The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, June 4, 1901, Page 6

6 ..JUNE g4, 1901 TUESDAY.. " JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. Address All Communications to W. 8. LEAKE, Manager. MANAGER’S OFFICE.......Telephone Press 204 o iiddsbiiive L avevSdseet iy FUBLACATION OFFICE. ..Market and Third, §..F. Telephone Press 201. EDITORIAL ROOMS.....217 to 221 Stevenson St. Telephone Press 202. Delivered by Carriers, 15 Cents Per Week. Single Copies, 5 Cents. Terms by Mail, Ingluding Postage: DAILY CALL (including Suncay), one year. .00 DAILY CALL (including Supday), 6 month: .00 DAILY CALL (including Sunday 3 months. .50 DAILY CALL—By Single Month - ';: WEEKLY CALL, One Year......c..i.- All postmasters are authorized to receive subscriptions. Sample coples Will be forwarded when requested. Maifl subscribers in ordering change of address should be | particuler to give both NEW AND OLD ADDRESS in order to insure & prompt and correct compliance with their request. OAKLAND OFFICE.. +...1118 Broadway C. GEORGE KROGNESS. Mazager Foreign Advertising, Marguette Building, Chisago. (Long Distance Telephone *'Central 2613.”) | | | NEW YORK CORRESPONDEN' C. C. CARLTON........ ++s+s.Herald Square REPRESENTATIVE: NEW YORK STEPHEN B. SMITH 30 Tribune n-ndugi EWS STANDS: % NEW YOR Waldorf-Astoria Hotel; A. Brentano, 31 Unlon Square; Murray Hill Hotel CHICAGO NEWS STANDS: Eherman House; P. O. News Co.; Great Northern Hotel; | Fremont House; Auditorium Hotel. WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE...1408 G St., N. W. | MORTON E. CRANE. Correspondent. ' BRANCH OFFICES—527 Montgomery, corner of Clay, open until 8:30 o'clock. 300 Hayes, open untfl $:30 o'clock. 633 McAllister. open until o'clock. 615 Larkin, open until #:30 o'clock. 1941 Miseion, open until 10 o'clock. 2261 Market, | corner Sixteenth, open until 9 o'clock. 103 Valencia, open until 9 o'clock. 106 Eleventh, open until 9 c’clock. NW. corner Twenty-second and Kentucky, open until 9 o'clock. Filimore. open untfl 3 p. m. AMUSEMENTS. Columbla—'"The Importance of Being Earnest.’ Alcezar—*For Bonnie Prince Charlie.” Grand Opera-house—*‘La Tosca.” California—"'A Colonial Girl.” Olympia, corner Mason and Eddy streets—Specialties. Central—"'0ld_Glory."” he Toy Maker.” vaudeville. 5 and Theater—Vaudeville every afterncon and r's—Vaudeville. aths—Swimming. By S. Watkins—Tuesday, June 4, at 11 o'clock, Horses and Wagons, at 140 Folsom street. By John J. Doyle—Wednesday, Horses, Sixth street By A. M. Scott & Co.—Thursday, thirty head of Horses, at 35 Dore street. By Wm. G. Layng—Friday, June 7, at 11 o'clock, Trotting Horses, at 721 Howard street. = 10 SUBSCRIBERS LEAYING TOWN FOR THE SUMMER. Cal! subscribers comtemplating a c residence during the summer months can have their paper forwarded by mail to their new sddresses by motifying The Call Busimess Ofiice. This paper will also be on sale at all summer Fecorts aud is represented by a local agemt im &l towss en the coast. F out of the British census it appears the country has made a better showing in the way of an in- crease of population than was feared by some de- spondent philosophers who have believed that the vigor of the race is declining. When the census was taken ten years ago the popu- found to be 29,002,525 for England and 647 for Scotland, 4,704,750 for Ireland, the lesser islands and 224,211 for army, | and merchant seamen abroad, making a total of For this year the figures for the islands, ny and navy and seamen have not yet been given out, but the other figures show for England and 25,716; for Scotland 4,471,- 57, and for Ireland 4,456,546, a total of 41,454,219 That in itseli shows 2 handsome increase over the nsus of ten years ago, and of course it will be con- siderably augmented when the population of the isl- ands and the a and navy zbroad are added to it. The two features of the census which have attracted most attention are the rapid increase of urban as com- pared with rural population and the®fact that Scot- land has for the first time surpassed Ireland in the number of her people. The diminution of the Irish population is, in fact, going on at a startling rate, and is a proof of the utter failure of the British Govern- | ment to provide for the prosperity of that part of the United Kingdom, while the increase in Scotland- at- tests its success there. Thus it has been pointed out that in 1841, when Ireland had a population of 8,175,- 124, the population of Scotland was but 2,620,000. During the intervening sixty years the population of Scotland has increased 70.6 per cent, while that of Ire- land has decreased 46.7 per cent. Scotland contains less than 30,000 square miles, of which more than one- seventh is in detached islands. A large proportion of the mainland is mountainous and unfit for’ cultiva- tion. The fertile soil is no richer, if it is as rich, as that of Ireland. Yet Scotland grows in population steadily, notwithstanding a large emigration to Eng- land and all parts of the world. Of the comparative urban and rural populations the census shows a small increase in the rural population m Scotland but a decrease of such population in Eng- land, Wales and Ireland. On the other hand, the June 5 at 11 o'clock, at June 6, at 11 o'clock! THE BRITISH CENSUS. ROM the first recapitulation that has been given lation wz Wales a population of 32,5 towns and cities havc increased. London now has | 4,536,034, 2 gain of 307,717 since 1801. In England and Wales there are now thirty places having 100,000 ‘nhabitants or more, as compared with twenty-four in 1891. These thirty cities combined now have some- what over 11,000,000 irhabitants, an increase of consid- srably more than a million in the past’ ten years. Over one-third, therefore, of the total population of England and Wales now reside in cities having more than 100,000 inhabitants. The shifting from rural to city life is going on in svery part of the civilized world and is as notable here us in Great Britain. Some authorities have seen in ‘e change 2 menace to civilization because in their | udgment the cities can never produce as vigorous men and women as the country. It is doubtful, how- r. whether that assumption is justifiable. The city >f to-day is a much more sanitary place than the city of yesterday. It has more playgrounds for youth and nore parks for the recreation of adults, and conse- juently it is not safe to draw from the experience of he past conclusions concerning the future of urban sopulations. | Iative. | these islands, if they are to continue in our pos- | much cheaper than here, so much cheaperthat the wage | THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TUESDAY THE EXECUTIVE POWER. HE Cabinet is considering the expediency of an T extra session of Congress to empower the Presi- | dent to fix a tariff on traffic with the Philip- pines, If the Attorney General fail to find .such authority in the recent decision of the Supreme Court and the Spooner amendment to the army bill it will be sought from Congress. As the country approaches the maze of issues raised by these island annexations it becomes plainer that their administration will re- quire considerable changes in our governmental meth- ods. The administration of government at such a distance will present emergencies that cannot be dealt with by Congress, either in regular or special session. The court in its majority opinion has gone to the methods pursued by other nations under like circum- stances. Those niethods are executive, and not legis- It may be expected, therefore, that the power of the President will be greatly enlarged in respect to session and the needs of their government are to be promptly met. The San Francisco Chronicle, in dealing with this subject editorially, rebukes any proposition to im- pose a tariff between the islands and the United States. As the court has decided in favor of the power to make such imposition, it becomes a ques- tion of expediency solely. For its existence the, papers which originally advocated annexation are fe- sponsible. The Chronicle sees but one side of it and declares that “any proposal to convene Congress to put commercial shackles on the -Filipinos will come to naught. As President McKinley will not be a can- didate for re-election it is~suggested that he may pull the trust chestnuts out of the fire by imposing an ex- port duty upon the Filipinos.” The Chronicle then argues that such duty would work the commercial ruin of the islands. But both Congress and the President have some-_ thing to think about besides the industrial interests | of the islands. The welfare of se.y:nty-six millions of people in the United States must not be forgotten. The bonanza view of the Philippines has always been that productive capacity that is immeasurable, and per- mits no comparison with a like area elsewhere in the world. One acre of land there being equal in pro- duction to.a hundred acres here. similarly employed, to bring it intd action and admit its product into our market free means the obsoletion of a hundred times | as much land at home. This would be the case if industrial conditions and wages were equal. - But they are unequal. Not only does the soil excel in rich- ness, but the labor that seeds and harvests there is that hires one man here will pay ten men there. Under | such circumstances free trade with the islan,ds will 2dmit a competition against which the American pro- ducer cannot sustain himself. As the first function of | American statesmanship is securing the welfare of our own people, it seems evident that a tariff against the land and labor of the Philippines will not become un- popular until the Republican protection policy loses | its hold upon the people. . | The Chronicle assumes that an island tariff is de- manded by the trusts. That chargé has been made be- fore, but we recall no instance in which proof of its | truth has been submitted! It was charged that the | sugar and tobacco trusts first bought all of those two crops on hand in Porto Rico and then demanded that a tariff be put upon its importation into this coun- try. As such tariff added to its cost, we have been- unable to see why its owners should have been anxious to increase their own expenses. We are un- able te~see how the trusts will be profited by a Philip- pine tarif. We do not dogmatically deny that they | will be, but we ask for proof before admitting it. Un. til this is forthcoming we shall regard the trust argu- ment in the premises as an attempt to bring preju- dice into the discussion and decision of a question | which requires the highest use of reason and judg- ment. We submit as a more reasonable proposition that the demand for free trade with the islands is made | by those promoters who propose selfishly to exploit | them and *eir people for private gain. It is not un- reasonable that this class desires to add to the profits of cheap labor used on_highly productive land that offers admission to our extensive market. s . The British House of Lords is reported to have authorized an overhead electric railway to run be- tween Manchester and Liverpool at a rate of 110 miles an hour. The line is to be thirty-three miles long : | {and will make the two cities virtually one so far as facilities for going back and forth are concerned. ! DEVELOPMENT OF THE WEST. | e LOTRS [ R. JAMES J. HILL of the Great Northern \ M has recently made an explanation of the pur- | poses of himself and his colleagues in enter- ing upon the struggle for the Northern Pacific that | resuited in such a tremendous excitement in Wall street. He declared emphatically: “It is not a fight between one section or city or road and another. It | is 2 big question of traffic development; it is a ques- | tion of the commercial and industrial development of the country at large. Our competitor is not in New York nor in San Francisco; she is on the high seas. Our problem is tg get hold of the commerce of the Pacific and bring it across the Pacific and across the United States instead of allowing it to be diverted around the globe via the Suez canal or Cape Horn.” By way of making his view of the situation more | clearly understood he went on to say our population is doubling every thirty years; that from the landing | of the Mayflower down to the close of the Civil War i we had grown to 35,000,000, and sipce thet time have | increased by 41,000,000, and that it is probable within | thirty years more we shall have in the neighborhood i of 150,000,000. Of that vast number of people he esti- mates that not more than 50,000,000 can find support from manufacturing or commerce, because machinery has so increased power in such industries that there is not room for the employment of more than one- | third of the population. Thus the remaining 100,000,-, | 000 people must find support from the soil in one way | or another. | Having laid down those propositions and supported | them by an elaborate array of statistics, Mr. Hill went ' on to say of the increasing number of cultivators of the soil: “Where will they'go? Not to New England, | with its rocky and unproductive hills. New England, to use a term in physics, is filled to the saturation point. Nor will the South take much of the increase, | with the exception of the Latin influx from Southern | Europe. No: the great increase will be in the valleys of the Ohio, Mississippi, Missouri and westward, the fertile prairies of the great Central West and pe- yond, wherever irrigation is possible. Now, then, what will these 100,000,000 on the land of the West produce? Food, will they not? They will produce the three great staples of traffic, food, fuel and shelter, but food in the main.” From the employment of so large a number of peo- ple in the production of foodstuffs from a fertile soil under a temperate sky there will result an enormous | | ! 1 ! their surpassing richness of resources gives them a | | will not be lost. ¥t will be poor business for production, much more than is needed for American use, and consequently an enormous market will have to be found for the surplus. That market Mr. Hill says will be found in Asia, for the Asiatics will soon do most of the comparatively small amount of manu- facturing they require, and will never be rich enough to demand much in the way of luxuries. Their great demand will be for food, and as.a consequence there will be an immense traffic betieen the Great West and the Orient.. The only question in the problem, he added, is whether that traffic shall first be carried to the Eastern parts of the United States and thence shipped to the Orient by way of-the Suez canal or by way of Cape Horn, or whether it shall be taken direct to Pacific Coast ports and shipped thence to Asia. As to the part which he and other railway magnates are playing in the evolution of commerce® Mr. Hill said: “After all is said we railway managers are | largely automatons in the shuttle. We must move ! as nature and commerce dictate. We succeed, only as we obey the.great natural laws and the public in- terests. As between roads and magnates it is a case of survival of the fittest. Who is the fittest—which road, what route? That which geography, gravitation, climate, production, population, commerce and progress select, control and support. The others must pass from view.” While there may be differences of opinion concern- ing some of the statements of Mr. Hill, it will hardly be denied that in the main his forecast is as accurate as can be drawn from present conditions. It is cer- tainly a wonderful prediction that the West will fill up within thirty years, and yet it may not be far wrong. All the signs of the time point to the con- clusion that this century is to be marked by extraor- dinaty developments all round the Pacific Ocean, and in the course of them the Pacific Ocean States of the Union must™receive an enormous stimulus in every department of. industry and commerce. CRUDE OIL AS FUEL. WING to the enormously increased output of oil due to the developments of the oil regions world are giving more attention than ever to the eco- nomic advantages which may be expected to result from the use of oil as fuel. An English engineer is” eries in this country are more menacing to British commerce and industry than any other single factor of the time. Something of the same feeling with re- o O in California and Texas the engineers of the reported to have stated recently that the oil discov- gard to the subject is felt in the East, and among the | Atlantic seaboard States there is growing up a belief that Texas oil can be shipped to their ports at so little cost that they will have fuel cheap enough to enable them to compete with the coal districts and thus check the shifting of manufacturing from ‘the Eastern States to the South and the Mississipgi Valley. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers is reported to have conducted boiler tests as to the fuel qualities of crude oil, coal and various woods, with the following results: Hickory—Oné cord, welght 4500 pounds, equals one ton (2000 pounds) coal; 1000 pounds oll, 143 gallons, or 3.42 barrels. % ‘Whiteoak—One cord, weight 380 pounds, equals 1711 pounds of coal; 850 pounds of crude oil, 122 gallons, or 2.9 barrels. Red oak, black oak, beech—One cord, weight 3250 pounds, equais i4{5 pounds coal; 90 pounds oil, 103 gal- lons, or 2.43 barrels. Pine (average fue)—One cord, weight 2000 pounds, equals 8%0 pounds coal; 445 pounds crude oil, 63.5 gallons, or 1.512 barrels. The experiments are said to have been made.\ith good qualities of coal and wood, and with a fuel oil | apparatus which enabled the evaporation of 100" pounds of water to the gallon of oil. From these tests it seems safe to assume that oil is to work a great change in the world of industry. It remains to be seen whether the people of California and of Texas will ship their crude oil away to be used for fuel in | Eastern factories or whether factories will be erected in the locality of the oil wells. There is a bright pros- pect now for the upbuilding of Western manufactur- ing industties. and it is to be hoped the opportunity al fornians and Texans to ship away not only their raw material but the fuel to work it up and then buy back the finished goods. e mc— VARIANT BRITISH VIEWS. ORD SALISBURY, in the course of a much Lquoted speech a few weeks ago, congratulated the people of Great Britain that the expenditures of the empire in treasure and in blood during the war n South Africa have not been wholly in vain. Look- ing at what he called “the wider aspect of the war,” he said: “It has had its lessons for ourselves and for others. It has proved to the nations that we are still capable of an effort that would ere this have exhausted the military strength of any other people in the world.” After elaborating that point, he added: “The cause of peace is now more secure than it was before the strength of England was conclusively shown.” It would be difficult for any one but a British optim- ist to take that view of the war, for it appears to out- siders to have demonstrated the military weakness rather than the strength of the empire. Fndeed, some have been amazed that it has taken such a vast expen- diture of wealth and of life on the part of the British to achieve so little. The army has apparently been | utterly inadequate to its work, and even yet is hardly in shape to deal effectively with the comparatively small forces of the Boers. There are some among the British themselves who do not perceive the&qod results that Salisbury sees. Thus Angus Hamilton, in the Pall Mall Gazette, says: ‘qf theflwar in China has done anything it has estab- lished pre-eminently that we are not the superior people which we claim to be, and that more often than otherwise our outlook is insular, our point of view biased by selfish motivés or petty prejudices, and our whole tone and bearing distinguished by the most amazing errors in good taste. Our manners are appalling, our ignorance is colossal; while we defend every lapse in courtesy with the stereotyped expres- sion that it is not for us to imitate foreigners.” Mr. Hamilton advises his fellow-countrymen to study the art of war and of diplomacy, to learn some- thing from other people and.reform themselves gen- erally. Perhaps if they would follow that counsel they would have better reason for taking the sanguine view that Salisbury-encourages. A reformed British.public might really do something to secure the cause of peace. As Eastern people are complaining that the season is too warm to go to the theater and too cold to take evening trolley rides, it would seenf to be the right season for them to start to California for an outing, where the weather is always just right for whatever you wish to do. i £ } JUNE 4, 1901: PAPERS ON CURRENT ' TOPICS/ PREPARED BY EXPERTS AND SPECIALISTS FOR THE SaN Francisco CALL Remarkable Success of the British Em- pire in Extending Its Colonial System Through Chartered Companies. Ey Alfred Stead. FELLOW OF THE ROYAL COLONIAL INSTITUTE. (COPYRIGHT, 1901) XVI.—BRITISH This series of sketches of colonial gov- ernments would be incomplete if it did not include at least one case of land acquired and developed by a chartered company. This system of subletting portions of the British empire to private companies dur- ing the time of clearing and initial devel- opment has been so successful that it at least merits consideration. Though there is little doubt that the companies must al- ways give way to crown government after a time, they are always anxlous to de- velop new country. In return for the privileges ot\the trading rights in a coun- try the company is prepared to govern the territory and develop it, knowing that after the’ work of pioneering is completed the Government will step in and take over the dutles of ruling, leaving the company free to reap the full advantage of the trade in the settled and organized country. I is certaln that under the company the country is developed much more rapidly Group of Native NORTH BORNEO. for the rapid opening up and development of the company’s. territory. The government of the colony is admin- istered by a governor appointed by the company, with the approval of the Te- tary of State. He is the chief judicial of- ficer of the Supreme Court and ‘High Court of Appeal. The Governor is as- sisted by a Colonial Secretary, two Resi- dents of Districts and several Assi t Residents. “There are also officers for the Treasury, Public Works, Harbor, Medical and Constabulary departments. A Legis- lative Council, including the higher offi- cers of the Government, and leading na- tive chiefs, is nominated. The Indian penal code is adopted almost entirely, though there are some proclamations based upon acts current in Fiji. The Brit- ish North Borneo Company is bound to respect the rights and customs of the natives, one of which is slavery. Steps are, however, being taken to put an end to this latter practice. The police force of 300 men maintains order, the members of the force being ‘Weavers, Borneo. and much more inexpensively than under direct state control. In this connection it is of iInterest to contrast the expenses of government in 1887 of Fiji under crown government and British North Borneo under a_chartered company. Fiji, with an area of 7400 square miles and a population of over 128,000, ex- pended £73,000, and this in a year of rigid economy; while in North Borneo, with an area of 31,000 square miles and a popula- tion of over 150,000, the company expended £29,000 only. This difference in expense |is largely to be traced to the fact that crown government generally requires es- tablishments large in comparison with the resources of the colony, while the char- tered company enlarges its establishments as the resources are developed. The crown government starts completely equipped to deal with the colony, say fifty years hence, and is consequently uselessly ex- pensive until that period is reached; the company, on the other hand, starts with a small establishment and only enlarges it as the revenue permits. Dealing With the Sultan of Sulu. The early days of British North Borneo were cheifly filled with the obtaining of concessions from the native Sultans and in establishing trading statio in the country ceded by the Sultan Brunel and the Sultan 6f Sulu. In 1881 the British Nerth Borneo Provisional Association ‘was formed, taking over the cessions com- plete. The royal charter was obtained in 1381, and in 1882 the British North Borneo Company was formed. For the tarritory originally ceded the company pays anny- ally a rent, besides which it has since ac- quired many additional pieces of terri- tory, either by direct sale or by renting. Both the Spanish and the Dutch Govern- ments objected to the granting of the charter and the acquisition of land by a British company. niards, how- ever, in 1885, together with Great Britain and Germany, signed a protocol, in which ‘‘the Spanish Government renounces, as far as regards the British Government, all claims of sovereignty over the territo- ries of the continent of Borneo, whicn be- Icng, or which have belonged in the past, to ‘the Sultan of Sulu.” At the time of discussion in Parliament upon the granting of the charter Lord Granville, then- Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, made several remarkable diglcmatic statements with regard to the cothpany. He wrote to the British Min- ister in Madrid: As regards the general features of the un- dertaking it is to_be observed that the terri- torfes granted to the company have heen for generations under the government of the Sul- tans of Sulu and Brunei, with whom Great Britain has bad treatles of peace and com- merce; and far fiom any disorders arising out of the occupation of those territeries by British subjects, under the concessions of the Sultans, the advent of the company has been welcomed everywhere by the inhabitants. The experience of three years shows that the peaceful and In- telligent development of the great natural re- sources of the country is steadily Increasing, and there is every reason to believe that a sound and liberal system of administration will be established by the company, which will Epread the benefits of civilization\ among the native population and open up new and impor- tant flelds to British trade and enterprise and to the commerce of all nations. Granville on Chartered Companies. Again in Parliament, when defending the action of the Government, Lord Gran- ville made the following statements: There seemed to be three courses open td us either ourselves to annex this vast territory; to leave it to Mr. Dent and the important com- pany which he represented, to make the best of the concessions granted ' to them—in other words, we might have left matters to take their own course—or to leave the whole coun- try tb its almost inevitable absorption by for- eign nations. There were grave objections to the first and third courses that did not appear to_apply to the second. % Borneo is a most valuable and important part 6f the world, and If the resources of the coun- try are developed under the honest and intelli- gent supervision of a certain number of Eu- ropeans I believe that great results may be achieved. while no additional burden, elther military ‘or financlal, will be thrown upon this country. Mr. Gladstone, on the same subject, said: The Government had no power to say to the company, “You shall not occupy the position in which you are placed by your purchase.’” The, Government had tg-decide whether it.was that the com should exist exercis- ing its powers irresponstble to this country, u restrained and uncontrolled, or should have im- ieq upon it certain. obligations which will I every Tnstance act in restraint of that power. Finally the charter was grantgd, and sirce then the developmehit of the country has becn so marvelously successful as never to cause the ernment. o the granting of the charter. The B: vernment, in the charter, reserves the ‘ullest control) over the proceedings of and thu called upon to exercise a ing in- fiuence aggressive action from ‘without. How North Borneo Is Governed. The area under tha”-;wfinmt of the Texas is bragging.that she produces more oil than California, but we notice she doesn't have anything to say about prunes. A 3 ut 30,000 square miles, ang includes overhgn ‘miles of coast, in which are to be found many fine . North B has (e aam the native ‘small, is tish - largely Sikhs and Malays. Thd native chiefs are expected to maintain order in their own districts, and so excellently do they do this that very few natives ever have to appear before European magis- trates. Sources of the Revenue. The revenue is principally drawn from licenses for purchasing and retailing opium and other excisable articles, the rights of sale of which are farmed out to private individuals. There is also a_poll tax among the natives and a stamp Guty: Another large item is the money derived from land sales. The revenue has growm considerably since 1583, when the company first took up its duties. In 1883 the revenue was about £12,900, as compared with an expenditure of £65,500. In 1888 the revenue had increased to £65,- 800 and the expenditures had decreased to £42,000 In 1899 the figures were £107,764 and £84,012, respectively. Thus the propor- tion of revenue to eXpenditures shows constant improvement. There are many fine forests and timber is one of the chief articles of export. Camphor, gutta-percha, beeswax and sago are among the natural products, while sugar, tobacco and hemp are largely and successfully cultivated. There is some gold found and also mercury and coal, but not in any surprising quantities. The excellent rivers afford cheap transport and the Chinese coolies supply cheap la- bor, so that. the work of development goes on economically yet’rapidly. In 1883 the valve of the imports was approximately £71,700 and that of the ex- ports £326,500; in 1388 the imports had risen to £210,400 and the exports to £87,600. In be born 105 Bee fof guon by 1 sh s B B e ter referred to as our Secretary of A 6. If at any time our Secretary of State thinks fit to dissent from or object to any of the dealings of the comrny ‘with any foreign power, and to make to the fon founded on jection, company shall act in accordance therswith. 10. If at any time our Secretary of State inks fit to disseént from or object to any part the proceedings or system of the company relative to the people of Borneo, or to any of the inhabitants thereof, in respect of slavery or religion or the administration of justice or other matter, and to make to the company any suggestion founded on that dissent or objection, the company shall act in accordance there- wit 13. " The appointment by the com of the company's principal representative in Borneo shall always be subject to the approval of our Secretary of State. PERSONAL MENTION Fred Dodd of Fresno is at the Lick. Dr. J. T. Jones of Grass Valley is at the Grand. Dr. J. M. Archer of Redding Is a guest at the Grand. W. L. Hancock of Napa is spending a ‘few days at She Palace. F. M. Helby, a dry goods merchant of Monterey, is at the Grand. Barney Cussic, an extensive real estate holder of Chico, 1s at the Grand. G. L. Kennedy, a well-known planter of Honoluly, is at the Occidental. 8. K. Dougherty, a prominent resident of Santa Rosa, is at the California. H. Galhoan, at 1599 the figures were £483.818 and £567,969, respectively. o People of the Island. The people of Borneo are sparsely scat- tered over the country and chiefly con- gregate on the coasts. Here they used largely to employ themselves with piracy, but now the custom has practically died out, owing to the repressive measures i rendered necessary in the egrly days. The ! Chinese form a large proportion of the | population, and many peaple think, also that several of the native ribes owe their origin to Chinese sources. The people are intelligent and susceptible to the advan- tages of good government, even though this entails the giving up of such amuse- ments as head hunting and piracy. In 1880 the British Government extended a_ protectorate over the territory of the North Borneo Company and thus insured the country to the empire, while at the same time leaving complete internal in- dependence. Such a protectorate safe- guards the colony internationally, while it leaves the enterprising private com- pany a free hand in developing the country. Article 2 of the terms of protectorate s: The State of NorthyBorneo shall continue to be governed and administered as an indepen- dent State by the company in conformity with the provisions _of said charter, under the protection of Great Britain: but such protection shall confer no rightion her Majesty's Govern- ment to interfere with the internal administra- tion of that State further than/ls provided therein or by the charter of the company. Powers of the Company. It is interesting to extract from the charter the general powers granted to the company by the Government. They are in part as follows: To acquire and take by purchase, cession or other lawful means, other interests or powers 1n, over or affecting the territories, lands op property comprised: in the several grants afore. said, or any interests or powers whatever ig over or affécting other territories, lands property in the region aforesald; and to hold. use, enjoy and exercise the same for the pur- poses and ow the terms of this our charter, To improve, develop, clear, plant and culti- yate any territories and lands omprised in the several grants aforesaid, or otherwise acquiseq ilseR ok clisth s To make and maintain therein roads, 5 bors, rail¥ays, telographe ani other i other works, and carry on therein mining Log other industites. C s o j To settle any such territorles and lands as aforesaid and to aid and promote immigra intothe —r i g ‘0 grant ,any lands therein for terms or i perpetuity absolutely or by way of age or otherwise. o e To make loans or contributions of ‘money’s worth for promoting any of of the company, 4 s © acquire and hold or charter or otherwise deal with steam vessels vensels To acquite and hold any peciar R objects of the company. Subject to the Bri 4 and 6, 10 and interest: G. B. Babcock, manager of the Coro- nado Hotel, San Diego, is at the Palace. ‘W. F. Purnell, a popular business man of Sacramento, is spending a few days at the Lick. . Charles D. Meyer, s prominent mer- chant of Los Angeles, registered at the California yesterday. W. J. McDonald, a mining man of Boca, is in the city on business and Is reg- istered at the Grand. E. W. Hale, the well-known merchant of Sacramento, is down here for a few days and is staying at the Palace with his wife. Fred Healy, a newspaper man of this city, has returned from a trip through the East. He will take charge of the Wave, one of the weeklies here. E. A. Beirs, the Pacific Coast repre- sentative of a promfnent New York firm, is at the Palace. He arrived here yester- day and is busy greeting his old friends. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas H. Williams Jr. will leave for New York next Sunday, June 9, and will sail on the Oceanic from New York for Europe on June 19. They will spend a month or more in Europe and will return to this country on the Phila- delphia, which will leave Southampton August 10. After visiting Saratoga and other places of interest in the East Mr. and Mrs. Willlams will return to San Francisco. The trip will be for pleasure mainly, but Mr. Willams will combine with it the settlement of some of his business interests in the East apd in Europe. They expect to be backn#l San Francisco about September 15. ——————— CALIFORNIANS IN NEW YORK. . NEW YORK, June 3.—The following Californians are in New York: From San Francisco—S. Caro, at Her- ald Square; S. M. Crain, G. M. Crain, at Murray Hill; Miss V. Foltz, at Victoria; Mrs. K. Hartz, at Manhattan; W. L. Hughson, at Imperial; J. B. James, at Grand; R. L. Knapp and wife, at Ven- dome; R. R. Muro, at Herald Square; Z. Steuben, at Manhattan; Dr. H. Brann, at Cadillac; G. Chesman, at Holland; T. \A. Scott, at Broadway Central; H. C. Strat- ton, at Herald Square. From Los Angeles—G. Chaffey, A. H. Heber, at Cadillac; M. R. Flint, at Her- ald Square. From Sacramento—J. Herald Square. From Riverside—J. B. Wood, at Park Avenue. ———————— CALIFORNIANS IN WASHINGTON ‘WASHINGTON, D. C., June 3.—The following named Californians _arrived here to-day and registered as follows: At the Shoreham—Mrs. Kate S. Hart, Jane Steuben, San Francisco; Dr. H. L Lawhead, Woodland; F. C. Johngon and wife, Los Angeles. At the Ebbitt—George ‘Wilcox, Los Angeles. At the St. James— Mrs. H. S. Stipp, Mr. and Mrs. M. A. ‘Whittle, San Francisco. At the Ralelgh— J. W. Ervin, Dr. George M. Terrill and wife, San Francisco. . ANSWERS TO QUERIES. INK STAINS-—Subscriber, Stockton, Cal. Ink stains on a varnished desk can- not be removed without zffecting the var- mish. TO WHITEN BONES-F. H. B, Oak- land, Cal. The French, who prepare the bones of a skeleton for mounting, whiten them by bleaching for a short time in a ‘weak solution of chloride of lime. INDIAN LANDS—I O. J., Wmters, Cal. All that this department has been able to ascertain about Indian lands to be opened for settlement in August next 'was published in answer to another cor spondent in this department on Sunday May 19, 101 CQUNT IN CRIBBAGE-D., Citv. If, in a game of cribbage, the following was the play, 5, 2, 6, 3, 4, ace, the one who }Jlsyed the ace is entitled to & run of six. t makes no difference how the cards are played so lohg as they can be counted in sequence order. CONSERVATORIES ' OF MUSIC-W. T.,. Watsonville, Cal. Possibly the best information you can obtain in relation to the German conservatories is that to be obtained by writing to the director of the Conservatory of Music in Liepzic. In Grove'’s Dictlon: of Music may be found information relative to such conservato- ries, each under its known designation. DEAD IN LAW-M. D, City. If a wo- man has been deserted by her husband, and does not hear from him for a period at the end of that of four years, bu period is told that he is dead, but does not verify the information, she would not have the fls}:l to marry “without eb- taining a divorce on the ground of de- an individual is not sup- sertion. In law, until after the cxpiration posed to be dead of seven years. ———— \Gmmdtu. Townsend's, Palace Hotel* —_— Cal. glace fruit 50c per 1b at Townsend's.* —_—— Best eyeglasses, specs, 10 to 40c. Look out for 81 Fourth, front of barber and zrocery.s —_——— Special information supplied dally to houses and public men the Clipping Burea Allen’s), ?".2.- ey Sivee Telebrins Mo mmm'i" To make therein exclust R sions of mining, forestall or other Hgnts """ | Secretary Root has collected one of the i 1\.;0 |§'mm igut for revenue purposes the right | DESt pflvntamubnrlm es in military history ‘com] col . Bacco, apiam. Salt o Sther corsmodyefr e to- | and selence In The couniry - Sl ol Y 9° | Low Rates and Fast Time to the Pan® E Round-trip rate to Buffalo, $57. Time” ot the Pacific mu.mm T on sale at of the Southern and Union Pacific Railroad companies.