The evening world. Newspaper, August 20, 1907, Page 3

— ei _ standpoint*of the intérests of the peonle * 9 whoic. fn dealing with the relations of the 5 taynen-the Constitution was created none of. the conditions ~atty to-be-educated-20-that-they-may~see-what-the-reat-wrongs are and THE EVENING WORLD, ROOSEVELT how to- FFSTVISIEFIFTLS FEFFOTIGFFE the public weal, and this is the spirit which we must s day whenever it is necessary. “The utterly changed condition of our national life necessitate changes fn certuin of our laws, of our governmental methods. Our federal system of government ts hased upon the theory of leaving to eich community, -each State. the control over those things which affect only Its own ers and which the people of the locality themscl sas ean best grapple with, while providing for najional regulation in those matters. which necessarily affect the nation as a whole. “Tt seems to. me that such questions as hational soverelanty and State's Mights need to be treated not ampirically or academically, but from tho fonal. sovereienty 45 to be upheld in so far as t means the sovereianty of the people &: for the real and ultimate good of the people, and State's rights are to be ‘upheld in’so far as they mean the people's rights. Especially is this true people as a whole to the great Cor? porations which are the djstinguishing feature, of modern business condl- , tons, sae 2 NEW LAWS FOR NEW CONDITIONS: “@xpertence has, shown that It is necessary to exercise’ a far more) ‘eMficient control than at present over the business use of those vast for-| tunes, chiefly corporate, which are used (as under modern conditions they lmost {avariably are) in ‘interstate business, | of modern business existed. They are:wholly new and we must create new agencies to deal effectively with them, There is no objection in the minds of this people to any man's earning any amount of money if he does it honestly and fairly, if he gets it as the result of special skill and enterprise, as a reward of ample service actually rendered. But there is a growing determination that no man shall amass a great fortune by special privileges, by chicanery and wrongdoing, so far as it is in the power of legislation to prevent; and that the fortune when amassed shall not have a business use that is anti-social. “Most large corporations do a business that Is not confined to any one _Btate, Experienco has shown that the effort to control these corporations | --..by_mere. State action cannot produce wholesome results. In most cases, guch effort fails to correct the real abuses of which the corporation Is or” may be guilty; while in other cases the effort is apt to cause either hard-) ghip to the corporation itself, or else hardship to neighboring States which have not tried to grapple with the problem {n the same manner; and of! course we must be as scrupulous to safeguard the rights of the corpor tions as to exact from them in return a full measure of Justice to the) public, NEED FOR ACTION PRESSING. “1 believe in a national incorporation law for corporations engaged in interstate business. 1 believe, furthermore, that the need for action is most pressing as regards those corporations which, because they are common carriers, exercise a quasi-public | furtio®, an4 which con be co w.plete! ccntroiled in all respects | by the Federal Government, by the exercise of the power con- | ferred under the interstate commerce clause, and, if necessary, under the post-road clause ofthe Constitution. During the last few years-we-have taken marked strides in advance along the road of proper regulation of these railroad corporations, but we must not stop in the wark. The National Government should exercise over them a similar supervision and Control to that which it exercises over national banks. We can do this only by proceeding farther along the lines marked out by the recent national legislation. MUST NOT BE ALLOWED TO ESCAPE. “In dealing with any totally new set of conditions there must at the outset be hesitation and experiment. Such has been our experience in deal- ing with the enormous concentration of capital employed in interstate busi- ness. Noptonly the legislatures hiit the courts and the people need gradu-| what the reg] remedica. “Almost every big business concern’ Is engaged in Interstate commerce and such a concern must not be allowed by a dexterous shifting df poalion as-bas bec) too.often the casein the past, to escape thereby ail ete Dility either to State or to nation. The American people became firmly con-| vinced of the need of control over these great aggregations of c pital, espe- | cially where they had a monopolistic tendency, before they became quite | clear as to the proper way of achieving the control. Through their repre-| sentatives in Congress they tried two remedies, which were to a large de-| gree, at Jest as interpreted by the courts, contradictory. “On the one hand, under the entl- 7 prohibit all combination, whether tt maar a cae oes teaeani| to the public. On the other hand, through the Interstate ominerseniae a beginning was made {n exercising such supervision and .control over | “Hetp Wan‘ed [CHING TAUST To-Day wagons crsnssete MUST REPORT 10, SERVE BDRD a) 1 | 19 a ‘i > All Gas and-Electric Concerns Ordered to File Documents Within Thirty Days. TUESDAY, AUG. 20, 1907. 10 Harness Makers... 2 13, 2 Housework . Bairdresears.. Hort Ironers mission to-day, lnsioner Maltble, Mitng for Informa- ctric compa as property | combinations as to prevent their doing anythng harmful to the body politic. ! LAWS MUST BE PASSED.” -pimattons—which,whether-beesuse-of thelr extent or of thelr character, are RESORT TO CRIMINAL PROSECUTION. o Ultimately the National Government must pass laws which, while increasing the supervisory and regulatory power of the Government, also permit such useful com- pinations as are made with absolute openness snd as the representatives of the Government may previously approve, peuuueownnnnnr ee Almost every big business concern is engaged in inter- state commerce, and such 4 concern must not be allowed, by dextrous shifting of position, as has been too often the case in. the past, to escape thereby all responsibility either to State or nation. - RO nae { iephe first law, the so-called: Sherman law, has filled “a useful place, for {t bridges over he transition period until the American people shall definitely make up its mind that it will exercise over the great corporations that thoroughgoing and radfcal control which It s certain ultimately to find necessary) ‘The principal of the Sherman aw so far as It prohibits com- harmfful to the public must always be preserved. “Ultimately, and I hope with reasonable speed, the, Na- tional Government must pass las ‘which, while increasing the supervisory and regulatory power of the Government, also SSS SGS HHSTIIIPTIFPOFSISIFSOIIIFES PFIVESSSSFSISSIGSGS PFSIFFISISIIBS: STRIKING POINTS IN THE PRESIDENT’S SPEECH ON THE TRUSTS. -fallroad corporations, but Ccosnsnessnncanneceressecesececena ssenssceoeoeneesentesnees seeeseens The directors Company to-day !ssued a pamphlet to) TUESDAY, AUG UST 20, 1907. ACCUSES TRUSTS OF FOR FSP IEVISSSSSSS9SSSIE VHS IEDISISSSIIFIOVOOIPIFISISIIFFFS PFIPSSSHSOOOHFF9S saaveoeesees0990" We have found by actual experience that a jury which will gladly punish a corporation by fine, for instance, will acquit the individual member of that corporation if we proceed against them criminally, because of those. very things which the corporation which they direct ant con- trol has done. : ae During the last few years we have taken marked strides In advance atong the ECA of proper regulation of we! must not stop\in the work. « CING PANIC . © 3 3 I believe In a Nationa! Incorporation law for corpora< = tions engaged in interstate business. s ® There Is, unfortunately, a certain number of our fel- 3 low countrymen who seem to accept the view that unless ) a man can be proved guilty of some particular crime he # shall be counted a good citizen, no matter how Infamous . the life he has‘led, no matter how pernicious his doctrines y ot his practices. . , . Such a view js wicked whether z applied to capitalist or labor leader, to rich man or poor bs} man. ioe sepecnecessasensecescesnnesecereoinenesstseasacananansncensensesesscesasesecee sesetese’ OIL TRUST DECLARES ROOSEVE ICTATED FINE OF $29,240 ———— of the cane of rebate nply the legal- It should be ne verdict Was obtained by the Most hair- posible that this is lor: atecet bi ity of known tha ation Standarg Ol i f binations as are made with absolute {ts employees and stockholders relative | the Government upon permis such suse tuy con ives of the Gove! nment ma to the fine of $23,240,000 imposed on the | splitting technicality, alded by the openness and as the representatives of the s0veU y Srandard Oil Company, of Indiana. The|fisorous exciuston of gvidence th previously approve. But it will not be possible to permit such pamphlet contains a statement from) Would have removed all presumption of Sa ss Fi i President Moffett, of the Indiana Com- | Built. combinations save as the second stage in a course of process pany, and some editorials favorable to| “I¢ the judgment in question be al- will be ings of which the first stage must be the exercise of a far more complete control by the National Government. “In dealing with those who offend against the anti-trust and Interstate commerce Jaws the Department of Justice has to encounter many and great difficulties. Often men who have been: guilty of violating these laws have | really acted-in criminal fashion, and if possible should be proceeded against | criminally; and therefore it ip advisable that there should-be-a-cinuse in} these laws providing for such criminal action, and for punishment by 1m-} prisonment as well as by fine. “But, as je well known, fn & criminal action the law !s strictly con- rued {n favor of the defendant, and tn our country, at least, both judge and jury are far more inclined to consider his rights than they are the interests of the general public; while in addition it 1s always true that aj man’s general practices may be so bad that a civil action will le when it} may not be possible to convict him of any one criminal act. not: “There is unfortunately a certain number of our fellow countrymen who seem to accept the view that unless a man can be proved guilty of some particular crime he_ shall be counted a good citizen, no matter how infamous the life he has led, no matter how pernicious his doctrines or his practices. This is the view announced from time to-time with -clamorous insistence, now by a group of predatory capitalists, now by a group of sinister ‘anarchistic leaders and agitators, when a Spe- cial champion of either class, no matter how evil his general life, is acquitted of some one specific crime. “such a view 1s wicked whether applied—fo capitalist or labor leader, to rich man or poor man. But we have to take this feeling into account when we are debating whether it 1s possible to get a conviction in & criminal proceeding against some rich trust magnate, many of whose ac- tions are severely to be condemned from the moral and social standpoint, but no one of whose actions seems clearly to éstablish such technical guilt! as will insure a conviction. “As a matter of expediency, in enforeing the law against a great Cor- poration, we have continually to weigh the arguments pro and con aa to whether a prosecution can auccesstully be entered into, and as to whether We can be successfu) in a criminal action against the chief Individuals in the corporation, and if not, whether we can at least be successful in a civil action against the corporation Itself. Any effective action on the part of the Government Is always objected to, as a matter of course, by the wrong- doers, hy the beneficiaries of the wrongdoers, and by their champions; and often one of the most effective ways of attacking the action of the Govern- ment 1s by objecting to practical action upoi the ground that tt does not go far enough. : “One of the favorite devices of those who are really striving to prevent the enforcoment of these laws {3 to clamor for action of such neverity that {t-cannot be undertaken because it will be certain to fall If tried. An {n- since of this ta the demand often made for erfminal proseoutions where such prosecutions would be certain to fail, We have found by actual experl- ence that a jury which will gladly punish a corporation by fine, for instance, will acquit the Individual members of that corporation If we proceed against them ctiminally because of those very things which the corporation which they direct and contro! has done. 2 WILI BE REACHED IN CRIMINAL CO URTS. “In a recent case against the Licorice Trust we indicted and tried the two corporations and thelr respective presidents. The contracts and other fransactions establishing the gullt of the corporations wore made through, ind eo far as they were In writing were signed by, the two presidents. Yet) the jury convicted the ty corporations and acquitted the two men. Both | verdicts could not possibly have been correct, but apparently the average | jJuryman wishes to eee trusts broken up ‘and is quite ready to fine thc poration {tself, but is very reluctant to find the facts ‘proven beyond & trasonable doubt’ when {t comes to sending to jail a reputable member of the bueiness community for doing what thé ‘pustness community hae unhap~ pily grown to recognize as well-nigh normal in business. Moreover, under the necessary technicalities of criminal proceedings, often the only man Who can be reached criminally will be some subordinate who {s not tite real guilty party at all. “Many men of large wealth have been eullly of conduct which from the moral standpoint is criminal, and their misdeeds are to a paculiar degree reprehensible, because those commit- ting them have no excuse of want, of poverty, of weakness and-ignorance.to)-offer_as partial atonement. When, _in addi- tion to moral responsibility, these men have a legal responsi- to ha of or No su m: i ne corporat ‘gy | nish within th 6| tive ‘to evch company equired to fur- documents rela- perated or con- 18 y them, w Jeane or : , by stock ownérakip or by Curters +20 Jot n “ Lae aii Mtasleak hy OD risers 20|join( agreement, These documenta may ne an Al \Ibe jaworn copies or verified: copies of the Dent. peyeinphen ys 44 | originals, und {f fled in a public oftce Dishivashera Seainstronsgs ¢ ‘Drivers Hhipping Clerks Lai: as nohtees, etating fn Embroiderera/ belo iaiies Engravers Farm Han Feoders Fintehers . Firemen . § and oth: now maint Typewriters (FY Up Varniabers .. y strests. a HUNDREDS ON STEAMER AGROUND IN POTOMAC. WASHINGTON, Aug, 9.—The Norfolk nd Washington Steamooat Companys passenger steamer Nortolk r in a fog curly Maryland and up toa thiv afternoon had not cleared wenstaeaw & ; — Manne ony LODO, : ®yery week, month and year, The » World prints more “Help Wanted’ ; Ws. than any three other New! capes EY See ST = roveral ‘undred many them the company taken from various nows- ~ | papers. The introductory statecnent of the pamphlet follows: “The directors of the Standard Ot] Company, in printing this pamphlet, de- sire:to emphasize for the half million people directly interested in its wel- fare the asmurancé of the company's absolute any of the prosecutions lately Instl- tuted against Ht in the Federal courts. Particularly is this go in the present Chicago and Alton Rallroad case, made §29,420,000 Imposed on the Standard U2!) poy Company of Indiana. “It whould be known as widely as obtaining our ends. honestly and used !t wisely, and respect. Business can only be done under modern condtions through and rigtd obedience to the law. every honest corporation, and our policy means in its ultimate analysis a healthy and prosperons expansion of business activities, of honest business lowed to stand, the company [forced to pay $20,000 (that Is, fifty the vulue of the oll) for every ca carried over the Alton road d years at an opan 6 cent fate used over three competing ralirouds for from \en to fourteen years. “Administration” Bening It “The case has been taken On appeal to the higher courts, io wich we must look for that calm Jidgment which fescue the Hgts of the citizen from the field of public clamor and from the domain of vindictive politics “$0 persis and heen the warfarew the overpowerlng authority of the val Administration against the ard Ot] Company that it has manifestly diMicnit to get {nnocence of wrongdoing in orious by the sensational fine of sti bee: of course, received countless requests and suggestions, public and private, that I should y or do something to ease the situa- tion, There is a world-wide financial disturbance, It is felt in the Bourses of Paris and Berlin, and British consols are lower, while prices of railway securities have also depreciated. On +he-New—York Stock-Exchange-the disturbance has been par- ticularly severe, most of it 1 believe to be due to matters not particularly confined to the United States and to matters wholly unconnected with any governmental action, but it may well be that the determination of the Government, in which, gentle- men, it will not waver, to punish certain malefactors of great wealth has been responsible for something of the troubles, at least to the extent of having caused these men to combine to bring about as much: financial. stress as they possibly can in order to discredit the policy of the Government and thereby to secure a reversal of that policy so that they may enjoy the frults of their own evil-doing. “That ney have misled many good people into believing that there should be such reversal of policy is possible. If so, | am sorry, but it will not alter my attitude. Once for all, let me say that as far as | am concerned, and for the eighteen months of my Administration that remain, there will be no change in the policy we have steadily pursued, and no let up in the effort to secure the honest observance of the Taw, for t regard this contest as one to determine who shall rule this Government— the people through their Governmental agents: or a few ruth- less and determined men whose wealth makes them particu- larly formidable, because they hide behind the breastworks of corporate organization. “1 wish there to be no mistake on this point. It {s {dle to ask me not prosecute criminals, rich or poor. But.I desire no less emphatically to it understood that we have undertaken and will undertake no action a yindictive type, and above all, no action which shall inflict great. unmerited suffering upon the innocent stockholders and upon the pub- as a whole. “Our purpose is to act with the minimum of harshness compatible with Ip the man of great wealth who has earned his wealth we recognize a good citizen worthy of all praiso rporations, and our purpose 1s to heartily favor the corporations that do well. “The Administration appreciates that Iberal bat honest profit for legiti- mate promoter’ and gererous dividends for capital employed. either Jn-foung- ing or continuing an honest business venture are the factors necessary for iccess{ul corporate activity and therefore for geuera}ly prosperous business conditions, fair dealing as between man and man “All these are compatible with Our alm fs to help every honest ran, en and honest corporations. WILE BENEFIT -WAGEWORK ERS. ~ bility which can be proved so as to impress a judge and jury- “I yery earnestly hope that the legislation which deals with the regu- then the Department will Strain every nerve to reach them lation of corporations engaged in interstate business will also deal with criminally. Where this is impossible, then it will take what- the rights and Interests of the wageworkers employed ny those corpots, Hon will be most effective under the actual conditions tions. actlun was taken by the Congress last year limiting the number of pencreacugy Be a a ei eat nat ineravlainG SOM. na | hours that railway employees should be employed. The law ts a good one; no corporation so powerful that he or It sands above the possibility of Pa TA ese nanty It) proves” necessary (to) strengthen {tt (must be punishment under tne law. ‘ M 5 | BLAMES TRUSTS FOR “PANIC.” , “We have now secured a maligna Hie aea liability law, “During the present trouble with tne stock market I have,’ ut ultimately a more far-reaching. ant thorough-going law as Palin fa eae must be passed. It is monstrous that a man or woman who is & crippled in an industry, even as the result of taking what are the For Story of Mardi Gras Coupon See Page 4. necessary risks of the occupation, should be required to bear the whole burden of the loss. That burden should be distrib- bos ofr sf ofr ets ofr Sa ad she of oft ote ote oft ofe oe oh Oe uted and not placed solely upon the weakest individual, the one se 2 : fe least able to carry it. By making the employer liable the loss S Official Voting Coupon. will ultimately be distributed among all the beneficiaries of the This Ovupen Entittes the Holder to Ope Voie, for the Meet rg business. Feaciae 3 Brot 10, fe Po, im “1 nose professed friends of liberty who champion licenre are the worst p+ MARDI GRAS FESTIVAL AT CONEY ISLAND ! foes of liberty, and tend by the reaction their violence causes to throw the ’ Government back into the hands of the mon who champion corruption and ty With the Lady» of His Chetoe, Will Be Crowred ; a KING AND! QUEEN ot tne RNIVAL of PRINCE PLENTY Week of Sept. 10. WILLIAM B. LAKE, PRESIDENT C. J. M, G. I vote for... .seeeee ca Sa me + or to th as ot.. Ween ates reccestsesesrerrsersteascrseres Contest Cloren Sept. 10, 1907. & afl VOTES EVERX mi MARDI GRAS TTOR. Bi he ae aay ae te a a te yo mar = Werlts jons kx] it in! Brenx.-658 B. 140th et.; Untown. 181 Bread war: ‘erlorn, 1 '* Leith st. m3 a It “Seo heed ofr ote ote fs feof os safes hs os Bs BR development than a plutocracy, w Joctal ind governmental taeal where wealth by and of Itself 1s held up as the greatest good. expression {h the Ife of a man who accumulates a vast fortune In ways that are repuyiant to every the name of order. So it is with this movement for securing ranny in and equality of opportunily so far as it can be tice toward all men, j #ecured by governmental action. “The rich man who with hard arrogance declincs to consider the rights | and the needs of those who rre loss well off, and the poor man’ who excites | indulges in envy and hatred of those who are better off, are allke allen the spirit of our national life. Each of them should learn to apprectate e baseness and degradaton of his point.of view, as evil in the one case in the other. There exists no more sordid and unlovely type of social for there fs a pecullar unwholesomeness In ‘The materialism of such a view, whether {t finds its instinct of generosity and of fair dealing, or whether in the vapidly useless and self-indulgent Ife of the finds its expression {s contemptivle in the eyes of all men capable of heritor of that fortune, thrill of lofty feeling. “Where the power of the law can be wisely used to prevent or to mint- mize the acquisition, of business employment of ‘guch' wealth ‘and to make pay by income or inheritance tax its proper share of the burden of the overnment, I woGld invoke that power ~dthout 4 moment's hesitation.” ae aged with all * fair heartuw ina large Intter, to to the roof of the latter {t may bi that in the President's mes not ange of May 4, 1006, atinck wns} Sande on the standard O11 Com-) for the purpose of forcing. age of the bill remit A alcoh. pany the pi the duty on denata menanre in which ed. Janne of report © company On May 1757— Comminsioner | on petroleum wan not tnte the 1906, Garfield transportation, n tisaue of old mitarepresentations, waa timed to! influence the Hiepbarn Rate bill ‘On May 20, © ndis bad wtill) ton the Judgment Alien” eam minisstoner Smith's tlogieal partisan report on pipe lnes then before 1907, while muder conal rat second /tepart n't a wholly | evidence of a combination tnfluenc’ | PYE H, CHAVASSE (London, England) , | In his “Advice to Mothers” he “heart-to-heart”” tik le genet ally made over # box of Loft's, There ly @ sweet sentiment connected with the very thought of It and an appe- theing relidh while eating It. special forthis WADNASDAY LEMON AND ORANGE 10¢ CHOCOLATE COVERED NUTTED CREAM WAFERS... POUND MOOSE opouND 196 st ai erated aa For INFANTS. Is ‘Robinson's Patent Barley, and Cow’s Milk FOR MOTHERS /Robinson’s Patent Groats All Grocers and Druxctat Importers, BO Hudson St., Postal to the mbes Onl oatee it | | oreiork. SG: OLB THUNK er BAGGAGE S4BARCLAY. MADE GOOD AK NEW 5 SOR WEST BWA RUNKS & BAGS ag CORTLANDT SE Bought, Sold, Exchanged. p. CHURCH ST. Emergency Baggage Re, airCo. 25. 14th Bt, xB Bet. Bih Ave. & Union Sq. MKS SAMPLES, ODDS AND ENDS. from Factories, Drummers and People that ’ the money, | HOUBANDS OF BAG. TRUNK T 83.00 Monitor, §2.85/81.80 Keraiol #80 bea ro ess keather. 2°80 HE Gta TRIB EB trical, Commercial, rranhe, Fnglish Ci fol SHORT TRIP 60c., $1.00, $1,50, $3.00, $3.90. ) MONY BACK Ly NOT SATISFIED. Box duck, complete, pol Tf x7 f 7 tt x @ ft. Dy tt x 12 Tents made to or y at YACHT AND MOTOR BOA SUPPLIES, BOATS, CAMP OUTFITS. Stre’ryeur money beaks SPECIAL 18-toot $36.00- Bterling jjomedy Co., Chicago of N.Y, osy SL eae cere vac narea” | ANAUAL'SALE, TEN MILLION BOZES ” DIED. KAD + Funeral from his late residence Thurs day, 10 A. M., thence to St. Cecilia's at: Church, 106th st. and Lexington ay, , TS'ON FILE | orcavranan.—the belove’ deurhter of Mr. and Mre O'Callahan, aged & Funeral Wednesday from her late _ residence, 171 West End ave. WALSH—On Sunday, Aug. 18, KATIO WASH, nee Deegan, wife of Thomas Wale, Funeral trom reatdence of her brother, Frank Deegan, 2336 Hughes a Broa, Wednesday, Aug. 21; at 1 P.M. —— HELP WANTED—-FEMALE. ec ERAT expstipiiced, wanted: Linen Room Aster House, Broa: Barclay and Vesey ats i i HELP WANTED—MALE. a ee ERATOR t (ten), y. Box 1938 wanted Seneral 87-38 Malden Lane, N.Y. 889 Fulton St, Brooklyn. W. L. DOUGLAS $3.50 SHOES 12 Atrialwilloonvince Manhatt R | you that W.L.Dong- oes G | Jaa $3.50 ahoes ane 1 puasiness Crowes thebestinthe world. ve “Untenp: BY WATCHING WORLD ApS, YOU WATCH ALL MARMESS, eee geen REE’ i AY,,cor, Lith at,