The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, January 6, 1901, Page 18

is i HAectors BY 1. DI - PONT "SYLE. LL who have read Filon's “The Ene- | lish Stage” will remember that the excellent English translation of that excellent work was made by a Mr. Frederick Whyte, who now appears with & delightful book of his own entitled “Actors of the Century: A Play-lover's | Gieanings From Theatrical Annals” (Bell, London). You will take notice that, unlike our | friend of last week, who discovered twen- ty-five “famous” actors living in TUnited States alone, Mr. Whyte hae chosen & most modes! for his book — a title, indeed, that i an undervaluation of treated. Kemble, Mrs. jand, end of these treats, Of the six eras into Wwhich, for conven- or divides the M When ble (Mrs. (18%0-1814) Sarah Kem opened ould look of triumph— st bitter and had used r ed pow but wit vince peopl Walpel s0 and ing allowed t Muse, inscribing of her S were scope He ranged in profession by 1509 ount of Grat- terford in that and recorded his giving effec arising out WHYTE’S of the Contury tions from one tone and feeling to an- other, in propriety and novelty of action, presenting a succession of striking plc- tures and giving perpetually fresh shocks of delight and surprise, it would be aiffi- cult to single out a competitor.” In| Richard I1I1,” *Othello,” Jago and Sir| Gil Overrcach, he proved himself equally great; indeed, there can be little | doubt that with the possible exception of Garrick he was the greatest actor that has ever trodden English boards. But he could do nothing in comedy; he lacked Garrick’s versatility, and he lacked also t mastery over himself and that ro- t common sense which brought to Gar- wealth, friends and happiness. Poor ! his first, his worst and his last | e brandy bottle. ! the theatrical scepter | passed to Macready, already well known for his perfc ce of Virginfus in Sheri- | dan Knowles' bombastic tragedy of lha!" name. Macready seems to have been a better man than he was an actor, with a literary sense rare in the actor's profes- * “Richelieu” | great plays, but | wptible and they owe | y as they o to Lyt- to elevate his profes- he had the good sense age of 68, when sion of his powers. aid of him, as of so t superfluous lagged the r the stage. re is little of interest in the person- of Phelps, wi kept Shakespeare at Sadler’'s Wells from 1847 to 1862. His limitations are easily discerned when we remember that Bottom was his best | impersonation. Yet he dld a good work | in presenting a lc series of Shakes- pearean play ape and at prices | =0 moderat t the poorest laborer 1d afford & seat in the pit. As Pro- r Morley = “It is hard to say how m n who have had few advant- n must in thelr minds and ages of e characters strengthened and refined be when they are made accustomed to this ertainment.” To Phelps this is indebted, for his com- n! the prototypes for those 1 stage perscnages in Mr. Pin- of the Wells. Tom eneral utility man at Mrs. Telfer is not un- who was for some lessee with Phelps. brings us naturally to the decade. » Tom Robertson shone as | light in the theatrical firm- h the Bancrofts as his satellites. tson! 1f ever a man had | out upon a *"monstrous, vain, unprofitable world” it was he. Sardou, Sudermann and Pinero his, plays ! and woetully il- they were written | things done since ty and timidity of | anagers made his life one long hope red that maketh the heart sick; : at last success came, thanks to the nce and courage of one woman, Marie Wilton (now Lady Bancroft), the sands of Robertson’s life were about run out The era of Irving—from 1570 to the pres- hat is merely a rough classifi- te acknowledges. Dur- of this period Irving | reigned supreme; but he had nothing but the old plays lo . It ie true he made several courageous attempts to put Tennyson on | the stage, but taken as a whole these at- yere a failure. With the new movement represented by the plays of ro, Jones and Phillips Sir Henry Irv- has had nothing to do. Of many of actors whom these plays have made— Hare, Forbes Robertson, George nder—Mr. Whyte gives interesting And, oh, such beautiful pictures s lavished upon his book! Every- were body, from Mrs. Siddons to Mrs. Patrick Campbell, is there. it From such richness hard to pick out the richest, but I k my favorite i& the lovely portrait of Ellen Terry as Imogen. This picture you understand what Du Maurier e wrote of Trilby: *“She ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. City. Bonanzals | weather at sea, to mining, a sud- idening of a pay- sful enterprise, ¥ Americans to min- | BCOTCH SLOGAN—Subscriber, Gold | Run, Cal. The Scotch siogan or rallying cry has not been set to music for repro- cuction on the piano. | MEN NEED NOT TRY-8., City. The| need not try when women | to Euripides, a Greek lived B. C. 450-406. THEE XILLING OF HERRICK—Sub-| scriber, City. Willlam Herrick, cashier of & branch of the Bavings Union in San | Francisco was shot and killed at his desk by William Fredericks, in an at- tempt io steal money from the bank. UFFRAGE—E. M., City. It| 1lth of December, 18%, that ge in Idaho became an ac- ct. At the election the of- wed that the amendment votes for and t. not received & majority of case w 10 the Supreme Court of the | State, which on the day named decided | that it had carried. THE ROSETTA STONE—M. B. ., Oak- land, Cal. The so-called Rosetta stone was discovered by a French officer of engineers in 17% in an excavation made @t Fort Julien, near Rosstta, & city on the west bank of :ne old Balbitic branch of the Nile, about four miles above the mouth of the river. It is of black basalt, sbout three and a half feet long by two and & half in width, and has upon its face the tri i on in the hiero- yphic, demotic or enchorial and Greek whose ald a key was ob- tal 10 the interpretation of the anclent hieroglyphs. It was set up 19 years be- fore the birth of Christ. PAWN BROKER'S SIGN—S., City. The three balls used by pawn brokers as a | slgn were originally the arms of the Med- jct family, the earliest and most import- | ent money lenders of Lombardy. The | Aver emagne, giant Mugelio, whose club, three iron beils upon 1t, he trophy and in com: the family eadopted the as its arms. years, $15; for fourteen years, $30. On filing each caveat, $10. On every appli- cation for the reissue of a patent, $30. On | filing each disclaimer, §10. For certified | of patents and other papers | pt, ten cents per hundred words; | tified copies of printed patents, ve cents; for uncertified copies of printed patents, ten cents. For recording every assignment, agreement, power of attorney or other paper of three hundred ‘words or under, $1; of over three hundred &nd under one thousand words, $2; of ovar one thousand words, $3. For copies of tl!lr;awlngs, the reasonable cost of making em. e PERSONAL MENTION. W. H. Wescott of Sketchikan, Alaska, is topping at the Grand. He is here for a n.horltl‘-uy preparatory to returning to the nort! George J. Apple, D. McGillvery, Mrs. C. Spencer and Miss v Douglas, who are interested in mining and business ventures in Dawson, are registered at the Grand Hotel. Mr. Apple and Mr. McGliilvery will return to Dawson in a few weeks. William Brennan, formerly in charge of the cafe of the Rainier-Grand Hotel iIn Seattle, Wash., arrived yesterday in San Francisco and registered at the Russ House. Mr. Brennan will take charge of the cafe at the Russ In the course of the next week. Mrs. W. H. Rice, Miss Mary E. m:.{, Miss Anna B. Rice and Philip Rice, wl are prominent residents of the Hawalian Islands, arrived in the city yesterday from the southern part of the Stgte and are sojourning at the Occidental Hotel. They will leave in a few days for their island home. e e —— | CALIFORNIANS IN NEW YORK. NEW YORK, Jan. 5—The foliowing| Californfans are in New York: Mrs. Ash- ley, at the Victoria; W. F. Leistier, at the | Broadway Central; J. C. Harron, at the | Imperial; H. M. Levington, at the Nor-| mandle; H. Thorn, at the Victoria; F. Laengford, at the Hoffman; R. E. Noble, at the Grand Union—all from San Fran- cisco; H. Evers Jr., at the Ashland, from Oakland. ————————— AMUSEMENTS. Grand Opera-house—'‘Nell Gwyn.” Alheambra—*'0ld Jed Prouty."” Alcazar—*"Nell Gwynne." Columbia—'"The Belle of New York." Orpheum—Vaudeville. Ol ‘:-.mn-mmm-uw- jes. Fischer's—Vaudeville. Metropolitan Temple — rpots mple — Henschel Recltale, TUnion Coursing Park—Coursing. California Jockey Club (Oakland)—Races to- e —— Avmxi_u_ut... b oy R A | PUBLICATION OFFICE.. THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, JANUARY 6, 1901 Call, JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor. Address All Communications to W. S, LEAKE, Manager. e Seeeetettieteiiiiiiiiiicciesieis sessesrsessnse ssseseassss o« Market and Third, S8an Francisco <EB UNIVERSITY NEEDS. O OTHER thing is more important to the State than the education of its people. Higher education in this country is provided, like common school training, at the public expense. \ European authorities ascribe the rapid progress of the United States to the general educa- tion of our people. Trained minds in all departments of trade and industry produce better results than untminch The opportunity for all to be strengthened and fitted for duty being better here than abroad, it is taken as a natural consequence that we are leading the world. : : The American system of State universities is a powerful agent in this training. The States in which they exist take a just and proper pride in their maintenance, and where they flourish there is found, in business and the professions, a well-trained citizenship. ] ’ljhe.se considerations affect California, and should impress the Legislature. Our State Uni- versity, in its work and number of students on its rolls, has flourished exceedingly. The found- ing here of Stanford University has demonstrated that there is work enough to tax the energies and resources of both, and that each is helped by the presence of the other. But the resources of the State University are inadequate to the demand upon them. It has the second largest enrollment of students in the United States. Its increase of attendance in ten years 1s 400 per cent, while its increase in revenues for that period is only 70 per cent. Every year it struggles with a deficit which has to be made good by some painful abridgment of its work, or be carried on in a constant accumulation which will finally, like compound interest, eat up its whole endowment. In this emergency the institution appeals to the people and the Legislature. It asks an in- crease of $100,000 per annum in its income. It is proposed to do this by an increase in the State’s cherge for granting articles of incorporation and by a tax to equal amount on foreign cérporations doing business in the State, and by a direct inheritance tax on real estate. In our judgment the only objection will lie against limiting the inheritance tax to real estate. The reason given for it is that the Federal Government levies a war tax on the inheritance of personalty, and not on real estate, which is therefore free for the purpose proposed. The Federal war revenue law is, at its worst, but a temporary measure, and its imposition may cease very soon. But even granting its permanency, a small university tax on both real and personal inheritance will be felt less and will cause less antagonism than a larger burden placed on realty alone. Besides the possible consti- tutional objection that a tax on realty alone would be discrimination against a form of property, the owner of realty may well claim that he is being dealt with unequally and may make his objection felt by the Legislature. Real estate cannot evade taxation. 1t cannot be sequestered at assess- ment time. Its locus cannot be changed. Being fixed and immovable it has to sustain its burden of taxation. While this is true, it is notorious that personalty, being mobile, capable of sequestra- tion, nowhere is subjected toits share of taxation. It is exposed in full only once in each gen- .eration, and.that is when it goes through the probate court in its transfer from the dead to the liv- ing. Then it must appear as moneys and credits, stocks and bonds, jewels and objects of art. Caught at that point of transfer it cannot evade taxation and may properly pay for its past evasions by yielding up a tax to suppert university education. An exemption of estates appraised at $10,000 or less would be proper, and so might be a graduation of the tax as the value of the estate rises. This suggestion is made also in view of the fact that an increase of $100,000 per annum in the university revenues will not long suffice. At the present rate of increase in the attendance the necessary outgo of the institution will soon overtake it, and it will find itself again just where it is now. Therefore only good will be done if the additional revenue should be found in excess of present demands, for it could be added to the invested endowment, with the privilege of future withdrawal as capital and use as income. The people deal in a liberal and enlightened spirit with educational institutions, as was proved by their decisive vote to strengthen Stanford University. They will not fail to in- dorse wise liberality toward the State University. RAILROAD AND PEOPLE T IS like the opening of a new epoch for the presidency of the Southern Pacific to pass to a stranger. The original builders of the roads composing the system retained its management and presidency until the last of them passed away. In that respect it differs from any other rail- road in the United States. Indeed, it seemed for years as though these forcible men had estab- lished a business dynasty, that would long reign over the enterprise they founded. They were identified in many ways with California, and had accumulated here the friend- ships and the enmities of long lives. Suddenly, with the death of Mr. Huntington, all this long control ceased, and a new presi- dent comes to the State, a stranger, though no stranger to the railroad world. His reception is pleasant, our people are glad to see him, and to know his ideas of the prop- erty he is to operate and of its relation to the welfare of the commonwealth. His idea has been expressed in an interview, in which he said: “How will I run the South- ern Pacific Railroad—as a railroad or a political machine? Why, as a business proposition most assuredly. The road will cater to the people first; last and all the time, and no discrimination will be shown; but I shall never forget that my first duty is to the stockholders of the railroad. A rail- road can subserve the interests of the people and at the same time be a money-making prop- osition. These two things I shall endeavor to do as long as I am president of the Southern Pacific.” That is a well-balanced statement and has a rugged tone that will be appreciated. The old days have passed away. The entry of the Santa Fe into the State has increased railroad facilities, and the two systems have it in their power, by proper co-operation with the peo- ple and proper encouragement of production, to increase business up to their joint capacity. President Hays will find It necessary to remove the impression which exists East that Cali- fornia transportation is a bar to the settlement and development of the State. Whether right or wrong, that impression is widespread, and is an incubus upon our progress. Another thing needed is a more general advertisement of California railroads in Eastern cen- ters. It is almost impossible to find, in hotels and other places where men congregate, any infor- mation about our railroads. Their limited trains are supplied with literature which is seen only by those who are going out of the State, or by those already embarked to come into it. That us-e of the economic, scenic and industrial literature of California has but little good effect. Eastern northern and southern railroads use hotels, reading-rooms and other places of public resort for thé dissemination of literature. California railroads are interested in the winter tourist travel, but information about our re- sorts is not circulated by them off their trains. The summer and winter resorts in the Southern States from Virginia to Florida are adver- tised everywhere in the East by the southern railways and the Plant system. A tourist can find in any hotel descriptions of every resort from the White Sulphur Springs to the St. Johns River with hotels and rates and the railroad fare. While President Hays is looking over his new field, ir; which The Call wishes him a continuance of that remarkable success he has had heretofore, he may well devote some attention to this subject. C]eveland. has been telling the Democrats what they should do in the way of amending their policy, and Harrison has been giving something of the same kind of advice to Republicans; so it looks as if the two would like to get back into the ring and show the boys what veterans can do. : —_—— % A recent student of affairs in Georgia says that wherever a cotton factory has been es- tablished in the State the Democratic majority has been reduced; and thus we see how one im- provement brings about another. —_—_— Nowthlttheétormshzvehel;iedmtogetfidofthefiglymadmge;ousadverfising fences, n oo 5 Lt e = - ¥ # 7/m‘1'qna LAW OF Is Only Gleory BY FRANK SHORT. HE reader who peruses this article for the purpose of being enlightened on the intricacles and subtleties of international law will be disap- pointed for two reasons; first, for the reason that the writer is not suffi- ciently versed in this supposed branch of legal learning to discourse with even ap- | parent wisdom thereon, and the further reason that there Is really no such thing in a legal sense. International law is only a fine spun theory as to what the law should be if there was such a thing as international law and a tribunal to en- force it. That international law exists only as a mafter of theory, raetoric and declama- | tion is an assertion capable of easy dem- onstration. It has been a matter solemnly discussed and ostentatiously paraded for | thousands of years and during that umwi has been about as efficient a force for the | protection of the world and its Inhabitants es the turtle created by the Egyptian astronomers to sustain the world in its accustomed place. A law that cannot be enforced and has no power to enforce it | | s more frequently resorted to as an ex- { cuse or justification than to redress a| wrong. International law was promul- | gated by the powecful for the powerful, | | and it has been used ten times as a jus- tification for an outrage or an aggression where It has been asserted once success- fully to repress a wrong or punish an in- terpational crime. Nothing more or less | could be expected where the only court to hear or decide any case is the country directly interested; sitting as its own judge, jury and executioner. The few in- tances of agreed arbitration only prove he rule in all other cases. Even in cases of arbitration the natlon is only bound in | honor to comply with the award. No power can compel an arbitration or en- force its award uniess the aggrieved na- tion is strong enousk to do so and in such a case no arbitration is necessary. If any person should seriously assert that the people of the world only needed !a theoretical law for their government and control and no court was required to interpret and decide and enforce the law | he would at once be rated a lunatic or a most dangerous type of anarchist. Yet nations are only combinations of in- ¢ividuals and crowds will do what in-| | gividuals will not and we have law and | | enforcement of the law for the Xndi\'idual‘i { but never for the combination of indi- viduals called nations. | It can hardly be supposed that law en- | forced against nations was never thought to be right or necessary, but the difficulty, | at first the impossibility, of its establish- ! ment and enforcement alone prevented it, | and the world by long observance became | accustomed to the absence of law between | nations. So much accustonied to it, in fact, that we hear no end of speaking | | and prating about the theory of the law, but no intimation about something real, | efficient and powerful for the protection | of mankind. An international congress | meets and solemnly provides for some | pretentious but wholly inefficient pro- | cedure that may be respected or ignored | | and the congress adjourns and the world | | sets up the joss and goes merrily on In | the old, old way. The so-called court is { about as efficlent to prevent, restain or punish national crimes and outrages as the spice scented breezes of Morocco to | raze the stormproof walls of Gibraltar. It | would seem that after all the centurles | that have passed and the general dissemi- nation of learning and respect for right and justice and the close commurication between nations we ought soon to see the end of all this reign of international an- | archy and the establishment of law and | order among the nations as well as the individuals of the world. People have never ceased to dream of | universal peace, and now and then a hope- | ful cessation of war has appeared when cannons ceased to roar and the sword sought its sheath, but always to return again with increased vigor. Kings were formerly charged as being responsible for most wars, but during the present genera- tion the people have more often forced the rulers into war than they have been led to war by rulers. While there is not to-day a real war in progress in the world, there never | was a greater absence of peace or a greater prevalence of the horrors of war. | If this statemept iIs correct—and we do not think .it will even be attempted to | be denied—there is a more immediate and pressing demand than ever before for some efficient ways and means to put an | end to such a useless and wholly degrad- ing_condition. : | War is, and always has been, awful be- vond description. The most terse and sat- actory description of it was produced hen General Sherman sald “War is hell.” But in other days and times even war has had some attributes to relieve it in part of its horrors and malignity. Muci inspiring bravery, ambition, love of home and country, and pride of an- cestry and devotion to principle. While war has undoubtedly done vastly more | harm than good, looked at for such char- | acteristics, no doubt even war has done | much to strengthen, elevate and refine | mankind. Many a youth has been spurred | to ambition by the stories of Alexander, Caesar and Napoleon, and inspired to far better things by Leonidas, Horatius, Ar- minjus, Charles Martell and Washington, by Thermopylae, Marathen, Marston Moor and Bunker Hill. Is there in progress to-day any war, or anything resembling war, that calls for the admiration of this generation or the emulation of succeeding generations? Each and every war in progress in the world to-day was inspired, instigated or continued by commercialism, where strength judging of its own alleged wrongs or rights and interests demands and recelves or forcibly takes its own measure of other peoples’ goods, chattels and possessions. The British In Africa. The Americans in the Philippines. The allied powers in China; the latter having some reason for being there, but no ex- | cuse whatever for what they are doing there. Trying to preserve the “integrity"” of Chira, a Lilliputian task compared with | a like effort to preserve the “integrity” of the allied powers as they slaughter the guilty and the innocent. Permitting soldiers to rob homes, to reward the pros- titutes; destroying the tombs of the dead and the arts, treasures and sclentific ap- pliances of the' living. Is it admirable, {is it Christian, is it human, is it even war? To dignify any one of the contests going on to-day as war would be about as preposterous as to describe a mastiff with a mouse in its mouth as engaged in a dog fight. To Indulge in the thought that so long as {rresponsible power may arbitrarily de- cide for both parties the right or wrong ef a controversy, lieve, and believe honestly, that wars pro- duce prosperity, wealth and ultimately benefits even to the vanquished. I re- spectfully dissent. The world has ad- vanced, become more civilized and wealth has accumulated, not by wars, but in spite of wars. When the Prince of Peace was born war undisturbed in fact or in theory had held undisputed sway on earth for more than 4000 years, but at the moment of his birth peace pre: any real justice? Had !t given it even comparatively great wealth? There would have been no lost arts, no forgotten sci- ences, no wasted literature had the world not tolerated international a and recognized as legitimate betw ations the same acts that are plain felonles be- tween individuals. The' wealth accumu- lated by one generation has but furnished fuel for the bonfires of the next tion when at war. An interns T might not end all war, as law and courts do not end all crimes, but would immeas- surably lessen the numbers and horrors of crimes. Teach and practice liberty and equality and administer justice and you ease science, art, literature and h. he present century opened as an ideal one for liberty, equality, democracy and It has secen more of th things all p zed t centuries. but has added m art and liter centuries; not re to Inv e than an Iy this, but it vealth than any pre- vious five centuries i Its ideal was lib duced character, en wealth. Let the id ¢ th country be the same ans the re follow and continue, but let our !deals commercialism or, as Mr. proudly says, rkets,” character and thrift will decrease and in- dustry and wealth will diminish. This country was founded more in the spiri of liberty, equali nd democracy tha any other. Ina le century it has pr duced more wealth than any other one na- tion or race of people has ever produced n all time. We make a mistake when we overlook the responsive effect of a natlonal policy or enterprise on individual character. Ona fllustration proves the whole case. Our fathers In unselfishness labored to found and did found a true democracy respect- ing the rights, liberties and equalities of all citizens. Every citizen was an equal part of his country, proud of her origin. loyal to her principles, proud of her stand- ing and jealous of her reputation. Ev real man had not only the right but the incentive to work: he felt it a duty and a privilege to improve sist in advancing le: literature; not only this, but to improva those dependent upon him, to make him- self and them wor to be citizens of a great and free cou Y. Startling as the results have been, they are natural ¢ he causes and the natural T . While these things 1 for the individual, the nations of the world, with relation to e ! archy and p any interna law is concerned or any real controlling power. ‘Who can y thoughttully and truthfully ly of na- tions anywr g thout might is se- cure or defenseless liberty is anywhers eafe. If national right is not secure, if national liberty is not safe—and it is not— it ought to be made so. There 1s, there can be, but one remedy, and this has never been tried or seriousiy attempted, and this !s to establish inter- national law that is law, and establish a tribunal to enforce the law. The man who would object to such a procedure would object to a law protecting the individual in his person or in his property. To accomplish this result would require between the nations, or a suffiglent num- ber of them to enforce the court’s author- ity, a treaty establishing a court with jurisdiction, pewer and authority to Which a nation, big or little, could go with its complaint, have its adversary sum- moned into court, that each party might have its hearing and its day in court. In the meantime the court could restrain by injunction violations of its orders and compel obedience to its final decrees. All nations standing pledged by treaty to respect, enforce and executs all of fts orders and decrees. Such a court could and would have pre- vented all, or a great part of all, the trouble and horrors that have occurred in China, including injustices occurring for a long series of years; would have set- tled justly all controversies in South Af- rica; would have prevented the war with Spain, or in any event would have prompt- ly adjudicated our rights in the Philip- pines and saved all the loss of lifs, ex- pense and trouble that we have had thera, Only an international pirate or freebooter would or could object to such a tribunal. The detafls of its creation, jurisdiction and powers could only be arrived at after careful consideration by the best minds in the world. It would be the greatest and most honorable tribunal that ever existed or could ever be created. Its suggestion s nothing intangible or theoretical; the necessity for it is obvious; the good it would do is incalculable. Law and fus- tice go hand in hand. The world has tried thousands of years of absence of law or restraint between natifons. It has seen an equal number of years of controversy, war and injustice. The Caliph Omar at Alexandria sent up in smoke the accumu- lated learning of centuries: the Count von Waldersee permits, 2000 years almost after the coming of Christ, the accumulated art and learning of the oldest existing civilfe zation to be scattered ‘and destroyed. If a strong man should hold up a weak man on the highway to forcibly relleve him of his worldly goods, which the strong ona had decided were not being properly used by and were In fact of no beneflt anyway to the weak one, and if the Sheriff should happen along and command the robber to desist, he would hardly answer, “That is my business, and none of yours,” as the nations would do and are constantly do- ing. The only reason the robber does mot 80 answer is because it is the Sheriff's business as an officer of the law, and the only way nations can ever be made to cease answering in this way is to have a law on the subject and make it the busi- ness of some officer of the law, as an of- ficer of the law and of the. court, to en- force the law between nations. If England is right in South Afries, would not her rights be secure in an able and honorable court? If the Boers ars right, or have some rights, should there not be an able and an honorable court to stop the slaughter, to end the devastation and bring again to that distressed, home- less and fugitive but brave people the op- portunity for industry and the blessings of peace. No country s so powerful to- day that she might not welcome the shel- tering protection of an efficient court to- morrow. Is it not full time to stop mor- alizing, theorizing and dreaming, and to set up, ordain and establish a tribunal for the nations that shall exist in fact as well as in theory; that shall be vested with to command, restrain and bit, hear and determine all complaints and Controversies between all nations, as courts have done with individuals, cor- porations and municipalities ever since they have existed, and have required such c‘a'l.ltrol as they always have and always uire to be controlled—: o 'fl o control just as na. ways will need to be contrelled? have to ba and al-