The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, October 27, 1902, Page 3

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, MOXNDAY, OCTOBER 27, 1902. FORESTRY RESERVE SYSTEM PROPOSED FOR CALIFORNIA EMBRACES MILLIONS OF ACRES Life> of Rivers Is Dependent Upon It. Action Follows Making of Surveys. Government Aid Necessary to Success. HIS wmorning The Call pub- lishes the first authentic map showing the location of the proposed great system of forest reserves on the western slopes of the Sierra and the adjacent watersheds at the head- of California’'s great rivers. preservation of these forests necessary for the protection of the The water supply of the State be- prime jmportance in consideration need for irrigation in the Sacra- and San Joaquin valleys, no apol needed for the space taken by the Thereon are outlined the tracts a. reserved by the National Govern- those recently withdrawn for the pose of creating forest reserves and, en more interesting, the large addition- waters is ment P ¢! areas which the California Water and Torest Association finds it is necessary to reserve to accomplish the beneficent rposes in view. is due to the “work of the California Water and Forest Association that the Commissioner of the General Land Office at Washington, acting under the direc- of the Secretary of the Interior, has withdrawn approximately -6,000,- in Northern California counties ¥ he serves. The 8q recent re miles 2024 =q sta reserve, 1 en withdrawals rve, reserve and §i2 ¢ Diamond Mountain forests. aggregate more than 9000 These om the reservations farther south. nect them and to protect adequately e headwaters of the rivers of the Sac- ramento and San Joaquin valleys the ad- éition of & vast strip of land to the re- served area, varying in width from forty ninety miles, is sought. This tract ex- through the counties of Placer, 2, Plumae, Butte, Tehama, Lassen nd Shasta on the western siope of the There are other important pro- additions, but the one just de- d is th* greatest in extent and sig- In total this one strip to be amounts to more than 5500 square miles Other proposed additions to the forest reserves are indicated by lettering on the purpose of creating forest re- include 387) the Klamath River forest miles in the Mount 592 square miles in the square miles in square miles, the tracts so withdrawn are separated To - I | { | | [ i | | o —— ed of timber in thirty years in the absence of any deterrent, the significance of the situation to the large areas of agricul- tural areas now depending upon the streams named is easily seen. The Mount Shasta reservations will pro- tect the McCloud and Sacramento rivers. The Diamond Mountain forest reserve will protect some smaller streams and the North ¥ork of the Feather River, but the remainder of the Feather River, as was previously remarked, and the Yuba River still stand to lose the reservoirs that na- ture has provided uniess further action is p. The hope for success entertained 5 g the 7000 members of the California 'Aken by the Government, ster and Forest Association is based . oo R I&n 3:"“' :]am;e f‘}"“ than he action already taken by the v ETER 0 BRDEE ' SN along the v men upon the ease with which e imperative need that California has preserve the natural reservoirs for vater that the forests afford can shown upon the reports of trusted of- jals of themselves thoroughly ac- nted with the mountain regions of fornia during the last few years, and the general sentiment of the entirs country in favor of preserving the forests as shown in legislation for a forest re- serve in the Adirondacks and the atten- tion to the closely related subject of ir- rigation. PROPOSITION IS BASED ON RIPE EXPERIENCE Paving Way to Utilize Fluid That Brings Prosperity to Farm Lands. Time has demonstrated the fallacy of the opinion earlier entertained that an average gainfall could insure the best possible results for agriculture in default of systematic irrigation. Some years ago, Guring the Cleveland administration, for- est reserves of large size were created to protect the rivers that flow through the Ban Joaquin Valley. The smaller num- ber of streams in the San Joaquin region attracted earlier attention on the part of the National Government to the neces- sity for preserving the foliage of the watersheds of that region. Now, as a consequence, the greater reservations are sought to insure the headwaters of the Bacramento, McCloud, Feather, American 2nd Yoba rivers and other streams that play an important part in the prospective value and prosperity of the Sacramento ey. t this time the headwaters of the greater part of the Feather and all of the Yuba River are absolutely unprotected. Estimating that at the present speed with which timber lands in the State are pass- g into private ownership and the rapid be the general Government, Who Feather River have been taken into pri- vate ownership. Additional reservations that the California Water and Forest As- scciation hope to have established include Siskiyou and Del Norte counties, the res- ervations extending up into Josephine and Jackson counties, in Oregon: also the Warner reservation, to protect the Blue Slate country, in Modoc and extending up into Oregon. While the National Government has committed itself to the establishment of reservoirs for the storage of water and the irrigation of arid lands in a large area, the folly of permitting the destruc- tion of the forests, which are natural and very efficient reservoirs, must appear in a strong light. Bome interesting facts have been ascer- tained by an eminent engineer concerning the agency of forests in the storage of water in this State which are now ger- mane. On the South Fork of the Yuba River there is a watershed of 139 square miles, which was gauged on September 19, 1900, after three successive seasons of de- ficient rainfall, and the minimum run-off ‘was 113 cubic feet per second, or .81 cubic feet per second per square mile. This area is well covered with timber and brush and in 120 days was found to give a minimum run-off of 1,441,152,000 cubic feet. The drainage basin of the north fork of the same river is more heavily timbered than the basin of the other forks and conse- quently has a deeper sofl, and only one- tenth of the total drainage area was found to furnish 75 per cent of the low water flow of the entire drainage basin above Parks Bar. EXPERT TELLS ABOUT EFFECTS OF FORESTS Dis- . Strong Argnmenk—l; Based Upon coveries Concerning Flow of Yuba River. The same authority makes the following statement, based on investigations along the Yuba River, concerning the measure !l i 2 h or E‘, TomE s s " gt has heretofore been described as comparatively bare of timber. The timber areas that once existed have been cut off. The run off of this area is practically nothing for 120 days gach year, due to the absepce of ¢ d rush. the discharge would cublc feet per ‘second, or equivalent to 1,036,800,000 cubic feet effective storage capacity, a discharge more than equivalent to one-half the storage capacity of all the reservoirs above Lake Spauiding dam. These aggregate 1,375,000,000 cubic feet and the low water discharge of 100 cubic feet per second for 120 days is equivalent to 1,036,000, €00 cubic feet. As_the basis of this estimate is the extreme low water discharge, it is afe to assume to that by afforesting the watershed this costly and extensive system of reservoirs might be safely drawn upon for double its present capac- ity. ~ When this reasoning is applied to the entire 1357 square miles, instead of to smail fractions thereof, the force of the argument becomes more apparent. The California Water and Forest Association and the engineers who have been employed by it agree in the conclusion that the solution of the storage of flood waters is not in the retention of a small percentage of the storm waters behind dams so much as in applying storage over the entire watershed by the sys- tematic protection and pxtension of forest and brush covered areas. Recent conditions have favored the ex- tension of forest reserves in this State. The astonishing statement of the State Mineralogist, published exclusively in The Call some time ago, showed conclu- sively that within a few months at least 250,000 acres of land in the mineralized sections of the State and largely mineral raace frosxo woor EEL 3 incalculable value. headwaters of several California sivers. UPON SIERRAN SLOPES HE California Water and Forest Association, after a period of investigation and study, with the aid of expert engineers and extending through several months, is reaching re- sults through the action of the Government at Washington. Six million acres have been withdrawn from entry that forest reserves may be formed of that area for the protection of the This is hailed with satisfaction by the 7000 members of the association, who make up an exceptionally influential body of citizens of this State. But more reservations are needed, particularly for the benefit of the Sacramento Valley, which, if properly irrigated could support twice as many people as now dwell in the entire State. What more is required is told this morning. The map illustrates the text strikingly. great importance to California. Enough water can be saved for all the uses of agriculture for- ever if the forests are not shorn from the mountains, where they serve as natural reservoirs of The association seeks to save these forests from destruction. +Bro'ac} Belt Extending Thro ughout Entire Length The theme is of ! ! l ! ~ of Watersheds of Two Great Valleys Selected for Preservation. the land grabbers will be investigated in turn. ASSOCIATION PERSISTS IN ITS GOOD WORK Sees Opportunity to Co-operate With State Mineralogist in Having Lands Withdrawn. The work of the Water and Forest As- sociation has been quiet but persistent. The aid that the association has received the officers have not been slow to ac- knowledge. In a recent issue of Water and Forest an article from the pen of Professor Dudley of Stanford University appears. Water and Forest is the organ of the association. In the article referred to occurs the following: This is an opportunity for our Water and Forest Association which should neither be neglected nor postponed. It can come to the support of the Mining Bureau with its own strength and It could easily bring this mat- ter (the irregular acquirement of Callfornia torested areas) to the attention of others, so a6 to enlist the co-operation of every board of trade of standing In the State. _— - Secretary ing on through the geological survey and the Bureau of Forestry. Tt has been said by as well-informed an expert in forest lands as we have in America that most of the timber and land holdings in California obtained through sale and entry have been obtained illegally. Surely California ought to have arrived at a sufficient sense of the value of its social standing among States to put a stop to such things. In the organization known as the Cali- fornia Water and Forest Association, of which Willlam Thomas is the president and T. Cary Friedlander the secretary, are included members of every trade body in California, county officers from all counties, bankers, farmers and, in short, it is as representative a pody of citizens as could possibly be collected in favor of one movement in California, and this fact is of value in estimating the probabilities of future success in securing the reserva- tion of the tracts indicated on the map that have not been wihdrawn yet by the Secretary of the Interior. In the large areas just withdrawn by the Commissioner of the General Land Office, acting under the direction of the Secre- tary of the Interlor, there afe included large private holdings, for the scrippers and others have been active in the last few months. Concerning the reservations in Siskiyou and Del Norte counties, the understanding is that they are favored by the Secretary of the Interior and he also is understood to favor the Warner reser- vation, which is indicated on the map and which extends into Oregon. FRIEDLANDER TELLS WHAT HAS BEEN FOUND Sacramento Valley Has But Little Protection in Watershed So Far Reserved. Twenty-six townships of public lands have been temporarily withdrawn from entry in Lake and Glenn counties for the benefit of the headwaters of Stone Creek, which flow into the Sacramento River. Friedlander of thie talifornia Water and Forest Association says that the Sacramento Valley water supply has - % ss il ! | s 1 i r 1 1 1 ' 1 ! | > S TR E Iz s St s Y Eivg — ~— - Sacramento Valley Development Associa- tion and the State Mineralogist and the Governor of California have united in a memorial to. President Roosevelt petition- ing for. the 'withdrawal from entry of public lands pending an investigation. As the first fruit of this concerted movement the Government has withdrawn from en- try the Susanville district in Lassen County and an investigation is proceed- ing In which the Government is repre- scnted by a special agent and the State 1 REPRODUCTION FROM OFFICIALLY PREPARED MAP UPON WHICH ARE DELINEATED THE PRESENT °! FOREST AREAS PRESERVED BY THE GENERAL GOVERNMENT, AND PROPOSED ADDITIONS WHICH ARE ADVOCATED BY WATER AND FOREST ASSOCIATION. TRACTS RECENTLY WITHDRAWN The Sferra Club took this matter up three years ago and Jald it before the Interior De- partment and the California members of Con- gress. The time was not then favorable; 1t was (he year preceding a national election, and moreoyer public sentiment was ‘not matured on the subject. The Sierra Club will, how- ever, again warmly favor this movement. There are several very good reasons for con- sidering the present time an auspicious one for the success of the State Mineralogist's ef- forts: the President has recommended such sus- pensfon of entry of lands in his last annual mes- sage, the new natlonal irrigational law makes it an absolutely logical step, and lastly there is recen — comparatively little protection in reserved watershed. In explanation of the accom- panying map he says that the areas de- fined in the proposed western additions show the varying extent of the watershed. He says further: “‘Our principal effort now is to protect the Sacramento Valiey. The people have con- cluded that the Western slopes of the great mountairs on the east of the valleys must be fully forested. They are largely forested now. The difficulty in to prevent the destruction of the forests. of devastation. The winter rains, which f water, are not-abso; ed lands. The water runs off. gullies the land and pours down in torrential streams to run waste. Our work is In the interest of every lasting industry In California, primarily of irrization, but also of navigation. When the winter rains are permitted to run off immediately after they have fallen there is no way to keep up the Water to the navizable depth in many streams in the summer. Mr. Friedlander thinks that the Stats will have a duty to perform of the first importance in protecting the forest re- serves from fire in connection with the national Government. In the Investiga~ tion that preceded the recommendations to the Secretary of the Interior many en- gineers took part. The United States irri- gatlon expert, Professor Elwood - Mead, has acknowledged the obligations of the Government to the representatives of the Water and Forest Association who assist- ed the Government In the work It was car- rying on in this State. With the co-operation of the Water and Forest Association the Government was able to learn the conditions along nine streams in different parts of the Stdte, and these conditions were reasénably sup- posed to be typical of all. The streams examined were the Susan River, Yuba River, Cache Creek, Kings River, San Joaquin River, Salinas River, Los Angeles River, San Jacinto River and the Sweetwater River. The examining experts were James D. Schuyler, Edward M. Boggs, Professor C. D. Marx of Stan- ford University, Professor Frank Soule of the University of California, C. E. Grun- sky, James M. Wilson, Marsden' Manson and Willlam E. Smythe. They were as- sisted by Albert Halen of Standish, W. D. Minckler of Susanville, H. D. H. Connick, F. F. 8. Kelsey, Frank Adams, N. P. Ash- ley, E, F. Haas, F. C. Hermann, J. C. Henkenius, the engineers and officers of mining, water and canal companies and a number of professors of both Stanford University and the University of Califer- nfa. The foundation was laid for a thor- ough understanding by the Government of the actual conditions in California. The facts thus carefully and thoroughly ascer- tained form the basis of a loug report, elaborately illustrated, that has been sub- mitted to the Government by Professer Elwood Mead in his capacity of irrigation expert in charge. ELWOOD MEAD MAKES AN INTERESTING REPORT Says California Should Be Egypt of Western Hemisphere in Fertility. In his report Professor Mead makes very interesting estimates of the available wa- ter supply of the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys. He says: Such water ought to-make of this land the Eypt of the Western Hemisphere. A _sevel years' record of the flow of th: Sac mento River, measured above the confluence of this stream with the San Joaquin, shows that during that serfod 181,553,808 acre feet of water ran into San Franeisco Bay. This means the annual discharge for these years was near- 1y 26,600,000 acre feet. On & duty of two acre feet per acre this would irrigate 18,000,000 acres. It is doubt- ful, however, if it will require two acre feet of water to irrigate an acre of land in the Sacramento Valley. As near as can be de- termined the irrigable area of the valley is less than 13,000,000 acres—probably some- where between 10,000,000 and 12,000,000 acree. Hence the water that runs to waste, if it could be made available, would more than sul- fice to irrigate every acre that can be reached by canals from the river or from its tribu- tarfes. The same unquestioned authority also has given the following view comparing California, Egypt and Italy, showing what are the possibilities with due measures taken to have the water supply of the State saved and utilized: There are more acres of irrigable land In the San Joacuin Valley than are now watered in Egypt from the Nile, where agriculturs alone supports more than 5,000,000 people, maintains a costly government and pays the interest on a national debt half as large as that of the United States. The area that can be irrigated from the Sacramento is about equal to that irrizated in Italy frem the Po. The population in the California_ Valley is about 20 people to the square mile. In the Itallan valley it is about 300 to the square mile. . The iriigated lands along the Nile support 543 persons to the square mile. Such a settle- ment of the Sacramento Valley would more than double ths present population of tre State. It _is belleved that an irrigated: square m#s in this valley will support as many people in comfort as now live on an equal area in either of the other districts referred to, because neither of these surpasses California in the diversity or value of its products or the ex- cellence of its markets. As a matter of course this pleasing ple~ ture of what might be was not based upon the supposition that the State would be so deforested that all the water that falls would run off immediately and leave the sofl and the beds of streams dry in sum- mer. That deforesting means wholesale disaster in the opinion of the experts who have toiled with the Water and Forest Association. This it is that has lent zeal ogress that modern machinery makes in by fovests: in nature had been grabbed by Eastern Mineralogist also has a reprisentative in 800d precedent for it already in the When once the timber cutters get to Work ang energy to the efforts of which the the Gestruction of forests the western Ol 5\ohi8¢ PIoUShL about by (OreCts. s, Speculators through the employment of that district. All the mining district from Jiihorawal from sale and entry of ber they make & plean sweep. Eirst, they cut o rmap gives some general idea to the read- slopes of the Slerra will be entirely denud- there 1s & watershed of 120 square miles, whieh dummy locators. Since then the which complaints have come relative to TUtah, pending the classification of it, now go- goes for Then fires finish the wors ers of The Call RULES TO GUIDE PRESS OF AUSSIA 4T. PE.ERSBURG, Oct 26—For the first time in the history of the Russian press during the last half century the censorship has made a compilation of the prohibitions and partial prohibitions which it considers stil binding. This authority has issued thousands of circu- lars directing the periodical prints of the two capitals, which are not subject to the preventive censorship, how to handle certain matters and forbidding any refer- cnee to others. The following are the mors notable pro- visions of the censorship: may not be pn}l;ll.!:mgu o conscnt of the. Minist Ty of the Interior; likewise, rumors al the same; likewise, acts and of the Czar, 2. * Matters emanating from the bigher $ov- ernmental circles, such as documents and o sions may not be referred to without the con- ®ant of the suthority concerned. . 3. Circulars of governmental departments may not be referred to without the special per- mission of the department concerned. 4. Information relating to the empire's de- fensive position, mobilization or dislocation of the army or navy, credits for War purposes, construction of strategic roads or warships. 5. News or articles concerning the mainten- ance of the Chinese Eastern Rallway and its guard ere forbidden, 6. News about the commandering of agents of the Finance Ministry into Persia and the re- sults of their work is forbidden. 7. News about or articles on school disorders or ‘the last university regulations are forbid- den; likewise, petitions of the students, black- notices, etc.; furthermore, no information can be printed about the internal life of any schools without the consent of the proper au- thoritfes. 8. Articles on or news about political arrests or crimes or criminals, except what are printed in the Officlal Messenger or other official or- gans about executions and those who perform them are prohibited. 9. Factory disorders and other public dis- orders cannot be mentioned without the con- sent of the higher police, 10 FPestilence in Russia apd neighboring countries cannot be mentioned t] it the de- cision of the medical department of the Minis- ry of the Interior. 11. No allueions may be made to the person- nel-or the work of the secret police. 12. No calls for money contributions can be ssued without special permission. g 13 Suicides cannot be mentioned without ves, - the written consent of the nearest rel Ment 14 tion of contemporaneo: against religious dissenters og.of the Holy Eynod’s action against Tolstol i . 5. “Curb” quotations are forbi 16, Articles of a strictly nature not suited for the masses & bad results might ensue. A later circular <ompels newspapers which seek to abbreviate court news to submit such abbreviations to the Minis- ters of the court, without whose imprim- &ture no court news can be printed. —_— Botha and Delarey Abandon the Tour LONDON, Ogt. 26.—In a dispatch from Brussels, the correspondent of the Stand- ard says it is declared positively there that General Botha and Delarey have abandoned their proposed tour of the United States and will return shortly to South Africa. BT RS Texas Telegraphers Organize. GALVESTON, ' Texas, Oct. 26.—A di- vision of the Intermational Union of Com- merclal Telegraphers was organied here to-day. A number of prominent teleg- raphers of this and other Texas cities were present. A large membership was enrclled and permanent officers elected. R NS T Siberian Wheat Crop Light. ST. PETERSBURG, Oct. 26.—Reports received from Siberia say that the wheat harvest there is very poor. e T Livingston Jenks for Superior Judge is the right man'in the right place. Remem- ber the name. » . forbidden when EOWARD OFFERS P HS THINKS LONDON, Oct. 26.—The last ceremonies connected with the inauguration of the reign of King Edward VII occurred to- day, when the King, accompanied by Queen, Alexandra, the Prince of Wales and almost all of the members of the royal family, drove to St. Paul's Cathe- dral and offered thanks for the recovery of his health, which had enabled him to be crowned. The weather was rainy and small crowds marked the royal progress through the metropolis. At Temple Bar the Lord Mayor of London and the Cor- poration met the King and escorted him to the cathedral. In the nave of St. Paul's were gathered several thousand persons, including Premier Balfour, leads, ing members of the mnobility, almost all of the members of the Cabinet and the foreign Embassadors to Great Britain, among whm; was Mr. Choate. The Hn_n-A { orable Artillery, Company formed an im-- posing line. The members wore their busbles and carried fixed bayonets. Be- fore the service was ended several of the artillerymen had fainted as a result of long standing. The choir, the chapter and the Bishop of London, the Right Rev. Arthur In- gram, escorted the King and Queen to the throne under the reredos. There was a full choral service of thanksgiving, fol- lowed by a sermon from the Bishop of London, who laid special stress upon the fact that this was the second time in the King's life that he had entered St. Paul's to give thanks for his recovery from a dangerous illness. At the conclusion of the sermon the “Te Deum" was sung. The royal party then returned to Buck- ingham Palace and was well greeted on the way. In spite of the rain King Ed- ward requested that the carriages be kept open and Queen Alexandra bowed. ‘The scene in St. Paul's was a brilliant one. All of the officlals present wore their uniforms, and their decorations cre- ated a blaze of color seldom seen in the cathedral. King Edward was dressed in the uniform of a fleld marshal and wore the decoration of the Order of the Garter. Lost in the Sierra Madre. HUNTINGTON, W. Va., Oct. 26.—United States Consul Alonzo Garrett at Lando, Mexico, returned to the consulate last night,. according to a telegram received here to-day, after wandering with a par- ty of friends in the Sierra Madre Moun- tains for twenty days, the greater part of the time without food. The party was on a hunting trip and became water- bound. PR S New Under Secretary for Ireland. LONDON, Oct. 27.—In its issue this morning the Daily News says it hears that the Chief Secretary for Ireland, ‘Wyndham, ha$ appointed Sir Anthony Patrick MacDonneil to the post of Per- manent Under Secretary for Ireland. in succession to Sir David Harrell, who re- tires on account of having reached the age limit. The paper congratulates M. ‘Wyndham on this promising appointment. holding that Anthony’s broad views and his liberal dealings with the land question in India during his administra- tion are good augury for Ireland. Women Narrowly Escape Fire. MARYSVILLE; Oct. 26.—At 4 o’clock this morning a cottage occupied by Mrs. Green and Miss Managh, confectioners of this city, was discovered ablaze, and ‘burned so quickly that the occupants es- ‘caped with only the parts of one dress between them. NERDNALTS WANT T, LOU PAE PARIS, Oct. %.—A number of French adronauts held a meeting here to-day to devise a united plan under which to com pete for the St. Louis Exposition aero- nauts’ prize of $100,000. Emile Marceau, the inventor of the flying machine Le Papillon, was the principal promoter of the meeting. M. Deutsch, M. Santos-Du- mont and other leading aeronauts wers measuring thirty feet across. He urged that as France was ahead in aeromautics there should be a united eoffort here to ‘win the St. Louis prize. He proposed the ralsing of a fund with which to build French airships, and sald that in case the prize were won half of it 3 vided among those ment. Final m:.':.nn ceau’s 1 3 »