The evening world. Newspaper, February 3, 1917, Page 2

2 A ne Ab eee acme HE EVENING WORLD, SATURDAY, PEBRUARY BACKS PRESIDENT WILSON IN U BOAT CRISIS’ NOTHING ELSE LEFT ‘SOOSPECIAL MEN FORTHE.S. 1000,| PLACEDON GUARD - SAYSBERNSTORFF AT EW SUBHAYS: + Dismissed German Ambassa-|P, S, Board's Employes Put dor Not Surprised by Action | | ENTIRE NATION President Marshall. ‘There are limits to endurance be- yond which no self-respecting nation can go. This Gov- ernment cannot permit the defiance of all law of civiliza- “We do not desire any hostile conflict with the Imperial German Gov- | tion by any nation to pass unchallenged.” “Gentlemen of the Congr ‘The Imperial German Government on|¢rnment. We are the sincere friends of the German people and earnstly| Senator Tillman, Chairman of the Senate Naval Com- #be Bist of January announced to this Government and to the governments |46ir¢ to remain ai pelos ay’ ds YOHEIIs BCE MAINT EOE WREL COTES, Sree said: “I’m mighty glad of it. 1 was in favor when I the other neutral nations that on and after the first day of February, | yr heiece it; and we purpore nothing more than the reasonabie Reard of the note first of telling Mr. Bernstorff to pack up Vie present month, it would adopt a policy with regard to the use of Bub-| defense of the undoubted rights of our people. We wish to serve no, his duds and go home to his barbarians. We will do the best | we can, and I have no doubt that we will live up to our past marines against all shipping seeking to pass through certain designed areas | selfish ends record in taking care of ourselves. We don’t take any to use any means that may be necessary for the protectio® of oor seamen and our people In the prosecution of their peaceful and legitimate errands on the high seas. I can do nothing less. I take it for granted that all nent gover"ments will take the same course. cate our right to liberty and justice and an unmolested life. These aré the bases of peace, not war. God grant we may not be chal lenged to defend them by acts of willful injustice on th epart of the @s0vernment of Germany; The speech in 111 follows: pi.the high seas to which it is clearly my duty to call your attention. “We seek merely to stand true alike fn thought and in action to the ; ful ' immemorial principles of our people which I sought to express in my) “Let me remina the Congress that on the eighteenth of April last, in view of the sinking on the twenty-fourth of March of the crose-Channel passenger steamer Sussex by a German submarine, without summons or warning. and the consequent loss of the lives of several citizens of the United States vho were passengers aboard her, this Government addressed ® tote to the Imperial German Government im which it made the following declaration: “ ‘If it 1s still the purpose of the Imperial Government to prose- eute relentioss and indiscriminate warfare against vessels of com- merce by the use of submarines without regard to what the Gov- ernment of the United States must consider the sacred and indis- putable rules of international law and the universally recognized dictates of humanity, the Government of the United States fs at ~ last forced to the conclusion that there is but one course it can pursue. Uniess the German Government should now immediately declare and effect an abandonment of its present methods of sub- marine warfare against passenger and freight carrying vessels, the Government of the United States can have no choice but to sever diplomatic relations with the German Empire altogether.” RECALLS THE GERMAN PLEDGE. “Ia reply to this declaration the German Government gave this Gov- ernment the following assurance: ‘The German Government is prepared to do its utmost to confine the operations of war for the rest of its duration to the fighting forces of the belligerents, thereby insuring the freedom of the seas, a principle upon which the German Government be- leves, now as before, to be in agreement with the Government of the United States. “The German Government. guided by this !dea, notifies the Government of the United States that the German naval forces have recetved the following orders: In accordance with the gen- eral principles of visit and eearch and destruction of merchant vessels recognized by international Jaw, euch vessels, both within without the erea declared as naval war zone, shell not be sunk without warning and without saving human lives, unless these ships attempt to escape or offer resistance. “But, tt added, ‘neutrals can not expect that Germany, forced to fight tor her existence, shall, for the sake of the neutral interest, restrict the use of an effective weapon if her enemy is permitted to continue to apply at will methods of warfare violating the rules of international law. Such a demand would be incompatible with the character of neutrality, and the German Government is convinced that the Government of the United States does not think of making such a demand, knowing that the Government of the United States bas repeatedly declared that it is determined to restore the principle of the freedom of the seas, from whatver quarter it has been violsted.’ “To this the Government of the United States replied on the eighth of May, accepting, of course, the assurance given, but add- fag: ‘The Governmest of the United States feels it necessary to state thet ft takes {t for granted thet the Imperial German Gov. erament does not intend to imply that the maintenance of its newly saneunced policy is tn any way contingent apes the course or re- sult of diplomatic negotiations between the Government of the United States and any other belligerent government, notwithstand- Img the fect that certain passages in the Imperial Government's note of the éth instant might appear to be susceptible to that con- strection. In order, however, to avold any possible misunderstand. Ing the Government of the United States notifies the Imperial Gov. erament that it cannot for a moment entertain, mech lee cuss, @ suggestion that respect by German naval sathorities for the righ‘s of citizens of the United States upon the high seas should In any way or in the slightest degree be made contingent upon the conduct of any other government affecting the rights of neutrals and noncombatants, Responsibility in such matters Is single, not Joints absolate, not relative.’ “To this note of the eighth of May the Imperial German Government made no reply. QUOTES THE GERMAN TAREAT. “On the thirty-frat of January, the Wednesday of the present week, the German Ambassador handed to the Secretary of State, along with a formal note, a memorandum which containa the following statement: “*The Imperial Government, therefore, does not doubt that the Government of the United States will understand the situation thus forced upon Germany by the Entente Allies’ brutal methods of war and by their determination to destroy the Central Powers, and that the Government of the United States etill further realizes that the now openly disclosed intentions of the Entente Allies give back to Germany the freedom of action which she reserved in her note addressed to the Government of the United States on May 4, 1916, “Under these circumstances Germany will meet the illegal meas- ures of ber enemies by forcibly preventing after Feb. 1, 1917, in a zone around Great Britain, France, Italy and in the Eastern Medi- terran all navigation, that of neutrals included, from and to Hngland and from and to France, &c., All ships met within the rope will be sunk.’ “T think that you will agree with me that, in view of this declaration, which suddenly and without prior intimation of any kind, deliberatel# withdraws the solemn assurances given in the Imperial Government's note of the fourth of May, 1916, this Government has no alternative con- sistent with the dignity and honor of the United States but to take the course which, in its note of the eighteenth of April, 1916, it announced that it vould ak in the event tat be Germ in Governme:t did nt decl rr and effect an abandonment of the methods of submarine warfare which it was then employing and to which it now purposes again to resort “I have, therefore, directed the Secretary of State to announce to His Excellency the German Ambassador that al] diplomatic relations het ween the United States and the German Empire are severed, and tbat the American Ambassador at Berlin will immediately be withérawn; and, in dance with this decision, to hand to His Mxcellency his passports. “Betwithotending thir unexpected ection of the German Gov. _ ernment, this sudden and deeply deplorable renunciation of its assurances, given this Government at one of the most critical ~ momants of tension in the relations of the two governments, | Tefuse to helleve th at it is the intention of the German anthoritles to do im fact what they have warned us they will feel at Uberty to _ do, I cannot bring myself to believe that they will indeed pay no regard to theancient friendship betwee® their people and our own ‘or to the solemn obligations which have been exchanged between them and destroy American ships and take the Hves of American eltizens im the wilfel prosecution of the ruthless naval programme they have announced their intention to adopt. Only actual overt $ | i acts om thelr part can make me believe it even now, GIVES WARNING OF DRASTIC ACTION. - “If this inveterate confidence on my part in the sobriety and " pradent fo it of thelr parpose should unhappily prove un- “ founded; if American ships a®d American lives shontd ir fact be 2 sacrificed by their naval commanders in heediess contravention of the just and reasonable understandings of international law and I shall take the liberty of com. ing agai before the Congress, to ask that authority be given me right to liberty and justice and an unmolested life. Address to the Senate only two weeks ago-—Heck merely (0 vindicate our) passes from anybody to go anywhere we please on the seas. | These are the bases! on Watch Till Monday for of peace, not war. by acta of wilful injustice on the part of the Government of Germany!” God grant we may not be challenged to defend them U.S, FORGED TO BREAK RELATIONS. ONLY COURSE OPEN WITH HONOR (Continued from First Page.) bassy attaches, consuls, consular agents and their staffs) are to be brought out of Germany. This makes the sever- ance of relations more complete than is usual in such cases. He was also instructed to help all Americans who wish to} leave Germany. In latest estimates they number 3,000. | Senator Thomas introduced an amendment to the House Revenue Bill proposing an issue of $500,000,000 non-interest-bearing treasury notes to put the nation in a ‘state of naval and military preparedness.” | Breaking off diplomatic relations brings the United | States to the verge of war. Never in the history of the world have two first class powers severed their diplomatic | relations without hostilities following. President Wilson, jin taking the momentous step, has counted the conse- quences carefully, as have all his advisers. | The United States has formally demanded of Ger- many the immediate release of sixty-four Americans who! were taken prisoners on prize ships by the raiders in the, South Atlantic. This demand was sent several days ago. The decision to break was reached after the Presi-| dent's conferences with the Cabinet and members of the | Senate yesterday. The President, by those conferences, | came to the conclusion that the country would stand solidly behind him in breaking off diplomatic relations with Ger- | many. | A similar course of action will be taken by the Presi- dent toward other Central Powers should the same deter- | mination to wage relentless warfare be officially decided | upon by them, and the decisions officially communicated to this Government. LANSING CALLED BY WILSON. The President called Secretary of State Lansing to the White House at 10.30 and informed him of his deci- | sion. Lansing refused to comment when he left the White | House. | Breaking off diplomatic relations with Germany does | not mean war, but easily may lead to war. It is an act of protest characterized in the usage of nations as a “measure short of war.” The Navy Department to-day issued orders to admit no one into any naval station of the United States but em- ployees. This is taken as a precautionary measure. Guards have been trebled at all stations. The United States war fleet is now assembled at Guantanamo for target practice. Secretary Daniels reiterated that the winter cruising orders of the Atlantic Fleet had not been changed. He met | with a smile questions as to what orders were in contem- | plation. Bureau chiefs of the Navy Department have been | | instructed to give out no information in future without spe- | cific orders from the Secretary himself. THREAT OF WAR BY CHAIRMAN FLOOD. “If an American ship is sunk by a German sub-| marine,” said Chairman Flood of the House Foreign Af. | fairs Committee, “it will be followed immediately by a! declaration of war by Congress.” | the Naval Bill was being considered. Some of the pacifist element, headed by Representa- tive Callaway of Texas, decried the possibilities of the, United States being drawn into the war. “I can’t conceive that we should go into the war over a little zone around Great Britain,” said Callaway. “keep cool” and hear what the President had to say. LODGE HEARS THE NEWS, One of the first to hear the news was Senator Lodge of | Massachusetts, Republican, of the Foreign Relations Com: | mittee. | “Can that be true,” he fairly shouted. “I did not be- | lieve the President would do it. I thought there would. be) | another note, I’m with him,” the Senator emphatically de- clared, pounding his desk after a moment's hesitation. | Now we'd better sce to it that our marines prevent the dis- | mantling of any more German ships in our harbors.” “It is sincerely to be hoped that this neces: ry break | will not drag the United States into the war,” said Vice | Congress ought to unanimously to back up the Presi. | of Wilson. | “Patriotic Reasons.” dent to the limit, just like we did McKinley.” | WASHINGTON, Feb. 3.—"I am not “It was the only thing that ¢6uld be done,” said Sena-| Win Wihbmad thLt cttteae nie | that the Public Bervice, Comantataa tor Chamberlain, Chairman of the Military Affairs Com. Germany had been broken lone with | had detailed 600 of its 2,000 engineer. mittee. “I thought last night that this would happen,” s: Senator Fletcher. WANTS SOME ACTION LIKE DEWEY’S. “Now we must look out for something like Dewey at Manila,” remarked Senator Sheppard of Texas. “The President has done the only thing that any self- respecting nation could do,” said Senator Reed of Mis- souri. “TI approve the President’s action,” said Senator Poin- dexter, Republican. “I think the country will unitedly support it. It was the only thing to do.” “We have to show our virility as a nation,” asserted Senator Saulsbury, Democrat. ‘Any other course would merely be a postponement of what we are doing now.” Representative Butler, Republican, Pennsylvania, an- nounced in the House that if he were a member of the Naval Committee he would move immediately to pass unanimously the Navy bill under consideration. He said Republicans had a resolution ready to offer to make the appropriation available and to open navy and ship yards to rised |!" employees to act ag special ga- ople in| trolmen guarding the new subways jfrom & o'clock to-day until Menday jmerning, when the regular foreee of 4 j laborers and mechanics will return ; Government will not be ai \elther,” he added, Berlin knew what was dou: pen if they took the acti h | taken, However, I have simply been here to carry out the orders of my,‘ Work Government. [ have had no official! An official of the Publie Service information either from my Govern.|Commission said there had been no ment or from the United States since| Warnings received of any plot to I presented the note which brought damage the new subways, but that this about.” the precaution of guarding the work Mr. Woolsey of the State Depart-|had been undertaken for patriotic ment delivered to Mr. von Bernstorff | reasons, at 1.57 P. M. to-day pasports for the| ‘The order to patrol and guard the Ambassador, his wife, the Embassy |new subways was issued by Dante) Staff and his suite, which comprised | Turner, Chief Engineer of the Publi¢ more than a hundred persons. A Service Commission, Presumably fe believed to be substantially the jreceived his instructions from the P as the President's address to commission as @ body or from sénte | Congress, was included. one of the Commissioners empowered | Attach of the kmbassy were with authority, None of the Com- called to the Ambassador's library | missioners was at the body's offlee immediately after and told what had |in the Equitable Building this after- happened. Many began eraring. te noon. remove their personal effect ‘Be! Extra police guards were placed Embassy itself quickly became jon duty at the City Hall this after- The clicking of typewriters o ;Noon, although there were no city and clerks stopped working to talk of | officiais in the building. A policeman Possibilities of war and how they patrolling the front entrance of the were going to get back to Germany. puiiding ed all who sot it to at von Bernstorf apparentiy onicy their names and busin was much affected. When the infor- eqveesesipen mation came to him his eyes moist- ened and he said to a correspondent of pe Asso bio : i 64 “I'm 80 sorry lowever, I expect: it, There was nothing cise lett for | Blete tm New London Near Cargo the United States to do, I wonder coe Gee how 1 am to get home?” | NEW LONDON, Conn, Feb. 3A The Ambassador and other oMficials tool shop on the State pier, @ portion of the Embassy seemed to feel this of which pier is leased by the Eastern PE 8-SETWEN” CERN. FEPOTED OT SHEARS PRPPLING THEIR LINERS HELD I TS PORT Admits Sending Two Telegrams About Note After Lansing Saw the Reporters. WASHINGTON, Feb. 3.—W. Ww. Price, a newspaper correspondent at| the White House, named by Mra. (Continued From First Page) Ruth Thomason Visconti, according ieee to Thomas W. Lawson, as a “go- between" for Secretary Tumulty and others in alleged Wall Street opera- Dlicable to other ships in this harbor. Ject only to gucb rules as are ap-| earet that the break was immi- | jorwarding Company for storage and nent, although they sald they had no|ierging of cargo. for the. German |detinite information that it was! iinmersible marcha in Deueaane j coming. |land, was burned to The loss | Germany's diplomatic intereste in’ was «mall. in the Pp was metal the United States will be assumed | used in the pier construction work, by the Swiss Legation, Count von Bernstorff announced \“After Count Bernstorff had called Paul Ritter, the Swiss Minister, on | the telephone and asked him to take ‘charge of the Embassy, Dr, Ritts | hurried over to the German Emba | building and the two men held a con- i ference, After that Count von Bern- | storff declined to answer questions. ‘Ask the Swixn Minister,” #aid he. | private citizen now.” of the transfer of ombass: ects will be arranged whi the German Ambassador says goodby GAS. HEARTBURN “INDIGESTION OR 4 SICK SROMACH the en The news of the break was received in the House as | Republican Leader Mann admonished the speakers to|”’: Steam at Yew Orleans, NEW ORLEANS, La. Feb. Dock Roard official here to-day ordered the two German ahd three Austrian steam lers which took refuge in this port at | the beginning of the war to be ons connected with the neutrality note leak, categorically denied be- fore the Congressional Investigating Committee to-day that he had any knowledge of the President's note from the White House or any con- nection whatever with Secretary Tu- Multy in the matter. | It Was not until thirty minutes af. | ter Secretary Lansing had announced | that a note had been sent that Price, | according to his statement, learned | of 418 existence. Shortly hefore noon, | he suid, he sent two telegrams, one to Finley, Barrel & Co. Chicago brokers, and another to Frederick | C, Aldrich, of Chicago, advising that & note was coming, peace 30 KILLED IN EXPLOSION. | 344 Injured in Blow. leebreake: PETROGRAD, Feb. 8 (via London). —An explosion occurred on board the) leebreaker Techeliouskine while the vea- | ae] was unloading at Archangel, accord: | tng to an off: to-day. It tn ed tl persons lost their hves. a fort our Persons about thirty Three hundred were tnjured, -nine of them severely. Tire spread | Various parts of the wharf and dam- aged a number of buildings. pleted How New York Brokers View the, Break With Germany, | There is no mistaking the feeling in| banking circles over the news of a| veak with Germany, The President's action is strongly commended by many financiers Seward Prosser, president Bankers’ Trust Company, said “Although this does not mean neces parily war, it is almost sure to lead to it The first overt act on the part of Germany would mean wi ¢ cannot b Allies now in im but we em how they can’ count on 1,000,000 by next fall and of the B= sa necesear # Allies with shipments of muni: and let them have all the money y want.” yur country can take care of it eelt, come what will,’ waa Henry | Clew'a comment. "We are better than any nation on earth in time of peace or in time of war, thanks to Almighty God for giving us a superabundance of everything for — self support, even though we were walled tn “The banking community: views the Fituation with composure, confident in the wisdom and strength of our & ernment. a8 well as in the resources 4d patrioti Kk you to stand by our Pr maniry and all will be w Barton Hepburn, Chi “hase National Hank, si cannot be acused of | Ho has certainly striven to but war has come. The patience. avoid war, severance of relations means war. “It must be assumed that Germany will carry out her declared purpose of ral commerce, and when sha some overt act ft an only bo ame army and navy Corres conned st he duty t will be the prid and pletsure of gvery one, to sup the Prastde: > Two Ganb Guard Five Teaton removed nto inidstrenm Just opposite the naval tion. The United Btates gunboats tine and the Smith, port officla u tand. have avsigned wuard the five steamers, 2,000,000 more men tne year]. t wo will undoubtedly do is to) } and the United States did not any considerable effect in Ho- where the largest German ohips have been since the beginning of the European war. In case of « declaration of war by the United 8t: against Germany, or by Germany against the United States, the bo! the Navy and the police departmente ef the different cities within the pert, would immed: g ly seize the German liners as prizes of war. Similar seizures would be made in othe: There appears to be no that any of the big German v. could make a dash for the open They have been ted up at docks for thirty months, most of them resting on the bottom at low tide and are undoubtedly foul outside and in. To 0 to sea legally they would have to clear, and British warships are wait- ing outside Ambrose Channel. If they should attempt to leave vort is | without clearing through the Custom | House they would be stopped by the | United States destroyers at the en- tr ce to the harbor, ¢ oMcials of the Hamburg-Amer- {ean Line held a meeting at the offices, No. 43 Broadway, at noon to- day, OMfces of the North German Lioyd were closed. CARGO CARRYING CAPACITY OF! THE GERMAN SHIPS HERE. The following ts the cargo carrying capacity of the German and Austrian yesuels which are docked or anchored Locatios H gbove? 'dandruff or any falling hair, and the; reokiyn 20878 = ; as ih Bt! Tolal ‘suinber’ of vemels 31 ‘Total cara tora, 184.00 In other territorial waters of the are German and A the number of which y one hundred, and which gross tonnage inight amount to tons or more—or possibly rly one-fourth of the tota lost tonnage of the Allies, totals nea in mn Armory at 4, Mase, SPRIN Mass, Feb, 3.~On request of (. W. 8 Petree, Commandant at the United States Armory here, and with the approval of Mayor I’, 1, Stacy, -one police officers were to-day de- tailed to temporary night duty inside the ‘ounds by Chief of Police “ill supplement the detach- “five regular army men. Quilt 5 meat of fifty +) this = PAIN, PAIN, PAIN, to Secretary Lansing. | Count von Rernstorff said he did not | know the manner of his leaving the | | United States or what steps would have to be taken | “This is my first experience of the | he said, “and I will have to in- | form myself.” | _ Tt te thought doubtful by some that | the Entente allies will grant any such safe passage as Was granted to the | Austrian Ambessador, In that event | the German Ambassador might choose |to go to Bouth America or to Mexico —_——— |MAN KILLED ON BROOKLYN ‘L’ jJampe er Falls Before Train—Mis | Head Drops to the Street. An unidentified man ether jumped or fell in front of an eastbound elevated railroad train at the Saratoga Avenuc Jand Fulton Street Station, ®rooklyn, afternoon, and was instantly | killed, The victim's head dropped to | street, while t of his body was to firmly Wedged under the trucks of one of the cara that it took half an! hour to eatricate it, traffic betng tied | up in the meantime, The man was about fifty years old. weighed about! | 1% pounds and wore dark clothing —— the | Germans F in Coanter Atiacks on Rige Frent. PETROGRAD, Feb. 8 \Via London), | Heavy attacks have again been made} |by the Germans on the Ruaaian lines |east of Kalnzem in the Riga but without impairment of the i: | positions. the War Office announce: = day. 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