The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, September 25, 1895, Page 6

HE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, WED: SDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 1895. L e e o e D e e I e R S D i B R PSR e S CHARLES M. SHORTRIDGE, Editor and Proprietor. —Postage Fre: week, by carrier.§0.15 il... 6.00 SUBSCRIPTION RATE:! and CaLL, one year, by mail Fund WEEKLY CALL, one year, by mall BUSINESS OFFICE: 710 Market Street. 2 +veene.Maln—1868 EDITORIAL ROOMS: 517 Clay Street. Celephone Main—1874 pen until 9 o'clock. antil § o'cle 0AK LAND-(')FFICE H €08 Broadway. EASTERN OFFICE: Fecific Ftates Advertising Bureau, Rhinelander tutlding. R d Duane streets, New York Cit The tariff may not be a burning issue, but it is too hot for the Democrats. There would be ing a little money to save a big forest. This is the season when the hunter in is should be extra careful of his vy action taken in the City izes the need of a new latest victory of the Cubans brings pendence close enough for us to ize it. cheers the country with the est output of peach The veto will at least bring the high-tax Jevy to the test of the courts, and there is somea good in that. ebraska eems to be an exhibit of frauds e receipts. ver Democrats may not fight their party, but they are getting ready for a big at the National Convention. In the beginning of evidence for the de- fense the Durrant case will get a new grip and a stronger one on bublic interest. When American heiresses own all the dukedoms, we will have a right to annex Great Britain as a purchased territory. The Traffic Association promises an ag- gressive campaign and ought to find sup- port enough to furnish the force to carry iton. When President Faure visits the Em- peror of Russia next spring we shall hear talk of a joint tour to Berlin during the summer, . When Chicago completes her big canal she wiil ve a hard fight in Congress to get permission to drain water from the great lakes to run it. The stabbing affray at the Atlanta Ex- position may be accounted a species of Southern exhibit, but it is not of the kind that attracts settlers. The British have so far recognized the growing importance of this City as to in- crease the rank of their Consul here, and to that extent our thanks are due. As an offset to the stories about her mos- quitoes, New Jersey claims to have more miles of thorot improved roadway than any other State in the Union. According to the Weather Bureau the conditions prevailing in this State suit the crops now maturing as if they had been made to order and made right. other Democrat than Clev who 1d like a nomination for the Pri ney next year, somebody ought to give him a brass band and an excursion ticket. To Joe If there is a Jefferson’s suggestion that every boy should be taught to fish and speak the truth, there is the objection that there are no teachers for that combination of arts in this country. that our people have heard Keir Hardie’s speech, it is hard to understand why the Eastern people made such a fuss ehout it. They are evidengly getting too gcarey over there. Now that the Republican party is about to return to power and public improve- ments will begin again, a strong and united effort should be made to direct the attention of Congress to the work that is needed here. Senator Morrill of Vermont has added his contribution to the third-term discus- sion, by saying: “I think Mr. Cleveland’s second term has extinguished all desire on his part, as well as that of the people, fora re-election.” eir Hardie’s comparison of big landlords to mic es is perhaps objectionable, but when he said it is necessary for the public to suppress the practice by which en landlords have acquired millions of acres in America, he told the truth. A recent statement in England that Canadian cheese is largely made up of oleomargarine has so roused the Toronto Mail and Empire that it calls for an official denial without waiting for investigation, | and says: “To waste time in investigating such a charge before meeting it with the most unqualified denial would be to ex- pose the export cheese trade to ruin.” * There is enough virtue in that argument for more things than the cheese business, and we ought to work it on the wine trade. It seems that the young girls and young boys of San Francisco who are patrons of the Free Public Library are being bunkoed, if that expression is permissible, in a bene- ficial way. According to the latest plans of the librarian and his assistants the very best literature for the young is made easily accessible by having desirable books spread about the tables, where they may be picked up and carried home without the trouble of searching through the cata- logues. The young people who are willing to accept the books suggested to them in this manner may have their wants sup- plied in short order, whereas if they prefer to hunt around for other publications not s0 beneficial they must devote more time and attention to the work. In this way the higher class of literature is given a better chance for circulation than the poorer quality, PANACEAS FOR POVERTY. Perhaps there has never been an age in the world in which there did not live some reformer who proposed a simple formula for abolishing poverty and establishing amdng men an equality of conditions. In our own age such reformers are numerous They live in every nation. They are hear in every town and village. Their books are everywhere. In the oldest nations of Europe and in this new State ot California they are equally active. They offer a wide variety of remedies, and where any two agree upon the remedy they differ as to the means of applying it. Thus there is a sufficient diversity of plans4o suit almost every form of discontent, and as a conse- quence not a few unreflecting people are led to trust in them and not infrequently to lose by them. One of the most notable of these re- formers is the Scottish workman, Keir Hardie, who is now with us, and who in a speech on Monday evening has made known the general outlines of his scheme. That what he has to say is well worth hearing is unquestionable. Every man who has a plan that promises to advance the welfare of the toilers of the world has aright to a platiorm of free speech and merits an attentive audience. Mr. Hardie, moreover, has special claims on public at- tention. He is one of those men who, by force of industry and intelligence, has risen from the ranks, and by a natural leadership has become a director of the energies of the workingmen of his country. He is not a mere talker. He has been a | worker, a student and a thinker, and the | words of such men are not to be confused with the general babble of noisy talkers for notoriety. ‘When the fullest attention has been | given to Mr. Hardie, it is not likely that he will have much influence here. He has nothing new to present tous. He urges | the old familiar plea that the one rc\iefi | | | from existing evils is to be found in state | socialism. Against this remedy the in- stincts of men rebel. Socialism cannot endure, even in carefully selected circles, much less in such widely extended com- | munities as modern nations. We have | had socialistic experiments in this State | over and over again, and one after another they have passed away. It is undoubtedly | true that the welfare of workingmen of ! the world has advanced in the past, and will continue to advance in the future; but | it has been, and will always be, by slow progress from precedent to precedemt. There is no panacea for poverty. foods. Within recent vears there has been a great advancement in the preparation of such foods and they have a certain use. The radical defect with the idea is that it does not take into account the demands of the palate as well asof the stomach. Unless food is palatable it is generally idle to regard it as nutritious, no matter how much nutriment it may really con- tain. Science pretends to have ascertained to an absolute certainty what is required as nutriment to sustain the vital forces, but, strangely enough, it has ignored other matters equally asimportant. The evolutionary position of a race may be accurately measured by the variety of its foods and the manner of their prepara- tion. The lowest known race is the Terra del Fuegans, who eat their fish raw. Even the savages of the Congo Basin when they eat meat invariably cook it. Now, cook- ing serves not only to make food more digestible, but it produces chemical changes that have the nature of a pleasant condi- ment. This is particularly the case with broiled beefsteak, which, by direct contact with the fire, develops highly seasoned chemical constituents that are exceedingly grateful to the palate. No education is required to prefer it to raw meat. The preference of the lower animals for cooked meat is proof. Condensed foods are clearly beneficial in illness, where little food is regarded and where it is accepted as a medicine. In such cases there is rarely a longing for food, and hence the situation is wholly unlike that presented by the case of a well and hearty person. Condensed foods which are highly palatable may be accept- able in part, but they likely lack the de- licious odor and other tempting attrac- tions appertaining to ordinary foods. The imagination is so potent a factor in diges- tion and assimilation that it needs to be regarded. 1t is this that makes poverty so hard. It would be easy for a laboring man to pro- vide himself with amply nutritious food at a cost of 10 cents a day, or even less, but it would not be so palatable as more expen- sive food, and hence he would not eat as much as he ought. This is exactly the position of a soldier required to subsist on condensed foods. Derangement of the | stomach is bound to ensue, and then come weakness and despondency. PROMPT SUPPRESSION. The shadow of the Haymarket tragedy still hangs over anarchism in Chicago and it will be a long time before the red flag of | no government will be permitted to take | the place of the National colors in that THE MAYOR'S VETO. The Mayor’s veto of (;e tax levy may prove to be invalid, but it is neither un- | timely nor useless. if the Mayor is not clothed with the veto power in cases of this kind he certainly ought to have it, and since there is doubt upon the subject the sooner it is brought to the test of the courts the better. It must be clear to every reflecting citi- zen that some means should be provided for testing questions of legality affecting | any portion of the tax levy. In the pres- ent levy, for example, provision is made to | raise money to pay back salaries of City officials. Money for that purpose was raised last year, but was taken from the salary fund to pay certain claims against the City. This processinvolves an evasion of the law, and may be held by the courts to be illegal and to vitiate the entire levy. Cases of a nature more or less similar may occur any year, and it is certainly advisable to provide in the City government some means of testing them before it is too late. We regard the veto, therefore, as a most timely and wise proceeding on the part of the Mayor. It may possibly have the effect of saving more than a million of dollars to the taxpayers and putting a check to the schemes of the Supervisors’ combine, but | even if it fails in that it will result in good by testing the legality of the levy and making more clear the need of clothing the Mayor with the power which he is now attempting to exercise. DANGEROUS ROCKS, Congressman Loud’s statement with ref- erence to steps taxen and needed to be en in the matter of the removal of rocks from the San Francisco harbor is reassur- ing. He denies that Congress has been flooded with petitions which have been ignored, and indicates the best method for requesting an appropriation for this pur- purpose. He declares that Congress is always willing to make any needed ap- propriation for the improvement of the harbor. of citizens send memorials to Congress asking for an appropriation for the re- moval of dangerous rocks. These will at once receive attention in the shape of an appropriation for a survey and report by Government engineers. Upon the presen- tation of the report the appropriation will | be made. As the one great harbor on the Califor- nia coast the bay of San Francisco cer- tainly should be made as safe for vessels as possible. Now that the people of the City have been informed that they themselves | are practically chargeable with the neglect that bas been ascribed to Congress, and bhave been instructed as to the proper method of procedure to secure the needed appropriation, they must blame them- selves in the future if these menaces to navigation are permitted to remain. rocks which should receive first attention are those that stand in the way of the ferry-boats between San Franciscoand the Marin shore; Blossom Rock, which is in the path of large ships from Port Costa; the | Mission Rocks, near the City water front; Anita Rock, in the Presidio bight; the Three Brothers, near Point San Pablo, and the Noonday Rocks, near the Farallones. Other matters affecting the integrity of the harbor might receive better attention than is accorded them at present. There is a proposition in Oakland for the disposi- tion of the garbage of that city by taking it out to sea beyond the Heads and there dumping it. This would likely cause the Cliff House beach to be strewn with dis- gusting deoris. The present method of disposing of the mud dredged from the San Francisco water front might be im- proved upon by utilizing it to fill the marshes in the neighborhood of the Potrero and thus assist not only in abolish- ing what malaria may be bred there, but also in filling out the front to the official shore line. At present it is taken into the middle of the stream and dumped, the idea being that the swift ebb tide will carry it to sea. Undoubtedly much of it is so car- ried out, but likely a part goes to the shoaling of the southern end of the bay, which should by all means be preserved as the natural waterway to the rich Santa Clara Valley. FOOD AND APPETITE. A curious story comes from Denver to the effect that a private soldier in the Sev- enth Infantry, U. 8. A., committed suicide because he could not eat the scientifically condensec rations with which the army is experimenting for use ‘on long or forced marches, The idea of such foods is that they contain nourishment in its highest form, that all waste which is a burden to the system has been eliminated, and that it is much more portable than ordinary He advises that leading bodies | The | city. When Cbarles W. Mowbray, the | English anarchist, began last Sunday ata | public meeting to preach the downfall of i our Government and the substitution of | the red emblem for the stars and stripes | the police promptly hustled him from the | stage and held their ground against the | tierce followers of Mowbray who attempted to force him back upon the platform. Tt is inevitable that the people of the United States will come to realize with Europe the necessity of laying a heavy hand on professional agitators from foreign countries whose mission it is to disrupt ex- isting governments. And it is a very in- stractive fact that even in a republic like this, where sympathy for a monarchical form of government is impossible, there is as deep-rooted a sentiment against an- archism ascan be found under the most oppressive rule of monarchy in the Old World. The main and particularly in- structive difference is that while in Europe the organized expression of opposition to anarchism comes from the constituted au- thorities, in this country it is the people themselves, rather than their government, who are arrayed on the side of law. This might naturally bave been ex- | pected. Patriotism under a monarchy is : more &n expression of love for the native | soil than for a government which the | people have not wholly created. There- | fore, the sentiment of patriotism must be stronger in a republic than in a monarchy, and it must be more concentrated in the form of that special creation of the people which represents their idea of self-govern- ment. A failure to understand this prin- ciple induces the immigration hither of agi- tators who have rendered themselves intolerable to Europe and who mistake the liberality of our laws and the indulg- ence of our people for an indifference to government and as an opportunity for anarchistic operations. Had these agitators the wisdom neces- sary to leadership they might reflect that America is the least inviting field for anarchists in the whole world. Our people had the opportunity to establish an anaschy when they brcke the bonds which held them to a monarchy, but they preferred an orderly Government of their own de- vising and control, and were moved to its organization by a wisdom that was stronger | through instinct than experience. That sentiment persists to this day, and will continue in force for an indefinite time to come. Foreigners who come hither to | overturn this sentiment have assailed a task beyond human power to accomplish, and the sooner they learn that lesson the | better it will be for the cause which they represent. We may be a foolishly com- placent people as a rule, but we know | when the limit of forbearance is reached, |and are never slow to apply the remeay which a serious occasion demands. THE WRIGHT LAW. The report that the United States Su- preme Court may decide the cases now be- fore it involving the Wright irrigation law without passing judgment upon the constitutionality of the law is one that will give no little concern to the people of every section of the State where irrigation is needed to obtain the best results from the cultivation of the soil. The issue is one of the gravest importance to the State and for a thousand reasons it is desirable that the question should be taken to the court of last resort and settled as soon as possible. In the arid regions of the country irriga- tion is as much a public necessity for farm- ing as is a water supply to acity. Itis straining the technicalities of the law too far when a distinction is made between a water supply for farm lands and a water supply for kitchens, laundries, stockyards, parks, gardens, lawns and other accessories ofa city. We are confident the Supreme Court will recognize that the law is a living principle growing with the growth of human institutions and nota dead formula incapable of adaptation to new needs and new conditions. Irrigationis a necessity of Western America which the law must recognize in the end. We confidently ex- pect the recognition to be made by the Supreme Court as soon as the constitu- tional question comes before it, and this should be provided for in the case appealed from the decision of Judge Ross. | The questions involved in the Nicaragua canal, the affairs of Venezuela and Cuban independence will give Congress a great deal of Pan-American politics to attend to this winter. As old lady Britannia seems to have lots of money to put up for another race between the Defender and the Valkyrie, Uncle Sam can please his folks mightily by accommodating her. PLAIN TALKS WITH FARMERS. To CorrESPONDENTS: T am greatly obliged for the suggestions of topics to be treated and I hope to receive more. In due time most subjects suggested will be taken up if THE CALL thinks it worth while to continue to devote space to these Talks. Justnow I am engaged upon the far more important work of seeking to induce farmers to get knowledge for themselves and at their own- expense. What a newspaper can do in this way THE CaLL will do. If I knowanything of value I will tell it. But my own knowl- edge, like the knowledge of any one man, is necessarily limited, and such accurate de- tailed information as I am trying to show that farmers must have is expensive stuff. One man has asked questions that would cost THE CALL not less than $1000 to so answer that the correspondent could safely base business investments upon tbe replies. I am moved to urge farmers to greater knowledge, not because 1 know so much, but because I know so little. I my- self feel the need of it. Iam unableto plan m{ own farming because I am ig- norant of many essential facts which I can- not afford the cost of obtaining. I want to unite with others in the expense of finding some of these things out. The first step toward knowledge is the consciousness of ignorance. I have taken that step. When farmers generally have done the same there is some chance of our going further. So I will keep on 1n this strain until I see whether or not any practical result will come of it. If there does not, there has been time and money thrown away. But 1 continue to invite correspondence, and all who write—and sign their names—shall have a reply of some kind. The newspapers which do me the honor 1o comment on these letters, for the most part express their approval. Here and there, of course, some clown makes mani- fest his folly by a flippant remark, and there is a little honest dissent. The ob- vious fact that the farmer lives in far greater material comfort than formerly is assumed to be evidence of his satisfactory progress. This is correct if the comfort is habitually paid for from income from the farm. It is not my observation, however, that this is the case. I think it is usually being paid for from accumulations acquired otherwise than by farming or by debt. This condition has developed within the past few years. standard of comfort is relative. may be great power of survival with a low standard of comfort. Witness the Chinaman. I do not think it is so much a high standard of comfort whicia indicates power of survival as freedom from habitual worry. It is my observa- tion that the farmers of Cahforniaarein a state of habitual worry that no temporary depression can account for. My knowledge of farmers is not obtained at second hand, but from_personal and confidential inter- course with all classes of farmers in all parts of the State. In my early farming experience at the East a young man of good health and good habits was gen- erally safe in buying a farm at the = current price if he could pay down one-third and had a team, tools and a little stock. He would pay off the balance sooner or later, according as the Lord did or did not bless him with a large family. He waspretty sure in time to pay off his aebt from the sale of farm produce. AsIdo pot think this could usually be now done in the same way while raising a family, I think the farmer has relatively retrograded. I am not a pessimist. The pressure of population upon subsistence is sure ultimately to make agriculture the most desired and most honorable of occu- pations, and 1 do not believe it will be carried on by lords and serfs, because I do not believe that the majority of the race will consent to be serfs.” I can only recon- cile my belief in the ultimate out- come with my observation cf present tendencies by assuming that the pressing necessity for knowledge will in time in- sure the acquisition of knowledge, and that those who know will gradually crowd out those who do not know, who will be- come extinct as farmers. But nething is gained by shutting our eyes to present conditions and tendencies. Com) ) compels the cultivation of specialties; this invites the increased use of capital, which can be employed more economicnlly over large areas. The small wheat farmeris gone because he cannot compete in cost of production. The small fruit farmer is threatened because he cannot stand the risk of production. Risk is lessened by in- creased knowledge, which the small farmer can only obtain by organization. he There I have already stated that what I mean by “knowledge’’ is definite, well-authenti- cated information concerning methods and cost of production and marketing and ac- quaintance with such principles of eco- nomics as underlie the subjects with which farmers deal by their votes. Perhaps a paragraph illustrating a portion of my meaning will be useful. There are doubt- less farmers in California proposing to engage in the culture of the new tannin plant canaigre, I believe it safe to assume that not one of them has the knowledge ! without which no trained business man would think of engaging in any such ven- ture. Before such a man would put his money into such an enterprise he would know—assuming that he could produce the root successfully—in what form the prod- uct must be put for marketing and the cost of doing the work; whether the size of his plantation justified the cost of the necessary appliances and, if not, where he could get the root manipulated and at what cost; whether or not the product is suitable for making the best leathers: its cost as compared with other tannin, ngpan“ion!; ‘whether or not there woul a home market in the face of our sup- plies of tanbark and, if not, where there is an established market and at what price, and the cost of delivering it there, includ- ing probable duties; what competition is to be expected und what are his chances against that competition; and the proba- bility of an immediate large increase in the supply and the effect on prices and profits of such an increase. Upon his summin, up of his knowledge of the above facts ung his estimate of average crops and cost of production, which would be before him in writing and considered point by point, the trained business man would make his de- cision. The farmer, on the contrary, would ordinarily derive whatever informa- tion he had from all sorts of vague sources. and it would not be knowledge at all, but merely impressions or beliefs. He would simply take his chances, and cannot hope to hold his own against cold-blooded busi- ness methods regularly employed in all business operations, Now the farmer of himself has no means of getting this information. He does not know whom to ask or have any assurance of accurate reply; and if the enterprise above mentioned illustrates an extreme case, he has not to-day at his command the commercial knowledge requisite for the intelligent planting of an orchard or even for the intelligent marketing of this year's crop, much less for any temporary control or management of "the market which might be possible to him and which is constantly employed against him by those who sell to him., In fact, if he knew how to get information he has not the money to pay for it, nor 1f he had could he afford to pay it out, for the cost of getting the information for most wisely marketing a small crop is as great as that for market- ing a larger quantity, and his small crop could not bear the expense. There is evidently but one remedy, the farmer must unite with his fellows in ob- taining at the common expense the knowl- edge essential to all. Possibly and prob- ably when they get such knowledge it may impel them to act together, as well as learn together, and Po sibly also the cheapest and most effective method of learning will be by co-operative effort to do what the; reaily have not yet learned how to do. noticeable advance in popular knowledge of fruit-marketing has certainly been made in Oalifornia during some years past by Competition | co-operative efforts which have not always, as sueh, been very successful. “We learn to do by doing” is a very sound motto. It is easy to see, and I have endeavored to point out what ails the farmer, how he got into his condition and the only rem- edy. What none of us know is, whether he can be got to take the remedy. Isola- tion seems to beget sluggishness. The tendency of the farmer when shown his condition is to acknowledge the facts and do nothing about it. The same showing to city workingmen immediately begets ac- tion. Nobody but themseives can save the farmers, and it is not generally believed that they will make the effort. Some think that the natural selection of the bright and forceful who drift to the cities leaves a residuum incapable of spontane- ous action for its own welfare. Others claim that ability is abundant and needs only to be excited by the mutual contact of individuals. Still others, concedin, that this is true, deny the possibility ol producing the contact; they say that nothing can draw the farmer out of his shell, and that he is doomed to extinction and to be replaced by a class of abler men. As T have said, I do not share this be- lief. There are doubtless men now farm- ing who will go under, just as there always have been, and their number, I think, is larger than ever before, but I can see such progress in class organization that Iam led to believe, as I of course hope, that the vigor of the race will assert itself and over- come the unfavorable conditions. This progress is probably nowhere better illus- trated than in California. In the early seventies a wave of co-operative effort among farmers rolled over the State under the leadership of the Grange. Everywhere there was organization, the beginnings of co-operative business and the anticipation of independence, wealth and happiness for farmers. The result in nearly every instance was blank, hopeless failure, involying great loss to individuals and discredit to the organiza- tion promoting the movement. The rea- son for the failure was the fact that the movement was directed by enthusiasts with no practical business sense or experi- ence. ithin the past three yearsanother movement has been in progress, not so noisy as the first, but with wiser direction, and in many and perhaps most cases managed with prudence and judgment upon sound business principles. The resuit of this movement, while including many farlures or partial failures, has been the establishment of many successful en- terprises, with capital invested and man- agement educated, doing a large business and giving every prospect of survival. The difference between the measurable success of the later organizations and the utter failure of those of a former period shows the progress made in a quarter of a century. It isencouraging. Epwarp F. Apawms. DISCOVERY OF GOLDIN CALIFORNIA LETTERS REGARDING THE CALL'S RECENT ARTICLE ON THE SUBJECT. Editor San Francisco Call: 1 send you for pub- lication a communication from myself and a letter from I. L. Given of Oakland, concerning the first discovery of gold in California. If you can find space, please publish them. I think they have considerable historical value. J. M. GUINN, Secrct‘lry Historical Society of Southern Cali- ornia. Los ANGELES, Cal., Sept. 20, 1895. Editors San Francisco Daily Call: In a com- munication published in THE SUNDAY CALL of September 8 on “The First Discovery of Gold in California,” I stated that the date of the dis- covery was in controversy, and gave Colonel J. J. Warner, a pioneer of 1841, as the best au- thority for 1831 as the year of the discovery. | The date given by Don Abel Stearns—March, 1842—1is the one most usually quoted, and has been accepted by Bancroft and other historical writers as the correct aate. Since my article appeared in THE SUNDAY Ca1y I heve received a letter from I. L. Given of Oakland, one of the oldest living California ploneers, This leiter—a copy of which [send you—controverts Don Abel Stearns’ state- ments and proves conclusively what Colonel Warner always asserted, that Don Abel was mistaken in regard to the date of the discovery. The fact mentioned in Mr. Given's letter that Don Abel had a large quantity of gold dust in his possession in the fall of 1841, obtained from the San Fernando diggings, proves con- clusively tnat these placers were discovered before 1842. I think it may be considered as an_established fact that the first discovery of i old in California was made in Los Angeles County in 1841. I send you a copy of Mr, Given’s letter for ublication. It is ‘a_valuable contribution to alifornia history. Yours truly, . M. GUINN, Secretary of the Historical Sqciety of Southern California. OAKLAND, Cal., Sept. 8, 1895, J. M. Guinn Esq., Secretary Historical Society of Southern California—DEAR STR: I read in to-day’s San Francisco CALL a communication from your pen concerning the first discovery of gold in Calffornia, in which you quote from the account on that subject written by Colonel J.J. Warner, for whose accuracy in historical fact you vouch, and very properly, as I think. This account gives the date of the dis covery of gold in June, 1841. And ycu also quote Don Abel Stearns as giving the date of the discovery in March, 1842, Now it is about the latter date that has influ- enced me to send you these lines. Iwas oneof the party, in which Roland and Workman were perhaps the best known mem- bers, who came from Santa Fe to California in 1841, arriving in Los Angeles in the fall of 1841. Shortly after our arrival Dr. Lyman, a memberof that party, and myself were invited to dine with Don Abel, as the natives all called him, and while in his house he showed us a quart bottle of gnld dust, containing about 80 ounces, obtained about where Colonel Warner describes the places located. Now how could Mr. Stearns place that date a year later? We suggested the propriety of visiting that camp and engaging in mining, but Don Abel thought the gold could not be found in paying quantitles. Ishould like to have written you more fully, but am within a few days of 82" years old and dislike to write much. Very re'pe'i“[l,m(f yours, . L. GIVEN, You must not sing o' Sundays Because it is a sin ; Butyoumay sing o Monday, Titl Sunday comes again. A DRAWING BY FRANK HAZENPLUG. [From the Chicago Chap Book. HINTS FOR ADVERTISERS, Newspaper space may be compared to a den; it is & success or a failure, just as it is tivated. ‘Ine first requisite toward convinei the public that your goods are superior to others is to believe it yourself. The principles of economy are not best fol- 1owed by stopping {our advertising, but by ad- vertising more judiciously. ‘When the dl‘{l are stormy and people stay at home, your advertisement in the proper me- dium is right there with them. A gold mine ceases to pay the instant you cease to work it. No one has ascertained when an ad ceases to pay divideuds. Advertising has long been considered the business magnet to draw trade. But it seems not always to be understood that it is like the ~ B electro-magnet: it draws proportionately as the current is strong and tontinuous.—N. Y. Printers’ Ink, PERSONAL. Smith, U.8.N,, is a guest atthe Dr. R. K. Palace. James Hart, real-estate dealer of San Jose, is at the Russ House. Dr. Bailey of Santa Cruz was at the Occiden- tal Hotel yesterday. ! g Rev. G. A. Ottmann of Sacramento is stopping at the Occidental Hotel. Guy Kilburn, merchant of Newman, Cal,, isa guest at the Grand Hotel. Judge J. W. Parker of Sisson, Cal, s regis- tered at the Grand Hotel. E. E. Bush, a real-estate dealer of Hanford, is & guest at the Lick House. W. R. Macreneto, Assessor of Kern County, is & guest at the Russ House. W. H. Stevens, railroad man of Vacaville, is stopping at the Grand Hotel. Alfred Gonzales, merchant of Gonzalez, is registered at the Lick Hounse. Frank Hazen, merchant of Healdsburg, is registered at the Russ House. George 8. McKenzie, Sheriif of Napa County, is a guest at the Grand Hotel. Lieutenant W. S. Hughes, U, 8. N., registered at the Palace Hotel yesterday. Paul Hoffman, merchant of Neweastle, regis- tered at the Russ House yesterday. Sam N. Rucker, merchant of San Jose, regis- tered at the Palace Hotel last evening. The latest messages recelved from Claus Spreckels announce his arrival in Paris. George H. Appel, frutt-shipper of Sacramento, was among the arrivalsat the Palace yesterday. G. B. Frederick of the passenger department of the Pennsylvania Railroad isat the Occi- dental. Dr. C. E. Danforth of Marysville arrived in town yesterday and is stopping at the Lick House. J. W. Slater of Rhode Island, owner of the yacht Eleanor, registered at the Palace Hotel yesterday. Ex-Congressman James A. Louttit of Stock- ton was among the arrivals at the Lick House lastevening. J. J. Hebbron of Salinas, formerly of the State Board of Equalization, is stopping at the Grand Hotel. H. M. La Rue of Sacramento, State Railroad Commissioner, registered at the Occidental Hotel yesterday. W.R. Clark of Stockton, State Railroad Com- missioner, arrived in town yesterday and in- scribed his name on the Baldwin Hotel register. J.S. Slauson and wife of Los Angeles regis- tered at the Palace Hotel yesterday. Mr. Slau- son is a well-known banker of Southern Cali- fornia. % J. A. Munroe, freight traffic manager Union Pacific Railroad, Omaha, Nebr., arrived in the City yesterday from Los Angeles and registered at the Occidental Hotel. E. M. Preston of Nevada, ex-State Senator, in whose honor the Preston School of Industry at Tone was named, arrived in the City vesterday and “autographed” at the Grand Hotel. W. 8. Leake, Postmaster of Sacramento, who has been visiting the Spreckels place at Aptos on a vacation, arrived in the City yesterday and went to the capital on the evening train. P. V. Cusack and wife of Buffalo, N. Y., ar- rived in the City yesterday and are guests at the Occidental Hotel. Mr. Cusack is assistant Superintendent of Police at Buffalo. He has served in the department for thirty years and is now visiting the Pacific Coast on a vacation. J. A. Clough, one of the most popular hotel clerks on the Pacific Coast, will take charge of the Baldwin Hotel office October 1. Mr. Clough presided at the office of Del Monte Hotel, Mon- terey, for twelve years, and many travelers who have made the rounds of the globe speak to-day of his kindness and courtesy to guests. Congressman D. W. Mercer of Nebraska and George W. Smith of Illinois, who have been so- journing for two months on the Pacific Coast aud making headquarters at the Hotel St. Nicholas, left the City yesterday for the East. They have had a pléasant vacation and will at- tend the next session of Congress with knowl- edge of California affairs gerived from personal observation. Colonel Finley Anderson of the United Press, which is known as the greatest news-gathering organization of the world, left last evening for New York. Colonel Anderson has been in Cal- ifornia for the past three months, and during that time has become acquainted with nearly all the newspaper men of the Pacific Coast. He has gained the friendship of all who have come in contact with him, and his departure is sincerely regretted. California life has so many attractions for Colonel Anderson that he promises to return in time for the spring fiestas, and unless the Easterners are watchful of his movements they will lose him alto- gether. When a man spends a summer in Cali- fornia it makes him dissatisfied with the East- ern climate thereafter. Colonel Anderson's efiorts in benalf of the United Press, whose vast interests he so ably represented, were crowned with complete success. CALIFORNIANS IN NEW YORK. NEW YORK, N. Y., Sept. 24.—Californians registered at the hotels to-day: San Francisco B. Carleton, Daniel O'Callaghan, Hoffman; H. R. Brown, Murray Hill; Mr. and Mrs. Butler, Mrs. L. L. Baker, P. S. Baker, W. A. Foster, C. Loring, Holland; E. H. Holmes, Astor; Mrs, L. Mayer, St. Cloud; H. Plourky, Stewart House; M. Bauer, Marlborough; Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Drown, Misses Drown, Murray Hill; Mrs. Berger, Miss H. Berger, Gerlach. Los Angeles—Mr. and Mrs. F. W. Branner, Hol- land. Sacramento—Mrs. Siddons, Miss N. 8id- dons, Bartholdi; C. W. Reed, Astor. THE SCOTCH TRIO. But in spite of points of likeness we must see that Maclaren and Barrie and Crockett do not use their material in the same way. Each vil- lage preserves its own individuality of charac- ter and story. These men have revealed to us much that is truly interesting in the native traits of the race to which they belong, and have preserved to a remarkable degree the natural coloring in the bits they have gathered for us. They have inspired us with respect for the sturdy men and women they bring to our acquaintance, mdking us balf afraid to laugh even at the humorist himselt. Asto the lhaolcgly of these village people, we are rendered heipless to contend where every peasant knows his catechism with all the reasons why, where men of everyday parts are able to sit interested under a sermon several hours long and then go home to recount the heads of the discourse and the main nr;umcms. adding a little personal criticism of the entire per- formance, together with a close comparison of the sermon with another preached upon the n;m:‘a text some years before by another “hody."” Whether these stories or others like them will much longer retain their popularity who may say ? The vein may be nearly worked out; it were a pity to qnite exhaust if. Itisa deli- cate point to know when to stop that it may be short of weariness to the reader and where imitations are discouraged. But surely these three men are masters of theirart, and it would e as foolish to attempt to excel them in their own department es it would be vain to deny the charm of treatment of every subject they touch.—Springfield (Ohio) Womankind. HUXLEY AS A LECTURER. It is very singular that, although, asadmitted by all who heard him, he was one of the clear- est and most eloquent of scientific lecturers of his time, he always disliked lecturing, and the nervousness from which he suffered in his early days wes never entirely overcome, however little apparent it might be 10 his audience. After his first public Jecture at the Royal Insti- tution he received an anonymous letter, telling him he had better not try anything of the kind again, as whatever he was fit for, it was cer- tainly not giving lectures! Instead of being discouraged, he characteristically set to work to mend whatever faults he had of style and mannper, with what success is well known. Nevertheless, he often told me of the awful feeling of alarm which always came over him on entering the door of the lecture-room of the Royal Institution, or even the College of Sur- 5::1:‘1, d‘;’:‘:;: ;gzlmlbjeot wn'l;m:’l ln&llhnud rely sym etic. He had a feeling that he must hroakp;own before the lee- ture wasover, and it wasonly by recalling to his memory the number of times {:o had lectured without un(lhln. of the kind happening, and then drawing conclusions as to tg: improba- bility of its occurring now, that he was able to brace bimself up to the effort of beginning his discourse. When once rly away on his sub- g;:t all such apprehensions were at an end. hu‘tfl: l:axps’r::::ce; are, of course, vfléy com'\;io;l. Pro) Tavate atly in ;l\nxle :'.. %‘r‘l:ubyl ; fitd h‘-flthmn;u nl;ig-rl le, rlwc Ly a which, as he says himeelf, was his w'!.’:&'f.. companion for the Inst hall century of his life. Bearing in mind the serious inroad this made in the amount of ilable for active employment, it is m:’:-:n :o think of the qu.m‘h, he was able to accomplish. When the time comes for form- ing a just estimate of the value of his scientific work, and if quality as well as quantity be taken into account, it will without doubt bear comparison with, if it will not exceed, that of any of his contemporaries.—From '‘Reminis- cences of Professor Huxley,” by Sir William H. Flower, in North American Review for Sep- tember. ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. GERMANS IN THE WAR—P. 0'C., East Oakland, Cal. During the early part of the War of the Rebellion there was, on the Union side, a Ger- man division under General Blenkner. After- ward this division was transferred to the Eleventh Army Corps nnde;sige). The;;e v;]ere ivisions in that corps, the first :lhnrsngg:)?;\Elu?ld of Stahl, the second under Steinwehr and the third under Carl Schurz. This corps was consolidated with the Twelfth and Twentieth, under Fighting Joe Hooker, and the Germans took part in the battle of Missionary Ridge. They were frequently fayorably mentioned in the reports. B1G SaLARriEs—S. W., City. Th:re are some in the United States who are paid a Do Salary than that paid fo the President of the United States. Theo&‘rcsl'lcn( of the Equitable Life js paid $100, he president of the New York Life receives & nually. President Cleveland receive: a year and a furnisned house. Duck-SuooriNe.—F. K., City. The duck season in Alameda County opens October 15, unless the Supervisors should conclude to ex- tend the close season. Duck-shooting isnot rmitted on Lake Merritt and within 100 yards rom high-water mark upon land surrounding the lake, Hunters are also prohibited at any time from hunting on private grounds. THREE IN THE BucGy—Subscriber, City. At the time that young McGreevy was shot by Frank Vn]encisvnea§ Fairfax Park, in Marin County, there were two in the buggy with Me- Greevy. ‘WooDLAND AND CHIco—F. A. 8., Chico, Butte ST £ T‘}‘S °""a°§'€~°¥.‘&xf£'fik°§n§‘§2 opulation of Chico an 0 gl }ihe last census, These give Chico 2894 and ‘Woodland 3069. DEMAGNETIZING IRoN—L. K. R., Tity. Mag- netized iron is demagnetized by applying the demagnetizing current, which destroys the permanent magnetism. THE DEFENDER—W. H. C., City. The outer sheathing of the Defender is of aluminum bronze. MENU FOR WEDNESDAY, SEPT. 23. BREAKFAST. Fruit. Quaker Oats, Milk. Rice Omelette, Tomato Sauce, Corn Flour Gems, Coffee. LUNCH, Veal Croquettes. Peas, Mayonnaise of Celery, Fruit. DINNER. Cream of Lettuce Soup. Roasted Chicken, Giblet Sauce, Boiled Rice. ‘Succotash. Lettuce Salad. ‘Wafers. Cheese. Ground Nut Cream. Coftee. —Household News, 000 an- $50,000 PEOFPLE TALKED ABOUT. Emile Ollivier is writing a love story called “Marie Madeleine,” which he began twenty years ago. Paganini’s body was recently dug up for some reason in the cemetery at Parma, where it 1aid, and the features were found to be well preserved. =Aix in Provence has just erected a statue to Peirese, who, in the seventeenth century, in- troduced into France the Angora cat, the ole- ander and the large-leaved myrtle. M. Gaston Donnet is preparing an expedition into the Sahara in search of the survivors of the Flatters mission. Large sums of money have been subscribed in Paris to help him. Verdi bas just finished a mass for theseventh centenary of St. Anthony of Padus, which falls next month. He is setting to music a number of hymns to the Virgin written by Signor Boito. Bacox Printing Company, 508 Clay street.* e e e TOWNSEND'S famons broken candy, 10c a 1b.* At el T ROBERTS, 220 Sutter—‘‘Cards by the miilion.”* D e Ferrari, the celebrated composer, relates the following anecdote in his memoirs: On a cold December night & man in a little village in the Tyrol opened the window and stood in front of it with hardly any clothing to his back. «“Peter!” shouted a neighbor who was passing, “what are you doing there?’ “I'm catching a cold.” “Whatfor?” “So that I can sing bass to-morrow at church.”—Baseler Nachrichten. it it Kl Hoon's Sarsaparilla has power to giveto the blood richness and purity, and upon the healthy condition of the blood depends the health of the whole system. Take Hood’s aud only Hood’s. e « Mrs. Winslow’s Soothing Syrup"” Has been used over fifty years by millions of mothe ers for their children while Teething with pertecs success. It soothes the child, softens the gums, al- lays Pain, cures Wind Colic, regulates the Bowels and is the best remedy for Diarrhceas, whether arising from teething or other causes. For sale by Druggists in every partof the world. Be sureand ask for Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrap 258 & bottle. —————————— The summer home of Professor Bell, the tele- phone inventorand millionaire, is on an estate of 15,000 acres in Cape Breton, on the Bras @'Or. The professor seems to have all the in- stincts of the true fisherman. On one of the neighboring lakes he has a houseboat propelled by a steam launch, with a trapdoor cut in the floor of his dining-room so that he can fish, if the fancy strikes him, while at the table. A Good ldea. “\lways Give the Other Fellow a Good Bargain” And have the knack of doing the right thing at the right time in the right way. We are giving the good bargains all right and doing the right thing at the right time by getting our Fall Goods in early. ‘We are doing it in the right way by putting them on exhibition now and marking everything in plain figures. DON'T BUY Pictures, Frames, Easels, Piano and Banquet Lamps, Writing Tab- lets, Papeteries, Visiting Cards, Playing Cards, Silver Desk Orna- ments or LEATHER GOODS Until you have seen our new dis- play of new things. Ladies’ Purses in giraffe, seal, grained calf, etc., in all the fashionable colors, either plain or silver mounted. Cardcases, Bilibooks, Visiting Lists, Picture Frames, Lap Tabletsand Traveling Sets. Whole showcases full of quadruple plated and sterling sil- ver noveities for desk and table ornaments. All welcome. None urged to buy. SANBORN, VAIL & CO. 741, 743, 745 Market St, NEW WESTERN HOTEL. KEARNY AND WASHINGTON STS.—RE- . modeled and renovated, K;:N:Gi guuhg c& uropean plan. Roo: o 1088 per weol, 58 (0 $30 per month; Treo baihe: and cold water every room; fire grates in every room; elevator runs all night