The evening world. Newspaper, June 22, 1920, Page 20

| ESTABLISHED BY JOSEPH PULITZOR. [Publisnea Dally Except Sunday by the Press Pubilshiog Company, Nos. $4 to 68 Park Row, New York. , RALPH PULIT#ER, Presiden: + | FO ANGUS BHAW, Treasurer. JoOREPM PULITZER. feewe Grapatehes eredited to It or not otherwise credited in this paper Glee the level news IRELAND AND THE LEAGUE. I* the interview printed yesterday in The Eve- ning World, Gov. Cox of Ohio ventured on the ordinarily dangerous ground of the Irish ques- tion, His statements are so full of good common sense, and therefore so different from the usual po- litical treatment of the subject, that they deserve careful consideration. Gov. Cox is frankly “sympathetic with Ire- land and the Irish cause. But he sees in this a ‘good reason why the United States should join the League of Nations. He said: “The status of the Irish people will, I be- Heve, be promoted by the League of Nations. The League would pérmit them to present their case to the conscience of the whole world.” This is precisely the reverse of the attitude as- Sumed by most politicians angling for the “Irish vote.” These have held out vague promises of récognition and even aid to the Irish Republic, ‘These have sought popularity by the familiar and time-wort device of “twisting the Lion’s tail”—at \wsafe distance. '*"'The plain, ynvamished truth of the matter is: The United States will not go to war with Great ' Britain even for an object so dear to the heart of . «marly Americans as the freeing of Ireland, “This being true, the most effective help to Ireland would be rendered through the League of Nations, ih which the United States could exercise all the friendly pressure which could be mobilized in all ' the’ nations of the world—including the British col- ,onies and dominions, “Hypocritical and political resolutions of sympa- thy will not free Ireland. Not even recognition of Irish independence wiN free Ireland. But once the | United States is in the League of Nations its repre- sentative can be instructed to act as a focal point ‘for the concentration of the opinion of the world, which in the main sympathizes with the rights of | tHe Irish. ‘ ‘\ SIsn’t it about time that Irish sympathizers came | oe \down to earth and ceased to allow demagogues to i )play on their hatred for England with half promises _ tat the demagogues know can never be fulfilled? :. Isn't it about time Irish syuypathizers took ac- ;count of what may and may not be done and ex- \erted their influence in the only way that promises | any measure of suecess? ‘ _?* Jurists at Hague Favor Root’s Planr.— a } Headline. 4 It the Republican Party must have some- ' thing it can point to as proof that the League ‘ot Nations has been Republicanized, why not P point to Mr, Root? tds {TEP ten ot gael SOMETHING TO SHOW FOR IT. ii i EPORTS of the Citizens’ Transportation Com- oi mittee indicate an increase in the amount of ‘freight moved, even though the new effort has \@leared only a trifling fraction of the material con- | gesting the piers. : _. Even more gratifying ‘would be a report of the te ‘introduction of improved methods of moving the ' freight. Sooner or later New York must, follow the lead , of more progressive cities and install something *\ approximating a common carrier system of intra- _city freighting which will facilitate and cheapen ‘transport cost by attaining the closest possible ap- proach to 100 per cent. efficiency in the use of trans- | fer equipment. This involves the use of standardized motor ‘ mae ' tracks equipped with remoyable and interchange- 4 able bodies which may be loaded and unloaded with- ' out interrupting use of the motor. he Merchants’ Association is already on record” as favoring such an innovation. In purchasing equipment the Transportation Committee should exercise progressive and constructive’ judgment. Then, whatever the outcome of the industrial dis- pute which called the committee into being, it would have something to show for the money itis spending, CHINA'S PASSIVE RESISTANCE. , i yong diplomatic notes in regard to Shantung q have passed between the Japanese and Chinese . Hovernments. Publication of the correspondence | reveals Japan almost in the role of petitioner. H| There is hardly a note of the lordly dominance com- | monly associated with military success, "\oe Here is a phenomenon which the lords of the « earth, the jingoes, the Security Leagues and the like may well ponder. | 4 It was only a few years ago that “Chinatied” was } a term of contempt and derision. America was ‘warned of the helplessness of China as an example jand a warning, ) What is it that the Chinese have done to win + what promises to be a bloodless victory over Japan? * How have the Chinese tamed the powerful Island Military strength did not defeat Japan. China ‘ world backed by a national unity in the use of the economic weapon of the boycott have been the et- fective weapons which China‘ has tried. China believed its cause was just. It refused to compromise or to submit to compromise, Even now when the victory is almost won it refuses to compromise on anything less than the full right and justice of the case as the Chinese ‘see it. Before 1914 a few dreamers and idealists advo- cated passive resistance and economic and social non-intercourse as the most effective defense against aggression, They were laughed at as fools, But ‘China’s action against Japan lends strong support to prove their case. LESSONS OF HISTORY. PEAKING at the centennial of the Harvard Law School yesterday, Charles E, Hughes declared that, as a Nation, “our material progress seems to have created complexities beyond our political com- petency, and, disregarding the lessons of history, there has been a disposition to revert to the methods of tyranny in order to meet the problems of democ- racy.” “We went to war for liberty and democracy, with the result that we fed the autocratic appe- tite, and through a fiction permissible only because the courts cannot know what every one else knows we have seen the war powers which are essential to the preservation of the Nation in time of war exercised broadly after the military exigency had passed and in con- ditions for which they were never intended.” Mr. Hughes would hardly deny that the lessons of history, if they teach anything, teach us not only that the United States cannot go to war with- out seriously disturbing the balance that normally exists between the constitutionally established branches of its Government, but that it is NOT be- yond. the capacity of the people of the United States to restore that balance even though it remains un- even for some time after the war that has disturbed it is ended, When the United States goes to war the Federal authority in general and the authority of the Presi- dent in particular are startlingly, momentously ex- tended. Yet, during the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln stretched his executive authority to the point of suspending the writ of habeas corpus and issuing the Emancipation Proclamation, and, following the Civil War, Federal authority continued to be exerted to an unwonted degree over an unsettled country—without imperilling the Constitution by setting up permanent Federal tryanny or‘autocracy. In that case it was a Republican Administration that had fo take the responsibility and bear the onus of resolving itself into what many would call a war dictatorship. ' Afterwart when habits of Federal dictation formed during the war had to be laid aside it was the Democratic Party that emerged as the strongest reminder and corrective, with its traditional prin- ciples upholding State rights and opposing exten- sion of the Federal authority. : ‘When Mr, Hughes spoke at the’ Harvard Law School yesterday he was not making a political address. But there will be many Republicans in Mr. Hughes's party who will gladly interpret what he said as an arraignment of the present Democratic Administration for an alleged tyrannical prolonga- tion of its war powers, Mr. Hughes referred to such powers as having been “exercised broadly after the military exigency had passed and in conditions for which they were never intended,” How would the country have fared without the exercise of certain of these powers—those conferred by the Lever act for example—in the face of a Re- publican Congress which steadily refused recon- structive legislation to alleviate any post-war suf- fering which could be prolonged and laid at the door of a Democratic Administration for the purposes of a Presidential campaign? Morever, when it comes to “feeding the auto- cratic appetite,” how do the two parties stand in that history the lessons of which Mr. Hughes says are now disregarded? As the legitimate heir of Federalist principles, the Republican Party has always been the closer to the Hamilton idea of strong Federal authority and a sweeping exercise of Presidential powers, On the other hand, if the Democratic Party in- herited anything from Thomas Jefferson it in- herited the Jeffersonian idea of individual freedom and local self-government as opposed to over- centralized authority. That, assuredly, is history, * Who can remember back to the slang cra when “Come off your porch” would have been @ snappy campaign slogan? “Previously,” said Mrs, Abby Scott Baker, Suffragist leader at San Francisco, “we have not blamed‘ the Democrais as we have the Re- publicans because we have taken the position of ‘no got, no can do,’" “Hours of ease” are going to have the same effect on woman in politics that the poet at- tributed to them long before Suffrage thought of. was by The Heme Kialtanion C9 (The Now York Evening World.) JUNE 22, 1920. x ‘ to say much in a few words. In Memory of a Benefactor. To the Editor of The Evening Wortd Would it not be appropriate to manifest our appreciation of the charitable efforts of the late George W. Perkins to place Bear Mountain Park at the public's convénience by naming some mountain or lake or some other point of Interest in Inter- state Park in his honor? It is the least we can do to everlastingly pré- serve the memory of an American who so unselfishly dedicated his life for the préservation of the beauty of America’s finest and most historic waterway, and for the comfort and pleasure of the Americans who enjoy its scenery. Who seconds the mo- tion? JAMES MONTGOMERY CLARK. New York, June 21, 1920. The Church Says “Welcome.” ‘To the Editor of The Erening World: I wonder why so few people attend church? Why do so many people deny themselves the social and spiritual advantages of attending church? A certain writer, describing a stranger's visit to ® modern coun- try, says: “I took him to a cburch and showed him the people at prayer, and told him what the preacher was saying. He turned to me and said, ‘Here there are words of wisdom, but the hearers are few!’ I then led him to one of our popular cabarets, explained to him what was going on there, and\gold him what the cherus girls’ weres singing. ‘Here,’ he re- marked, ‘are words of folly and wantonness, ‘but the hearers are many.’ Why do people deprive themselves of spiritual counsel when they can get it for the mere asking? Why do people spend nights at the theatre instead of going to church.” 'Td all who mourn and need comfort, to all who are tired and need rest, to all who are friendiesn and need friendship, to all who are lonely and need companionship, to all who are homeless and need sheltering Jove, to all who pray and to all who do not, to all who sin and need a Savvur, and to all who will, the church opens wide its doors, and in the name of our Lord, says WELCOME. G. M. Brooklyn, June 16, 1920, Give It a Tr To the Editor of The Evening ‘The title, “Pitiful Ignorance,” which you gave the letter from 4. Feldman, is most fitting. If this reader be- lieved in our country keeping pace with the times and was not in favor of “standpatism,” which would stunt the growth of the nation, he could not express himself in such a selfish maa- 5 ee rimarily the “League of Nation: was our object in the war, as a guard against involving the Unit States in any future wars wherein we have no personal interest, as was the case in the recent one. Secondly our membership would be welcomed by the so-called “weak nations” of the world, who need the influence of a powerful and unseifisn nation suc as ours to champion, protect and [safeguard their interests, whenever | FROM EVENING WORLD READERS _}; What kind of letter do you find most readable? Isn't it the one that gives vou the worth of @ thousand words in a couple of hundred? There is fine mental exercise and a lot of satisfaction in trying Take time fo be brief. they are in the right, so that they wal not be subject. to bullying by the Powerful nations of Europe, as has been the method in the past. Leagué of Nations rendered a de- cision in an international dispute between two nations and thereby pledged all the members of the arms that the nation losing the ver- ict, regardless of how mighty it ight be, would invite national oblit- eration by acting contrary to such verdict. By all means give the League of Nations a trial; it's a step in the right direction. CONSTANT READER. New York, June 20, 1920. A Minority Law. ‘To the Editor of The Brening World: In answer to Henry B. Moloney’s letter in your edition of June 16, I will state that The Evening World 1s perfectly justified in the assertion that a minority and not a majority has forced and made the Eighteenth Amendment @ part of our Constitu- tion. Can Mr. Moloney explain why our friends, the Prchibitionists, have blocked every effort of the majority to put the “dry” amendment to a ref- erendum? For the benefit of Mr. Moloney, I will answer the question as follows Because they (the Prohibition forces) knew in such .event the citizens throughout the country would have overwhelmingly declared in favor of a Uberal “wet” law. Let us hope and trust, for the bene- fit of all liberal thinking and liberty loving people, that some time the American people will elect a Congress that will be free to act in accordance with-the wishes of the majority and not suffer under the lash of a few hypocrites, consisting of “Billy” Bryan and his cohorts, who ought to be deported from the land of the free and home of the brave, A, LELBBON. No. 167 St. Nicholas ‘Avenue, June 20, Consult the ¥. M. ©, A. To tho Editor of Tae Bvening World: I wauld like to get some informa- tion on automobile gas engine assem- bling. Where can you get such instruc- tions? Can a man get a position as apprentice in an automobile factory? What are the wages paid to a jour- neyman and apprentic OFFICE CLERK, Now York, June 20, 1920, Prohibition « Americanism, ‘To the Faitor of The Brentng World: I am not @ Probibitionist but I | congratulate you on placing the ar- | tieley“Says Prohibition Causes Short- | age of Scrub Women,” on your first pai I “gladly acknowledge the \w and value of Prohibition when | poor, downtrodden women are lelevated by the soberness of what were formerly rum-sodden hushands, 1. believe ‘The Evening World wili change ite policy within @ year and It 1s incomprehensible that if tne| league to back up such ruling with | nd UNCOMMON SENSE By John Blake (Copyright, 1920, by John Blake.) BEWARE OF THE MAN WHO WHIN We have just received a whining, complaining letter from a correspondent who objects to a statement that this isn’t a hard or a cruel world. This person, palpably a failure, declares that there is no justice and no opportunity in the world, and that the suc- cessful are continually preying on the unsuccessful. If what he said were true, Abraham Lincoln would never have been President of the United Statds, Lloyd George would still be an obscure Welsh lawyer, old man Clemenceau would be teaching French in a ladies’ seminary in Stamford, Conn. Instead of whining, as does this correspondent, these men set themselves to work to get something out of life. They didn’t deceive themselves with any idea that jus- tice was to be expected, or that opportunity was to be passed around to them on silver platters. They soon perceived that injustice abounds and that opportunity has to be made. But instead of whining at their hard lot they managed to overcome injustice and to make opportunity. There are of course millions of people who do not get a fair chance in life. Injustice is everywhere. The world abounds in crafty rascals ready to take advantage of the weak and the stupid. But, notwithstanding all this, poor boys are making their way to the top right along, and will continue to do so while the world lasts. £ They do not get discouraged with evidences of crook- edness and greed. They make up their minds to get along in spite of these things, and they do. With a single exception, the prominent railroad presi- dents of the United States are men who began their life work as very humble railroad employees. And the one ex- ception admits that he is handicapped by never having held an overall job. Nobody loves a whiner, and a whiner never gets along. The world is as jt is. It is not altogether good, but it is good enough for the man who knows how to live in it. If this correspondent finds it hard and cruel he is get- ting, for one, exact justice. For it ought to be hard and cruel to the whiner. ee ee maminaaeces prove by statistics that Prohibition 1s) say, the savior of our country. “The majority suffer with the few,” but if we can better conditions of the drunkard and his family, I am for Prohibition, Talk of being deprived of liberty! “To hell with my neighbor; what good is he to me?” What we need is more genuine Americaniza- tion and less of the infernal propa- ganda for other countries that are trying to force their ideas into our Ufe. I dislike tg hear a man,.who Bosh! We are leading the world in| was born in America. say, “He is an” temperance and the “soaks” and| (whatever it may be) mentioning the moderate drinkers will admit the| nationality of the individual's father wisdom of our legislators in years to come. We should also modify our cry, “America for Americans!" We are not a selfish race. Hundreds of thousands of imported laborers and workers till our soil, dig our coal and keep us allve, Many of our short- sighted people think we can live a secluded life independent of the rest of the world. Our country would fall behind rapidly were we to refrain or grandfather. Too much hyphen- jam is disgusting and hyphenates should be taught to be Americans t, A man may boast of his an- but he should not forget that is country and speak of him- self as a loyal American, Let us think of America as Amert- cans, but at the same time remember we are not the only Nation on the face of the earth. When we tie our- selves wp within our own borders, we shall svon lead a dog's life. Be Americans, but be charitable, from exporting and importing neces- | Now York, June 17, 1920, YANKEE, pities of life, ‘We cannot live alone, as well wath KO Who’s Who In Making Laws. (@P For Nations (HE twelve distinguished interna- tional jurists, “among them Elihu Root, invited by the Executive Council of the League of Nations to plan the organization of the new Permanent Court bf Inter- national Justice, constitute an im- Pressing array of the world’s most competent authorities on questions of international legislation. Those who accepted the invitation gathered here in mid-Jurie to undertake the task. ‘Those invited were: Baron Descamps, Belgian Minister of State, Professor of Internationa? Law at Louvain University, Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitra- tion of The Hague, and Secretary- General, formerly President, of the Institute of International Law, and writer on international questions. M. Drago, formerly Foreign Min- ister of the Argentine Republic. While holding that office he sent to the Argentine Minister in, Washington instructions known as the Drago Doc- trine (1902). He was formerly Judge in Argentina, one of the arbitrators nominated by agreement between Great Britain and the United States in the North Atlantic Fisheries Arbi- tration, The Hague (1910); one of the Argentine delegates to the Second Peace Conference at The Hague and member of the Pernfanent Court of Arbitration of The Hague. fe Prof. Fadda, professor of Roman law at Naples University. \M. Fromageot, legal adviser to the French Foreign Minister, member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration of The Hague and delegate to the second Hague Peace Conference. M. Gram, formerly a Judge on the mixed tribunals in Dgypt, former member of the Supreme Court of Norway, Minister of State at Stock- holm before the severance of the union between Norway and Sweden, member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague and maem- ber of the Institute of International w. Dr. Loder, member of. the Cour de Cassation of the Netherlands. Lord Phillimore, English Privy Councillor, a Lord Justice of Appeal (1918-1916); President of the Intern tional Law Association (1905-1908 author of publications on ecclesiast cal and international law and “Three Centuries of Treaties of Peace and Their Teaching” (1917); President of Committee of Inquiry ‘appointed by the British Government on the sub- ject of the League of Nations. Elihu. Root, former Secretary @f State; President of the American So- ciety ‘of International Law; Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitra- tion of The Hague, senior counsel for the United States’ in the North At- jantic Fisheries Arbitration at The Hague (1910); member of the Alaskan Boundary Tribunal and head of epe- cial United States mission in Rus- sia (1917). M. Vesnitch, Ambassador Extraor- dinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes at Parla. Satsuo Akidluki, formerly Japaness Ambassador to Vienna, and one of the legal advisers of Japanese Peace | Delegation in Paris, Rafael Altamira, professor of law jin Madrid Univergity; Senator. Clovis Bevilacqua, professor of law and legal adviser to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Brazil. Leviathan Fire Detection System Revealed Crew Smoking After ‘Lights Out’ HE Navy officers who com- | manded the Leviathan when that mighty ship was being used as a transport are still laughing over the humorous manner in which mem- bers of the crew were once caught breaking rules, For the men ‘@ caught smoking off duty “after the smoking light was out” as they say in naval parlance, which is to say that it was against the rules at that hour, and they were caught by means of the ship's fire detection system. Tt appears that the men sought a lower hold far from the haunts of the officers on duty and there, believing themselves carefully concealed, they had begun smoking to their hearts’ content. But the ship's fire detection ~ system consisted of a series of pipes to the holds through »which a suction fan was continually drawing air samples to the wheelhouse, Here the officer on duty noticed the curling wisps of smoke coming from the pipe to one of the lower holds. Not only that, but on investigating the smoke he noticed the old familiar odor of the demon nicotine, itself. Since the pipe line carrying the smoke was labelled it was a matter of. moments to hurry down to the hold, catch the mén in the act and st&#t them on a round of extra duty, which, if it did not cure the longing for a smoke, at least temporarily, re- formed them of smoking aboard ship, And the funny part of it was thet for a long time after that the men were puzzled to know how the officer had traced them. ‘Thé hold was near the bottom of the ship, far from the wheelhouse, and there was not another man within many yards of their position. They knew no officer, had followed them and they thought® at leagt that there was no direct connection between the hold and the wheelhouse. And no one enlightened them during many trips to France and back until one of the men hap- pening to investigate the odd cup-like “smoke collectors” learned that it was the fire detecting system which had proved their undoing, — Coloration of Arc Globes. T is well known that arc lamp globes tend to assume a purple coloration under the action of Nght, a phenomenon due to the pres- ence of manganese, which is used to counteract the greenish coloration which’ would otherwise take place owing to the effect of ferrous salts in the’ glass. Mr. M, Lucklesh, writ- ing in a recent issue of the Electrical World, suggests that in specifications for are globes it should be prescribed | that no manganese is to be used. This | would avold the coloring effect |(which may inyolve ultimately 60 per cent, absorption), and for outdoor globes Ahe slight greenish coloration would not be of great consequence, _ Lamp y — EERE, i " 1