The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, April 11, 1900, Page 7

s ADVERTISEMENTS. $2600000000000000000 J. O'BRIEN & C0. 1126 Market Street, The Largest Cloak and Suit Honse in San Francisco. TAILOR-MADE SUITS, SILK CAPES, LADIES’ KID GLOVES, - e e L3 k3 $8.00; will be sold at 50 GRAY TAILOR-MADE SUITS, in all siz be sold at 30 SILVER GRAY SUITS, tailor-made; value for $12.50; will be sold $1 8t ... LADIES' COLORED SILK WAISTS; will be offered at.. LADIES' BLACK AND COLORED KID GLOVES; value for 5 $1.15 $1.75; will be sold at 50 dozen COLORED sold at ADIES’ TAIL will be sold L ODVELTY SUITS, 2t $20.00, $30.00, up to. OUR ENTIRE STOCK of PLAID DRESS GOODS will be of- FUR CAPES marked down. APES marked down UCED PRICES. ke re New GGoods Arriving Every Day! We are showing the latest styles in the following lines TAILOR-MADE JACKETS, TAILOR-MADE SKIRTS, BLACK SILK SKIRTS, SILK PETTICOATS, FEATHER BOAS, FANCY NECKWEAR, BLACK AND COLORED DRESS GOODS, LADIES’ APPLIQUE SUITS, LADIES’ APPLIQUE SKIRTS. SPECIAL BARGAINS For This Day! so BLACK AND COLORED TAILOR-MADE SUITS, MOREEN SKIRTS; value for $r.00; will in plain figures. a strictly one-priced house. STORE OPEN UNTIL 9 0'CLOCK THIS WEEK. J. O'BRIEN & C0. 1146 Market Street, Between Mason and Taylor. THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 11, 1900. SILK WAISTS, CLOTH CAPES, value for ................. s oo sss s DD es; value for $10.00; will $7.50 0.00 be 50¢ 50, value for §7. ELEC- Suits made to order; perfect fit ©00060000000000000000 A HIT | RINGS | TRUE! MR.JAMES AND COMPANY, In Thelr Tremendous Success of A BACHELOR'S ROMANCE. 4 NEILL Unanimous Praise ¥rom the Entire Press. CALIFORNIA THEATER. WILL BE ON EALB TO-MORROW. MUBICAL EVENT OF THE YEAR THE TWO GRBAT RUSSIANS IN JOINT RECITALS. The Poet of the Violin CHNIKOFF, HAMBOURG, The Young Siegfried of the Plano. AIME LACHAUME, shed Planist and Composer. AFTERNOONS, A= EBATS AT, 2:30 P. M. rved Beats—50c, SL $150, 32 GRANDS NIGHT OF Walton Tully's Suvccessful Farce, _\flphhens. , 5.5, Boston,” y Students of the University of a EVENINGS and AND EVENING. Richa "'James i, AY AFTERNOON i VAUDEVILLE ENTERTAINMEN: MINBTREL sn AN ARABIAN GIRL.” POPULAR PRICES. — FVERY NIGHT INCLUDING SUNDAY.— Matinee Saturday and Sunday. THEATER ALWAYS CROWDED, HE FAD OF THE HOUR. “QUO VADISY” EEATS SIX DAYS IN ADVANCE. PRICES—15¢, 25¢, 35¢, 50¢ NEW "WESTERN HOTEL, EARNY AND WASHINGTON modeled and renovated. KING, CO. European plsn. Rooms, Sic to §1 50 day; 8 fo 55 week. $5 to §20 month. Free baths: hot and cold waier every room: fire grates in every soom: elevalor rune | | | | | | | [ | | ! | | | warship was very |art's Dyspepsia Tablets, French Cruiser Protet, on Her Maiden Voyage, Arrives Here. RS Stopped at All the South and Central American Ports on Her Way. Is Bound for the Chinese Station. SRt The French cruiser Protet arrived in port yesterday morning and saluted the Stars and Stripes flying on Alcatraz as she passed up the bay. She is a vessel of | the latest type and is now on her maiden cruise, her destination being the China station. As she steamed up the bay the much admired, and there is sure to be a rush to see her should her commander throw her open for In- spection. The Protet 18 classed a second-class cruiser. Bhe was built of steel and| The ship Wachusetts, which left Hast- | sheathed with teak in Bordeaux and |ings Mill for Melbourne in February last, launched in 1888, but did not go into ecom- mission until June, 1899, Her armament is composed of four 16-centimeter guns, ten | 10-centimeter guns, ten 47-millimeter guns, four -millimeter guns, two torpedo tubes | and four searchlights. She is 331 feet long. 58 feet beam and her displacement is 4055 tons. Her triple expansion engines drive her at a speed of 20% knots. | The_Protet left Rochefort, France, on | 1899, and since then has stopped at io de Janeiro, Montevideo, Jun : nos Ayres and Punta Arenas; thence through the Straits of Magellan to Valpa- raiso and from there to the island of Juan Fernandez. Nearly all the crew went ashore there and visited the spots made famous by Defoe in his ‘“Robinson Cru- | soe” adventures. From Juan Fernadez the Protet went to Coquimbo, Iquique, Callao, Guayaquil, HEART DISEASE. Some Facts Regarding the Rapid In- crease of Heart Trouble. | Heart trouble, at least among the Americans, is certainly increasing and while this may be largely due to the ex- citement and worry of American business life, it is more often the result of weak stomachs, of poor digestion. Real organic disease Is incurable; but not one case in a hundred of heart trou- ble is organie. { The close relation between heart trouble and poor digestion s because both or- | gans are controlled by the same great nerves, the Sympathetic and the Pneu-! mogastric. In another way also the heart is af- fected by the form of poor digestion, which causes gas and fermentation from | half digested food. There is a feeling of | oppression and heaviness in the chest | caused by pressure of the distended stom- ach on the heart and lungs, interfering | with their action: hence arises palpita- | tion and short breath. Poor digestion also poisons the blood, | making it thin and watery, which irri-| tates and weakens the heart. | The most sensible treatment for heart | trouble is to improve the digestion and | to insure the prompt assimilation of food. | This can be done by the regular use af- | tcr meals of some safe, pleasant and ef- | fective digestive preparation, like Btu- | may be | found at drug stores, and which contain | valuable, harmless digestive elements in a {nleusan\. convenlent form. | t is safe to say that the regular, per- sistent use of Stuart's Dyspepsia Tablets | at meal times will cure any form of stom- | RCR trouble except cancer of the stom- | ach. 1 EECHAM’S El q PILLS { 4 MATINEE TO-DAY (WEDNESDAT), April 11. are the best and safest ‘ oZargust, o any seat; Balcony, le; Chil- EoRer o /acomety ¢ FAMILY MEDICINE %fgigi%}s?;‘}“” g al“ of for all | MAT 'S ana HARRIS: 7 psur- | eips commatiimns ! pumd|f BILIOUS AND 4| CARSIS BERE. g ovilfil"flfle- ;N[RVOUS DISORD[RS' L- GUILLE » 10 cents and 25 cents—Druggists. COLUMBIA 3 Bvery Night, including Sunday—Matinee Eat. FIRST PART. we K. West’s BiG 0 HITS! Minstrel NUMBERS. . B i NUMBERS. unt ee 4 ==70== | |orEAT FiRsT PART: H 70== Here’ he 18 BIG WINNERS. run :0?' ;::r mn{;‘.’ SPECIAL PRICES—25¢, 35¢, 50c. 75¢, $I. *TIVOLI» A PRONOUNCED ARTISTIC, A MUSICAL SUCCESS!! Balfe’s Beautiful Ballad Opera, T2 BOREMIAN GIRL EVERY EVENING. MATINEE SATURDAY. EPECIAL!'-NEXT WEEK—SPECIAL!! Frank Daniels’ Great Comic Opera, “THE WIZARD OF THE NILE” Popular Prlces—-— - 25¢ and 50e¢. Teaphers Beth 6. OLYMPIA &2 COR. MASON THE ONLY FREE VAUDEVILLE SHO' N THE CITY. yi THE BLACK BARTONS, The Biggest Hit of the Season. ALICE RAYMOND, America’s Greatest Cornetist. THELMA WINFIELD, First Appearavce of the Celebrated Violinist TRIXEDA, Last Week of This Marvel of Beauty.. MLl!.‘E. THELMA, Poses Plastiques. And Our_Celebrated Stock Company. MATINEE EVERY SUNDAY. AMATEUR NIGHT EVERY FRIDAY. ADMISSION FREE ers, bootblacks. bai houses, billiard tables, canners, BRUSHES {2 =52 wers. bookbinders. dyers, fiour mills, foundries, laundries, paper- hangers, printers, painters, shoe tm;e-, sta- blemen, tar- , tanners, tallors, etc. BUCHANAN BROS.. Brush Manufscturers, 609 Sacramento S¢ FOR BARBERS, BAK. ] Measssasscsnsnasansssanan, Corner Fourth and | Market, 8. F. Try { i, | they are penniless, so the officers of the | | chinery and gear 1 | time of it at the | coming back to San Franeisco. H | prosecuting any suits against the com- | | open for business. Men's $3 calf shoes will | Panama, San Jose de Guatemala, Santa Rosalla and San-Diego. At all the ports mentioned the officers and men had a good time, and they expect to enjoy themselves ‘fol' a week or ten days in San Francisco. | From here the Protet will go to Honolulu, | it the plague has been stamped out, and | thence to Hongkong via Yokohama. Captain Paul Germinet is the chief in | command on the Protet. On his arrival in | Chinese waters he will take command of ! the fleet and the Protet will be the flag- ship. Captain Miron de I'Espiney is in command of the cruiser, and with him are Lieutenants Colliard, Hue, Escudeer, Che- lot, Labarre and Doney. The Protet car- ries a crew of 400 men all told. Stowaways on the Moana. There are three men on the Mail steam- er Moana who consider that fate has dealt g in | and | again. Their names are J. J. Ford, J. Mahoney and J. Tingley. en the Moana was two days out from Sydney they were discov- ered. At Auckland they could not be Janded because of the plague, and the same reason held good at Apia and Hono- Here they could not land because ship have them under lock and key and | they will be taken back to New South | \\'i'.\lns and given another chance in that colony. To Have Her Trial Trip. The handsome new steamer Robert Dol- lar is to be tried on the bay to-day. She | was built for the coast lumber and pas- senger trade, but the rush to Nome has gathered her in, and as soon as the ma- ;Rroven to be in satis- factory order she will go to Puget Sound to be fitted out for the passenger trade to | the gold flelds. The Robert Dollar is built | on the same lines as the Grace Dollar, | but is a larger and more powerful vessel | than the well-known coaster. | ‘Wachusetts Storm-Tossed. arrived at her destination a few days :fio after a very tempestuous voyage. She ran into a series of heavy gales and final- ly sprang aleak. The ship was in no im- mediate danger, but the crew had a hard gumps. The Wachusetts will be drydocked and overhauled before | ‘Water Front Notes. Captain Alec Swanson, the Adonis of the pilot service, is now an expert checker player. While in quarantine on the Cen- tennial_he learned all about “crib,” and while_detained at Angel Island on the Sheridan Captain Pearce undertook to teach him checkers. When the vessel was | released Alec had mastered the game and was bealing his teacher two out of three | games. The ship 1. F. Chapman_will sail for | Honolulu to load sugar for New York to- She has a makeshift crew and there ure to be some fun aboard before the | ge ends. The steamer Bloemfontein arrived from Hawall vesterday and was placed in quar- | She has been running between | onolulu_and Puget Sound, but comes | here on this occasion with a'load of sugar for Alexander & Baldwin. | Chief Engineer Ed Mahoney, who has | been for vears on the steamer Sunol, has been appointed chief engineer of the Santa | Fe's steamer Ocean Wave. There is a rush to get freight avoard the | barkentine Catherine Sudden for Nome. | Merchandise that goes up on her will be landed a week ahead of any other vessel, | it is expected, as the vessel is taking up | all the latest machinery for handling freight. The tug Dorothy that is to ac- company the Catherine Sudden, will be | launched to-day. SAWMILL DISPUTE BUZZING IN COURT| The Pokegama and the Klamath Com- | panies Making Golden Sawdust | for the Lawyers. The Pokegama SugarPine Lumber Com- | ber Company vs. Klamath River Lumber | and Improvement Company is the title of a suit filed a few days ago in the United States Circuit Court for an injunction and an accounting. The complainant is in the lumbering and sawmill business at Klamathon, Siskivou County, and has had some litigation in the | State courts and in the United States Cir- | cuit Court concerning a lease with Hervey Lindley and the defendant corporation. | In the present suit the complainant al- leges that the defendant has violated the | injunetion heretofore ordered br the court by refusing to allow the complainant the exclusive use of a barn and hostler’s room on the premises, and asks for an account- | ing and that defendants be enjoined from | | | plainants in the State courts. —————————— School Janitors May Be Paid. At the regular secret session of the Board of Education yesterday afternoon it was decided to take the necessary steps at this morning’s meeting to secure the payment of school ‘gun tors' demands which_have been held up by Auditor Wells because the Superintendent refused to sign_them, on the ground that they should be paid by the Board of Public Works. The board is of the opinion that the janitors, who work hard for their pay, should not b2 made to suffer be- cause of disputed law points. —_————————— Opening of the Bee Hive. Po-morrow the Bee Hive Shoe Co. will be sold for $2 a pair at the Bee Hive, Market street, near Third. P — Involuntary Insolvents. Creditors of Aaron Nathan of Bacra-| mento representing debts to the amount | of $383 21 and of P. Dunkelman of 999 Mc- | Allister street, this city, representing | debts amounting to_$867 31, filed petitions | yesterday in the United States District | Court asking that Nathan and Dunkelman | be declared Involuntary insolvents. n7 . AMUSEMENTS. SCHER’ CONCERT HOUSE FI 122-124 O’FARRELL ST. E. A. FISCHER GEORGE MOO! our Epecial Brew The Handsomest The Best Orchestra in the City. OUR TIME TABLE: Bteam and O NEW BILL TO-NIGHT. Se. Vi 8:0—AUGUST HINRICHS' SUPERB OR- CHESTRA, 2:20—SIGNORINA PUERERL 2:35—SENORITA SALVINL 07—BABY RUTH. 23—SIGNORINA POLLETTINL 23-SIGNORINA BARDUCCL 10:17-DUET—VARGAS-SALVINL 10:24—BABY RUTH. 11:00 to 11:45—“CAVALLERIA RUSTICANA.” 10c—ADMISSION—10c Cor. Market CENTRAL PARK, & st TWO WEEKS, Beginning Saturday, April 14th, ADVERTISEMENTS. GENUINE SANDEN AtHALF PRICE GET THE BAY COAST RO MAY W BTN TS FRMNCHIE City Attorney Lane Holds a i Charter Provision to Be Untenable. AT RIS o o Supervisors May Not Deny the Ap- plication to Enter City Because the Company Has Not Fifty Miles of Track. RIS i The City Attorney yesterday informed the Board of Supervisdrs that the charter provision which statés that ‘‘the Board of SBupervisors shall have power (subdivision 20) to allow any transcontinental or other | rallroad company having not less than fifty miles of road actually constructed and In operation to enter the city and county with its road and run its cars to the water front at the most suitable point for public convenience” is’ untenable in law. The City Attorney was asked to re- port upon the petition of the Bay and Coast Railway Company for permission to operate & double trmi steam _railroad ong and upon certain streets. The com- pany not having at the present time fifty miles of road entering this city was re- | fused the franchise by the Supervisors, but under the interpretation of the City Attorney permission to enter the city may now be granted. The opinion, which is very interesting, reads in part as follows: e possible construction of this provision 1s that it is thereby intended to prevent the entrance into this city and county of any railroad not having fifty miles of road in operation at the time when the franchise is applied for. But the language of the sub- division is not of a character to make evi- dent such intention: it is not in any sense initiatory, and it 18 not to be readily be- lieved that it was the purpose of the char- ter makers to shut the gates of this city against all raflroads except such as could show an established line longer than that from San Francisco to San Jose. Such in- terpretation would bar further _elec- tric and steam railroad connection with all the suburbs of the city to the south and give a permanent monopoly in such traffic to the roads already existing. The charter does not elsewhere contain evidence of so extremely conservative a purpose as would be manifest under such construction. And it is to be seriously questioned if such pro- vision would not be contrary to Stats pol- fey and beyond the scope of a municipal charter. A more reasonable construction than that Just considered is that subdivision 28 was in- tended as a protection against the acquir- ing by “paper” railroads of valuable rights along the water front; that it was a recogni- tion of the supreme value to the city of its harbor and expressive of a_determination to prevent railroads that were constructive but not comstructed from obtaining privi- leges along the water front, which might Jater be sold to the highest bidder without the building of a single mile of track. Un- der such construction it would appear that the intention was to reserve such privileges for those roads which are of a transcon- tinental character or which at least extend for a considerable distance in the country. In conclusion, the theory that all rail- roads whatsoever were intended to be ex- cluded from the city excepting those with fitty miles of road already bullt is unten- able; the construction which makes the pro- vision a limitation but only applicable in roads extending to the water front is not one upon which there is occasion to express any opinion at this time, for the applica- tion for a franchise here invaived as amended does not extend the road to the water line. It therefore, that charter limiting the power of the city to grant applications of this character. HUNTINGTON GENEROUS TO FOREST PRESERVERS Gives One Thousand Dollars to Help Impound Flood Waters of the State. C. P. Huntington yesterday gave the California Water and Forest Assoclation $1000 to assist in the work of Impounding the floods of the State. The association’s finance committee had previously secured subscriptions amounting to $7600 from the banks of the city and the, representatives of various lines of business. Many had promised to donate if the rallroad, which | will be largely benefited Iin the matter of freights if the valleys of the State can be irrigated, would contribute. Accordingly a committee, consisting of Willlam Thom- as, T. C. Friedlander, F. W. Dohrmann and A. R. Briggs, called on Mr. Hunting- ton in the yellow building. Mr. Thomas, as president of the Water and Forest As- soclation, explained the fiurposos of the organization. The first thing to be .done ‘was, he sald, to make a contract, with the Federal Government, the State and Stan- ford Universities and the Water and For- est Association as partles, the universities agreeing to furnish services, the Govern- ment to furnish services and money and the assoclation to furnish money. The first work would be a complete sur- vey of some ¥nnlcullr locality and the ascertaining of the cost of work at that place. The figures could be submitted and such a plain and clear showing made that it would constitute a strong argument to bring ald from the Legislature. Mr. Hunt- ington said that the plan was good. He then subscribed $1000 personally, but said that the work was foreign to the railroad company. The committee thanked Mr. Huntington _and withdrew. They h"gf now to make a total of $10,000 in sul scriptions in a few days. In the Divorce Court. Decrees of divorce have been granted Josephine McCarthy from John McCarthy for failure to provide; A. Campagnio from Filomino Campagnio for wiliful desertion; May E. Robertson from Shelby L. Robert- son for desertion, and Claude Pauze from Bertha Pauze for duertio&e Suits for divorce have n filed ?ly Margaret R. Thomson nst John T. Thomson for desertion; Margaretha W. Mahler against Frederick H. Mahler for desertion; Catherine A. Thornton against Robert Thornton for fallure to provide; 8. A. Rich against Sarah Rich for deser- tion; Kate S. Louttit against James A. Louttit for desertlon; Ada Carson against Edwin M. Carson for failure to provide: Marchell Vouraky against Plnfi . V. Vouraky for Infidelity, and arle G. Gibault” against Leon D. Gibault for cruelty. A Beautiful Illuminated Street Par- ade—A Novel and Interesting Spectacle. As an Introduction to his entry in this city, Professor Gentry, with the World's Greatest Trained Animal Show, will give 2 d illuminated street parade on Fri- IR 'S Ferlds .| No. 7 $40.00 Belt for $20.00. No. 68 grand AT R7% 'S eibok. travers GE Grestest | §30.00 Belt for 815.00. No. 5 $20.00 | §romes Kearny and the principal streets. Tralnad Animal snuwl for $10.00. These I guarantee on|Don’t fail to see this, the prettiest pageant H '$f,°°° bonds, and will pay to any| by the richest tralhed animal show on Larger ang Grander than Ever. Twice tts | O aritable institution $1 if it can e ki ? undred Elephants, 3 2 o e T Oy vt Dymies, | be shown that the Belts I am now sell Louis Grasser Acquitted. unique and novel exhibition ever witnessed under canvas, Representing the highest pos- elble development of animal intelligence. 75— WONDERFUL TS More startling and difficult than ever performed by their human prototypes in the sawdust arena. The fad of the fashionables and an instructive show for old and young, A most moral and refined enter- The cleanest and tour. tainment. best dressed ex- hibition on Admiesion—Children, Aduits, 25c. ce at 3 o'clock after. noon, night. See Grand Parade at noon ch’day Show rain or shina. WESTERN TURF ASSOCIATION. TANFORAN PARK. SIXTH MEETING, April 9 to 20, inclusive, 8ix high-class running races every week day, rain or shine, begioniug at 1:30 p. m. The ideai winter racetrack of America. Pa- ing at Half-Price are not the bona fide U. S. patented Sanden Belt, purchased of Dr. A. T. Sanden in 1899, and as sold on this Coast for years past. There is no deception nor imitation in these Belts. They are sold in the Lion Drug Store and at my office, and are the Belts with 30 years’ record as the great remedy for the ailments of man and woman. Call and test them or write for Dr. Sanden’s book, “Three Classes of Men,” free. Address DR. S. S. HALL, 702 MARKET ST., ROOM 3, Louis Grasser, a saloon-keeper at Co- velo, Mendocino,County, was tried in the United States District Court yesterday on the charge of selling liguor to Indians. The jury returned a verdict of not guiity, as they were not convinced that QE: In- dian who drank Grasser's whisky was act- under the control of the superin- ' uall tendye'nt of the Indian reservation at that place. —_—— Men's calf shoes worth $3 for $1 25 a pair at the Boston 8hoe Co., 775 Market st. * ————————— Japanese Interpreter Appointed. TUnited States Immigration Commis- sioner North yesterday appointed W. Cur- tis as Japanese interpreter to assist In- terpreter Geffeney in examining the 200 Japanese who arrived on the Beigian trons tep directly from the railroud cars {nto SAR FRANCISCO, King and the 100 who arrived on the a superb grand etand, glass-inclosed, where, Dorie. Comfortably housed in bad weather, 'tey can SSTTR S TIIT enjoy an unobstructed view ot the races, v o] BAJA CALIFORNIA | @++44+++44444444444 e Sty P iaats At D m'an B'tt % The Baster number of The + and '1:2 p. m.. re :'rfve?fir'-'vo’éfn'in?mn -":u'a':t:"um a’ l a’ l ers 4 (Call appears on Easter Sun- ': ing. Valencia street, 10 minutes later. |5 A GREAT RESTORATIVE, INVIGORA- | ¥ day, April 15, and will sur- n Jose and Way Stations—Arrive at San tor and Nervine. + s 3 & Bruno at 12:45 p. m. ve San Bruno at 4:00 | The most w e and Spectal | 4- passanything of the kind ever + SATEL Sah Franciseo to Tanforan and re- | - The Mexican Remeds or Diseasea of the Kid- published on the coast. o il e b SRR | we ek S e G e #. H GREEN, Se and Manager. 228 Market' st., 8. F.—(Send for Circular.) +4+44 44ttt 444404 * > e e P *0‘@0‘@0 e s‘b@"é S S S o S o o 7 HOMER, DANTE, MILTON : BY VIDA D. SCUDDER. Copyright, 1900, by Seymour Eaton. GOLDEN AGES OF LITERATURE. XIV. HOMER, DANTE AND MILTON. BY VIDA D. SCUDDER. It seems natural to group these three great epic poets together, but at least be- tween Dante and Homer there are few points of contact. Nothing could better measure the distance In experience trav- eled by the human race from the dawn of civilization to the culmination, so far, of Christianity as the contrast between the “Iliad” and *“Odyssey” and the “Divine Comedy." The scene of the Homeric poems is this earth. They show us men loving, hating, quarreling, fighting, dying with a superb naturalness that comes fresh to us to-day through all the centuries since they were written. The “Iliad”" shows us pre-emi- nently man the fighter, and his foes are of flesh and blood. The “Odyssey’” shows us pre-eminently man the wanderer, and the hero traverses the surface of a world | still teeming indeed with marvel, yet with all its marvels wholly open to the eye of sense. They are glorious poems. Their spell 1s cast on all who read them, from childhood to manhood. There is in them a joy of life, a vigor, a movement, an en- thusiasm for all the natural activities and passions of men, which belong to the youth of the race and which we catch once more as we retreat within the Ho- | meric horizon. The scene of the “Divine Comedy” of Dante is the soul of one individual man. ‘We no longer follow the movement of bat- tles; we no longer sall over the world. | note in Dante’s poem that we do not find |in Miiton’s. Milton wrote a most wonder- | ful description of the Garden of Eden and | of Adam and Eve in it. This description is one of the great things in literature. It | 1s so powerful in beauty, in melody, in in- that for genera- nglish little tellectual _presentment, tions it fairly imposed on the imagination, and : gh it bore relation to the mysteriou of paradise and the fall in Hol stiil to-day mix up Milton with the Bible. And yet, with all the be: of the de- scription, we do not feel as if Milton had visited the place. I am quite sure that y Dante, in his own person, wandered in that little wood, where the breeze was blowing and the brook was flowing, on the top of the Mount of Purgatory. | am pever, I confess, certain that Milton's own feet had strayed through the winding paths of his Eden. The noblest part of the “Paradise is 3 asly exalted et he and of Lucife one knows the magnificent descr that dreary but impressive region o shades; of Lueifer, “with faded splendor wan,” presiding. In d ity great as his anguish, over his concourse of grand though sinning demons, winging his way in awful flight through chaos, tempting Eve, despite a momentary visiting of re- morseful agony, and returning to his dark realm, only to find that he presides by poetic justice splendidly conceived no longer over infernal princes but over in- fernal serpents. It Is glorious work Dante has nothing like it. There is a | famous passage in Macaulay’s youthful essay on_Milton, comparing the coneep- tions of hell in Miiton and in Dante, in which Macaulay says that Milton is far | the greater because less definite, leaving | | | | R S S o . - . ® ps JOHN MILTON. L R S T S ] We penetrate deeper and deeper, then more scope for his imagination; and it higher and higher the experiences of a single individual. It is a strange transi- tion. What does it mean? It means that Christianity has come into the world and has revealed that the fate of nations and the stirring of the Yeoples are of less ac- count in the eternal vision than those in- ward events and actions which determine the moral destiny of separate men. At first the older epic very likely seems the greater to us; assuredly the more en- | tertaining. There is more varlety in it, a wider range of character and incident. | perhaps we think, & more healthful and cheerful tone. Now it is impossible to measure the great im: of the race against each otker, or to say one is greater than another. To each star | its own glory. And yet if we look deeper we shall hardly say that Homer is more cheerful than Dante. These ancient epics are essentially, when analyzed, sad. Their gods are now friendly, now hostile, but always capricious; their heroes largely the sport of fate; the loveliest woman in them the fatal Helen, the source of dis- aster, ruin and shame; when all the eager fighting is done it is hard to see that there is.any worthy end to it all, and a great darkness awaits warriors and wanderers, the entire human race, as it passes out of sight into mystery. 't is not because Dante holds in a me- chanical way to a life beyond death that | his poem seems to the thoughtful reader | more fraught with ho and inward joy than that of the Greek world. It is cause here and now he reveals eternity. Reading him we feel how wonderfully life has been_ enriched, how its scope has broadened, how many new elements have entered it, as the race has gone on living. The range of emotion, of aim, of experi- ence, both in joy and sorrow, is widened beyond all words. It is of little use to make an assertion like this without prov- ing it, but one must r¢ Homer and Dante’ to see whether the thing is true. The love of woman in Dante is no longer a devouring fate, a bitter cause of strife; it has become holf', and it leads men up to God. Suffering is no longer the strange blight imposed upon the race b{ a mys- terious fate. Mysterious still—how oth- erwise?—it is vet fraught with redemp- tive power. An end of joy beyond all hu- man thought awalits the wanderer. The best of enduring happiness that the an- cient world could conceive is recognized and given a place in Dante, but so has man's power of imagining through the ages that this old pagan hap- Ph‘lesn is by Dante actually put within the imits of hell. The elysian fieids, the para- aise of antiquity, the happiest future for virtuous men that Homer or Virgil could dream of, are in his underworid. There live forever all the noble men who knew not Christ. They rest from their labors; they wander on enameled meads; they abide In majestic dwem;:fs they share high converse undisturb: by wrath or fear. Nor Homer nor Virgil could con- ceiye a higher joy. But nte knew a higher—a_heaven of ecstacy and rapture into which no pagan poet ever might soar. He has been reproached for leaving his great heathens in limbo, and we may re- gret that he put them there, but at least Wwe must recognize that he gave them all they had ever wished, in fullest measure. The epic of antiquity, the epic of the outward life, will always have a wider appeal than Dante. It will always possess, in a sense, more action, variety, actuality and charm. Yet every dispassionate read- er must recognize, whether with joy or sorrow, the new regions entered and ex- plored by the soul of man and the new treasures brought from within between the time of the “Iliad” and “Odyssey’ and the time of the “Divine Comedy."” There would seem at first sight to be more points of likeness between Milton and Dante. The ‘‘Paradise Lost,” like the “Divine Comedy,” is a religious, a Chris- tian, epic; both poems have for their theme the fall and the redemption of man both present wonderful pictures of hell ond heaven. Yet, though they are indeed most interesting to compare, the longer one studies the more striking becomes the difference between the poems. ‘We must note at the beginning tha historically speakiug. Milton subtends a much smaller arc than te. Dante 1s the poet of universal Catholicism; Miiton the poet of English Puritanism of the sev- enteenth century. We should expect to find, we do find, a certain coldness, cer- tain limitations, mingled with much that is exalted and noble in its poet. A very special type of thealogy. a type which did not endure very long the test of time, un- derlies the intellectual structure of the “Paradise Lost.” Milton is extremely anx- jous to justify this theology, which he honestly considers to be the full expres- sion of the will of God. He starts out, as he deliberately tells us, “‘to justify the ways of to man.” It would never e occurred to Dante that the wa; God needed jnstification. Tn the “Divine Comedy” Dante moves adoring in a world revealed by faith: in the “Paradise Lost™ Milton presents eloquently a world con- ceived by theology. It is a very different matter. It follows that there is a deep personal inative treasures | e- joy risen | has been pointed out again and again that Milton's hell and his devil have an unfafling dignity and grandeur, while Dante's are often almost absurdly gro- tesque. It is true. Nothing could be more strangely different, for instance, than the conceptions of Lucifer. Dante's Lucifer is no magnificently tragic, impressive, though fallen angel; he is a helpless, mon- strous creature. He sticks forever, mo- tionless, at the lowest point of hell, in the exact center of the earth; the weight of the whole material world pressing upon him from e'-'el;?' side. From his three horrible heads flow tears that perpetually freeze; he gnaws three chief sinners in his three jaws and the slow waving of his batlike wings diffuses an icy wind of death | throughout the nethermost hell; for to Dante, cold, not fire, is the supreme ex- | pression of the second death. All this is very strange; far less appealing than Mil- ton; yet if we think we may discover that | Dante had a special meaning and had brooded long over the nature and function S’r!e\-u before he presented Lucifer as he Meanwhile, when we turn to_comparing the heavens of the two poets, Macaulay's distinction becomes entirely false: one guestions if he had ever read anything in Dante beyond the “Inferno.” For Mil- ton's heaven is a large, definite country, with firecise geography, up somewhere in the sky. Dante's is definite though or- dered space. The heaven of “Paradise Lost” is surrounded by a crystal battle- ment; the revel angels have their country seats In the northern part of the land; when they are in the final conflict routed | by the Messiah they are driven back to | the battlement, and breaking through it | fall down, down through the material uni- | verse of chaos till they tumble into hell. | The denizens of this country are as clearly | visible to us as the scenery They are | magnificent creations, Milton's angels; it |is well to compars them with Dante's, | which are quite differently and far mors | mystically ~ conceived—iess loquacious, less like intelligent statesmen on a_heroic scale; more like spiritual forces, focused and made visible. There is one point, at &ll events, and this most important, wheras {'no_one can question which of our two | poets Is the greater—the treatment of the | Deity. Here Milton made a great mis- | take, for he brought God directly upon the scene, made him talk, and talk, moreover | of all subjects in the world, on theology. The anthropomorphic method of the “Paradise Lost” is absolutely obnoxious here. Dante was wiser; it is not for us to say whether his greater wisdom sprung from deeper reverence. God in his “Para- diso™ is all pervasive. and the conscious- ness of every spirit in paradise is fixed on him alone; but he is unapparent, and even at the climax, where the beatific vision is attained, we see that vision only in a symbol, and understand its natures rather from' the wondrous selemnity of Dante’s passion than from any other cause. Indeed, we may as well say frankly that out of the Seriptures no poet has ever been successful in depicting heaven—a state of unshadowed light, untroubled joy | —except Dante. The more one studies the | “Paradiso” -the more wonderful it ap- | pears. And the reason why Dante has | succeeded where all others have failed | because he alone has, so far as man can do, discarded anthropomorphism and | adopted a method wholly symbolic. His saints and angels do not appear to us in | the body: they are described simply by deepening_ light, by snifting, dreamlike symbol. Tt {8 impossible to suggest the | manifold forms of beauty in which the | life of the blessed Is revealed. They are manifest as rainbows and flowers, as dancing lights, as reflections in clear fiying birds of light, as rubles as a golden stairway mounting a_crown, as stars losing them- a deepening day, as a river of light and, finally, as a celestial rose—the rose of the blessed. wherein all the saints, tier after tier, Intoxicated by the fra- grance of that wonderful world-flower, sit azing toward the golden center, which od. As he sees all these images of glory Dante’s mood is one of worship an unspeakable. seemed to me a smile of the universe he exclalms. And his joy is essentially not because of the beauty, not because of the melody that ever sounds through the ranks of the redeemed, not for any nat- ural reason, but supremely and finally be- cause this heaven is a holy place. He has made us feel its holiness: feel that we are in a_region where sin is ended and ban- ished, though character remains. This Is a wonderful thing to do. Milton did great things, but he could not do this. Milton's heaven is, of course. supposed to be the abode of righteousness; but we do not feel It s0. In Dante three lovely lines, near the beginning of the “Paradiso.” sum up the whole effect. “In his will is our peace.” says one of the least of the blessed ones. “It s that sea whereunto is | moving all that which it creates and that which nature makes.” “Tn la sua volun- de & nostra pace”; these great words are he text on which the whle of the *Di- vine Comedy’' s but the