The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, December 20, 1895, Page 1

4 VOLUME LXXIX.—NO. 20. SAN FRANCISCO, FRIDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 20, 1895. PRICE FIVE CENTS. SENATORS DISCUSS POSSIBILITIES OF WAR, Agree on the Necessity| of a Commission for 1 Venezuela. UPHOLD THE PRESIDENT, And Declare That the Honor of the Nation Must Be Maintained. protest against any attempt to adjourn until this matter was disposed of. Lodge thought Congress ought not to adjourn for the holidays until the bill was disposed of. “What is of vital im- portance,” he said, “is that we should show the world that we are not divided on this question, but deal with it as Ameri- cans. As Daniel Webster said, ‘Our poli- tics stop at the water’s edge.’ The Eng- lish press and that small edition of it pub- lished in New York profess 10 see in this an electioneering dodge. Nothing can be further from the truth than this. We are standing together as one man without re- gard to politics.” Lodge had no desire to limit the execu- | tive; the House had by an overwhelming MODERATION FINDS SOME FAVOR In the Event of a Conflict This Country Would Have Allies in Europe. WASHINGTON, D. C., Dec. 19.—The discussion in the Senate to-day on the House bill appropriating $100,000 for the expenses of the proposed Venezueian com- mission was marked by a unanimity of sentiment in favor of the position taken by the President in his recent message, and | was singularly free from passion and ex- citement. The debate proceeded by unani- | mous consent, as there was really no ques- | tion before the Senate, objection having been made to the second reading of the bill to-day and that objection carrying the | bill over till to-morrow. The debate was opened by Morgan (D.) | of Alabama, who favored the passage of | the bill just as it came from the House, | and would vote for its reference to the | Committee on Foreign Relations, on the condition that it would be reported back and acted on to-morrow. ! The only other Senator who favored immediate action on the bill without 1ts being considered by the committee was Voorhees (D.) of Indiana, and his was the only speech which breathed war and de- | fiance. He declared emphatically that | Great Britain could not go to war with the United States so long as Canada was a hostage on our northern border. Speeches were made, moderate in tone and against hasty action, by Senators Sherman (R.) of Ohio, Lodge (R.) of Mas- sachusetts, Hawley (R.) of Connecticut | Teller (R.) of Coiorado. | Teller's speech was remarkable for the declaration that if war should ensue— | which he deprecated and did not think probable—the United States would not be without European allies; and he specified Russia particularly as waiting to seize the oppartunity of opening the Dardanelles to her fleet, extending her domination over China and enlarging her possessions in India. At the close of the debate Morgan gave notice that there would be a meeting of the Committee on Foreign Relations at 10 o’clock to-morrow, when other resolu- tionsembodying the principle of the House bill and which have been heretofore re- ferted to that committee, would be taken up, so that a report could be made and ac- tion had to-morrow. The House bill will have its second reading as soon as the | journal is read, and then the motion of which Sherman gave notice to-day to re- fer it to the Committee on Foreign Rela- tions, may be made. It is not at all likely that that motion will meet any opposition, but whether the bill can pe considered in committee, reported to the Senate and there acted upon before adjournment to- morrow is very problematical. If not, the joint resolution for the holiday recess may fail. a s DISCUSSED IN DETAIL. Senators Say the Monroe Doctrine Must Be Upheld. WASHINGTON, D. C., Dec. 19.—The death of Captain Bassett, the aged as- sistant doorkeeper of the Senate, was the theme of the chavlain’s opening prayer to- day. Cockrell (D.) of Missouri, chairman of the Committee on Appropriations, re- ported back favorably the concurrent resolution for the holiday recess from Fri- day, December 20, until Friday, January 3. It went over until to-morrow. Tke House bill appropriating $100,000 for the expenses of the proposed commission to Venezuela was laid before the Senate, and Morgan (D.) of Alabama, chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations, ad- dressed the Senate on the subject. The * Senate, he said, in considering a question of such gravity ought to delib- erate as long as was proper and necessary in order to come to an absolutely correct judgment, and he therefore favored the reference of the bill to the Committee on Yoreign Relations; but he should object to any -such reference unless the Senate agreed that it would take no recess until the committee makes its report. It was a question that was agitating the people of the United:States and of the world, and delay would give an opportu- nity for the formation of incorrect opin- ions that mignt become very unfortunate. Senator Sherman, 11 a speech following Morgan, did not agree with him. He ap- plauded the President for his message, but thought that the Senate should proceed cautiously in this matter. The bill as passed by the House should be amended, detined and limited. He indorsed the Monroe doctrine, but its application by this country to a specific case was a matter of the gravest importance to the whole ilized world. The controversy was a serious one, but Sherman said he believed it would end peaceably. The English people would halt when they perceived that the doctrine of Monroe was also asserted by Canning, when Prime Minister. Sherman did not think the question should be postponed or delayed, but the bill should at least be re- ferred’to a proper committee. Morgan said he, for one, would enter a majority upheld his hand; the Senate would do the same, but it might desire to strengthen it. The world should know that we are able to maintain the Monroe doctrine—not as a principle of interna- tional law but as an accomplished fact. He would suggest and urge an amendment requiring the commission to report on or before April 1, 1896. This would give | notice to the world tuat we were proceed- ing deliberately; that we meant what we said and are able to maintain our position. Voorhees (D.) of Indiana urged that the bill be passed as it came from the House. The Senators seemed, he said, to be desir- ous of relieving themselves from the charge of being in haste. Voorhees said he was not in haste, and he did not be- lieve those on the other side of the water were either; it had taken them five months to reply to Mr. Olney’s note of last June. “I am willing to join issue with Great Britain on this subject,” he continued, “and as a preliminary step let us look into the claims. England has always been the oppressor of the weaker nation, and she has gradually eneroached upon Venezuela without any right or show of right, until she has taken hold of more territory than one of the great States of this Republic. I look upon war a horror; but there will be no war. England don’t dare to fight; the commerce of tbe world isin Enghsh bottoms, and she does not dare to subject it to p on both colonization career has to have some limit, and that this country and it alone shall dominate the continent on which it has been erected. Let the President appoint the commission and the work go on.”” Allen (Pop.) of Nebraska said the Mon- roe doctrine was tue doctrine of self-de- fense; it was a law of nations because it was the law of seli-defense. Congress ought to name the commission because Congress was the only power that could declare war. At least the names of that commission should be sent to the Senate for its approval. Hawley said it was not wise to assume that great peoples will not fight, and he regretted the exceedingly warlike tone of tne Senator from Indiana. What the Sen- ate of the United States wanted was the facts, and they could only be had through a commission. The bili should go to the committee for careful consideration. Teller took the position that the Presi- dent had the power to determine the facts for himself, and did not need to ask Con- gress for authority to appoint a commis- sion.. The docrine was not the doctrine of Monroe; it was the doctrine of American- ism. *If the President himself had declared what the true boundary line was I would have,” he said, “stood by that declaration whatever it might have been. 1am a firm believer in the doctrine appealed to here, but I believe thereis no need of undue haste. This isnot a political question. The political party that attempts to make capital out of this will be the loser in the end. The American people will not be trifled with in a matter of such grave im- portance. The situation appeals to Amer- cans not political enthusiasm. We appeal to the Monroe doctrine, not because it protects these weaker powers, but because its violation means ultimate danger to this great Republic. Because we are strong and great we ao not want to go to war. We must consider these matters seri- ously, but if we do go to war it should be in a spirit that will lead us to sink every dollar we possess and lose every able- bodied man if need be in the defense of our National honor.™ Teller recalled the action of this Gov- ernment when krance and Great Britain were at war with Mexico and Secretary Seward secured from them the declaration that they were fighting only to secure the settlement of just claims and that all in- tention to acquire territory was disavowed. He would like to see this doctrine enun- ciated in such a way as to show the world that we will enforce it whenever the occa- sion requires it. A war between us and Great Britain would be the most tremen- dous war the world has seen from the days of Alexander to the present .time. If anybody believed there could be a war be- tween us and Great Britain without bring- ing in other powers they have not studied the European situation. European powers would not permit England to get the ad- vantage of us. Russia was patiently wait- ing for the chance to get an opening into the sea to make inroads into India anda to dominate China. Would they want to take it? Telier thought there was little chance for war. Tuoe chances would be much more serious for Great Britain than for us, but neither nation could afford to go to war unless there was a great principle at stake. Teller said he would give his voice for it before he would see his country dishon- ored. The question was too big for party politics or party gain. We should have the approval of the civilized world before we go to war, and that we cannot have un- til the facts are determined. Allen declined to withdraw his objec- tions to the second reading of the bill to- day, and Morgan then said that he would calla meeting of the Committee on Foreign Relations for to-morrow morning, at which this matter and otheérs of kindred character would be considered. He hoped to be able to present in the Senate to-mor- row the views of the committee, so that the bill could be amended and passed without reference to the committee. The debate on the Venezuelan Commis- sion bill was continued until 2:10 ». ., when, on objection to its second reading to-day. made by Allen (Pop.) of Nebraska, the bill went over till to-morrow. It will then receive the second reading, and a mo- tion to refer it to the Commitiee on For- eign Relations will be in order. - Allen (Pop.) of Nebraska offered a reso- il. It might as well be known now es of the ocean that England's JOHN BULL STARTLED BY AN APPARITION. VENEZUELA A moomuaco Methought | saw a thousand fearful wrecks, Ten thousand men that fishes gnawed upon, All scattered in the bottom of the sea; Some lay in dead men’s skulls. lution instructing the Finance Committee to inquire whether it would not be expe- dient and proper for the Government of the United States at this time, “when the contingency of war between the British | empire and the United States may sud- denly arise,”” to open its mints to the free and unlimited coinage of gold and siiverat the ratio of 16 to 1; also to issue an ade- quate volume of greenbacks and to with- draw the National bank power of current issue. It was referred. The President’s message, with accompa- aying documents on the subject of the out- rages on Armenians in the Turkish em- pire, were laid before the Senate and re- ferred to the Committee on Foreign Rela- tions. At 2:30 p. M. the Senate went into exec- utive session, and at 2:45 adjourned until to-morrow. — SIX HEAVY BATILESHIPS. Hale Introduces a Bill for Their Con= struction. WASHINGTON, D. C., Dec. 19.—Hale (R.) of Maine to-day introduced in the Senate a bill authorizing the President to have constructed by contract to the lowest responsible bidder six seagoing coastline steel battleships, of about 11,000 tons dis- placement, designed to carry the heaviest armor and the most powerful ordnance, and of the highest rate of speed, to cost $4,000,000 each, and for twenty-five tor- pedo-boats, to cost $175,000 each. Not more than two of the battleships nor more than six of the torpedo-boats are to be built on the Pacific Coast, nor more than two of either class built in one yard. s Shaig s PAN-AMERICAN CONGRESS. Diplomats Said to Secretly Consider Its Formation. NEW YORK, N. Y., Dec. 20.—A special to the Herald from Washington says: Although this was diplomatic day the visit of Senor Mendonga, the Brazilian Minister; Senor Romero, the Mexican Minister, and Senor Andrade, the Vene- zuelan Minister, to the State Department, was regarded as highly significant, especi- ally as these gentlemen were closeted with the Secretary for some time. All they would say afterward was that they called to pay their respects, but it is not doubted that the President’s message and the cor- respondence were fully discussed. It is pointed out that to effectan alliance between the Pan-American ccuntries in- ested it would not be necessary to enter into a formal ireaty. It would only be necessary for the countries to enter into an agreement to support each other in time of war, and there is reason to believe that all would abide by it. It is also suggested to-day that there is a possibility of a treaty between Pan-Amer- ican countries by which arbitration will be resorted to to settle all disputes in which one may become involved with an- other. e CALLED ON OLNEY. The Venezuelan Minister Thanked the Secretary. WASHINGTON, D. C., Dec. 19.—Senor Andrade, the Venezuelan Minister, was among Secretary Olney’s callers to-day. ‘While there was no special significance in the visit, to-day being diplomatic recep- tion day at the State Departmens, the Minister seized the opportunity to pay his respects and to thank Secretary Olney for the interest he had officially taken in the boundary dispute. | Ariago of Honduras and Senor Dupuy de Lome, the Spanish Minister. Senators Lodge and Call and Senator | Morgan also saw Secretary Olney. Lo lomed | LOYALTY OF. THE LEGION. | Lew Wallace and Oth:r Veterans Indorse the President. EVANSVILLE, Ixp., Dec. 19.—General | | Lew Wallace, General McGinnis, Colonel | | I N. Walker and 100 members of the | Indiana Commandery of the Loyal Legion of Indiana banqueted at the St. George in | | this city to-night. | _Resolutions were adopted indorsing President Cleveland in his stand on the Venezuelan question, and: declaripg in | favor of resisting ‘*with force 1f necessary all monarchial encroachments on the Western hemisphere,” and it was directed that a copy of the. resolutions be for- | warded to the President of the United States. General Wallace at the banquet to-night said regarding President Cleveland’s mes- sage on the Venezuaelan question: ““The Monroe doctrine is a glove of chal- lenge thrown to all the great powers of Europe. If one accepts the gage it will in all likelihood be with most of the others in alliance. Lord Salisbury took six months to compose his responses declin- ing the arbitration, and it is reasonable to believe that his lordship consumed those months looking for allies in case he re-| fused to arbilrate. | “If we must fight I wish it could be | with England alone. It would go hard | | with us at first, but we would not be idle. | | Before a year there would be no Brilish} | commerce, and at the end, as I see it, we would own everything on this side of the globe from the Gulf of Mexico to the North Pole. For my part I feel that every man should set about getting ready for the worst.”” ——— JOY OF VENEZUELANS. Crespo & ys Their Enthusiasm is Indescribable. NEW YORK, N. Y., Dec. 19.—Colonel George W. Turner, editor of the New York Recorder, on Tuesday night sent the fol- lowing cablegram to President Crespo, of Venezuela: ‘“Will your Excellency give to the citi- zens of the United States the opinion of your countrymen on President Cleveland’s message 2"’ To-day he received this message: “Lanswer your telegram with satisfac- tion. Popular enthusiasism here is inde- scribable. All Venezuelans pronounce to- day with profound respect the name of the great republic. CrEspo.” A special to the Herald from Caracas, Venezuela, says: The excitement caused by President Cleveland’s message to Congress on the Venezuelan question does not subside in the least degree so far as the capital of the southern republic is concerned. Indeed, it'apparently gathers force and intensity as the significance of the incident as it re- lates to Venezuela dawns upon the minds of her citizens. This intensity of feeling, natural at all times in those nourished under tropical skies, was manifested in its fullest extent yesterday. In the Washington Plaza early in the morning, a great crowd gathered and again expressed their gratitude to the United States. From that point the people pro- ceeded to the house of the Minister from the United States. There they became un- feontrollable and mnearly wrecked Mr. Thomas’ abode in their eagerness to prove their loyal friendship to the county which Among other callers at the State Depart- ment this morning were Minister Lazo del he represented. —KING RICHARD 1lI. was to send a cable message to the Vene- zuelan Minister in Washington, directing him to call officially on Mr. Cleveland and express thanks to him in the name and in behalf of the people and President of Ven- ezuela. During theday the society formed here for the protection of Venezuelan ter- ritory dispatched a message of thanks to the President of the United States. The Pregonero, in a leading editorial, strongly urges Senor H. L. Boulton, who acts as consul general for Great Britain here, and as vice consul in other parts of the country, to withdraw as such repre- sentative of the British empire. e S THE REVOLUTION OVER. Cleveland’s Message Soothes the Venezuelan Junta. NEW VORK, Dec. 19.— A cablegram was received to-night by the Venezuelan revolutionary junta advising that further hoscilities against the Venezuelan Gov- ernment cease. Carlos C. Bolet, secretary of the junta, has authorized the statement, in which he says that this step has been precipitated by President Cleveland’s message, and the revolution would now be stopped. e TO STOP ENCROACHMENT. New Yorkers Enthusiastic Over the Prospect of War. NEW YORK, N. Y., Dec. 19.—The peo- ple of this city have been prompt and en- thusiastic in their expressions of praise for the message of President Cleveland on Venezuelan affairs. In the talk on the streets, in the exchanges, in business offices and in hotels yesterday men ap- peared to be of one mind in declaring that Mr. Cleveland'had taken the right course. Summed up 1n brief, the opinion of New Yorkers appears to be that it is time to put a stop to British bullying and en- croachment, at least on this side of the Atlantic, and that this country could better afford to go to war than permit further agressions by the British Govern- ment against weak republics in America. Among army and navy officers, National guardsmen,seafaring men and all with pat- riotic feelings, there was no fear as to the final outcome of a war with England, should a war be necessary. The stars and stripes, all said, would be again victorious. James C. Carter, the eminent authority on international law, was yesterday asked to state his opinion of the strength of Lord Salisbury’s contention that the Monroe doctrine may not be applied to the dispute between Great Britain and Venezuela. “I can add nothing to the remarks I delivered at the dinner of the Baptist Social Union at the Savoy Hotel on the 5th of this month. That speech is the an- swer to your question,’’ said Carter. During the speech referred to Carter said: “My opinion on the subject of the Monroe doctrine is so vague and mislead- ing that I fear I might mislead rather than enlighten. Ihave not an opinion that I would not be willing to change to-morrow. Btill I think that the Monrce doctrine is right in so far as it does not go contrary to international law. “International law is whatever is right and just. Under it every nation has a right to entire sovereignty in its own do- minion. Kach nation has a right to deal with each other nation as it chooses, and no outsider has a right to interfere. “But there is one important exception. That 1s that this and every oiher nation has the right to defend itself not only at the moment of injury, but also against the possibility of future injury, and this ex- ception was the justification of the Monroe President Crespo’s “first act yesterday ldoctrhu. If the United States saw real DANGER OF THE AMERICANS IN ASIA MINGR, danger to itself by colonization of foreign powers on the American continent, then it had the rizht to enforce the doctrine; but the danger must be real and not fancied. *“If Great Britain is really trying to in- crease her possessions at the expense of Venezuela, and if the United States sees present or future danger in that, it is a matter to be considered. If, onthe con- ‘rary, it is, as England represents it, merely a quarrel over the location of a boundary line made fifty years ago, then the United States has no business to inter- fere.” Frederick R. Coudert, international law- yer and diplomatist, said yesierday: “England has been the bully of the world. Her policy has been one of aggression. She holds Gibraltar, and by that means has Spain by the throat. When France was tied up with Germany England seized Egypt, as she had previously seized Cy. prus. “In the event of trouble between this country and England, France would sweep into Egypt, and Russia would march upon Constantinople. England, of course, is responsible for the Armenian massacres. England will not permit Russia to seizel Constantinople and wipe the unspeakable | Tark off the face of the earth; therefore | thousands of Christians must suffer death. John Bull has no friends and Uncle Sam | has no enemies. 1f thereshould be trouble between America and England the sym- | pathy of all Europe would be with us, and | the band of every European nation would | be raised against England. | “The English Government appreciates its friendlessness and its helplessness, and | because of that fact there will be no war. | If war should come the map of Europe | would be recast, and perhaps the map of | Asia, t0o.” | e FAVORS THE DOCTRINE. But President Diaz Is Not Ready to Give an Answer. NEW YORK, N. Y., Dec. 19.—The Her- ald’s dispatch from the City of Mexico says: The Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Senor Mariscal, courteously volunteered yesterday to obtain the President’s views on the Venezuelan question, should he be disposed to give them. After visiting President Diaz, Senor Mariscal, with authority, said that while President Diaz was of course a partisan of | the Monroe doctrine, properly understood, he did not think he should give the press | question pending between Venezuela and England. | The American and English residents are unanimous in the expression of a hope that there will be no war. The Mexican public approves the American President’s interpretation of the Monroe doctrine. gl Lot i 1 sk WAR. 1S IMPOSSIBLE. Peruvians Think England Will Soon Give Away. NEW YORK, N. Y. Dec. 19.—The Herald’s Lima (Peru) dispatch says: President Perola was interviewed upon the message in regard to the Anglo- Venezuelan question. President Perola said that he had read with great interest the important decument which had just been issued in the United States. he acknowledged its force he said he did not care to talk at any length, as in his capacity as executive of the Statean ex- pression of opinion might be regarded as indiscreet. the matter, and in the streets, hotels and at the clubs the message is the only topic of discussion. The document is regarded as a forcible exposition of the Monroe doctrine and a diplomatic instrument of great power. The Comercio in a leading editorial yes- terd=y said that the message is a reminder of those issued by President Lincoin. The paper adds that England will be forced to give way, and that war is impossible. PR R B, PROFESSOR MOORE’S VIEWS. Thinks American Sentiment Bor- ders on Insanity. FLUSHING, L. 1., Dec. 19.—Professor John Bassett Moore of Columbia Coliege, who was Assistant Secretary of State under James G. Blaine, who is a recognized authority on international law, and who has issued recently several pamphlets on the Monroe doctrine, said yesterday that he believed England’s position in regard to the boundary of Venezuela was the right one. i England, he said, seized the territory in dispute under the right by which unoccu- pied land may be claimed, and made it valuable. There is an unclaimed strip of land on the other side of Venezuelain every respect as valuable as that in dis- pute. England, Professor Moore said, has twice established a boundary line, and in every way attempted to act fairly. The sentiment aroused in America, he declared, is an almost insane one. There seems to be no reason on the part of Eng- land to war with America, he said, yet to maintain her self-respect she may be forced to it. Our naval men, he stated, all agree that we are in no position to cope with England upon the water. Why America should forsake alliance with Anglo-Saxons, her own kindred, and take up with those of Spanish descent seems to him incom- prehensible. The Spanish are a treacher- ous race, unsettled and wavering. The South American republics are continually changing their position, and if the United States intends to become their champion it will keep the country continually in- volved in diplomatic controversy with European countries. G Professor Moore says he is preparing a paper on the Venezuelan question. TR R, TACTICS OF FINANCIERS. Englishmen May Call in American Securities. NEW YORK, N. Y., Dec. 20.—A special cablegram to the Sun from London says: A grave, but inevitable consequence of President Cleveland's message on the British-Venezuela disputes has arisen per- haps sooner than might have been ex- pected. A meeting of prominent financial leaders who have important interests in the United States was held in a London banking office yesterday for the purpose of While | The people here are greatly excited over | Congress Given Information on the Qutrages in Armenia. SLAIN BY THE THOUSAND Defenseless Persons Were Killed Under Circumstances of Great Atrocity. EUROPEAN CONCERT LACKING. If Missionaries Wish to Leave Turkey They Can Get Transportation to Christian Ports. WASHINGTON, D. C., Dec. 19.—The President to-day transmitted to Congress | a communication from Secretary Olney on the Armenian outrages, in response to the resolution of the Senate. Secretary Olney states that the number of citizens of the United States resident in the Turkish empire is not accurately known, but there are 172 American mis- sionaries and dependants scattered over Asia Minor. There are also a number of American citizens engaged in business in the Turkish dominions, and others origi- nally Turkish subjects, but now natural- ized citizens of the United States. The hulk of this element is to be found remote from our few consular establishments. He bears testimony to the energy and promptness displayed by our Minister, | Mr. Terrell, in the measures for their pro- tection, which had received the moral sup- port of the navy vessels of the United States. He adds that, while the physical safety of the United States citizens seemed to be assured, their property had been de- stroyed at Harpoot and’ Marash, in the former case to the extent of $100,000. The Turkish Government had been notified that it would be “held responsible for the immediate and full satisfaction of all in- juries on that score.” 2 The loss of American property at Marash his opinion as to its applicability to the | oy not been ascertained, but a like dee maud for adequate indemnity would be made as soon as the facts were known. The correspondence refers to the killing here who belong to the same clubsand | of Prank Lenz, the American bicyclist, are united by the common tie of language | and states that six persons, “Kurds and Armenians,” were to be put on trial for the murder. 3 Several cases also received attention. In most cases reparation was demanded and obtained by the Minister at Constantinople. Secretary ! Olney speaks of having little trustworthy information as to the Armenian outrages, but says the fact that in the Sassoun dis- | tricts numbers of villages were destroved | and many thousands of defenseless Arme- nians were killed under circumstances of great atrocity, and that no serious efforts | on the part of the Turkish authorities were put forth to stay the slaughter, seems to be generally conceded. Since that-time | appalling outbreaks against the Armenians have occurred in many other parts of Asia Minor. At latest advices, the report says, mob violence and slaughter appear to have been checked, or at least to have partially subsided. The Turkish Government has been emphatic in assurances of its pur- pose and ability to restore order-in the affected localities. “But,”” says Mr. Olney, ‘“‘at the present momeni the temporary lull in the turbulence is believed to be more apparent than real. A telegram just received from the Minister under date of the 16th expresses the gravest apprehen- sions concerning the ultimate fate of unless the appalling massacres .can be stopped by the united efforts of the Chrise tian powers.” 5 He sees no hope, however, of a European concert to thatend. He says thatif the missionaries wish to leave Turkey he can precure their transportation to Christian vorts; if the men wish to remain he can find escort for all to the seacoast, where~ upon the mencan retura. But he adds that the women and children should quft Turkey. 2 : In the course of his report Becretary Olney gives a picturesque description of the Armenian revolutionary movements and the resulting massacres. He adds: “The political aspirations of the Are shape in foreign countries where Armenian societies have been formed avowing as their purpose the attainment of autonomy for Armenia. The tradi- tional racial hatred between the robber Kurds and the pastoral Armenians, with resultant acts of cruelty and spoliation, has long helped this political movement, and it had attained considerable propor- tions even before the massacres of Sassoun contributed to its increased vitality. “On the 30th of September grave dise turbances began at Constantinople itself. Several hundred Armenians who had gath- ered for the purpose of going in a body to the Sultan’s palace and demanding re- dress for the grievances of their country- men were dispersed by the police after a severe conflictin which a number of Turks and Armenians were killed and woypded. Mob violence followed, the Armenians resident in various quarters of the capital being assailed by an excited Turkish rabble and over fifty were slain. “Therioting continued the next day (Oc- tober 1) in Constantinople and its suburbs. Some 800 or 1000 Armenians were captured or arrested, many of them being armed with new revolvers of a uniforra pattern. By the third day order was restored and the Armenians who had sought refuge in their churches returned to their homes. “On October 8 a Turkish uprising oo« curred atTrebizond, due, it is reported, to an attempt to assassinate the late Vali of Shall we have the pleasura of doing your engraving ? You shall have the benefit off all our experience. 515 Bosh sivoet. HL S CROCKER €9 United States American citizens in the disturbed region menians have for the most part taken .