The evening world. Newspaper, February 7, 1918, Page 12

THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1918 Bismarck’s Iron Methods To Stamp Out Socialism Se German War Lords Following the Chancellor in Suppressing Demands for Peace and Freedom — Graphic Descriptionand Prophetic Vision in Letters of the Late Joseph Pulitz When Bismarck ruled Germany he sought to stamp out Bocigtiam with from heel and relentless force are crushing demands of the militariem The late Joseph Pulitzer the Bismarck persecutions. Conditions at that time Some extracts from Mr printed: ust as Hindenburg and Ludendorf to day people for peace and relief from Prussian was in Germany in 187% during the height of His descriptions and impressions of acenca and with prophette force apply to events of today NLESS } am utterly mistaken In the signs of the times, the great revolution of the future will take place in Germany, Conces- sions to the people, recognition of the principles of parlta- the limited political may, perhaps, postpone it for years, mentary government, an enlargement of freedom of the masses, very But Bismarck has chosen the opposite path and insists, on bebalf of the Government and under the plea of the dangers of Socialism, upon powers despotic In their nature and utterly inconfistent with the any intelligent people. cruel and unjust in their effect honor, security and self-respect of For the law agalist the Socialists {s 80 dangerously ample In Its provisions that it could at any time be used against free apeech, free thought of free assemblage of any sort {ste or communistic It not only speaks of “social- societies” but also of all movements or political agitation calculated to * This is a tremendously far reaching provision, and could no doubt be considered to ndermine the existing order of socie mean anything that might please a Minister, It could easily be interpreted to cover any sharp criticism of the Government And who is to have the power to construe the law and execute {t? The the contr usual courts or ordinary tribunals of justice? By no means, On ry, all courts are detiverately pushed aside, and jurisdiction, Without the right of appeal, ts vested in a special bureau every mem ber of which ts appointed by the crown—that 1s, Bismarek HE poor workingmen of the industrial regions of Saxony (the principal t of Socialism), Silesia and the Rhine have no doubt much to complain of. It is hard to support a family on cents a day. It is bard to make even (he poorest workingman or servant girl pay a direct tax to the great Government of Germany. You can- not discuss abstract principles of government with men who are hungry. It $s idle to reason with starvation. ‘The law, however, which Bismarck and the Emperor so vehemently demanded will never suppress Soclulism, His police will never do ft. His policy of blood and tron will never do it Only a policy of giving labor to the idle, bread to the hungry and prosperity to the poor could do it. But this does not seem to be in the power of Bismarck or any mortal under the peculiar circumstances, Germany can never prosper until tt has had real rest peace. It can never prosper until the shackles of militar$ drill and duty which now pervert the powerful arms of the nation from pursuits of peace are broken. It can never prosper until it disarms. It will never prosper until the people have more peace and more liberty, less police and princes, There is, unfort a genuine ately, not the remotest indication or reason for hoping that the present condition will soon be improved by a reduc- tion of either, On the contrary, the limited freedom of the people ts to be still more curtailed, Instead of bread, the people are to receive Bismarck's iron boot, Instead of liberty, the people will have still more military; instead of prosperity, still more police. 1 write it with eincere reluctance, there was not a single day during my recent trip abroad in which I did not hear either through . ation of « and despotic that they would be nay hund for sso arbitrary and unjust, so cru appalling to any ds, of cases could be easily Amertean quoted of persons Dozens, persecuted some foolish words TER the attempts on the Emperor's life every person s tod A of sympathlzing with the Socialisty or workingmen was Hable to be pounced upon by the police, Under charge of tnsultlug His Majesty, arrests were made by the hundreds, A poor boy of elght n or twenty was severely sentenced for sayin "The Empire is a humbug anyway,” a superloyal Judge considering the word Empire as equiva: jent to Emperor and the whole tantamount to “an insult to His Majesty.” Men were charged und imprisoned whose perfect innocence was clearly proven, Even women and children were put in prison, In many cases the trials we et and publicity made impossible by the courts ‘Tbe heavy hand of iron which the Government showed seemed to paralyze even the partially free pr as the whole truth could scarcely be heard in the journals many, ft 1s not strange that foreigners are still less informed about the country's serious condition, “8, and of Ger While ruthlessly trying to crush the Socialism that rose from the peur ple, Bismarck instituted the ystem of monarchical Socialism imposed on Workmen's the people from above neurance, lt age pensions, labor’ bu reaus and a variety of paternaliatic benevolences were extended, but all on condition that the people kept out of politi forgot their individual Mb erties and accepted without question the divine right of the Emperor to rule over them in peace and war On eee Ally ARINO, which t# at war with) Sar aration of war Germany, is the oldest and the |84!nst Germany was not the first in smallest of the world’a republics, 1) iN" ort ; in on a arse. cempn fed by Italt tern pul declaration of war mad i maintained its indepen eibth century against Ch den housand years, with bu Holy Roman Empire, Charle- one brief break. Perched on the high| magne did not the declaration rooks of the Emilian Apennines, over 3 in fact, it is sald, he looking the Adriatic, with which It 18! ied without ever hav heard of connected by @ railroad to Rim 'e) San M or Ate dh tion of war ancient fortresses are almost linpreg-| San Marino ga 4 name from aia, Marinu Roma © mason who San Marino has, or had, an army of | fled from the persecutions of Diocles 100 men, and in former times it was) tlan’s emissarios in Rimini, With « mobilized on Feb. 6 in honor of the} few other Christians, he found sanc national holiday. It was on that date] tua Mount Titano, and there in 1740 that the ancient republic was) laid foundation of the settlement restored, after {t had for a time been| which in future centuries adopted @ subjugated by « neighboring reigning |republican form of government. Aftor house, The intercession gf Rome| the restora tun Marino remained brought about the restoration, so San| undisturbed its powerful neigh Marino's holiday is in the nature of a bors, and ey bre ious festival, independence, Pulitzer’a lettora of forty years ago are herewith| | | Hundreds of Thousands of English Women in WOMEN AGBIOSTING THE PARTS OF TRACTOR A FARM Whale and Other Kinds of Blubber LOWERING SHELLS FROM AN OVER— HEAD CRANE. IN A BRITISH SHELL FILLING FACTORY War Work Having Blubbered About the High Cost of Eats and Drinks, We'll Soon Have a Chance to Blubber About the Tall Price of Blubber, for Whale Meals Are Coming, Thanks to the Unique Discovery of Prof, Delirio Treemens—Speak- ing of Whales, Have You Ever Seen a Live Sardine? BY ARTHUR ( BUGS”) BAER. Comyriaht, 1918 OLKS who have and drinks will soon ket a chance price of blubber, Whale croquettes a the menus of New York's food gara, cutlets good to made In a unique by Prof Delirio Treemens, the famoms Jazabovian scientist. The Prot was loitering in Doc Cook's fingerprints on tho Aurora Borealis when he stepped on a nest of young whales that had not yet learned to fly. ee World.) h cost of eats about the tall © Hreg Mublisting Co, (The New York Le put the hi to blubbe: been blubbering » going to be sewn on all The discovery that whale were t was manner the Arctic looking for he angry mother flapped the Prof for a goal with her flipper, whereupon the Prof lost his temper and bit her on the 4 To tho Profs surprise the angry whale meat tasted very good But being a at for table etiquette, he hesitated about eating live whale with his By the time he had returned with a knife and fork the w ne. However, the Prof secured an under- study for the original whale and toured Jazzbovia with a number two company, He played to packed houses all over iit, The Prof says that whale blubber iy very econamical, as the whale feeds itself, requires no extra tires and is exempt from the draft, Inste f paying eleven dollars and a Standard OM bond for a sirloin steak, wo will be able to put an f ar about six cents and @ cancelled street car transfer, W 8 also easy to cook and whale stew stror resembles ra . Whale chowder is ked like rabbit consomme, as t e recipe is applicable for both First cated r whale, } POOR RICHARD JR. } ° Thee canst not prevent it from getting colder by making the thermometers shorter Fine feathers maketh fino birds, but they don't improve the soup any. The fool |ath no more use for advice than Rameses the Twice hath for an alarm clock Mary hath a litttle lamb, but not en Tuesdays. ee | Have you any income derived from the sale of one eye armadilios to the Peruvian Government? 14 your uncle wealthy enough to throw cout ashes on the kid® slides? Would you call a twelve story building a low skyscraper or a high bungalows What color ts pink? Are you married, single or both? What famous author wore a high hat white taking a bath? How many bartenders and bookmakers are dependent on you? Why do you never see any whipsockets in a Ford? Rid your father carn his own | living or was he a politician? Sun Warplanes’ Chief Foe in Mesopotamia | IRPLANES are being used iA Mesopotamia just as@they t in other theatres of wa r | British find th eyes of the fare as much sun-baked des sorbs the sun's heat as orbs water, that sg on them, This nat id effect on both the to Bee over th ert where they ntal surface offered by the planes & sponge The planes become so you could literally cook an ally has @ wood and the THU RSDAY, FEBRUARY 7, What American Women Must Know About War Ny The English Women Have Learned —A Million and Quarter of Them Have Replaced Men in Trades Industries. By Marguerite Mooers Marshall. Copyright, 1918, by the Press Publishing Co. (The New York OW American women may help win the war, how American wom on the farms, in the munition factories, on the railroads, in the hospitals, at a million essential industrial processes, may set men free for fighting In France, how the substitution of woman power for man power may be managed smoothly, efficiently and justly—the: are questions women all over the United States are asking to-day They are answered in the first war book for women, which has just been published. It ts “Women and War Work,” and the author is Miss Helen Frazer, an official of the British Treasury and one of tho leaders of women's war service in England. Miss Fraser has been in th!s country for sev~ eral weeks, speaking before the Women’s City Club, the students of Vassar College and other repre- In her book she has written the simple, splendid n's army of Pngland, and it is a story of absorbing interest to us who, in the coming months, are likely to face similar problems and serve similar needs. As Mrs, Woodrow Wilson and Dr, Anna Howard Shaw have just written to Queen Mary of England, there is to-day a deep and subtle bond between women there and here. “The woman of all the allies are one In this great struggle,” says Miss Fraser. “Our hopes and our fears, our anxleties and our prayers, our visions and our desolations, are the same. Our work {fs the same task of sipporting and sustaining the energies of our men in arms and of our Nattons at home.” H° many \ we learn sentative grou: eple of the wom Amer an women are going to be needed for war work? some indication of the number of us who must volunteer, om Miss Fraser that In England to-day one million and @ of women are directly replacing men in industry. There are om women making munitions, On the land are 258,300 whole and part-time women workers, and there are 83,000 additional women in Government departments. For the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps, working directly behind the fighting men, recruits are being taken at the rate of 10,000 a month. quarter one mil Our women are in munition factories, but are they, as yet, per- forming the tremendously arduous, delicate and dangerous work assigned to British women? In “Women and War Work” there is a thrilling description of what is being done by women on every sort of war machine. “One girl of twenty-three,” instances Miss Fraser, “the daughter of a famous engineer, is controlling the work of 6,000 women who are working on submarines, guns, afrcraft and all manner of muhitions, 44 UR munition women are in the ship-yards, the engineering shops, the aeroplane sheds, the shell shops, When our great arsenals “nd factories empty, women pour out In thousands. Night and day they have worked as the men have, and it has been no easy or light task “The women handle high explosives in the ‘danger buildings’ for ten and @ half hours in a shift, making and inserting the detonating fuses, where a slip may result in their own death and that of thely comrades. Working with T. N, T. they turn yellow—hands and face and hair--and risk poisoning. They are called the ‘canary girls,’ and if you ask why they do it they will tell you {t isn't too much to risk when men risk everything in the trenches. “There are 1! Miss Fraser, replacing mechanic: 000 women in Government departments,” continues “There are 146,000 on local Government work. They are en chemists In works, doing research, working at dental are tracing plans. hey are driving motor cars in large numbers. Our Prime Minister has a woman chauffeur, “They are driving delivery vans and bringing us our goods, our bread and our milk. They carry a great part of our mall and trudge through v ges and cities with it, They drive our mall vans, and I know two daughters of a peer who drive mail vans in London, “EF knew other women whe never did any work in their Ives who for three years have worked In factories, taking the same work, the same holidays, the same pay as the other girls. Women are gardeners, elevator attendants, conductors on our buses and trams, and tn pro vincial towns drive many of the electric trams, uy the railways they are booking clerks, carriage and engine cleaners and greasers, and carriage repairers, cooks and walters in dining cars, platform, parcel and goods porters, telegraphists and ticket collectors and inspectors, and laborers and wagon sheet re- pairers, “They work {n quarries, are coal workers, clean ships, are parks keepers and cinema operators, They are commercial travellers in large numbers, They are {n banks to a great extent and are now taking banking examinations,” In view of the fact that an appeal has Just gone out from Wash- ington, urging American women to go “back to the soll” this coming spring and supply the farmer's demand for labor, {t 1s interesting to learn from Miss Fraser that large numbers of English women have proved in the Women's Land Army that they can plough, weed, hoe, milk, care for stock and do all the farm work, except the heaviest, extremely well. Also they ire now being trained to drive the motor tractors for ploughing “The girls on the land improve in health and tncrease in welght,” adds Miss Fraser. “The work is not only of supreme usefulness to the country—it has {mproved the physique of our giris.” HERE {8 a special lesson for American parents and American daughters in this conclusion of “Women and War Work": “The war has made more of our fathers and mothers realize the right of their daughters to education and training, and there aro very few parents in our country now who think a girl needs to know nothing very practical, and has no need to go in for a profession, The dear old Victorian dugouts grow fewer and fewer in number,” keep The acts ays |fghting the Turks as th ‘Toanvas used in the planes, France, The natural condition While the planes are in flight Mesopotamia are yery hard on th olness of the upper alr and the gale military plane, t sweeps across the desert There is no molsture in that coun- them comparatively cool. It 1s when try, The alr is very dry. This would they are at rest on the ground where be an ide mdition for alrplanes temperature is so very high that {t were not for the intense } t damage is done by the sun, the sun, explains Popular 8 ves of Mesopotamia weave a pli- Monthly, Long rainy spells mak e, fine matt The British use great trouble for or8 in Buropo this matting as a covering for their because the st ‘ the wood ary airplanes. It not only used in the hines to warp, 1 deal protection from the Mesopotamia thts dimeutty does 1 f the sun, but makes the planes ine ealet, but the lurge expanse of hori-!\ sible te the enemy, Do Round Heads Inspire “Frightfulness>” Bismarck was an of the type of the STUDY of tho shapo of the Ist, that this round, or bullet, head yen German head would have fore- [°° npressee the brain so that Its hue ‘mane and eniightened characte told the mereiiens, unimp4s-| cannot develop, haractertatios | |sloned severity with which the people | excellent example Jot Relgium and other conquered ter-|“home dinaricis* hend. the face of ritory have been treated, according to| which 4s large, the express), belne Ja scientist who has studied the sub-| heavy and fler The English and ject. Mankind 18 classified by the| Scandinavians are pur ng heads,” the photographs o¢ + the British statege Marshal von Hindenburg remarkable difference tenance and expression, 4 |shape of Its skulls and all but 20 per/and a study cent, of the subjects o Arthur Bal long to the “ ¢ dinariels," or round; men, and head group. It theory of Carle Puinl, a distinguished Italian eugen- jin ft e Kat pr be- ening World.) i { 4 ty