The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, May 3, 1900, Page 6

THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, THURSDAY, MAY 3, 1900. MUNICIPAL TELEPHONES. THURSDAY. ... " JOHN D. SPRECKELS, Proprietor fedress Al Communications to W. §. LEAKE, Manage: PUBLICATION OFFICE..Market and Third, 8. F. | Telephone Main 1868, EDITORIAL Telephone Maln 1874, Delivered by Carriers, IG5 Cents Per Week. Single Coples, 6 Cents. Terms by Mall, Including Fostage: Sunday). one year. $8.00 3.00 .80 DAILY CALL—By esc EUXDAY CALL One Year.. 1.50 WEEKLY CALL Ons Year, 1.00 All postmusters are authorized to recelve sabseriptions. Sample copies Wil he forwarded whep requested OAKLAND OFFICE. NEW FORE CORR C. C. CARLTON....... NEW YORE STEPHEN B. SMITH L1118 Broadway SPONDENT: PRESENTATIVE: ..:30 Tribune Building EWS STANDS: House; P. O. News Co.; Greai Northern Hotel: h-=1-—-; Anditorium Hotel. NEW YORK NEWS STANDS: ‘Waldorf-Astoris Hotel, A. Brectano, 31 Unlon Square Murray Hill Hotel WASHINGTON (D. C) OFFICE MORTON £ CRANE, Correspohdent. OFFICES— 27 Montgomery, eorner of Clay, oped &otil 9:30 c'clock. 800 Hayes. 1841 Mission, open until 10 o'clock 2261 Market, cormer Sixteenth, open untll § o'clock 1096 Walencia, open until § o'clock. 106 Elevesth, open until % oclock NW. corper Twenty-second and Kentucky. open uotll $ o'cloek. e — AMUSEMENTS. Columbla—“The Floorwalkers. Tivoli—*“The Wigard of the Nile.” Grand Opera-bouse—"'In Gay New York. Alcazar—"Sue.™ California—*'A Gilded Fool.”" Orpheum—Vaudeville. = Olympia, corner Mason and Eddy streets—Specialties. Chutes, Zoo and Theater—Vaudevilie every. afternoon and oven'ng Fiecher's Concert House—'“La Travista.'’ s PavilionDog Ehow. Excursion to Santa Cruz Mountains, Saturday, May 5. El Campo—Danc: bowling, fishing, etc., every Sunday. Oakland Racetrack—Reces 10-da; " AUCTION SALES. y Chas. Levy—This day, &t 11 ¢ ok, O Plants, at Market street By & Doyle—Monday, May 7, at 11 o'clock, Horses, &t corner velfth and Harrison streets HAND-ME-DOWN POLITICS. \ R. WILLIS J. ABBOTT, who is widely ad- )i \ vertised and justly celebrated as the press i the Bryan Democratic National i the p h he s reafter to be known ar Republican League,” he Presidency tiorm, on wh will gold and silver as standard restricted coinage and equal plank, however, will con- ving clause admitting that the gold stan- ying power. a qua fixed upon the nation for a period, and that a. 1estion is therefore in this campaign orcible territc al aggrandizement nor ndependence for the Filipinos, aggression v r n by United States. 3. The restoration of the great Americanism of Washingtoen, Jefierson and Lincoln, with its old-time | Americ dependence, and the dethronement of the little Americaniss McKinley, Hanna and Roose- velt under the protectorate of English Toryism. owners instances where it shall be shown that ‘the public can thereby be best protected from private monopoly graduated income tax. “6. The i itiative and referendum. < on the Republican currency law and & demand that the nation, not the banks, shall issue money. “8. Civil service reform and a denunciation 8f the record of the McKinley administration as a shameless surrender to and extension of the spoils system. “0. A warning against the surrender of the republic to commercialism and the supplanting of government “by, of and for the people,” by an oligarchy.” These issues, all ready-made, will be seen to ex- actly tally with the Democratic platform forecast by Bryan and Altgeld. "Mr. Abbott admits, in advance. for the Silver Republicans that the gold standard settled, and subordinates that issue. But if the gold An 2 standard is the parents and the grandparents of such gigantic evils Bryan foresaw in 1896 and predicts now, why subordinate that issue to any other? There is ¢ one answer. The gold standard can- | not be successfully assa wast majority of the people. d. It is supported by a In establishing it by law the Repubiican party has simply responded to the de- mands of the peopie. If it were the crime these Popu listic politicians have been mouthing about it should not be subordinated to anything, and they should smite it by night and by day until it is overthrowa. Planks 2 and 3 are flapdoodie. Anti-expansionists see in the second no expression of their policy. In- dependence and protection zre not compatible. No nation under the protectorate other is indepen- Plank dent 4 15 socialism and communism, bodily. Public ownership is state- communism, and nothing eise. As for plank 3. it requires an amendment to the constitution. unless we choose to adopt the expedient of levying a direct tax to be collected by the States, which can lay it on incomes if they choose. Any State that wants it can have an income tax, for it is not prohibited to them. The Federal Governnient cannet have an income tax, because the power to Jevy it is not gramted to that Government. Plank 6 is the urim and thummntim, the alpha and omega, the marrow and skin of Populism Number 7 is the greent biood in this political mongrel. The cighth plenk is an abandonment of the denunciation of civil service reform in the Chicago platform. As for the ninth, it is like a warning not to_surrender the re- | public to the fishes that swim in the sea. Our people will continue to toil and spin, and sow and reap and gather into barns. These platform car- penters who live by politics may see in.that an oli- garchy, but their food and raiment would get very infrequent if the people were not at work in commerce to produce the wherewithal upon which the workers feed as well as the non-producing drowes, like Bryan. ROOMS. ...217 to 221 Stevemson St.| Herald Square | rdinated to others of paramount im- | The removal of protective duty from | cts which enter into trust monopolies; public | lution for the acqui n of a municipal tele- phone system, to be operated by underground conduits -and to accommodate fiity thousand sub- scribers 3 |- I “HE Board of Supervisors is considering a reso- By i this we assyme that proposals from private parties, The resolution invites bids on such a system. | contractors for such construction, arg asked for, and | that when these are at hand the Supervisors will con- sider the ways and means for securing the sum neces- sary to comstruct and install the system. The people, by adopting the new charter and in the several elections incident to and following that act, | have seemed to indorse municipal ownership of pub- | lic ‘utilities, not once, but repeatedly. 1, Heretofore such ownership has been limited by its { advocates to what are called natural | such as supply the nccessaries of existence, as water iand light | The extension of the system to telephones, street | cars and like utilities projects it beyond its original people have’ to use water and light, but 1 people do not have to use street cars and tele- hones. | | pl | But in some form all people have to pay taxes. | The man who rents a house is a taxpayer through his | | rent. If we have a municipal telephone system its acquisi- tion cuts two ways into the taxpayer. The money to Wellington Hotel | acquire it—and a 50,000 subscriber system will cost a | Quincy railway system (who has | large amount—must. be contributed by the taxpayers. It is their contribution of so much dead capital. If erty“in ‘a telephone system the contribution of the taxpayers is doubled, since they must not only give the money to create the municipal system, which will | be nog-taxable property, but they must make good | the taxation lost on the gorporate system which is displaced. It will be seen that the taxpayers are really contributing the value of both systems, the one created and the one obsoleted. It must be remembered, too, that this is to secure to municipal ownership, at the expense of all the tax- payers, a utility that only a part of the taxpayers will | use, or need to use part use the telephone. Grant that the use will he cheapened to those who require it, the economy they | payers. In effect the property of the many who pay {taxes will be taken without compensation for the | benefit of the few who use the telephone. Under the proposed system one-sixth of our present population is to be accommodated by’ a municipal telephone at cheaper rates, at the expense of the five-sixths who | will not use the telephone and do not require it. plan—the quality of the service to be rendered—there may well be doubts of its efficiency or its improve. ment upon what we have. The existing service is far from satisfactory, but no farther than any service that is rendered by ‘Government. The city government cannot keep the streets clean, nor properly sprinkled. tory and sanitary dispos It cannot make a satisfac- tion of the daily waste and offal, requived by our population. It does not prop- erly pave nor thoroughly light our streets | constant subject of crit ism for its shortcomings in all of these respects and in others which we have not enumerated. What assurance have we, then, that the extension of its operations to the administration of a telephone system will supply a satisfactory service? The law which appears in all Government activities is that the more these activities are multiplied the weaker is the administration. In what seems to be its natural place, government was intended to do a few things which are beyond the capacity of the individual. | These few collective activities are mostly embraced | within the exercise of police powers These cover sanitation, keeping the peace, protection of person | and property. Government being designed for these | | stronger for their administration by compelling it to | run telephones and street cars, or invade at any point the field naturally dedicated to individual activity. { It is a matter of common observation that when a | business man dilutes his attention by diverting it to The common saying is that he has got his feet too wide apart, and soon he splits from chine to chin. There is no sorcery that protects government from | the same fate, if it embark upon like diversity of ad- | venture. | There has just been organized under the laws of | New Jersey a corporation known as the Cuba Com- | pany, with a capital stock of $8,000,000. William C. | Whitney, Levi P. Morton, John W. Mackay, James J. Hill and a number of men of that kind compose the stockholders, so we may as well consider Cuba anneded. A AN EXPLANATION NEEDED CIRCULAR Jetter issued by the League of National Associations sets forth certain state- ments concerning the Senate Committee on | Interstate Commerce, which reflect severely upon a majority of the members of the committee, and com- ing as they do from a reliable source, are too impor- tant to be ignored. The league, acting for a number of the largest national associations in the country, has | been engaged in urging the passage of the Cullom bi | amending the interstate commerce act in a manner desired by the Interstate Commission itself and by the leading industrial and commercial organizations ‘, the Union. With the proposed amendment the public is fairly familiar, its object being to clothe the commission with authority and power to act ef- fcctively and promptly in protecting shippers against excessive charges, unfair discriminations and other cifenses committed by the transportation companies against the public welfare. - The league charges that the Cullom bill was intro- duced on January 12 of this year, and on the same y was referred to the Interstate Commerce Com- mittee. A request for a hearing was made by the representatives of the league, but it was not until January 26 that a2 quorum of the committee could be got together. A full hearing was not granted three weeks later, that a quorum again assembled. After a session of one hour and a half the committee adjourned to February 20, leaving the matter unset- tled. . | At that time,” says the circular, “prophecies were rife and assurances offered from every side that no meassure would be zllowed to leave the committee apon report which did not meet with the full approval of the associated railroads of the country. Tt was said that the railroads did not desire any amendment of the present emasculated interstate commerce law, and that the bill, No. 1430, would be delayed, through continued hearings and resolutions requiring lengthy statistical reports, until the close of the session. Our monopolies, | All use water and light; only a | will enjoy is at the expense of the whole body of tax- | Turning to another prospect that inheres in the | It is the | : | | purposes and to exercise these powers, is not made too many things, differing from each other, he fails. | immediately | at that meeting, and it was not until February 13, | only answer has been that if this be done the people shall know the facts, <o as to place the responsibility where it belongs.” The course taken by the committee after the hear- ing of February 20 appears to confirm the report as to the intention of the majority to suppress the bill. The circular of the league goes on to say that another three weeks elapsed before the committee had a quorum again, and the chairman then announced a determination to close the hearings. Three days, March 23, March 30 and April 6, were assigned for the opponents of the bill to present their views. + On the first two days the opposition made no show- | ing whatever, but on the last day “the representatives of the railroads, the only opponents of the bill, made their appearance with:a mass of testimony too voluminous to be received during the time allotted, and therefore that hearing was adjourned to April 13, when it was completed.” . Since that time every effort on the part of the | chairman to get the committee to report the bill has failed, and the league concludes that the intention to | suppress the measure “is obvious.” The circular let- | ter adds: “It may be instructive to consider the pet- sonnel of the committee to' which all legislation af- fecting transportation must go before it can even come to the attention of the United States Senate. There are: “Senator Wolcott of Colorado, general counsel of the Denver and Rio Grande Railway; | Senator Gear of Iowa, father-in-law of J. W. Blythe, | general solicitor of the Chicago, Burlington and been here for ‘ a time); Senator Lindsay of Kentucky, formerly counsel for the Louisville and- Nashville Railway; open mritil 9:30 o'clock. @30 | the system displace an equal value of corporate prop- | Senator Elkins of West Virginia, vice president of the . epen untfl $:30 o'clock. - €15 Larkin, open until | | West Virginia Central and Pittsburg Railway;- Sena- | tor Kean of New Jersey, closely allied as a capitalist | with the Pennsylvania Railway; Senator Aldrich of | Rhode Island, as closely allied with the railway and corporation interests of his section. These gentlemen (a majority of the committee) are all understood to | be violently opposed to the bill. They naturally would be. Some have not even deigned to attend the hearings upon it; others go.so far, when speaking of the railroads in committee, as to use the pronoun fme The Cullom interstate commerce bill is one of the most important measures now before Congress, and there has been a conspiracy to suppress it in com- mittee a gross outrage has been committed against public interests. The League of National Associa- tions speaks with authority, and the accused Senators will have to explain. e Senator Mason wishes the President to withdraw all United States troops from Cuba on the Fourth of July, and if the plan be carried out there will result in the island a cuction of such magnitude as to make | the celebration resound all round the world. ———— |THE HYDROPHOBIA CONTROVERSY. | S aside from learned debates on the constitution, perfervid oratory on expansion, wrangling over the seating of Quay, and gave attention to a pe- tition from 2000 citizens of Washington asking the repeal of a law now in force requiring the muzzling of dogs running at large in the District of Columbia. The petition was presented and supported by Sena- tor Gallinger, who in reply to a question whether a | repeal of the law would not leave the community ex- | posed to danger of hydrophobia, replied: “I prac- | ticed medicine thirty years and never saw a case of | hydrophobia, and I have asked a great many emi- | nent surgeons who have spent a lifetime in the hos- pitals of the United States, who said to me that they never saw a case of hydrophobia. * * * Some young scientist in Washington, for the purpose, as I believe, of self-glorification, made an examination of a dog’s brain and came to the coiiclusion that the dog had rabies. Immediately that was reported, and this | law was the result. * * * I do not believe there has been a case of rabies in the District of Columbia this year, last year, nor the year before; nor have I the least apprehension that if these poor dogs are al- lowed the freedom that man’s best friend ought to | have we will be troubled with hydrophobia as a re- | sult.” That statement at once called forth replies from Senators who had in the slack of their memories in- stances of hydrophobia. Senator Vest said: “I re- member when I was a young man T sat up with an associate who died with all the symptoms of hydro- | phobia. He was thrown into convulsions by the ap- pearance of water and barked like a dog. One of the | most celebrated surgeons of the time, Dr.. Ben Dud- | ley, pronounced it hydrophobia.” To that story Gallinger replied that “barking like a dog is not a symptom of hydrophobia and cannot be | found in any book, notwithstanding the popular lopinion that it is a sure symptom of the disease.” | Senator Wolcott cited the act of the Home Secre- tary of Great Britain, who once enforced an order [ that no dog in the United Kingdom should 20 with- | out a muzzle and that no person should be permitted L under any circumstances to bring a dog into Great EBrit:;in. “Up to that time,” said Wolcott, “there | had been the death of thousands of cattle. There had been many persons who died of hydrophobia. He | persisted in his order against all the ignorant physi- | cians and mock humanitarians and people who cared more for dogs than for human beings in the United | Kingdom, and the agony column of the Times was filled day after day with attacks upon him. But he | persisted in his order, with the result that hydro- | phobia has been absolutely stamped out in Great i Britain. * * * Only the other day we were hear- | ing of thonsands and thousands of dollars’ worth of valuable blooded cattle in the State of New Jersey | that were compelled to be killed because dogs with | hydrophobia ran with them.” * Senator Gallinger replied: “T have been delighted to hear this learned medical and scientific exposition | from the Senator from Colorado. T believe the Sen- | ator has been misinformed. T do not believe a word {of it. and T 'go on record as not believing a word | of it.” ; i OME days ago the United States Senate turned Then Senator Bacon said: “T myself lost seven or eight valuable head of cattle bitten by dogs and that ! died with every symptom of hydrophobia. Whether it is hydrophobia or not I do not know.: Certainly it | is a disease which is communicated by the bite of 2 | dog. and the animals die with the symptoms which | are generally reputed to be those of hydrophobia.” To that Gallinger scorned to reply. The petition was referred to the Committee on the District of Co- lumbia, and the Senate proceeded to unmuzzle itself | on other issues. So far as Congress is concerned, | therefore, the hydrophobia controversy remains un- | settled, and we shall probably have to take a vote of | the people on it. “ ———— "Having rebuked all other British generals for not achieving successes against the Boers, and being now unable to achieve any himself, Lord Roberts has ! doubtiéss bezun to wish he hadn't talked so much, . L R e S : B R R S S R R SRS S AP @00 ebebeDede oo THE ULTIMATUM. D e e S S e e 2 O B R R o e S T S S * & A e R I e e R T ] —An Exchange. 0903486040006 t0 4R+ 42000069000 HAY-PAUNCEFOTE TREATY AND THE NICARAGUA CANAT, HE construction and permanent maintenance of an interoceanic ea. nal across the isthmus, connecting the waters of the Atlantic and Pa- cific, is without question a matter of paramount importance. It is of vital importance not alone to the United States but to the whole maritime world. It is a matter of international importance. The Clayton-Bulwer treaty and the Hay- Pauncefote treaty contemplate that the canal, with its approaches, shall be for- | ever neutral, “in time of war as in time of peace.” In fact, all the treaties re. lating to that matter, which have been ratified between the United States and other nations, must unequivocally estab lish and maintain the “general principie’ of neutrality. All the treaties ratified be- tween the United States and the Central and South American republics relating to an interoceanic communication contain express and specific stipulations to that effect. And upon a broad and “unbiased consideration of the question it must be conceded that the neutrality of the canal, supported by the joint action of all the great maritime powers, will afford the only safeguard and protection. to the im- mense capital invested, and to the perma. nent maintenance and udlity of the great waterway. i‘ :vorl{ of such vast international im- portance can only be maintained ‘‘in time of war as in time of peace” by insuring its complete neutrality, with equal rights and pflvllegesracfiortedflvéo all the mari- owers of the world. "T(Smned canal under the control of one nation, to the exclusion of equal rights and privileges of other nations in its use, wou?d in times of war be a stand- ing invitation for an attack from the ex- cluded nation. A fortified canal would be a standing menace to the capital invested in its construction and maintenance. It would be a menace to the integrity and sovereignty of the Central American re publics, especially Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Honduras. A fortified canal would tend to make not only the canal and its approaches but the republics of Central America the arena of contending armies. Besides, if by reason of its fortification. and exclusive use by one nation, the canal should, in time of war, become a bone of contention, it would be endangered, not alone from the conflict of contendm! armies but a_few explosives, stealthily applied, would destroy its utility. But with its protection and neutrality guar- anteed by all the great maritime powers of the world, with a1ual rights and privi- Jeges accorded all, “in time of war as in time of peac it would forever remain for the interest of each nation to be vifl. lant in promoting lllu! protection and main- ing its neutrality. ‘n!i_'nl::i‘gr txzu(‘h circumstances each nation would equally hold a vested interest in the enterprise, and there could be no mo- tive on tflc part of any to violate these conditions and guarantees. But should any nation encroach upon its guaranteed rights, swift and summary punishment would 'be visited upon the malfeasor at the hands of the signatory powers. In the war between Turkey and Russia the safe- ty of the Suez canal, which was located almost wholly within the territory of one of the belligerents, was due entirciy to the fact of the joint guarantee of the European powers. Under that guarantee the sphere of operations in the war were not extended to the canal. But had it been fortitied and under the exclusive con- trol of one of the belligerents, it could scarcely have escaped destruction. A bill authorizing the Government of the United States to fortify the Nicaragua canal Is now before Congress, But does it not occur to the most casual reader that its enactment into law would be futile and of no force or effect? Under or by virtue of such an act of Congress this Govern- ment would.have neither the right nor authority to invade the sovereignty of the repubiic of Nicaragua. It would have no right or authority to ereet fortifications at the approaches of thc canal, or to ex- tend a line of fortresses through the heart of an independent republic. Under such a statute the United States would have no authority to invade the sovereign domain of Nicaragua. or to establish forts, ar- senals and military posts along the banks of the canal within the sovereign domain of that republic. Congress. unquestionably, has the constitutional authority to declare war against a foreign nation. But by what_authority can Congress ~ authorize the Governmant of the United States to invade the dominions of a foreign nation with whom we are at peace. and to estab- lish and maintain within its sovereignty forts, arsenals and military posts? The invalidity. if not imbecility, of such an act of Congress is too apparent to call for further comment, The Senate Commiitee on Foreign Relatigns, acting along the same line, has proposod an amendment to the Hay-Pauncefote treaty. ving the United States authority to fortify the in- teroceanic waterway. But should the amendment be adopted. and the treaty as amended ratified by the United States and Great Britain, this Government would still remain without the wsflfe of rlgh{} or au- thority to erect or maintain fortifications within the natural domain of Nicaragua. By what authority England give this Government the right to invade the realms of an ,hxdorndem sister republic and extend our miltary operations within its sovereign "?.om.ln? Could any one for a moment imagine that Nicaragus, by treaty or otherwige. could vest the Gov- ernment of the United States with the authority to erect fortifications at the xmug:| «)).( ma Thull::l.. ox; !|‘|e Clyde, or to cstablish and n ain fortresses, arsen- als and military posts along the banks of those rivers? Yet, the one is as legitimate he other, e fhck That Great. Britain and the ] "l‘he United Btates are powerful nations and ?c.t.rufi: a weak r’:mbuc cuts no n&':-e in the q of authority. For a na- tion, however small and weak, has all the rights of sovereignty within its domain that the most powerful' empi And rights are entitled to i e Tl S i ke St s military overations within the sovereignty respect. | into law | not " defeating. of Nicaragua. Clearly, Great Britain can give us no such authority. Nicaragua alone can vest the United States with that authority. But she has never done so. She has repeatedly refused. And pow we ate not asking Nicaragua for that right. Committee on Foreign Relations desires that we should ask the favor of Great Britain, The Hispano-American States are i of “the United And all have persistently refused suspicious and jealous States. to surrender any of their sovereignty over | F. McF., any interocean! the isthmus. On the 12th day of December. 1846, a treaty was concluded between the United States and the Republic of New Granada, now known as Colombia, or the United States of Colombia.. This was the first | ! | treaty relating to an interoceanic canal. | It was ratified, and on_the 12th day of June, 1848, proclaimed. tion the Panama (anal Company, com- posed mostly of residents of New Y Wwas organized in the city of New York, and the road was completed. But in re- turn for the concessions granted, th United States (article XXXV) aranteed the “neutrality” of the entire Isthmus of Panama and the ‘‘sovereignty” of New Granada over that territory. This treaty was concluded and ratified under the ad- | ministration of James K. Polk. In his message of February 10, 1847, communicat- ing the treaty to the Senate for its consid- eration, the Presideat said: It will be perceived by the thirty- fifth article of the treaty that New Granada proposes to guarantee to the Government and citizens of the United States the right of passage across the Isthmus of Panama, over natural roads and over any canal or railroad which may be constructed to unite the two seas, on condition that the United States make a similar guaranty to New Granada of the neutrality of this portion of the territory and her sovereignty over the same. * * * In entering inte the neutral guar- antees proposed by the thirty-fifth ariicle of the treaty neither the Government of New Granada nor that of the United States has any narrow exclusive views. * * * | the United States, as the chief of the American nations, should first become a party to this guaranty it cannot be doubted—indeed, it is confidently expected by the Gov- ernment of ew Granada—that similar guarantees will be given to that republic by Great Britain and France. * ¢ * Besides, such a guaranty is almost indispensable to the construction of a railroad or canal across that territory. Neither sovereign states nor individuals ‘would expend their capital in the construction of these expensive works without some such security for their investments. New Gra- nada is a power which will not ex- cite the jealousy of any nation. If Great Britain, Ffance or the United States held the sovereignty over the isthmus, other nations might apprehend that in case of war the Goyernment would close up the passage against the enemy, but no s ‘ears can be entertained in regard to New Granada. These views of President Polk in regard to the question of neutrality met the ap- proval of the United States Senate at that time., and were, in faet, the prevailing sentiment of the country. These views, establishing ‘“‘a general ‘principle of neu- trality”” were embodied in the Clayton- Bulwer treaty of 1850 and in the treaty between the United States and Njcaragua in 1867. They are also embodied in the Hay-Pauncefote treaty. All these treaties are in harmony with each other in estab- lishing the “‘general ‘pflnclple" of = neu- trality. And they all contemplate that the interocean communication shall be forever neutral. with equal rights and privileges accorded to all nations “in time of war as in time of pea. These treaties respectively contemplate that the protection and neutrality of any interoceanic communication shall be guar- anteed by the joint action of the great maritime powers. And we see no reason to call in_question the soundness of these views. Not only that, since the ratifica- tion of the Clayton-Bulwer ireaty Great Britain and France have entered into treaty relations with several of the Span- ish-American republics. establishing the same “‘general principle” of protection and peutrality. As early as Andrew Jackson’s administrafion there was an at- tempt to negotiate a treaty embodying the same ‘“‘general princivle’” ¢f neutrality. On March 3, 1835, the United States Senate adopted the following resolution: Resolved. That the President of the United States be respeetfully requested to consider the expe- diency of opening negotiations with the governments of Central Amer- fca and New Granada for the pur- pose of effectually protecting, by suitable treaty stipulations with them. such individuals or compa- nies as may undertake to open a communication between the Atlan- tic and Pacific oceans by the con- struction of a ship canal across the isthmus which connects North and South America. and of securing forever by such stipulations the free and equal right of navigating such canal to all nations, on pay- ment of such reascnable tolls a: may be established to compensate the capitalists who may engage in such undertaking and complete the worl. This_met the hearty approval of An- drew Jackson. and he at once took steps to otiate treaties in compliance with reen’r?mendnunm of the resolution. While invalidity of the pro;med amendment g‘the Hay-Pauncefote treaty and of the before Congress is too Nicaragua canal. They the purpose of mty)olmn.-hi.n\m Under its protec- | City. ork, | { frantic efforts to censure the present ad- ministration. But in the end, when the subject iIs better understood, there can be no question but that the sober judgment even | of the American people will approve ot the ratification of the Hay-Pauncefote But, strange to say, the Senate |treaty without the Senate amendmént. GEORGE W. LEWIS. _— ail | ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. MARTIAL LAW NOT DECLARED-—J. City. Martial law was not de- communication across | ;%l“d in Sacramento during the strike of NOT ALLOW')?I;TO Ll’\'E THERE—H. N., City. Jews are not permitted to-live in’ either St.. Petersburg or Moscow, Russia. VALUABLE SILVER DOLLAR-J. 8., A silver dollar of 1351 commands a premium of from $15 to §25, according to state of preservation. BELGIAN HAR F. 8., City. People have taken a fancy to Belgian hares very much the same as they do to canaries and other pets. Those who “raise them in large quantities” do so in order to sell them to those who desire such pets. Cal. glace fruit Sdc per Id at Townsend's.* Special Information supplied dally t> business houses and public men by the Press Cllpvl:{ Bureau (Allen’s), 510 Mont- gomery street. Telephone Main 1042 + Consul for Nicaragua. The Secretary of the Treasury has noti- fled Customs Collector Jackson that. Car- los Alberto Lacaya has been recognized as Consul General for Nicaragua at the port of San Francisco. e — The Grand Canyon of Arizona. The season is now open. Stage trip has been reduced to 2% hours. Comfortable accommoda- tions at botel. The round trip rate from Ssa Franeisco s only $55. Particulars at Sants Fe ticket office, 628 Market street. Add twenty drops of Dr. Slegert's Angos- tura Bitters to every glass of impure water you drink. CALL FOR REPUBLICAN STATE C@VENTIGN. 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