rise superior to wealth which he did not have to work for. Far more credit is due to a rich man's son for genuine achievement than to the youth who had to make his own way: i The rich man's son, requiring no effort, allows his brain to become flabby as theemuscles of a man unfitted by some malady for physical effort. He may be held successful in that he enjoys inherited wealth, but unless his father has carefully “sewed it up” in a trust, some poor man's son usually gets it away from him. There is no rot sillier than the talk of the handicap of adversity. The real handicap in life is unearned wealth. The man who can succeed in spite of that is entitled to all the praise the world can give him. Dp een AOS eeee—e—ee oo WHOSE BIRTHDAY? MAY, 19TH—JOHANN GOTTLIEB FICHTE was born in Rammenau, Germany, on the 19th of May, 1762, and died in Berlin on the 27th of Jan- uary, 1814. As a small child he pos- sessed a remarkably active mind which by chance attracted the attention of Baron Miltitz. The Baron enabled him to prepare for entrance at the University of Jena, where he studied theology and philosophy, A few years after his graduation from the univer- sity he was elected to the chatr of philosophy at Jena, later at Erlanger, and still later became rector of the University of Berlin. Fichte's teach- readers are of the same opinion. and that the following facts should be given consideration: Old fossils, have been found in South America that date back thousands of years before any found in North America, The Incas and Aztecs were several thousands of years further advanced toward civ- ilization than any race found in North America when the Spaniards first ar- rived in both continents. If all the natives of North and South America are of European origin, should they be the same physically in both con- tinents? Assuming, that they should, how doed Mr. Sutton account for the “Ox Inca’? ‘There is a group at my club that discusses the articles written by Mr, Sutton, and we would like to have him publish an article that would ex- plain the above facts, We are of the]ings and writings had great effect opinion at many years ago there/ypon the civilized peoples of the a group of islands connecting | vod. He taught tat each individual America with Asia WILLIAM, YOUNG outh creates a world for himself in which his life and activities are paramount, EVOLUTION] The A B C of Thus Famous Epoch-Making Theory - By Ransome Sutton Copyright, 1922 (The New York Evening | World) by Press Publishing Company. XXII. MENDELISM. This subject, so vitally important to mankind, is dificult to make platn to persons who have not studied biology—like trying to explain ale gebra to persons who have nod studied arithmetic. But, becaun of many requests, I shall attempt to ex plain the meaning of Mendelisrs, Gregor Mendel (b. 1822—d. 188 was an Austrian monk who spent the best years of his life interbreeding. plants. Keeping a careful recerd of the results, generation after genera tion, he found he was dealing witht law—the law which governs the Ina heritance of ancestral traits and chare acters, and which (applied to man} determines, at the moment of cond ception, whether a babe Bhall be nore mal, a throw-back or a prodigy; alsd whether it shall resemble its matern or paternal ancestors. Before groping after that law, let’ have one little lesson in biology. The germ-cells of animals and plant differ from other cells in that they, contain a number of tiny rod-like bodies, called chromosomes, whielt are composed of innumerable grang ules, just as a stick of candy cone tains innumerable sugar crystalmy Each of the granules in the tiny rodg is supposed to be separately aliv. being the factor which carries the inheritance from parents to chil The number of chromosomes diff according to species; in man, for exe ample, the number is said to twenty-four; in wheat, eight. The: chromosomes lie inert in the germé cells, like living substance in a seedy until two germ-cells of opposite sex merge together; then the male and female chromosomes select partne gins. As the ovum, now fertilized prepares to divide, the pairs separate and, when the division is complete, a and the ‘waltz of chromosomes” poM@y a each of the two daughter cells cons § tains an equal number of the chromo somes—the number being the sam@ as that originally contributed by each parent. Any one with a microe scope, who will place a grain of polled on the ovule of a flower, may witness the waltz of the chromosomes. What Mendel discovered was that the sexual units, which the father and mother bring together when 4¥ new individual {s conceived, separate im the germ-cells of succeeding gen= erations without having had any last~ inz influences on each other. He knew there was something in tho seeds of peas which predetermined not only the tallness or dwarfness of the plant, but also all the countless differing characters which go with the tall or the dwarf varieties. So hi crosses the talls with the dwarfs, ex, pecting to produce intermediates. B the seeds, when planted, yielded ont] talls. The something that controlle dwarfness, however, had not been ex. tinguished; it simply lay latent in the first generation. For, when the seeds were planted the second season, one= fourth yielded pure dwarfs; one-fourtiy yielded pure talls; the other two« fourths yielded hybrid talls. Therew after, from pure talls, came true tall and from the dwarfs true dwarfs, b the hybrid talls, like the second sea~ son's planting, yielded one-fourth pure talls, one-fourth pure dwarfs and) two-fourths hybrid talls, Thus tallness} proved dominant over dwarfness inj the first fillal generation, but dwarf, ness reappeared in one-fourth of th progeny of the second and succeeding generations. While the tallness, let us say, of th father dominated the dwarfness of thy mother, there were many characte in the mother which dominated those] of the father, In other words, doml. nance as to one character does no mean dominance as to all characte! It will be seen, therefore, that every living thing 1s a mixed mosat ot individual characters, derived fronq ancestors through the germ-cells, tn factors which determine charactei being carried in the chromosomes, the chromosomes select par ers and thereafter separate, the fa e€ the individual is determined. Under the subject of Mendelism, in the encyclopaedias and hundreds o books in the Ibraries, the practic workings of Mendel’s marvelous la may be studied. paisa ee WHERE DID YOU GE THAT WORD? 167.—BOMBAZINE. There is an interesting story co’ cealed in the word Bombazine, It 4 a derivation from the Latin woh “bombicynum," silk-weaying, an. “pombycinus,"”’ silken, In their turg these two words owe their origin di. rectly to the humble silk worm, called “pombyx’’ in Latin. Although silk figured ostentatious; in the stuffs worn by the fine ladies} of ancient Rome, the art of sili weav. ing was lost in Europe until the EmaJ peror Justinian heard from two Ne torian monks who had travelled ta Peking the story of the silk worm, He quickly sent the monks back tal Peking to learn more of their strang discovery. So they went back to the Chinese capital and eventually req turned to Constantinople with the seed of the strange bug that gave tha) Chinese mandarins and their wome the fine stuffs with which thes adorned themselves. Thus returned the “bombyx” to Europe. From the Wise. The century has given birth toa great epoch but it is a small race the great moment appeals to, Schiller, Knowledge is most surely em graved on brains well prepared for it.—Rousseau, God alone can ly bind up @ bigeding neartcW. Rous, piped { iN £