The Seattle Star Newspaper, October 24, 1919, Page 13

_THE SEATTLE STAR PAGES 13 TO 24 SEATTLE, WASH., FRIDAY, OCTOBER 24, 1919. a ao a i will the country say?” Ludendorff asked, as he con- ed his retreat from Warsaw in October, 1914. He ede his retreat and early in November the country was say- German soil east of Thorn and were perilously to the coal fields of Silesia. te was the situation Ludendorff reveals when phe ordered preparations for destruction of the vital gines, and was stopped in this design only by orders At this time the kaiser traveled to the eastern 4 vad Tirpit: has revealed it was only the dramatic inter- (es of the kaiserin that saved Hindenburg and probably Po H, too, from dismissal if we Ludendor{f determined to take advantage of the su- 3 German strategic railroads to strike a surprise blo ' of rolling up the Russians before they could mak their invasion. He had thoroly destroyed the rail- roads on his retreat thru Poland and Grand Duke could not move up his army and supply it for an short of several weeks. So, leaving a thin screen the Russians on the southern half of the Polish dorff gathered every available soldier and Thorn and Posen for his new entexprise. THOUGHTS AND ACTIONS” By Gen. Eric Von Ludendorff by The Star th ted, : All rights Fe Great Bri and the London Messrs Seix and Ta i Treves; in Canad fights reserved for Holland, Russia and the Beigium, eed of Octoder (1914) Gen-| Bast with the greatest concern Fakenbayn summoned me| The situation round Mlawa and on from the Russian front, the east frontier of East Prussia be he bad just completed the came more perilous every day. The treat from Warsaw) Gen- newly-formed Twenty-fifth reserve fwen Geerad (the Austrian com-|corps, which had been sent to East fad suggested to him that Prussia as reinforcements, from the West should ‘fought heroically. But it soon be met te the Eastern front. Gen- came apparent that the fighting wea Palkenhayn spoke hope-| value of the new formations was far * the attack near Ypres and below that of units composed of men te defer further decisions. I who had had long service with the to give him precise in- colors and were commanded by ‘as to the plans of our young and active officers. had yet been decided.| These new formations had wonder it I was im an- ful manhood In their rank and file but they were not as yet real sol which I diers. Their courage and devotion beginning did not make up for their lack of of life in| training. Further, the large num The ber of reserve officers who found reigned {fresh employment in these new for | People did not seem to! mations did their level best, but also. seriousness of our position |to0, lacked experience. There were Twas unpleasantly tm-| exceptions, of course. | felt like a stranger. I PRICE PAID ‘ get back to Czestochova BY AMERICA friendly circle of my com- An army is not made in a few training and tradition our situation must be | vided by the example of Enclish and Ralei differently altogether. I American troops. They, too, have General von Hindenburg to had to pay terribly heavy for their yea plan which had been previ-| intrepidity. of taking our forces! ‘The Twenty-fifth reserve corps had ty Hohensalza (near the for-/not been able to effect any appre- (Thera). Orders to this effect ciable change in the situation on the . ly given and we in-|frontiers of East Prussia. It was jgmeral headquarters of this now to be expected that the grand ” |@uke, with his enormously superior forces, wpuld not only make a de- cisive att#mpt to drive Germany and had watched Austria out of the bend of the Vis of events in the|tula, but also directly Invade Ger 1 $35 witS” Mis {xtra Pair Gives Double Wear These are the very latest Fall and Winter styles, and come with belts, slash pockets, formfit- ting; made up from “all wool” cassimeres, and have 2 pairs of pants with each suit; just the thing for high school. Other suits, $18.50 to $65.00. Overcoats All Wool, Union Made At this store men are buying their overcoats now at last year’s prices and they ‘re getting values, too. All-wool, union-made Overcoats made up from a fiety of heavy rain repellent winter fabrics, special Other Coats | $2 $12.50 to $65 Open a Charge Account You need not pay all in 30 days. We arrange terms to suit (We have only one price whether purchased for cash or we have your purchases charged.) | Men’s 1113 Third Ave. | Apparel BETWEEN SENECA AND SPRING STREETS eit, Germany was in a panic again because the Russians | weehks—long Morning of November 3 I are required. Proof of this is pro-| Cen. Ludendorff’s Retreat From Warsaw Looked Rather Ominous leaas east of the Vistula, and try to secure a decision at least preve us from moving our troops about On the whole eastern frontier of the kingdom of Prussia battles would soon be in progress which wou viously act and react closely one another, A strong single com mand was ca for, Thin question had already been discussed at the time of my meeting with General von Falkenhayn in I On No vember 1 his maje appointed General von Hindenburg comman inchtef in the Hast, at the same time relieving him of hin 7 commander of the Ninth army, At our suggestion, General von Mack ensen was given this post, I re mained chief of staff to General von burg. The majority of my colleagues were attached to the new # COMMAND The sphere of command of the commander-in-chief in the East now extended definitely over the Eighth and Ninth armies, and the staffa of the First, Twentieth, Seventeenth, | Second, Fifth and Sixth army corps in the provinces of Bast and West Prussia, Pomerania, Posen and St lesia, and the fortresses situated) there Subsequently Zastrow's corps on the SoldawMilawa line, now under !the orders of the Eighth army head quarters, was brought under the di rect command of the commander-in- jebief in the East This linking-up of the commands jturned out well. It relieved the had) commander-in-chief of the detafle of | 4, jarmy command in the field. All the same, there were occasions whea it was necessary to encroach on the | Jurisdiction of the army staffs by Means of direct orders to their com manders. I did not much like In tervening in this way, and at first perhaps I did so leas than I should |T hope I hit on the right course later on The headquarters of the command erin-chief in the Bast were moved to Posen. We had our quarters in the royal palace, and remained there un tM the beginning of February, 1915 This was a particularly harassing and busy time. Here began that reg ular way of life which I led until my | resignation. HIS RUTHLESSNESS | CURBED | All of us at general headquarters }were thoroly imbued with a sense of our enormous responsibility and bad |no iliusions as to what was at stake. In Posen it was easier than in Poland to feel the of the country and realize it fear of a how tile invasion, with all Its terrible consequences. We could not even help aggravating that fear by our military measures. The issue of the imminent battles was uncertain. The Russian superiority in numbers was great, our troops were much exhausted, and our allies (the Aus trans) had but little fighting strength left From the frontier provinces the youths capable of bearing arma were removed. Strategical positions were reconnoitred and orders given for their construction. The mines in several districts of Poland had jaiready been rendered unworkable and measures were now taken for the demotition of the German rail ways and mines in the frontier dix | tricts. ‘The commander of the Sixth corps, in response to my request. had ap. {proached several mining experts in his province and asked their advice as to the best method of destroying the mines in Upper Silesia. The ex: Jecution of the necessary measures |was now decided on. | Terror at once spread thru the | province. I had to make it impossible for the Russians to yse the mines for a long time. Military interests made it imperative. Later on in the war the English de- stroyed the Rumanian oll fields even more ruthlessly. Coal is of equally vital importance for waging war As it happened, the opinion of a higher authority was taken, and it proved possible to modify the scheme of destruction somewhat. POLES WERE NOT FRIENDLY ‘The attitude of the Polish inhabl- tants of our frontier provinces was not conciliatory. They were very re- served and aloof, No clearsighted man could have expected anything different. In view of our inferiority in num- bers, it was very important for the approaching decision that we should draw on the Prussian easte resses and the various @ corps under our command for all such available troops and war mate: | rial as could be utilized for &ctive operations in the field. We had made a start with this system as far back as August, 1914, and in course of time we were able to form as large a number of divisions in the east out of Landsturm, Landwehr and former fortress troops as Gen. von Moltke had at his disposal for the Battle of Koniggratz. Later these di. visions were given numbers, just like the active divisions, but this did not change their special character. Of course, the demands made on these divisions, especially as regards | fighting and marching, were not the same as those required of units com: | posed of younger men; but in times of great stress iy was often impos sible to give them special treatment These troops did more than could reasonably be expected of them. They gave of their best in defense of hearth jand home, wife and child. |MORE OLDER MEN DRAWN IN The Highth army, on the eastern frontiers of Prussia, had gradually |been able to form several Landwehr divisions. From the garrisons of the Vistula fortresses and the Landsturm a frontier defense corps had been formed, comprising the Zastrow \corps, two divisions strong, which | subsequently became the 17th reserve lcorps. The fortress of Thorn, which had its first main reserve—the 35th reserve divfsion—in the line near Do you want to “keep your sweetheart on your mind” thru the still west, were concentrated at the same | 200,000 and watches of the night? Get yourself a boudotr cap of sennitized silk, like | place for dealing with the enemy froat! Jennie Walsh photo-cap,” the [this one worn by Mi |kraphed on it! The n of @ Low Angeles camera expert and is “all the rage” in southern|Ostrowo to the neighborhood of SENIORITY UP TO MURPHINE | endeavored to per: |¢ committ tle the seniority rights problem % of public utilities suade the coun fer, 60 miles weat 1 corps took up its positio The Landsturm, which joined the Breslau corps later, held the line, a very thin one, almost uf to about that Murphine told the commit niority rights fore the next the dispute over should be settled b of the dwehr corps and the ground that the dispute over senior ity rights properly belonged within the jurisdiction of the superintendent of public utilities, The committee Guard reserve us the third Guard division. At this point they joined hands with the “Austrian First army, whose front extended to the Murphine for settlement ate gtvetahed the sect ef the 4 army, once more closely con centrated, and stronger forces were posted in the mountains for the pro: Gen. south of Hohensalza and the Seven teenth army corps near Gnesen t STRATEGIC tection of Hungary RAILWAYS From this survey it will be seen Von Richthoten's cavairy corps,| that the actual blow against the en with the Sixth and Ninth eavairy di. emy's flank could be carried out with visions, which had come from the but five and a half corps (between 000 men). Our forces Upper actress, and bave his picture photo-| The Eleventh army corps was from the point at which the Warta| latest lingerie novelty, is the inven-!marched on German territory thru | flows into man territory south- 4 to the region of Czestochova Callfornia. Miss Walsh has her own picture on THIS one—but she has | Wreschen (26 miles east of Pogen). |were quite inadequate. Gen. von others (In the quick transfer of these|Woyrsch was told to act in conjunc — troops Ludendorff made use of the/tion with the Austrian army ! ‘gradually formed a new Czestoch main reserve—known as von Dick huth’s corps, This was subse quently employed on the ‘right bank of the Vistula in the direction of Plock. The main reserve of Th was now von Westerhagen’s L sturm brig bh ft brow, ura, and with drawn to Wloclawek during the re treat of N th army The fortress of Posen also had given us one main reserve, which had formed part of Gen. Frommel's corps, and been brilliantly led by Gen. Count von Bredow: in the cam. paign in Poland. His Landwehr had ho field kitchens; they attacked the Russians with. the idea of procuring some—and got them. ‘The fortress and province of Posen now produced further forces. The round Kalisz, was a very strong di vision, and had been equipped with | | ereat care. SOUGHT THE JANN .ATING BLOW |. The more I thought about the prob lem ahead of us, and realized the po- sition and our fearful peril, the firmer was my resolution, if possible, to turn |the Czestochova operations into an overwhelming and annihilating blow. | It was not enough to bring the en |emy merely to a standstill. This idea | was not a sudden inspiration, but | | had been slowly forming in my mind. Such troops as the commandertn.: | chief in the east could spare were assembled for the advance between | Wreachen and Thorn (on the north | western. frontier of Poland), Gen von Conrad, with bis sokiierly in sight, gave un all possible assistance. ‘The Eighth army had been weak ened and could no longer fulfill the | tank of covering the eastern frontier lot East Prussia. This army found op- jerative support, both In the newly constructed positions between Lakes Spirding and Mauer and the fortified line of the river Angerapp. The army successively surrendered its very ex: | hausted 26th reserve corps, of whose condition we learned only later, and | the First reserve corps, with the First jand 26th reserve divisions, These | troops were sent to Thorn, tn the di rection of the Lodz-Wloclawek line. HAD TO BE CAREFUL OF MEN | | The commander of the Eighth! jarmy, Gen. Otto von Below, had now |to husband his resources carefully, | in order to be able to hold the posi | tions which he might have to occupy jin an emergency. It had to be done, even tho the performance of this task made exceptional demands on both | commanders and men. The Zastrow corps received orders | to hold fast at Soldau (85 miles north) of Warsaw on the East Prussian | line), for the existence of the Eighth jarmy and the fate of East Prussia | depended on it. It would have been particularly | | useful if we could have strengthened jthis front. A strong attack from Miawa against the Narew front be tween Roshan and Pultusk (45 miles |northeast of Warsaw) would have! |been the most effective support for the operations on the left bank of the Vistula, But we had to limit our | aims, for the success of the flank at- | |tack on the left bank had to be as-| sured. Otherwise our resources) would merely have been dissipated. — | It was as much as we could do if} we managed to strengthen Zastrow's corps sufficiently for it to constitute @ certain threat to North Poland, and jlead the enemy to believe, if only for a short time, that an offensive here was really intended. Strong Russian forces were concentrated |north of Nowo Georgiewsk (25 miles |Mortheast of Warsaw), It was impor |tant for the battle on the west bank of the Vistula that they should be | held there. | The Westernhagen brigade and, later, a portion of the new main ri serve from Thorn were available for the forward movement up the right bank of the Vistula, We had thought of sending them up toward Plock (60 miles down the Vistula from Warsaw), #0 a8 to convey @ false tm pression in conjunction with Zas trow's corps. Once in Plock, it was | possible to bring them over and use | them in the battle on the left side of the Vistu The headquarters of the Ninth army went to Hohensalza. Posen corpa, which was concentrated | That alone could definitely save us. | Those units of the Eighth oe eee hee f the Eighth army in| rovided by Germany on the Polish tended for Thorn, the First and i | frontier. Thus on a front of 70 miles | Opinions on that po! Fenerve corps, were to be put under|hetween Thorn and Wresch: |more very pessimistic the command of the Ninth army qnilen, he combentrated som AUSTRIANS The Twentieth army corps and the | men.) | NOT OPTIMISTIC Third guard division, which h V's cavairy corps had| To the question whether the Aus- | terc from Upper Silesia, were Russian cavalry be- trian First army would be able to re- | sb offensive was still uncertain. t were on me) Gen, Fromm od | kirmishes wi of the offensive. without von shake-up,” when rearrangement Of wielun (40 miles south of Kalisz) runs will be made. He suggested | prom there to half way to the Czes-| have done that the pUblic utilities committee! tochova-Cracow line was Gen. von| Port settle the dispute Woyrsch, with the 36th reserve divi Counciiman Drake and other mem: | sion, Count von Bredow's Landwehr | erable 1 bers of the committee took the! Givision, the I voted to pass the dispute back to yietuia South of the river to the | Hohensalza troops of tive Boehm-Ermolli and two or round from the Carpathians, thru to the north side (dn Southwestern thus making @ battle line from Thorn seuthward of 150 miles, In tomorrow's Star Gen. La- how his army barely escaped disaster in the ambitious flank attack by which he attempted to destroy the main Russian arnty. Silesia, Crestochova Poland), dendorft railways long Whether the Austrians could take| QCTOBE PORTLAND, Oct. RUSSIAN FEAR GRIPPED HUNS IN 1914 Turn Clock Back When You Go to Bed Saturday Night | Saturday night it will be well to set/any differance to worker City Utilities Committee 5. 6 in great danger of being one My, a0 F to the Sidesteps Decision hour early for services Sunday morn- | meantime fies Poet tee | ing sleep they t spr Seniority rights ofmuni cipal street At 2 o'clock Sunday morning the Trains due to leave terminals on railway employes is purely adminis daylight saving law becomes inopera- | Sunday trative in character and should be | tive, and clocks all over the country | one hour. settled by the superintendent of pub | will be set ck an hour to m sins wild pecidl orders Thin was the decision announced The change in time will r the public utilities committee of - the city council Thursday when tween the rivers Prosna and Warta. sist the impending hostile attack we Thomas F, Murphine, superinter east of Kaliez (on the Germar mn received the answer that they would f Lods, and certainly be in a’position to do so for to wet /formed a screen behind which the | 24 hours. never took ) greatly to Gen it that he raised the morale y and revived the spirit But he would never German We hast inten¢ied to bring a consid Woyrsch’s army up north, to adil weight to t attack ard strengthen our line Gen. von Conrad offered strong ob- jection to this idea, and so only the Third Guard division was brought to support Ninth army Conrad railed Gen with three R SNOW FALLS IN EASTERN OREGON 24.—Bections of rn Oregon were visited by the 4 Octaber snow in 20 years yee The moisture ts a boon to ymen and ranchers. 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