The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, November 3, 1895, Page 16

16 THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 1895. { the rounding down of the earth in the age comprehend something of the of fertility | Amador soil and the indulgent climate. Away out yonder toward the high, white, billowy line of saws, series, Sierras, you behold perpendicular banks of red gravel hundreds of feet in height. These are beds of dead and buried riveis; the steep red banks showing where the hydraulics were arrested by the courts in their mon- strous work of tearing down the mountains years ago. Here the work of creation, of world-building, is laid bare. Here you can behold where migbty rivers flowed in of ice, where mountains topped by peaks of snow that propped the very skies plunged and plowed their way toward the sea. Here you can conceive the mastodon and the hairy elephant wallowing wearily in the potter’s clay of to-day; and then volcanoes bursting from under the top- | pling peaks of snow and burying forever | | the great rivers of grinding ice and gold | | and gravel under & sea of fire and ashes | | and molten lava. Amador still rightly boasts herself the | Amo, amas, amat; Amo-de-oro, amadeo, amadeus: Amador. That isall! This dear old county, a coupon clipped | from older Ei Dorado, is only about 40 years old, and yet no ore seems positive about the first significance of the name. My own idea, all things considered, is that it tirst meant love and gold; but a learned, | good clergyman tells me it meant love and | God—Amadeo, or Amadeus; the name of | an ex-King of Spain. 1 must intrude my | own interpretation, however, and, putting | it broadly, with some poetic license, insist that Amador first signified the lovely land | of gold; but love and God is better. The heart of this heart of California is | ilmnner gold-producing country of the: | globe. For, although there are a few | mines richer than those at Jackson, her | county seat, an hour’s hard staging further | on up the mountains from Ione, yet it is | conceded that Amador gives out more | gold annually than any other equal area | on earth. Ione? Queer name, I concede, and here is the story of it, according to | honest old James McCauley, a venerated Kentuckian and the historian of Amador, who has tilled her fertile valleys for more than forty years. Well, at first there was only a store in all that region, put up to trade with Indians. Then gold was found and Cap- | is, has from the first been away to the front, beth in letters and affairs of state. Five church spires pierce through the foliage that embowers the town, pointing us to the sapphire heavens, and *‘Old Glory” from the stately brick schoolhouse on ared hill beyond town tells us that “There is life in the old land yet.” Life? Such pretty children and such healthy children and such happy children I never saw (and I am old and have gone far), especially the children between 15 and 40 who don’t wear suspenders. Do you know what a teachers’ institute is? I doubt if you of San Francisco do, for these inspiring gatherings of the brain and beauty of the country do not flourish well amid the temptations of the tormenting metropolis. But out and away from that exciting, and, I fear, none too happy cen- ter, all the way from San Diego to Shasta, where T have been called as an old teacher to talk to young teachers, I have found | more heart, soul, sense and real refinement than I ever found in New York City or San Francisco. In San Diego there are more than 300 teachers, largely girls, in Tone less than 100, but every one alive! Even from the adjoining counties the superintendents came, and whatever may be the fate and the future of the children of the cities, those in the interior towns are safe, and you keep saying as you see these earnest and sincere teachers at their work, “God’s in his Leaven; all's right with the world!"” And you smile and think of this army of educators as little, apple-faced, demure maidens of the foothills who must work for bread. Gladstone’s beautiful daughter did not give her brave life to the trade of PLACER MINING IN AMADOR COUNTY. reached by a branch line of the Central Pacific, twenty-seven miles from Galt. The county is comparatively small in area and is shaped something like an hour glass, or, rather, like one of her tall and small-waisted native women. All the way up from Galt to Tone, in the heat of yvellow harvest fields, and appar- ently endless old-fashioned Kentucky corn- fields, you meet long trains of white potier’s This Amador clay is fatmed as the | tain Sutter sent up a party of his Indians from Sacramento to dig gold on the rich creek that flows through the streets of Ione and bears his name. And the queer, sporting and facetious Kentucky miners who began to dot down on the upper side of the store called this first focus of settle- | ment Freezeout: but the grimly humor- ous Yankeex on the other site named the camp Bedbug town. The dispute tan high. “There is no | school-teaching from compulsion; neither | did many of the thousands of girl teachers of California, but, like Gladstone’s | daughter, they are teachers purely for the love of doing good : For the right that needs assistance, For the wrong that needs resistance, | For the glory in the dista And the good that they can do. i Numbers of these teachers I had met at | Stanford’s as students when I lectured finest in the world, and is sold as far as poetry at all in your name of Bedbug |there; some from institutes of the East, Los Angeles and San Diego to the south and Portland and Seattie to the north. This clay alone insures a fortunate com- | town,” said the champions of Freezeout who knew the cards. “No, not much | poetry but lots of truth,” returned tie | but all, as a rule, are cultured, traveled |and terribly in earnest. They are betier | dressed than the young women of Qakland mercial future to old Amador. You also | others. In this crisis a family came. That |aad San Francisco, and mainly because meet coal trains. been in operation twenty years, ever since the railroad was built. The coal is abun- The coal mines have | settled it. Neither name was good enough for the presence of wife and babes and so a | bright young fellow who had been reading | not dressed so much. | What_about the gold mines in this rich- | est mining center of the globe? Well, if I HALF " dant, sixty feet under the surface, 300 feet above sea level, but is not of the best, al- though it can be mined at little cost and can be sold for $1 50 at the pit. Only twice in the last forty years has the snow ventured down from its lofty and everlasting bulwarks of frost and ice in the dim distance to the valley of Ione, so that the list of products of farm and gar- den wonld read too much like a seeds- man’s catalogue to be enumerated here, I brought away an old-style esr of Ken- tucky flint corn as long and almost as large as my forearm, and when you are told that 1t is from the second crop, and “from a field that bas been in corn every TURAL SIZE OF CORN AS IT IS RAISED IN AMADOR COUNTY, SECOND CROP. Bulwer’s “Pompeii” and fallen in love | with the heroine, Ione, came forward with 1 this name. the miners' meeting, *‘but let it go at | ‘Town!"” And so with a laugh at the big | San Francisco zambler the better element of the baby town baptized it as *Ione’’ in | the now turbid waters of Sutter Creek. | This is the town of a once famous United 1 | Btates Senator, and up yender, at the | county seat, lives a famous Native Son | whoserved long and ably in Congress, and | there, also, is the home of our Italian | WePe a young man, or even an old man un- employed, I would go straight to Amador. | Bear with me and I will tell you how I “‘I owe’ might be nearer the truth. | said a San Francisco gambler who had | only $5 and six honrs to get there now; it been sitting up all night and came early to | would go and what I woulddo. It costs used to cost.about $100 and a week’s time. You need take nothing with you, as of old. Youcan get everything at Tone,and at about one-twentieth the old prices. It is better for two men to go in company, for plenty of reasons. Find a camp under a tree, by & spring or stream or lake. You can kill game enough to live on, and will need only to have your blankets, bread, pick, pan and shovel to begin with. What then? Go to work! Go to work and keep at work! season for more than forty years, you will | Consul. in truth, Amador, small as she | Dig and dig and dig, till you dig up con- tent, gold and content together, as the ar-- gonauts dug up gold of old. At Ione I met a young schoolmaster from Michigan who goes out at daylight every Saturday and works his gozen hours with pick and pan like a man. I do not know that he has put a great deal of gold in circulation in the six months that he has spent in Amador, but he has put iron in his spine, blood in bis cheeks and man- hood in his heart, And, of course, he will yet strike a mine, and a good one, too. No, there is nothing at all in the way. The placer mines there were in a Spanish grant, in court for years; then it was sold to a corporation, and the grant wasonly a few years ago confirmed. The corporation then had the 50,000 acres surveyed in small holdings, having regard to water, wood and natural lay of each part, so that a man may have, as a rule, wood and water, farming land and mining ground on al- most any piece he may prudently select. This land is for sale at from $5 to $150 per acre, on easy terms. Now, as to the way I should do. I would sit right down under a tree with my partner and prospect and prospect till I found the place and the piece of ground I wanted, then buy it. And there Ishould “take up my everlasting rest.” At hard and heartful work I would dig up gold and even more precious content, and I would plant and I would have pigs, chick- ens, turkeys (a woman and her little boy made more than $1000 clear on turkeys here in one season lately), and I would stick to it till I had the place paid for to the last cent. Then I should take a little well-earned rest; in short, stop adding up cents entirely, but, by way of diversion, add to the census. Now, one final fact about these placer mines. They were abandoned about thirty-three years ago. This was when men wanted at least $5 a day, and when all things had to be freighted to the mines, often costing a big figure to begin with, and really cost the miners about five times what they cost to-day. See the difference, and the chance for the honest Michigan schoolmaster, or any other man, to strike a paying mine? Thirty-three years ago last fall gold was found in what was then Washington Ter- ritory, and California was emptied into Oregon, Idaho, Montana, I along with the rest. Amador was simply “to let.” Then came the terrific floods of 1862; ditches were destroyed, mines leveled; the old miners never returned. So you see how it is. The years have rolled by; a new generation has grown up; the brave old miners have gone to the other side. But the gold is there in the ground where they left off when all things cost so much and they went to other fields. It is only the heavy, hydraulic mining that so much fuss is made about. No one will object to your taking up the placer mines where thg argonauts left off thirty-three years 11;1, Believe me, an old placer miner who kuows, when I say there is money in Amador for all the idle men of Oakland and San Francisco; and 1t must be a miserable loafer indeed who can’t get the $5 to reach there on, and the further like sum as capital. As for experi- ence, go to work and dig it out as that schoolmaster is doing. The largeness of nature here, the lift of awful-fronted mountains toward heaven, the mystery, the magnificence, the room, the color of mountain, cloud and sky, the emphasis of color, of all colors, the savage grandeur above and all about you, and then the perfect repose at hand, the song of the crickets in the russet wild oats at your feet, the rabbits dancing in the chap- arral to the tune of theé piping quail onthe hill. . And does all this mean nothing? It means poetry, song, immortal glory to this great land; forit.is of itself poetry, song, the most sublime ever coneeived, and only waiting for the master hand to touch the chords of the harp. =~Soon or late, down from these glorious ramparts of nature, shall the minstrel boy descend to us, singing as he comes, con- quering the contending world with his melodious songs of love and of God: Ama- deus. Joaquix MILLER. THE Erectric WHEEL.—[f multitudinous patents and numerous improvements go for anything, the road electric cycling ma- cliine will soon be an accomplished fact. One electric tricycle, “built for durability, comfortand every-day business and pleas- ure use,” weighs complete, without motor or batteries, 47 pounds; with motor and batteries, 160 pounds. The machine imde- signed for « maximum load of 500 pounds, riders and baggage. The battery case and motor are spring mounted, and the seat is of leather, hbammock style. Another elec- tric tricycle is peculiar in having the for- ward wheel as the driving wheel.” The cur- rent is obtained from two cabinets of bat- tery, each 24x8x8 inches, which are fixed on either side of the driving wheel. The weight is 100 pounds. The carriage part of the vehicle is a_light structure con- sisting of a simple framework, with a wide comfortable seat and two pnen- matic tired wheels hung in_ ball bearings, Each wheel is independently journaled, so that all extra friction on curves is avoided. The peculiar feature of this tricycle is that the front wheel, being the driving wheel, and carrying within itself the en- tire locomotive force, is practically a me- chanical horse. 1t can be detached from one vehicle and hitched on to another in one minute, and will work as well in front of a sleigh as when drawing a carriage. It 1s claimed that one filling of the cells will run the vehicle from 100 to 150 ‘miles, according to the condition of the roads and the load carried. Enough of the con- centrated battery solution may be carried for a 500-miie run. In England a tricycle propelled by a tiny petroleum motor is being used. Its weight 1s under ninety pounds. The petroleum vapor is lighted by an electric spark. In order to set the machine in motion the rider admits the petroleum by turn- ing a tap, which at the same time turns on the electric current. In mounting a hill the rider can assist the speed by gearing up thie pedals and using the feet, thus add- ing animal power to that of the motor. The latest form of electric bicycle is now running in the streets of New York. It weighs, with its electrical equipment, 64 pounds, and carries 150 pounds for twenty- four hours at the rate of thirty miles an hour. The power is derived from a stor- age battery placed under the saddle, which is connected with a small motor geared to the rear wheel. The current is controlled by push buttons near the handle-bars, ~ A powerful electric lamp and an electric buzzer to warn‘pedestrians complete the equipment. * — Tae Trorrey 1N Pourrrcs,.—Politicians have discovered that one of the most ef- fective cenvassers ever depended upon for bringing votes to the polling-booth is the trolley-car. To swell the audience at a volitical mass-meeting in Newark, N. J., last week the Democrats engaged two cars to run all day throughout the city and ad- vertise their meeting by huge signs which announced the speakers. Each car had drums and fifes on board, and at night they brought up the Democratic sympa- thizers to the meeting hall. Seeing the success of this move the Republicans, who had theretofore been content with adver- tising their meeting on a furniture van covered with Pninte canvas signs, hired a car, nearly filled it with a big brass band and dispatched it triumphantly around the town. At night political clubs from all parts of Newark and the Oranges were carried in illuminated trolley-cars to the places of meeting, and the demand for streetcar accommodation was 8o brisk that every use: THE BULB LIGHT'S RIVAL, Acetylene Gas May Make the Incandescent Lamp Pale. STORAGE IN CYLINDERS. When Mixed With Natural Gas It Produces a Most Vivid Flame. Chemists and metallurgists have known for a long time that under proper condi- tions of temperature carbon would com- bine with various metals, forming ‘“‘car- bides” of the metals, but with the excep- tion of the various carbides oi iron these compounds have been little understood until comparatively recently. The carbides of the alkali metals, potas- sium, sodium, barium, strontium and cal- cium, are of great interest, especially the last named, on acconnt of the fact that when they are brought into contact with water they are decomposed with an oxide or hydroxide of the metal and acetylene gas as resulting products. The oxide of calcium is quicklime of commerce; the hydroxide slaked lime. Acetylene has for a long time been rec- ognized as the powerful illuminating ele- ment in almost all forms of artificial light in which the oxidation of a hydrocarbon is depended upon as the source of light. In a paper recently read before the London Society of Arts Professor V. B. Lewis says: “In my researches upon the lumi- nosity of flame I have shown that all the hydrocarbons presented in coal gas and other luminous flames are converted by the baking action taking place in the inner non-luminous zone of the tiame into acety- lene before any luminosity is produced, and that it is the acetylene which, by 1ts rapid decomposition, provides the lumi- nous flame with thése carbon particles which, being heated to incandescence by various causes, endows the flame with the power of emitting light.” With the competition of electric light to meet, all the Fns-munufacturers of the worid are searching for some cheap gas with which to enrich or increase the illuminating gower of their gas, so that considering this fact it will be compre- hended easily that any process which will produce such a necessary article of con- sumption will be of great value, provided it will produce it at a low Cost And i large quantity. Sir Humphry Davy was the discoverer of the chemical combination of carbon and an alkali metal, potassium, and he dis- covered also that the resulting compound would effervesce with water, but it re- mained for Berzelius (1836) to determine that the gas given off was acetylene. ‘Woehler (1862) prepared calcium carbide, and found out that 1t_decomposed by con- tact with water, forming slaked lime and a gas, acetylene. On account of the great cost of production of these compounds, and also their great impurity, they were looked upon as mere laboratory curiosities until recently, when T. L. Willson began experiments upon the electrolytic reduc- tion of certain refractory metallic oxides, He used carbon as a reducing agent and depended upon the great heat of the elec- tric arc to effect the result. While endeav- oring to form an alloy of calcium from some of its compounds, he heated a mix- ture of powdered anthracite coal and lime in his furnace, and produced a semi- metallic mass which did not prove to be the alloy he was after, and was thrown aside into a vessel containing water. The result was a violent ebullition of an ex- tremely pungent, irritating gas, which being lit burned with a bright smoky flame, and which analysis proyed to be acetylene. Here was one of the most unique discoveries of modern times, and Mr. Willson was quick to act. He experi- mented further, “‘and determined that in a properly constructed electrical furnace pulverized chalk or lime mixed with any formn of powdered carbon—charcoal, coke, anthracite, bituminous or graphite—can be fused into a compound known as calcic carbide, and that on the addition of water a double decownposition takes place.” The oxygen of the water combines with the calcium to form lime and the hydrogen unites with the carbon to form acetylene. Calcic carbide is a dark gray, stony-look- ing body, weighing 2.26 times as much as water, and one pound of it gives out 5.3 cubic feet of the gas. Acetylene is a colorless gas, weighs .91 as much as air, and basa most unpleasant odor, resembling garlic. It is poisonous though not so much so as carbonic oxide and not nem‘lf’ so dangerous on account of its odor, while the last-named gas is odor- less. It is readily soluble in water, 10 volumes of water absorbing 11 of the gas and then, becoming saturated, no more is taken up. It is more readily soluble in alcohol. At a pressureof 21.5atmospheres and temperature of freezing water it is easily liquefied in the form of a colorless, mobile, highly refractive liquid. If tne pressure ‘be suddenly relieved 1t solidifies quickly by reason of the rapid evaporation it undergoes, and this solid will burn if ignited, affording the striking spectacle of the combustion of a solid mass at a temperature of 118 degrees Fahrenheit, a temperature low enough to solidify mercury. If, however, the pressure be relieved slowly it assumes the gaseous form, so that it may be burned by means of a properly constructed burner provided with suitable reducing valves. It is a true gas and not: a vapor, which fact renders certain a complete mixture by diffusion with any other gas, a quality of reat value in its use as an enricher of illuminating gas. In common with the other hydrocarbons, it becomes explosive when mixed with air. In the proportion of four of acetylene to five of air it begins to be explosive, and at one to twenty of air it ceases to be explosive. At one to twelve of air the explosive violence reaches its maximum. If moisture be present, it attacks copper, so that all gas fixtures made of an alloy of copper must be coated with a water-proof varnish or else be tinned. 8o much for its physical properties. In enumerating its practical possibilities one is somewhat at a loss just where to be- gin, =0 many and varied are the uses to which it may be put. Professor' Lewis in his recent paper says: Acetylene can be looked upon as one of the great keystones of the organic edifice, and it is hardly pos- sible to foresee the results which will be ultimately produced. Itis the simplest of all the hydrocarbons, two atoms each of carbon and hydrogen uniting to form the molecule. It may readilly be converted into benzol, from which all the wonderful anilines, colors and flayors can be derived; ethylene, which will give us ethyl alcohol and all of its host of organic derivations— napthalene, anthracene and many other such compounds. Perhaps the mostim- ortant use to which it may be put is as an illuminant, exther as an enricher of other gases or by itself. Mixed with ordinary *‘coal gas'’ about 2 or 3 per cent of it increases the candlepower from 16 to 20. Mixed with natural gas about 5 or 6 per cent is re- quired to_bring the mixture up fo 20 candles. With water gas the result is not so satisfactory, 30 per cent failing to raise the candlepower to 20 candles, while a 10 per cent_mixture produces an absolutely non-luminous flame. 1t requires at least a 40 per cent mixture to produce a good anhz flame. 1f, as has been stated pos- sible by competent engineers, the gas can be produced at no greater cost than coal gas 1t 1s evident that a very large quantity will be used for this purpose; how much it is dan‘furo\x! to predict, but some idea may be had by considering that while the illu- minating power of ordinary gas is 16 special car of the company was in l ca;dles that of this eas is 240 candles. 'he measure of its practical usefulness is its cost when produced on a commercial basis. Recent tests made in New York State prove that by using steam power it can be made for $23 a ton. Of thatamount $10 63 is for the electrical power expended in the process, and no allowance is made for the bi-product of the lime which is left after the gas is extracted. With cheap water power the cost per ton might be re- duced to $15 or $17, and since a ton of car- bide produces commercially about 11,000 cubic feet of gas it is probable that acety- lene can be produced in large quantities at from $1 35t0 $1 55 a thousand, according as the cost of power varies. It may be that the large electric light companies will find here a means whereby their plants can be kept fully loaded throughout the twenti'-four hours, giving them the “level load line,” which all station managers endeavor to reach. Ifit is assumed that tie illuminating power of acetylene is ten times that of coal gas and that 3, or even 5, per cent added to coal gas will raise its candle power from twelve or sixteen to twenty candles, it is evident that gas men can afford to pay a great deal more than $1 50 a thousand and still find it profitable to use. It has been suggested that with the in- creasing demand for cheap gas for engines and stores, the gas companies may find it profitable to send out a low candlepower gas for such purposes, and where light is desired attach a cylinder containing liquid acetylene cr containing a stick of calcic carbide and a little water directly to the consumers’ pipes. These cylinders conld be replaced by fresh ones as often as might be necessary, and the cost of attendance would not be great. In cases where cheapness 1s not so great an object, such as isolated lighting plants in country homes, lighting of yachts, dec- orating of houses for social gatherings, etc., acetylene is sure to be largely in de- mand. Already a company has planned the manufacture of calcic carbide with this end in view. It is intended to furnish steel cylinders about four inches in diameter and sixteen inches long. The calcic carbide will be cast in sticks about a foot long and an inch in diameter, and will be coated with a glaze which 1s slowly soluble in water. The sticks being placed inside, the cylinders will be securely closed to prevent the atmospheric moisture act- ing prematurely, and when it is desired to produce the gas it will be necessary only to add a little water, seal the cylinder and counect it to the burners. A stick of this size will give a 20-candlepower light for ten hours. Aside from the commercial aspect of the new discovery the subject affords a sur- assing interest to the scientific world. nly a few years ago the line between organic and inorganic substances was drawn almost as sharply as that between living and dead things.” It was held that the organic comprised only those which were, or had been, endowed with the mystery of life. At present we are step- ping over this imaginary line in many Pplaces, and it is not at all certain that in so doing 'we are not simply following out nature in her operations. = As an example, itis more than possibie that the vast reser- voirs of natural gas and petroleum are being continually replenished by just some such process as has so lately been made commercially practicable. It iswell known that the ocean bottom is covered with a deposit of minute shells, the remains of myriads of shell-fish which live in the ocean. It is probable that this process of decay and deposit of = shells has been going on for ages, so that it is within the bounds o probability that somewhere in the interior of the earth these shell deposits may be mixed with the coal, which we know is there. Here then would be carbon and lime and only heat would be necessary to produce calcic carbide or similar substance. The heat we know is present and we have only to imagine a leak from the ocean bed or some other body of water to produce acetylene or something similar. Nearly all the hydrocarbons of this kind are readily convertible, one into the other, so that it is not difficult to imagine condi- tio]us which would produce the actual re- sults. The Pos!ibi]ity of manufacturing all kinds of organic substances from the inor- ganic, not only our light and heat giving compounds, but also our foods, forming them sympathetically from the elements of the soil, is a most fascinating one to the men of science. This accomplished, that is to say a thorough knowledge of the sub- ject having been acquired, it is only a step, possibly no more of a step thanthe one just made, to acquire the ability to endow material things with life. In’ the chain of evidence of the evolutionist such ability would be a far more valuable link than the “missing link.”” ALLEN H. BABCOCK. PROFESSOR BELL ON THE SCIENTIFIC PROB- LEMS OF THE Hour.—Professor Alexander Bell, who has just returned from a trip of scientific investigation in Europe, says, on being asked about the rumor that he was engaged in the construction of a flying machine, that while greatly interested in aerial machines heis not constructing any. At the same time he is following up a line of experiments, and working up tables which will be of useto future inventors. He is convinced that a flying machine is practicable, but that balloons and butter- fly wings must be discarded. He started his experiments with the idea of having a machine of greater specific gravity than the air, which he regards as the only cor- rect principle. One of his experiments was made with a French design simply constructed of metal. The French are in- dustriously following up the problem of artificial flight, and have done some valu- | able work. "While Professor Bell was in France ne was much interested in a ma- | chine called the helikoptes, invented by M. Trouve. Itis made of iron and other metals and screws itself into the air. Although Professor Bell hasof late done nothing with the rhadiophone, it is now riected. While it is impracticable at ong distances because of the rotation of the earth, it may be used to greatadvan- tpgfi: in testing the fluctuations of electric light. In regard to automobile cariages, electric railroads ana electric bicycles Professor Bell says: ‘‘These developments have led me to think of what is to become of the horse. Man has invented the bi- cycle to increase his powers of propulsion, and while I do not say that a horse could ride a bicycle, I am confident thata ma- chine could be built whereby the horse could be taken off the ground und used as a motor power. With a proper system of gearing great speed couhf in this way be attained.” A recent invention of Profes- sor Bell is a machinefor use in fisnermen’s dories on the banks of Newfoundland. When cut off from their vessels by fog the fishermen frequently lose their lives from lack of drinking water. It consistsof a glass crlinder, or bottle, through the neck of which runs a rubber tube containing a small rubber tube. The glassis submerged, and a brass cylinder, acting as a bellows by reason of the pressure of the rising and falling waves, pumps the atmosphere into the snbmergeg bottle. There it becomes condensed, and & constant supply of fresh drinking water is provided. Since Pro- fessor Bell realized a fortune out of the telephone his lines have fallen in pleasant laces. Many years ago, as is generally nown, he married a mute, with whom he lives very happily at his 15,000-acre sum- mer estate 1n Nova Scotia. He passes much of his time on an elegant and com- modious bouseboat, propelled by steam, on a large lake in the property. He hasa trap door cut in the goor of his dining- room 50 that he can fish if the fancy takes him while at the table. e —————— CoMBINED BRAKE AND BELL FOR TROLLEY Cars.—An electrical engineer who has just returned from Germany speaks of the attractive appearance of presented by the streetcars in Dresden, which is largely due to the fine dark colors in which they are ainted. Many of the cars are American; ut there is room for plenty more, and American manufacturers who desire to push business in Dresden are advised to correspond entirely in the German lan- guage. The German car-drivers ufke a pe- culiar bell for warning pedestrians. The bell is fixed on the top of the lever handle, and even while braking, the motorman can sound the alarm by simply raising and lowering the tube on the brake bandla. HEALTH LAWS. STOMACH COMPLAINTS. % & Never overload your stomach, morning, noon or night. g Excessively hot and excessively cold drinks are dangerous to the stomach. % * When your stomach is disordered use Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla moderately. s * When your stomach is filled, sit and rest; don’t run or ride a bicycle. g 5 Never take a bath when the stomach is full. e Ulcerated stomach may come from scrofula or from some corrosive or irritant taken into the stomach it is also the result of dyspepsia. In any event be sure to use Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla. You will notice a change in a week. * « Cancer of the stomach is the most serious of all stomach disorders. Great pains accompany cancer, and these pains can be relieved with the use of Joy's Vegetable Sarsaparilla. * % Chronic catarrh of the stomach is a bad form of dyspepsia, and is cured by the use of Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla. % 55 Enlarged stomach or dilated stomach is due to continual overeating or to gaseous dyspepsia, when the food ferments and gas is produced which bloats the stomach. This is curable, and Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla will cure it. * ¥ You may have to fizht your druggist to get Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla, but it is worth the price and fight included. Don’t let him substitute something for Joy's Vegetable Sarsaparilla. SKIN DISEASES. . Castile soap and warm water night and morning will dry up pimples and black- heads. g Don’t pick pimples with your nails, * * B Ulcers, body sores, scrofula and eczema disappear with the use of Joy’'s Vegetable * Sarsaparilla. Sweaty hands and feet should be wlx.d daily with cold salt water. { e ] If you have a skin disease don’t eat fats or take mineral drugs. Use Joy’s Sar- saparilla; it is made of herbs. * % * Dandruff is due to the oils of the head drying and scaling. Use cold water in morning and rub the head thoroughly. * % * ‘When your hair is falling it is time to use Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla. You then put the body in good health. . * e 5 Itching, burning skin often comes from dyspepsia. If von use Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla the burning will cease. * % ~ Shun the substitute. * Itching blotches all over the body, in hands, face, neck, loins and back are the result of a disturbance of the digestive tract. Use Joy's Vegetable Sarsaparilla and they will disappear. * % 5 Rushing of the blood to the head, hot and cold flashes and bearing-down pains are stopped with the use of Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla. . No matter how smiling the face of the substitutor may be, refuse his substitute and use Joy's Vegetable Sarsaparilla. " NERVOUSNESS. . Exercise moderately. Sleep from 6 to 8 hours. Retire at 10 o’clock. ey 5 If you don’t sleep soundly use Joy's Vegetable Sarsaparilla. It will clean the organs of the body, and you can sleep refreshingly. * If you wake tired you need be(texj health, and Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla will bring this. g When nervous and restless take mod- erately long walks and use Joy’s Vegeta- ble Sarsaparilla. 0 The heart, lnngs and stomach are gov- erned by nerves originating in the brain, and these nerves are quieted by what you take into the stomach, if you take Joy's Vegetable Sarsaparilla. x> ¥ Twitchings of the eyes and muscles of the face are symptoms of nervous prostra- tion. You need rest, change and Joy's Vegetable Sarsaparilla. g # A nervous man or woman should never overload the stomach. Moderation in everything, even Joy's Vegetable Sarsa- parilla, is essential. ** Nervousness, melancholy and a torpid liver go hand in hand. Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla will stir the liver, quiet the nerves and banish melancholy, % Substitutes are poo;. but poorer are the people who take the proffered substitute for Joy's Vegetable Sarsaparilla. . 5 After using one bottle of Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla you will agree it is good medicine. g A nervy man may offer a substitute for Joy’s Vegetable Sarsaparilla, but you can refuse the substitute. 5 -