Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, May 1, 1910, Page 22

THE CouNTESS or MINTO I8 A VERY BEAUTFUL WOMAN (Copyrightt, 1910, by Frank G. Carpenter.) ALCUTTA, 1910.—(Special epondence of the Bee)—During my stay here I have had an audience with his excellency, the viceroy of India, at the gov- ernment house. The meeting ‘was. arranged through the aid-de-camp in Corre- | waiting, In response to my call at the gov- ¢ srnment mansion, ! i where 1 presented tetters of introduction and wrote my na in the visitors' book The social machinery of the vice-regal oourt of India is more comnpiicated than that of the White House. The vicero comparatively speaking, is a groater man then our president. He h: more power than King Edward VII, by whom he is appointed, and the peoples he rules are es many In number as the population of Ewrope, and of as varied nationalities. He lives in as much state as any European monarch, maintaining a large establish- ment, and going about in pomp. When he vides out it Is in a magnificent landav, with gorgeous coachman and footmen in front and behind, and with gigantic native soldlers as outriders and guards. The @oldlers have magnificent horses and they carry long spears which flash like silver my ne } in the tropieal sun. | may call at the offices and to the White House he nd in his card and possibly see the president within & few moments. All who wish to pay their respeots to the viceroy of India must fir announce themselves writing thelr names In the visitors' book. This is much ke a hotel register. It has places for name, your profession and the date of vour arrival and time of leaving Caleutta. Tt is kept in & booth near one of the gates of the executtve mansion and is accessible to all ‘The llst of names so subscribed is taken up to his excellency from day to day, and, at his direction, the aid-de-camp out notes of appointment to such persons as the viceroy is willing to see. From the list is also made up the Invitations for the dinners, balls, receptions and other events given by the court. There s no soolety anywhers more splendid than that of Calcutta during the season, and the government house 1s allve with festivities from one end of the winter to the other. s How the Viceroy Live The viceregal mansion ls magnificent, It looks not unlike the White House, save that it is more beautiful and of twice the size. It stands like the White House at the end of a great park, with government bulldings at the side and back. Below our White House flows the Potomac, and the White Lot and Washington monument grounds are the beginning of & park which extends right through the city to the capl- tol, & distance of more than a mile. The government house at Calcutta has grounds at the end of the Maldan, a park & mile whe and two miles in length, which runs along the Hooghly. The two executive mansions are just about the same disiance from their respective rivers and each Is surrounded by acres of beautiful gardens. The entrances to the home of the vice- roy are more imposing than those of our president’s home. You pass through gates upheld by massive plllars connected by arches upon which hugh .white lions are crouching. Below, on each side the gates are dark-bearded Fast Indian soldlers in uniforms of bright red, with blue turbans as big as half bushel baskets. They. carry muskets and swords and present arms as you ride through. At the end of the drive are more dusky Sikhs in red, and at the house entrance you are met by the serv- ants of the viceroy, clad in the brightest of red, with blue turbans. They wear tvory-handled dirks in the belts and look stately and fierce. On each side the front door are more soldiers, with flags in thelr hands. Like those at the gates, they are glants, each aix and a half feet in height, and their turbans make them seem taller. They stand like statues and look neither to the right nor left. ‘When one goes by your sends Enterlig the front door, which opens out on & wide portico upheld by Greek columns, 1 came into the audience or throne room. This is an tmmense hall running along the front of the bullding, with another great room extending out from it at the center. The cellings of both are, 1 judge, 100 feet high and are supported by columns of arble with capitals of gold. They are frescoed by artists. The floor shines like & mirror, It is of dark marble In the throne room and of white marble, veined, in the dining room adjolning. The throme room is as imposing as the East room at the White House, and it \mpresses me more than any 1 have seen in the palaces of Europe. At side of it 1s a raised dais upon which the Earl and Countess of Minto stand at the time of thelr receptions, and where the vice- roy receives the rajahs of the great native This dais is covered with a cloth of gold and the viceroy’s throne is gorgeously finished in tanding upon it was that I met his one tates a chair silver and gold in this room and together walked through the great hall to the dining at the opposite end of the building, where we had luncheon Later in the day, in company with one of the viceroy' staff, 1 took a look at other parts of the palace. The building was erected just after the White House was finished, at & cost of $760,000. It was copled after Kedlestone hall in Derbyshire, and it is impressive in contrast with the gingerbread work of our modern archi- tecture. Above the throne hall is a ball room with walls of brocade and tapestry, and floors of teak wood so brightly pol- ished you can yourself in them. The whole building is magnificently nished. It is managed by an offici 1t excellency, we room fur- I who > Q - 10\ Txe VicEROY'S has 10 servants stables of fifty state of various kinds. Everything is done make the admiration as impressive as possible to the natives, who judge all things by show. Indeed, I doubt whether anywhere in the civilized world more for- mal receptions than those of the viceroy of Indis. The native costumes are of the most gorgeous description, the English of- ficialg appear in their uniforms and the soldiers in full dress. There are rajahs, native princes and officers of the diplo- matic corps in court dress and also the European ladies of the court in fashionable gowns. It is the same at Simla, in the Himalaya mountains, where his excellency holds his court in the summer. Of all the pompous assemblage him the viceroy himself is the to help 1 There horses m are and carrlages of to as there s about is least os- OMAHA NDAY BEl §UM'NIE.R Pan tentatious. He practical business man, and, dressed fo part, he might-be taken for a fessor, a Wall et broker club man. He is fine culture Impresses one as a plain the be college pro ste or a quiet looking and He is free at his case He is about five feet eight Inches in height, and not weight over 130 pounds. Al- though 61 years of age, he looks to be about 50, and is now at the top of his prime. He is a great worker and thrives this cli- mate of India. Barl Minto has had a long public reer. He took part in the Afghan cam- paign out here as a young lieutenant, now aver thirty years ago., He was in the Egyptian war, which arose out of Arabi Pasha's rebellion, and was attached to the Turkish army in -the Russo-Turkish everyday his face shows from airs and high puts every one does in ca- was Rie of He aided in suppressing Louis % Canadian rebellion in 1885, and twenty years after that he came buck tg Canada to be Its governor general. He served six years (here, and then was made the “king's greatest subject,” the viceroy of Indid. His excel ency d in 1882, to Mary, the daughter of General Charles Gray of the British army. The countess of Minto is 8 beautiful woman. She Is highly accom- plished and is popular throughout India. PRI Talk with the Viceroy. During my conversation with the viceroy I spoke of the difference in the governor generalship of Canada and the vice royalty of India, and asked him how he liked his present job. He replied that what the gov- ernor general of Canada accomplished had to be done almost altogether through in- was marri ATIONAL conserva grossing at p fon 1s en- sent a large National Forestry Service in California amount of following account rest service in E. Olmstead, in the state, interest. Mr national forests California, as as elsewhere. and the work of the federal forest service is designed first of all to benefit the agricultural interests and as fruit-growing In California of course, the dominant agricultural Interest the work of the forest service should benefit that interest above all others. “The history of all mountain regions the world over shows that the resources of the high ranges have always been neglected until they have been taken care of through necessity. Settlement, of course, in the first place has always been in the valleys when the country is opened and in many cases timber and the various re- sources of the high ranges have been im- pediments rather than anything else. “California in a way is unique, because a great deal of the first settlements were made in the foot hills and mountains. But that was merely a scratch and the real set- tlement came afterwards through the build- ing up of agricultural Interests In the great valleys. In this state, as well as in most parts of the states of the west, the need for some kind of systematic care of gov- ernment forests was first felt about 1890, public attention, of th the federal California b who he charge of that than casual “The well servic will be of more Olmstead says in is, up, —_—— orest Remerves Cremted. that reserves “From on what were then called forest were created in California. They now practically Include all the great mountain ranges of the state. They begin at the Oregon line and run south along the entire crest of the Sierras and on the other side along the entire crest of the Coast Range, with some few exceptions, the agricultural lands in the Sacramento and San Joaquin valleys are wholly rounded by forest reserves almost without a break the first place the forest, reserves created and nothing was for their administration and use, and that naturaily brought out opposition and a good s0 that sur- “In were else done A BOUTHERN CALIFORNIA VINEYARD. sdeal of it. It was llke taking sources and locking them up absolutely. That opposition brought about a very good thing which law providing for of all of the serves, and a short ti was changed to of reserve. . “They are the re- was a the use the resources torest ago the very from that re- name get away idea are not national reserves any longer; they forests, the timber, the range and the water, and everything in the way of resources iy for use and Is used First is the timber. There about a hundred billion feet of merchantable tim: ber in the national forests of California Most of it is In the northern part of state, of it in It these timber lands had the domain and had thrown national fores pened? are tho some the south. remained in not what public been into would have hap- They would from gove tendency private 10ldings eady have passed very ownership, and still quickly and the woulid be for form large That al happered in some parts of the state rds, 1 the peo as would nment has been owners and to gradually monopolies. has n ple, 2o far other w interests of timber resources go, being properly ve in dunger of not guarded Secretary Ua “AS At only w small able timber in Califurnla enough at the same time strong influence on mark example, there Is question but what it could control I conditions in the great valleys of Bacra- mento and Ban Joaquin, because the sec- retary of agriculture is empowered to sell timber at whatever price he thinks best und whenever he thinks best, If it Is found that through monopoly of any kind the price of timber in any particular region Combat Monopely. government o of 18 now, the proportion the merchant but it owns have a very For o conditions no whatever al market 1s being that monopoly very much selling its own held at an exorbitant be broken, modified by the g timber if any arise up can price; or at least ernment “The first thing to do, of course, is to protect the timber we have, and keep out fire. 1t i bette the main pretty and matter ed and traveling the moun- and jumping 15 hard, but ter all the of keeping keeping tains fire at thing to we doing 1 1t is are bet time sin a those in fire season its start ‘As soon 8s & start it st before mamn the men every forest fire ,‘ hopeles good control It jmmense damage is done. The thing is to stop the little fires at start. A great part of the work had to good public sentiment question, and that has California in that of the rest of the much more care other part of the is al to been to create a in re to the fire already been done, and is away ahead they are han respect country; ful here west orestry treat it of agriculture and would agricultural make that land is most valuable best support and growing continuously are selling timber trecs are cut & way that instead of lands ing burning up and becoming waste, a proportion of the stand left all ages, and fires kept that trees left set up the land again, and you have new trees com- g all the time and thus you are always assured & continuous supply of timber. That is the object of the timber business. “Not omly do we went keep timber growing on the land, but we want to im- is a sort as objeet crop that land t timber we we you an The that ieh is to which can all tme, but the In h the becom barren certain is trees of out, so those to (Continued on Page Four) VA aoogano HIS LATEST PHOTOGRAFE fluencing others, the governor eral having little actual power administration of affairs. In Ind the viceroy and his council are almost supreme, and they have a world under their control. Sald Earl Minto “But few people appreciate the extent of our Indian empire. We have here a conti nent rather than a country. There are 300,- 000,000 people subject to us, and they long to many nations. and tribes. They speak more languages than Kurope and the nations are as different as are those of the KEuropean countries, Hindustan has many religions, each with its own custom; it has a vast number of classes and castes, many of which do not harmonize at all with the others. It js a land of mighty problems and ‘of! some ‘almost insolvable.” —— How India Changen. “But it is also a land which is rapidly changing, 1s it not?” “Yes," replied his changing. The people are than they were five years ago, and the policles which the state has successtully used in the past are not adapted to the present. In that lies one of our great troubles. I mean the making our people at home understand that they have a India to administer. They are apt to think a policy should adopted of the Anglo-Indlans who left here twenty or thirty years it worked well his day, and ought well now. They appear think who served India ten years ago should able to suggest and advise as to today This s not so. We have here a new India and a new people. The conditions are en- tirely different and they grow and more so every year. Many of the changes have come about through the policies which we ourselves inaugurated. We hay created an educated class, and this made up of natives who thinking themselves and who bel that they should have a greater share In the gov- ernment. In the administration was practically autocratic. We must the country today, but we shall adopt conciliatory methods gen in the be “India is different excellency, now new be because one ago said that it that a to man be mo! have s are for past our rule nave We shall have give the natives share In the administration change is the natural growtn of movements which have started, and [ think It 1s a change for the better.’ Awnkening of “Does this change exist mon people, and does it India? The awakening of by that name, JIng on part of the peninsula, Benga, eral movement to to use more diplomacy and a greater This we ourselve Indin among the com cover all parts of India, it you call it is in nearly every although it than oth sections of the is more rwheres. country active. Japan- sinc then over a to inquive that Jupanese why tble for them. They tellows why India should the rule of the British and dis- cussed that question here and ther the country. I think that war was, considerable extent, the cause of th of vronounced Thero are which unrest in The Russia war then. The Asiastic nation They possible the began nd quite to the rapldly Aslatics previous has grown itives, who are saw an victorious bega for i European one. if this were should it their main under not be pos asked re ¢ all over to a great unrest today." If the British ft Indiat what would be should leave India? Sup- should be Bul the result if the away?" o I don't think there is or at least any probabilit rule being taken away bound o hold our of nationarduty to the world. celiency pose British rule taken any possibillty, of the ¥ Indla. We as a matter to ourselves, but East Indians and to the rest of the 1f we should leave chaos, some in to nl not oniy here the result would other power the be and rush would internecin the « have to that que war nae. wa ensue and stop ar ‘One cannot imagir wopld obtain cellency the conditions which upon our departure,” his ex continued. “There would be of religion, wars of custe and wars arisis out of long-time personal grievences. The Nepalese would rush down upen the Hen galese and massacre them; the Mohem- medans and Hindus would go for one an- others' throats, and the native rajahs of certain localities would wage war upon each other. The result would be anarchy, The majority of the better classes of India know this would be the case, and it is in their fear of such a situation that lies one of our elements of strength. They wars realize that the grounds of humanity if for nothing else, the great powers of the world would have to rush in to keep order and that this would result in India having change of masters, and also that the change might not be for the better. More Native Officials. “Does your excellency think that the new policy you have Instituted giving the natives & larger representation in the government, will be of permanent good?" “Most certainly The principle of selection which has been adopted for the new assemblies, both national and prov- incial, means tha® from now on we shall have about the best of the natives In the councils. The native representatives will be men of reputation and influence among their own pedple, and also of men whose property interests will make them naturally These men want peace and government, and they will be back- ward in advocating anything that would bring about a revolution. We have many Indians of ability. We have some who are conservative and many patriots who are anxious to do all they can for the perma- nent good of the country and people. I think they are growing better from year to year, and that in time they can be made to take & much larger part in public affairs than they do now. I believe In giv- them as much to do with the govern- ment .as is possible, consistent with the good of all the people. I believe that the natlves now appreciate that we are trying 10 do the best we can for them, and I con sequently for increase in the triendly spirit toward us and our rule. The number in the hands of the na tives increases from year to year, and al together very few British subjects are ployed by the government. All of the places held the natives, it ones which carry on ves. conservative, Bo0d ing look an of offices em- small by tairly and many importa good salaries.’ About th your ere is a larg Anarchists, excellency must number to drive “But that t ple who are ish. How about “Wo undoubtedly ganizations, but 1 out of them pressed the others. to such bodies. They societies and they may timg and then suddenly There has been extensive organization of this kind in Indla. It has its branches in France, Canada and, I think, in the United States. We have traced them to Parls, and to Vancouver and been active in in other parts iber the shoot- office can tell appreciate th the of out archists 2" have think and e peu bound Brit- the anarchistic or wiped sup tell are made up of secret have practically One can never we most as lie dormant for a spring into action, an had London, Scattle. They have throwing bombs here and of India, and you may reme Ing of Colonel Wyllie of the Indian in London. ¥rom such men no one when he s safe,” also Indin and the Tariff, The conversation here turned to the in- dustrial conditions of Hindustan and their future. The viceroy spoke in highest terms of the ability of his subjects, saying thht the labor was intelligent and quick to learn tha handling of machinery. He thought India would benefited by a protective tariff, and that if it could have the prop protection it might not only for the the far east, but His excellency movement, the “India the voe be soon be manufacturing markets of China and for the world referred to the watch cry of Indians,” Swadeshl which which ad not viceroy said Swadeshi ag tari(( boycott, a protection woul seemed 8 na demand. I asked whether a tariff Instituted. He r he thought Britain would not low it on of objectidn Birmingham, which Indian market tell that into use for and ates all made he was tation the boycotting of The the by nati surprised had not their wateh cry that labor that made th instead of protective the have ural him @ula pl be Great account and to the excellency the Manchester 50 largely His gradually ¢ Breat produced me mach is ming although the manufactures are hand labor, He says that the spinning Is number ” of have by an now weaving are stead At but t recently parts of the 18 doing what farming, and on the whole Indiz is advancing agriculturally mercially and industrially more than ever before. FRANK 0. At ily steel vears, been country it can to tea rowing in ana ron and re & question chnical establ The chools hed # many government rapldly NTER.