The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, May 24, 1901, Page 6

THE SAN FRANCISCO ‘CALL, FRIDAY, MAY 24, 1901, Call. ....MAY 24, 1901 Che® ‘FRIDAY HE time has come when California must strive FAQOTS ABOUT THE PLAGUE.- earnestly to get justice in regard to the bubonic I plague scare, which is already an incubus upon | our industries and threatens at any time to effect their JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. e e R ke i T hteress A1 Communicstions to W. 8. LEAKE, Manager. MAYAGER'S OFFICE....... .Telephone Press 204 o 3 S. F. LICATION OFFICE...Market and Third, 5y = Telephone Press 201. EDITORIAL ROOMS. .217 to 221 Stevenson St. Telephone Pres3 Deltvered »v Carriers. 15 Cents Per Weel. 1 Coptes. 5 Cents. Terms l"-x‘l'e-u‘ Including Postager VATLY CALY fincluding funday), one Year.. !;: PATLY CALL (ncluding Sunday). § months. 25 DAILY CALL Gncluding Eunday), 3 months. L DAILY CALL—By Flnfl; Month. WEEKLY CALL, One Year. All postmasters are rized to receive subscrip = €ample coples will be forwarded whep requested. 88 orfering chanes of sddress should o NEW AND OLD ADDRESS in order pliance with thelr request. +++1118 Broadway Mafl spheerihers In rarticalar to give both o ipsure s prompt and correct com: OAKLAND OFFICE GEORGE KROGNESS. Marguette Building, Chieags. “Central 2618.") © Fanager Foreign Advertising, Gopg Distance Telephone TORE REPRESENTATIVE: v -5 -.Herald Square NEW YORK REPRESENTATIVE: SYEPHEN B. SMITH. .30 Tribune Building NEW YORK NEWS STANDS: Waldorf-Astorta Hotel; A. Erentano, %L Union Square: Murrey Eill Hotel. CHICAGO NEWS STANDS: Sberman House: P. O. News Co.; Grest Northern Hotel; Fremont House; Auditorium Hotel. WASHINGTON (D. C.) OFFICE. ...1400 G St., N. W. MORTOX E. CRANE. Correspondent. BRANCH OFFICES—27 Montgomery, corner of Clay, open ontil 9:30 o'clock. 300 Hayes, open untfl $:30 o'clock. 633 McAllister, open until 9:30 o'clock. 615 Larkin. open untll $30 o'clock. 1841 Mission, open until 10 o'clock. 2261 Market, «corner Sixteenth. open until § c'clock. 10% Valencta. open xntt] § O'clock. 196 Eleventh, open until § o'clock. NW. cor- ner Twenty-second and Kentucky, open until 9 o'clock. 2200 Filimore, open until 9 p. m. [ ——————— = AMUSEMENTS, Columbia—‘‘Heartsease.”” Alcazar—"The First Born™ and “‘Gloriana.” g Grand Opera-house—"“The Queen of Chinatow:. California—*Barbara Frietchie.” Central Shadows of a Great City.” The Toy Maker.” Orpheum—Vaudeville. Olvmpta, corner Mason and Eddy streets—Specialties: Chutes, Zoo and Theater—Vaudeville every afternoon and evening. Fischer's—Vaudeville. Recreation Park—Baseball. - Alhembra—Benefit Children’s Hospital, Saturday matinee, June 1 Sutro Bathe—Swimming. Emeryville Racetrack—Races to-day. o 10 SUBSCRIBERS LEAVING TOWN FOR THE SUMMER. Call subscribers contemplating s change eof residence during the summer ths can have their paper forwarded by mail to ®ddresses by motifying The Call Business Office. This paper will also be on sale at all summer Fesorts and is represented by a local agent im &li towss en the comst. THOSE PORTO RICANS. ¥ HE Examiner is just now advertising itself by another race around the globe. The time since ladies were doing that racing for newspapers as advertising dodges has lapsed sufficiently to make the | fake renewable. The last effort of that paper to attract attention by other than legitimate newspaper methods was its crocodiling over the Porto Ricans who were migrating to Hawaii on labor contracts. It sent a corps of “commissioners” to meet their train, and by industrious lying about the islands and the slavery into which they were being entrapped induced a number of them to desert. The public has not for- gotten the snivel and snort which filled columns. It assumed guardianship of its dupes who deserted and continued to use them as sandwichmen to advertise it until the fake was played out. Now those deserters are deserted by the Examiner, and some of them have been reported as public charges on the counties to which they were sent. The Porto Ricans of the same party who went on to Hawaii are happy and contented, and their reports sent back are the means of inducing many others to follow them to-the Pacific. The Examiner did not scruple to misrepresent and deceive these poor people to advertise itself. It was their right to migrate from one part of the country to the other, and to prudently provide for their welfare by covering their future by a contract. The tornadoes and political changes in Porto Rico had rendered such migration, either temporary or per- manent, a necessity to them. California is in every way unsuited to them. They have no knowledge of our industries and no skill in their pursuit. They find no place here into which they fit. The Examiner's fake condemned them to misery and exile. Under the pretense of a humane purpose it inflicted in- humanity upon them, used them for its mean purpose and abandoned them to their fate. When such an offense is committed from such a motive a degree of legal responsibility ought to be visited upon the offender. The Examiner should be made to return these poor people to their former homes or restore them to their companions who are happy and contented in Hawaii. A school has been started in Chelsea, England, to | teach girls the duties of wifehood and motherhood. It is called the “College of Matrimony,” and is said to have arisen because the teachers of the public techni- cal schools found 2 large number of young women wished to be taught cooking, plain sewing and dther accomplishments of the kind, and came to the con- ciusion that what is really needed was a thorough tem of training in homework for wives. Sam Jones, the Georgia evangelist, who began his career in the ministry as a circuit rider at a salary of $3c0 a year, is now- said to earn $1000 a week and to have acquired a fortune of upward of $500,000. He is still keeping up his old lick, for, having been invited vecently to preach “decently” in Savannah, he replied: “Ii Savannah wants decent preaching I will not go chere at all; for how can I give them decent preaching with the old town only half a mile from hell?” The people of Washington City are discussing the edvisability of erecting factories for the employment of the people, but what they wish i5'a factory that will emit no smoke, and they are having 2 hard time find- ing one of that sort that will employ r of labor. Chicago i_s to have 2 new._ml.’wayv station, but she doesn’t need one half as bad.as:San Francisco. It may have been noted that ‘in all fll: kind things the | There is the bitter irony of political ambition, When 4 President has said about the city there was no com- pliment for the kind of 1 2pot we Teceived him at, i their mew | any great amount | destruction. No matter what may be said or done by men who are under bonds to professional <courtesy, or are unwilling to change preconceived opinions that were not justified at their formation, there is no bu- bonic’ plague in San Francisco nor in California. One need not resort to the microscope to demon- strate this. During the entire period since the world was frightened and Chinatown was roped in between midnight and morning the sick rate and death rate here have not advanced a point beyond normal. These rates in Chinatown have been, if changed at all, below normal and average. But, when this showing is made, the reply of the Federal authorities has been that this very condition is suspicious, and implies that the rates of sickness and death are being sophisticated. This charge is untrue. It is known that the local Board of Health has striven to prove its original statement that plague was here. "It has charge of our vital statistics, and any sophistication would be: more likely in the interest of the board’s position. As far as the vital statistics of the Chinese are con- cerned, their sophistication is impossible under the regulations of the law and the customs of those peo- ple. is the highest obligation of the living to the dead Chinese. It is under such regulation that the identi- figation and numbering of the dead must be accurate or this obligation cannot be discharged. So no con- cealment in Chinatown is possible. But there is an- other evidence better than anything else. The Presi- Francisco for a long time. The Governor of Ohio here and saw the town at leisure. The Governor of Oregon and the Governor of Arizona have been here, with the same opportunity for observation. Most of these gentlemen have been back and forth through | Chinatown.. They have seen its teeming streets and | visited its theaters, temples, restaurants and stores by day and by night. They have seen the Chinese going about their business and their places at all hours, with no sign of fear or panic upon them. Now the Chinese know the plague, its signs and | symptoms, as.thoroughly. as. do the bacteriologists. | They know it as we do smallpox, and shun it in greater fear. ~As the Governor of California has pointed out, if plague were in Chinatown not all the ropes that could be stretched around it, nor all the troops the President saw at the Presidio, could keep the Chi- nese there. They run from it as we run from small- pox and cholera, and recognize it as plainly and as quickly. Here, then, we have the testimony of the sick and death rate of both races, and the fearless compla- cency of the Chinese themselves, and the testimony of our most reputable physicians that the ailment alleged to be the plague has been identified in China- town constantly for thirty years, being nothing more than a disease and complications not unknown among white people but modified by the peculiarities of the Asiatic constitution. Yet the report that we have the plague persists, and receives, we regret to say, official countenance. To show what this amounts | to Iet one fact be stated. The report of the surgeon | general shows one case of bubonic plague in San | Francisco in April. Upon attention being called to {it and an investigation being made it was demon- strated that the report was wrong, and the admission is on record that the case was not plague at all. Jus- tice required that the Federal and local health ser- vice should publish this admission. Nothing could have gone further to overtake the untrue statement that the plague exists. But was this done? No. The officials would go no further than to omit the false report from subsequent bulletins of the ensuing months! We submit to the President that this is grossly un- r treatment of California. The Chinese, instead of resisting the purgation of Chinatown, have effec- | tively co-operated with the Governor in that work. They are not fairly under suspicion of concealing | anything. Their conduct might well be imitated by | the officials, who will privately admit themselves to be wrong in reporting the April case but refuse to make that.admission public. It is a matter of vast importance to hundreds of thousands of people in California. been with us. He has broken bread and eaten salt in cur tents, and it is not too much to expect that he will do what he may to lift this incubus from the prosperity of the Stater A consultation between him and the State authorities would be highly proper to arrange a common ground of action. | | In the creed of the United Brethren church, recently modified, the word “hell,” highly interesting to most of us, has been changed to “hades.” No suggestion is made, however, that the very strenuous meaning of the term has been softened in the substitution. QUAY IN HIS TRIUMPH. ENATOR QUAY of Pennsylvania has just had his hour of triumph over his political and per- sonal foes. He has not only obtained a re-election to the United States Senate, but he has virtually directed legislation at Harrisburg, and finally a great banquet was given in his honor at Horticultural Hall in Philadelphia, followed by a grand reception at the Academy of Music. The occasion was a genuine ova- tion, thousands of people met him at the depot, and | the ¢~wds upon the streets that gathered to cheer | him were so great the police had to stretch ropes along the sidewalks to keep traffic from being ham- pered. After such victories, won in a prolonged contest against strong factions; in the excitement of such a 4 popular reception, and in the enthusiasm of his fol- lowers, one would expect his speech to be full of ex- | ultation and triumph, but it was very different from that. The tenor of the whole may be judged from this extract: At three score years and {en the world grows lonely. Through wildernesses almost desolate the stream of life glides darkly toward the eternal gulf. The assoclations of early existence are gone, Its objects are gained or lost, or faded In importance. Occasions like the present stand in pleasant rellef—green patches on the sandy delta—and are especially attractive and welcome. Fully recognizing that your tribute is not personal, but at- taches to the high office with which the Republicans of Pennsylvania have honored me, I thank you. My polit- jcal race is run. It is not to be understood that God's sword is drawn immediately against my life, or that my seat in the Senate is to be prematurely vacated, but that ‘with the subscription of my official oath on the 18th of January my. connéction with the serious labor and re- sponsibilities of active politics ceased, except in so far as I ma; committed to certain measures pending in the p Legislature. I will never again be a candi- date for nor accept any official position. I have many friends to remember. I have no enemies to punish. In this regard I put aside the past. triumph con)ujt finds -the _vjceor incapable of enjoy- ing it. In such a case there can be S i oo AR et N dent and nearly all of his Cabinet have been in San | Every one of their dead must be returned to | China to rest with his family and his ancestors. This | | American interest. and members of Congress from that State sojourned | the cup. The decisionis final so far as the race is political honors except such as comes from a true devotion to duty, and the consciousness that it is pos- ‘sible in office to faithfully serve one’s country. Of | purely personal satisfaction there is to a noble mind j almost nothing. It is not likely Quay’s retirement from political | leadership will be so complete as is asserted in that | speech. His words were evidently spoken in a mood | of despondency, the natural reaction from the ardent feelings that animated him while the fight was going on. When a new fight"segins he will doubtless return ! to t}.1e fray as eagerly as ever. None the less his words | are interesting as an illustration of the essential vanity lof human ambition. If the speech of Quay in his | triumph were placed alongside the letter written by " Ingalls when he learned of his defeat, the contrast between the two would be striking. The defeated statesman, in the actual loneliness of his Kansas farm, was cheerful and serene, while the victor, amid the shouting thousands of his admirers, felt his life gliding | through a wilderness almost desolate, S«. CUP CONTEST. | THE ABMER.IOA’ VERYTHING goes wrong this yeér with the preparations that are being made for the inter- | :E national yacht race for the America’s cup. | Sir Thomas Lipton’s new challenger, after having been beaten in one test by Shamrock I, has been almost completely wrecked, and it is said to be doubtful if she can be made ready for a match even if the event be postponed to a month later than the date fixed. That will, of course, tend to weaken British interest in the race, while in this country the unfortunate wrangle between the New York Yacht Club and the Boston men who have constructed the | yacht Independence to competé for the honor of de- fending the cup has been almost as depressing to In fact, it is a bad year for the contest, and perhaps no one would be very sorry if the event were postponed for a year. The wreck of the Shamrock II shows that she was not strongly constructed, and for that defect Sir Thomas Lipton himself.appears to be to blame. It was announced long ago that the designer of the vacht desired to make her fit for the heavy seas around the British Islands, but that Sir Thomas -had been so impressed by the light winds and quiet seas that prevailed off New York harbor at the time of his first contest that he forbade the conmstruction of a heavy weather boat, and insisted upon one of lighter build. He has now had occasion to repent of his folly, but it is announced he is as determined as ever to make the race with Shamrock II and will spare no expense to have her ready if a postponement be granted. A The wrangle between the New York Yacht Club | and Thomas W. Lawson and his Boston collea:gues i will not be settled as easily as Shamrock II can be | repaired. The New Yorkers have decided that the Independence shall not be permitted to enter the trial races and compete fgr the privilege of defending concerned, for the New Yorkers hold the cup; but it has increased rather than settled the agitation on the subject, for under the decision it will not be known whether the defender is the best yacht that American skill can construct, and consequently the public in- terest in the event will be less than it would other- wise have been. ‘ The Boston men base their claim to a right to en- ter the trial races upon a clause ifn the deed of gift | | by which the survivors of the syndicate that built the America turned the famous cup over to the New York Yacht Club. The clause runs as follows: “Any i organized yacht club of a foreign country, incorpor- | ated, patented or licensed by the Legislature, Ad- miralty or other executive department, having for its | annual regatta an ocean watercourse on the sea or an arm of the sea, or one which combines both, shall PAPERS ON CURRENT TOPICS. PREPARED BY EXPERTS AND SPECIALISTS FOR THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL. Interesting ‘Hisiory of the First Efforts of Americans to Establish Schools of Higher Education. By Alice Morse Earls, AUTHOR OF “STAGECOACH AND TAVERN DAYS,” “OLD-TIME DRINKS AND DRINKERS,” ETC. COPYRIGHT, 1901 XIV.—SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES. The year 1800 witnessed little change in educational ideas from those of half a century previous, though great changes were brewing. The horn-book was still seen, but the famous New England Pri- mer was chiefly used. Little boys and girls attended dame schools, Jéarned their letters, to read and spell and to knit and sew. When the little girl proudly carried home and displayed her first pair of knit garters her brother showed the ‘“‘galluses’ he had knitted as he sat by her side. ‘When they left the dame school their paths separated; he Avas thrust promptly into the pages of Latin grammar and was set to make a “sum book.” Seldom did he have a printed arithmetic, and it was just as well that he did not. For many of the rules in the arithmetics of those days can hardly be understood by tolerable mathematicians of mature age to-day. ‘Pike's arithmetic was the most popular and the worst. A very good Latin mar for its day, “Cheever's Accidence,” was in use everywicre; written by one Cheever, the Boston schoolmaster, who taught seventy years. Josiah Quincy said he studied it through twenty times before mastering it. The custom was to study the grammar through three times, com- mitting to memory, before any parsing was done. The ‘“Young Ladies’ Acci- dence” was a much simpler and clearer grammar. A book printed in 1834 entitled “The Dis- trict School” says gevography was taught <+ century the students ate in a new com- mons building. At meal times sopho- mores entered at the north door, fresh- men at the south door and junior and senfors at the middle door. Tutors sat at an elevated table and tried to preserve order, but there was much rioting. In one term thirty coffee pots and 600 tum- blers were estroyed—and this when classes were comparatively small. Bolled potatoes, bread, pats of butter, would be thrown beck ‘and forth. When peas were cooked all the undergraduates were sum= moneg to shell them, but the work usu- ally fell on the freshmen. If any man shirked he found all the pea pods thrown in his room. is was called “‘podding.” Great pewter jugs of cider stood on the tables and all drank from the jugs. When the students did not like the quality of mutton served them they entered the commons bleating and seized the platter of obnoxious mutton and threw it through the window. For breakfast at the commons were hash, “slum” and coffee; for dinner, beef or salt pork, with vegetables, bread, a quart of beer and ample cider; for sup- per, a quart of milk and half a loaf of bread or an apple pie for each student. Apple ple was a daily item of food at Harvard and at times was served at all three of the daily meaus. Some Quaint College Rules. Students at Yale were obliged to draw water from the college wells for their use for bathing and drinking unless their fags did it for them. Two upper class- men were entitled to one fag. Every stu- Yale College in 1823. - L in but four schools in Massachusetts till 1820, 'and was not well taught even at the date of writing. Thoroughness in Writing and Spell- ing. The writing master still dominated, and poor handwriting was deemed as disgrace- ful as poor spelling. Home-made ink, of a decoction of maplc bark mixed with copperas, or a compound of water, vine- gar and ink powder, and goosequill pens, did not add to ease of writing. The mas- ter always set the copy and made the PThe erystallization of . orthography ooks of Noah Webster | caused by the b - Shaae | always be entitled to the right of sailing a match for the cup with any yacht propelled with sails only and constructed in the country to which the challenging i | der the deed of gift except by the most arbitrary ac- tion on-the part of the New York Yacht.Club.” The President has | | yacht belongs, against any one yacht or vessel con- | are in a most unsatisfactory condition. | structed in the country of the club holding the cup.” i The word “any” in that clause is construed by Boston yachtsmen as entitling their yacht to enter the trials. Secretary Bliss of the Massachusetts Yacht Racing Association says: “I do not see how the In- dependence can be shut out from the trial races un- On the other side a member of the New York club is quoted as saying: “The America’s cup is in the cus- tody of the New York Yacht Club, and it is the re- sponsible custodian and probably will remain so as long as the cup is held on this side of the water. The challenge for the cup was made to the New York Yacht Club and must be raced for under the rules agreed upon. The club is responsible for the conduet of the race, and if Mr. Lawson wants to come in he must submit to these rules just as Sir Thomas Lip- ton must.” \ It will be seen that the preparations for the race If Lipton comes over with a hastily patched up yacht to compete with a yacht whose owners have barred out other yachts from competition, it is not likely there will be | much satisfaction to any one no matter how the contest goes. | | | | e ——————— The recent death at the age of 101 of Pierre Lassiere, a noted French philanthropist, has started the people of that country to hunting up well authenticated cases of longevity, with the result there have been found men who lived to more than 100 years of age by the practice of frugality, and others by contrary practices. One case was found of an habitual drunkard named Espagnac, who is said to have had a jag every day for ninety years. Such a life may have been a glorious | spree, but it will be better for the average man to be temperate than to take chances. i i It is reported that all the petition cases arising out of the recent general elections in Great Britain have now been heard and decided by the Couft of King's Bench, and in only one case was bribery proven. The showing is sufficiently good to excite our emulation, but it will be a long time before we can match the record, ! 3 The people in Maine have evidently grown envious of the reputation Kansas has made by the recent cru- sades against saloons, for they havé started a simi- lar movement of their own'and are making things howl ‘around the ginmills. The city of Topeka, wrought to the point of distress by warring elements, is now under the influence of the “dry” party. It is sincerely to be hoped that no elec- trical disturbances of the social atmesphere will follow this happy result. . An local capitalist who at his death believed himself to. no satisfaction in | what he is. 'be heirless. This is probably another corroboration of the assertion it is a wise man who knows who or | ~ | speech of the speller ha | sacks. shackl | ete. | wife of President Adams y of heirs has arisen to contest the will of a Eom" en St T awakened a perfect passion fo I Teachers rel:'eled in holding spelling schools, and youn% and old joined in | Spelling matches. Kvery one spelt well. | Poor spelling was abhorred. The modes of reciting lessons in speiling, the Jl\'ld-(‘ ing into syllables, adnd pranogu;;c;:'nfineftglen portion of the word as it grew in the: icule, and are frowned ! upon by modern teachers. Those mnethods roduced, however, generations of abso- utely perfect-spellers, while our modera methods have brought out a generation of | young people who all spell wretchedly, | and, worse still, are not at all ashamed | of it. Great severity o object of much ridi | f l.ilscll:v“nief slllfll s{‘lelalgg; | ere flogged unmercifully. - | gl"llpgie;ede to, iive a perfect passion for | punishment. I read recently some pascs | of the diary of a very genial gentleman, a librarian of the American Anticuarian Society, who had been a schoolmaster in | his vouth and who died in 1840. One entry | told of .a ride in a stage coach with a | mother and a young child who cried. - fe sald: “Such is my temper of mind toward every child I see since I kept school, that T could scarce keep from thrashing him. 1 long to beat every child I meet. Pupils | were whipped wi leather straps, w%th birch rods, with cat-o'-nine-tails, with heavy ferules, with walnut sticks. Even | the ~Lancastrian system, held to he‘ founded on gentleness and persuasion, et | pupils in the pillory, hung them up in ed tho legs, tled the arms, | lustrated child’s book shows | Every il itz that, whipping was the common pract Scant Education for Girls. In early schemes of education in this, had scant attention. The Soentry Sl o in, 176D | : “I never was sent to any school. ;;gr::le education in the best families went no further than writing and arith- metic; in some, few and rare instances ic' and dancing.” m%iec letter of one of the school bo: Faston, Pa., urges teaching girls the use of the needie as well as to read and write, “if writing should be thought necessary 1s.”” to’;“n l;- first entrance into the advantages of boys' schools was through an attend- ance at most inconvenient hours. Girls in Providence could be tuuiht from 6 to 7:30 | in the morning and 4:20 to 6 in the after-| noon. The Mom&nz Or?cle of April 3, 1802, dvertisement: hfi&“x‘r‘:::r?uns school for misses will be opened in the chamber of the brick school- house cn April 19. Attendance one hour and a half, eg&nvng at 6 o’clock.: Price 13.6 a quarter; 15 for those who may. choose to be furnished by the Instructors with paper, ink and pens. - Willlam Woodbridge opened a school for irls at Middletown, Conn., and in the firet quarter of the nineteenth century the Byfleld School (kept by the Rev. Joseph | Emerson), the Andover;Girls’ School and | Catherine Beecher's School at Hartford were established. In 1820 in Miss Wil- lard’'s School was held the first public ex- amination of & girl in geometry. Miss| Lyon’s School at South Hadley has lived and flourished, just escaping being called the Pangynaekean Seminary, which was appropriate if not melodious, for it meant that for the first time the whole woman of our race was to be put to school. In 1825 a high school for girls was estab- lished in Boston; it was attended with most intense eagerness, and not one pupil voluntarily left the school. But the suc- cess of the school was its ruin. With the most perverted view of education ever known, Mayor Qufncy reports against the continuance of “the schooi.on the grounds that such large numbers would wish to attend, and the consequent ex- penditure would be great, so in 1827 the ard of | girls’ high school was discontinued. Bit- terly pointed, the principal opened a private high-school for girls, and soon many other girls’ schools. s 1855 prung up. In 2 o\:{“ girls had another p?xglic high scl . It was not deemed good form for wom- en to go to public lectures. Even in 1838 audiences were so rude that few were wllun‘ to attend. In 1827 it announced tha t attend was ladies migl Hision: Svén If not ACcomDARIC by 5 gen- . ‘com] a |- Crman={his was an fporiant step. S B e e jers as a return for his privileges. About | young growth. i stitute for our fine native trees, fust ag | 2 | thing.—Philadelphia Bulletin. dent had to remove his hat and stand silent as the college president passed. Every hour of the day was rigidly guard- ed. If a student wished to take a walk hs asked permission of the faculty, specified the hour of leaving and return- ing, and his destination, and was fined | if he varied these. Attending a dance | was punished by a finé of 5 cents; play- | ing billiards called for a fine of 40 cents, and the third offgnse meant rustication. There was a ‘“buttery”” at which cider, metheglin, beer, loaf sugar. tobacco, etc., | could be bought and students were for- | bidden to buy beer or cider anywhere else. The'“butler” who kept this ‘“‘college canteen’” had to furnish candles at pray- 1820 there was so much display of dress | that a uniform cf quaker gray was planned for Yale undergraduates. One student appeared in a suit of changeable | silk; another writes of his plaid cloak. A Lycurgan soclety was formed to en- cnlfi‘iflge plainness of dress and simplicity of life. In the eighteenth century the candidate | for Harvard was not recuired to know either geography or arithmetic, though it is to be inferred that he did. In 1814 Har- | vard demanded a knowledge of arithmetic | through the - “rule of three’’ and an-| nounced that after 1815 the coilege would demand a knowledge of ancient and raod- ern geography. In 1816 the entire arith- metic was set as a necessary study. Yale at that time made similar requirements. In 1805 proctors were instituted in Har- | vard. There was then no college -:h\pel:i there was no chair of Greek, of natural | history or of law; there was no classifica- | tion of undergraduates by merit. The | rules regulating freshmen were still very | rigid, they were severely “ground cdown Among other impositions upon them was that of furnishing bats and balls for the use of the whole college in their games. The president’s salary was $1400 a year. Jefferson’s Lombardy Poplars. An engraving that shows a view from | the capitol grounds at Washington in 182% discloses that Pennsylvania avenue was lanted with Lombardy poplars. They égan to be imported to America soon after the revolution, and their popularity %:rew through the advocacy of Jefferson. | ‘hey came to be regarded as a symbol of | democracy and the domination of french | ideas. They were therefore profoundly | hated in some communities. In Salem a splendid row of them was destroved at | night by ardent federalists. They were planted along the new turnpikes which were being built evesywhere. But few of these old poplars still stand anvwhere in our northern States, save a few winter- killed old settlers and some scraggly They proved a poor sub- French notions of liberty poorly served our purpose. America was certainly ever ready to make friends with France under every new_rule. When. Webster was Secretary of State. The French Minister asked whether the United States would recog- nize the new government of Franc ‘Webster assumed a solemn and Impre: sive tone. “Why not?” said he. “The United States since its birth has recog- nized the Bourbons, the French ‘renublic, the directory, the council of 25 hundred, the first consul, the ror, Lonis . Charles X., Louis Philippe, the | ‘Enough! Enough!” cried the min- ister, at such a citation of consistent precedents. < CHANCE TO SMILE. Mr. Smart—H'm! T've forgot more than you ever knew. Mrs. Smart—I don’t doubt that sure I never knew you to reme: < y. I'm any- “T know I shall never love ane WO~ man as I do you.” . Wher AR o “Heednt Eet mad ‘“Wel ou n 3 e Tl bet T could if T wanted o —fl?:.‘ # Guest of the Doctor’'s (late h the %heater)—liurr! up, old en.gf“.",'.fi"}:'; me in. ; Absent-minded Doctor (who has forgot- ten all about his visitor)—W] Guest—Mr. Trane. . DG e yune Doctor—Missed a train . h catch the next—Tit-Bits, Y ou? Well, “Thomas,” sald the teacher of class in physiology. ‘“can you give .';le cmt 1n!tal;ce or(llthte Rflv{;r !of tl):; human em to adapt itself to changed o ) ol “Yes'm,” responde omm; My Aunt Abigail gained 100 pounds i flesh in less'n a year, an’ her crack a particle.”—Chicago Tribune. | rians, meaning sunset, or wes {Kansas s- | gomery s delphia zools than PERSONAL m TIO? J. D. Carr, a prominent Democrat of Sa- linas, is at the Palace. W. S. Richards of San Jose is at the Palace, accompanied by his wife. E. J. Rule, a prominent mining superin- tendent of Sonora, is at the Lick. Jackson Hatch, a prominent attorney of San Jose, is staying at the Palace. F. S. McComber, an extensive wine- maker of Sonora, is a guest at the Palace. Jackson Dennis, a mining man of Sut- ter Creek, registered at the Grand yester- day. C. B. Jillson, a mining man of Horn- brook, is here on business and is staying at the Grand. W. O. H. Martin, a prominent mining man of Reno, Nev., is at the Occidental, accompanied by his wife. Governor Gage, who has made his head- quarters at the Palace for several days, leaves to-day for Sacramento. 'W. F. Malcomb of Woodland arrived in the city last night, accompanied by his wife. He is staying at the California. —_———————— CALIFORNIANS IN WASHINGTON WASHINGTON, May 2.—The following Califcrnians are in Washington: At the Metropolitan, James Regli, San Jose; National, T. Dickson, San Franciseo, and C. Morin, San Jose; St. James, John Tanely, San Francisco, and M. Brady, Cealifornia; Raleigh, H. Mackiernan and Miss Mackiernan, Los Angeles. ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. NO PREMIUM—A. O. 8., Oakland, Cal | A half dollar of 1850 does not command a premium from dealers. Such may be pur- chased for 75 cents. CENSUS OF CANADA—C. A. D., Wood- land, Cal. The time for the giving out of the figures of the new cemsus of the Do- minion of Canada has not yet been an- nounced. POKER—Car¢ Player, City. If you want to become a gocd poker player you must have the following qualifications as laid down by General Schenck: “Good luck, 800d cards, plenty of cheek and good tem- per. THIRD TERM-—H. C. D, Veterans Home, Cal. There is no law to prohibit one who has been: President of the United States two successive terms from becom- ing a candidate for a third successive t and_ if elected there is no law {wat weculd prevent him from enter u, “n tke duties of the office. TO YOSEMITE ON A WHEEL-J. W. B., San Rafael, Cal. An individual-who is physically strong, has endurance and does not meet with any serlous drawback, such as punctured tires or breakdawns, can ride to the Yosemite on a wheel. Any first-class cyclery can furnish a road book giving best routes all over the State, dis- tances and time required. LEGAL HOLIDAYS—Subscriber, City. The legal holidays in California are: Every Sunday, January 1, February 22, May 30 (Memorial day), July 4, September 9, first Monday in October (Labor day), Tuesday succeeding the first Monday in even numbered years (general _election day), fourth Thursday November (Thanksgiving) and December 2. CITIZENSHIP—L., Acton, Cal. Prior to 1855 courts repeatedly held in the United States that the naturalization of the hus- band did not carry with it the naturaliza- tion of the wife, but an act passed Feb- ruary 10 of that vear provided that the two should be one in this respect and that no separate naturalization of the wife should be required. CIVIL SERVICE—Subscriber,. Pleasant Valley, Cal. Persons who served in the military or naval service of the United States and were discharged by reason of disabilities resulting from wounds or sick- ness incurred in the line of duty are, un= der the civil service rules, given certain preferences:. They are released from max« imum, age of limitation, are- eligible to appointment at a grade of 65 and are certified \to appointing officers before ail others. For details of examination, time |and so forth apply to the secretary of the civil service department of the branch in which you desire to seek appointment. PRESIDENCY—Constant Reader, City. It has been held that a child born in a forelgn country to parents who are eiti- zens of the United States, whether the father is in the diplomatic or consular service, representing this country, or the parents are sejourning or passing through the country, is a citizen of the United States; but there never has been any au- thority as to whether a boy born to Amer- jcan parents in a foreign country would, if he attained the proper age, be eligible to become President of the United States. The statement has been published time and again that such a person would be eligible, but the question has never been judicially decided, as there never has been occasion for such a decision. EURASIA-J. W. P, Oakland, Cal. Eu- rasia is a combination of Eur(ope) afd Asia, which has been applied by somesto- the continental mass made up of Eurgpe and Asia, but it is not generally recog- nized as a geographical designation. Longman’'s Gazetteer says: ““According to Egli the names Europe and Asia are of Semitic origin, Europe being connected with the word ereb or irib of the Assy- Asta with asu, meaning sunrise, or east. Eurasian is a modern name for persons of mixed European and Indlan blood. It is a term invented by tha late Marquis of Hastings to designate all the progeny of wuite fathers and Jlindoo or Mohammedan mothers.” THE REPRESENTATIVES-F. E. T. City. The select committee of twelve on representation under the recent census has recommended the passage of a bill allowing the following representation to each State, as follows: Alabama 9, Ar- kansas 6, Californla 7, Colorado 2, Con- necticut 4, Delaware 1, Florida 2, Georgia 11, Idaho 1, Tllinois 23, Indiana 12, Towa 11, 7, Kentucky 10. Louisiana 7, Maine 3, Maryland 6, Massachusetts 13, Michigan 12, Minnesota S, Mississippl 7, Missouri 15, Montana 1, Nebraska 5, Nevada 1, New Hampshire 2, New Jersey 9. New Yerk 35, North Carolina 9, North Daketa 1, Ohio ), Oregor. 2, Pennsylvania 30, Rhode Island 2, South Carolina & South Dakota 2, Tepnessee 1), Texas 13, Utah 1, Ver- mont. 2. Virginia 9, Washington 2, West Virginia 5, isconsin 10 and Wyoming 1. In all 375 representatives to a population of 74,610,523, WHO CAN TELL?-M. G., City. This correspondent writes: “In reading ‘Eben Holden' we come to where Will Brower takes lodgings in New York with the thrift; German, ‘All Right’ Opper by nume,ywho had leased from the old sailor shopkeeper in front. Now, this sailor. Riggs, was blind, but had an fdea or faney that his affliction was enly a dreaming. and that when the morning came he should wake and ‘maybe Annie and moth- er would from the dock be waving their welcome to his coming.’ Maybe I'm dreaming, too, but somehow this Ponlrm runs lhrcm%h my ‘mind as a_ twice-told tale, that I have read elsewhere. Can any of the reacers of the department of' Answers to Correspondents through that department give me the name of the orig- inal and where it appears?’ It may not be plagiarism cn the part of the author of “Eben Holden,” it may simply be an- other case of history repeating itself. Cholce candies, Townsend's, Palace Hotel* —_— ——e————— Cal. glace fruit 30c per 1b at Townsend’s.* —_————————— Townsend's C-moml:o glace fruits, 50c a d, .in_fire-etched boxes or Jap bas- g:{.: 639 Market, Palace Hotel hu&nn(.‘ —ee———— Best eyeglasses, specs, 10 to 40c. Look out for 81 Fourth, front of barber and grocery.* —— Special information supplied daily to business houses and public men the Press Clipping Bureau (Allen's), wyilom. t. Telephone Main 1042.