The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, April 24, 1904, Page 12

THE SAN FRANCISCO SUNDAY CALL. Japan's Cadets 3 of altogether unlike the Ameri- apan’s em selecting maval by Con- aprointment Japar bov wishes he must first Then svai cadet public wn school xpenses Th, A his ry school alent In $5 a month. Having preparatory school the naval college, his expenses are nment. Any Jap- he necessary men- qualifica - val cadet it for the on he first he Kanda ne of the 400 stu- niform was plain slue t with s, plain of Eng- ric he forthwith er ! e, for dificult, indeed, t lot of youthfui re at drill First of all the languages, delv- jcs of both. vrite compo nd Chine: heart English e were taught ns in that ar other tor- bre, a short hort but there ke s a a half ev them up. week The ry studies T we played upon each ¥ nstrubtors did not always But “haz " as the term T d in this country is Y t Japanese students T X F: A Japanese Mid- day s h T ,,,,, P ( Wild Chase A wild ¥ » e asted two k roughest Wyoming was rience of a party 1 week H €, and tc the a f Eads Frank Vince Berg and ke) About 1 by twenty located on of Nowater and located piains in re- started the bunch arranged to chase Jountains with fresh to run the hoemaker th The themsels back on the Svk White twe toward th for each the r the rees they — Biggest and Littlest - = — where extremes meet, rked ERE i Imost as the time of the mouse. The man and the parison ce of the earth. he Great,” whose eight inches. The e t Hovarts, brother They are more than twen- old %nd @0 not measure hes from head to toe. features of Show Barth” are doubtless consider Hugo concerned themselves fully as big in the public eve the Brobdingnagian Hugo. Both are much smuller than General Tom Thumb. Little Mr. Hovart's hand t ipletely circle one of Hugo's fingerc. MIDGETS == GIANT wild animels down, but the mustangs scattered and the cowbol's were com- pelied to give chase as best could. Then followed one of the most ex- citir chases In the o of the Western nlains. Frank es follow- ed vne bunch of tweiv d to Pi- card’'s wiater camp, ad in aling them, but during the 1id animals broke down and escaped. Oth:zr mem- on the trail until they had run down twenty head, but in o to overpower the brutes it was necessary to slay two stallions that led the bunch. The riders were not able to chenge, ses during the chase, and gave mounts the toughest kind of a Kise Bads had most ex- i being out two nights mountains without er he the wild mustangs have been caus- nchmen no end of trouble for The herd has increased flc - kil th animals hos e proved of no evail.—Philadelp Record | Japan Divorce | a social to this report pan in the vear 1889 The age of mar- € s to be nearer'that common- g in Burope and America most persons suppose. Of men five are married under the age of ar y 108 under the age of 16. 3 married between the ages 16 and I8 The number of mar- riages increased rapidly up to the age of 24, when it was rather more than 26,000, n m After that age fewer and fewer arried and less than 1000 mar- ried between the ages of 48 and 49, though a few men married in extreme old age In the case of girls there were only ages under the age of 14, and h the greatest number reported was between about 990 women were ing between the ages perhaps Japanese like their W ages 20 and 21. Onls reported as marrs of 40 and 41, but women are nrone, they vass 20. There were a few mar- riages of very old women up to and beyond the age of 80. The civ ate of the women marry- ing ig nificant. More than 247,000 of the whole number are reported as maidens, and wearly 8600 as widows, while nearly 33,500 were divorced wom- en. ete hing are the divorce sta- tistics of Japan. In this report it is shown that with fewer than 300,000 marriages renorted in the year, there were more than 66,000 divorces. The proportion of divorces to marriages was about one to four. ' The fact is that Japanese civiliza- tion is most conspicuously weak in the matter of the status of women. Di- vorce is easy. In fact the seven causes l2id down by Cenfucius are allowed. One of these nermits a man to divorce his wife for talking too much. Among the lower classes divorce is extremely frequent. It is less so among the up- per classes, mainly because concubin- age com m. The divorced wife pa- tiently endures her lot, and leaves the house of her lord with a blessing for him unon her lips. rare thing for & woman in J to seek divoree, though hus- bands frequently give sufficient cause. The fact that the care of the children would fail upon the wife should she ob- tain a divorce is a sufficient deterrent to the methers who are poor, and the condition of extreme subjection suf- fered by nearly zll Japanese women probably deters wealthy wives from seeking divorce. ! Death Sentences ¢ PRI The present agitation in Lngland to abolish the pronouncimz of the deatl sentence in cases where it is patent that capital punishment will nut follow will probably meet with the pproval of mest people who desire that the law should lose nothing of its dignity and at the same time have nothing of un- necessary horror added. The Lord Chancellor nleads for ths reteation of the form, saying that the of the death fentence will a-t ar rent. Ja 1 juggled with death ser tences his manner 2nd ot himse'f rather badly disliked for it. Over the plot in which Raleigh, Cobham, Grey ard others were implicated he had the and sisters, to cease having birthdays after less puissant ones put to death e £ bt g Ay Wonderful New Gun &— - - - FOWERFUYL (7 - - HE powerful weapon which we illustrate is a good representative of the latest improvements which have been introduced into heavy ordnance, with a view to secur- ing at once greater range, increased penetration. and a higher rapidity of fire, without adding materially to the weight of the plece. The theory of design and methods of construction by which these results have been cecured are not by any means peculiar to this piece, inzsmuch as they have been followed by gunmakers for many years; but the significance of this 92-inch gun is that in it we see what is, perhaps, the most successful combination \of these cualities that has yet been at- tained. Although this gun weighs only 28 tons, and has a service rapidity of fire of five rounds in a minute and a* half, it has a power of penetration at 3000 yards (the minimum fighting range of to-day) approximately equal to that of the 13%-inch English gun, of more than twice the welight, of a dozen years ago. The immediate cause of this increase in efficiency is the greater velocities that are secured with modern guns; and the increase in velocity is due to the enlargement of the powder cham- her, the use of slow-burning powder, und the lengthening of the bore, so as to enable the products of combustion as they are given off by the burning to exert their accelerating cffect upon the projectile for a longer period and WIRE - WOUND - - with a higher average pressure. To such a successful point have these prin- ciples been carried, that the latest types of gun, such a3 the one herewlth shown, have fully 50 per cent greater velocity than the guns of 10 or 15 years ago. The gun weighs 28 tons, has a total length of 37.2 feet, a bore of 9.2 inthes, and measures 36 inches in ex- ternal diameter at the breech and 18 inches at the muzzle. It fires a 380- pound projectile with a muzzle veloc- ity of 2900 feet per second, and a muz- zle energy of 22,160 foot-tons. The pen- etration of ‘'wrought iron at the muzzle 15 87 inches, and at the minimum fight- ing range of 2000 yards its projectile striking equarely would pass through 11 inches of Krupp steel, so that the water line armor of practically every battleship aflogt would be penetrable by this gun. The piece is built by the wire-wound method. It consists of an inner tube containing the powder chamber, and the rifiing, over which is shrunk a heavier inclosing tube of gun steel, and upon this is wound, under very high tension, the wire upon which the gun mainly depends for its tangential strength. Over the wire is shrunk on a single heavy jacket, which extends from the breech for nearly two-thirds of the length of the gun, and a chase hoop or tube, which extends to the muzzle, which latter is slightly swelled to a large diameter, to give the extra reinforcement needed to prevent split- ting at this point.—Scientific Ameri- can. “very bloodily handled.” Cobham's brother was beheaded “like a gentle- man.” The Bishop of Thickester, with the blcod of the latter atill upen him, went then to Lord Cobham. “iim the Bishop .exhorted to confession. Cther prelates were similarly cngeged with Sir Walter Raleigh and Lord Grey. Mnan@lme Markham, ancther of the censpirators, hed been placed upon the scaffold and was about to bow his head unusual,” said a leading club woman the cther day. “The very latest idea is that of dog-walker. The work Is very light and consists in taking pet dogs out for exercise. “The girl whom I know who does this belongs to a good family that lost all of its money. She is passionately devoted to animals and really enjoys her walks with the dogs. Her friends who own dogs pay her so much to take them walking, and she collects them sometimes until she has quite a procession. How she manages them is a marvel, but she does it. As a matter of fact, however, her clients are mostly.toy dogs, so that makes the work easier.”—Philadelphia Press. = e - Smuggler’s Book | — One of the latest devices of the smuggler is to bring in rings, watches and . other compact articles of value to the ax when the Sheriff was called concealed in books. A thick, innocent away by a Scotch hireling, and the looking volume is selected for the prisoner left to contemplate the ax purpose and a hole is hollowed out in for an hour. Then he was led away and told to prepare for death at ths end of ‘two hours. Grey's turn was the center large enough to receive.the smuggled goods. The book is then clogsed and tied up. Its weight offers + : | [ . Cloudborn Electric Waves — TESLA’S + IIYSTER 1O TOWER leading to the bottom. From there O gather in the latent electsicity from the cloyds end with the giobe itself as a medium of transmission to convey tele- graphic kmessages, power for commer- cial purposes, or even the sound of the human voice to the utmost confines of the carth, is theé latest dream of Nikola Tesla. In an article which appeared recent- ly in the Electrical World Mr. Tesla explains the theories on which the world telegraphy system is founded and what he expects to accomplish by it. His plans involve the establishment of staticns for the transmission of mes- sages and power, “preferably near im- portant centers of civilization.” Oddly enough, what Mr.-Tesla proudly desig- nates as the first of his commercial “world telegraphy” stations has been established at Wardenclytffe, L. I, which is not in any sense an important “center of civilization,” but a pla Island railroad as a way station where “a passenger alights occasionally.” The transmitting station Is an octa- gonal tower, pyramidal in shape, and some 180 feet in height. It cons £ huge wooden stilts, heavily braced and reinforced, and surmounted by a cupoia of interlaced steel wires, bent =0 as to form an arc. In the cupola there is a wooden platform occupying its entire width. Mr. Tesla began work on his trans- mitting station about eighteen months ago. While the tower itself is very “stagey” and picturesque, it is the wonders that are supposed to be hidden in the earth underneath it that excite the curlosity of the population in the little settlement. In the center of the wide concrete platform which serves as a base for the structure there is a wooden affair very much like the com- panionway oh an ocean steamer. It leads to a well-like excavation as deep as the tower is high, with walls of masonwork and a circular stairway tunnels have been built in all directions until the entire ground below the little plain on which the tower is raised has been honeycombed with subterranean passages. i They tell with awe how Mr. Tesla, on his weekly visits to Wardenclyffe, spends as much time in the under- ground passages as he does on the tower or in the handsome laboratory and workshop erected beside it, and where the power plant for the world telegraph has been installed. _No instruments have been installed as yet in the transmitter, nor has Mr. Tesla vouchsafed any description of what they will be like, But in his arti- cle he announces that he will transmit from the tower an electric wave of a total maximum activity of ten million horsepower. This, he says, will be possihle with a plant of but 100 horse- power, by the use of “a magnifying transmitter of his own invention and certain artifice: make known in due course. What he expects to accomplish is summed up in the closing paragraph as follows: “When the great truth, accidentally revealed and experimentaliy confirmed, fuily recognized, that this planet, wi ell its appalling immensity, is to electric eurrents virtually no more than a small meta! ball and that by virtue of this fact many possibilities, each baflling imagination and of incalculable consequence, are rendered absolutely sure of accomplishment; when the first plant is inaugurated and it is shown that a telegraphic message, almost as secret and non-interferable as a thought, can be transmitted to any ter- restrial distance, the sound of the human voice, with all its intonations and inflections, faithfully and instantly reproduced at any other point of the globe, the energy of a waterfall made available for supplying light, heat or motive power, anywhere—on sea, or land, or high in the air—humanity will be like an antheap stirred up with a stick. See the excitement coming!” L next. He prayed half an hour before the block, then raised himself to die— and was led away, the King sending word that the order of execution had been changed. So forth came Cobham, and having made his last declaration, prepared fo take farewell of the world, when the Sheriff stayed the execution, and brought ferth Markham and Grey —all' three thinking that the other two had been executed. They were told, after having suffered ‘~» agony of all but death itself, that their lives would be spared. Raleigh's experience was similar. That was how they useéd to make death sentences act as “a deter- rent” in the g old days. There would be danger for those who tried 2 repetition to-day.—St. James Gazette. l Dog Walking “In this day when women are going into 8o many varied occupations for the earning of their livelih it is interesting to note some of more R no clew to the presence of the valu- ables, even if the inspector should take it in his hand, and a book is, of course, likely to pass muster even with the most careful customs agents. The sewing in the kimona consists of one small and one long stitch, a species of artistic basting. There is ceason in this, for whenever the kimona is washed, it is ripped to pieces. This is, perhaps, why the Japanese, who bathe daily, wear such dirty clothes, while the Chinese, who bathe sometimes, wear such clean clothes. The kimona strips are dabbed up and down withcut scap, scrubbed with a brush and are ironed by drying them carefully on boards. One of the sights of a towr are these boards, with their strips of sk, leaning against the sides of the honses. The peasant women not only do the « _women Dummies Deceive Russians DUIITY LIGHTS TO DISCOVER RANCE OF RUSSIAN GUNS S T iz reported that the Japanese -] have had recourse to the expedi- ent, well known in our own navy, of rigging up false lights so ds to deceive the enemy. This is effected in & very simple way. A rough raft is constructd and a pole erected on it, on which two lamps are hung so as to represent the lights of a ship. The work is done in some quiet bay, or at any rate out of sight of the pared the rafts are towed by a torpedo boat to a position from which they can drift with the tide toward an enemy’s forts. The enemy, imagining them to be a line of:ships of war (they may be a mile or two off), open fire. This enables the fleet prepared the rafts to discover the range and character of the enemy’s guns, and it has the further advan- tage of making the enemy waste a good deal of ammunition on nothing. + enemy. When the lights are all pre- —London Sphere. g L, housework, but out-cf-door work as a girl marry him is to try to prevent well. Like the coolies, they weas her from doing it. trcusers and stard knee-deep in the It isn’t what a woman says without slush of the rice paddie guide the looking at you; it is what she looks water buffaloes at the plow, or bind up the straw to dry cn the trees. This is the Japanese idea of a hay stack, and makes the s loox as if they were wearing skirts. Cne of the nowel si mowers, clipoing the lawns scissors as neatly as a lawn mewer, d stopping now aad then to gossip over their tea. Both in China and Japan the tending of silk worms is r.ot cniy done by women, but is re- garéed as an elegant duty. In China each year the Empress inaugurates it ceremonially, as the Emperor does the spring piowing. In ea country the other important indusiry—the tea growing—is largely in the hands of women. is the old with ES & Havana’sGolgothai —— When Americans visit Havana they are confronted with many peculiar customs. One of the most startling and revolting s that which prevails in regard to the dead. Colon Ceme- tery, a beautiful burial ground, laid out in romantic wal arched with superb trees and adorned with costly monuments and classic cehotaphs, is the last home for all, grandee and peasant alike. The rainbow effects of the city's architecture are carried out here, as revealed in the various colors of the cross which mark the graves; but suddenl; and without warning, the vision is astonished with a grotesque contrast, which is truly a shocking commentary upon civilization. It appears that the ground in this cemetery is leased, not sold, and if after a term of five years the renewal rent is not paid the dead forfeit their resting places. The bodies are ruth- lessly dug up and cast into a common heap, exposed to public view along with thousands of other skulls and bones of men, women and children who can never be traced by posterity. —f S e Queen’s Robes 4 Royal annals have never recorded a more varied and extensive wardrobe than that which belonged to the “Vir- gin Queen.” Even at the age of 68, when she might be supposed to have outlived her youthful vanity, she pos- sessed ninety-nine complete official costumes, 102 . French gowns, 100 robes with trains and 67 without, 126 antique dresses, 136 Dbodices, 125 tunics, not to mention such trifles as 96 mantles, 85 dressing gowns and 27 fans. It is pessible that she had an ugly foot, for she possessed only nine pairs of shoes, which, considering her ex- travagances in other articles of ap- parel, must have some meaning. At her death 3000 articles were found duly catalogued in her wardrobe which had adorned her proud person. B Show Bottles ot e Apothecaries were once in the habit of using a red light as a sign of their trade. - It so happened one night that a druggist found himself without the necessary red light, so as a substitute he placed a bottle of red liquid in the window with a candle behind it. He was so well pleased with the effect that he placed another bottle of red liquid in another window. This sign made such a brave show- ing that an envious rival cast about for means of improving the sign. He hit on the scheme of placing a bottle of yeilow liquid by the side of the red cne. and then surpassed his previous eftorts and carried all before him by placing a green bottle by the side of the yellow one. The three made a sign which caught the approval of the town, and all the druggists quickly followed in the footsteps of their more original rivals. The bottles were later replaced by the handsome colored vases which are now such a familiar sign all over the world. . — Bachelorisms A woman can do a great deal of dressing without getting much on. The surest wav for a man to make without saying it. It alwavs seems to a woman unnec- essary harshness to®imprison a bank embezzler who is reported to have been a good husband. A woman calls her husband sarcastic when the children are banging the plano and he rusties his newspaper just to make surg he is reading it. B3 % ~ Valise Boat ; A boat large encugh to carry six persons may be carried in a valise or corner of a trunk. This is because the principle of the pneumatic tire has been applied with such success to boat building. These boats are of two kinds, either of rubber cloth inflated with air and divided into two com- partments, or of a series of inflated tubes coiled lengthwise. These are fitted with pneumatic seats, and the oarlocks are buckled on the sides. When deflated they are reduced to the smallest conceivable weight and com- pass, and the process occupies only a few moments. Experiments prove that these craft will not founder in the heaviest seas. They are so buoyant when filled with air that they will float a weight of several hundred pounds, while the rubber of which they are constructed is absolutely proof against puncture. This invention promises an entirely new era in boatbuilding for purposes of sport and travel. —_— iWhne Ants Usefulf ] — A white ants’ nest is about the last thing in the world one would expect to be of practical service to mankind, yet in Western Australia white ants and their nests are put to a variety of economic uses. In the first place, the aborigines sometimes eat the ants, and there are even a few white residents who have tasted them for the sake of experience, and say they are not bad. But it is not a habit with the aborigines to eat the insects; they prefer to devour the mold out of which the ants build their nests. s Capital ovens are frequently impro- vised by the Australian prospector out of these white ant molds. They make a solid floor, almost like cement, for the settlers’ huts; and in the township of Derby, in Western Australia, they have been turned to profitable use ‘), being rolled in as a top layer on th public roads. e Can Ducks Smell? It has been often asked whether or not ducks can smell. Some hunters cite from their experiences instances that seem to show ducks can smell, others that ducks cannot. Now the nat- uralist would say that ducks, owing to their habit, have no need to smell and hence cannot. This rule is not infalli- ble, but generally holds good. Any wild thing with such eyes as ducks have does not need to smell. Nature seems to have given birds a discerning nose. A fox will Jook straight at a man and not see him, even when only a few feet away, provided he does not smell him or the man does not move. A duck will not only see a man standing per- fectly still at a long distance, regard. less of the wind, but will notice andy change In the landmarks of its haunts or feeding grounds.—Outing. Isabella’s Crown -+ ‘When Jey Gould as a young man was wandering about the country try- ing to sell books the Queen of Spain ‘was wearing as her crown the valuable possession which now “often graces the head of the book canvasser's daughter. ‘When Queen Isabella was exiled she carried with her most of her jewels. One of these was a crown set with some of the finest diamonds, emeralds, rubles and sapphires in the world. A few years ago a Spanish grandee, known to the Prince del Drago, came to America. His sole forfune consisted of the gorgeous crown which had be- longed to his grandaunt. The imperial bauble was offered for sale and w: eventually bought by the Goulds f $125,000. It is now worn by the Count- ess Castellane. o 4 which ¢ Y