The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, November 12, 1903, Page 6

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 1903. % as we ertain business characteris- as by Precisely as the church has a busi- a and altogether | ting them know all the details of this . “business.” LG 5 3 To this may be added a small “interest” sce in which to dis- | the “business,”” from which the child ve much to say about its T iifferences arising with- o deposit or investment of some Kind in the name of both or in the name of the hus- band as trustee. 2 These matters being cared for, that which remains of receipts or profits ought to be systematically and regularly ai- vided between the two. In the case of a | man with a salary, this division may very properly be half to each, since the man has no speclal demands upon his purse for maintaining his position. In the case of a business man, this di- vision may perhaps be two-thirds to the husband and one-third to the wife—since there are some necessary personal ex- penses which a man must meet in con- nection with his business. It will be better, however, to charge this against the business (or, in case of a salary, against family expense) before the division is made. It will be understood that In case of & business man that which is shared from month to month, after the payment of ex- | penses, is such part of the net profit of | his business as may be safely withdrawn. | Profits or earnings which must remain |in the business, of course, cannot be shared in this way. If the question be asked as to what shall be done in case there is no profit, but an actual loss— | the wife will draw from her savings [ enough to meet her share of this loss pre- | cisely as the man will draw from his ac- count to meet it. It has been said frequently that this is entirely impracticable in the case of an extensive business, and nothing is lost by admitting that there may be cases to which this general rule does not apply. But with far the vast majority of la- borers, wage-earners, salaried men and | men conducting ordinary business in the ordinary way, this scheme is entirely | feasible and practical. It has stood the test of years of practice in more than one family. University University.) sentiment and emo- secular side, which carefully distinguished de, so there are or ite business rela- Just 5 B o H 5 o 1 -4 e 8 ¢ g L] 3 B ry apt to leave unpaid and the hurch at a very | special stress | The division having been made, each may again advise the other, if advice is | sought, as to deposit or investment or use, but nefther should offer unsought ad- vice. Each should be made to feel that that which has been recelved through | this division is absolutely personal prop- erty for his or her own unquestioned use. Children may be brought into this “partnership” and may be taught busi- | ness habits by making them serve as ac- | countants for this “firm” (after they are | old enough to do such work) and by let- eat strides to- this condtiion, come from ignoring | »f a woman's abil- | the marriage ficient to say that d observation | | will clothe himself or provide for mis- cellaneous personal expenditures or even | begin a savings account. Where there is | more than one child each may be so taught by giving each this work and this interest, say from the age of 15 to 18. It is especially desirable that daughters be trained in these business habits, be- cause they will scarcely get them else- where, while sons may receive equally good training after they reach the busi- ness world. Making such modifications in this gen- | eral scheme as may be necessary or seem | | desirable, in individual cases, it will be | | found entirely feasible. | Its result will surely be lessened fric- tion, a more correct appreciation on the part of each of the difficulties which each must encounter in the care of his or her part of these matters of mutual interest, and with clearer understanding there will b, CHIEF LIBRARIAN, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, WHO WRITES ON WIFE'S ECONOMY. - : ! ) | + satisfy the writer that women are, or under proper conditions become, just as careful and just as accurate and just as | wise in matters of expenditure as men | are Wherever they seem to fall below the male standard in these matters it is sure- Iy because they have not been given ex- perience or opportunity. It is the duty of the man to render such service in his part of the professional or commercial world as will secure a return adequate for the maintenance of a fam- ily. It is the duty of the woman to care for the expenditure and general adminis- tration necessary to the maintenance of the home. Each ought to advise with the other, 2nd each will advise freely where the re- lations are at all mutual or what they ought to be; but neither will intrude upon the fleld of the other. The administration of the home ought to be, and under nor- mal conditions is, the first care and re- ceives the best thought of the woman. A wife may no more properly neglect this duty, nor make it subsidiary to her own pleasure or personal comfort, than a hus- band may treat his daily work in this way. . t There may come a time when both may be eble to command the services of ex- pert essistants who will relieve them of the personal care of detalls and give them Jelsure for recreation or more congenial undertakings; but until that time comes each must be faithful to his or her trust. A wife who for any reason treats her bounden duty in & left-handed manner, neglects it or postpones till to-morrow what should be done to-day, or sets it asife that she may do that which is more enjoyable, is simply disloyal fo her husband and family; precisely .as he would be disloyal if he were guilty of similar action in regard to his calling. But where the wife is conscientious and loyel granting her fitness to be married at all, she is entirely competent to deter- mine financial details and expenditures and to account for the same. If she is not, she ought to be—and she will not become so by confinuglly refusing to give her the opportunity for this. ¢ it B The best plan advanced for determining these relations is for each party to make & plain. systematic business statement of his or her entire concerns at the close of each month. Certain experiditures, easily determined, should be charged to family expense. This charge will cover rent, taxes, fuel, lights, water, service, “food, household equipment, fire and life and accident in- surance, clothing, etc., for children as long as these are a charge upon the fam- fly, amounts paid for books and maga- zines and the daily press, and reéreation and traveling expenses in which both par- ticipate. Church and charity expenditures are mot included here, since these are and ought to be considered strictly personal matters. Then a definite amount, upon between the tweo should be aside either for accumulated savings, if this is possible, or at least to meet especial emergencies—such as fire, sickness or death. - Tt is well to have this fund, small or ! e :g&!,',,"‘ 2 o | has its special duty. always come less misunderstanding—a consummation most devoutly to be wished. Wonders of Body’s Cells. M. D. (Editor Health Culture Magazine, New York: author of “Food Values of Meat,” ‘‘Com- mon Disorders,” etc.) As stated in a preceding article, the hu- man body, instead of being, as it appears, a solid homogeneous structure, is a mass of cells in number beyond computation, and each organ is a body of cells which When 1t is said, however, that each cell is a separate, independent and, in many cases, appar- ently intelligent individual, the statement may seem incredible. That this may be understood we will consider a few facts concerning the cell as an individual. TR In the first place we find that all the cells of the body, widely different as they are in form, structure and function, have come from one original cell-the ovum. The splitting up, or segmentation, as it is called, of the ovum leads to the for- mation of the embryonic or “indifferent” cells, and these “indifferent” cells divide and subdivide, becoming ever more and more highly differentiated, until, in the adult body, wé find a number and va- riety of cells passing comprehension—cells ranging from those of tooth or bone struc- ture, the duty of which is merely to stay in place and resist pressure, to the pha- gocytes, or devouring cells of the blood, which are actually the guardians of the body and which exercise in the perform- ance of their duties a certain degree of what must be regarded as volition and intelligent choice. . The study of the activities and struc- ture of the cells is beset by many tech- nical difficulties. Among those may be mentioned the microscopic size of the cell, its extreme delicacy, its translucence, rendering artificial staining necessary and the difficulty, often the impossibility, of keeping it alive under the changed con- ditions of the microscope slide. In spite of the difficulties, however, enough Is known to establish the belief that some if not all of the cells are themselves com- plex bodies composed of numbers of emaller bodies and provided with a tubu- lar system in which is a circulating fluid. Another fact which seems firmly estab- lished is that the cells after reaching a certain degree of differentiation form no new varleties, but simply go on reproduc- ng, “each after its kind,” continuing this process until the cells 8o reproduced are of an inferior quality. This deterioration of any body of cells, that is, of an organ, results In Joss of health and ultimately in death for the en}lm organism, .o ‘The process of cell reproduction is thus found to be fundamental to all continu- ance of life and constitutes one of the most beautiful and interesting phenomena of nature. There are several methods by which cells multiply or reproduce themselves. These processes are not as yet perfectly understood. Enough, however, is known to show that the act of repréduction is a very complex operation. The many varieties of cells may be di- vided into four classes—epithelial cells, connective tissue cells, muscle cells and nerve cells. These will be discussed in the next article. Migration of Industry. A notable feature of the present eco- nomical situatiop in the industrial world is the migration of industrles from one country to others, in order to neutralize protective tariffs or antagonistic labor movements, and the starting of facto- ries outside of the zone covered by the hostile tariff. Thus many English firms have recently opened branch factories in United States, and from Germany representatives of several great German chemical industries are negotiating with the Russian authori- to obtain permission to THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL e A e AP et e e A R RS, JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. - - - » - » « . . Address All Communications to JOHN McNAUGHT, Manager Publication Office.... S - THE FRUIT MARKET. S far as the investigation by the State Board of Trade A has gone it is demonstrated that the deciduous fruit growers of California have nothing to say about the cost of boxes, transpertation, commission or final price to the consumer. They pay interest and taxes, the cost of plowing, pruning, thinning, picking and packing their product, and then their property goes into the hands of the middleman, who charges a commission, which they pay, but do not fix, and who makes to them such return as he pleases. No other farm crop is marketed that way. The open price, honestly returned, in Mark Lane fixes the price of wheat to the producer. The Mark Lane price, determined by supply and demand, influenced entirely by what the con- sumer can pay and by the volume of the supply, goes back to the producer, less insurance, transportation and cost of handling. So it is with all the great staple farm crops of the country. The natural law that fixes price works for the benefit of the producer. A farmer should be in training, as he is in fact an in- ternational merchant. The wheat-grower in California is affected by the yield in India. If the monsoon come upon the Indian field in its season, he knows that a full crop will meet his in the world’s market. If the monsoon fail, and drought or the fly appear in the wheat fields of the Black Sea country, he knows that the world’s bread corn is short. In either case he gets the proper price for his own crop, in- fluenced by supply and demand. So it is with cotton, to- bacco, rice, sugar and all of the great staples of the world. Though fruit is a more perishable property, the difficulties of its transportation to a distant market have been so far overcome that the green fruit of California is steadily mar- keted in London in prime condition and in csmpetition with the green fruits of Southern Europe. The shippers who attend to their own business get a larger profit out of that far market than others, who have nothing to say about their fruit after it leaves the packing-house, get out of the domestic market, only half as distant. An investigation of the price paid by the consumer shows a wide discrepancy between that and the returns made to the producer. This must, in the nature of things, mean that the consumer is paying too much or that the producer is cheated. If the price paid by the consumer for California fruit were subject to the same law and regulation as the price of wheat, when the consumer pays fifty cents per pound, the producer would receive fifty cents per pound, less freight, refrigeration and commission. We desire to make this plain, in order that the fruit-grower may be put in the way of establishing the same method and the same means for securing the natural and proper price for his prop- erty as the grower of other staple crops. The producer takes all the risk. He stands exposed to all the risk of wind and weather, of deluge and drought. The insects and fungi attack him. He stands at the initial point, the origin of the business. He it"is who goes with naked hands to the conquest from nature of a valuable article of commerce. necessary to the welfare of others, re- quired for their health and nurture. When the raisin- grower of Fresno fights phylloxera and thrips, red spiders and grasshoppers, and meets frost with smudge, and stacks and unstacks his trays as it rains or shines in the drying season, and gets six cents a pound for his finished prod- uct, and the consumer only 200 miles away pays for it twelve cents a pound, it is evidence that one hundred per cent has been absorbed somewhere, somehow and by some- body between the producer and the consumer. Extend this condition to the whole fruit crop of this State, green, dry and canned, and it is believed that in the process of dis- tribution, after the product leaves the grower, there is an equal average absorption of one hundred per cent, which the consumer pays and none of which reaches the producer, who has taken all the risk to create the supply. How this is done, by whom, and at what stage of the passage from producer to consumer, is what the State Board of Trade is determined to find out. If the fact is established, then a remedy may be applied. The middleman, the com- mission man, takes no risk at all, at least none that is so far apparent. If the fruit do not sell for enough to pay the freight, he exacts it from the producer just the same and also takes his’ commission out of whatever price the fruit bringsc He is apparently the master of the situation. The grower makes the investment, produces the property, pays all the cost of getting it to the consumer, stands the loss in transit and has nothing to say! The investment in fruit plantations in this State is enor- mous, It runs far into tens of millions. It is increasing, since it is proved by the absorptive capacity of the market that overproduction seems impossible. New land in the foothills is yearly cleared for new citrus and deciduous or- chards. The olive and fig follow the lead of deciduous and citrus planting. For every tree and vine put in the ground a new consumer appears within transportation- reach. Wheat fields are turned into orchards and vineyards. This is the greatest fruit-growing country in the world in area, in possible variety, in stability and certainty of supply. If a proper return from the consumer in all markets that we reach come back to the producer, we have in fruit- growing the most interesting, attractive and profitable in- dustry related to the soil that the world has seen. Let all the facts about the market and the profit and the pro- ducer’s rightful share be threshed out by upholding the State Board of Trade in its comprehensive inquiry. Students in a New York medical college initiated an unfortunate seeker after learning into one of their Greek letter fraternities the other day and killed him. These young men would probably be shocked if they were tried for murder, but will feel no inconvenience in going through life as unconvicted murderers. Somebody will rise some day to prove to collegians that blackguardism is not an incidental liberty of the campus, nor are murder and outrage essentials to sweetness and light. 3 Federal officials stationed in this city are giving them- selves much mental concern to determine whether a Chi- nese manufacturer, desiring entrance to the United States, is, within the meaning of the law, a merchant or a laborer. If it be not impracticable a little light might be shed on the subject by the testimony of, say, Schwab or Carnegie. No one will deny that they are merchants and a shrewd suspi- cion is abroad that they are laborers. S S ol Eastern capitalists have expressed a desire to buy our newly authorized municipal bonds as soon as the Supreme Court has passed judgment uporr the question of their valid- ity. It is refreshing to know that San Francisco does not have to accept this desire as a compliment. What we have to sell is an advantage to the buyer, not the seller. ARSI S The new republic of Panama may not be a very healthy baby in the family of nations, but it has raised a tremen- dous stir and a great noise since its in the world. It is strange that such a little thing 1 S0 necessary THE DOMINICAN BRAWL. HE Panama situation may be studied not only in the T light of the past brawls on the isthmus, and of the revolutions, so called, in Salvador, Honduras, Guate- mala, Nicaragua and Venezuela, but by the glare of the present proceedings in San Domingo. The United States is pledged to support the Monroe doctrine by every consideration of national honor and safety. The risk we take in doing so is yearly made greater by the vicious disorders in Latin-America. Brawling and theft, of which European nationals were the victims, fol- lowed by the bad faith of Venezuela in disregarding her in- ternational obligations to Europe, put upon us the grea!l strain incident to the concerted blockade of the ports of' that country. The diplomatic world has been kept in a ferment by the issues of that act, which barbaric disregard of decency made necessary. Now San Domingo, not yet recovered from the revolution of last year, and not yet having paid for the theft or destruction of the property of American and other, nationals, is at it again. A band of thieves representing the “outs” is after the | band of thieves representing the “ins” with fire and sword, | torch and guns, hammer and tongs. Both bands of thieves | on land have in partnership crews of pirates with armed ships on the sea. Both bands are proclaiming blockade, and American ships are fired upon, and German ships are | threatened, turned back and prevented from landing their cargoes. The commerce of all nations is interfered with, those who carry it on are endangered, and there is roar and uproar throughout the Caribbean Sea. Right across the Mona Passage our flag flies over Porto Rico. Jamaica is near by. Civilization is handy to San Domingo, but its influence does not penetrate the impervious skulls of the people of that little autocratic flea among nations. Ger- many has to send a warship there to protect her subjects and their property. It may be fired upon by some of the fool pirates who are chasing the merchant ships of other nations. In a moment the most serious complications, in- volving the Monroe doctrine with the rights of Europe, may arise. On the isthmus our treaty of 1846 makes us the police- man to protect the’rights of the world to peaceful transit of that narrow strip. The Monroe doctrine makes us the policeman of the Western Hemisphere. As such it may become our duty to take these San Domingan thieves by their ample ears and sit them down with a jolt that will break their teeth. It is time an example were made with some of these brawlers. They may any day involve us in a war with Europe, or, in what is worse, a surrender of our hegemony of the hemisphere. If civic principles and human rights were being advanced by these revolutions, as they were advanced by the revolutions of 1643, 1688 and 1776, it would be our duty to keep hands off and hope for the victory of principles. But there is no principle at stake in any of them. They are simply plundering raids to attain power and use it for oppression. They deserve no more respect than a train robbery in Montana or Missouri. Some of our local police officers, noticeably those that have been most frequently in trouble, are agitating a scheme to_force every person making complaints against them to file a bond as a pledge that he will prove his charges. Such a plan of protection is obviously unwise. The worthy offi- cers of the department do not need it, and the unworthy, who think the world revolves around their clubs, should not be armed with it as a menace to legitimate inquiry of their acts. B Paragyay and the Governments of Germany and France, through bills of lading are now granted upon all merchandise shipped from Asuncion to ports of either of the European powers. Instead of having to procure one bill of lading at Paraguay’s capital city for the shipment of merchandise down the La Plata, and a second one upon transhipment to Buenos Ayres, the German and French exporter now has only to turn over his goods to the tiver steamship company at Asuncion, receiving therefor a through bill of lading to Europe. By the freedom from anxiety and the insurance against delay consequent upon this new commercial arrangement the trade interests of Germany and France in the great La Plata Valley are in- creased twofold. This is but another step in the march of commercial supremacy in South America exerted by England, France, e——— SOUTH AMERICAN COMMERCE. Y treaties recently established between the republic of and especially Germany. In Brazil five of the largest gold mines are worked by English syndicates and one by a French company, the united capital of the six being $6,700,- 000. British capitalists own most of the great refrigerating plants for meat preservation in Argentina. Through its nu- merous colonies in Brazil and Argentina, by the influence of its commerce and the power of its bankers, Germany is practically conquering the two largest South American re- publics. While it obeys the letter of the law in the eyes of diplomacy, William's empire is subverting the Monroe doctrine by the growing power of trade. In the commercial enterprises of the eastern coast of the southern continent more particularly the United States|I am cuts no figure at all. One American Consul writing from a port of Colombia sends up the despairing cry that there is not a merchant from his land in the district. Of the ex- ports from Argentina in the year 1901 $28020,750 went to TALK OF THE Love Past Understanding. It was along a dusty ride and the stage driver was teiling a story. “You see that vast stretch of alkali land over yonder. Well, a few years ago that place used to be the coyotes’ delight. I guess there's been a score of men perished there in the last five years. Whenever one of the boys’ happened to have to cross the ‘devil tract,’ as they uster call it, and ran acyoss a few bones scattered over a square rod of ground they’d push ‘em together, dig a little hole and shove 'em in without so much as a prayer for the poor devil who uster own ’‘em. “‘One hot day the mules were tugging through this here sandy stretch that borders the ‘devil's tract,” when I noticed an odd little bundle a mile or so off in the waste, Being a lfttle ahead of time, I drove across the hot sand in the direction of the bundle, more out of curiosity than anything else. I thought some prospec- tor had cached some of his provisions out there and covered them with a canvas. ‘When I got nearer I see a dog sitting by the pile and a way off to the west a couple of burros were picking up what little bunch grass they could find. As I approached the dog gave a snarl. I could see that under the canvas was the form of a human being. I succeeded in ‘con- vincing the dog that I was all right and pulled back the canvas. It was an awful sight that greeted my eyes. An old man was lying there dead, by his side an emp- ty canteen. A lump rose in my throat as I dug a shallow hole with a piece of board. Then I got out my best horse blanket and carefully wrapped the poor devil in it and slid his corpse into the hole, my every movement being greeted with a snarl from the faithfui dog. ““As I finished I heard a low howl and turned to see three coyotes sgeadily watching me from a little knoll not far off. Every time I tried to get the dog to leave the spot he would only growl, so I drove off, thinking maybe he might fol- low. As I looked back I could see his dark form outlined against the white background, sitting there in that terrible waste of sand. F didn’t pass again for a week and looked for the dog, but he was gone. I drove over again and found what ‘was Jeft of the poor critter lying mangled and torn by his master's grave. A few meatless bones told the tale. How long the dog had lived or what a terrible fight he had against thirst and In trying to keep the coyotes from the grave, God only knows.” Tale of a Kitty. It's a shame to tell the story, but really it is too rich to keep. The thing all happened while the Bank- ers’ Association was holding its conven- tion here three weeks ago. Four of the best known financial men of New York were shut up in a back room of a down- town resort, freeing thelr souls from the labors and responsibilities of the conven: tion by a stiff little game of ‘“‘draw. They were bankers and they were playing a game which was well up in the line of limits. The dealer gave each man a new hand. Two of the players laid down their hands; each of the remaining twain ‘‘stood pat.” “Twenty-five for a starter,” sald the man with the gray whiskers, putung a crisp roll of greenbacks on the table. He used greenbacks because he came from New York. “Raise you twenty,” came from the al- dermanic banker across the table. “‘Raise you twenty yourself,” retorted the gray-whiskered gent with a reassur- ing lock at his hand. And so it went until the roll of bills on the table began to give that little back room the appearance of a sub-treas- ury. At last the eager gentleman with the comfortable embonpoint confessed that he had no more money with him, but that he would not back down and would be glad to continue the betting in the morning after he could make a loan at one of the local banks. The other agreed, and the fat “‘kitty’”” on the table, together with the two fateful hands of cards were locked in the safe for the night. The next morning at 9 o’clock the com- fortable gentleman called upon one of the presidents of a local bank upon a matter of confidential business. “Lend you $500 on that hand? Well, I should say that I will,” the bank presi- dent was heard to remark in a sprightly tone as he took down his checkbook from the pigeon hole. That banK president knows a few things outside of clearing- house reports and second mortgages. But that hand contained four kings and a queen. The other banker—the one with the gray whiskers—he held a right little, tight little straight flush. The Sonm. O little babe In tiny cot, Glad visions gild thy sleep! May happiness e'er thy lot, Qod'ap:nleln thy eoul keep! The fleeting smiles upon thy lips Find place forever there— 1 kiss thy rosy finger tips God bless my babe so fair! Back from my toil when day is done, And lo! the babe is gone. A sturdy lad the evening sun Now kindly beams upon. *Tis still my babe, though changed in form— He holds my he;”m;rlnn yet— Lord, shield my rom care and storm, Grant he may ne'er forget! Switt glide the seasons o'sr my head, The.years are rolling past; The boy is gone and in his stead A man hath come at last— A man who kindly smiles on me And tells me—ah! too true: not what I used to The years have changed me too, © Matron, on whose once bright hair December's snows fall fast, love and care The tree tbat knew they *Tis still our boy, he ever stands % end— Now shadeth us at last! Great Britain, $28637,121 to France, $21,470,882 to Ger- | Son, lend us nowmmutm. kind hands, many and only $0,206,454 to the United States. In the same year the British exports into Brazil amounted to $5921,745; the imports from the United States were only $2,347,075 for the same year. Much has been said during the last year of the com- mercial invasion of Europe by the United States. Our To us, indeed, a fri And lead us t.o & N Penny Wise. “Turner County, South Dakota, boasts probably the only millionaire who lives in a hovel,” says Colonel Sam West of the Pickerel State, who is visiting this merchants have fought Germany over their meat and fruit, | city. “His name is Peter Aggergaard, and bickered with other European powers over the endless | 2@ e 1s a cattle king. question of tariff. Meanwhile the great continent below us, which we have sworn to protect from European armed in- vasion, is falling before the assaults of European trade. mines. Tt is small wonder that the counties of the State are in friendly but stern rivalry for space at the St. Louis on dress parade to see what each nation has best to display. ————ee. Exposition, that great emporium where the world will be | and marketing_ “Aggergaard arrived in Dakota from Denmark about twenty-three years ago and took up a Government claim. -He had just $100 in cash and this went for a yoke of oxen and a few necessary farming im- plements. In those days the settler's ex- ‘were light. Cattle were cheap on * abundance of the prairie, have made many a man In that pioneer land independent. D after ‘breaking’ his claim the first crop, invested the money in cattle. His herds have accumu- lated until thousands of his cattle browse TOWN - thousands. At Alton, Towa, the train got stalled in a blizzard and was held there for three days. All of the passengers ex- cept Aggergaard went to the two hotels in the town. The cattleman slept in the walt- ing-room of the rallroad station, and twice a day he would tramp through the snow to a little grocery store and pur- chase § cents’ worth each of crackers and cheese. His net living expenses for the three days aggregated 6 cents. When the road was again clear and the train had reached the South Dakota station nearest the millionaire's headquarters ranch he purchased the usual meal of crackers and cheese and the last I saw of him he was trudging six miles through snow eighteen inches deep to reach his own fireside.” Taxing the Host. According to a titled European observ- er of affairs of the day, a royal visit by one of the crowned heads calls for an exchange of financial courtesies which are rather disastrous to the nation which has the fortune to play the host. “There are no shrewder business people in the world than the Italians, the Lom- bards, indeed, being the originators of the modern system of banking,” says this keen observer. “No surprise will, there- fore, be caused by the fact that the Ital- ians are about to take a remarkably clever advantage of the excellent impres- sion created throwghout Europe by the recent visit to Parls of King Victor Em- manuel and his beautiful consort—an im- pression which is likely to be rendered still more agreeable by the cordial wel- come which the excellent ‘Papa Loubet,” as the French President is known every- where, is certain to receive a few weeks hence at Rome. The advantage in ques- tion is nothing more nor less than the conversion of the Italian debt from 5 to 3 per cent interest. Nearly $500,000,000 of the Italian debt is held in France, and the resultgpf this conversion of Itallan bonds from 5 to 3 per cent will constitute a severe blow to the incofnes of the petty bourgeoise of France, by whom the Ital- fan Government stocks are largely held. The preparations for this conversion are already under way. Of course, the Itai- fan treasury authorities do not dream of admitting that there is any connection between the transactions and the visit to Paris of the King and Queen of Italy; but the popularity which the latter have acquired in France, more especially in the gay metropolis, has been turned to good account by those who are arranging for the conversion of the debt. For they have managed to create such a boom in Itallan Government stocks as te bring their price up to 105, and it is on this ground—that is, the exaggerated value of the bonds—that they are to be converted into 3 per cents.” American Hospitality. In commenting on the reception of the Honourable Artillery Company in Boston and New York, the London Globe says: “The gastronomic perils which the mem- bers of the Honourable Artillery Com- pany have found in America afford but one more instance of the splendid ¥ tality which America ofle:‘; to nef-“’:':’.' itors from this side. A writer in a weekly paper was discussing this some time ago, and comparing it with the Thospi which we cxercised toward visitors from the States. He came to the conclusion that in this respect, if no other, we have much to learn from America. N who has not crossed the Atlantic can ful- ly realize the boundless hospitality of the American. The reports of it which find their way Into the papers deal only with the manner in which celebrities have been received. and it is not as regards these that the hospitality is so remarkable, for every country likes to welcome people of importance. It is when the private indi- vidual goes across that he has the op- portunity of judging. Onme letter of in- troduction will carry him through a city in a sort of tri 'ss. People will make it their business to Introduce him to their and to see that he enjoys himself. The normal condition of the average Briton In such cases is one of haunting fear lest he may be saddled with a bore, 2and be unable to get rid of him. We might take courage and profit by the example of our cousins of New York and Boston.” World's Fair Notes. ‘Wurzburg, Germany, will exhibit two large paintings at the World's Fair. show- ing the growth of the city Quring the last fifty years. New Mexico day at the World’s Fair ‘will be August 19, 1904. It is the anniver- sary of the day on which General Kearny took formal possession of the Territory. Minnesota will exhibit, at the World's Fair, a series of photographs of flower vegetable gardens cultivated by the pu- pils of her public schools. The Hotel Men's Mutual Benefit Asso- ciation has been Invited to make St. Louis the place of its next annual meeting and the Inside Inn, within the World's Falr grounds, its headquarter. Satisfactory progress is being made on the replica of the Castle of Charlotten- burg, which at the World's Falr will be Germany’s national pavillon. It stands on the top of the hill northeast of the east restaurant pavillon. has been raised. The contractor says he ‘will have the building under roof Novem- ber 15. ‘A dome 160 feet above ground will be the striking feature of this his- toric structure, the plans of which were revised by Emperor Willlam, Latest in Policemen. The dog policeman is the newest of- ficlal on the force of Ghent, Belgium. The particular duty of the police doggie will be as an “emergenty man.” The officers are statloned at various intervais