The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, May 8, 1898, Page 20

20 THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, MAY 8, 1898. DON CARLOS IS READY 70 SEIZE THE THRONE. For Thirty Years He and His Followers Have Been Striving to Take Advantage of Just Such a Crisis in Spanish Affairs. Don Carlos is at Brussels vigilantly watching the development of affairs in Spain. His agents are everywhere throughout Spain actively working to spread his cause and to take -dvantage of every mistake made by the ruling d sty. He is confident he will be known as Carlos IX, King of Spain, by June 1. He is being backed by the legitimists all over the world. The legitimists are a large body of in- telligent people in Europe who look with contempt upon what is known as modern progress, believe that . democ- racy is an invention of the devil, who hold to the antiquated doctrine which Pope described as the right divine of kings to govern wrong. It is a firm tenet with them that Providence set aside certain men and women to rule over the rest of their kind, and that these God appointed hu- mans are privileged sacrosancts whose word ought to be accepted as law, whose acts we lesser humans should accept without question or murmur. To rise in revolt against them, be they ty- rants or despots, is to commit what they consider the heinous crime of trea- son. They would overthrow the sovereign will of the people in order to restore the God appointed sovereign or his line to the remotest generations. They rec- ognize none of the extant rulers of England, of France, of Spain, of Swe- den and Norway, of Portugal. All of these are usurpers because at one time or another the people of these lands, rising in their wrath against wrong and oppression, decreed that they or their predecessors should supplant other rul- ing dynasties whose title in the last analysis depended upon exactly the sort of ‘“usurpation” which these en- thusiasts denounce. Harken to the words of the Marquis of Ruvigny, editor of the recognized organ of the party, The Legitimist Kal- endar. He acknowledges that the ten- dency of the age is toward democracy, but the tendency of democracy is to- ward harm. “The legitimist is above all things a King’s man, and in his eyes democracy is an accursed thing, to be prevented at all costs. He views with apprehension the gradual transference of power from the ruler to the ruled, the steady curtailment of the royal pre- rogative, and the arrogation by the people to themselves of functions which they are not fitted to perform.” The legitimist goes still further. He believes in primogeniture and that the descendants of an unworthy monarch who has been deposed retain forever the right to be restored to their former condition. He is a Jacobite in Eng- land, a Carlist in Spain and in France, a Miguelist in Portugal, an imperialist in Brazil. His faith, in other words, is not local; he is simply one of a catholic or universal party whose ramifications extend over Europe. He believes that the finger of God is directing the present crisis with a view to bringing about the imminent res- toration of Don Carlos to his rights as a sort of entering wedge to the restora- tion of all other legitimate sovereigns over the lands of which they or their progenitors were dispossessed. The origin of the Carlist imbroglio dates back to 1833, when King Ferdi- nand VI, after a troublous reign, breathed his last. He left no male is- lfla l“l'f'lmf:‘s BURN sue, but only an infant daughter, Don- na Isabella. The Salic law, which had been in force since 1713, excluding fe- males from the throne, the crown should therefore have passed to his brother, Don Carlos. But Ferdinand in the later years of his life had been absolutely under the domination of his fourth wife, Chris- tina of Naples, a handsome, forceful and unscrupulous woman. Her sway had been confirmed by the birth of her daughter Isabella in 1830. She induced the weak and ailing monarch to issue a decree disinheriting his brother in favor of his infant daughter. That he transcended his royal prerogative is generally conceded. The church threw its influence on the side of Don Carlos. The King, who, according to the state of his failing health, passed from abject submission to the will of his wife to equally ab- ject dread of the church, was harassed with perpetual qualms of conscience as to the succession. Time after time he changed his mind. The final victory, however, was won by the Queen. Immediately after his death the baby Princess Isabella was declared Queen of Spain, under the regency of her mother. For five years afterward the country was desolated by a terrible civil war, carried on with varying for- tune and unwavering ferocity between the Carlists and the partisans of Isa- bella. But France and gland sided with the latter, and in 1839 Don Carlos quitted Spain in despair. The question of succession appeared to be settled in favor of Isabella II, a child not even vet in her teens. Had the new dynasty been conducted with ordinary prudence, good faith or loyalty, the world might never have heard further of the Carlist pretender to the throne. But the scandals which brought Queen Christina’s regency to a premature close, the ill-fated marriage of Queen Isabella to her {mbecile cousin Ferdinand VII, and the reck- lessness of her own conduct kept alive the hopes of the pretender’s partisans. Don Carlos, the first pretender, died in 1855. A second pretender arose at once in the person of his son, Don Car- los, Count de Montemolin. In 1860 an attempt was made in Valencia to start the Carlist insurrection afresh. The Count was defeated. He and his broth- er Ferdinand were captured. They were released only after signing a re- nunciation of all their claims to the Spanish throne. There was a third brother, Don Juan. In 1868, when Queen Isabella wasforced to fly from Spain and Carlism once more became a possibility, Don Juan abdicated all his rights in favor of his son, the present Don Carlos, who there- upon became the third pretender. Nor were his pretensions a mere pre- tense. Prim and Sagasta, the two most powerful members of the provisional government established after Isabella’s flight, offered him the crown. But the gift was conditioned on the promise that the country should have a consti- tution, and that the church and state should be separated. Don Carlos re- fused the gift if it came trammeled by any conditions. He would follow the Carlist traditions and be an ab- solute monarch or none at all. “When I come into my kingdom,” he said, “I shall rule as’I see fit.” It w a youth of 20 who spoke thus firmly, for Don Carlos de los Dolores oro Josef Francisco Quirino Antonio Miguel Gabriel Rafael, Duke of Madrid, and Pretender to the Span- ish throne, was born on March 30, 1848. In 1870 Amaceus, the brother of Vic- tor Emmanuel of Italy, was chosen King of Spain by the Cortes. Don Car- los made a solemn j-otest against the usurper. In the summer of 1872 the northern provinces were r-used to arms by a body of his partisans, led by his brother Don ‘Alfonso. @ Miiitary opera- tions began and were continued with greater vigor on the arrival of Don Carlos himself in July, 1873. Jrom this time till the beginning of 1876 this de- sultory but harassing warfare con- tinued to devastate the » rthern pro- vinces and tax the rcs urces of the gov- ernment to the utmost. In tle interim Amadeus had resigned and Alfonso XII, a son -~ the fugitive Isabella, had been elected in his place. The last hopes of the Carlists were destroyed by the reductio. in Febru- ary, 1876, of their fortresses Bilbao, Estella and Tolosa. Don Carlos fled across the country into France. In a proclamation to the Spanish nation he announced that he did not withdraw from any of his claims, but was merely awaiting a more propitious opportunity. This proclamatio:. led to his expulsion from French territory. He then made a prolonged tour through the United States, Mexico and Europe, finally settling in a magnificent palace in Venice as his permanent resi- dence. As he himself explains, the contrast between the glorious past of the Queen of the Adriatic and its pres- ent melancholy decadence are in har- mony with the feelings and the condi- tions of exlled princes. Besides Don Carlos, Venice has been the favorite place of residence of the Count of Chambord, the Duke of Modena and other royal refugees. Don Carlos has been married twice. His first wife was a Princess de Bour- bon and a niece of the Count de Cham- bord. At tle time of the marriage in 1867 and for many years afterward the couple were very poor. But the deaths of the Count and Countess de Cham- bord, who bequeathed the larger part of their wealth to their favorite niece, made it possible for them to keep up a royal state. This was all the more opportune for the death of the Count de Cham- bord made Dcn Carlos the legitimist pretender to the throne of France as well as that of Spain. In the Count de Chambord the male line of Zouis XV became extinct. Don Carlos, as the eld- est direct male descendant of the sec- ond son of Louis XVI, takes precedence of the Duke of Orleans, who claims di- rect descent from a brother of the same monarch. It may le added as an interesting fact that but for the existence of Prin- cess Mary of Bavaria Don Carlos would also be the Jacobite claimant for the English crown. The first wife of Don Carlos died in 1893. The last years of their wedlock had been unhappy, and no one was sur- prised to learn that she had distributed the bulk of her fortune among her five children, cutting off the Don with a comparatively small annuity. Money troubles once more weighed upon the pretender to two crowns. He cast about him for a mode of re- lief. Within a twelvemonth after his first wife's death the world was star- tled by the announcement of his en- gagement to the Princess Marie Berthe de Rohan. She was wealthy. She be- longed to a family which had long as- serted its equality with royalty, but she was pot actually of royal blood. Hence the new marriage was looked upon as a mesalliance by the legitimists. That the disagreement between the couple had been the result of the Duke's disreputable behavior and ill treatment was a notorious fact. So notorious, indeed, was it that even so gentle and charitable a critic as Pope Leo XIII took public cognizance of it. When, in November, 1896, the Prin- cess Elvira, a daughter of Don Carlos, eloped with a married man named Count Folchi, to the scandal of all Eu- rope and the uproarious indignation of her father, -the Pontiff was quoted as saying: “It is indeed a great misfortune. The father is punished in his child. * It is the chastisement of hig private life.” Senor' Rafael Diez de la Cortina is the representative of the interests of Don Carlos in the United States. Last September he predicted that the Pre- D. ,oEowo® = Reports from Madrid indicate that the present Government of Spaln may fall at no distant day. It is said Don Carlos, the pretender to the Spanish throne, will make an effort to gain posession of the country, and it is asserfed that General Weyler,*who is very popular with the army, will ald him. Don Carlos {s in Brussels at present, and is sald to be much agitated by private telegrams he Is receiving from Madrid. A Spanish diplomatist of high position sald yesterday: favor of her son, but he will never come to the throne. tender would have become King by January 1, 1898. He now transfers the realization of his prediction to June 1, or even earlier, which is certainly a very fair margin of time for a prophet to claim. I saw Senor Cortina yester- ‘They are practically in a state of revolution, and it is the beginning of the end of the regency. Don Carlos wiil be the next King of Spain, and he will be on the throne before the end of next month. day. According to his view the two prominent parties which support the regency and Alphonso XIII, the liberals and the conservatives, are so badly split up into subdivisions as to be near- ing their political end. As to the republicans and the feder- alists, they are hopelessly split up among themselves, some drifting to so- n and some to anarcnism, with no possible point of contact or union. “In short,” was the senor’s conclu- The Queen Regent may make a final effort in sion, “republicanism may be considered extinct in Spain. Carlism alone is alive and vigorous. “In _contrast to these parties, all in the throes of dissolution,” he saia, “Carlism stands.” S § \N-\u\\\\“\\k\ i W N l\ SCENES AROUND THE “BACHELORS' DEN” WHERE FOUR YOUNG MEN ARE WORKING THEIR WaAY ALIFORNIA COLLEGE, East Oakland, April 22, 1898.—Possi- bly one of the greatest mistakes which an outsider could make would be in thinking that the student who is batching and working his way through college is a lean-looking dyspeptic without a friend in the world. To be sure, there are exceptions. In fact, the club which preceded ours lost that “peaches and cream” complexion which characterized their entrance into the bachelor state, and one of the ne- cessary adjuncts of the table was a bottle of powdered pepsin which was partaken of freely after every meal. But we, students of the California Col- lege, in Bast Oakland, profiting by their mistakes and believing that the loss of complexion was due to an overdose | THROUGH that article and made out a menu which we thought the most fastidious stomach in the world could not com- plain of. An occasional reference to Mrs. Rorer’s articles on “What to Eat” knocked the bottoms out of some of our pet theories, but we believed that she knew more about the matter than (\l\;e did; so we promptly changed our et. An_article appeared recently in a San Francisco newspaper, giving the report of some governmental tests, tending to show the feasibility of liv- ing in perfect health on 18 ceuts a day, but we, of the “Bachelors’ Roost,” de- sire to make the assertion that we not only believe, but have already proved that a man can live comfortably and work hard on 14 2-7 cents a day. And even at this rate we have meat and vegetables seven times a week, mushes, various kinds of puddings, plenty of home-made bread, large quantities of syrup, the old standby of the college %] QESLhe] h COLLEGE. and some preserves. Nor must we for- get the stews, in which we take an especial pride, and which we are con- ceited enough to believe are almost as good as those that grandmother used to make. One of the chief difficulties encoun- tered is to so divide the work that each man will not think he is doing more than his share. In order to live to- gether harmoniously it was found ne- cessary to get the comsent of the club to certain rules and duties. To one man was assigned the work of cook- ing the morning meal, to another the one at noon, and to a third the big meal at night. Then there are other duties, such as keeping the rooms in order and the floors clean, washing the dishes, col- lecting the money and keeping the larder well supplied. At the ¢ the two first meals of the day each man is sup] to wash his own dishes, it being the duty of the cool 10 Y ho tel 0 h but at the close of the evening meal the dishwasher and his assistant, the wiper, take charge of this work. Possibly the most trying time is when some one who is studious gets the posi- tion of cook. Perhaps a problem in geometry commands his attention when the mush is on the boil, or a corn starch pudding is on the way. Some- times the chops are slightly overdone as he tries to find whence a pe- culiarly twisted Greek verb comes, or the tea boils over and puts his fire out. It is somewhat annoying after you have made an exceedingly successful corn starch pudding, when after several hours' hard work outside youcome back with sundry ideas in your head as to what you are going to do to that pud- ding, and then find that some nungry student has been there before you. Our kitchen and dining hall combined is situated in one of the lower rooms of what some of the outsiders call the tank house, but which in our language called “Eucajyptus Hall.” It Is a 1 two-story frame building with three | rooms and a hallway and is surmounted by an immense tank which supplies water for the college buildings grounds. Immediately over the blue stands the windmill, whirring | around with every wind that blo At | Srst and especially during the winter gales we were somewhat alarmed as the great fan spun around, causing the building to creak and tremble, but by ond by we became used to it and to the strange clanking noise which it made, until now its click, elick, click, cling, has a certain music for us. On the outside of this strange dining hall various classes have painted the years of their graduation, and a certain | wit, now a law student in San Fran- cisco, thinking that the tank house commanded an_ excellent view of the back of the college, painted on it in large brown letters “College Observ: tory, windmill extension,” and below, in smaller letters in Latin, “Sic iter ad | astra.” The first room off the hallway on tlie ground floor is where all the cooking operations are carried on. The first thing one sees on opening the door is a medium-sized table covered with red oil cloth and beyond this, next to tie window, is the stand for the dishes. In the right-hand corner is the stove, around which hang an imposing array of tea .pots, coffee- pots, stewing pans and skillets. Behind the door stand the | vegetable boxes and over these is the dog proof, rat proof, cat proof, but not student proof cupboard. Occasionally we get some shots in the college publications as to our manner of living and our ability in the culi- nary art. Sometimes a group of the co-eds, whose poverty of knowledge in regard to cooking is appalling, will stick their heads in at our window, while our cook is preparing some choice decoction, and ask in the sweetest way imaginable for a recipe for biscuit, or how he makes such nice custard pies. Another thing which militates against our happiness, is when the tank runs over. This is liable to occur at any time, esnecially when some one leaves the city water turned on, and as the roofing is not on the water-proof or- der we sometimes have small inunda- tions to contend with. Lately this evil has to some extent been overcome by putting tar paper along the cracks. Sometimes our ears are harrowed and our meals interrupted by the most ex- cruciating sounds with which the wind- mill expresses its desire for more grease. We experienced great difficulty at first in getting biscuits to suit our taste. The first we made had a cas- ing on them strong enough to protect a cruiser. On consulting some emi- nent authorities we found that this was due to two much kneading. The next time we flew to the opposite extreme, and did not knead them enough, and furthermore forgot to put salt i We have at the present time, however, de- veloped a proficiency in this line. It took us some time before we could make the proper allowances for swell- ing on the part, not only of the beans but also of the rice. Many times we would put, as we thought, the proper quantity in the pan, but before those beans got through with their expansion several other pans would be called into | will be late with the breakfast, | amount of the syrup bill; requisition. Once a careless cook left the dish water on the fire, together with the swab, which happened to be in the dishpan at the time. The re- sult was disastrous to gasoline, dish water, pan and swab. The one was burned out, the dish water had gone up in steam, the pan was twisted out of all shape, and the swab was a charred stick. Sometimes the hearts of our neigh- bors warmed toward us and many dainty specimens of cookery found the way gifts have become less frequent, pos- sibly owing to the fact that we broke some of the dishes on which they were sent over and forgot to return others. Nor must it be supposed that the sweet dove of peace hovers over our | | little band at all times. cord, with ruffled feathers and fire in its eye, will swoop down upon us, and for a time there will be a family scrap. These little incidents occur from vari- ous causes. Some mornings the co(}wlk‘ the rice may be scorched a little; the man who gets the dinner will think he is deing too much work; the man who | runs the finances will kick on the the dish- washer and his assistant will raise a protest because delayed dinners keep them too long over the dishes, and last of all a row will start no one knows ex- | actly how—but usually there is one in | the party who fails to be ruffled, and by his benign counsels, oil is poured on the. to our kitchen; but lately these Sometimes dis- | | made and gravel paths cared for. troubled dispositions of the “bachelors™ and peace and harmony prevail again, This is a somewhat brief description of where four students, at an expendi« ture of 14 2-7 cents each, cook and eat three meals a day. Out of this amount fuel is bought for the stove and all ecessary cooking utensils purchased. It might be interesting to know that every member of the “Bachelors’ Roost” is paying for expenses incurred, while getting his education, by his own exertions. Tuition is made by put- ting in spare hours after school work- ing on the college campus. Flower beds have to be cared for, slips planted and lawns watered. New roads have to be Fuel has to be provided for the winter fires, and passers-by can often hear the steady chopping of the student’s ax and the crashing of some falling tree. This is a homely but true picture of how many of the students of our land are getting their education to-day. S. F. LANGFORD. HYPNOTISM AND CRIME. CANNOT imagine a more danger- ous power than hypnotism in the hands of a wicked, unscrupulous person who has no idea of its pos- sibilities or limitations exceot as they may be subverted ini~ wicked uses. “But the same thing may bz said of dynamite, and persons who give public performances of their hypnotic powers are in the same category with spiritual- ists who give public exhibitions of so- called materializations. They are charlatans. Such practices should be stopped by legislation.” So said a well-known Eastern shysi- cian who had retired from practice, and who was with Charcot in Paris ten years ago, when hypnotism, or the “science of suggestion,” was very much less discussed and very much less understood than it is at the pres- ent time. “Is it possible, in your opinion, for a man with hypnotic powers to suggest murder and continue the suggesticn for months until it eventually results in murder thousands of miles away®™” he was asked. “Certainly not, There is no authen- ticated case of the kind in the history of hypnotism in this country. The French give two or three remarkable instances, but in dealing with the French we are dealing with different people from Americans or with chil- dren of foreigners who have been brought up here. The French are inter- Celts. They are peculiarly fitted by temperament for unusual manifesta- tions in the science of hypnotism.” “Suppose it is suggested to the hyp- notic subject that he shall commit murder?” “It is_impossible to suppose such a thing. But to answer your question, I will say that if a man has it in his nature to commit murder, hypnotism or no hypnotism, then he might carry out a suggestion that he should com- mit murder. They had one such case in France, where they acquitted the murderess and guillotined the hypno- tist. If it is not in his nature, then no hypnotist could compel him to do it But such suggestions are whipping the devil a long way around the stump.” Detective Charles Heidell , who was one of Byrnes' confiden! men, djd not take an extrme view. ‘“When I was sent to England with Phil Reilly to bring back the Bernard brothers,’” he said, “Byrnes told us before start- ing: ‘Now, these fellows are very clever. I am told that one of them is a hypnotist, and that he has used his tricks in getting away before. All I have got to say is that if these fellows get away from you, don’t come back here. I shan't want to see y u again.’™ “I paid particular attention to what Byrnes said, because of a remarkable experience 1 had with a detective from Columbus, Ohio, a day or two before. He came on here to get a fellow who would not go without extradition pa- pers. A couple of professional hypno- tists were giving an exhibition at a music hall at the time, and this detec- tive would not be satisfled without an experiment. ““After the performance I went with him into the manager’s office, and the Ohio man sat down for a test. I assure you that in less than three minutes he had that fellow completely at his mercy. He handed me his watch, his badge and almost everything else he had about him. When brought to his senses he declared that he had not been hypnotized. Nothing but his empty pockets convinced him. “While we were waiting for our pris« oners in London we were invited to din- ner at the National Liberal Club. In the smoking room we were introduced to a gentleman who, it happened, was going across on the same ship. He went out of his way to make our ac- quaintance and spoke of renewing it on shipboard. We ran across him before the vessel was three hours out. When- ever that man could get a chance he tried to sit faciig me and look me square in the eves. I got to dislike the fellow, and told him that I was too bus- ily engaged in taking care of my pris- oners to do much talking.” ————— Mr. Stockton’s Graceful Answer. Frank R. Stockton, the story writer, was once drinking tea with a young lady, who said to him, “It seems in- consistent, Mr. Stockton, for us to put sugar in our tea to make it sweet, and then to put in lemon to make it sour.” “Ah, well,” replied the author of “The Lady, or the Tiger?” “but you know we like to have both women and men in society.”