The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, July 26, 1895, Page 1

- A 2041 0. " vVoLU {E LXXVIIL_NO. 56. SAN FRANCISCO, FRIDAY MORNING, JULY 26, 1895. PRICE FIVE CENT ALL PASSES GUARDED, Indians Have Settlers| Penned In Up North. BRAVES BOLDLY GATHER. Troops Are Now Being Rushed to the Rescue of Threat- ened Families. BALLARD'S BAND TAKE A HAND. Utes From Utah and Colorado Are Also Golng to Join the Unruly Bannocks. ELLO, Inago, July 25.—The news rs more warlike and message received. rmation that is reliable is to the effect that within twenty-four hours hi Indians from the west have e Union Pacific Railroad in the of Market Lake, en route for cksons Hole. The Lemhi reservation i the morth rn border of Idaho, st where the forty-fifth meridian, which is ne of Wyoming, crosses the The Lemhis are a mix- hoshone and Banpock Indians. news has also just been re- m the village of Market Lake ation with Jacksons Hole is now entirely shut off. The latest mes- rs sent out have returned and s: the mountain vpasses are heavily oy the Indians, who will allow no o enter. n in Northwestern Wyo- re the Indians are on the war- as not improved to-day. In fact, vices that have reached this of a directly opposite na- ant-General Tetzler of Wyo- was at Market Lake to-day, expecting to hear that a con- ad occurred between the settlers and the Indians in the Jackson Hole Valley. Two of his messengers, dispatched to that district several days ago, have not yet re- turn altho overdue, and grave fears are now entertained that they were am- bushed by the Indians. From the other direction the news is of an equally dis- ting nature. police who have returned from 1t River Valley, where the big trad- ow has been in progress fora hat the band of Bannock In- z tiin leadership of Jim Ballard has started north toward the seat of tronble. If these Indians reach the belli- gerents in the Fall River Valley before the troops get there, and they undoubtedly will, the result may be disastrous. Bal- lard’s band is composed of the worst ele- ment of the Bannocks, a tribe m a general way bad enough and as a rule y, shiftless, fighting Indians. This par- r lot, however, are the restless spirits he tribe, always ready for a quarrel even in times of peace, and in the present excitement it would require much less leaven than these fifty turbulent braves to 400 I crossed t vicinity pat all the a resery In the ¢ ing pow a stir to an intense pitch the already excited gathering on Fall River. The authorities at the Bannock agency have all along been congratulating them- selves that Ballard and his gang would not } be at the seat of trouble. From Division perintendent Vanhousen the schedule 2 ured of the special trains that are bringing the Ninth Cavalry (colored) from Fort Robinson, Nebr. The two trains, one for the men and the other for the horses, will comprise 2 total of forty-six cars. There are 383 cavalrymen coming. The train that is scheduled to leave Cheyenne, Wyo., at 10 o’clock to-night will arrive at Green River at 11 o'clock Friday morning, at Pocatello at 9 o’clock in the evening and Market Lake by midnight. Here the troops will leave the railroad and go across the country to Jacksons Hole. From Market Lake to Marysvale, the south end of Jacksons Hole, by the short- est and best route, via Rexburg, it is 120 miles. The cavalry will not be able to make more than sixty miles a day at best, so that if conditions are most favorable it will be at least Sunday night or Monday morning before the troops will be in a po- sition to render the besieged settlers any assistance, and during the three days in- tervening there is time for serious trouble to occur. Additional advices of the thorough man= ner in which both the settlers and the In- dians in the Jackson Hole Valley are pre- paring for battle continues to arrive. Ike Hill, the well-known traveling man for the Symms Grocery Company of Salt Lake, arrived in Pocatello to-night, hav- ing come directly here from a trip through the very portion of the country south of the Yellowstone National Park, in which the bushwhacking campaign is being car- ried on between barricaded settlers and the ambushed Indians. Mr. Hill, after care- ful inquiry, learned that there are seventy- | five heads of families in the Jackson Hole Valley. For two weeks they have, with rare foresight, been preparing for the con- dition that now exists. In order to fore- stall the Indians, messengers were sent to buy up all the ammunition that could be obtained in that section of the country, and so well have they succeeded in laying in a good stock before the passes were watched by the red men that they have on hand about 100 rifles, and every settler is equlpped with 1000 rounds of ammuni- tion. The reason that there has not been a more determined retaliatioh before this on the part of the Indians is because they cannot prepare for war so quick. In the first place they are from 150 to 200 miles from home and cannot so easily secure the necessary supply of ammaunition; first, because it will not be sold to them in large quantities just now, and again because at this season of the year, after the money for their last year’s hay and skins has been used up, they are poorer than at any other ‘\ time. The Indians have, however, the best of“ rifles furnished by the Government, and it has always been the case in an Indian up- rising that they manage to ‘‘dig up” money somewhere and get ammunition. the besieged country, it was proved here yesterday. There was a big circus in town that had been advertised for month. The Indians are passionately fond of such a show, and it is well known that they would miss a week’s ration or fifty miles to see the performance, and althcugh it is seldom that a circus here is not attended by at least 500 Indians, not twenty-five bucks could have been counted in town yesterday. The Indians get no sympathy here in the present trouble unless it be from those who are connected with the Indian agency in some way. The universal comment is, “I hope the blanked Indians will be wiped off the earth.” And it is equally the gen- eral impression that the settlers of the Jackson Hole country are just the people to undertake the job and do it up right if they once get started. The fear is now expressed that when the Indians learn that the troops are surely coming they may endeavor to make a sud- den strike and then make all haste for their reservations, so that by the time the regulars get here they will be peaceably lounging in their accustomed baunts. ® TO JOIN THE BANNOCKS. The Utes of Utah and Colorado Moving n That Direction. CHEYENNE, Wro., July 25.—General Stitzer wired Governor Richards to-day from Market Lake; ‘‘Operator at Beaver Canyon wires here that about 200 Lemhi bucks passed that place to-day headed to- ward Yellowstone Park.” Frank M. Foote of the Btate militia sta- tioned at Evanston sent the following mes- sage: “A. A. Steed, a sheep-owner of Labarge, now on Hams Fork with his sheep, re- ports a bunch of Bannocks camped on the east slope of the divide, between Hams Fork and Cokeville, about twelve miles from Cokeville, and between twenty-five and thirty miles from Hams Fork station, the same of which mention was madein a former message. He counted thirty-six tepees and estimates the number at over 100. He thinks that there is another lot a few miles further up the stream, and says they have not less than 800 horses and thinks they may have double that number. They have no squaws or papooses with them. It is reported that a bunch of Utes crossed the railroad near Leroy station four or five days ago, headed to the north, estimated from fifty to seventy. It isalso reported that another bunch are in camp on Smiths Fork, about ten miles from Fort Bridger. Have no information as to num- ber. They are killing deer. Sheriff Ward left for Smiths Fork last night, and Deputy Calverdi left this morning to either join him or take the trail of the lot that passed Leroy.” This indicates that the Utes from Utah and Colorado are moving to join the Ban- nocks. An Alarming Report That Cammot Be Congirmed. POCATELLO, Ipamo, July 25.—Reports from Market Lake say the Rexburg paper to-day reports that fifty-nine white people were killed by the Bannocks near Jack- son’s Hole. There is no way to confirm the report, and it is not given much credence. A band of 400 Lemhi Indians are reported to have joined the Bannocks on Fall River and to be preparing to make an onslaught upon the whites. FOR ABSOLUTE DIORCE, Mrs. Starr Colgate Has Begun Suit Against Her Hus- band. The Millionaire Banker Recently Left a Note Saying He Would Never Return. NEW YORK, N. Y., July 25.—After patiently enduring neglect and practical abandonment for two years, as she alleges, Mrs. M. Starr Colgate has begun an action for an absolute divorce from her husband, the Wall-street financier. In her com- plaint Mrs. Colgate names Mrs. Bassett of 9 Christopher street, this city, as co- respondent. Mr. Colgate is a member of the banking- house of Nesslange, Colgate & Co., 20 Wall street, which is known in all the financial centers of the world. It was founded many years ago by James B. Colgate, the millionaire philanthropist, and upon his retirement the present firm was organized. It handlé§ bullion, shipping coins and bars to many countries. Only yesterday the firm shipped $100,000 in gold to London. Starr Colgate, as second member of the firm, has always been considered a finan- cier of ability. Before her marriage Mrs. Colgate was Adelaide Pheebe Angevaine, the daughter of a wealthy French family in East Orange. She was and is still a beautiful and charm- ing woman, and her home at 237 Washing- ton avenue, Bloomfield, has been the scene of much social enjoyment. She was mar- ried in 1877, and is not 38 years old. Her eldest child, a daughter not yet 17 years old, was married recently, and the wed- ding caused considerable comment on ac- count of the youth of both parties. The other child is a boy of 5. In her complaint, which is on file in the Court of Chancery in Trenton, N. J., Mrs. Colgate alleges that she first learned of her husband’s faithlessness two years ago and confronted him with the fact. He denied it at first, but finally admitted the truth. Not thinking that his infatuation for Mrs. Bassett had completely overpow- ered him the wife kept her seeret from the world and it was not suspected among their friends in this city and Bloomfield. The open rupture between Mr. Colgate and his wife, it is said, occurred on Friday last, when the financier went to his home and found his wife and children on the porch, barely noticing her. He played for a few minutes with his little son; then he entered the house, packed a number of his belongings and went away, leaving a note saying he would never return. The action for divorce was then instituted. ——- Went Aground in the Ray. TOLEDO, Osro, July 25.—The passenger steamer Dove went aground in the bay last night with 600 Odd Fellows on board. The failure of the vessel to return caused much excitement in the city until the true con- dition became known. This morning the steamer Metropolis brought in the passen- gers, and tugs were sent to release the steamer. The smoke from Michigan forest If any ;ul‘LDEl'éll‘ODf was needed that the Bannocks and Shoshones of this reserva- tion are not on the reservation, but up in fires makes navigation very difficult ana dangerous. i LAUGENOUR - MISSING. No Trace of the Wood- land Assemblyman Since Tuesday. ANXIETY OF HIS FAMILY. He Left His Home With a Note for Ten Thousand Dollars. CAME TO SAN FRANCISCO. Last Seen at the Bay District Track. Disappeared When His Colt Lost. WOODLAND, Cawv., July 25. — The uns explained absence of Henry W. Laugenour, In consequence of his strange conduct, his landlord shut the door of the 'hotel to the public and humiliated Mrs. Laugenour by denying her permission to enter the hotel. Last Monday she recéived a telegram from her son saying he would reach the Springs Monday night. - This is the last word any of his family have received from him. Sam King came up from San Francisco Wednesday morning and reported that Laugenour was seen at the Bay District racetrack Tuesday afternoon. Immedi- ately after the first race, in which Red Idle, one of his colts, ran, and in which she was badly beaten, he left the track. It is supposed he bet with considerable con- fidence on the mare and was disappointed at the poor showing she made. As far as can be fearned there is no trace of his movements after that Tuesday afternoon. It is learned that Saturday afternoon he leit the California Hotel, in San Fran- cisco, where he had registered. He took with him his baggage, consisting of his well-filled trunks and a bicycle trunk. This leads some of his family to believe that he has bought himself a wheel'and is off on a little jaunt for the sake of being alone. He is a young man of great pride, and it is hinted that he would mnot try to live if he went broke. He was very much devoted to his wife and children. The note for $10,000 which he took to the City was the ASSEMBLYMAN LAUGENOUR AT FEIS DESK IN THN STATE OCAP- ITOL DURING THE LAST S:SSION OF THE LEGISLATURE. [From a sket¢h made at the time by @ “Call” artist.] Assemblyman from this district, occasions his family and friends unconcealed anxiety. He lett Woodland last Friday, the 19th inst., for 8an Francisco, with a note for $10,000, signed by his mother, Mrs. Emma Laugenour. His mission ostensibly was to get money from the Bank of California at the lower rate of interest prevailing in San Francisco, for the meeting of certain urgent obligations. For this purpose he had assigned to his mother certain realties and securities, and the note for $10,000 from her was part of the consideration to him for such transfers to her. Mr. Laugenour was in the midst of his arrangements to open Allen Springs, of which be is the proprietor, and his absence from the Springs the past week, when he knew his presence there was all-important and contrary to the appointments he had made, is hard to explain. remnant of his fortune and this money was to be applied to his debts, which would leave him financially broken. There are two theories applied to the case. Either he has met with foul play or else he has determined notto go broke. He was the proprietor of the Woodland ‘Woolen Mills and lost heavily on the in- vestment. He lost his money through le- gitimate business schemes which did not pan out. Drowned While Boating. BURLINGTON, Iowa, July 25.—Miss Tillie Heim, in attempting to change her seat in a pleasure boatin midstream at Otter Dam, north of Burlington, over- turned the boat, ana with Joseph Nolte and Arthur Walters was drowned. Nolte was a married man. His body and thatof Walters was recovered. MADE CLOUDS WEEP Nezuma, the Medicine - Man, Played in Luck. CAUSED LOTS OF RAIN. Weird, Mystic Rites Among the Redskins in Okla~ homa. ALL INDIANS PAID TRIBUTE. Manifestations That Caused Storms to Break and the Molisture to Fall. WICHITA, Kaxss., July 25.—The past three days have witnessed at Red Rock, Oklahoma, a series of the most remarkable exhibitions of savage civilities between distinctive Indian tribes that have ever been known in the border history. For several weeks past Nezuma, an Otoe medi- cine mafi, revered by his tribe bécause of his divinations, interpretations of dreams and other magical performances, has es- sayed to bring water from the clouds, and he has played in wonderful luck. Previous to the beginning of his mystic rites the Oklahoma country had but little rain, and & crop failure seemed inevitable, pasturage dried up and young wheat died. No sooner had Nezuma called the people together and begun his strange chant to the great spirit than the storm clouds gathered and Oklahoma enjoyed & phe- nomenal rain. At every subsequent repetition of the magician’s word, copious and continu- ous rains have fallen, until the fame of the lucky medicine man has spread far beyond the limits of his tribe. He is the idol of the Otoes, receiving every favor at their hands, while Indians from other tribes have made pilgrimages to his lodge with gifts and tokens. Three days ago over 100 Iowa Indians reached the Red Rock reservation. Braves and squaws and bundles of papooses went there to establish friendly relations with the Otoe tribe and lay tribute at the feet of the ‘“man who makes the clouds weep.”” There has been continued revelry i the Otoe camps since their arrival, feasts, dances, games and religious rites being indulged in. both day and night, The performance of the dances was at- tended with many curious’ maneuvers. The Indians were all decked out in the gayest manner. E would nold in his hand the skin of some animal, and in twos and threes would run up and point their skins and give a puff with their breath, and the persons blown at would fall to the ground feigning great agony or ‘appear to be almost lifeless. Afterward they would recover slowly, and upon rising with ap- parent difficulty again join the frantic dance. The Indians profess to believe that they really puffed something into each other’s bodies which overpowered them. Yester- day the two tribes united in playing la- crosse, a great game somewhat resembling the English game of golf, on the prairies. The Iowa braves were arrayed on one side and the Otoe braves on the other, and both sides exhibited remarkable skill. The Otoes were the swiftest runners and won the game, Other games were played by the old men, women and children, who performed queer antics in imitation of grasshoppers. After being feted and feasted the final triumph of the visitors PATCHING THE DEMOCRATIC ‘“DEFENDER” - THEY HOPE TO GET 1T READY IN TIME TO RUN A FOURTH TIME AND, WIN THE “THIRD TERM” OUP, [Revroduced from o cartoon in Judae came to-day, when Nezuma, in the pres- ence of several hundred savages, gave another test of his rain-making powers in their honor. His last feat has made him almost & god in the eyes of the credulous Indians, for it rained hard soon after his rain song had ceased. To-day the visitors received the customary presents of ponies, smoked the calumet and departed. BECK INSULTED CONGRESSMEN. The Indian Agent at Pender Will There- fore Be Removed. PENDER, NEsg., July 25.—Captain Wil- liam H. Beck, Tenth United States Cav- alry, acting Indian agent in charge of the Omaha and Winnebago reservations, may be removed in the near future. He in- sulted the entire Nebraska Congressional delegation in his office at the Winnebago agency last night and would have ordered the Senators and Congressmen from the room had it not been for Senator Allen. Mrs. Beck, the captain’s wife, also took a hand and vented her intense feeling upon Senator Thurston, whom she called an in- solent man and insulting meddler. She designated the Congressmen as “cheap politicians claiming to represent Con- gress,” and advised the captain to order them from his office. The attitude of the captain was bold, insolent and hotheaded, and for a few moments last night matters at the agency were decidedly lively. He declined to welcome the Congressional delegation, did not invite them to dine and let them ride all night to Pender. They are yery indignant and will recom- mend his removal. The following telegram was sent to-night to the Secretary of the Interior, signed by the whole Congressional delegation present at the recent investigation of the Indian troubles. A letter of 1000 words was also sent: To Hon. Hoke Smith, Secretary of the Inte- rior, Washington, D. C.: Investigation now in progress leads us to urge you to suspend ap- roval of leases of Winnebago lands made by aptain Beck and to promptly suspend further evictions until we can communicate with you further. Evictions will result in tremendous loss of crops to innocent settlers. -William V. Allen, John M. Thurston, George D. Meikel- john, W. E. Andrews, Jesse B. Strode of the ebraska Congressional delegation. THEY RACED WITH A MOB. Indianapolis Officers Had a Hard Time to Save a Prisoner. One Man Threw a Rope, but It Was Warded Off by a Justice. INDIANAPOLIS, Inp., July 25.—Charles Davidson, an insurance agent of this city, would have been lynched to-night in the suburbs of West Indianapolis but for the pompt intervention of the police. The jail walls are now between him and an ex- cited and angry community. He is ac- cused of having criminally assaulted Ida Hutchinson, a seven-year-old child, who was found unconscious at noon to-day in her father’s stable in the suburb, She said her assailant had been to her father's house before, and she gave such a good description of him that suspicion at once fell upon Davidson, who was em- ployed by the Metropolitan Insurance Company to make weekly collections. Men started out at once to find Davidson and he was soon caught. The news of his arrest was telephoned in advance of his arrival in the suburbs, and the murder of the Gebhardt child added to the excite- ment of the employes in the large manu- facturing establishments in the neighbor- hood. The people concluded that Davidson was ‘also guilty of the Gebhardt murder. A crowd bent on dealing summarily with the prisoner met him and his captors at the station-house door. After 8 o'clock 100 workmen came to the scene, and cries of “Hang him!” filled the air. Fifty men stood Justice Hefig at bay when he tried to get the prisoner inside the station. One man rushed forward with a rope, which he tried to throw over Davidson’s head, but the Justice warded it off with his hand. Then Officer Parry arrived and with a revolver in each hand placed himself be- tween the prisoner and the mob. The prisoner was pushed through the building to the rear and taken in a buggy to the city in a gallop. A wild race to the river then began, the mob on foot trying to reach the river bridge first by cutting across the commons, but the buggy was a few steps ahead and Davidson was landed safely. He denied the crime, but several people say he was at the house to-day to make collection on a policy. DESERTION THE CHARCE, Louis Gaston Gottschalk Sues His Wife for a Divorce. Both Partles Noted In the Muslcal World, and the Case Is a Sensatlon. CHICAGO, IrL., July 25.—Louis Gaston Gottschalk, one of the best known musical directors in the West, has applied for a legal separation from his wife, Louise Gottschalk. The bill alleges desertion. Gottschalk is at the head of a musical coliege. The defendant is better known to the theatrical world as Louise Boucher, the singer. Years ago she was associated in the same organization of operatic talent as Jessie Bartlett Davis. The company was organized by Will J. Dayis, and sang “Pinafore’’ and kindred light operas. Miss Boucher was married to Gottschalk, who is a brother of the celebrated com- poser of that name, who married a sister of Patti on April 24, 1371, According to the bill she deserted her hushand in 1891 and has since refused to live with him. The couple have two chil- dren, Alfred Louise Moreau Gottschalk and Clara Marie Aimee Gottschalk, a charming maiden of 13. T SUICIDE OF A SURGEON. Dr. Mackie of the Navy Kills Himself With a Gun. PHILADELPHIA, Pa., July 25—Dr. Benjamin Mackie, aged 50 years, a surgeon in the United States navy with the active rank of lieutenant-commander, was found dead to-night in the library at his resi- dence with a bullet-nole through his head. The death is one of suicide. There is no known reason for Dr. Mackie's suicide, although hard drinking, it is said, may have been the cause. FOR THE CONVENTION, An Early Meeting of the Republican National Committee. MANLEY FOR THIS CITY. It Is Also Said That He Favors Tom Reed for the Pres- idency. THERE IS A LARGE DEFICIT. And the Committee May Favor the Place That Acts Most Liberally. WASHINGTON, D. C., Jaly 25.—The Post is authority for the statement thas the Republican National Committee is $75,000 in debt and that the city capturing the convention will be expected to raise funds to meet this deficit. It is true that the National Committee is in debt, but the statement that the city entertaining the convention will be expected to pay the debt is erroneous. The Post infers that the bidders for the convention will be few, as not many cities will be willing to assume “this liability. There has been no statement emanating from any member of the National Com- mittee to the effect that the city getting the convention must pay this debt, but at the same time it might be a consideration which would influence the committee. It was suggested by a prominent Republi« can to-day that it might be worth while for Pacific Coast people to liguidate this debt in furtherance of San Francisco’s am- bition. The talk of an early meeting of the Republican National Committee here in Washington is caused 'by a new rule which was adopted at the last National Republican convention that the call for a convention shall be issued six months be- fore the convention shall assemble. This rule was adopted to prevent snap judg- ment from being taken by the National Committee, which might be controlled in the interest of any particular candidate. It is a fact that there is an element in the National Repubiican Committee which favors an early May convention. In order to have a May convention it will be neces- sary for the Republican National Commit- tee to meet in October or November to comply with this new rule. While the Republican committee does not seem to have been canvassed in the interest of any candidate as regards an early convention/ it appears to be a fact that those members of the committee who are known to be supporters of Reed favor an early date. This is notably true of Mr. Manley, who notonly favors a convention in May, if current reports are true, butisalso dis- posed to have the convention go to the Pacific Coast. But the report that thc committee has decided to meet in Washington in Septem- ber to decide upon a place for holding the convention is erroneous. The under- standing now is that the National Com« mittee will meet here in November, not in September. This is one month earlier than usual. The committee has generally assembled in Washington in September during the early part of the session of Congress. It has been deemed of benefit to have consultations with Republican leaders in Congress. Why the committee should determine now to meet in Novem- ber is not clear, except that it is under- stood that there is a very determined in- fluence in the Republican National Com- mittee in favor of an early convention. It is not known, however, that this desire for an early convention is in favor of any par- ticular candidate. JOE BLACKBURN'S FIGHT. Dislike of the Kentuckian for Cleveland and Carliste. NEW YORK, N. Y., July 25.—A special to the Press from Frankfort, Ky., says: Senator Blackburn has not returned from ‘Washington, but word was received from him to-day that indicates that he is pretty hot at Cleveland and Carlisle. The Demo- cratic State Committee succeeded in in- ducing the free silverites, especially Black- burn, to keep off the stump for at least a while, until the silver element in the party quieted down. To-day Blackburn wired his Frankfort managers that he would make four speeches at the capital next week. This indicates that he will again begin the free-silver war, bounty money or no money at all. He will fight the two C’s. The action of Cleveland in the bounty case has intensified the support of Black- burn’s friends. Many, however, say Blackburn is now reaping the fruits of his action in the Breckinridge campaign. In the campaign he laughed at Breckine ridge, denouncing “outside interference,” and now he is getting a dose of the same medicine. John W.Mackay visited Black- burn some time ago, as did Senator Stew- art of Nevada, and it is believed here that both of these free silverites will put up for “Joe” when they hear of the second blow Cleveland has dealt him. Cleveland and Carlisle regard the Kentucky money fight as one of the greatest importauce and are constantly wiring to Kentucky for the latest deyelopments. OFF WITH A MONEY SATCHEL. Big Haul Made by a Sneak Thief at a Racetrack. KANSAS CITY, Mo., July 25.—At 1:30 o'clock this afternoon a sneak thief walked into the inner office of Secretary Cunning- ham, at the Exposition racetrack, and took from the safe a hand satchel containing about $2000. The secretary’s office is in a small frame building near the horse sheds. Mr. Cunningham went over to the track shortly after 1 o’clock. He returned in about fifteen minutes and discovered. that the safe had been robbed while he was ab- sent. The satchel is small and easily con- cealed under a man’s coat. Horsemen, jockeys and track attendants are con- stantly about the office, but none of them noticed the thief. Mr. Cunningham was unable to state the exact nmoung of money taken, but said it was about $2000. i L sy ZTwo Men Badly Burned. SALEM, Mass., July 25.—Two Frenche Canadians, names unknown, were badly burned in a fire at the Warren House early this morning,