The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, March 7, 1897, Page 22

THE SAN FRA JISCO CALL, SUNDAY, MARCH 7, 1897. CHARLES M. SHORTRIDGE, Editor and Proprietor. SUBSCRIPTION RATES—Postage Free: Dally and Sunday CALL, one week, by carrier. w.(l,; . Daily ne month, by mail. Sunday CALL, one year, by mail. W AAKLY CaLL, ODe year, by mi BUSINESS OFFICE: 710 Market Street, San Francisco, California. Telephone. .Maln—1868 EDITORIAL ROOMS: 517 Clay Street. Telephone... ...Maln—1874 BRANCH OFFICES 627 Montromery street, corner Clay; open untll 9:80 o'clock. 615 Larkin stree SW. corner Sixtee 9 o'clock. 518 Mission street: open until 9 o'clocks Ninth strect; open untii 9 o'clock. open until 8:30 o'clocks and Mission streets; open OAKLAND OFFIC! 808 Broadway. EASTERN OFFICE: Booms 31 and 52, 34 Park Row, New York Cltye DAVID M. FOLTZ, Eastern Manager. During the week ending yes- terday THE CALL published 4615 of advertisements, which is inches D4 inches more than was published by any other San Francisco newspaper during the same time. Now, then, for harmo: Let us make it an era of good feeling. The way to have prosperity is to work for it. There should be no factions opposition to the tariff. Let us start the boulevard as a highway to better times. Don’t fail to subscrib» to the fund to provide work for the unemployed. When all classes of citizens work together great things are accomplished. The cloudy skies give the outiook for agriculture all the brichtness of sunshine. The great powers have found they can- not take Greece out of Crete with solt s0ap. If we get the new tariff bill by the 1st of July we will make ihe Fourth glorious, indeed. The Greek backbone is strong enough to make a bold front and may be strong enough to win A war in the Levant would send wheat prices sky high and it may come before the next crop is ready. In the task of restoring prosperity the people have a responsibility hardly less than that of the Government. No one objects to Cleveland’s duck- shooting trip this time. We have in Washington a much better man to attend to business. This ought to be a great year for carni- vals in this country, as the people were never more joyous or more in a mood to have 8 jubilee. No objection was made the Senate to any member of McKinley's Cabinet ex- cept Bliss, and yet everybody knows that where there is harmony there is sure to be bliss. Since a war against her has been raised in the Caroline Islands as well as in Cuba and the Philippines, Spain will have reason to believe that all islands are of a volcanic nature. Not a single sentence in McKinley’s message tends to stir up strife among the people. It said the right things in the right way and appeals to the sentiments of all patriotic people. The story that microbes four inches long have been found in Chicago water was probably started by some visitor 1o the city who drank <o much Chicago beer that he was unaole to tell the difference between a microbe and a sausage. The Boston Transcript says that the seven wonders of America are Niagara Falls, Yosemite Valley, Mammoth Cave, Muir Glacier, Natural Bridze, Yellowstone Park and the Grand Canyon of the Colo- rado. The list is good, but why Kansas was left out is anotier wonder. According to Mr. Prater of St. Louis, the time is soon eoming when farmers will receive about $25 per acre for their cornsta.ks after the corn and fodder have been stripped from them. The stalks, he wiil be used in making cellulose, celluloid, smokeless gunpowder, lacquer, cattle feed, rocfing material and a material that will answer every purpose of papier mache. At the recent municipal elections in Philadelphia five women were elected to the school board, so that now there are eleven women in that body representing nine out of the thirty-eight wards of the city. The success of the women is re- garded by the pressof Philadelphia asa matter for congratulation, and the predic- tion is made that before long every ward will have at least one woman to represent it as a sciool director. A few years ago some enterprising man brought water hyacinths from Venezuela asa fine plant to adorn the grounds of one of the big hotels in Florida. The plant got into the rivers of the State and thrived like the rabbit in Australia. It now impedes navigation on such impor- tant streams as the St. John, and serves as another warning to man not to be too hasty in propagating either plants or ani- mals in lands where nature has not placed them. Senator Wolcott, who has just returned ifrom Europe, says: ‘“An intetnational ucreement for the remonetization of silver is entirely feasible, and its accomplish- ment rests larzely with the United States and is dependent on the course we pur- sue.” This statement is encouraging, and taken 1n compection with McKinley's vromise that ‘international bimetallism will have early attention gives hope that this issue is like the tar:ff—will soon be aut of politics. PUBLIC RESPONSIBILITY. In the beginning of this new administration and in the efforts made tc hasten the coming of a new era of prosperity, it must be borne in mind that the people havea responsibility bardly less than that imposed upon Congress and the President. To achieve the best results from the legislation which is expected, it is essential that there should be harmony among classes of citizens and cordial co-operation in the task of restoring public confidence and upbuilding the industries of the country. We rightly count upon Congress to act promptly in adopting a new tariff which will provide an adeq uate revenue to the Government and afford protection Ameri- can labor. We expect the Senate as well as the House to be prompt in enacting the new measure. While we have these expectations, it is only right that -we should act in accordance with them. It will be in vain to look for harmony in Congress if there is no harmony among the people. If dissensions exist among citizens they are cer- tain to be reflected and possibly exaggerated at Washington, and the result will be discord snd antagonisms which will seriously impair the force even if they do not wholly baffle all efforts made to provide the much needed legislation. In a particular degree the newspapers of the country are charged with responsibil- ity at this time. They should give to the Goyernment every support required for the best results and should abstain from all attacks of a mere partisan or factional char- acter. The new tariff should not be assailed as the work of spoilsmen and corpora- tions; it should not be denounced as favoritism shown to thq rich against the poor. No attempt should be made to prejudice the public mind against it in advance. On the contrary the press should wait until the tariff bill is presented before it enters upon the work of criticising it, and even then the com ments should be directed to the end of making it in every way beneficial to the welfare of the people. There will be room enough for legitimate criticism in pointing out how particular schedules may possibly be changea to advantage, without resorting to mere partisan attacks and de- nunciations designed for no other purpose than that of discrediting the bill and ex- citing the passions of the ignorant and the prejudices of one class of men against another. The new administration ought to be for feeling. America the beginning of an era of good It ought to see the end of those prolonged antagonisms over economic ques- tions which have disturbed the country ever since the appearance of Grover Cleve- land in publc life. and creditor should work together. rience. of the country and furnisning employment well as Congress should recognize their responsibility at this juncture. come for harmony and co-operation. than is expected in some quarters we shall the normal conditions of American life. The time has come when labor and capital, rich and poor, debtor We have passed through a most disastrous expe- Every one 10w recognizes the supreme importance of reviving the industries to labor. The people and the press as The time has Let us act together, and in a time much sooner achieve a return to prosperity and restore VICIOUS JOURNALISM. In the great cities of Europe and of the East the attention of students of social topics has baen called to the extraordinary increase in recent years of jnvenile crime. In New York this phase of depravity has been startling, and there has been much discussion concerning the cause of it, ana the best methods of remedying the evil. The course of the discussion has made clear the fact that all investigators are agreed that the chief if not the sole cause of the increase of crime among juveniles is due to a crime-loving and crime-pro- ducing newspaper press. Mr. Gerry, presi- dent of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children, in New York City, in discussing the extraordinary increase of child criminals in that community, says: The first course of their training in vice is what may well be called vicious journalism. Lurid stories of crime, illustrated by vivid pictures representing criminals in daring and attractive attitudes; descriptions of criinals arrested for gross immoralities, with the like pictorial fllustrations; narratives of these and | especially of children charged with crime, | where all the details are elaborated with the greatest care. with their pictures often of & | salaclous character, making a deep-seated and deep-rooted impression. Any one conversing with children held for crime may soon learn whence the suggestions of crime are derived. They are only too ready to talk on the subject, and frequently to compare their exploits with those chroricled in these newspapers. This presents a new phase of the evils of decadent journalism. The wrong done 10 society by such papers as the New York Journal and the San Francisco Ezaminer has been repeatediy made known. So of- fensive have these papers become 10 | decent people that in New Yorka bill has been introduced into the Legislature to prevent the publication of the pictures of citizens without their consent. This bill, which seems a blow at the liberty of the press, is cordia!ly supparted by many of the leading pupers in New York on the ex- press ground that decadent journalism has carried liberty to sucha d-gree of license that the welfare and decency of society re- quire some restriction upon the privileges which have been hitherto accorded to American newspapers. The support given to the New York bill | shows that decadent journalism is danger- | ous to the press inasmuch as it. threatens to compel the public to seriously restrict the freedom which journalism baslo..g en- joyed. The newspaper profession there- fore even more than society generally has reason to denounce, condemn and use ail its efforts to force these foul and effensive journals out of the ranks of the profes- sion. Society at large, however, will find in the reports of the increase of juvenile crime sufficient reason why it should co- operate with legitimate newspapers in the war against fake and foul journalism, and for that reason we call particular attention to the discussion now goingon in New York and te the statement quoted from President Gerry. The remedy for the evil is well stated by the New York Post: The press will never become moral or decent by dint of exhortation. The only argument that can reach it, short of a severe penal statute, 1s the argument of the aimighty doliar. Cut off the profits of crime-breeding newspapers and you would be surprised to see how moral they would become. We do not propose to waste any breath on newspaper proprietors. Itis to the general public, to the Christian men and women who buy their daily poison, to the business men and philan- thropists who keep their wretched and fn- fectious sheets alive by advertising in them, that the appeal should be made. Theirs is the responsibility and in their hands is the remedy. NEW CHEMISTRY Of FARMING The study of bacteria is continually magnifying our knowledee of the im- portant part these tiny microbes perform in the works of nature. Aiter the won- derful revelation of the natureof various diseases, never understood till this micro- scopic life was scientifically observed, we were next surprised by the accounts of the skilled cultivation of choice breeds of bacteria for use in producing butter of surpassing flavor and keepiag qualities. As if wonders are never to cease, now comes Dr. Henry W. Wiley, chief of the division of chemistry in the Federal De- partment of Agriculture, to tell us that bacteria are busy in ail agricultural soils preparing plant food, and that the roots of our growing crops do not and cannot directly take up the mineral substance of the =o0il and organize it into plant life. This curious fact was explained in a lecture recently delivered by Dr. Wiley to the chemical section of the Franklin In- stitute upon the subject of “‘Soil Ferments Important in Agriculture.” He stated that the old idea that the soilis an inert mass of mineral tatter has given way to the new conception of the soil as a living organism, and that the production of arable soil is known to be largely due to the activities of certain forms of .bacteria, which decompose the jnert mineral sub- stances. In addition to the minute or- ganisms which dissolve the soil particles there are others active in preparing or- ganic food for absorption and assimila- tion by plants. This discovery h: already been found | wicked ana the lazy. Jto be of great practical importance. It was learned tnat the microbes worked by a process called nitrification, whick is the conversion of ammonia and its compounds into nitrous acid, and from a study of the successive steps in this operation it was deduced that nitrogenous fertilizers should be applied in moderate quantities. Practical results have alsa been obtained by the artificial production of a breed of bacteria which bave the power of absorb- ing free nitrogen from the air and present- ing it in availeble form for the plants. Some years ago Dr. Wiley predicted the farmer would soon be supplied by the chemist’s laboratory with the bacteria suitable for growing his crops, and last year a nitrifying ferment was produced called “nitragin,” which is sown on the crops and greatly facilitates their growth. The rapid advance of science in compre- hending nature’s secrets promises such an increase of man's dominion of the earth that the next century may be bringing us such a submission of matter to mind as will make life royally rich to all but the This new knowl- edge of the chemistry of farming may bea long step toward such scientific agriculture as will make the means of sustenance so abundant all men will have time for much beyond the work of earning a living. EXCLUDED. 1t will be seen by our Oregon dispatches of this morning that the trustees of the library of Portland have excladed the Ez- aminer from that institution on the ground that it is unfit to be read. The state. ments of the trustees show that the action was not taken hastily nor without due consideration. Their atiention having been called to the character of the paper by the procests against it in legitimate journals, the trustees investigated it and found that the charges were well founded and that the Ezaminer is really too inde- cent to be allowed a place in their public reading-room. The action taken by the Portland library is doubly satisfactory inasmuch as it not only puts the stamp of official condemna- tion on decadent journalism, but shows that the earnest -protests of legitimate journals have had weight in impressing upon the public mind the extent of the evil influence of such vile, vulgar and venal publications. It is also gratifying to learn that public opinion in Portland strongly sustains the action of the trus- tees. The exclusion of the disreputable sheet is everywhere approved, and ample evidence is given that in Portland at any rate the sensationalisms and 1indecencies or decadent journalism are condemned as they should be. It is only a question of time when the example set in Portland will be followed eisewhere. It isindeed probable that ba- fore long such papers will be excluded from the mails. The benefits which San Francisco and California would derive trom such exclusion are many. The wholé State suffers from the foul and false stories which the Ezaminer sends abroad. 1¢injures the repute of the City and the" State wherever it goes. It defamesone half the people in order to corrupt the other balf. The trustees of the Portland Library bave done well for California, therefore, as well as for Portland in excluding the slum journal from the reading-room and the files. WORK FOR THE PEOFLE. President McKinley has shown a true appreciation of the c ndition of the coun- try by stating in his ipaugural address that the responsibilities of the high office he bes assumed are augmented at the present time ‘‘by the prevailing busi- ness conditions, entailing idleness upon willing labor and loss to useful enter- prise.”” He has furthermore shown a statesmanlike capacity in dealing with these evils by the remedies which ne pro. poses for them. Expressed in its simplest terms the policy which the President urges upon Congress is the adoption of a tariff which will furnish an adequate revenue to the Government and aftord work for the un- employed. It is an illustration of McKinley’s inter- est in American labor that in the course of his address he gave more consideration to the problem of giving employment to American labor than to that of providing a revenue for the Nation. Each is, of course, important, and the fact is well un- derstood by the President, but neverthe- less he devoted more of his address to the welfare of the people than be did to the National revenues. He knows that when the home is prosperous the Republic is prosperous, and that the bgst way to se- cure National welfare is to provide for the personal prosperity of every industrious citizen. “The depression of the past four years,”’ says the President, “has fallen with a spe- cial severity upon the great body of the toilers of the country, and upon none more than the holders of small farms. Agriculture has languished and labor suffered.” He urges therefore measur which will promote the interests of the farmers and secure to labor the appor- tunities of earning the wages to which it is entitled. He strikes directly at the evil which affects the couatry. He aims in a broad National way to give work to the unemployed. Itis evident that this is to be in the full sense of the word a workingman's ad- ministration. Its most careful thought and its sirongest energies will be direcred to procuring for the American working- man “an honest dollar and the chance (o earn it.” To provide work for the work- ers will be the chief object of McKinley’s care. He has ever been known as the champion of the workingman, and with proper support from Congress can Dbe counted on to do much to provide oppor- tunities for'labor and to carry comfort into every home, What is done for the workers will be done for the commaunity at large. As the President said in his inaugural address, *‘Legislation helpful to producers is bene- ficial to all.” His administration there- fore means first of all work for the work- ers, ‘and sscondly the improvement of trade. These are the things the country most needs, and every class and condition of people may therefore rejoice in the ac- cession to office of the new auministration, and find gratification in the policy it has outlined for the country. : THE AGRICULTUEAL OUTLOOK. At no time during the history of Cali- fornia has the agricultural outlook of the Stat- been so completely dependent upon the action of Congress. Several years of {ree trade in some lines of produce and of a tariff S0 low on others that it is almost equivalent to free trade have served to un- duly depress these lines, not only in Cali- fornia, but throughout the United States. The wooi-growers of the country have been practically ruined, barley is away be- low what it ought to be selling for to-day, dried fruits are too cheap for profitable production, and so on down through a list of productions, all of which are di- rectly or indirectly affected by the present tariff. There never was a better outlook for the farmer, as far as abundance of crops is concerned, than at this moment. The winter has been remarkably propitious. Iv has been neither too wet nor too dry, neither too cold nor too warm. The farmer has had exceptional opportunities for getting in his crops to the best acvan- tage, As the result a vasc acreage has been sown to hay and grain and the plant looks well everywhere. Fruit-growers point to the remarkable showing of fruit- buds in their orchards. If no unforeseen disaster occurs the out- put of the great grain and fruit staples this year will be enormous. Nature is do- ing her part, and it only remains for Con- gress to perform its own in the matter to bless the State with one of the most pros- perous years in its history. If Congress places a reasonable tariff on those prod- ucts that need it the work is accom- plished. An additional import duty of, say, 2 cents per pound on prunes makes no dif- ference to the average consumer, but it means great rewards for the grower. Two cents per pound means the payment of his labor bills, material, taxes and inter- est. Itrepresents the difference between profit and loss. It means that he will sell his prunes at 414 cents per pound instead of 234 cents, and thatat the end of the year he will find a satisfactory profit to show for his investment. With the wool- grower the case is even mors pronounced. A suitable tariff on wool means to him the difference between independence and bankruptey or between financial life and death. It means the resuscitation of a paralyzed industry. And so on down the list. The indications are that Congress will revise the tariff on these lines. If it does, prosperity immediately smiles on the California agriculturist. True, he is better off to-day than his fellow-farmer of the ! Eastern States, but times are not as good with him as they were under a protective tariff, and he knows it. Accordingly his voice is heard in the land demanding pro- tection, and the chances are that he will getit. If he does he again becomes the most prosperous farmer in the world. As for wheat, the outlook for this chief staple is good. While no leading operator will hazard an opinion as to future prices, the general opinion among the best-posted men in the trade is that while quotations may be lower during the harvest season than they are now, nobody expects that they will fall to the low level of eeveral years ago. In other words, no intelligent man in the trade expects to see wheat again down to the cost of production for some time to come. As to future quota- tions, it is merely a question as to per- centage of profit. At present values wheat is a profitable crop. Hence, as far as present indications go, the agricultural outlook for California this yearisgood. If Congress gives the farmer his tariff it will be much better. THE NEW ENGINEER. At last we've got an engineer to run our “special” through! His name is Bill McKinley; he’s the man to do it, too. We'll have no more prolonged delays and smash- ups on the line, For his hand is on the throttie and you'll see he'll run her fine. We've had four years of wretchedness and dis- aster worse than—well, I won't say what Imeant to say, for 1t wouldn’t do totell In print whit of those years I think; but, whoop ! we're off at last ‘With an engineer who knows the road, and the long, dark tunnel’s passed! It made me fairly bubb'e o'er to see the way we ran ‘When we had the last old crew aboard, with that fat, pig-headea man Who thougnt he owned the whole concern, from the fireman to the boss. For he ran the train tosuls himselt, but he ranit 10 ourioss. Yes, I'm mighty giad there’s been a change the ‘whoie way 'long the line: We know the station now we'ra for, and we'll get there, too, on time: For the engineer we've got at last is tried and true as steel. ¥0, hurrah for Bill McKinley I Say ain’t that the way you feel? G. E. STARR. San Francisco, March 5. NEWSPAPER PLEASANTRY. Mother—What did you learn to-day at Sun- day-school? Cnild—About Noah. Mother—Can you remember who he was? Chila—He was a weather prophet. When he said it was going to rain no one believed him. “I hear that Mrs. Fourstar’s masquerade ball was perfect in every detail.” “It wes. Even the black head ducks on the supper menu masqueraded as canvas-backs.” —Evening World, A Kean—Isn't your wife afraid to drive that horse? % Steam—Not at all. It's the people she meets who are scared.—Hartford Times. Scrymser progressive?” Progressive? Wiy, that fellow can tell ‘when his wife is going to make mince pie; he always has the nightmare the night before.”— Chicago Record. Mr. Biggins—Molly, I guess you had better be looking around for another girl. I don’t believe Deborah will remain with us much longer. Mrs. Higgins—Why, what has given you that idea? Mr. Higgins—I lookea into the kitchen just now and saw her starting the fire with kero- sene.—Cleveland Leader.’ AROUND HE CORRILORS. Judge Matthew F. Johnson of Sacramento, who is presiding in Department 5 of the Su- parior Court of this City while Judge Hunt is in Sacramento trying the libel case of Gilman against the Daily Bee, is popular with the !l members of the San Francisco bar.. He has the same gentle manner that characterizes Judge Hunt's reign in Department 5, and it is said he can deny a motion for a continuance or an immediate trial in a way that will ac- tually arouse & feeling of gratitude in the breast of an average litigant, although an average litigant is almost universally con- ceded to be the most cantankerousand jo- tractable kind of an individualimaginable. “We people of the capital city are well satis- fled with the growth and prosperity of our community,” said Judge Johnson yesterday. “We watch with solicitude the extensive is designed to throw light on the ques- gres! tion. Tt would seem that both army and navy should not onlyshave the samecaliber but the same rifle. Occasiong may easily arise where in joint operations of the army and navy it may be necessary for one department to call upon the other fora supply of arms and am- munition. The navy especially should always be able to replenish its supply of small-arm smmanition at any of our coast forts, to the vietuity of which its vessels would naturally come. The matter of uniform calibers and ammunition- for heavy guns afloat and ashore is quite & different question, butit is to be hoped that the army and Davy may 800D agree on the same caliber for small arms, as they have alreads decidea on a uniform code of signals by flag or otherwise. 1t is designed to make Fort Wadsworth, at JUDGE MATTHEW F. JOHNSON of Sacrameunto Considering a Motion for ™~ Continuance. e building operations that are going on, and it looks s it we are justified in the belief that there is a solid Teason for hoping and expect- ing a continuance of the favorable conditions now prevailing. “To be sure few of our structures are over thres stories in height, but we regard them with the same pride that you metropolitans regard the new CALL building that so aspir- ingly pierces the clouds at the corner of Thira and Market streets. My wife and I were on K street the other day and she called my sttention to the crowds of well-dressed, busy people. We both Te- marked that 1t looked as lively as Kearny street on a pleasant afternoon. “Tne suburbs of Sacramento are increasing in population and importance. The improve- ments in the Oak Park neighborhood have been extensive and substantial during the two years just past. “Now that the racetrack and grounds of the State Agricultural Society are to be cutup into building lots and sold for private resi- dences the part of the city next to the Ameri- can River will also increase in population and prosperity veryrapialy. Governor Budd has signed the law allowing the sale of this prop- erty and streets will be cut through at once. This will open E, F and G streets, and in addi- tion to opening up a delightful tract for new homes will increase the value and accessibil- ity of the homes already established in that vicinity. “Outside the city there is a feeling of satis- faction with business prospects throughout the county. The smaller towns are thriving end the ranchers are doing as well as could reasonably be expected, considering the un- favorable conditions that have prevatled for several years throughout the Nation, “Growth of the community necessitated the establishment of a third department of the Superior Court, and 5o the people chose Judge Joe Hughes and Judge ’Lige Hart. You know they call me Judge Matt Johnson in Sacra- mento. Your Judges down here, I suppose, wonld object to that way—say Judge Hunt or Judge Wallace or Judge Coffey or Troutt or any of the others—but we are used to it and don’t kick. You see, Sacramento to a great extent preserves the traditions and ethics of the days of '49. That's why we alllive to- gether something like the manner of a big family, and if we have troubles of our own they are, after all, only family troubles.” Judze Johnson is accempanied by Mrs, John- son, who came with the hupe and expectation of a fortnight ot good weather, but it has rained every day since her arrival. The lady smiles somewhat regretfully as she spesks of her interrupted pleasures, and thinks that so far as amusement is concerned Sacramento is equal to if not superior to San Franeisco in rainy weather. SMALL-CALIBER RIFLES. The adoption of the small-caliber magazine rifle by the different nations has been proba- Dbly the most marked change in infantry equip- mentof the past decade—in fact amounting & most to & revolution. Franceinitiated the new movement, to be followed in rapid suc- cession by the other nations. This, with the stmultaneous adoption of smokeless powder, has become a great factor in altering the tactics not only of infantry but of cavalry and artillery as well, since tactical formations must always depend primarily on the kina of arm used by the enemy and by ourselves. The new rifle gives a higher velocity to the bulletand longer range. As a further result of the increased velocity we have a flatter trijectory, which in turn has increased the deadly zone to 400 yards, and the danger zone, or space within which the bullet in i1s flight does not rise above a man’s head, is now thrice that distance. At 7300 yards, or over four miles, the bullets still have velocity enough to cause severe injury. But, possibly, the most marked effect at- tendant on the introduction of the new small- caliber arm is in the number of rounds carried Dy the soldier. Where former:y the infantry soldier could carry but seventy rounds,and often went into battle with only twenty rounds in his ecariridge-box, he now carries 150 rounds or more. The German soldier on going into battle will have on his person 200 rounds, with 100 rounds more immediately available in the ammunition train. This, combined with the facility of rapid firing afforded by the magazine principle, has greatly compii- cated the question of ammunition supply to the line of battle. Fre discipline, always so important, hus now become doubly so. Undisciplined or raw troops ure especiaily liable to waste their am- munition, and lack of ammunition wil doubt- less decide many battles in the future. The Krag-Jorgensen rifle, with which the army is now equipped, h-s a caliber of .30 inch, being about & medium between those of other powers. The navy, in the selection of a new arm, seems to have gone to an extreme in the adoption of the Lee rifie with a caliber of only .236 inch. The reason fof the adoption of a different caliber from that in use in the army is not apparent, especiaily as grave doubts exist whether in the .30-caliber the limit has not been passed and a point reached where (he “stopping power” of the bullet has peen sacrificed to a reduction in weight and increase of number of rounds to be carried. A resolution recently introduced into Con- the entrance to New York harbor, & type fort. Here will soon be installed a type system for the control of heavy artillery firs. The solution of this problem, the import- ance of which in sea-coast defense is second only to that of guns and forts, has been in- trusted to the Board on the Regulation of Sea- coast Artillery Fire. This bosrd is composed of artillery officers of the highes ability and the subject has received the careful and pro- longed stuay which iis importance demands. The result will be a system of tactics for heavy artillery designed to realize from the guns their maximum effect in action. The new Army Register for 1897 shows a total of 2145 officers on the active list, divided into 532 staff and 1613 line. The latter is composed or 445 cavalry, 288 artillery and 880 infantry officers. Of the total number 31 are “additional” second lientenanis, graduates of West Point, appointed in excess of the normai number, and indue time to be appointed as tull second lieutenants. Of the “old army” who served ‘“befo’ de wah” 60 still remain on the active list, while 46 officers appear as having served more than twenty years in one grade. Of ihese, 14 are first lieu tenants of artiilery, 6 of whom served during the War of the Rebellion. Surely, pro- motion in the United States army 1n time of peace is not 50 rapid s to be especially daz- zling! A new act of Congress authorizes officers now in the regular service and who served in tne war of the rebellion to bear the title and on occasions of ceremony to wear the uniform of the highest rank held by tbem. Atthe termi- nation of the war many meritorious volunteer officers were given commissions in the regular service, but necessarily of a much lower grade than in their volunteer service. General Miles, now at the head of the army, after serving as major-general of volunteers, was made colonel of an infantry regimeat. To prevent confusion a law was finally passed prohibiting an officer from using or being ad- dressed by any title except that pertaining to his actual rank. Owing to changes and pro- motions the new law will affect comparatively few officers now in the service, but notably in the case of a number of captains who will now become “major” and of a few first lieutenants of artillery who will henceforth be entitled to wear the gold leal. PER:ONAL F. R. Brown of Madera is in the City. E. P. Borden ot Philadelphia is at the Palace. E. A. Bunce, a mining man of Alamo, is at the Russ. Dr. C. C. Gleaves of Dunsmuir arrived here yesterday. R. D. Church of Portland, Oregon, is at the Occidental. Howard Kinney of New York isa latearrival atthe Palace. Ross Guill of the lava beds, Modoc County, is in the City. J. F. Dennis, the well-known attorney of Reno, is in the City. A. B. Datgolz, & business man of Astoris, Oregon, is in the City. H. C. Anderson of London, and Mrs. Ander- son. are at the Occidental. D. H. Hutchison, & business man of Marsh- field, Oregon, is at the Lick. George E. Willlams of Modoc County is among the late arrivals here. A. H. Moore and wife of Vallejo are regls- tercd at the Cosmopolitan Hotel. Charles Merrill of San Jose is in the City and staying at the Cosmopo.itan Hotel. A. W. Colton of Toledo, Ohio, is fu the City, accompanied by his wife and daughter. Robert Nixon Jr. of the Yreka Journal ar- rived here yesterday, and is at the Grand. W.J. (;enkwy, & prominent business man of Reno, Nev., is staying at the Cosmopolitan Hotel. Captain Hepry Glass has been ordered to take charge of the Mare Island Navy-Yard, and will do so April 1. Among the late arrivals here is Colonel W. J. Sutherland of Nevada, who has been several months in the East and Europe. He was for l?verll years in the mines at Candelaris, Nevada. He isat the Palace. Rey. Dr. C. W. Clinton, Bishop of the African M. E. Zion Church, arrived here yesterday. He will vrobably remain on the Pacific Coast several months. He is thirty-eight years old, the son of slave perents, aud entered the church at the age of twenty. T. E. Dayis of Bound Brook, N. vance agent of eighiy or ninety Christian® Endeavorers of New Jersey, who want to at- tend the great convention here during the coming summer, is at the Occidental. His purpose in coming 13 to arrange quarters for his people. Attorney and ex-State Senator Frank Me- Gowan of this City left on yesterdav’s steamer Pomona for his old home at Eureka, Cal. where he will be for several weeks engaged in legal'batties. He 1s the retained attorney for some of the leading redwood manufacturers of the north, and he will appear in the large damage suits, aggregating $500,000, against the A. Korbell Company, mow pending in | Humboldt County. ALIFORNiANS N NEW YORK NEW YORK, N. Y., Mareh 6.—Dr. and 3 Kasvar Pischiarrived’on the Ailan from men. W. L Lock left the Plaza to sail on ¢ Utnbris. At the Plaza, 8. W. Anderson; Square, C. A. fumner; Hoffman—s nm‘l, M. Lynch, G. Stout; Sinclair, J. E. Holland, Mr. Maddox; St Denis, Mrs. Freuch; Cosmopolitan, F. Corueil; Gra Union, Mrs. C. E. Heriz¥ll; Astor, P. L. Ko claiowski; Sturtevant, H. H. Mears; Metropoli. tan, N. G. Price. THANKS LUE F i(H:iR YORKE San Franclsco Voice of Labor. Father Yorke should have the thanks of a]l good citizens for his manly denunciation of the pr ze-fight 10 take place on St. Patrick's day at Carson, Nev. E. H. BLACK, painter, 120 Eddy straet. st e s IcECREAM and cakes. Guiller's, 905 Larkin Bl § e s Cal. glace fruit. Palace Hotel bldg.s NEW aesigns in fire-etched boxes. Townsend’s.* ——————— TOWNSEN) Sir Arthur Sullivan has composed a new Victorian ballet, for which he is to rec $10,000. His “Mikado” is soon to be pro. duced in Brussels for the first time in Freach, £prcrAn information daily to manufacturasy, business houses and public men by the Prayy Clipping Bureau (Allen’s), 510 Montgomery e, Bishop Quintard of Tennessee was in the Confederate army, and his first work after the war was to plant a cross on Sewanee Moun- tain, where the University of the South aiter. ward rose through his energy. “The Overland L and a Half Days to Chicago. The Unfon Paclfic s the only line rueniag Pai- man donble drawing-room and tourist sleepers and dining-cars, San Franclsco to Chicago d without change. Buffet, smoking and librar Ogden to Chicago. Tickets and sleeplug-car reser- vatlons at 1 Montgomery st. D. W. Hitchcocs, General Agent, San Francisco. — —————— ANY one troudled at night with a persisten: cough can procure much-needed res: by takiug & dose of Ayer's Cherry Pectoral, ———— Ir afflicted with sore eyes use Dr. Isaac Thomp- son’s Eye Water. Druggls:s sell it at 25 cents. —_———— Bismarck's Boswell, Herr Moritz Busch, studied theology, but in 1848 went into poli- tics as a violent Democrat, came to the Unit Stategabout the same time as Carl Sch aua for a short time filled the pulpit of a G man church. NEW TO-DAY. HANDSOME PRESENTS. PRETTY PRESENTS. DAINTY PRESENTS. USEFUL PRESENTS. FREE WITH YOUR Teas, Coffees, Spices. W 50C PURCHASE. 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