The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, January 28, 1896, Page 10

10 THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, TUESDAY, JANUARY 28, 1396 FATHER YORKE ON THE JESUITS, The Catholic Champion Re- plies to Rev. Dr. Wendte. BOTH IN Pleasantries Indulged In by Par- ticipants in the Creat Discussion. THE PASTOR'S ABLE CRITICISM. Clever Verbal Fencing by the Learned Contestants in the Present Controversy. The following communication by Rev. | Father Yorke has been received by THE CaLL: Jaxu. 7, 1896. tor of the Call—DEAR 1 remark sure that the Rev. Dr. Wendte returns ) the con rsy. Itis evident that zood humor this morning, wit much taste and el describes one ot the charac- ’_as having a feeling in his was not sure whether e or indigestion. er Dr.Wendte's controversial d by his literary success or e pretty quarrel which has sprungup between the Rev. Dr. Wendte and the Rev. Mr. | 2 1 hav re to interfere. As both | ong to_the same denomination I suppose hemselves at liberty to pummel n a spirit of fraternal charity. 2 et quam jucundum habisere Still they would doubtless n of &n o However, fratres in un resent the in domestic broil from v king t ensed by Dr. We this ¢ o describe my opp ider in a purely 1 cannot refrain 1 have been ac- ng harsh terms in yet gone so far as o )onent as & man saturated with lymph. Dr. Wendte has devoted considerable space to his personal opinion of me and of my atti- tude. 1 ersonality has very he discussion. That Dr. We ce that my sentiments are loyal, or that I can ess to stand by my oath of allegiance, argues very lit- tle ace \ce with Catholics on his pert or Since the foun- numbered multi- his Re tude of Catho 10 defend the flag against al Wendte imagine that they S by & reservation in favor hat I'said d been said yei hop Kenrick, and 100, it was : layman of hen he de- yr Rome, but I would as soon take my politics from Constanti- nople.” ANSWER THE QUESTION. But after all this is not the question. Dr. Wendte started out by ssse that & con- sistent Catholic cannot be a loyal American. With cheins of quotations he bound us to the stake, and, hand in hand with Mr. John S. Hittell, he execy ce around us, But alas and al. n the chaln were not cleverly forged Ir. Jonn S. Hittell lies hors de combat while Dr. Wendte sits ululant on his remains. To one point I wo the judicious reader, 4 draw the attention of nd that is the strange indisposition to answer my question mani- fested by Dr. Wendte. He had been talking much and mighuly about church and state and divided aliegiance. I therefore put it to him plainly: -What would you do ifa Unitarian congregation came in conflict with the laws of a State?” He has answered never a word 1 regard tnis silence as ominous. - We are deal- ing now with church and state and Dr. Wendte is dumb. He hes usked me what I would do and I have answered without reluctance. In return, I would have been better pleased had he giv less soft soap and_more informa- tion. do, Dr. Wendte, 1f your What would v congregation came If you do not reply I inten tion of the Canadinns and who have undertaken tions, to your suspicic of THE Ca conflict with a State? to call the atten- ew Brunswickers, ) protect our institu. reticence. The readers ious for vour answer. Break the in of silence which has hung over you too long. Let ion of the problem: “Wh itarianism got into suld you do & conflict with a DR. WENDTE'S LOGIC. Dr. Wendte began by attempting to prove that Catholics could not be loyal to the state, he ends by attempting 1c burned heretics and thatthe Jesuits tanght regicide. Even if both these counts were ad- mitted, how would they show_that Catholics cannot be loyal to American citizenship? I Wendte's logic does not possess the qualities one would expect from his claims concerning “Protestant scholarship.”” I regret to say that he appears to be entirely unacguainted with the structure of tne syllogism, and_to be hope- Jessly indifferent to the rules laid down for the proper management of ‘‘Barbara Celarent, Dari, Ferioque.” However, we must not e: pect 100 much irom “Protestant scholarship, A complete indifference to dates is happil supplemented by a complete disregard for the rules of reasoning. But let me come to Dr. Wendte’s quotations about regicide. The state of the question is this: (1) Dr. Wendte stated thatSuarez taught that regicide was lawful in the case of an heretical king, and that this teaching resulted in the assassination ot Henry 111, Henry IV and Wil- liam of Orange at the instigation of the priest- hood. In answe. (a) I denied that the assassination of the princes mentioned was instigated by the priesthood, and I challenged Dr. Wendte to Pproduce his proofs. Dr. Wendte is silent. (b) 1 asserted thet in the places cited there | nations had constituted the Pope the supreme | was not a solitary syliable about regicide, Dr. Wendte says 1io more about his reference. With the characieristic accur: of “Protestant scholarship’” he l‘unles ancther book. (c) I asserted that neither Bellarmine nor Suarez held that regicide was lawful. Dr. Wendte had defined regicide as the murder of & king because he was a heretic. The doctor replies: I will now examine a few of the principal pleas made by Father Yorke in defense of. his church. | But first be asks me 10 sustain certain of my di- Tect charges agalust jt by other or better proof. I will grailfy him. To begin with, the question of regicide. He denies my asserfion that the Jesuits have taught it as a justifiable act. I am surprised at his boldness in denying what Is 80 general'y admitted and known and can be 8o easily proven. Thus Suarez, to whom my opponent especially refers, in_his Wwork, Do Figeh (1tbe Vi, cap. 4), argucs that when the preservation of the state requires it the nation mey depose its sov- ereign, and may, if necessary, depute any person tokill him. This is especially true of an heretical prince, for heresy aunuls his title to the throne. Bull, as the Pope i3 aroiter of these questions & sentence of deposition should precede rebellion, To deny that the Pope could infiict such penalties on heretics, no matter what their rank, is to fall under the suspicion of heresy. Todeny that death 1s a natural punishment for heresy is to assail the whole system of persecution which the church has organized. But Suarez maintains that the de- posed king can only be kilied by those whom the Pope has especially authorized. (si papa regem deponat, ab iilis tantum poterit expelli vel inter- fici quibus ipse id commiserit,) Concerning this citation Wendte gives us to understand that he has gone to the trouble of verifying them and he says that he produces them. “To vindicate the truth of history, the accuracy of Protestant scholurship and my own honesty of statement I have gone through all this uncongenial labor.” Alas for the truth of history and the aceu- racy of “Protestant scholarship,” Dr. Wendte has been misled again by his second-hand authorities. Of course I take it for granted | that he has never seen Suarez. Though he did take liberties with Jouin, I do not belicve him capable of perpetrating the egregious blunders contained in his description of Suarez’s doc- trine. 1. In the first place Suarez wrote two books on fajth. One isentitled “Tractatus de Fide,” ora Treatise on Faith. The otner is called “Defensio Fidei Catholic Adversus Augii- cane Secta Errores,” or a Defense of the Cath- glic Faith against the Errors of the Anglican L. 2. The first is quoted as “De Fide,” or Of Faith, and can be tound in the twelith yolume of the works of Suarez, published at Paris by Vives in 1859. The second is quoted as “De- fensio Fidei Catholicz,” or Defense of he Catholic Faith, and iscontained in the twenty- fourth volume 'of the same edition. 8.Dr. Wendte has confounded the two GOOD HUMOR. | 1am not pre- | s hear your | prove that the church | and others Dr. | hooks. He gives the title of one book and the “‘chapter and verse” of the other. 4. Dr. Wendte's description of Suarez’s argument wobbles between the two treatises. A senjence from the “Defense’ is followed by asentence from ‘De Fide.” Then comes an- other sentence from *“The Defense,” and so on. The startling method of eviscerating two treatises to make a description of the argument contained in one is “the accuracy of Protestant scholarship.” SUAREZ'S TEACHING. Of course it goes without saying that Dr. Wendte's account of Suarez's teaching is ut- terly misleading. I have been complaining all | along that Dr. Wendte knows nothing about Catholic doctrine. If he would but shut him- self up for six months and read the twenty- four volumes of Suarez through, he wouid emerge from his seciusion a wiser but less con- troversial man. St. Jerome remarked long ago that every trade required an apprenticeship except the trade of expounding the Bible, If he lived in our days he might remark that while no man would think of writing about architecture or botany, or even physiology, without reading some’ standard works on the subject, & complete unacquaintance with Cath- olic literature is the best preparation for en- gaging in anti-Catholic controversy. The less the writer knows the more slashing the article. Now let me give the argument of Suarez as contained in his “Defense’ : First—He first states that theologians dis- tinguish two kinds of tyrants, One the tyrant who has unjustly usurped the supreme power in a State. The other a lawful King who con temns the public good, turns everything to hi private use and harasses, Tobs and kills his subject. As an example he cites Nero. cond—He supposes that the tyranny can- | not be ended in any way except by killing the tyrant. Third—He holds that in such & case it is law- ful for any one to stay a tyrant of the first | kind, namely, a usurper. Dr. Wendte cannot deny this unless he wishes to remounce the great examples of ancient patriotism—Har- modius, Aristogiton, Brutus—whom we were taught to admire in our youth. | . Fourth—In the case of a lawful King who has become a tyrant he holds that no private per- son has a right to kill him. This is regicide, as commonly understood, and Suarez holds that | it is not lawful. Fifth—In the case of alawful King who reigns tyrannicaily, the commonwealth can depose | &nd_expel him. Thus the fathers of this Re- public did to George 1II,and I am sure Dr. Wendte does not wish to call in question the wisdom of the declaration of independence. | Sixth—Ifitisimpossibleto effect the liberation of the commonwealth except by the death of the tyrant the people can order him put to death because, says Suarez, *the state is engaged in a just war against an unjust aggressor.’ The Unitarians who trace their ancestry to the Puritans of New England should not quarrel with this teaching. The High Court of Justice was established “to the end that no chief officer or magistrate might presume for the future to contrive the enslaving and destruc- tion of the nation with impunity.” The head of Charles I rolled irom the block because he was a tyrant, and his death was considered indispensable for the safety of the English commonwealth. If it be necessary on a continent which tolerates no Kings to deiend tyrants let that defense be oifered by others than the spiritual children of the “regicides.”” Surely Dr. Wendte must be very hard pressed for an argument against the church when he, & roundhead, is compelled to take his stand | with the cavaliers. HERETICAL KINGS. Now comes the question of heretical Kings. | Dr. Wendte wishes us to velieve that Suarez taught that because a King was a heretic he should be killed. Suarez does not teach such a doctrine. He is very careful to define what he means | by saying that heresy makes a King a tyrant. Here are his words. “Among Christians that sidered a 1yrant who force: heresy or apostacy or schism.” Does Dr. Wendte think that a King hasa right to force his religious opinions upon a people? When it was suspected that James Ii of England was trying to restore the Catholic | rince is to be con- his subjects into religion the English people repelled and brought over William of Orange. Will Dr. Wendte say they were not justified? That | James IT did not s owing to the outrageous c could keep up with himn when once he started 1o run. Dr. Wendte remembers, uo doubt, that one of the grievances which the Continental Con- gress urged against George III in th: early stages of the agitation was the danger to the Protestant religion from the Quebec act. In Armenia to-day, whnere a tyrant is forcing his religion upon a deienseless people—and aiter Dr. Dillon’s article in the Contemporary 1o one can doubt that is the real cause ot the persecution—would auy one gruage the car- casses of half a dozen Sultans if such an offer- ing were the only way to stop the slaughter? 11 Dr. Wendte would only go to Suarez and study that author he would not make such absurd accusations sgainst the Jesuits. complains that I have to explain away the facts he brings against me. 1 admit that I have to explain at length, but_the fault is Dr. Wendte's. He finds a toenail in his travels and he proceeds therefrom to construct a pterodaciyl. It may take him but two words 10 introduce his find to the public; it may take me a volume to explain the origin of the putty and paint and plaster of paris of which the monstrosity is composed. THE POPE AND HERETICAL PRINCES. | Suarez gives in this same chapter the com- mon teaching of the medieval theologians | about the deposing power of the Pope. | Ihave already explained— 1. That this power was exercised when the are the fate of his father is imple fact that he was such an European states recognized the old imperial | and Christian constitution. 2. That this constitution reguired the su- preme ruler to be a member of the Catholic chureh, just as at the present day the British constitution requires the sovereign to be a Protestant. 3. That the kings swore at their coronation 10 observe the Catholic religion and to protect it, and therefore when they became heretics they broke their coronation oath. 4. That by divine right the Pope can excom- municate even kings from the Catholic church. | 5. That as loug as public opinion supported the medieval constitution of Europe this sen- | tence of excommunication 1eant that the king | was deposed. 6. That as the civil conditions which pro- duced this state of affairs have nassed away, | the deposing power no longer exists. Now, in Suarez’ time the condition of Europe | was changing. Hestandsat the threshold of { modern times. As yet all hope had not fled | that the Protestant schism might be healed. and the theologians clung to the old_theories about church and state. hen, therefore, Suarez considers the case of a king who is reigning tyrannicaliy, whether by ordinary misconduct or by forcing his subjects into | heresy, he lays down the following rules: 1. it is lawiul for the people to depose a | tyrant. | 2 2. If the end can be attained by expelling 4im from the kingdom let him be expelled. | 8. If the end can be attained only by killing | him let him be killed by public authority. | 4. Inorder, however, to avoid the seditions | end tumults which occur in & revolution or a | popular rebellion a nation should act with deliberation in deposing a king. 5. To secure this deliberation the Christian court of Christendom. His duty it was tostate | when a king was acting as a tyrant. 6. Once this sentence was pronounced, eays | Suarez, it was not lawful for every prince to | wage war against him. 7. The Pope had no temporal power, there- fore he might commit the task of deposing the tyrant to any Christian prince. 8. If the Pope did not commit this task to any Christian prince it devolved upon the ;yr??l'a legal successor or on the kingdom tself. 9. Under no circumstauces should a private person undertake to depose or kill the tyrant. 10. Therefore, in the same manner if the Pope should depose a tyrant not every king or person should undertake to 1epose or kill him, but they to whom the Pope committed it. Here, then, is -Dr. Wendte's wonderful quo- tation in its vroper place: *‘In the same man- nerif the Pope should. depose & King, he can | be expelled OR killed oniy by those to whom | the Pope has committed that office.” | . Dr. Wendte’s translation, “that the deposed | King can only be killed by those,” etc., shows a profound ignorance of the Latin language. The tyrant was expelled from the kingdom to save the people. Only when simple expulsion | was not enough might the public authority | execute him. We see at once that the office of the Pope in this theory was that of a tribune of the people. He stood between tyrants and their subjects. In an age of force when kings relied on tneir sword the Pope was the prophet whose face was set like fliut against the iniquities of the | great. That we had not in theM iddle Ages a repetition of the cruelties of Nero and Domi- tiun was solely owing to the salutary fear that the people were notalone, but that the spiritual sword was ready to be drawn in their defense. | When after the crusades the public opinion | of Eumgc no longer supported ihe Pope then | began the era of great crimes in state and church. If Dr. Wendte would but read the modern historles of this period he might not judge so harshly of the papacy. Somebody as well said that for the past 300 years his- | tory has been a conspiracy against truth. This | saying was never more applicable then to | the history of the Popes. But lies cannot last forever, and little by little the | learned are coming to recognize that the posi- | tion of the medieval Pontiffs was the salva- | tion of Europe. Without them the world might | Dow be in the condition of the dominions of the Caliphs. They were & nesessary feature in the evolution of free institutions, and it Dr. Wendte lives to-day in _a civilized land in the enjoyment of lib- erty secured by law he owes it to those old | Poves who lovea Ju!tlce and hated iniquity | and who too ofien died that the people might | be saved. THE LATER JESUITS. In his description of the teachingsjof the later Jesuits Dr. Wendte is so unnfi'\mnmi ard that neither friend nor foe | He | with the history of the times that he falls into the usual contradictions of “ Protestant scholar- ship.” He brings doctored quotations from these writers to prove that heretical kings could be lawfully killed, and then he instances the deaths of Henry 111 and Henry IV as the result of this teaching. 3 Does Dr. Wendte know that both these kings were Catholics? 3 0w, let me say here that the doctrine of the later Jesuits is precisely the doctrine of Suarez. Even Mariana, whose just and patriotic senti- ments Dr. Wendte quotes with such abhor- rence, did not go a step beyon1 tne theory I have already described. The suppression of Mariana’s book was purely a neace measure. The petty Protestant despots of Europe were in mortal terror that any one should defend the people’s rights. Hence complaints were entered against the society. The Parliamentof Paris and the Sor- bonne, two authorities which had only a few vears before promulgated the same doctrines, also denounced the Jesuits. The general, who knew that the question was a speculative question and in no way touching on the faith, ordered the discussion to cease and publicly declared that the society did not hold the doc- trines imputed to it by its enemles. To conclude this matter let me give the true teaching of the Jesuits on the deposition of kings jn & summary form. 1. Kings who become tyrants may be deposed and if necessary killed, 2. This deposition takes place by pubtic au- thority 3. A king becomes a tyrant— (a) By violating the rights of his subjects. (b) By forcing them into heresy. 4. The supreme court of Europe or the Po) should pronounce the sentence and name the person 1o carry it out. The first three provisions are plein, common sense. The fourth resulted from the medieval con- stitution of Europe. Having thus disposed of Dr. Wendte's charges on ‘“regicide’” I will deal with his quotations concerning heretics to-morrow. Yours truly, P. C. YORKE. e T b DR. WENDTE’S LETTER. He Congratulates Himself and Op- ponent on the Prospects of an Amicable Conclusion. Rev. Charles W. Wendte, in his latest communication to the Examiner, in the controversy with Rev. Father Yorke, con- gratulates himself and his opponent upon the prospect of the discussion enaing ‘‘as amicably as it began.” He thinks that of the great value of the discussion in pre- senting true Protestant, true Catholic and true American doctrine for the clearing of | men’s minds there can be no doubt. Fol- lowing, he says: I will now examine a few of the principal pless made by Father Yorke in defense of his churcn. But first he asks me to sustain cer- tain of my direct charges against it by otheror better proof. I will gratify him. To begin vith, the question of regicide. He denies my ertion that the Jesuits have taughtitas a justifiable act. Iam surprised at his boldness | in denying what is so generally admittea and | known and can be so easily proven. Thus Su- | arez, to whom my opponent especially refers, in his work, “De Fide’’ (lib. vi, cap. 4), argues that when the preservation of the state requires it the nation may depose its sovereign, and may, if necessary, depute any person to kill him. This is cially true of an_heretical prince, for heresy annuls his title to the throne. | Still, as the Pope is arbiter of these questions, a | sentence of ceposition should precede rebel- | lion. To deny that the Pope could inflict such penalties on heretics, no matter what their rank, is to fall under the suspicion of heres To deny that death is & natural punishme for heresy is to assail the whole system of per: secution which the church has organized. But Suarez waintains that the deposed king can | Iy be killed by those whom the Pope has | especially authorized. (Si papa regem deponat | ab illis tantum poterit expelli vel interfici | quibus ipse id commiserit.) 1it Mariana is even more outspoken s subject. In his book, “De Rege et | stitutione,” libri 111, Mogunt, 1605, : 1, chapters 1 to 5, he trents especially of the deposition and destruction of tyrants. If | there is no possibility of a popular rebellion | every private person has the right to kill such & oue, not only by open violence, but by secret means, as, for instance, by poison. Like a ferocious monster, he is to be the quarry of everybody. (Omnium telisexagitardum statuas quasi_condele monsirum telis incubans.”—Ch. 6, p. 58.) Mariana speaks with great appreciation of the tyrannizides of antiquity, and relates with evidént admiration tke recent assassination of Henry 111 of France by the Dominican, Cle- ment—a ‘‘monimentum nobile,” as he terms his deed. He tells how this young Dominican, | | impelled by religious enthusiasm and having fortificd his courage by the services of tne chureh, had contrived to obtain an interview with the King, and had stabbed him to death with a poisoned knife and himselt fell beneath the swords of the attendants., “Thus,” he says, “did_Clement perish, as many deem the eter- | nal honor of France * * * ‘a higher might Gonfirming his courage and sirength.” | “Happy, indeed, were it for mankind if there | were many of stch unflinching resolutions as to sacrifice life and happiness for the liberty of their country, ete. (ch. 6, p. 60). Earlier than Mariana, & Jesmt whose literary donym was Rainold, justified tyrannicide in his ““De Justa Republice Christiane in reges impios et hmreticos auctoritate,” issued in 1592, with the approbation of the Jesuit order and the King of Spain. Concerning heretical | kings, he says: “Such & one 1s the greatest criminal among men, and, according to Holy Writ, niust be put to death,” ete. Dr. Wendte quotes the Jesuit Molina, Keller, Servies and others on the same | lines and savs: In this connection I may mention that ac- | cording to the eminent and_trustworthy Ger- man church historian, Dr. Karl Hase, in the | principal college of the Jesuits at Paris & pic- ture formerly hung which represented the | Huguenot King Henty IV as being dragged | down to hell by demons, while his assassin, | Ravaillac, was being lifted to heaven by an. | gels. | Still insisting upon his belief in the ut- | teraice of Bellarmine to which Father | Yorke takes exception, Dr. Wendte with- draws it because of his inability to locate the expression in the author’s voluminous works, and continues: See how handicapped my opponent is by the necessity he is umf'er of clinging to theydoc- trine of his church, “Semper idem.” How easy it would be for him to say: *This intolerance of Aguinas, Bellarmine, Suarez and all the rest was once the universal doc- trine of the church, but it was hateful, wrong and “oonstrous.’ The church to-day is wiser, | humaner. better than it was hundreds of years ago. Tothe modern and enlightened Catholic | conscience such ferocious sentiments and acts | as were enjoined by medieval Popés, councils and theologians are abhorreat. We have out- grown them.” Against such a plea the fair-minded Pro- testant would have no argument, but would confess that his own spiritual ancestry was also intolerant and cruel. But this dogma of “always and everywhere the same” prevents any such frank avowal on the lplrl oi Roman Catholic churchmen. It would be the first step 1o acknowledging that that church ean chatge and improve, that she is not infallible. So Father Yorke is handi- capped at the outset, and I must say with such odds against him he makes & clever showing and runs a good race. In conclusion Rev. Mr. Wendte says: 1 cannot to-day reply to that part of my op- ponent’s defense which bears on the problem of church and state. It will need a separate, and I hope, so far as I am concerned, a final article. But I must hasten in closing to ex- press to Father Yorke my sincere gratification and delight at his frank and manful answer to my searching question concerning hie own persoual relations to the state. This contro- versy was not undertaken in vain if it only eventuated in this notable, aud to many, no doubt, surlprising confession: *The constitu- tion and laws of these United States L have | sworn to uphold, and I would uphold them against any Pope.” I shake hands heartily witl Yorke, on that sentiment, which T echo with’ all my heart. Whether or not it is consietent with “the teunir:,ss of your church, it does credit to_your good sense, your courage and your patriotism. For, asIsaid in my original | article on church and state in this series, people are rarely consistent in such matters, tiind itis fortunate for human society that this | s 50. We accept Father Yorke as a true patriot | therefore. His declaration establishes the | point I made in my recent letter that the influ- | ence of our free American spirit, our political institutions and the Protestant principles that underlie them, were making themselves felt in Roman Catholic circles, and even among the Catholic clergy. Hence- forth we enroll in our grateful recogni- tion Father Yorke with Father Ducey, Father McGlynn, Bishop Ireland and other broad | churchmen and patriotic citizens of Riman Cathoiic confession. “May their tribe in- crease.” May the Roman Catholic laity take the lesson to heart. May they learn from this brave and outspoken utterance that the state is above the church in all that concerns tem- voral affairs, and that the decision as to what constitutes temporal affairs rests not with the church, but with the civil tribunals of the state, CHARLES W. WENDTE, Minister Unitarian Church. Oskland, January 25, 1896. | sen- | | you, Father There are more than twenty species of fur-bearing animals known to inhabit the Hudson Bay country, ranging in size all the way from the meadow mouse and sand rat to the cariboo, musk ox, bison and polar bear. REV. MR, WEBBER SPOKE, Presbyterian Ministers Hear an Address by an Episco- palian, METHODISM AND POLITICS. Resolutions Against Closing Napa College — A Strong Paper by Dr. H. C. French. The Presbyterian Ministerial Association took a new departure yesterday morning in hearing an address by tbe well-known Episcopal missioner, Rev. Mr. Webber. Rey. Dr. Farrand introduced the speaker, whe chose as his subject, *‘Christ’s Hope- fulness and Helpfulness.”” Incidentally he described mission work among Episco- palians, both in this country and in Eng- land and Australia, and treated his sub- ject along the broadest lines of Christian fellowship. “If any infidel remarks that he sees something glorious in Buddbism or Brah- miism I simply say, ‘Yes, it is a glo- rious thing. God is not without witnesses even here, but in Christianity all truth and all light are gathered in. They have par- tial truth, but Christianity has the whole truth.” Speaking of the Presbyterian and the Episcopal churches Mr. Webber said: “I rejdice in the thought that God has only one church in San Francisco. There may be divisions among the children, but there is but one church.” B Mission work in the slums in England was described, the hearers being told that the clergy and Bishops parade the streets under banners and crosses, pausing for ve minute addresses at the street corners in order to bring in the people. “Our church in England is going down into slums that the Salvation Army can- not reach. In proof of this statement the missioner described the work done by St. Peter’s, London docks, a church which has revolutionized the slums of Whitechapel, a district which formerly no policeman dared walk alone. St. Peter's has not only a magnificent church building, but also a hospital, a deaconess’ home and a coffee-house. The excellent work done by St. Bartholemew’s, New York, was also described. Mr. Webber concluded by ex- pressing the hope that eventually all sec- tarian lfmuudnnes would melt away and that religion would consist of ‘“‘Just Christ’s church and nothing more.” Rov. Mr. Moreland of St. Luke’s accom- panied the missioner to the meeting. The meeting concluded with some re- marks on mission work in China by Rev. Mr. McCarthy. Rev. J. E. Henderson addressed the Methodist ministers yesterday morning on ministers and citizenship. “The twen- tieth century preacher,” he said, *"1s first a citizen and was a citizen before he be- came a preacher. He will continue to be a citizen and will die a loyal, patriotic citi- zen.”’ The speaker pointed out how preachers could extend the sphere of the church by utilizing means which at present are ney- lected. ‘“The saloon,” he said, “*has a mo- nopoly on one of the cleanest, the most scientific games played, and that is bil- liards. Tghe theater, the opera, these things will lastas long as the churches,” and he pointed out how these amusements could be turned to the ends of religion through institutionsl charches: In the discussion Rev. M. Baher said he did not believe in preackers going into politics. Rev. J. B. Chenowith thougnt | there was not enough money (o run insti- tutional ehurches. Rev. T. Urmy thought it wou!d not pay to keep the churches n like the ‘saloons. Dr. Carroll said: *I think there ixa good deal of humbug | about institutional churches.” After the discussion Rey. E. M. Hill in- troduced the following resolutions, which were laid on the table 1ill next week: The trustees of the University of the Pacifi e decided to close Nl(rn College at the end of the present session and to take steps immediately toward selling the college prop- erty at Napa; and, whereas, this action seems premature to a large part of the membership of this conference, and also unjust, since a great part of the mouey given in the late can- vass was subscribed with the idea that it was 1o aid Napa College equally with Sau Jose Col- lege, instead of for the purpose of destroying & prosperous institution for the doubtiui pur- pose of trying to rehabilitate a bankrupt one; and, whereas, this action isof intense inter. st to all California Methodism and ought o be decided only by a majority vote of the California conference, since such a decision means eventually the complete sur- render of our educational work in this con- ference, therefore be it Kesolved, That we petition the trustees of the university to_take no steps toward selling the property at Napa before the next session of the Califoraia conference. Second—That we ask that the college be opened as usual this fall. Third—That we deprecate the centralizing of our educational inierests in San Jose, under the very shadow of Stanford. Fourth—That if any change be made the only safe and sure thing is to shut up both institu- tions and concentrate the work in San Fran- cisco. At the Congregational Club the attend- ance was not large, but those who were present were kept interested by a stirring paper by Dr. H.C. French dealing with the duties of ministers and others in tue churck. The Enner commenced by outlining the sacredness of the ministerial office, and laid much stress upon the necessity for entire consecration to religious work on the partof all who embrace it. A com- parison was made between a minister and a watchman, and entire fidelity insisted upon as a necessary quality for each. The essayist was unsparing in his _con- demnation of those ministers of religion who allow themselves to be dominated by a worldly spirit, and said that by their false and misleading interpretation of | scripture, and by their unfaithfulness to their sacred trust, they sink by degrees to a lower moral level than that of the sinner whom they would save. By truckling to the evil spirit of so-calied “higher criti- cism” they undermine, as far as they are able, the very foundations of the church, making themselves a spectacle of wonder and contempt to all mankind, and trailing the banner of the cross beneath the un- hallowed hoofs of a sneering world. A sleeping watchman, Dr. French con- tended, was worse, or, in any event, as bad as a Gead one. The true and faithful sentinel, keeping his unceasing vigil on the watch towers of Israel, should, he said, be always on the alert. He should endeavor with all the energy and wisdom of his nature to save his charge from all danger of assault from without and cor- ruption from within. Above all, he con- cluded, did it behoove all Christians to arm themselves by prayer and watchful- ness against the curse of secret wicked- ness in high places—a curse which hourly threatened the church and the world. Dr. French’s paper, by reason of its straightforward manner of dealing with matters ecclesiastical, called forth no small amount of discussion. Chaplain Rowell said he considered there was a great deal of truth in Dr. French's accusations. . . Mr. Strauss, who was formerly a prom- irent worker in the First Congregational Church, said: “The church is to blame in handling _the 1niquities which ocecur within it with gloves. There is too great 2 disposition to have secret meetings, and to pull the wool over people’s eyes, instead of taking the bull by the horns and calling black black.” Rev. Dr. Williams refused to discuss the paper. rs. Cooper thought the doctor’s stirring words ought to make all present recollect their duty of being living epistles and consistent examples of solid piety to the world. Mr. Coombs agreed with Mrs. Cooper, and added that while condemning evil in others, each might well search within his own; heart and uproot any hidden vice which he might find lurking there. Mr. Flower said that false religion was sowing desolation broadeast throughout the church. A dangerous spirit of novelty wasabroad. There were, he regretted to say, ministers of religion who, in place of preaching Christ crucified, sought out new and st iking topics wherewith to please the w.asses, leaving God out of their calculations. He hoped for a genuine re- vival of the true religious spirit among professing Christians. The Rev. Dr, Wells of Minneapolis was introduced to the members, and spoke most entertainingly for a few minutes, re- calling incidents in his ministerial career and giving a brief account of his labors in Canada and elsewhere. Referring to Dr. French’s paper, he said he feared there were ministers in certain pulpits who had never experienced the re- vivifying effects of divine grace. At the same time he was convinced that there were many clergvmen whose lives were free from blame and whose hearts wera filled with a holy love for the sacred du- ties of their profession. Ministers nowa- days, he said, could not be exactly like the Pilgrim Fathers. He said he came of old Puritan stock_himself, but was not an ad- vocate of Puritanical methods. ‘“‘Before 1 came to this coast,” he con- cluded, “I had been under the impression that California was a dry country; but I arrived in the midst of a rainstorm, and it has rained ever since. Let us hope that this material rain, which is now giving new life to California’s fields, may be a symbol of a great outpouring of the holy spirit, which will give renewed life and vigor to the church in the West.” A3 TO HEALY'S INEBRIETY. The Captain of the Bear Criti- cized for Having a Secret Hearing. Lieutenant Daniels Accuses His Su- perior Officer of Insulting Him—Other Charges. The investigation of the charges pre- ferred acainst Captain Healy of the rev- enue cutter Bear will occupy more than a month yet in the hearing, it is expected. It went on yesterday morning where it bad left off at the close of last week, and again the uppermost floor of the Apprais- er's building was gaudy with the blue and gold uniforms of the regular and petty officers who have been called to testify whether Captain Healy was intoxicated on the 16th, 17th and 18th of September last, while in Alaska.. For these are the charges now being heard. There are other charges, many others—one, for instance, to the effect that Captain Healy spat in the face of a subaltern officer, and several charges, also, of overvearing conduct toward under officers, coupled with that widely general charge of “conduct unbe- coming an officer and gentleman.” But the investigating board has decided to take up the chargeschronologically,and at present the only question to be consid- ered is whether on the dates specified the accused was intoxicated. The evidence, so far, has been rather contradictory, and while it appears from much of the testi- mony that on the 16th and 17th of Septem- ber, Lthe dates respectively of the *‘smoker” held in the wardroom of the Pheasant and the dance given at the company’s house at Ounalaska, Captain Healy was *‘under the weather”’—at least a little bit—it also appears other officers in the service were not entirely sober at that time and place. On the 18th, the charge is that Captain Healy was intoxicated while on the wharf, und that then and there he used abusive language and did other things unbecom- ing to a sober gentleman. Captain H. D. Smith of the Perry was the first witness of the day. His' testi- mony was rather general in its nature, and to the effect that he had seen Captain Healy take a drink occasionally, but never saw him under the influence of liquor while on duty. Captain Healy’s friends considered this testimony as favorable, though Captain Smith and all but one of the witnesses vesterday were called for the prosecution. The single exception was H. C. Fassett, in the United States Fish Com- mission. He was called for the defense out of turn because he sails to-day on the Albatross. He had known Captain Healy a long time and had never seen or heard of hic. being under the influence of liquor while on guty. He sFoke in the hignest terms of Captain Healy as an efficient officer and as & gentlemai. Another witness deemed favorable to the defense was Ensign W. G. Miller, U, 8. N., who had known the accused for many years. Lieutenant K. W. Perry of the Grant testified that Captain Healy was intoxi- cated on the three dates in question and also once when on board the Grant, when he usea insulting language toward the witness. First Assistant Henry O. Slaton of the Corwin alsoedgave testimony unfavorable to the accused. First assistant engineer of the Hartley, Eugene P. Weber, gave testimony of the sume tenor. Mr. Weber was one of the signers of the original charges. Lieutenant ¥. &. 1. Wadsworth of the Rush was at_the “'smoker’’ on board the Pheasant. He thought Captain Healy was “partially”’ under the influence, but in other respects he spoke very nicely of the efficiency of the accused as a navi- gator, though at times he was rather gruff to the subalterns. Lieutenant J. G. Ballinger of the Rush mentioned several times in Alaska when he had seen Captain Healy take a drink that was stronger than green tea. Chief Engineer Daly of the Bear gave testimony adverse to the accused. At the “*smoker” Captain Healy staggered, he said. And this was also the character of the testimony given by Lieutenant Car- mine of the Perry. Nor was the evidence of First Assistant Engineer Henry O. Sla- ton of the Corwin any more favorable to the captain. It is impossible to tell ex- actly what transpires within the investi- gating chamber, for the doors are barred and doubly guarded against the press. Friends of the accused yesterday declared that Captain Healy realized his mistake in deciding upon a secret hearing of the charges and that before long the doors might be thrown open to the press and the public. Those who are not friends of Captain Healy criticize him strongly for deciding in favor of secrecy. If he nad nothing to fear from publicity he should have left the doors wide open, they declare. It is ex- pected that some very interesting testi- mony will be develo soon on both sides of the case. Lieutenant Daniels it is who will testify that Captain Healy insulted him and then hid in Eis cabin. MUNYON GOING TO EUROPE. He Leaves in a Few Days to Open Branch Stores in London, Paris and Berlin, The marvelous growth and great success of the Munyon Homeopathic Remedy Company is an object lesson well worth studying. This company has been in existence only four years. They launched into a business which seemed ulready overcrowded, where the sharpest com- petition had to be met, yet we are told that this Sompany earned last vear over a_quarter of a million dollars, and that the remedies are used in every civilized country. This shows wnat merit, backed by ceaseless energy and liberal advertising, can accomplish. Mr. Munyon says he attributes his success to two reasons. First, making sure that his rem- edies were just what he claimed for the: second, telling the people the truth about them by liberal newspaper advertising. E;ggere l’l'"eid een g‘mes in the I;lislory of this any,” said Mr. Munyon, “when prospects looked pretty black, but 1 sunmoned the Frent Army ol newspapers to my aid. I told the peo- ple about my remedies. I asked them tobe- i kept everlastingly telling the truth, and to-day these remedies can be- found in every town i America, and the demand is 0 great from foreign countries that I leave in & few days to open branch establishments in z‘:dl:don' Paris and Berlin.’—Fhiladelphia Rec- THE BATTLE WITH CHRIS, Further Arrangements for the Anti-Buckley Primary Election. NEW DATES AND COMMITTEES. A Special Committee on Election Officers and an Assessment of One Dollar Ordered. The Junta decided last night to hold its primary for the election of a new general committee on the evening of February 24. This decision was reached at a meeting of the primary committee of twenty-five held at the headquarters in the Flood building, twenty of the members of the committee and many other anti-Buckley- ites being present. This was the second and last meeting of the committee of twenty-five. At its first meeting it cre- ated an executive committee of seven with power to act, and from now on this com- mittee will have full control of the ar- rangements for the primary in conjunc- tion with Max Popper, Gavin McNab and Samuel Braunhart, the active managers of the Junta’s affairs. The committee con- sists of W. P. Sullivan, chairman, J. F. McGovern, F. P. Hughes, J. B. Reinstein, James F. Butier, M. C. Hassett and A. A. Watkins. At the meeting last night the following report from the committee of seven was approved : At a special meeting of tke primary commit- tee of seven of the general committee of the Demoeratic party of the Ci‘y and County of San Francisco, held January 23 at Democratic beadquarters, room 17, Flood building, the fotlowing mode of procedure was agreed upon to be submitted to the committee of twent, five for their approvals Nominations for membership on the district committees to comprise the general commit- tee of the Democratic party will be made by | the respective district clubs on February 7, | the place of holding such meetines to be set- tled upon at a later date, and report of nomi- natious to be made upon following evening, accompanied by 1 for each nominee. The date of holding the primary was then taken under consideration, and by unanimous consent the evening of February 24 was se- lected as the time for electing a new general committee, It was duly moved and seconded that the secretary of the various district committees as now constituted be notified that they return the poll lists by January 31, certified to by the chairman and secretary of thelr respective dis- | tricts, and after due examination of said lists by this committee, and having received the official signature of the chairman and secre- tary of the general committee, they shall be returned to the secretaries of the various dis- tricts to be used at the primary. W. P. SULLIVAN, Chairman. J. F. MCGOVERN, Secretary. The question of the appointment of election officers, which the general com- mittee directed should be done by the members of the new Election Commission, | just removed from power, was settled by | the adoption of a motion by F. P. Hughes, | that the election officers be appointed by a committee of seven, to be named by Chair- man Sullivan, which committee should act with P. M. Wellin and James Denman, the Democratic members of the ousted commission. The hours and the places for holding the primary, which will be according to the club plan, will be settled hereafter by the committee of seven, and between now and the 24th of February the primary will be the main thing that will enlist the ac- | tivity of the Junta faction. The Buckleyites are talking of future eomssromiw as industriously as ever, but the Junta leaders pin their faith of success to the expected recognition of them by the State Central Committee as the regular party organization of San Francisco. ‘““There is no possibility of compromise,” said Chairman W. P. Sullivan last even- ing. “This committee is solid against it, but even if a majority of it went over to Buckley the rest would carry through the fight and stay with it. The Buckleyites know that they havn’t a leg to stand on and that their oniy hope liesin a com- promise that will concede something to them. “But you can judge their chance of baing recognized when I tell you that we have expressions from nearly every mem- ber of the State Central Committee as to how he stands on the proposition, and that over 90 per cent of the members ars decidedly against Buckley and 1n favor of aiding any measures that will drive him out of the party. The State Central Com- mittee now conlains 102 members, and as it huppens to be constituted just now it 1s exceptionally representative of the best element ot the party in every county of the State. San Francisco bas twenty mem- bers, of which seven are conceded to Buckley and the rest are strongly opposed to him. We expect that the State Central Committee will formally organization as the regular party machine and direct that the call for a te con= vention primary be issued to it.” The stuffed calico cats which are used as toys are put to good purpose by some of the Maine farmers. They are placed in :,mfis and are said to scare off predatory irds. NEW TO-DAY. Gladness Comes With a_better understanding of the .’ ¥ transient nature of the many phys- ical ills which vanish before proper ef- forts—gentle efforts—pleasant efforts— rightly directed. There is comfort in the knowledge that so many forms of sickness are not due to any actual dis- ease, but simply to a constipated condi- tion of the system, which the pleasant family laxative, Syrup of Figs, prompt- ly removes. That is why it is the only remedy with millions of families. and is everywhere esteemed so highly by all who value effects are due to the fact, that it is the one remedy which promotes internal | cleanliness, without debilitating the organs on which it acts. Itistherefore all important, in order to get its bene- ficial effects, to note when you pur- chase, that you have the genuine article, which is manufactured by the California Fig Syrup Co. only, and sold.by all rep- utable druggists. If in the enjoyment of good health, and the system ' is regular, then laxa- tives or other remedies are not needed. If afflicted with any actual disease, one may be commended to the most skillful physicians, but if in need of a laxative, then one should have the best, and with the well-informed everywhere, S{mp of Figs stands highest and is most largely used and gives most general satisfaction, recognize our | health. Its beneficial | BETTER BE ON YOUR 6UARD There Ts a Possibility Thata European Enemy May Invade Us Again Thig Year—A Suggestion in Time. The latest news from London indicates the prevalence of a great deal of in only in that city, but throughout Europe. This is the way the grip of last year started. There is an unusual amount of coughing, sneezing, heedache, pain in the muscles, espe. cially around the shoulders and arms, cold feet; in fact, all the usual grip symptoms. You may say, I do not fear the grip. But do you not fear the terrible things which grip may bring? especially pneumonia, which may come almost in & moment and cause your death | within a day? More people die suddenly from pneumonia than from any cther known com- plaint. Why? Because it comes unexpectedly, because it gives no warning, has no symptems other than those above stated, and yet 1t is the most fatal of all known diseases. In view of these solemn facts, what shallany sensible man or woman do who reads these words? Manifestly guard against the ¢Bming of this dangerous disease. How? Notby dos- ing with quinine but by strengthening, by ton- ing the system_with some pu imulant of tonic power. There are many which claim to possess this quality, but theré is but one whick aetually does possess it. That one is Duffy Pure Malt Whiskey. stood the test of yeers and is the most popular preparation to- day known to the American people. Physi- | cians recommend it.” it is generally used and it is universally admitted to possess qualities known only toitseli. Do not permit your drug- gist or grocer to persuade you otherwise, but insist upon having what you call for. PHILAUELPHIA SHCE 0, STAMPED ON A SHOE MEANS STANDARD OF MERIT. ON ACGOUNT OF THE KENCE Do you know a bargain if you see it? If you do | call and examine & lime of Ladies’ Button and Lac Shoes which we ofer for sale this week. They made of the finest French vici kid, and bave very pointed toes and pointed patent-leather tips, aad are hand-sewed welts, and we will sell them for 285, And being hand-sewed welts, they are free from tacks, nails or threads. They are perfect fitters, nd are made in the very latest style. Button or 1ace, all sizes, all widths.” The regular price $3. RF~Country orders souciweu. 2~Send for New Lilustratod Catalogue Address B. KATCHINSKI, 10 Third Street, San Francisoo. PHlLADVFT_LPJ‘IIA SHOE CO. DOCTOR Fcker’s ENGLISH Remedy willstopa cough in anight, check a cold ina day, and cure consumption if taken in time. If the little ones have Croup or Whooping Cough, use it prompiiy : Cioup is dvery fatal disease, Fully one- half of at- tacked die. ghe great F4f langer 1is NI, 1" Sy, grogresses so rapidly that ew hours in treatment is ACKER’'S ENGLISH REME- The disease the loss of a often fatal. DY will cure Croup, and it should al- ways be kept in the house for emergencies. A 25 cent bottle may save your child’s life. Threesizes: 25¢, 50¢, 81. All Druggists- ‘\JACKER MEDICINE CO. . 16 & 18 Chambers St., New York. GRATEFUL-COMFORTING. EPPS’S COCOA BREAKFAST—-SUPPER. ‘BY A TEOROUGH KNOWLEDGE OF THE natural laws which govern the operations of digestion and nutrition, and_by a caretul tior af the fine properties of well-selected Cocos. Mr. Epps has proyided for our breakast and suppes & delicately flavored beverage, which may save us many heavy doctors’ bills. It is by the judicions use of such articles of diet that a constizution may be gradually bullt up until strong enough to resiss every tendency to disease. Hundreds of subtls maladies are foating around us, ready to astack wherever there is aweak point. We may escape meny a fatal shaft by keeping ourselves well foru- fied with pure blood and a properly nourished frame.”—Civil Service Gazette. | ( Mide simply with bolling water or milk. Sold | only in half-pound tins, by grocers, labeled thus JAMES E LPS & CO., Ltd., Homcopathie D applicas TN Vv DR. PIERCE'S ==& GALVANIC CHAIN BELT | Isthe Latest Patent; contains all improvements ! and is sold at one-half the price asked for inferior, P but much-advertised vlectric be:t E The results accomplished by Dr. Pierce's belts are simply wonderful, thousands of cures having been made whers physicians and medicines h: failed to give relief. The coremaess possible evidence will be given to inquirers as to the efficacy _and superiority of Dr. Pierce's belts, and a thorough examination and | comparisor, of these goods with all others is re- citully invited of all intending purchasers of an Electric Belt. Call or wyite for free PAMPHe | LET No. 2. " Address ‘ DRS. PIERCE & SON, | 704 Sacramento Street. 2d, 8rd and 4th floors, San Francisco, Cal. ‘ P RICES o : Ho Percentage Pharmasy, 933 warket St ‘Weak Men andWomen | QUHOULD USE DAMIANA BITTERS, THE great Mexican Remedy; giv and Btrebgtl (0 the Sexual Orzaa. & o0 oM l HEALTH RESORTS. | ANITARIUN, THE ST. HELENA § ST. HELENA, NAPA COUNTY, CAL. A RATIONAL HEILTH RESORT! Send for Circular,