The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, September 14, 1902, Page 15

e —— 18 DAY O min green shows e silvery grasses L g w In the second it is st r rowr ted with hillocks of g ous machine is nd mold piled into great toward moved each scent and hay fields perhaps. this w of the arf e seemingly pr of cach Associati hay available ty market year A & s « the wning r € Sacramento River and & Marys Ti e of alfalf ento is sent down In barges towed T While it would seem an observer in & morning stroll arourd enough hay was there eamsters and dairymen a matter of fact the 70 per eent of the this port. Bometimes hours will find at the e foot of Bixth r loads consi be «old. to te » reet as gned to Each car tons of iny Assoclation ve firms, wholesale as its members objects, is to fix g dealers for ex- es at which to bi dealer who bid jon can cheap busin n the hay s e v f this associati igh a boating from forty to ng the largest e Jamic Junior X Monarch s unloaded from the from the cars of the dealers have end e 3 right at the water's edge. f is a pair of scales. The & to the bale and the hor e end of the rope Starts up for a few ste The bale rises in the air scales. Once weigh- rd with a hand truek ight into the barn ng the rest, some- ted again by horse- can be trucked into in an hour and the the work gets 1 cent a bale. t it in piling inside ard job of it, for he able 1o handle heavy A to two-thirds of the ha: BET Bar rancisco comes on con- signment to the large dealers. The rest irchased by the dealer or the tarmer. Now is lers’ agents are out country buying up stocks of hay. of the dealers keep & stock en hand try of from 5000 to 10,000 tons, to be called for as needed in the market here. The largest dealers sell at whole- sale and retail both, in many cases. Every morning at §:3) the hay whart presents an animated appearance. Num- bers of the hay men drive up, and often & few farmers appear who have taken the shipping of hay as an opportunity for & run to the city. It is the hour for the euctioning off of the bay to the dealers. t from e de: This is done In order to fix a price, but the man holding the bay has the option of withdra g it from sale if the price offered is- not what it is worth. The auctioneer, who is employed by the H Assoclation, takes his stand on the bul- wark of bales, and then begins a lively, quick bidding. Perhaps the hay reaches ter dollars per ton. He calls out once— twice—third and last call—ten dollars! He knows what the hay is worth, and if he is offered that he will sell, otherwise there is no sale and the hay 8 offered at a price fixed by the owner. It its valde offered it is knocked down at auction and that is the price the farmer gets. In many c s it 18 not a large profit, as the farm- ers’ expenses are heavy before getting tne hay to market. That things may be “on the square,” the auctionecer keeps a pub- lic record of sales, which record is open for the perusal of any farmer. The auc- tioneer is also the public weigher, who weighs the hay as it comes from the whart. He is supposed to be absolutely jmpartial in his weigk which are the basie on which the hay farmer, and also on which it s sold. dealers often take two tags showing the weight and attach one to the statement or biil sent to the farmer and the other to the bl sent to the consumer. This makes things easier to keep track of. Wken all the hay from the boats has been g0ld the atctioneer, followed by a proces- sion of hay men, starts for the hay mar- ket of standing cars at the foot of Sixth gireet, where the carloads of hay are dis- posed of in the same way. The wh Luiug 18 usuauy over by i0-o'cioek, and the large trucks, of which many of the firms run elght or ten each, come to un- load and c.ear up the hay. On the whole ihe auction may be re- garded as a lively function, for there is not a jollier set of men than the hay deal- ers of San Francisco. They are very mush like a lot of children out for a frolic. If a small mouse happens to crawl out of a bale of hay to see what is going on, which not infrequently happens, some se- date member of the Hay Assoclation often finds it secretly transférred to his pocket. All manner of practical jokes find vogue among them, even to placarding each other with hayseed notices on the back of the coat. Now is the time that some of them go personally into the country to buy hay with which to stock their ware- houses. The happy family of hay men have a picnic and banquet every year at which the utmost sociability and good cheer prevail. Hay has been sold as high as $28 per ton at these morning auctions and as fow as §7. J now_the best hay can be had for $12 a ton. Wheat and oats are - the staples generally sown for hay in the country districts. The wild oat is a per- sistent volunteer crop in California. It sometimes crowds out the seed first sown, and the farmer gets a crop of wild oats for his grain. California hay is handled locally in a aifferent form and manner than in any N THE | THE NDAY CALL. 13 other part of the world probably. comes in in large, loosely put together bales, rather awkward to handle. The reason for this is the cheap freight rates It and the fact that the M{ of this section keeps better if somewhat loosely packed or baled. The freight rates vary from 76 cents to $250 a ton. A good many car- loads of hay are shipped to New York to be used as feed for racehorses. Horsemen there prefer for horse feed California hay, which they regard as greatly superior to — W. C. Whitney ore or his horses. e that at the Parls gold medal was awarded to a San Francisco for the best exhibit of hay. The > between four and five hundred labori en in the city who find employment ¢ e wharves and laces in unl transporting, stor crop of hay. They from $2 50 to $3 50 per diem. Sometimes on the wharves come groups of hard-workin women laden with bundles of sacks an sometimes a broom. They go to work and in a short time they have swept up the from the wharf, and perhaps vessel lying Then one holds the sack open er packs the hay in it as close- ly as possible. Soon they have a stack of weil filied sac lying on the wharf. They disappear and soon return ready for mors busin side of the wharf of ware- have left a horse and -ks are quickly trans- d they go away happy. the horse and wagon carry the sacks lay men are glad ay, which still gry stock, g narves Kept Se Women appear on reg- are expected. from San Fran- O ery g for the sake of ha clear of it. Th Mu, cisco to He | America and Mexico Spanish-American war a good sized 2 went to Manila. Hay is e, but im much smaller qua hay prepared ror shipment to ulu is put up in very emall bales vice the size of a coal ofl sort as is sold to the Goverr gular compressed bale, p count is also shipped mpres bale .8 compre San Francis plants for pre to be wire ap to ship b i This nst in the pro- ng hay He 18 er wh akes the m has to beware of He e om the s tour- ngs. But when in the midst he whart, he he auction hay whart g place where a neces- s profitably hers for rere 18 no m to securs rcisco’s suc- cessful hay- bhotogvaphic Bointers For Amateurs. HERE are few pitfalls into which an amateur is more likely to fall than that of making a duplicate exposure, with the result that one plate contains two exposures and another plate, which should have had one of these, is left blank. This is extremely annoying, for two plates are necessarily wasted and what might have been two excellent negatives if they had not been crowded upon the same plats, lost entirely. There s a very simple method which will obviate all possibility of such dup- licate exposures. It is thoroughly prac- tical and one that should be adopted by all users of plate holders, no matter how experfenced they may be. This method consists in pasting a small plece of gummed paper over the end of the slide 80 that it cannot be withdrawn from holder without breaking the paper. In this way it will be evident at once whether or not a glven plate has been ex- posed. If the gummed strip has been broken, it may at once be assumed that the plate within has been exposed, and if the strip remalns unbroken, that the plate is unexposed. A great deal of annoyance is frequently caused in the printing of platinum paper the by the appearance of smali red spots whicll refuse to tone out. These are al- most always due to the fact that the fingers have been in coutact with the pa- per during some part of its manipulation, and under ordinary treatment the Spots remain, frequently spoiling the print en- tirely. If, however, as soon as these spots make their appearance in the toning bath they are gentiy rubbed with a small crys- tal of citric acid, or touched with a wad of cotton dipped in a saturated solution of the same, the spots will disappear almost immediately and the toning will proceed evenly as soon as the print Is restored to the toning bath. A good deal of amusement may be af- forded by the use of so-called invisible photographs. These can-be proaucea very easily, and when properly made, the paper on which they are printed shows absolute- 1y no trace of the picture or other matter. Immediately upen being dampened, how- ever, the picture, which has already been impressed upon its surface; appears plain- 1y, only to fade away again when the pa- per becomes dry. y The method of brocedure s as follows: Float a plece, or pleces, of ledger or wri! ing paper in'a bath of water containing ten drops of hydrochlorie acld to the ounce and after thoroughly washing al- low to dry spontaneously. Next coat the surface of the paper with an emulsion made up of one ounce of gelatine to twen- ty-five of water, thoroughly combined by heating In a water bath. After this coate ing has become dry, float the paper coat- ed side down on & sensitizing bath of & 4 per cent solution of potassium bichro= mate and hang it up to dry .spontaneous- ly. After dry he paper must not be exposed to the | until ready for print. ing, when {t shouid be printed under a negative ,as any other paper until the view becomes plainly visible in a brown- ish color. The nt is next washed to remove all free bichromate and after- ward soaked in hot water to dissolve the gelatine, after which the image may re- main faint! ble or it may entirely disappear. 1 any traces of the pic- ture remaln, however, they may be re- moved by soaking it in a saturated solu. tion te of soda, made acid by a few drog Iphuric acid. The plcture may be restored at any time by dampen- ing the paper. Great care should be exercised with the lens to keep it from dust at all times n in service. an easy matter for t Wr t Gust to accumulate, particularly on the inner side or face of the lens, which, if not Yemoved, may readily ca serfous difficulty in working and give rise to troubles, the c: of which is often un- suspected. In photographing at the sea- shore on m days the samoe care should to Keep the face of the lens free from the presence of mist and minute globules of water. Either dus§ or mist on a lens will tend to fog a plate, as the lght is unevenly diffused from the exposed surfa, dust particle or globule, and the matter is looked after frequent uring a season's worlk trouble is apt to ensue. — e Water for Jerusalem. It seems somewhat incongruous to speak of Jerusalem as a progressive city, yes there seems reason to belleve thas it will in ano ten years be a far mors attractive place 50 far as creature com- forts are ¢ ed than it ever has been in modern times at any rate. Durin 1900-1 there was so great a scarcity o raln that the city was threatened with a the necessary sufply was only gained at d cost, but this stirred the municipality Into forwarding a peti- tion to the porte praying that a portion of eertaim revenues accruing from relige {ods endowments might be .’g;ned to proe vide the ecity with water. The result of this. was that the old stone aqueduct known as Solomon’'s agqueduct was made use of for & part of the way, while for the rest @ service of pipes was provided. It 18 noteworthy that, albelt no adver- tisement was issued, a German firm had obtained the order and ugnad the con- tract for pipes made in Belgium at W cents the meter befors a British offered them at & cents. y or foggy