Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, June 22, 1902, Page 22

WAR AGAINST SUMMER PESTS Unole Bam to Institate a Oampaign s Oommon Enemy. PLANS OF THE BOARD OF STRATEGY Determination of the Agricultural Depart to Make the Coun- try & Howling W e Fly. er ness for The United Btates government is em- brotled in another war. This time it has opened hostilities on the common enemy of mankind, the fly, and one of the most im- portant branches of the national machinery, the Agricultural department, will devote itself to the exterminating the pestiferous | insects without regard to class or previous | condition. No quarter will be offered, | snd the campaign in Mindanao will be | & holiday excusion compared to the war on the fly. It will be remembered no doubt, that in recent years the Agricultural depart- ment has made a speclalty of studying the Alses distributed by Insects, the mos- quito being put under the ban some time ago. Summer tourists in Jersey allege that they are troubled fully as much as of yore, but the government experts ask only a little more time; they hope, event- ually to be able to reduce the inroads of the mosquito to sporadic outbursts. And the investigations have resulted in more good than a partial extermination of the insects. They have taught people some- thing about the various diseases trans- mitted by these minute pests, and have in- culcated the necessity of caution as a means of preventing the spread of yellow fever, malaria and similar diseases. Now, the dlvision of Entomology, which has had charge of all the campaigns against fnsect pests, will turn its attention to the files. Literature has been prepared and methods of extermination have been de- yised under the supervision of Dr. O. L. Howard, the chief of the division. Already ' thousands of pamphlets have been put into +the hands of health boai and farmers throughout the country. The necessity has 1been urged of having better sanitarium fn the rural districts. Chemistry has been in- voked, d a result of various experi- ments it is thought that the number of files will be rapidly and enormously les- sened during the present summer. The literature sent out by the govern- ment will give to the people some in- formation concerning files that hitherto has been in the possession of the scientist almost exclusively. It will dispel the illu- slon that the common housefly bites, but it will also call attention to the fact that ithis’ insect, the ‘“Musca Domestic is a dangerous creature, even if he cannot give human beings those tantalizing little nips ‘with which he has been credited. Dr. How- ard has the following to say about flles and the campaign he is preparing to wage: Flies and the Spreading of Disease. “So much is sald nowadays of the car- riage of a certain class of diseases by mos. quitos that the agency of files in the trans. mission of another class of diseases is apt to be overlooked. The malarial germ has| THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: SUNDAY, JUNE 22, | received a thorough investigation at the |bands of a speclal commission pf army | surgeons appointed for the purpose. It was shown that although excellent preventive | meaures had been recommended in the | circulars issued by the surgeon general |of the &rmy, these instructions were mot | carried out. Flies swarmed over the in- fected filth that accumulates around a | camp and then proceeded to the mess tents |and fed upon the food preparea for the soldiers. Thus, by the agency of files, it | was discovered and proved beyond a doubt disease ' germs were spread and carried to the food of the soldiers. “For some time past 1 have been carry- ing on an investigation for the purpose of ascertaining what flies breed in refuse of varlous sorts, and, conversely, just what files are found in dining rooms and kitch- ens where food is being prepared and | served. These investigations I have con- ducted with the greatest care and in dif- ferent parts of the country. In this way a large amount of material has been gath- ered. Briefly summarized we have found that the number of specles of insects which | breed In fiith containing germe is very | CoMMON HOVSE FLY (Musca domestica) DOES Nor BITE . in fact, than forty-four spe. cles of beetles and seventy-seven specles of flies Some of these are scarce and others are abundant, but all are more or less dangerous as carriers and transmitters of disease. “Now In the experiments carried on in order to ascertain exactly which ones of these are important in the disease-breed- Ing function more than 2,300 flies were caught in kitchens and dining rooms in dif- ferent parts of the country from Massa- chusetts to California and from New York to Louislana. It was proved that of the files breeding in fllth six species were found in houses in sufficlent numbers to render them dangerous. There are other danger- ous epecies which do not make thelr ren- dezvous In kitchens or dining rooms. “At the head of these eix varietles must stand the common house fly. This insect constituted more than 98 per cent of the whole number of flies captured in kitchens and dining rooms. While it was by no means one of the specles most commonly captured in garbage and other refuse it was shown conclusively that under certain con- ditions this insect may be a factor of the greatest im nce in the spread of in- testinal diseases. In the most cleanly and best cared for portions of a large city these conditions of course do not e: The ad- mirable water supply and sewerage systems in such localities obviate in a large meas- ure typhold transfer possibilities. Yet even In such places the danger may exi# when the vessels used in a sick room are not promptly nfected, and by reason of neighboring stables flies are especlally abundant. “But in army camps where filth 1s left exposed and in small towns and about farmers’ houses where sewerage facllitles are lacking the house fly {s a constant source of danger. Moreover, in the low quarters of a great city, where there Is lax sanitary 'supervision, in the open lots sur- rounded by an ignorant population, refuse is frequently deposited in the open, some- times in close proximity to kitchens, and thus may be a constant source of disease. The House Fiy Doesn’t Bite. “The musca domestica does not bite. On account of the structure of its mouth parts this is a physical impossibility. But it is none the leess dangerous for that reason. ‘While it does not inoculate the isndividual Wrnpow Fry (BrTEs) BREEDS IN DUST UNDER; CARPETS to pass through the body of certain mos-as the mosquito doe: quitoes before attaining its highest develop- ment or its full life history. Bo far as we know, as yet mosquitos are secondary elpments in the development of this di- sease germ. The malarial germ, for In- stance, is an animal organism. It belongs to_the group known as protozoa, and from analogy it is altogetber llkely that the as yet undiscovered germ of yellow fever will also prove to belong to the same class of parasitic organisms. The parasite, which causes Texas fever in cattle Is also analogous to the minute spore which causes malaria in human be. ings. It inhabits the blood just as does | the malarial parasite, and Is conveyed by the biting Insect. " “With disease caused by bacterlal or- ganisms, (which belong to the plant king- dom and not to the animal kingdom), a biting insect is not necessary for their Nransfer from the sick individual to the Wealthy ome In the majority of cases. Buch digeases are notably typhold fever, cholera | With these diseases, and especially the first two, the wnd pulmonary consumption. ‘ageacy of the on-biting fies becomes im- portant, and the part they play in the transmission of typhold fever s ticularly noticeable. par- and bacteria on their feet. That was perimentally proved by allowing files to 1k -n'l!uhun.‘ for, later, when they the bacteria developed. Moreover, as nearly as 1888, it was shown by an Italian fovestigator that |observations indicate upon pure cultures of typhold | jod over sterilized medi Sadinun bacili. were able to transmit yiru Again, early observations demo It bas been known for some time that flles may carry baccllll it 1s a most active agent in the transmission of disease, be- cause it communicates the germs to the food eaten by people. In certain sections of the country there is & common idea that |flles bite before a raiu. This is true, but |1t is not the house fly that does the biting. It Is the stable fly (stomoxys calcitrans) | which has a particularly exasperating bite, | which is also to a certain degree dangerous. This is the fly which is probably responsi- |ble for the transfer of surra in the Philip- pines. The approach of a storm frequently drives it into dwellings, where 1t is & source of keen annoyance to the occupant: of files which are ot especial importance are the little fruit files (drosophtla ampelophila) so commonly found |1n houses in the autumn, attracted to over- |ripe or decaying frult and which som /times swarm in great numbers about the \(rull stands In the markets. These also |bned in fllth and play an important part in the disease transfer relations. There is also the specle known as the little house fly (homalomyla canicularis), s small in- sect with a light colored abdomen, com- monly found on windows and so much iike the ordinary house fly that it can hardly be should be directed to such open deposits, and such disposition of filth should be con- #ldered a punishable misdemeanor, and the regulation vigorously enforced. “Fourth—Every effort should be made by boards of health In cities and by private persons In the country to limit the breeding of the common house fly. In addition there should be a strict supervision of stables in which horses are kept. “l have found by careful experimental work with different insecticidal substances that chloride of lime is the most efficient thing that can be applied to filth accumu- lations in such places, but the trouble s that chloride of lime is rather expensive. In order to econpmize in the matter and make the lime go as far as possible, I have suggested in the literature that I am now sending out that livery stable pro- prietors and farmers make an effort to collect refuse of this character in one spot. This {s what we have done at the stable of the Department of Agriculture, where the refuse of the stalls is gathered in one spot and treated to chloride of lime, the THROUGH THE BLACK HILLS Mayor Buohanan Tells of the Trip of the Newspaper Bpecial. INDUSTRIAL WONDERS OF THE REGION Pusy Mining Ca Linked by Ra ronds Afford Pleasant Enter- talament for the Visitors from the Enaat. Major J. R. Buchanan left Omaha a week ago Friday for the Black Hills, having as his guests a party of newspaper men from Omaha, Stoux City and Lincoln. That they had a royal time may be judged from the following story told by the genial major on his return: “Yes, I have just returned from a pleas™ ant jaunt to the Black Hills in company experiment proving so succebsful that the STABLE FLY (Stemenys cateitraus) BITING APPARATUS number of house fiies in the whole neigh- borhood has been lessened to a remarkable extent. “How do we propose to make war on these pests? That is simple enough. The division of entomology will send out litera- ture, of which a vast amount is being pub- lished, to health boards and committees and individuals all gver the United States, di- recting them a8 to the means and materials to be used in killing off flies and employ- Ing preventive measures for the spread and transmission of disease germs by these insects. While this is being done experi- ments will be conducted by the government experts to discover more efficient methods for carrying on the campaign. Our first efforts will be to urge upon the people thy necessity of care. Extermination, as far as possible, will come later.” OUT OF THE ORDINARY. Thirteen British life assurance offices de- cline proposals from unvaccinated persons. Fall River has an ordinance forbidding standing between the seats In open street cars. From the records of life insurance com- anies and annuity socleties T. B, Young, ate president of the Institute of Actuaries of England, out of 800,05v cases has only been able to find twenty-two centenarfans, Matt Tobin is dead In Balina county, Kan- sas, at the great age of 105 years. His first wife died In New York of cholera in 18%, and his second wife survives him at the age of 8. Conrad von Weser, the Austro-Hungarian vice consul, has given a collection of 213 pamphlets 'of great interest to students and antiquarians to the Columbla univer- sity library. Albert W. Paine of Bangor, Me., has practiced law contintously for 'sixiy seven years, having been admitfed to the Penob- scot county bar on May 28, 1835. He is the oldest lawyer in waint of continuous service In New England. Dr. Gatling, who invented the gun known by his name,’ has invented a plow operated Y gasoline, which will do the work of thirty men and eight horse: an expense of a’little more than $2 a day. The farmer may now look forward to a life of luxu- rious ease. Henrl Maurice Cannon, known through- out tha World as the heaviest of sl e dled suddenly from heart disease at his saloon in Ban Francisco a few d Deceased welghed 613 pounds. D Zurich he was deemed there one of the foremost athletes and as a wrestler met many men in the arena. It was not until ten years ago that he commenced (o grow to abnormal proportions, his welght in- creasing with alarming rapidity. Cannon Wwas (2 years of age; his helght was 5 feet 104 inches, ' circumference ~of waist 96 chest 72 inches, thigh 54 inches, inches. American tax dodgers hesitate before going quit traveled not | o by church warden and B6 tima n ueen Eilzabeth residents of the of Corby, near Kettering, are exempf from market tolls and jury service provided that once In every twenty years they submit to being placed In the public stocks. The parson and his two thritty friends were ocked up for an hour or 80, thus reviving a custom which had been forgotten for & great many years. Chief Judge David Torrance of the Con- necnc‘,l supreme court of errors has de- cided for the validity of a bequest of $100,- 000 made to controvert the doctrine of the immortality of the soul. The testator, Sid- ney Hall, was an eccentric who gave much tudy ‘to rellgious questions. He ' dled in artford three years ago, being then a member_of the "Advent church of that place. He left the sum named to the Ad- vent Christian Publication soclety of Bos- ton, which he charged with its expenditure for the purpose mentioned. Rel con- tested the will, but Judge Torrance has finally disposed’ of the matter by holding the clause valid. CONNUBLALITIES. ‘would prol 0 £ the rector of a Marri a very present it is no consolation to the young man who is separated from the girl he loves to he saves a little money on soda cream. Pauna Datwowelckensekize was in Wilksbarre, Pa., the other day, but she didn’t gain much in the way of & change of name. She became Mrs. Joseph Andruizkewen]sice. Buffalo comes forward with a bride who insisted upon having “obey’” omitted trom the ceremony, but who balances the ac- count, by retusing to permit publication of descriptions of her wedding gown, or to have a wedding breakfast, saying that women pay too much attention to dressing and eating. Mme. Marchesl, has just celebrated her golden’ wedding among those who went specially to Paris to congratulate t {eacher and to sing at the her famous pupll, Mme. s band, - Salvatore Marchesi, or Castrone, fought at Rome in the revolution of 1848, and the two were married in the littl church of Heddernheim, in the duchy of Nassau, Helnrich Henkél presiding at the e may be a lottery, but there fg vely demand for t {ckets just at distinguished from it. It has, however, A plercing proboscis and bites severely. There are also the forms known to ento- mologists as phora fermorata and sarco- phaga trivialis. Te War Upon the Pests. “That s enough concerning the variety ‘dfllu. In brief, the results of these “First—In the interest of health, and es- t peclally as obviating the possibility of the ~ |trapsfer of typhold fever by files, flth of strated that fies are (mportant agents 10 |every description should be removed or the transmission of Aslatic cholera. Flies and Typhold Fev | buried forthwith | *“Becond—Refuse should never be deposited “Typhold fevcr, as will be remembered |in the open Without being covered immedi- dgubtiess, was sstonishing prevalent in th, tely with a thick layer of earth. cemps of this coyntry during the | “Third—In the low quarters of cities the Spaln. At that time the, disease | especial attentlion of boards of bealth organ. The New York Sun has decided that a bridegroom’s expenses begin with the fee he gives the clergyman who ties the knot and the hackman who transports — the happy palr to the outgolng train. All the other wedding expens on_the’ father of the bride. This may encourage a few more young men to take the plunge, but it will_add nothing to the equanimity of papis with marriageable girls. On the quarterdeck of the recelving shij Wabash at the Boston navy yard June Miss Isabella Pigman was united {n mar- riage to Ensign Willlam Christian Asser- won. Us & N. The bride 1 the ‘Oldest hier of Captain George W. Pigman, BRUE"NT wna the room s the son of Hear Admiral’ Peter C. Asserson 8 tired, civil engineer. Weddings on board vessels of things, and American navy ere rare ra that has taken place on board this historic with a party of congenial editors. Through Doug! and Washington countles to the northwest the splendid crop prospect and outlook entertained us till Fremont was reached. We sped away up the Elkhorn valley, which in its entirety seemed a gar- den of agricultural perfection. That val- ley,is always rich, thrifty and prosperous. It could scarcely look better or more prom- ising than it does mow. After supper we plunged away into darkness, enlarging mu- tual acquaintance over cigars, a little poli- tics, some storles and a turn at newspaper wit. By and by heavy eyelids bade us re- tire to awake for breakfast at Buffalo Gap. It was found on approaching Buffalo Gap that eeveral of the party, unaccustomed to the exceeding brilliancy and clearness of the sky in that marvelous climate, mis- took it for daylight and had arisen about 4 o'clock, thinking the day was full upon them, and an hour later arriving at Chad- ron had breakfasted at a lunch counter and 80 were hardly prepared to enjoy the splen- did breakfast at Buffalo Gap. However, all ate and having discharged passengers destined for Hot Springs we were off again. “At Whitewood we were met by a com- mittee consisting of Messrs. Wilson, Rus- sell and Elder M. Denny, division freight agent, from the Business Men's club of the city and advised us they were directed to say the Commercial eclub of Lead and the Smead hotel at Lead en- tended to us their respective compliments and with them an invitation to dine at the Smead and then to view the Home- stake mills and ride about the city. Scenes of Early Activity. “Enroute from Whitewood to Deadwood the committee pointed out the old site of Crook City (named after our beloved Gen- eral Crook), which was the first large gathering place of miners in the Black Hills, stating it once contained over 6,000 people, placer miners, and the et cetera of the mining camp. Its remains, about twenty houses, nestle near the foot- hills in the little valley of White- wood crcek, which once ran full of gold places sand and out of which many fortunes were worked. Thence climbing the ascent alongside of and frequently cr ing the old stage road, we were next asked to note Centennial valley, a beautiful basin valley or plateau, extending northwest s teen miles to the town of Spearfish. This valley is nearly half a mile wide, straight, sloping gently from the south and north to a smooth valley, draining the ample mols- ture from the declining hills on either side and producing splendid crops without irri- gation each year. Soon after passing this valley we plerce the mountain through a rocky tunnel 1,100 feet long, which cost nearly $1,000,000 to construct. Emerging into Deadwood guleh, mountains rise abruptly on either side a thousand feet, surmounted and covered, sides and to) with pine trees grown among the rocks, which rise almost perpendicularly on either side. “On the western side the committee went to work, going on for the foundation for the large reduction works being con- structed by the ‘Hidden Future’, mining company—a company of Sioux Clty, Denver and Des Moines and Lead capltalists. Its grounds consist of 204 acres adjoining the great Homestake mining properties and immediately west of them. Its ores are much richer, but its area is much les: It was from this property that Ott Grants, who made the chief discovery, took some two hundred thousand dollars from three or four car loads of ore two years ago. There is abundance of capltal in It now to delevop and work it. The reduction works, whose foundations we were viewin, will have a capacity of three hundred and fifty tons per day to start with and is un- der contract to be completed ready for run- ning in slx months. Thence ascending the gulch we next come In sight of the Dead- wood and Delaware smelter cwned by B. H. Harriman and aesoclates, and managed locally by Mr, Harris Franklin, vice presi- dent. Thence up the gulch a number of other reduction works, mainly cyanide plants, all the way up the gulch into the city of Deadwood, a historic city and the first really permanent mining camp in the Black Hills. Deadwood's Business Center. “Deadwood’s main business houses line its one principal street on elther side and its residences perch against the sides of the mountains, which rise almost precipl- tously on either side a thousand feet, Near a mile above the D. & D. smelter this gulch is widened out into a plateau created by the openings into other gulches which debouch into Deadwood gulch there. Streets diverge into the mouths of these gulches and on the plateau is found the Elkhorn pi senger station, a handsome brick structure of ample size and commodiously arranged in its interior and surroundings for service required. It would be too tedious to enter into the history of Deadwood here, al- though the temptation is strong. Suffice it —this camp became a most. active place while yet the Indians owned the Hills and were in evidence all around it. Here Gen- eral Crook landed after a weary tramp through the Hills, ousting the white man. He and his command wes and ragged, as he told me; also explaining that the white people of the camp wel- comed them with generous hospitality on thelr arrival in 1876 or 1876, accompanying the ‘feed’ with abundance of champagne. which the general denounced as a brand of ‘Chateau de Busthead.'. It is presumed the name given it occurred to them the day following the feed. Here followed permanent business bouses, banks and other facilities for living and working, in- cluding means of communicating with the outside world through Cheyenne, the near- est settlement, at first. Then Sidmey, Neb. became & stage terminus next and later, when the Northwestern rallway built to Plerre, S. D., stages reached clvilization through that gatewa: New LI to Lead. “At Deadwood our party was met by » committee of the Lead Commercial club, who volced again the invitation extended. All were then invited to join in a trip over the new Deadwood-Lead ‘Scenlc Won- der line' of the Elkhorn railroad from Deadwood to Lead. This line s indeed a scenic wonder, and also an sccomplished engineering wonder. It starts from Dead- wood up Deadwood gulch, which s too narrow in which to make & rurve to get get out of it till the mouth of Blacktall gulch s reached, at Gayville, & mining camp created by miners who were employed in adjacent mines. There the line diverges he although this is not the old ship they have been few. The last was that of Captain Carpenter's daughier, which took about eleven years ago. ‘ from its direct course into the mouth of Blacktall, 1o enable it to describe & 0. 1902. degren curve and cross Deadwood gulch again, and, cutting directly into and through a projecting mountainside of solid rock, the line rises, creeping along this mountain side on a 2% per cent grade, with the track in Deadwood gulch in plain view away below and paralleling it back for a mile or more, then again cutting through an- other hump of the mountaln and yonder lles Deadwood, away below and three miles il and hump of the mountaln and we bave an extended view of and up another gulch through which the B. & M. approaches from the south. Yonder lles that B, & M. track, and the little station of Pluma far below us. Thence we follow the curve of the mountainside clear to Lead and find ourselves landed in front of the Homestake mille. The material for completing the trestling across the gulch belng delayed, the train stops In front of the mill property for the present. Three Layers of Railroads. distant. another Across a through profecting ““Here 18 a queer condition. Down in the bottom of the gulch {s the narrow-gauge track of the Deadwood Central, a B. & M. track. The Elkhorn trestlery extends im- medlately across the gulch and over the top of the B. & M. depot, and above the Elkhorn, extending from the top of the Homestake mill across the gulch to the ‘Ellison Hist' (another property of the Homestake company), is another steel via- duct, on which ore tralns are run from one works to the other. Thus, when all are active, will be seen the three trains one directly above the other. The Elk- Lorn, when its steel trestle is completed, will run over the top of the B. & M. depot to its own passenger station in the bueiness heart of Lead, directly across the main street from the First National bank and one block from the Smead hotel and the Homestake headquarters, postoffice, etc. “On arrival at Lead carriages awaited our party and took us to the Smead, where, with the two committees of Deadwood and Lead, we dined. Then carriages took us to the mills of the Homestake mine. This mine we will not attempt to describe. Suffice it, it is the largest and most complete and valuable gold mine in the world. After viewing it to our satfefaction & carriage ride showed us the city. Then a tallyho coach and carriages from Deadwood met us and took us through Main street, Lead, thence down Poorman gulch, passing the Hidden Future property, through Cen- tral, near the Father de Smet, and a num- ber of other mines, down Deadwood gulch to Deadwood and around the city, winding up at the Business Men's club rooms, where & delighttul luncheon was served and gen- eral talk with business men occurred. “At 6 p. m. we took a traln for Hot MAKING THE DESERT BLOOM Triumph of Western Energy in the Passage of the Irrigation Bill. IMPORTANT PROVISIONS OF THE LAW Public Land Sales to Conatitute = Construction Fand—Geological Bure to Supervise the Projected Works. WASHINGTON, June 21.—(Special.)— Since the passage of the irrigation bill there has been a good deal of speculation as to whether a new bureau would be cre- ated to take charge of its administration. It is now definitely known, however, that the great national policy which the act pro- vides for will be carried out by the secre- tary of the interfor through the Geological survey as at present constituted under the immediate supervision of Mr. Charles D. Wolcott, the director, and Mr. F. H. Newell, the chie? of the Hydrographic bureau of the survey. The friends of the measure are gratified to know that this will be done, because it femoves any danger of the work falling into the hands of untried men. The work of the survey in all its relations to the development of the irrigation resources of the arid region has been eminently satis- tactory to the people of the west who are familiar with what has been so far ac- complished. Mr. Newell has been in charge of the work for fourteen years. He en- tered the employ of the Geological survey under Major Powell, who may really be sald to be the father of the national irri- gation policy, and his great conception of the marvelous possibilities of the arid re- glon under a national plan for its develop- ment seems now about to be realized. Mr. Newell has made almost a life study of the subject and is probably more familiar than any other man in the United States with the irrigation resources of the west and what must be done to accomplish the purposes of the new national irrigation law which has been well designated the New Home- stead law. His recent book, “Irrigation in the United States,” is a recognized au- thority on this whole subject. The fact is fully recognized by those who will have the administration of the new law and by the western senators and congressmen who have worked 8o hard for its enactment that it is the part of wisdom to proceed with great care and without undue haste in carrylng Its provisions into effect. It is belleved that this view will have the ap- proval™of the people of the west generally and that there will not be any such wild Springs, where we arrived at 10:30 p. m., and were met by W. H. Dildlne, proprietor, and others, of the Evans hotel. We were all tired and dusty and chose to take a plunge o the finest plunge bath in tho world. After this, although near midnight, mine host of the Evans had prepared a sumptuous luncheon for us. Some of our party who had started out early and had already eaten five or six times and also had taken & bath could not endure so much strange experience and were obliged to forego this luncheon. All sought beds soon after under pledge to meet at 8:30 for breakfast. The Omaha and eastern papers, which came on the Elkhorn at 7:45 a. m., entertained the party till 10:30, when we fell in and all went to the Presbyterian church, and here a beautiful thing de- veloped. All showed the early training, fell into the spirit of the service and joined heartily and enjoyably. / Story of a Stage Driver, “The remainder of the day was mainly spent in our respective rooms. Next morn- ing at 8 o'clock all took Jensen's tally-ho coach for a trip to the Wind cave, twelve miles distant. There are wonderful things, wonderful persons and you hear of wonder- ful events in these Black Hills. We met one man of whom it is sald he is a rare artist in his line—there belng, as alleged, three great artists of his kind in the Hills —one other man belug one, and he whom we met constituting the other two. Our friend Jensen s a rare specimen in entertaining his guests. He went to the Black Hills with the first expedition from Sfoux City. He is probably the best stage driver mow living, having been driver and owner of stages and stage lines for over twenty years, and it is a rare delight always sought to ride with him when he drives and to hear his experiences. He is a free, easy talker and entertains so graciously that the women not only eagerly climb to the top of his stage for the privilege, but almost quarrel for the chance. One womgn who was being entertalned by his early adventure asked him if he ever had any adventures with Indians. ‘Oh, yes,' sald Jensen, ‘often.’ She insisted on being told one at least. He sald he was over near Buffalo Gap in an early day when he spled | A party of Indlans concealed in ambush. He put spurs to his horse and they after him, shooting at him as he ran. He broke for the mountains, the Indlans pursuing. On the way he ran through a herd of wild | horses, and as his horse wi breaking down he left it, sprang onto another and | flow ahead. Here he halted; the woman prompted him to go on. He sald he ran on and on till he ran Into a deep gulch lined by precipitous walls on either side. He ran {nto the gulch, the Indlans follow- ing. Finally he found the walls closed in at the end In a solid stone wall. He stopped again. The woman, all interest, asked what then. “They killed me there, swered Jensen. Wonders of Wind Cave. “At the Wind cave we all donmed our skull caps and candles and led by Guide Stabbler and followed by Jensen to keep any from straggling we entered. Let me say in a word that it is the most wonderful cave known, differing from any other, as sclentists say, and beautiful as well as wonderful beyond any word description. Go and see it. That's all I can say. All anyone can cay, It's worth a trip across the continent to see. It is tiresome, of course, but not difficult and is amply com- pensating. Guide Stabbler told us 100 miles of passages had been opened and over 3,000 rooms explored and there 1is as yet nothing known of the extent of the cave. “Returning to Hot Springs, we visited the hospital bullt and being run by the Bene- dictine sisters in which are now about twenty patients. It is one of the most com- plete in all appolntments of any I have ever seen. They have room for enlarge- ment, but it Is now three storles high, with splendid equipment for all hospital pu poses, especially the heating and ventilat- ing. Slster Martinez is & splendid repre- sentative of a splendld order and doing an excellent work. “All Hot Springs people are happy in the prospect of the National Sanitarfum, es- peclally grateful that the supreme merit of the curative waters and unequalled cll- mate have been recognized and endorsed or approved hy the highest experts of th United States government after the sever- est tests. The botels are all open and ruoning and & good many guests are there, some from Chicago, Sioux City, some Omaha, some Wisconsin people were met. This ought ¢o be the resort of Omaha people. Endangers HASBTINGS, Neb., June 21.—(Bpecial Tele- gram. Hunt, & traveling salesman for a Bt. Joseph mercantile company, came near smashing the world's ten-pin e here today. made points in_thres fonmcutiye Sames This bests Prank Brill's record, scored Bri ol Laols, scramble as some have predicted, to get reservoirs bullt right away In every western congressional district. The fact is that the western people have been fighting for a principle rather than for any specific application of it and now that congress has formally adopted and inaugurated the policy for which they have contended they are more interested to secure a wise and conservative administration of that policy 80 as to demonstrate its practical bemefits than to erowd for the immediate construc- on of works In every local section of the west, What the Law Proposes. A more conservative plan than this frri- gatlon act for the solution of the great problem of the reclamation of the arid region could not be devised and the op- ponents of the bill on its passage so far overshot the facts in their denunciation of it that their hostility rather reacted in favor of the bill in the minds of those who had studled its provisions. For instance, one of the leading members who opposed it declared: “It is the most insolent a tempt at larceny that I have ever seen em- bodied in a legislative proposition. It pro- vides for the giving away of an empire in order that private property may be made valuable. It is a proposition to spend vast millions of dollars in order that the pres- ent owners in the states of Wyoming and in other states shall have their lands re- claimed at public charge. Nothing could be farther from the than this. The proceeds from the sales of public lands in the arid and semi-arid states amount to about $2,600,000 a year. The Irrigation act sets apart these pro- ceeds, whatever they may be, a revolv- ing construction fund in the treasury and authorizes the secretary of the interior to use it for the construction of irrigation works for the reclamation of the arid pub- lic lands. The lands reclalmed are re- served exclusively for actual settlers only under the homestead law, ‘Who must live on the land five years before they can get title. The total cost of each system of works is to be a charge against the lands reclaimed under it and each settler must pay back to the government in ten equal annual installments his proportion of the cost of the works, The entire inves:ment of the government In each system would, therefore, come back to it in ten years time, and as it came back, from year to year, it would be available for the con- | struction of new works. It is really as- tonishing the way this fund accumulates. Taking it by ten-year periods, with the ayerage receipt from new land sales of $2,500,000 & year, the amount available from this source for the first ten years would be $25,000,000. In the second ten years this same amount would be duplicated and the $25,000,000 invested during the first ten years would come back and be re- fact water monopoly under it. The president 1y known to have his whole heart In this great national home-making plan and he may be depended on not to permit it to miscarry, During the debate on the bill much was sald by those opposed to it about the Iniquity of taxing the eastern farmer to create competition with him. The fact s that not a dollar of taxes will be lald on any farmer under this law and no com- petition with him will be created. The bullding of these great government irriga« tion works must necessarily proceed so slowly that the new areas brought under cultivation will not keep pace with our rapldly increasing population, and the easte ern farmer, Instead of being Injured, will be benefited by the greatly increased dee mand for the manufactured products of the eastern factories, whose operatives the eastern farmer feeds. This wae well expressed by the president In his message to congress, where he sald: “The Increased demand for manufactured articles will stimulate (ndustrial produce tion, while wider home markets and the trade of Aela will consume the larger food supplies d effectually prevent western competition with eastern agriculture. In- deed, the products of irrigation will be con- sumed chiefly in upbuilding local centers of mining and other Industri which would otherwise not come Into existence at all, Our people as a whole will profit, for suc- cessful home-making is but another name for the upbullding of the nation.” ——————————— Ante Room Echoes With delayed trains from the west the program of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine for the reception to the members of Mecca temple Thursday was dlsarranged and the reception, While not less hearty, was much less formal than It would have been had the visitors been able to have visited the hall in the afternoon. With the paesing of the delegation Saturday night and the flylng reception given by members of Tan- gler temple the honors to visitors is past for the present month, but there yet re< malins the most important reception of all, that which will be given Colonel H. O, Akin upon his return to Omaha. The members of the temple who met Friday night to arrange for the reception were in the dark as to the time of the arrival of the imperfal potentate and the delegates from Tangler temple to the im- perial council at San Francisco, and at this time there Is no more certainty as to the time Colonel Akin will return, He is coming home by the northern route and will visit many of the temples in the morthwest on his road home. These temples have seldom had an opportunity to recelve the supreme head of tho order and it is expected that he will experience western hospitality in the degree seldom accorded to distinguished guests in that part of the couatry. When he does arrive in Omaha he will be met at the train by a large delegation of the members of the temple and escorted to his home. That evening’there will be a formal reception at the halls of the shrine in Masonic temple. A committee has been appointed to arrange the detalls for the tunction, and while plans have not been prepared it is understood that the recep- tion will not be distinctly a Shrine affair, The families of the members of the Ma- sonic fraternity will be drawn upon and it is expected that the women will add much to the enjoyment of the evening. The cermonial session of the Dramatlo Order, Knights Khorassan, held Monday night was one of the most successful ses- sions of that order and has caused the members to resolve that these sessions shall be held at more frequent intervals of time. It has been guzgested by some of the members that there s sufficlent m terial within the jurisdiction of the Omaha lodge o permit two regular sessions to be held each year, and that if the members desire it will bo possible to greatly in- crease the membership and influence of the order. The annual outing of the Elks is the next thing on the program of the societies. It was decided Friday night to hold that outing at Krug's park, Saturday, July 12. The day and the park will be given over to the members of the order and their families, Triangle lodge, Knights of Pythias, will work in the rank of page on Thursday evening, three candidates being ready for initiation. . Lilllan temple, Rathtone Sisters, will celebrate their fourth anniversary Monday evening, and extend an invitation to all members of the order of Knights of Pythias and their families to joln them fn their amusements, which will include music, cards and refreshments. Clan Gordon, Order of Scottish Clans, s arranging for its annual picoic, but as there has been & rain on the date fixed for that plenie for the last four years, it is hoped that the children of the mist will defer that date of that plenle until such time old earth has had an opportunity to absorb some of the recent rainfall. At the meeting of the clan Tuesday evening a program of songs was oarried out by Clansmen Watson, Britain and Lindsay. BOOTLEGGERS ARE SENTENCED invested In new works In the second ten ye thus making a total investment in the second ten years of $50,000,000 in the construction of new systems. In the third ten years another $25,000,000 would come in from sales and the whole $75,000,000 in- vested in the second ten years would come back for reinvestment, making a grand total invested in the construction of new works i the thirty years of $150,000,000. Th's whole sum would come back to the gov- ernment In the fourth ten-year period and could be reinvested again and again. until the whole vast area of irrigable arid public land has been reclaimed and settled and at the end the whole sum will finally be returned to the government. Safeguards for Settlers. It 1s of course impossible to comstruct such f{rrigation works to reclalm the arid public lands without including under some of the eystems lands which have been al- ready taken up, and it would be the helght of injustice to gay to the actual settler who went there and bullt his home before the works were planned that hé was barred for all time from any chance of tting water for his land from the government system. The bill has been most carefully drawn to cover this contingency. The ac- tual settler who lives on his land can on payment of his share of the cost of the et water, but for not more than 160 d the granting of water rights to nonresident owners of large tracts is carefully safeguarded against and forbid- den. Laws Carefully Framed. Judge Munger Tells Comvicted Menm that Another Offense Means Peultentiary. Judge Munger in federal court sentenced John Hanna and Henry Phillls, convicted of selling liquor to Winnebago Indians. Phillls was given $100 and costs and sixty days in jall for retalling liquor, a second count. His sentence was suspended, how- ever, dependent upon good bebavior in the future. Hanna was given §100 and costs and sixty days in jall, and will serve it out. He has only nineteen days more to remain incarcerated, however, as the sentence dates from April 7, when he was first ar- rested and jalled. The court informed both men that they would go to the pen! tentiary if they repeated their offenses and came before him similarly charged. JONES GUILTY OF MURDER Verdict of Jury in Case of Detroft Man, Formerly of Linco! DETROIT, June 21.—Willlam N. Jones was today convicted of the murder of Georg H. Hey on April 9 last, and was sen- tenced fb life imprisonment at the Mar- quette prison. The jury was out oply ten misutes. The murder was well planned and it is generally belleved that but for the evi- dence of & child of the victim Jones would Every feature and provision of the bill bas been framed with the utmost caution and care to carry out the policy declared for in President Roosev: message to congress in the last anoual report of the secretary of the interior of making the remaining public lands avallable for home-makers and creating opportunities for millions of our citizens to become inde- pendent home owners The sdministration of the measure is in the bands of its friends. There is not & shadow of doubt that the measure will be forced as to carry out this central idea and guard agaiost every attempt at speculation or land grabbing or land or have escaped conviction. Jones lay in wait for Heywood, who bad attended a dance that evening unaccompanied by his wife. He first shot Heywood and then crushed bis skull with & bammer. The evidence was entirely circumstantial. Dies of uries in Wre BRAINERD, Minn., June #1.—Harve, Zimmer, S Ry 1l Tear Stapias 5 X gomery, Wit compound fracture of the thigh'is in hospital and death is Epgols hourly. the otber injured are well, ¥