The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, February 26, 1905, Page 8

/ \ W y/ B R O \od N “=JOTTIN . 0oy L BYS LIRE TO rraE A7 rnEN LAEN ITE LE S, TR DELUEVE o AT HE #TS TO -4 ZZIHEKRED OLD LN e o schoolhouse there had been 1 sweeping denuncia- ealth. Shaking his ne and seeming to pop the lecturer, in a sort of d the dollar to be my of the human race. There hotel in the neighborhood, so rer went home with old Lim- Several of the neighbors ing been dazzled by ed muel ned into silence.” The or Conners, had been ple: ith his audience. He had able to distinguish the differ- escence and dumb astonishment. Beside the Jucklin fire- side he would continue the conquest. He regarded } declar not be: ence between acqu mself as a factor in the , and he knew that begin at the ccming revolutic all great revol hearthstc “I alwa ions like to hear a man talk when he appears to believe what he has to say,” remarked old Lim. *“The fact that the fiddler is in earnest adds a good deal to the quality of the fid- d . But a man may be sincere and - fiddle out a tune that So, Pro- fessor, you sa r is the curse of the human r “Well, yes, I may so c entrate the world into the dolla t don’t you thin sents the trouble of the Ah, hah. conc antive to work? fall apon In all ages, ble to gather, 1 of man. and all sorts of sports and out, but labor en- could wear the professor, e for disobedience.” I don't forget that. I don’t that \ay appear that way. horoughly satisfied If he had been he forget e S O S P LIPS, B 0000 SISO OSSOSO RSSO IO RO0YY ACE improvement is a topic which so far has naught save a battledore and shuttlecock ex- istence; bandied about from one theory to “another, interpreted now by one faction, then denied by a second, until the conclusion is forced that there is no abiding faith, much less a dogma. are laws controlling sociology would be simply to relegate it to the condition of a mere output of chaos. Not to concede that there To ascribe to chance all the many evolutions which nature has employed in her productive processes would be scarcely less reasonable. When the systematic study of these factors of guidance and their consequent reac- tion upon man as an individual, and collectively as a species, are reduced to the accuracy of an applied science, then and not until then will sociology become an organic entity—and not as it now is, a mere spluttering of pre- judices and random guesswork. The essential and fundamental prob- lem in this connection is heredity, and how much and by what it can be in- would have let good enough alone. He wouldn’t have eaten the forbidden fruit when Eve offered it to him. He didn’t have anything to occupy his mind and he yielded. But leavin’ the things that we can never know much about and com down to man of to- day, we see the virtue of work and the evil of idlen: Money is the essence of industry. Without it all life would be confusion.” “But the love of it has been aptly termed the root of all evil,” said the professor. The neighbors looked at Jucklin, and old man Brizentine silently pressed a dollar which he had received that day for the hire of a horse and breathed hard. “Yes,” admitted Lim, “that’s so. But the love of money ain‘t money n’t the use of it. We com- mend a man for savin’ his dollars, but if every man were to save to the very closest life would hardly be worth livin’. That's where an abundance of meney comes in as a virtue, whereas a little money might be an evil. When we have a great deal we are inclined to spend and this makes others pros- Out of wealth grows leisure there grows and precious plant. It's is knowledge. Money is the of science and therefore of health. It ain’t true that poverty is s blessed with good digestion. is not cleanliness and there- is not mext to godliness. Poverty crime, not restin’ on the indi- vidual, perhaps, but havin’ its cause somewhere among the errors of those who went before. I see, professor, that you are rather apt in citin’ the Bible. If it hadn’t been for money the itself—az perous. and out of leisure bicoms a very name mother alwa Pove fluenced in all its various dependen- cies. Heredity ought to be a subject of the curriculum in the medical course of every college and university. Its normal as well as its diseased con- dition—that is, its physiology as well as its pathology—must become as fa- miliar as those of the heart or lungs. The investigator will be called upon to differentiate the inborn from the acquired characteristics; those given by nature from those produced by pest-natal influences. Even this very elementary classification offers an un- limite@ field for study, and at the same time probably contains the es- sential factors for a true scientific foundation. To illustrate the value of this subdivision we may draw upon several of the accepted popular truths. It is generally agreed that “inborn traits” are directly transmit- ted, are in fact and substance heredi- tary, while those acquired are not. Are we not all interested in the ques- tion, Does feeble health in a parent transmit feeble health in its offspring, i. e.,, does the parent of necessity give like inborn qualities to the child? This inference seems so logical that it become almost an axiom, if not an ac- THE SAN li"'“ book would be locked up in a few places. ‘As it is, money has given it to the poor. And, gettin’ down a lit- tle closer to the Bible, it appears to me that about all of the Lord’s most favordd servants were rich. = On _one man he smiled and his cattle in- creased."” “Very true,” admitted the professor, “but don’t you believe that in America the present struggle for money is about to ruin the countr; “When men race at full speed for money they drop out some that is al- ready in their pockets and tlose who FRANCISCO SUNDAY CALL. pick it up profit by it. And, when the end of the mad race is about reached, the racer halts, draws a long breatn and then decides to build a college or to found a library. He wants to leave a foot-print. He wants to be remem- bered by the racers who are to come after him.” “Ah,” sighed the professor, “but how about those who are run over—whose lives are crushed out? How about the millions that are ground down? How about the man who is not willing that labor should have its dye?” “He jis an evil until he\is dead, and then_He may become a blessing,” old Lim replied. “Poverty stricken men N N P LA A oAy N N N N N N N N S e NN P00 0000 OO Ghe SCIENCE of RACE SOCIOLOGY ® gf By Dr. Frederick W. d’Evelyn © OB cepted belief by popular acclamation. The fact is, that no relationship is less understood, and upon none are more grievous errors committed, both by professional and laity. This is just one of those points where there is no scientific proof and consequently no established scientific inference. We are not yet in possession of the laws which govern the reaction of acquired traits upon inborn traits and vice versa. ‘We have but recently seen human- ity emancipated from one of these “truths” by the revelation of fact in the matter of tuberculosis. It was not the popular belief, with all the fatality of a superstition, that a tubercular pa- rent ipse facto bequeathcd tuberculo- sis to its offspring, but.the fate was ac- cepted with all the callousness of resignation. As a reSult, no effort on the part of the community nor on the part of the victim was put forth to counteract the “law of nature.” ‘With the scientific light thrown upon the popular belief, by the admission of a germ as the factor of causation, the entire situation became changed. It was discovered that it was the in- dividbality, - that the disease was.a personal matter, and that the acquired resistance of 'the subject, not the her- editary transmission of the parent. was the line of defense in ‘preventing or overcoming the disease. The entire ;;usmon became changed, and instead of hopeless indifference, intelligent ac- tivity stimulated both community and individual into saving grace. Preven- tion is now the watchword, not hered- ity. Such is the result of a scien- tific acquaintance with one single fact in sociology. The entire pathology of tubercular inheritance has been dumfounded. Ifix the clearing away of delusion in is one sociological factor has done so much, is it not self- evident how startling -would be the revolution, if the entire subject was founded’ upon a scientific basis? We must, however, recognize that the problem is a complex one. Following up our illustration the student on heredity would naturally ask the question—has this individual simply benefited himself—or has he in fact. altered—hereditary influences— has he added anything beneficial to W, 77N s have committed murder. But murder is not the principle of the poor. Riches have oppressed, have been heartless, but that is not the spirit of money. Money is every man's servant. If he permits it to become his master, he suffers for it. Money discovered Amer- ica, and you must admit that this coun- try has been a blessing to the human race. Columbus was looking for a road over which he could transport wealth. Men seeking for fortunes have made abcut all the discoveries on the face of the earth. The rudder of the ship is the universal tongue of the gospel. Science may sail and discover ‘and come back and report; but commerce haits and builds up the country.” Then the professor thought to sound a deadener with the following: “But do you think it right to marry for money?” “Well,” drawled the old man, wink- ing slyly at one of his neighbors, “not unless you love the woman that has money. Most of men love women en account of beauty or some other at- traction, and money has the faculty of makin’ both men and women powerful hundsome. I recollect an old maid that used to live not far from here. She was so ugly that horses would get scared at her. And her homeliness wasn’t goodness, either. She had a disposition like a porcupine. No mat- ter from what direction you might approach her there was a quill. Folks didn’t like to pass her house, for she’d come out on the veranda and shout vitriol at them. The hip bones of pov- erty stuck up through her farm. She just about made a livin’. But one day her old uncle died, report said, and left her a hundred thousand dollars. Then the folks began to travel by her the species? The scientific answer to that question is the solution of the en- tire problem of “heredity transmis- sion.” We cannot now give the an- swer; but it may be suggested by an attempted analysis of the methods em- ployed by nature to render immune any large section of the race against factors which are destructive to the individual, but perchance constructive to the species. The viticulturist in his evolution of a ‘resistant stock” sac- rifices many individuals, but his meas- ures -gradually develop a “species” which is'resistant. The individuals are no longer sacrifices because the ecnditions for acquired necessities, that is, outside influences, are unable to vitiate the inborn or transmitten conditions. All this is but a limited referepce to one phase of the subject, and necessarily leave untouched the great factor of procreation. A subject so unheeded in its im- portance, but so powerful in its pos- sibilities, that it almost annuls the popularity of the belief that man is now the noblest. If he is as good as he is by accident, what would be his standard if he was a scientific output? The lower animals are largely a pro- duction of intelligence if not of sci- Br s/ or THE TUCKL 1YY hcuse. Some of them stopped [Jpay their respects. Among them was 'Squire Goodall. He pretended that he hadn’t heard of her good fortune. He asked her how her uncle was get- tin’ along and remarked that if she needed a side of bacon or two he would willingly fetch it over to her. She beamed on him and he dodged, btut stood it. He told her he'd like to make her a present of his horse and she thanked him and took it, and. he walked home. He dreamed about her that night and it was a nightmare, but he decided that he was in love with her. Two days later he went back and made her a present of a cow. She smacked her mouth and took the cow, and 'lowed he was the sweetest man. He thought so, too, but didn’t say so. Well, shortly afterward he proposed to her and she accepted him. They were married and the neighbors came in to drink cider and eat ginger cake. Just after the ceremony up comes a feller and says to her: ‘Miz Geodall, I was over in the Sycamore country the other day and met your old uncle and he told me to tell you that he was mighty in need of help and that he wished you would send him a dollar or so if you could spare it” “What uncle is that?’ the new hus- band inquired, and the wife answered: “Why, the one that was reported dead some time ago. Poor man, I think, lovey, we'd better send him a cow. Goodall sneezed out some ginger cake and was never known to smile after that, So, you see, professor, even the leve of money did good in that in- stance. It got a husband for a de- servin’ woman.” (Copyright, 1905, by Opie Read.) :C) O N s LSS0 oo ot e ence, the “higher” a coincident. The reproduction of the species along lines of arrangement surely is desirable; its possibilities a problem which will yet be esteemed worthy of a solution. A few days ago the president of the Ciark University made a statement, frequently before noted, that “higher education develops race suicide.” The science of sociology would, if it ex- isted, have on this statement a con- clusion of fact; substituted for a de- duction of surmise. It is difficult to believe that “education is a cause of sterility.,” Would we not almost treat as grotesque the statement that repro- duction, a biological factor, is neu- tralized by education, an acquired one? The capabilities to reproduce num- bers is not a result of education— but the result of “knowledge’”; and the same “knowledge” in the uneducated will produce a corresponding “steril- ny> This outcome of ‘“knowledge™ is a new ethic; the play of the indi- vidual—absolutely indifferent of its relationship to the species. It is to be hoped that ere long the individual and the species may have that scientific unity which will insure and enable the highest standard of possibility and original design. " % Bl