The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, January 5, 1896, Page 14

14 THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, JANUARY 5, 1896. FATHER YORKE REPLIES TO DR, BOVARD, Position of the Catholic Church in America Defended. THE OLD PENAL LAWS. Persecution of Catholics in Eng-| land During Elizabeth’s Time. OBSERVE ALL THE CIVIL LAWS. First Allegiance of the People Is to the State—Society Founded by God. The Rev. Father Yorke submits another letter in answer to the Rev. Dr. Bovard. It is as follows: v 4, 1896. DEAR » theological he reasons urged spicion of t t me say that have been lerant ent cu- yromul- zlizabeth wing ed ¥ shed Janu They cted; when the put on the head of ad of & wolf; when B were tracked by he marshes, through caves and the dens of om the world was not that benevolent rom ry,” as evidenced sh chapels, the ope lic adverti ave testimony to the by instigating the the readers of “‘Bar- h gutted these Popish chap- ese Popish schools, which ish books, and by leaving on i charitable sentiments for all future generations: “No Government, not Romen Catbolic, ought to ate men of the Roman Catholic persuasio; try the same reasons were urged thing excitement brought the midd'e of the st vent end adelphia and Louis- with howl v oting down Roman b ios to t animent of blazing churches ar the Bible and re- ligious fr The same arguments are b the modern knownoth- i > a similar frenzy sade again e W their bravest and their citizens s of Mr. Bo- v havea long and in- &t this stage of mpelled to devote tention to_their refutation. But evi- have not yet lost their noxious vi- ke the germsof the cCholera, they sleep for a time in the water,or in the soil, bit some accidental disturbence, some evil temper in the air, gives them new life and sends them forth to go the round of the world and plague mankind. The first argument as set forth by Mr. Bo- vard touches the allegiance of Cath Protestantism teaches that governments are free in t exercise of their functi Rulers may be just as close tothe throne and know as much of the will of God as the Pope. Protestants ese argum 5 would_just as soon see the President praying for ne safety of the Nalion - to know that a prayer had been In the Vaticau for the same pur- pose. The sources of righteousness and truth are Just s accessible 10 & conscientious clean-hearted bailiff &s they are to an ordained priest or minister. The idea of any power being between the ruler and 300 is absord ctrine, so far as it can_be under- st0o b n matters of morals and re- ligion the church is above the state. As there can be no government with rals. 1o morals with- out religion, it p -thinking people to zles p know the boundaries of papal supremacy. The Protestant view of & government leaves it not only free but supreme. “Every soul Is subject to the Ligher power.” Governn and carried on in righteon: s are as direct from God as the chy If Catholics will say as much the contention ceases and all suspicion dles out. 1t is the claim, or the qua of the Roman church th gnly attenuated but real supremsacy over e earth, headquariers at Ri t gives rise to suspicion against that church. In the course of this controversy, Mr. Editor, 1 have at various times ssserted the complete independence of the civil government; but either Mr. Bovard has not read my letters or he has not understood them if he did read them. 1 have said the very thing which he declares will end the contention and disarm suspicion, yet the contention has not ceased and sus- picion still prowls about with erected ears, here are none &0 blind as they who will not see—none so deaf as they who will not hear. 1 am compelled, therefore, in answer to Mr. Bovard, to set before your readers what the Catholic church tea: about civil society and about our duties to temporal rulers. 1. CIVIL ALLEGIANCE. 1. Civil society is founded by God. It springs from human nature, of which God is the author. In its own sphere it has received supreme authority, and to that suthority men should bow according to the saying of the apostle: ‘‘Let every soul be subject to the higher powers, for there is 10 power but from God, and those that are ordeined of God. Therefore he that resisteth the power resisteti the ordinance of God, and they that resist pur- chase to themselves damnation.” 2. God does not determine the manner in which civil society may organize this power. He has given no special form of civil govern- ment. It belongs to the people to determine the nature of the government which_ will best secure to them their rights-and happiness. This is the teaching of the Declaration of In- dependence: We hold these tru men are created equal their Creator with cer among them are life. happiness. That to ments are_instit founded on justice self-evident, that all t they are endowed by in inalienable rights liberty and the pursuft of cure these rights govern- mong men, deriving thelr that jusi powers from the consent of thé governed: that | enever any form of government becomes de- stroctive of these ends it is the right of the peopie 10 alter or abolish it, and 10 institute & new gOv- ernment, laying its foundation on such principles, and organizing its powers in such form s to them 1l seem most likely to effect their safety and bappiness. Long before America was discovered or Protesiantism invented these same political principles were laid down in almost 1dentical the words by homas Aq greatest of the schoolmen, me in the second place whether s this civil leislative power im- od. 1 reply, it is universally ad- mitted that princes receive this power from God., but at the same time it is maintained with more truth that they do not receive it directly, but through the medium of the people’s consent; for all men are naturally equal, and_there is 1o natu. ral distinction of superiority or inferiority. Since nature has not given anv individual power over another, God has conferred this power on the com- munity, which, as it may think it more proper to be ruled by one or by many sppointed persons, transfers It to one or t> many, that by them it may be ruled.” (St. Thomas.wol. 1,2, ques. 90, art. 8 and 2, Compendium of Salamanca.) “The king. dom is not made for the king, but the king for the kingdom, for God has constituted kings 10 rule and govern and Lo secure [0 everyone the possession of Eis rights. Such is the aim of their instiution: but if kings, turning things to their own profit, should act otherwise, they are no longer kings, but tyrants.” (Of Clvil Governments, chap. 11.) They are praised who deliver the people from tyrannical power, but this cannot easily be aone without some sedition among the people where one PArt of the people Lries to retain the tyrant and the other to eject him; therefore scdition niay be made without sin. This is IOt to excite sedition, but to cure it.” (St. Th. 2, 2, ques. 42, art. 2 10 3.) 3. Once, however, the civil society is organ- ized and sccepted by the people all are bound 10 obey it. This obedience is a matter of con- science, and no one can refuse it without sin. In temporal affairs, that is to say, in all these matters which affect the citizen as a citizen, nothing can come hetween the State and God. Ii I am esked what ere the matters which essed 1o their | with | | maie known to us is | a moral law. affect the citizen as a citizen, I can but reply everything contained in the constitutions and laws of this country. There is no duty laid on & Catholic in America which heé cannot conscientiously fulfill. There is no privilege ac- corded to the citizen which he is bound by his religion to refuse to others. Every Catholic citizen owes full and undivided allegiance to dag. Nohuman being can absolve himself from that allegiance—no Pope or priest can in this regard come between the Government of these United States and God. In a word, to quote Cardinal Menning, “The civil allegiance of Catholies is as undivided as thet of all Christians and of all men who recognize & divine or natural moral law. TI—ALLEGL AND CONSCE. E When Mr. Boyard states “As there can be no out religion, it puzzles plain-thinking peopl 10 know the boundaries of papal supremac: he states a problem which Protestants have to | face just as well as Catholics. A1 Christians acknowledge the existence of This morsal law is an eternal and rchangeabie standard of Tight or wrong. It the rule of our conduct whether we live un- der a government or no. Itdoes not derive its force from human legislation or popular consent. Stealing would be stealing if there were never a k d murder would be mur- der were there nmever a government. Mor over, human law can never prevail again this moral law; murder is always criminal, stealing always forbidden, adultery always unlay: 140 not think that Mr. Bovard, or any theist, will deny this proposition. % . The medium by which this moral law is the intell Human | reason is the only natural way we have of | Anglican_service—no Catholic could ob | 1 it 13 through human reason we izant of the naturaflaw. Thisis knowing an become ¢ 8 truism. _ 3. Human reason, however, is not a perfect medium. Just as light is refracted when pass- ing through water, so the moral law is re- fracted when passing through the mind of man. In some minds this refraction is greater, 80 J is less. F 10 matter how mueh the ray may be bent, it is still the ¥, 80 no matter how much the moral law may be dis- torted when vassing through a particular mind, it is still for that person the moral law. 4. The moral law as apprehended by a man’s 1 s conscienc Conscience is the voice of God s it reaches our ears, Conscience is the sum of our duties, our obligations as we under- stand them. Conscience, in & word, 1s our judgment 1g to us this action s com- manded by the law and_therefore ed or that action is forbidden by and thereiore must be omitted. Hence conscience must be always obeyed. Aslong as a man is convinced that line of duty must be followed he sins if he does not carry it out. It makes no difference whether he is right or wrong, he can never act against his conscience. Others may bave the right of hindering him from doing what his conscience orders, but he can never have the ght of doing what he conceives to be wrong the orof omitting what he believes Le is bound 10 perform. The reason is simple. Cooscience is the moral law to that man, and the moral law is supreme. 6. From this it follows that a man's obedience to the civil law is limited by his conscience. This limitation holds for the Protestant as well as for the Catholic. If the civil law were to order all Methodisis to assist at mass, Dr. Bo- vard would be the first to break it. If the State of California should enact the law against whose repeal John Wesley fought—that every Gatholic shouid, under pain of fine, attend the During the anti-slavery agitation many Prot- estant preachers and members of the, Protest- ant churches avpealed to this princivle unaer the neme of the “higher law,” and yet their good citizenship is not questioned by Dr. Bo- vard. 7. Hence I may retort the argument .on Dr. Bovard, the Protestant. ‘Conscience is supreme in matters of morals, but as there can be no government without morals, no morsals without religion, it puzzies plain-thinking people to know the boundaries of the premacy of the Protestant conscience. III—FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE. 1. This argur hicn I have just retorted on Dr. Bovard was used by the pigans against the Jews and by the Je and pagans against the Christians, When the apostles conceived it to be their 10 preach Christ the Jewish authorities forbade them. Then they ap- pealed at once to the supremacy of conscience. We must obe 2. When Christianity began to spread through Romsn empire it was not attacked because was a religion. The persecutors of the early church from Nero to Dioclitian proclaimed, like the preachers of the A. P. A., that they mede N0 War on auy man’s religion. They opposed only disloyaity. The worship of the Emperor's divinity was the great test of all giance, and any one who refused that test should' be punished for treason. The Chris- tians protested their loyalty, but it was all in vain. Unless they proved that loyalty in the ecise way the Emperor wis théy wer food for the lions. Now the Christian con- science revolted from the test, and accordin; old men and tender virgins, youths, soldie children went with smiling faces to the steke, to the block or to the bloody sand of the arena—all giving the same rcason, We must obey God rather than man. When the insane hatred of the Pope took session of the English Government Catho- lics were persecuted—ostensibly not because of their religion, but for_treason. Cecil and the rest of them assured Europe that they did not persecute for conscience suk ¥y only flayed, burned, boiled, hanged, disembowe and quertered those who were traitors to the Queen. They made a test of loyalty. Thattest was to disown the temporal and spiritual power of the Pope. The Catholics were willing enough to disown the temporal power, but their conscience forbade them to disown the spiritual power, and hence it was that for con- overnment without morals, no morals with- | it must be | a certain | | su- | science sake they suffered as the early Chris- | tians suffered, because we must obey God rather than man. 4. All this time there were men who thought that it was & wrong thing to make a matter of conscience & test of loyalty. They reasoned tnat men who were so sieadiast in sianding for whet they conceived to be the right would be the pest and truest citizens. Hence the thought arose that it would be for the peace of the commonwealth if such tests of loyalty were withdrawn and only thos could in no way interfere with conscientious conviction. ~On this continent it fell to Catho- lics to put this principle for the first time into operation. Lord Baltimore nad obtained a grhnt of land in America, uninenmbered with | any conditions, Maryland, and providea: WHEREAS, The forcing of the conscience in matters of religion hath frequently fallen out 10 be of dangerous consequence in the common- wealth where it has been practiced, and for the more quiet and peaceable government of the Province, and the better to preserve mutual love and amity among the inhabitants, no person within_the Province professing o believe in Jesus Christ shall be anyways troubled, molested or discountenanced for his'r her religon, or in the free exercise thereof. He founded the colony of the laws of that colon 5. ke glorions exaniple wes follomad by oUr | 0N fots Of fite mawic, My DAmS Shell s sroat Tederal Government, and then by the Now the constitution forbids any religious as a qualification for office, or, in other words, forbids the Government o measure the loyalty of the subject by any action or word which | may be opposed to conscience. 6. However, this liberty of conscience is not absolute. There are acts of licentiousness, ots prejudicial to the peace and dignity of the ate which cannot be committed under the cover of liberty of conscience. Though before God the man who docs these acts 1s not guilty of sin, still for its own preservation the State may be compelled to restrain him. Thus polygamy has been forbidden, though intro- duced under a religious sanction, and certain free lJove communities established by so-callea Messizhs have been incontinently broken up. Now comes the question do the powers claimed by the Pope mterfere with the rights and dig- nity of the State or the natural allegiance of the subject? This question I am compelled to defer to another letter. Yours truly, PETER C. YORKE. POSTSCRIPTUM. Like Don Quixote astride of Rosinante, Mr. W. H. Bowman has mounted his scissors and has st forth to defend distressed damsels in Brazil. 1do not intend to say anything to H. W. Bowman until he settles a certain matter with the good _people of Suisun. There is small sum of $100 aweiting him in that town which he can obtain when he can verify a quotation which he says he took from ihe atholic World. When he deels with that 3uolnliun it will be quite time enough to qro— uce others. P.C. Y. G. H. HUBBELL AND THE JESUITS. The Editor of the American Patriot Writes of Oaths. G. H. Hubbell of the American Patriot submits the folowing letter: OFFICE AMERICAN PATRIOT, 819 Market. To the Editor of the San Francisco Call—DEAR B1r: Once I saw a good rider of the horse placce a saddle u&)on a wild California cayuse and jnmp astride of him. When this cayuse saw Wwhat was on him he just bucked and bucked, lbu!. atlast he tamed.” Like unto this cayuse is Peter C. Francisco, He has been a-bucking, attempting to throw off American suspicion in his effort 10 defend the assassins of human liberty, the men whom all civilized governments but ours have run out; the men whom this Government, in seli-defense, wili have to run out—the Jesuits. A long time ago in France a civil suit was brought for moneys lost, against the Jesuits' Mercantile Mission in Martinico. The Jesnits were forced to bring their constitution into court. This constitution was so bad that all France became greatly excited. The Parlia- . Yorke, chancellor archdiocese, San | enforced “which | | Henry, K | Ston). ment issued a decree abolishing these fellows from the Nation. That great Nation assigned these reasons: The consequences of their doctrines destroy the laws of nature: they break all the bonds of Civil so- ciety by authorizing theft, lying, periury, the ut- most licentiousness, murder and all manner of sin These doctrines ments of humanit ments, excite rebe and practice of religi And further, they substitnte all sorts of superstl- tion, irrel’gion, blasphemy and idolatry. That un-American oath binding the man to a foreign power, that Jesuit oath, born of hell, which we_lately produced before your readers and which is substantially the same as the Bishop oath, was also one of the reasons for the banishment of the Jesuits. And yet Bishop Purcell in the great debate with Alexander Campbell, says on page 318 of that debate, which I have before me, tha All the kings and States of Europe, Protestant and Catholic, know that the Bishops take that oath, and yet, in none of them Is_a Bishop looked apon with distrust. In Prossia, Sweden, Denmark and England, the Governments never molest a Bishop about an oath which Is known to contain ig at which the captious statesman could justly take exception. Is not this sufficient proof that there i3 In that oath nothing of what my end attributes to it? I assure him Catbolic Bish- are not the enemies that this Republic needs to moreover, root out all senti- they overthrow all Govern- n and uproot the foundation r. Why ean’t Peter C. Yorke from County Gal- way, Ireland, be as frank? He isa coward. He knows that Romanism teaches the essence of these oaths. Here is what his masters say: Barrouins—God (the Pope) has made the po- litical Government sub; ritual Bellarmine says: By reason of the spiritual power the Pope, at least indirectly, has a su- preme power even i temporal matters.” Here is & portion of a bull by Sixtus V against ng of Navarre,and the Prince of Condé! “The authority given to St. Peter and his successors, by the immense powerof the Eternal King, excelsall the ppwers of earth by Kings and Princes. It passes uncontrollable sentence npon all, and if it finds any of them resisting God’s ordinance it takes a more se- vere vengeance of them, and, casting down the most powerful of them from_their thrones, tumbles them down into the lowest parts of the earth as the ministers of the proud Lucifer.’ And yet a Jesuit will make an afidavit in the iace of this. But then this isJesmtism. And the church s aiways the same. It never changes. Mr. Editor, I was born and bred an American citizen. Ilove the name, I admire our Ameri- can institutions and wish to make them bet- ter. Iplaved as & barefooted boy upon the grass of California and Oregon when Peter C. Yorke was being born and bred & foreigner and learning his billingsgate in the bogs of Ireland. He has come here and s doing what he can to apalize and foreignize this country. The dif- erence between he and his kind, and others, born in a foreign land, is that others become the best of our American citizens, while they with citizenship papers in their pockets are foreigners s 1 earnestly think from reading its own liter- ature that the Roman Catholic political church was born and bred of hell, and that the Pope, bishops and priests are the agents of hell. In such belief 1 here respectfully submit some more of the philosophical sin, etc., from their own book: PHILOSOPHICAL SIN, ETC. VALERIUS REGINALD: Praxis forl paniten- tialls. Lugauni, 1 (Colonice, 1622, Ed. Coll. “If a man does not reflect that it is not lawful to del tin asin, and while his will is ab- horrent from it, he is evidently excused from sin, although he should think upon it with delight for a whole day.” ~ Lib. xi, cap. 5, sec. 3, n. 46. The reason is 48 10ng as the unc ding does not reflect e wickedness of that which is of- fered to the will * * ¥ The consentof the will is notasin, ete. Pai m Theologia Mo- Lutetie Parisiorum, 1627 (Ed. Coll. Sion.) Saurez, Sanchez and Vosquez are right, who main- tain tiac for an action o be imputed unto a man for sin, it is necessary that the agent retect, or shonld have reflected upon the sinfulness of the ac Tract. 2, cap. mind is so absorbed in what may be ul, that It either reflects not upon the discridit of an actio which case It either will be no sin or only an im- perfect or venlal sin, which, I think, happens with those who are so completely absorbed in the on- of their sorrow, that they commit suicide. (Ib, Iract. 3, cap. 5, n. 18.) Vincent Fillincius (Moralium Qucest is et Casibus Cons : Urseliis, 16: . s contrary 1o'the n divine law wiil not be imputed to us for sin, except aras we knew it (0 be sinful. (Iract.xxi, , de Consc., n. 116.) N pE Lveo: Disputationes Scholastica de In- tione Dominica (Lugduni, 16 gduni, Ed. Bibl. Acad. Cant.)—In the words of God to Adam: “In the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.” ““If thou shalt eat it Know understood, for if he had eaten lcting on the offense to God he had no er: “If T wash thee > 50 Paul said to the Corinthians: “If ye are aduiterers ve shall not {n- herit the kingdom of God.” Butas Peter wonld ave incurred the pemalty if he had not ad- verted to the command of Christ, 50 neitber would the Corinthians if they had mot adverted o the » offense, without aithough it would en a philosophical adultery, if I may 50 ex- elf, yet it would not have amounted to a cal adultery of which Paul was speaking, poke of it in terms of a mortal sin.—Disp. . 101. press m. theolo since he 5 : Liber Theologim Moralls Viginti qu tatis Jesu Doctoribus resera- tus. Lugdunl. (Lugduni, 1659. Fd. Mus. Brit.) A confessor perceives that his penitent ‘s 2 invincible ignorance or at leust in innocent ig norance, and he does not hope any benefit will be derived from his advice, but rather anxiety of mind, strife or scanaal, should he dissemble?” Suarez affirms that he ought, because, since his admonition will be fruitless, ignorance will excuse vii, Sacram. Examen. his penitent from sin.—1r. iv de Penitentia, Thomas Tamby Confessiones, Ed. Coil. Sion. Lib. 1i, he w hrough inve! 1s¢nood, ma; und to confess the the is com excused.—Lib. i, Since be is excused from the sin, xcused also from confession.—Lib. ii, c. 3. aintain that the same must be said of blasphemy, heresy and of the aforesaid cath, and consequently that such things committed inad- vertently are neither sins in themselves nor the gduni, pie, 1656. Although ec. 8, n. 28. habit inadverten eem cause of therefore, need not necessarily be contes: . fi. ¢. 3, sec. 3, n. 25. Biasphemy—Charles Anthony Casnedi: Crisis ica Ulyssipone, 17 ror you be nmanded sec. 1, o, Impiety—John of Silas: Divi Thomse ¥arcinene, 1607; (id. Bibl, Archiep. Cant. Lamb.): *An entire love of God is not due to him through justice, nor is even any due; though ail love is due through acertain ki decency and credit.”—Tom. i, Quewist 3, 1 Disb. 2, sec. 6, n. 40 Tn Primum Secundw PETER ALAGONA: S. Thoms Aquinatis Summze Theologi® Compendium. (Lutetiz Parisiorum, 1620.) By command of God it is lawful to_kill an innocent person, to steal, or to commit fornication: becsuse he is the Lord of life and death and all things; and it is due to him to fulfill bis com- mand. prima Secundze, Quiest. 94. InaGo: Primi Sweuli Socletatis Jesu. Antverpim, 1640, The Society of Jjesus is nota human invention, but is proceeded from him whose name it bears. For Jesus himself described that rule of life wl v follows, first by his example, and afterwards by his words.Lib. i, c. 64. The society extends over the whole world, and fullfils the prophecy of Malachi. (A print repre- senting the two continents, ab the 00t of which i written), “From the rising of the sun unto the go- among the Gentiles: and in every place shall in- se be offered unto my name, and a pure offer- Malachi 1. Ibid., p. 318. JOEN MARIN: Theologiw Speculative et Mor- alls, Tomus ii, Venetiis, 1720. God can speak equivocally for sn righteous purpose, amd a righteous ‘purpose is often found.—Tom. if, Tr. 14, de Fide Diviua, Disp. 5, Sect. 1, 1. 9. JOHN BAPTIST TABERNA: Synopsis Theologim Practicae. Coloniw 1736. Qu. 5, Is a Judge bound 10 restore the bribe which he has received for pass- ing sentence? If he had received the bribe for | passing an unjust sentence it is probable he may Keepit. . . . Thisopinionis maintained and de- fended by fity-eight doctors.—Pars. i1, Tr. 2, c. 31. THEFT AND SECRET COMPENSATION. EMMAN UEL SA:. Aphorismis Confessariorum. Coionie, 1590. ~ (Coloniz, 1615. Coll. 8ion.) It 1s not a mortal sin to take secredly. . . . Tnecessary (0 restore. VALERIUS REGINALD: Praxis Forl Peniten- tlalis. Lugduni, 1020. (Tom. i. Coloniw, 1622. Ed. Coll. Sion.) 'Servants may not take thé prop- erty of their masters secretly by way of compen- sation, unless it should in reality appear to be the| case in_the opinion of an experienced man.—| Tom. 1, Praxis, Lib. X, c. 18, n. 258, Servants are excused from both s In and restitul And it is not tion, if they only take in equitable compensation. Among the conditions of alawful compensation, this is the chief, that the debt cannot be obtained by any other means.—Lib. XXV, C. 44, n. 555. (Tom. 1i, Moguntiz, 1622. Ed. Coil. Sion.) BENEDICT JUSTINIAN, inomnes B. Pauli Episto- las kxplanatonium, Tomus i, Lugduni, 1612: “Ex- cept the ecclesiastical power there is Do other power among men which has received its strength and authority direct from God and which can af- firm with trath that it may lawfally act with divine suthority.”—In Epist. ad Rom., . Xill., v. 2. JoHN LORIN,Commentariorumin Librum Psalm- orum, tomus i, Lugduni, 1617 (Coloni® Aggrip- ine, 1619, Ed. Coll. Sion) : “Since Peter has more zeal than the rest of the aposties . when he struck the servant of “the high priest, it 'Is for this Teason, among Others, we may conceive that the sovereign priesthood was commitied to him by Christ, and we may affirm that Ignatius was chosen to be the general of our order because he would kill & Moor that had blasphemed. In Psalm 105, v. 31. LE0NARD LESsIvs, De Justitia et Jure,cioterisque virtutibus cardinalibus. = Parislis, 1628. (Antver- pite, 1621 Ed. Coll. Sion.) “The soverign Pon- 1ilt," as the vicar of Christ and the superior ot Christiandom, can directly annul and remit every obligation contracted with another upon the faith of an oath when there is sufficient cause for it; which remission IS as valid as if the person in whose behalf the oath had been sworn himself had made it. Lib. ii, de Jurem, c. 42, dub. 12, n. 64. JomN pE CAsTILLE—De Justitim et Jure, cmter- isque virtutibus carainalibus. Antverplw. 1641, ““The clergy are exempt from lay power, even in temporal things. is thus proved. No man is di- rectly subject unto one who has not any jurisdic- tion over him * * * but the lay prince (or pres- ident) has no jurisdiction over the clergy or ec- clesiastics. * * % Bug a secular prince cannot punish the clergy, therefore eccleslastics are not subject to lay princes.”—Lib. ii, Tr. 1, Disp. 4, Dub. 8, de Judicio prout Actus Justiti, n. 126. Yours for 1896, G. A. HUBBELL. | brick backing, | s0as to be thrown together by means of | rolling partitions, thus making one large | | etc. The main floor of' the chapel wil | to serve as side galleries. The chapel will be used for the regular church services until the rest of the building is completed, which will as soon as the valuable property now owned and occupied by the congregation on Mission street1s sold. A temporary organ-loft will be built on the east side of the chapel for the pipe-organ and choir. Hown'l:d Church was organized by Rev. H. 8. Willey in 1850, and the first building erected on alot given by W.D. M. How- ard, for whom the church was named. Since then several eminent ministers have served 1t as pastors. The present pastor is Rev. F. R. Farrand, who assume: charge in November. 1894, coming from a most successful work and a church of 650 mem- bers in Pittsburg, Pa. The new Howard Church will be the first Protestant church building to be erected in the park district, and has every prospect for a rapid growth lél_ld great usefulness in that part of the ity. ARRESTED FOR BURGLARY. The Two Men Who Robbed the Pawn- shop of Adolph Oppenheim. Frank Perry and Robert Phillips were booked at the City Prison last night by Captain Wittman and Policeman T. Rourke i | on the charge of burglary. The police 11 be i claim they are the two men who broke HOWARD CHURCH EDIFICE Presbyterians to Have a Place of Worship at the Panhandle, ROMANESQUE ARCHITECTURE. Church Organized by Rev. H. S. Willey and Named in Homor of W. D. M. Howard. The members of Howard Presbyterian Church expect to worship in their new eaifice at the corner of Oak and Baker | streets in the early spring. The plans of Percy & Hamilton have been selected, and | the work, begun a few weeks ago, w vigorously pushed. The plan adopted is for a building in the R!omnnesque style of architecture, 100 feet frontage by 100 feet deep, to be of | . faa i Redding vellow-brown sandstone, with | Tomrke vas ane o SLoleD: e andslateroof with terracotta | Thursday morning arrested Philli}‘)s in his into the pawnshop of Adolph Oppenheim, 405 Dupont street, on New Year’s morning. The front window of the store had been broken with a pitchfork and about $200 W HOWARD PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH TO BE ERECTED AT THE PAN- HANDLE. coping. The design 1s unique in that itis|room on Pine street. A portion of the really a double building, consisting of | stolen articles were found in his room. moin auditorium and chapet under | _ Perry had ieft the City and was arrested : i B | yesterday afternoon at Palo Alto and was separate roofs, but joined below the eaves Exought 1o tha' Gity Brison i Deves isial | years of age and Phillips 29. Phillips is an ex-convict, having served a term for burglary. STAR OF FREEDOM CASES. Lundisch and Newbert Discharged for ‘Want of Evidence. For want of sufficient evidence to con- vict, the cases against Alexander Lun- disch and Peter Newbert, indicted for stealing the schooner Star ot Freedom, ’ S | were dismissed by United States District plaster, with wood ceiling in the church | Judge Morrow. yesterday, on motion of proper. The windows will be of art glass | ‘District Attorney Foote. " Ofisbproyec desienegg o ; The Starof Freedom was taken down The - congregation being anxious to|4ne coast to Mexico, and Oscar Bartels, occupy its new field, the contract for the | who assisted in running off with her, was chapel has been let and the edifice will be | gome time ago sentenced there to’ Bve ready for occupancy in April. | years in a Mexican prison. An effort by audience-room when needed, with seating | capacity for mnearly 1200 people. The building when completed wiil have all the modern improvements, social-room, ladies’ parlors, lavatories, pastor’s study, session- room, janitor's quarters, a conservatory for plants and palms (to be used in decorating the church), etc. The interior finish of the main audi- | torium will be in oak and ash, and of the | chapel in Oregon pine; the walls above the | wainscoting to be tinted sand finish The chapel will be a complete building | y Foot: Bart i in itself with seaing capacity of from 500 faha0 e bt B to 600 people. The church lot, having a | y; vas due t ivity gentle slope back from Ok atrest, permits | LCXICo Was due to the activity of the American Consul. The Mexican Govern- ment returned the vessel to its owner, Captain Johnson. —————— Miss Rocha’s Debut. Miss Mabel Rocha made her debut in “A basement rooms, and the chapel will have there rooms arranged for social gather- ings, with ladies’ parlors, kitchen, pantry, have a central room, 57x40 feet, and large classrooms for Sabbath-school on either Side, which may be thrown inte thn | Celebrated Case” at the Bush-street Theater on central room by tolling partitions. Oves | Friday evening. There was a large attend- these" olasrooine Ing partitions. OVer | ‘unce.” Miss Rocha made o decided hit as Adei: enne, and Miss Rosella La Faille was also re- ceived with marked favor. The support was rooms, aiso provided with rolling par- can be thrown open | good. titions, so that they NEW TO-DAY. Medals Two Gold Three Silver Five—that's the number of Medals taken in Novem- ber by Goodyear Welt Shoemaking System at Mechanics’ Fair, Boston. People said it was the most complete working ex- hibit of Modern Shoemaking ever made. . The World's Fair at Chicago gave us a half-dozen medals. They'll be delivered, so they tell us, about Feb- ruary 1,1896. A little late ; but, added to those we have, they’'ll make a fine display. Taking medals is “dead easy”; but, what is more to the purpose, the people are taking Goodyear Welt Shoes and wearing them. Easier, stronger, and wear longer than the hand-sewed kind; cost less. Try a pair, but first be sure you get Goodyear Welt Shoes. Any honest shoe merchant has them in all grades, all styles, for both sexes. ’ B3 Smooth bottoms next the feet: no wax, no tacks, no nails, to hurt the feet; do not rip pliable, casy, comfortable; stronger, fit better, and keep shape better than hand-sewed shoes, because the machines draw tighter seamns than the hand workman can; repaired same as hand-sewed shoes,— these are some of the good points in Goodyear Welt Shoes. e e e GOODYEAR SHOE MACHINERY CO., BOSTON. NEW TO-DAY. ——————— SPECIALSALE oOx NOVELTY SILKS! We take pleasure in notifying our cus= tomers that we have placed on sale TEN CASES ELEGANT NOVELTY SILKS (all the latest styles) at prices that have never been equaled in this city. Dresden Striped Taffeta (Black Grounds). Two-Toned Figured Satin Duchesse. . - . . . Changeable Striped Taffeta........... Evening Shades Brocaded Satin Duchesse. . Persian Brocaded Duchesse........... Changeable Striped Taffeta (24 inches wide) S5e Faney Striped Taffeta................8% Novelty Brocaded Duchesse. . .. ..........8e Striped Taffeta (Lace effeets). . .. ......$100 (changeahle effects) $1.00 ; Colored Faille Francaise, all silk, full line street shades Black Bengaline (French manufacture). . . .75 ; worth $1.25 Black Natin Rhadames (all silk).........75: worth $1.00 Black Satin Brocades (all silk)..........75¢; worth $1.00 Figured Grosde Londres $1.00 $1.25 $1.50 $1.25 $1.50 $150 $1.50 worth worth worth worth worth worth worth worth $1.50 worth $1.75 worth $1.75 ’ The attention of our patrons residing outside of the city is respectfully directed to this sale. < ¢ 1882, Clpmcs | 111, 113, 115, 117, 119, 121 POST STREET. DOANE & HENSHELWOOD ANNOUNCE THEIR SEMI-ANNUAL CLEARANGE SALE, TO COMMENCE ON MONDAY, THE 6th. ALL WINTER GOODS WILL BE CLOSED OUT REGARDLESS OF COST TO MAKE ROOM FOR NEW SPRING STOCK! No old stock will be carried over if low prices will effect a clearance. Remnants and odds and ends will be sold at half price. Genuine bar= gains can be had in all depart ments. 2%~ Agents for DR. JAEGER’S SANITARY WOOLEN UNDERWEAR for Men, Women -and Children. Highly indorsed by our best physi= cians. BEWARE OF IMITATIONS. 132 Kearny ST, Cor. Sutter. WALL PAPER! JAS. DUFFY & CO. Have REMOVED to No. 20 G@y Street. GREAT REDUCTION TO CLOSE OUT LAST SEASON’S PATTERNS TO MAKE ROOM FOR THE NEW. ! WINDOW SHADES Any Color, Size or Kind. WHOLESALE—AND—RETAIL. RIGGS HOUSE, Washington, ID. C. The Hotel ‘‘ Par Excellence’” Ofthe National Capltal. First class in all appolnt ments. G, DEWITT. ‘Treas. American plan, $3 per day and spward. B DON’T PAY $30 or $40 for an Electric Belt when we will sell_you »_far beter one at from #5 to $20. Buy no belt until you examine DR. PIERCE'S. Has current regulator and all latest im- provements. Pamphlet free. Callor address DR. PIERCE & SON, 704 | Bacramento street, San Francisco. Cal. | | | ‘pm | in ONE MI LADELPHIA SHQE CO. STAMPED ON A SHOE MEANS STANDARD OF MERIT. e WE ARE SELLING CHEAP, We are pleased to state to our numerous cuse tomers who have been awalting the srrival of ou celebrated ALASKA SEAL SHOES that the shipment arrived yesterday, and we are now pree pared to supply their demands. The Alaska Se Shoes are guaranteed to be waterproof, and they are easy on the feet and give good wear theyw are ready sellers, and the price, 1 S OE) Is within the reach of all. and Congress, with medium broad toes and # and double soles. We also carry them for Youths| and Boys at the following prices: Youths’, Boys', We carry them In 3175 2 00 Ladies who wear Oxford Ties should take notice that we are selling Cloth-Top Oxfords with Don= gola Kid Vamps, with either pointed or medium square toes, with patent-leather tips, for $1 50, ‘These Oxfords, being hand-turned, are very easy on the feet and require no breaking in. They are, neat fitters and wear well and retall regularly fof 2. Parents are reminded that we carry the besy School Shoes in this c! and that we are prepared tosell them cheaper then our competitors. We are sclling Dongola Kid Buttons with patent- leather tips, or nuine Pebble Grain Buttons with spring heels, double soles and toecaps, at the following low prices: Childs, s Misses”, si: .. 80 75 . 100 WE HAVE NOT MOVED, B3 Country orders sollcited. B3-Send for New Hilustrated Catalogas. B. KATCHINSKI, 10 Third Street, San Franclseo. PHILADELPHIA SHOE CO. — - STORRS’ ASTHMA REMEDY, CURES AST! A. Stops the severbst paroxysms TE. 10c, 25c and BOC sipes " All drugglsts have it, or any size will be mailed om receipt of price to KIBBLER'S PHARMACY S§W. Cor. Larkin and Turk Sts., 8, By