The evening world. Newspaper, October 11, 1902, Page 3

‘EAT DANCER COAL MN Men Who Now Seek’ Increase in Pay Risk Lives Daily to Sup- ply the Public with Anthra- cite. ACCIDENTS ARE COMMON. ‘Thousands Face the Perils for Small Wages Which Operators Now Re- fuse to Raise Despite the Five ' Months’ Strike. ‘The average miner's working day is from eight to ten hours tong. ‘The entrance to most mines is by a shaft, whose opening {s protected by a bi shed. These shafts are descended by means of “buckets,” cars or elevators, As ordinary artificial {Ilumination {s 1m- 1 practicable miners usually wear a little lamp strapped to the hat. Frequent explosions of gases followed the use of these lamps until Sir Humphrey Davy devised one with a wire screen that ex- cluded fire-damp and other explosives from the flame. i At the foot of the shaft ts a network of tunnels, and these form the mine. They often extend for miles in a laby- i rinth where @ stranger would lose him- nelf hopelessly in five seconds, even were he surrounded by vivid daylight instead of a dense blackness, The tunnels go | ‘ownward, upward, every direction. | They descend to varying depths, the deepest going over halt a mile below the surface of the earth. The passage running from the foot of the shaft {s known as the gangway, varying, usually, in helght from five to twelve feet, and following the course of ‘the coal vein. Alr-ways, from the upper ! earth, pterce one side of this gangway; and often an electric fan pumps alr into the mine. Otherwise it would be tm- Possible to breathe in such an atmos- phere. On the opposite side of the gang- way from the alrshaft 1s the coal vein, ‘cropping out at varying thickness. At intervals of perhaps twenty yards along the gangway gangs of miners work through the coal vein, burrowing dnward and upward till they strike the vein's upper edge. The little alcoves which they make thus are known as “breasts.” Each has a wide chute, through which the newly mined coal ts rattled down into cars that await it on the gangway. These cars carry their loads of mtned coal, by cable or mule Power, to the point where it is depos- ited, for removal to upper alr, ‘Tracks run from tunnel to tunnel of the mine; and over these similar cars are trundied full of coal or returned \) empty to be refilled. \\ «In one part of the twisted galleries of the mine is tho stable where the aure- footed little mules are kept, whose duty it is to.draw ithe ore cars. Many of these mules have not seen daylight for years. Often when taken to the surface they go almost insane with joy at sight of the bright outside world. Coal mines have been compared to a " skyscraper office building turned upside down. There 1s floor after floor, level after level, at each of which the eleva- tor stops, Let one of these floors (or galleries) collapse, however, and those beneath it are lable to collapse in their \ turn, ‘This means death to miners caught in the caye-in as surely as does the explosion of penned-up gases in CHA” some full galery. ‘Thus every man who goes to work In A coal ‘mine takes his life in his hand. N ‘There ts always danger, {t is said, even \ in the mines that seem safest. ¥ Pick and shovel, while necessary ad- \ Junets to the task of mining, are no | \ longer the only implements for separat- ing the coal from the surrounding rock. | Blasting is very generally used; and here, again Isadanger. For the detona- tlon so far below ground ts apt to shake the supports of the galleries. While somo of the “veins permit a man to work standing in a normal at- tittide, others force him to his knees and make his task doubly aiMcult, Some of the veins are barely a yard high, i gnd in’ these a skilled miner and his , Assistants must work together. The more expert miners often have an as- eistant (or ‘“Iabote: to do the less skilful part of the work. Much of the work of mining is done { above ground. \ The masses of coal, irregular in size, I bulky and unwieldy, are sent to upper alr on car or elevator. And there the | #econd part of the work begins. Tt 1s carried to the “breaker,” a big % machine with teeth on revolving cylin- Wers,; which bites and crunches the coal into classified sizes, ‘The coal comes out of this machine assorted as to size, from the huge frag- ints used for locimotives down to ‘No, 2 Buckwheat." " ‘About the ming above and below i, 19 \@. ceaseless roat; cloeds of Wart ebor damp and gloom below. Danger everywhere; hard work without Tet-up; grime, filth, rats by the thou- 5 and ere into which re’ himself ain, cou! ‘ ect no TH ESE PICTURES STOVE SHORTAGE. Supply Has Given Out, but the Gas Companies Are More Glad Than Sorry, They Say. A new catastrophe has overtaken the sufferer by the coal strike. ‘The supply of gas stoves has given out. A gas famine is, not expected, but the gas compantes’ are averse to doing all tho city's heating and cooking and are not a bit sorry that they have no more stoves on hand. Harrison E. Gawtry, President of the Consolidated Gas Company, says tn a statement made through his counsel that the company cannot make good the heat deficiency due to the scarcity of anthracite, for two reasons: First, the supply of gas stoves Is short, owing to the upprecedented rush during the last few months: and, second, the plumbers’ unions has decided to make no more connections intended to sub- stitute gas for coal as a heating and cooking conventence. Of course, !f people can get stoves anywhere else the company cannot preyent them from making’ connections for themselves. It ts only in apartment. houses where large heaters are used that it is necessary to have a pipe con- rection, With regard to the possibility of a gas famine Mr. Gawtry says he does not think there {s much chance of that. “We cannot undertake to heat the town," he says, “but we are doing our best, and we hope to pull through the winter. We are accommodating all the customers we can.” James tty, a delegate of the Plumbers’ Union, says the members of tho unton have not been advised to refuse to make connections for gas- heating purpo! “The plumbers have been hetping the miners in a substantial way, but do not Intend to do anything so petty as to refuse to make pipe connections for gas-heaters. ooo CHII.D FELL TO DEATH. Mother Pushed Through Crowd to Find Victim Her Little One, Six-year-pld Stella Bowman, of No. 822 Second avenue, was left alone while her mother went out to a store. The little one attempted to attract the at- tention of a playmate, when she fell two stories. While the child was lying on the street her mother returned. saw the crowd, pushed through and almost fainted when sho saw the little one, who @hi died later in Roosevelt Hospital, IME UER AND PS LEPORER IN di. TRREE POOL, PEI NOW COMES A GAS CITY 1S ANOTHER PITTSBURG TO-DAY t Dense Pall of Soft-Coal Smoke, Prevents Breeze from Driv- ing Away the Fog. New York this morning resembled Pittsburg more than it ever did in all ita existence. What the city was to- day, ens tsburg 1s 300 out of the ‘The gloom 1s ca y the low at- mospherle pressure. generaly prevalent before and rerunner of a downfall of rain, There is not enough breeze to drive away the pall of soft-coal smoke hanging over the city The smoke in turn presses down and prevents the fom and mist being uriven away by what little alr there is stirring. The sun did not penctrate the dense shroud of fog and smoke for ma hours after It should have been shining, according to th aanae, and in off buildings and on trains and surfa cars hts had to be kept vurning long after the usual hour. ‘A message was recelved at the local Weather Bureau this morning from Washington saying that northeast storm, re displayed along the coast nore to New York ere 1s a storm of decided character central over Georgia, which 1s moving north- east. High east winds are indicated for to-night, continuing Sunday. ‘The forecast 18 rain to-night and Stn- day elight change in temperatu trisic and probably high northeast to cast winds, oe DOG TRIED TO DIE, TOO. ter, Sumped Into Pond With » Who Sought Death. “Pat ‘shea and his black dog, Dan, tried to drown themselves in the pond back of the new crematory in Long Island City to-day. Shea, who lives in a furnished room at Jackson and Steinway avenues, and is a character In the borough, told some friends that he was never destined to do hard work, It disagreed with him. When he fling dimself into the pond to-day his black dog and constant com. panion jumped in after his master and made no effort to swim. . James . a North Beach life saver, shed Shen and “Dan” out of the pond. She was arrested and his dog went to jail with nim, SON GONE, MOOTHER ILL. Police Asked to Find George Me~ Lane, Affilcted With Epilepsy. Mrs, H. B. ‘Burton, of No, 8%3 Bast One Hunared and Thirty-ffth street, hi asked the police to find her son, George McLane, who has been missing from his home einco last Tuesday, The boy is sixteen years old and 1s five feet five Boia wou inches tall, with lght brown hair and blue eyes. Mrs, Burton has been All aver since her eon disappeared and the physicians fear will not recover unless the boy, who is an epileptic, 1s found. oT 2 has My ‘BALUADAY. uv yee Pe A Pe BAA, CROSS SECTION Of COM, JAE. | The markings on thin tin bottle were scratched there with « rusty by Michael Smith, who was caught in a wrecked mine. It fs a message of farewell to hin wife and Nechildren, The bottle was fonnd later beside hin body. POLICEMAN'S WIFE {PRISON GATES BURNED 10 DEATH. Got Up to Prepare Midnight Lunch in Nightdress and Stepped on Match. Mrs, Ellzabeth Wanamaker, wife of Patrolman Wanamaker, of the West Thirty-seventh Street Station, died in Roosevelt Hospital at 1.15 o'clock this morning from the effects of burns re- ceived early Thursday morning in her home at No. 339 West Thirty-ffth street. Mrs, Wanamaker had just arisen from her bed to prepare @ midnight lunch for her husband, In walidng from one room to another she stepped on a match, which snapped, and the burning sulphur ignited her nightdress, She was alone apd powerless to help herself and her clothes were burned off before her screams attracted the atten- tlon of Policeman Tomney, of the same station. eee TOOK DOG TO HIS CELL. Man Caught in Policy Rafd Would Not Part With Pet, Twelve men accused of policy play- ing were arraigned in the Yorkville Court to-lay by County Detective Riordan and Detectives O'Shea and Clarke, of Capt. Norton Goddard's Anti-Policy League. Magistrate Hogan discharged five and held the other seven in five hundred dollars bail for trial ‘Phe men were caught in a rald last ht on the carpenter's shop at No. Bast Seventeenth street, who was one of the five disch: arms an old skye terrier. “He loves that dog 6 much," sald Detective Riordan, ‘that he refused to be parted from him last night and the two spent the night together in the cell.” — POLICEMAN BREAKS LEG, While attempting to board a Forty- ‘second street crosstown car this morn- ing, Patrolman John Kennedy fell and fractured his right leg. He was roe moved to Roosevelt Hospital. ed, held In his AJAR FOR DAVIS. Brooklyn Lawyer Released by American Friends from Grip of British Law. LONDON, Oct. 11.—Henry Shackleford Davis, a lawyer, of Brooklyn, N. ¥.. who was remanded at a police court here on Oct, 4on the charge of obtain- ing money by means of a worthless check, was released from Brixton Prison to-day, under the First Offenders’ Act, and bound over in a small sum to ap- pear for trial, if calc. upon, within six months, Newton Crane, who defended Davis, pleaded extenuating circumstances and mental derangement as the result of an accident, He handed tho Magistrate a dozen cable despatches from influential New Yorkers which had been sent to the United States Embassy in the prisoner's behalf, and concluded with promising that all the latter's debts would be settled up and agsured the Magistrate that Davis would be sent home on the first steamer sailing for the United Btates, 6 Magistrate expressed a doubt as so thetier hs ‘ought not to commit the defendant, but decided to give him the benefit of the extenuating circumstances, Davis, later in the day, satled for New York on board the Atlantic ‘Transport line steamer Minnehaha. —<—<—__— PROBING GIRL’S DEATH. of Nora Coroner Investigates Ca Ryan, OCTOBER tl, ig TELL THE DANGERS AND DIFFICULTIES OF WORK IN THE COAL MINES. “TARIFF. BALKS END OF STRIK Secretary of the Navy Moody Declares 67 Cents a Ton Duty on Coal Prevents the Operators from Settling. CALLS FOR ITS REPEAL. MADISON, Wis., Oct. 11 tlonal speech delivered here to a great concourse of Republicans, Secretary of the Navy Moody declared that the duty —In a sensa- of 67 centa on anthra coal “was emuggled Into the tariff act In a sneak- ing and cowardly manner," and ought to be repeated at the short session of Congress, because it the backbone of the coal operators’ stubbornness in resisting concessions to the miners He denouneed thd idex of sending Fed- tral troops into the strike “istrict, and declared he would resist to the utmost the welzure of the anthracite lands by eminent domain on the ground that government administration was wo- fully extravagant. To prove this he ee times too much was printing, and navy yard employees recelved 70 per cent, more than employees in the Cramp pald for publi wi ards. Tho first great Issue of the day was fhe coal supply, declared Secretary Moody, “I suppose,” sald he, “you are thinking about the winter's coal supply. The question {s important. The use of anthracite coal, @ luxury fn other coun- tries, has become a neresaity in this country, The coal strike began five months ago and 1m considered to be the moat disastrous that thus ¢ar has oc- curred. The people are not interested in the strike as to the right or wrong. They are interested {n whence their winter's suply of coal is coming. “The President recently made an ef- fort to produce at least a temporary settlement of the strike. It was only after grave deliberation, after he had been {mplored by the people of the country to interfere, that he decided that it was his duty to make all the ef- forts possible to end the struggle which was affecting the country most disas- trously, “He appealed to both sidea on grounds of humanity to desist, and the opera. tors, resenting his interference and feeling secure in their independence as @ result of the duty of 67 centa per ton on anthracite coal which had been cov- ertly and in a cowardly manner smug- gled into the Dingley bill, declared that they would not give way a particle to ald tn the settlement of the diMculty. “The President then proposed that the miners go back to work and he would appolnt a commission which would ar- bitrate the matter and sec that the miners recelved thelr just dues. This the strikers’ officials refused to coun- Coroner Scholer is investigating the death of Nora Ryan, twenty-six years | old, of No, 205 West Thirty-sixth street, in the Sloane Maternity Hospital at an carly hour to-day. The woman was almost doad when admitted to the hos- ital. Pine police of the West Thirtiath stree and West ‘Sixty-elghth strect station have been asked to assist the Coroner's office in the investigation. tonance, and now there are ten thou- sand troops in the fleld and the coal is not forthcoming. “The people,” sald he, “appealed in vain to the coal operators to co-operate with miners In efforts to bring an end of the strike. Now when these operators appeal to Congress not to take off the duty of 67 cents on anthracite coal thelr appeals likewise will be rejected, Lat tl ‘have their pound of flesh, but they Tugs take it without one ‘ounce of blood.” NEW WAR EI ERIE TET INT CAR FENDERS | | Aldermen Will Fight for a Better Life-Saving Appliance for | Trolleys and Automobiles in the Greater City. CASUALTY ROLL APPALLING. Since the passage of the city ordinance requiring the trolley companies of Greater New York to place “life saving” fenders on the cars went Into effect, | 1,529 persons havé been killed and mangled by cars equipped with fenders, Fifty-five persons have been ktlled, maimed and injured by automobiles not equipped with fenders. ti 1) i HOW TOUSE COAL An Expert Tells Evening World Readers They Get Less Heat When They Heap Stove Full. PUT IN ON VERY CAREFULLY=: Practice at New York Postoffice, Where Coal Is Heaped up, Pointed Out as an Illustration of the Im» proper Use of Anthracite. ‘ ‘The mort advantageous as well-as-thet most economical method of using)c contrary to the general opinion, Se to! use as Uttle as possible. It matters not; whether the coal fs to be consumed {nj ‘a great furnace or in a tiny stove, tha principal remains the same. A mere) layer of coal is frequently better anal furnishes much more heat than @ dare! relful when heaped on at ane time. Harry G. Barber, who has made a| study of coal and its uses for the last! tyenty years, visiting the coal regions: and all the largest coal-consuming in= dustries in the coe ee regard) t way of utilizing coal: : Be uote to obtain twice as much beat} opie now get out of the coal’ ah or ycaeeput_on_ay Httle coal as ‘After laying the pager an Dowels, stare your fre cover «hem WIE, onl a very thin layer of coal, How to Add Fuel. ; e thor-, “wait until vhe lumps have been. oughly Ignited and well Conse) Det BUI A craven they avem 00 De oct the fact shat the first lumps ter fire and you Ge only, o1 ‘the coal that. you do = on erernber, ‘above all other things to leave a space between the top ‘he fre and the top of the farnace stove. heap tne recepticle witty, onl up to the v top, in the ioe taken idea that you will thus make #& hotter fire. fa “Just watch the experienced firem on the ferry-boats or big ocean steamers shovel in the coal. You tain a hot as they tice that they wa unth the coal Test shoveled Is biasing its highesb Re- More than 600 persone have been killed | outright by fender-equipped cars and fenderiess automobiles. Those figures do not include the fatalities and injuri: caused by cars and automobiles In the immediate vicinity of Greater New York, Thoro figures are vouched for by the Railroad Aldermen, which has begun a crusade against the so-called “life saving” fender, The Committee proposes to present a resolution to the Board demanding that the trolley companies of Manhattan and Brooklyn shall provide better means for the public's safety. Safety Fender Demanded, The committee has called upon the railway companies to wend their en- xineers or representatvies to a meeting to be held in the City Hall next Friday to disctiss some plan for the adoptio' of a safety fender which will be effec- tive In saving life 1d minimizing the number of casualit Several fendor experts who bave made a study of the best means of preventing death and injury on the roads of the various trolley compantes have been re- tained, by the committee to meet the trolley companies’ experts at the hear- Ing. The committee feels that the ne- cesslty for radical action {x ¢mperative and has sought the services of the ex- peris in the hope of agreeing upon some.plan which will stop the dafly loss of life and limb. “We were astounded when the figures showing the fatalities and injuries aused by the fender-equipped, ca: e forwarded to us," said Alderman Water, of the committee, to-day. ‘We at once determined to take up the matter and inaugurate a crusade against the com- panies which will be compelled to adopt gome form of fender which will be found effective, “There are fenders on the market which are known to possess greater merit than those at present in use, but these have not been employed by the companies because they are too expen- sive, ‘The companies have learned that it 1s more economical to pay damages than to provide @ better means of eav- ing Ife and mb than by using the ex- pensive fender devices which have been submitted to them. “It having become a matter of dollars and cents to the compantes the com- mittee proposes to see that the question of dollars must be retired for the greater one of safety to the public."’ MEDALS FROM PRINCE CHEN. Capt. Titus and Two Others Re- warded by Chinese Visitor. Gold medals from Prince Tsal Chon | were this morning received by Capt. George Titus, of the Detective Bureau, and Detective-Gergt. Michael MfcDonald, ‘attached to the Chinese Consul's office. Roundsman John W. Hefferon, of the Central Park mounted squad, recetved a silver medal. ‘The tokens, accompanied by signed : at - srectineta arene duertegio® of 9 dceasion of the Chinese Princ Vinit to New York. Committee of the Boant of] fore they attempt to throw in any more, When they deem it necessary to add more coal, they place it carefully with © their longhandled shovels Just where the first layer i dying down somewhat, it. takes constant attention to knows when more fuel is needed, but it is the best and most economical way of using “coal. 4 Waste at Post-Office. “An Silustration of a bad way to mse coal. look at the furnaces in the Post- Office in this city. There the ¢urnace tenders smother the fire under dollers by heaping in the coal until it reaches the top_of the furnace. When the fire finally Ges out, they have to break out the huge cake of consumed: coal, which is about a foot and a halt thick, and frequently, in getting this heavy mass out. several of the ¢urnace. liricks are pulled out with It. ‘The ex~ penses for repairs to the boilers as @ consequence are enormous. They don’t get one-half as much heat as they would if they used It eclentifically, (eST always advise all my patrons’ tor juse coal sparingly, The qalf-feeding,, heating and cooking stove is not eco- nomical. It constantly pours into the fire more coal than is needed and doem not distribute it evenly.” ae ® TAX PPAYMENTS INCREASE, Collections This Year Greater Tham Last, During the flye days in which thie year's taxes have ben collected c@Pe than one million and a balf dollars hava, been received at the tax office in 4 of the figures of 1901 for a similar 0 n year for the days was $20,073.94. os Furnishing demands the considera- tion of Crex Grass Car- pet—the new floor cove ering. Unusual in beauty, wonderful in durability, remarkable in price. Blends with any scheme of color or plan of decoration. Ask your dealer to show you TRADE MARR AMERICAN GRASS TWINE CO. Light Biscuit Light Pastry Light Cakes Light Work Light Cost.—SURE and—y Quick-as-a-wink | wag