The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, May 5, 1901, Page 8

THE SUNDAY CALL. /1 | | “American Goods 5074% the Developime. Sy 2 a Result of the Spanish War.”” i 5 . )VV OQc V O&\ \\ Honoruru « Are Making Their Way Into Ebvery Market. of the World i Increasing nt of the Commerce Between Ttis Country and the Islands Over Which . . . - Quantities, =Sl T LS il UROPEA to w r the billion steel trust before taking alarm at the American campaign for the commercial conquest of the world 3. Pierpont Morgan’s great comb; has brought it home to them vividly, but commercial America has been expanding e territorial expansion was an It expanded $338874,- ign commerce in 1900 over 1897, year before the war. It has expanGed the eight months of the present year $296,404,299 over the first eight months of 1897. In iron and steel exports alone the expansion in 1900 over 1557 has been $64,361,089, and it may almost double these figures this year. In another notable maxim that “trade follows the flag” been illustrated lately. Spain is suffering from great business depression. She is on the verge of an industrial crisis. Every branch of her trade Is suffering from the loss of her colonies. Her im- ports to Cuba have shrunk from $136,- 000,000 to 3$66,000,000; to Puerto Rico from $44,000,000 to $17,000,000, to the Philippines from $49,000,000 to $27,000,000. Her total loss in trade through the passing of her last colonial possessions is $123,000,000 a year, ¥ Now look at During the thre the brea first instance has the the American picture. vears which have passed King out of the war with n trade of the country rown by leaps and bo Ameri- goods are making th into every market of the world in Increasing quantities, but most remarkable of all has since been the development of the commerce between this country and the islands over which the sovereignty of the United States was extended as a result of the Spanish war. Thé maxim that “trade ows the flag” has never received a riking verification. y have the exports of bread- . meat products, cotton, petroleum and other products which are exported in natural state, or nearly so, largely increased, but there has been a still more striking increase in the export of manufactured goods, such as machinery of all kinds, textiles, and boots and ehoes. Until within the last few years exnorts, of American ma_nuf.actured goods thel have been made up largely of what were Now the coun- try exporting everything, from steel bridges to be erected in Egypt or India, and locomotives to be run in Siberia or Africa, to typewriters, cash registers, pocket knives, and pins and needles. For the fiscal year which ended June 30,1897—the last complete fiscal year before the Spanish war—the exports of merchau- dise of all kinds, including silver bullion, amounted in value to $1,112,024,562. For the is fiscal year ended June 30, 1900—the last complete fiscal year—the total reached the amount of $1,450,898,646. This rate is still keeping up and for the eight months of the present fiscal year the total ex- ports to foreign countries foot up $1,015,- 193,4%9, against but 85,143 for the same period in 1897, and this notwithstand- ing the fact that the commerce between the United States and Hawaii and be- tween the United States and Porto Rico is no longer considered foreign commerce, and is not included as such in the statis- tics of the Treasury Department. Another factor that has tended to reduce the figures for the present year below what they would otherwise have been in the unsettled condition of affairs in China. Exports to the Chinese Empire were in- creasing very rapidly when the Boxer troubles broke out there last year, but for the first eight months of this year they are nearly $5,000,000 less than for the same period last year. If a comparison between the present year and 1597 is to be made on a fair basis the exports to Hawaii and Porto Rico must be added to the foreign commerce, and this would bring the figures for the first eight months of the present fiscal year up to $1,031,488,442, or a gain of $29,- 404299 over the same months in 1897. Although there has been a greater pro- portionate increase in exports to other parts of the world, Europe still continues to be the best customer of .ne United States, taking in 1990 goods to the value of $1,040,167,812, against $813.380,232 in 1897, In the same period exports to Asia have in- creased from $£39,268,755 to $64,913,984, while tn exports to Oceanica the increase has been from $22,652,773 to $43,390,927, and the exports to Africa have increased from $16,953,127 to $19,469,109. The increase in ex- non%to South America has not been sa tisfactory, the growth being from $33, ,493 in 1897 to in 1900. The ex- ports to other countries in North America in 1897 were $124,963,773, and in 1900-$187,- 209.318. That trade has followed the flag is shown by the remarkable increases in ex- ports to Cuba, the Philippine Inslands, Hawaii and Porto Rico. The total exports to Cuba in 1897 amounted to but $8,250,776, While in 1900 they had grown to $26,513,613. The increase in the exports to the Philip- pines was in still greater proportion. Be- fore the islands were acquired by the United States American goods were al- most unknown—the total value of the ex- ports to the islands being but $94,507 in 1897. The total in 1900 had risen to $2,640,- 449. The exports to Hawali grew from $4,690,075 in 1897 to $13,509,158 in 1900, and those to Porto Rico increased from $1,988,- 858 in 1897 to $4,040,431 in 1900. These figures do not include supplies sent to these islands for the United States military and naval forces or for the use of the United States authorities in any way. They are the purely commercial exports shich pass through the custom houses. Some of these goods are, of course, bought by Americans in the islands, but these Americans bring them to the notice of the natives. It has been said that ev- ery American soldier in the insular pos- sessions of the United States is a commer- cial agent, for the natives see the kind of things he uses and want similar goods for themselves. The exports to the islands under the control of the United States embrace a wide range of articles. Cuba took, in 1890, cattle and ather animals to the value of $2,983,766; breadstuffs to the value of $2,914,- §70; iron and steel to the value of $3.717,127; provisions to the value of $5,214,489, and manufactures of wood to the value of $2,122,553. The principal exports to Porto Rico were breadstuffs to the value of $1,013,204. The iargest item in Hawaii's ac- count was iron and steel to the amount of $5,064,206. Cuba bought eleven locomotives at a cost of $76,607. Porto Rico took one worth $4500 and’ Hawail took two at a cost of §7625. There were shipped to Cuba nineteen organs and seventy-two pianos; to Porto Rico eight organs and eighteen pianos; to Hawali nineteen organs and 118 viancs. and to the Philippines one organ. LOADING SUGAR ON but Most Remarkable of the Sovereignty of the United States P ° . BOARD VESSELS &1 CEBU \ FROM CARIBAO CARTS WITH NATIVE TACALOG AND VISAYAN Tie inluuitauts of ail the isiands have acquired a remarkable liking for Amer- ican beer, and the exports of this com- modity to meet their demands are growing rapidly. In 1597 the exports of domestic mait liquors from the United States amounted in value to only $723,7%. In 1900 the value had grown to $2,187,527, and a large proportion of the total went to the insular possessions of the Government. There were shipped to Cuba 445,960 dozen bottles valued at $600,995, and 286,549 gal- lons, valued at $76,527. Porto Rico drank 69,635 dozen bottles, valued at $101,217. Ha- wail drank 142,161 dozen bottles, worth $147,584, and 146,410 gallons, worth $39,136, while the Philippines took 469,451 dozen bottles, valued at $557,507, and 16,080 gal- lons, worth $4143. The consumption of dis- tilled spirits exported from the United States to the islands was comparatively light. Cuba took 5534 gallons of Bourbon whisky and 8146 gallons of rye whisky. Porto Rico consumed 2864 gallons of Bour- bon and 2230 gallons of rye, There are heavier drinkers of whisky in the Pacific than in the West Indies, for Hawaii took 22,426 gallons ot Bourbon and 722 gallons of rye, while the Philippines took 53,310 gallons of Bourbon and 5111 gallons of rye. The inhabitants of all the islands are rapidly adopting American clothing and American boots and shoes. As all of them have warm climates, comparatively few woollen goods are used, and the largest increases are shown in cottons. In 1597 Cuba bought cotion goods in the United States to the value of only $67,452, while in 1900 she bought cottons to the value of $612,252. Porto Rico bought to.the value of §12,002 in 1897, and $312,459 in 1900. The exports of cottons to Hawaii and the Philippine Islands in 187 were so small that they were not stated separately in the treasury statistics. In 1900 the exports to Hawaii had grown to $72,551 and those to the Philippines to $29,744. The total ex- ports of boots and shoes in 1897 were so small that they were not given by coun- tries at all, and very few went to any of the islands. In 1900 the exports to Cuba were $248,937, to Porto Rico $25,759, to Ha- wali §191,884 and to the Philippines $6610, Exporters of almost every article pro- duced or manufactured in the United States are beginning to find markets for their goods in these islands and thesa markets will continually expand as Amer- ican goods come to be better known and the consuming power of the inhabitants grows with their increase in prosperity under just and stable governments. While the percentages of increase have been larger in the exports to the islands now under the sovereignty of the United States, the largest increases in value have taken place in exports to countries having better developed markets, and in some lines these increases have been phenom- enal. American agricultural machinery has long been recognized as leading the world, and yet in 1897 the total exports under this heading amounted to but~$5240,6%, while in 1900 they had grown to $16,094,886. The exports of farm machinery and tools to the United Kingdom doubled between 1897 and 1900, to France and Germany they had doubled, and to British North Amer- ica more than) quadrupled. The greatest increase, however, was to that great agri- cultural country of South America—Ar- gentina—which in 1887 bought to the value of $415312 and in 190 to the value of $1,805,744. The exports of breadstuffs to all the world increased from $197,357,219 in 1897 to $262,734,026 in 1900. The most marked in- crease under this heading was In the ex- ports of wheat flour to China and Japan. In 1897 China took flour to the value of but $72,100, while in 1900 the total exports to that country, including what went through Hongkong, amounted to $4,502,- 081. Japan took so little in 1897 that it was not stated separately, but in 1900 she paid $1,554,729 for American flour. The exports of provisions, including meats and dairy products, did not in- crease to the same extent as breadstuffs, but they grew from a value of $137,135,084 in 1897 to $184,431,716 in 1900. The exports of mineral oils, crude and refined, grew from a value of $62,635,087 in 1897 to $75,- €11,211 in 19%0. The increase in the value of wood and manufactures of wood was from $39,624,800 in 1897 to $50,594,819 in 1900, In the same time the value of the ex- ports of raw cotton increased from $230,- 800,971 to $241,832,737, and of manufactures of cotton from $21,057,678 to $23,980,001. The increase in the value of copper and manufactures of copper was from $31.621,- 125 to $57,851,707, and in coal from $11.008,- €43 to $19.502.412. Dritish North America jot: A4 still continues to be the largest toreign consumer of United States coal, taking it to the value of $15,124,850 in 1900. In the last few years, however, the coal miners of the United States have begun to find a market in Europe, the exports to France, for instance, having increased from $3985 in 1897 to $144,129 in 1900, while Germany, Italy and other European countries took increasing quantities. and a few cargoes even went to England, a veritable carry- ing.of coals to Newcastle. The value of the exports of leather and manufactures of leather in the period un- der consideration increased from $19,161,- 446 to $27,288,808. Under this heading the increase in the value of boot and shoe ex- ports was from $1,708,224 in 1597 to $4,274 174. This was in part due to the success- ful efforts which American manufacturers have been making for a few years to in- troduce their boots and.shoes into Euro- pean markets, and the sales to the United Kingdom last year amounted to $950,267. The largest foreign market for American shoes, however, is in British Australasia, which took goods to the value of $1,174,437 in 1900. One of the most Intercsting features of the present commercial expansion of the United States is the large growth in the exports of fron and steel and goods made of these meials. Aside from the many articles conta % considerable iron and steel, but classified under other headings, such as agricultura! implements, scieniitie implements, steamcrs and sailing ves: sold to foreigners, and many of the arii cles classed as manufactures of wood. the value of iron and steel exports, not inciud- ing ore, increased trom $57,497.305 to $i21 858,344, These experts go to every courtr on the face of the globe and include everything from locomotives to cambtic needles. - Under the head of steam engines there were exported in 1897 two fire engines, valued at $6790: 338 locomotives, valued at $3,255,831; 423 stationary engines, valued at $323,438, and boilers and parts of engines, valued at $671334. In 1900 these exports had grown to four fire engines, valued at $14,915; 525 locomotives, valued at $5,592,403; 1128 stationary engines, valued at $652,976, and boilers and parts of engines to the value of $1,756,199. The exports of electri- cal machinery were not separately stated in 1897, but in 1900 they amounted to - All Has Been Was Extended . 2 4 v, 0 (=Y 0. e SES Lz ors— O, &z Ll = Xv 2280 NS St Z [ SS— 1 S== S SR <5, S e G —— S TR =5 s (Y, Nl 4 P e 7= which was . was export= 1900. The in- 328,917. Laundry machinery, not stated separately & ed ‘to the value of 37,1933 value of wing machines exported creased from $3,240.241 in 1897 to $4,540.842 in 1900, and the avpreciation of American typewriters in foreign countries is shown by the increase in exports from $1,463,117 fn 1897 to $2,697,544 in 1900. Despite the fact that many classes of machinery stated separately in 1900 were included under the heading “all other machinery” in 1897, the increase under this latter heading i from $19,771,556 to $21,913,202. The exports of steel rails, which were largely imported into the United States from England until a comparatively short time ago, have increased largely. In 1897 their value was $2452,208, and In 1900, $0,218144. Of this total, British North America took rails to the value of $2,882,~ 67; Asia and Oceanica, $2163, and South America, $1,420,625. Europe took rails to the value of $658.532. The value of exports of wire increased from $2,242617 to .- 982,400. While the exports of American goods have shown such large increases all along the line the great volume of the export tonnage is still carried In foreign bot- toms. There has been a considerable in- crease in the amount carried by American vessels, however, as Is shown by the fact RSt vl value of exports carrfed under the American flag in 1897 was $77,- 149.4/3, in 190 it amounted to $57,319,434, this nc ding the fact that American vessels engaged In the service were taken by the army ce 1897 and are still used . hospital ships, colliers and and ny Willle! Stri Willie (dogged Maiden Aunt vou did strike her I again. Willie (still doggedly)—Well, T couldn’t let no chance like that slip.—London Tit- Bits. —_—— \ The 112 cotton mills of Mexico esn- sumed last year 57,000,000 pounds of cottoa and produced nearly 10,000,000 pieces o woven and printed goods. These mille give employment to 22,000 operatives and the sales for *ha weor amaunted tc wore than §35,000,000 A