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rane LAW, Park Row. | LITZER, Jr, Secretary. €3 Park Row. MEMDER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS. wane WHO MAKES THEM PARAMOUNT? ' AS usual the early days of the campaign have A developed a full and variegated crop of | “paramount issues.” ‘ | The League of Nations, Progressivism, Wilson- . — ism, and other issues have been brought out and paraded as “paramount.” Leaders propose, voters dispose. | Early suggestions are no more than trial horses testing out the electorate. American political history has shown repeatedly the futility of early efforts to state the paramount . issue. As the: campaign develops the candidates Br find that they must talk on the subjects which in- e terest the voter. Indeed there may be and have been campaigns ' in which no paramount issue appears. Several a important issues are combined and the winner is the candidate whose synthesis of these issues is most satisfactory. ‘ The carly view of the G. O. P. leaders was that 5‘ the League of Nations would be the paramount ; issue, Candidate Harding's acceptance speech evidently was modeled with this aim in view, ‘ When Candidate Cox showed his erftire readi- : ness to accept this issue and carried the fight to the very railing of the front porch, the Republican leaders drew back and decided that ‘Wilsonism” _ __ * would be the paramount issue, with the League , issue relegated to a subordinate place as merely a 4 part of “Wilsonism.”” “Wilsonism,” if presented with reasonable re- gard for truth and accuracy, would be an excellent i. issue—for the Democrats. * - ' Another issue which will not down is oligarchical control of the Presidency by the ring, who, in the words of Harding's manager, “put him over.” This is one of the issues which will not be “paramount” if the Republicans can prevent. «» But the managers may have it all their own * way in nominations. They. do not and can not _ dictate paramount issues. That-is up to the voters. ie 7 A JUST GRIEVANCE. a LETTER from an employee of the State of ri A New York, printed in another column to-day, presents a very real grievance. ‘ _ Employees of the State deprived of the 10 per | cent. “bonus by oversight of the regular session of _the Legislature are hard pressed to make ends a Their case deserves attention, as The Evening World has repeatedly pointed out. _ The onus of this neglect now rests on the Re- publican Legislature. But if Gov. Smith fails to recommend action in the special session the blame _ _ will shift to his shoulders. F aT State employees deserve and have every reason to expect justice at the hands of the Governor and the Legislature. GAINING. _JMPROVEMENT in the earnings announced by the I, R. T. lend additional point to the editor- ial in The Evening World last week, in which it was suggested that the I. R. T. had failed to make a convincing demonstration that more than a 5 cent fare is necessary. It is true that earnings over and above fixed charges are not yet large enough to pay 20 per + @ent. dividends, nor even 5 per cent. dividends, But business continues to improve. The I. R. T. is no“longer actually lpsing money. There is a fair prospect that if improvement continues it will soon be making a moderate return, Meantime the public remembers the 20 per cent. | dividends of 1916 and 1917 and the 12% per | ‘eent. dividend of 1918 and takes the view that Interborough stockholders should have saved a reasonable proportion of their income in the fat years to tide over a lean year or two, By 1921 or 1922, if the recent improvement in earnings continues, the I. R. T. should be back on . a dividend paying basis and earning such divi- dends as are proper for a public utility which en- joys so many municipal favors as does the I. R. T. “BUT NOT CLOTH.” ieee M, WOOD makes the optimistic prediction that clothing will be cheaper next spring—“but not cloth.” Mr, Wood makes cloth, not clothing, as his at- torney explained to the court when the president of the Woollen Trust was indicted for profiteering From Mr. Wood's latest statement several plausible deductions may be made. If cloth is not to be cheaper it is evident that Mr. Wood expects some one else to stop profiteering, but not the Woollen Trust, Mr. ‘Moe¢ pam boy raw woal cheaper now than he could last spring, but his factory has been shut down for some time, and to continue his policy of “39.89 per cent. profit” it will be necessary to make even higher profits for the time the mills | operate. ig “Another fair guess is that Mr. Wood is hoping a for a Republican victory next fall, He has Candi- for & « “Wate Harding's favorable opinion of “protection” ‘for the woollen industry, which was so well pro- | tected urader Schedule K of the Payne-Aldrich Tar- s republication feasted tm nls paper | iff bill, That will help to prevent for cloth. : Clothing may be cheaper but not cloth! In that | event clothing will not be as much cheaper as it | could be if cloth were also cheaper. However it is not impossible that the Supreme Court may reverse the opinion of the lower court on the profiteering charges against Mr. Wood. It is not inconceivable that the court may take the common sense view that the Lever Law applies OW WAS THE ISHING WHERE You WERE oN Your VACATION 2 to cloth as well as clothing. else go to jail as a profiteer. THE REFLEX! yesterday: . “We will have a new foreign policy if we suc- ceed to the Administration, is concerned, because every great war hag its reflex. We have always been touched by ques- tions of humanity and by distress throughout the world, and we have gone to the relief of humanity in specific oases’ without involving ourselves in foreign entanglements.” How inspiring! outskirts of peace, while the plan goes forward! Nations: “As the Democratic candidate, I favor go- ing tn.” How do Senator Harding's shifty efforts to evade the existing and available means for carrying out a national purpose that he does not dare repudiate , compare with the straightforward reasoning of- Franklin D. Roosevelt, Democratic candidate for Vice President: “The League of Nations is a practical solution , of a practical situation. It is no more perfect than our original Constitution—which has been amended eighteen times, and will soon, we hope, be amended the nineteenth—was perfect.” “It is not anti-National, it is anti-War.” further utterance on Republican foreign policy. fending Republicans like Mr. Taft? wisdom, “has its reflex,” The Harding theory is that the greatest of alt wars should have no more important reflex than the carrying of a Republican Senatorial group tu power in the United Slates. A JUVENILE FEMINIST. STOCK story of the next-to-un-Godliness of small boys deals with their unwillingness to wash “behind the ears” and where dirt “will Little Willie has been generally credited with an abhorrence of bathing except in not show.” the more or less muddy “ole swimmin’ hole.” them to make them popular and plausible, different, thesis that girls love cleanliness more than boys. prepared whom she was paying an emergency visit. are more bathable than boys was correct, the sexes, FOR THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS AND COX, (From The Evening Post.) with safeguarding reservations, faith with her partners in the war? way of making peace with Germany? winning the war? Senator Harding has answered No, League. Harding would hold'fast to his policy of negation, interests. The issue | of tg Ameriqug people, vi In that event Mr. Wood may be forced to mod- ify his forecast that cloth will not be cheaper—or . HE first statement regarding Repullican foreign | policy the Republican candidate has made since his speech of acceptance fell from his lips It is practical for us to have @ hand where the peace of the world What a rallying cry of faith and progress for a Nation that pledged itself to join other nations in a plan to reduce the probability of war, and that now finds itself hanging, with Turkey and Mexico, on the How does Senator Harding’s vague talk about the United States being “touched by questions of humanity and distress’ stand up alongside Gov. Cox's clean-cut declaration regarding the League of Senator Harding has made his long-looked tor Does it carry comfort for patriotic, League-de- “Every great war,” we are told oul of the Harding These stories have had just enough of truth in Little girls, it has been generally understood, are A recent incident in Brooklyn casts doubt on the The neighborhood and the Brooklyn police force wasted no little time and effort in a search for a seven-year-old youmg lady who ran away from home rather than take the bath her mother had A full sized kidnapping scare gripped the borough and was not allayed until the fugitive was recovered at the home of a relative upon But after all perhaps the old tradition that girls Per- haps the adventure of this daughter of Brooklyn is no more than a juvenile manifestation of the feminist movement which demands equal rights for The paramont issue in the Presidential compaign is the Treaty of Peace and the League of Nations Shall America keep Shall America join with them in the only honorable and effective Shall America enter heart and soul upon the work of maintaining the pence of the world as she did upon the task of To these questions Gov, Cox has answered Yes and If the Evening Post, during the week that has elapsed since Gov. Cox's speech of acceptance, has held in abeyance its declaration of choice between the two candidates, the reason was not thmt we were in doubt concerning Gov. Cox's affirmative stand on the Treaty and the We waited only to see whether Senator Senator Harding has maintained bis No to the question of America’s honor, duty, and ultimate best is thus clearly joined. The Evening Post, believing that it speaks for a great mass of independent American citizenship, pledges its hearty support to the Democratic nominees, in whom it sees embodied thé highest aims and ideals | | HAD THE BEST | COULD BUY . NEW ROD, NEW LINE, NEW REEL ETC. MAY BE Ou DIDN'T FISH | HARD ENOUGH : YouR HUSBAND Waa Ney EAS Laie WAS VERY BAD WHE! ‘You WERE PLAYING BRIDGE,’ HE WAS THE FIRST RIZE to say much in a few words. Take An Appeal to Gov. Smith, To the Px of The Brening World The extra session of the Legslature has now been ordered by the Gov-) ernor, but as yet no move to aid the State employees has been heard cf. Won't you please follow up the good work which you so well started with your able editorial of July 307 Unless some ance is granted us in persuading Gov, Smith of our need and tho justness of our cause no action can be taken at the extra session, as the law permits the Legis- | lature to act only upon matters for ;which it is ordered by the Governor. In that event it is up to us to get along as best we can until July 1, 1921. What this means can be julged from the particular case of the; writer, who is now being patd at the rate of $1,600 per annum and |x com- polled to pay out the sum of $42.50 per month ($510 per; year) for the one Item of rent alone, Yesterday I received 4 the pleasant (7) news from the lord's agent that on Oct. 1 my would be 992.50. Where tn God's name this additional $10 per month ts to come from unleas the State comes to my assistance I do not know, ASSISTANCE IS CERTAINLY PAST DUE. A STATE EMPLOYEE, New York, Aug. 14, 1920, asst A Correction. To the Exiitor of The Brening World: My attention has been called by the New York Telephone Company to & change in what they call “standard practice.” They are not now sending out canvassers to solicit new business, and [ take this opportunity to correct my letter to you, dated Aug. 5 last, and which appeared in the New York Evening World, Aug. 6. JOSEPH B, MARX. Aeolian Hall, Aug, 13, 1920, Netter Service for Higher Fare, ‘To te Haditor of The Breninx World: I have been a reader of your edt- torials in The New York Evening World for some time and admire them very much. Perhaps you would think It worth while to put in a good word for the commuter, now that he will be com~- pelled to pay a considerable Increase on his meoathly ticket and still re- ve poor service. bis travel only the short distance of eleven miles on the D. L. & W, R. R, which, according to the time tabl supposed to take, at the most, twenty-five minutes (on a local train), but I have yet to board a train either local or express coming in to New York in the morning or returning at night that pulls In on the scheduled time. “Delay, Linger and Wait” is cer- tainly a good name for that railroad, delay in leaving the station, linger and linger across the meadows and then stop and wait, Our trains are anywhere from forty minutes to an hour sometimes making this short | trip. Now that we must pay an increased What kind of letter do you find most readable? Isn't it the one that gives you the worth of a thousand words in a couple of hundred? There is fine mental exercise and a lot of satiffaction in trying jafter it is ordered? time to be brief. trains earlier than what really should be necessary (were the trains on time), in order to reach my office at 9 o'clock, A DISGUSTED D. L. & W. COMMUTER. Aug. 16, 1920, A Hold-Up. To the Exitor of The Prening World: tion?) What fs the r to supply consumers with any coal sooner than two or three months ‘Then the con- sumer will have to pay the price that coal ig at the time of delivery, Coal is now $14.25 per ton. Of course, I can see their reason for holding up the coul and also the consumer for nothing else than higher rate per ton, thinking that no- body will think of the poor people who will have to suffer this hold-up. CONSUMER. Long Island, Aug. 16, 1920. Would Declare Pence. ‘To the Bultor «f The Brening World : Allow me to add to the éommon sense of P. J. Brady. What I cannot understand is this: “Why has peace not been declared If we are still in @ state of war then how is it we are disposing of the different army and navy camps, which by the way were sold foy most nothing after costing mililons? I am sure that there would be a more settled feeling generally if peace were declared. It has always seemed a farce to me when I was compelled to pay @ war tax on every smal] purchase, and many a laugh 1 had when I ‘asked some of the collec- tors how they kept track of the money to be given to the Govern- ment. 0. H.C. New York, Aug, 16, 1920, The Healthier Wa: To the Faitor veulg World: I have read your editorials as well as letters in your paper on the ques- tion of house shortage with interest. The Healthier Way offers the best solution of any yet made, if it is found possible to practically apply the eug- gestions. Every man of family in New York who pays a rental of $40 a month should own his own home. Hundreds of acres of land, within easy riding distance of New York with one be, carfare, could be utilized by opening streets or avenues and supplied with all the conventences--wator, gas and electricity, Houses bullt on lots trom 20 to 40 feet vide and from 100 to 200 or more feet in depth or length, thus enabling the owner to have a home —of six rooms and bath—with room for a garden in the rear and with a smali grassy front lawn, The houses could be built in rows much more cheaply than singly or Could you kindly answer this ques-/ son that the} coal companies of Long Island refuse semi-detached and at a cost of less than $5,000, with pipeless furnace or hot water heat and moderh plumbing, The renters of New York require fare, would {t not be right to ex- pect the rail Is to give us better jeervice? 1 am compelled Jo 1ake twa ° sauestion in buying a home instead of ing ren' abxaite the determined interest you UNCOMMON SENSE By John Blake (Copyright, 1020, by Jokn Blake.) TIME MORE CAREFULLY YOUR MO In a very valuable little book Arnold Bennett, the English novelist, poiits out that money spent can be re- placed, but time spent is gone forever, Mr. Bennett, we believe, is a little too liberal in his ideas about money spending. He of course, being highly talented, cai. get more money easily enough. Most of us can't. ; Money, once we have got it, should be spent wisely and carefully. Independence is the goal of us all, and SPEND YOUR THAN without money we can tiever have independence. Thrift in money matters is highly important. . But thrift in time is still more important, An hour wasted is an hour lost. Decide as early in life as you can just how much time you can afford to waste, aad never waste another hour beyond that limit. Do not count time spent in play or in recreation or in a few weeks of absolute idleness as waste. Rest is necessary, and play is the best form of rest. ‘A little idleaess is necessary when the machine gets run down. But let not an hour be altogether wasted. The time you spend riding from the house to the office or shop can be spent in reading the news, or in profitable conversation with somebody who can give you information or ideas. The time you sit about waiting for meals caa be spent with a good book, and you ought always to keep one on hand for that purpose. If you find you cannot go to sleep immediately on going to bed, keep a book handy and read it till you get sleepy. Allot a certaia part of your leisure hours to thinking about the work of the next day or in going over the day that is past to find why you made mistakes, and how to avoid them tormorrow. Put in part of your time remembering books and con- versations and things you have seea. That is the best memory exercise, and memory will wither without use as a muscle will. Divide your time systematically. Spend it wisely. You have only a certain amount of it, which comprises your whole life, A waste of time is a waste of part of your life, and nobody can afford that. suggest in your editorial by calling meetings in different sections of the city, Induce tne people in all occu- pations to joi a building association, | fgu in which by # reokly deposit of less than the renial of a modern apart- ment he will be enabled to buy and own a home (not @ dingy apartment) in elght years or less, and thus own und enjoy phe privacy of a neat, pretty home with lawn and garden in the rear, with space wired and screened at the end of the yard 15 feet square in which hens could be kept to eat the kitchen scraps and supply fresh eggs for the family. ‘The above offers the best possible to parties ownine. res. GRORGE w. No, 618 W. Aug. 16, 1920, 136th St. A Contuaton, ‘To the Fxlitor of The Brening World Your correspondent, Al Wiener, his letter of the 12th’ inst., who have been said, _. New. Xork. Aus. 14 within short walking distance of the subways or other transit, as acres sold by the front foot run into big KNELL, in idently| believes that free speech, sedition and high treason are one and the same thing. I can quote the names of men| deported from this country for far less than Mannix has ANDREW GARROD, 1920, Ten-Minute Studies of New York City Government By Willis Brooks Hawkins... Ths 49 the twenty-seobnd ertate Of @ series defining the duties of administrative and legislative offtoors and boards of the New York City Government. Financial Administration, * THE PAY-AS-YOU-GO PLAN. ‘What is known as the pay-as-you~ fo plan was adopted by the city im 1914, It provided that for four years an annually increasing proportion of the cost of permanent improvements of the mon-revenue-producing class ‘should be defrayed from the tax budget, and that in 1918 and there~ &fter no bonds whould be issued for such improvements. In 1916 this policy, originally establishtd by reso- lution of the Board of Estimate and Apportionment, was incorporated hy the@ ity Charter by act of the Legis- Jature, While thie plan bas thus far ma- terially increased the tax budgets, the ‘ultimate effect will be large saving to the city. To every dollar borrowed on a 4% per cent, fifty-year bond $1.69 must be added as interest changes before it is paid. - By 1s Public improvements from the tax levy instead of by means of long-term bonds, their cost to the city are one dollar for each dollar spent, instead of $2.69, so that in the end the budget will be relieved of much of its present burden for ine terest and sinking fund payments. Notes and News From Museum of Natural History EWS of interest to scientists, naturalists and explorers throughout the world is com« tained in the Museum of Natural His- tory Quarterly, recently issued. Among: the notes published are the following: uyopus melanoleu- ibet, one of ¢he t of animals, has recently been Amerigan discovered in 1869. |sembles a bear of our black be dis tive of the stri ack and white coat, muzzle, and curious black patehes labout the eves ¢ e ita very extra. jdinary appearance. lis known of thy € Almost nothing apimal’s habits, but it that it cots and the shoots of bamboo, | young It is be- lieved that the specimen shown at the American Museum is the first brought to thig country; the skin was pyr- chased 1 Mr. Joseph Milnes, a missionary, who had obtained | from some natives of Ta-Chien-lu, Tiket, Mr, Blaschke, Sculptor in the Ameri+ can Museun Pre jon Department, nen. . An interesting collection of birds, |taken in northwestern Peru, has just | been received at the American Mus |seum from Mr, Harry Watkins,‘ field representative of the department fof ornithology, Se 11 new forms, Ine cluding & new genus of ovenbinds (Hylocryptus) are desertbed in. the? December Proceedings of the Biologt- cal Soviety. of Washington by Dr. Frank M. Chapman, curator of the lopartment of ornithology eat the American Museum. One of the moat sting discoveries in a breeding race of the killdeer, a common North of American bird, which ococasionallw” reaches treme northern South America in winter, 8 e@ The United States Forest Service reports from California that the avla~ tors who made dally flirhts over the national forests during the summer and autumn of 1919 discovered many incipient fires and thus prevented great loss, So valuable has this work proved that an air service may ulti- mately become a permanent part of the forest protection. Se “‘That’s aFact’ By Albert P. Southwick Copyright, 1920, by ‘The Pram Publishing Co, Hee the Now Py Tid ening Marvard University was first es- tablished at Newtown, afterward Cambnidge, Mass., in 1636. The "Kissing Bridge” of 125 years ago, on the line of the Boston Post Roud, was near the intersection of ‘hind Avenue and 75th Street, New York Clty. The primitive Kissing Bridge was what is now led Chat m Street, and, in this vicinity, on the Rutgers estate, was the primitive Love Lane, “where it is customary before passing beyond, to sulute the lady who ts your companion,” as the Rev, Mr, Burnaby wrote about 1740, The Merrimac River, in New Hampshire and Massachusetts, moves more machinery than any other stream in the world. There are mills by the hundreds on its ./ banks on } | The largest chain ever fabricated Pi Js in tho Impertal nal, Vienna, It has $000 links a’ 4 was thrown in 1029 by the f “Paradise.” by Tintoretto, is the | largest paint'ag in the world. Tt ts S4 fect wide, 331-2 feet high and is now in Doge's Palace at Venice, On West Street, near Latxht, in New York City, {8 a tablet that marks the landing place of Wash- ington on June 25, 1775, while jour- neying to Cambridge, Mass., to as- sume command of the army, On the same day William Tryon, the King’s Governor, also arrived’ and was received with becoming’ cere- monies, A strange mixture of af. tuirs and conditio | ‘The paid Fire Department was | established in New York Clty. io April, 1865, and steam fire engines were first used, Nineteon States of the Union haven't any seacoast. Colorado % has neither seacoast nor navigable | TREO detente