Omaha Daily Bee Newspaper, December 4, 1900, Page 5

e N A ——— civil and miscellancous expenses for there was a reduction of $13,418,065.74. Bonded Debt Bxtinguished, Because of the excess of Teventes over expenditures, the secretary of the treasury was enabled to apply bonds and other se- curities to the sinking fund to the amount of $56,554,656.06. The details of the sinking fund are set forth in the report of the sec. rotary of the treasury, to which I invite attention. The secretary of the treasury “| estimated that the receipts for the current scal year will aggregate $580,000,000, d tlon of one convention, In respect to which | {15 expenditures !..E.:n,n:)n.onn‘, Yeavitg an ex- no formal reply has bes e . nEress of 000,000, The present condition of the treas- et speclal commercial agreements under | @ i § UndeTlury 18 one of undoubted sirength. The d section of the tarift act have |, ... .10 caeh balance in Novembor was been ith P y proclaimed with Portugal, with Italy 4,40 368 7050, Under the torm of statement and with Germany. Commercial conven- e prior to the financial law of March 14 last, cns under the general limitations of the |AROT £ THE AREREIat T OF TaFeh 10 latt, fourth seot en con- 290, of the same have been statement of avallable cash gold coin and cluded with Nicaragua, with Bouador, with n the Dominican republic, with Great Britain :“':"':." n’:’"l’lf'_ for the redemption of United ©On behalf of the Island of Trindad and with | Denmark ‘on behalf of the Island of St Actual Cash on Hand. Croix. This will be early communicated to| If this form were pursued the cash bal- the senate. Negotlations with other gov-|ance, Including the present gold reserve of ernments are in progress for the improve- | $150,000,000, would be $280,303,794.50. Such ment and security of our commercial rela- | balanco, November 30, 1999, was $296,493,- 501.65. In the general fund, which Is tions wholly separate from the reserve and trust funds, there was, on November 30, $70,- 090,073.15 1n gold coln and bullion, to which should be added $22,957300 in gold certifi- cates, subject to lseue agalust which there is held in the division of redemption gold coin and bullion, making a total holdiog of free gold amounting to $93,047,- 31315, It will be the duty, as T am sure it will be the disposition, of the congress to pro- vide whatever further legislation is needed to insure the continued parity under all conditions between our two forms of metal- lic money, silver and gold, Our surplus revenues have permitted the secretary of the treasury, since the close of the fiscal year, to call in the funded loan of 1891, continued at 2 per cent in the sum of $25,364,600. To and including No- vember 30, $23,458,100 of these bonds ha been pald. This sum, together with the amount which way accrue from further re- demptions under the call, will be applied to the sinking fund. Saving Interest Charges The law of March 14, 1900, provided for refunding into 2 per cent thirty-year bonds, payable, principal and interest, in gold in of the presont standard value, that portion of the public debt represented by the 3 per cent bonds of 1908, the 4 per conts of 1907 #nd the & per cents of 1004, of which there was outstanding at the date of said law $839,149,930. The holders of the old bonds presented them for ex- change between March 14 and November 30 to the amount of $364,943,750. The net saving to the government on these trans- actions aggregates $9,106,166. Another effect of the operation, as stated by the secretary, Is to reduce the charge upon the treasury for the payment of fn- terest from the dates of refunding to Feb- ruary 1, 1904, by the sum of more than 7,000,000 annually. From February 1, 1904, to July 1, 1907, the annual interest charge will be reduced by the sum of more tham $5,000,000, and ror the thirteen months end- Ing August 1, 1908, by about $1,000,000. The full detalls of the refunding are given In the annual report of the secretary of the treasury. New National ke, The beneficlal effect of the financial act of 1900 so far as it relates to the modifica- tlon of the national banking act is already apparent. The provision for the Incor- poration of pational banks with a capital of not less than $25,000 in places not ex- ceeding 3,000 {nhabltants has resulted in the extension of banking facilities to many small communities hitherto uuable to pro- vide themselves with banking Institutions under the national system. Thero were organized from the enactment of the law up to and Including November 30, 369 ni tional banks, of which 268 were with cap!- tal less than $50,000 and 103 with capital of $50,000 or more. It is worthy of mention that the greater number of banks belng organized under the new law are in sections where the need of banking facilities been most pro- pounced. lTowa stards first, with thirty banks of the smaller class, while Texas, Oklahoma, Indian Territory and the middle and western sections of the country have also avalled themselves largely of the priv- tleges under the new law. A large increase in national bank note circulation’ has resulted from the provi- slon of the act which permits national banks to issue ciréulating notes to ‘thé“par value of the United States bonds deposited as wecurity instead of only 90 per cent thereof, as herctofore. ' The Increase In circulating notes from March 14 to Novem- ber 30 1s §77,789,57 The party In power is committed to such legislation as will better make the cur- rency responsive to the varying needs of business at all seasons and in all sections. Imports and Exports, Our foreign trade shows a remarkable record of commercial and industrial prog- ress. The total of imports and exports for the first time in the history of the counmtry exceeded $2,000,000,000. The exports are greater than they have ever been before, the total for the fiscal year 1900 being $1,304, 483,082, an Increase over 1899 of $167,459,780, an increase over 1898 of $163,000,072, over 1897 of $343,489,526, and greater than 1896 by $611,876,144. The growth of manufactures in the United States is evidenced by the fact that exports of manufactured products last year exceed those of any previous year, their value for 1900 being $433,861,756, against $339,692,146 In 1899, an increase of 28 per cent. Agricultural products were also exported during 1900 {n greater volume than in 1899, the total for the year being $835,858,123, against $784,776,142 in 1899, Tho Imports for the year amounted to $849,041,184, an Increase over 1899 of $152,- 702,605 This Increase s largely fin materials for manufacturing, and is in re- sponso to the rapid development of manu- facturing in the United States. While there was imported for use in manufactures in 1500 material to the value of $79,768 972 tn eXcess of 1899, it is reassuring to chserve that there Is a tendency toward decrease in the importation of articles manufactured ready for consumption, which in 1900 formed 15.17 per cent of the total imports, againat 5.54 per cent in 1899 and 21.09 per cent in PRESIDENT'SMESSAGE (Continued from Fourth Page.) country, which hoped to profit by their provisions The conventional periods for their ratitication having expired, it became hecessary to elgn articles extending the time for that purpise. This was requested on our part and the other governments in- terested have concurred, with the exce eciproeity 1n Well Entablished. The poliey of reciprocity so manifestly rests upon the principle of international equality and has been so readily approved by the people of the United States that there ought to be no hesitation in either branch of congress in giving to it full effect This government desires to preserve the most just and amicable commercial rela- tlons with all foreign countries, unmoved | by the industrial rivalries necessarily de- veloped in the expansion of international trade. It s believed that the foreign gov- ernments generally entertain the same purpose, although In some instances there are clamorous demands upon them for legislation specifically hostile to American interests. Should these demands prevail I shall communicate with congress with a view of advistug such legislation as may be Decessary to meet the emergency. Commends Buffalo Esxposition. The exposition of the resources and pro- Aucts of the western hemisphere to be held at Buffalo next year promises important results, not only for the United States, but for the other participating countries. Tt Is gratifying that the Latin-American states have evinced the liveliest interest. and the fact that an international American con- gress will be held in the City of Mexico while the exposition is in progress en- courages the hope of a larger display at Buffalo than might otherwise be practicable. The work of preparing an exhibit of our national resources s making satisfactory progress under the direction of the different officials of the federal government and the varfous states of the union have shown a disposition toward the most lberal particl- pation in the enterprise. Internntio American Congre: The Bureau of the American Republics continues to discharge with the happiest re- sults the important work of promoting cordial relati~~« between the United States and the Laumeamerican countries, all of which are now active members of the In- ternational union. The bureau has been instrumental in bringing about the agree- ment for another fnternational American congress, which is to meet in the City of Mexico in October, 1901. The bureau's future for another term of ten years Is assured by the international compact, but the congress will doubtless have much to do with shaping new lines of work and & general policy. Its usefulness to the in- terests of Latin-American trade 1s widely appreciated and shows a gratifying develop- ent. Value of the Consular Cor| The practical utllity of the consular mervice in obtaining a wide range of infor- mation as to the industries and com- merce of other countries, for introduc- ing the sale of our goods, has kept steadily in advance of the notable expan- slon of our forelgn trade and abundant evidence has been furnished, both at home and abroad, of the fact that the consular reports, Including many from our diplomatic representatives, have to & considerable ex- tent pointed out ways and means of dis- posing of a great varlety of manufactured goods which otherwise might not have found sale abroad. Testimony of forelgn observers to the commercial efficiency of the consular corps seems to be conclusive, and our own manu- facturers and exporters highly appreciate the value of the services rendered In the printed reports and in the individual ef- forts of consular officers to promote Amerl- can trade. An increasing part of the work of the ‘bureau of foreign commerce, Whose primary duty it is to compile and print the reports, 18 to answer inquiries from trade organiza- tlons, business houses, otc., as to condi- tlons In varous parts of the world, and, notwithstanding the smallness of the force employed, the work has been €0 systema- tized that responses are made with such promptitude and accuracy as to elicit flat- teriog . encomiums. The experiment of printing the consular reports daily for im- mediate use by trade bodles, exporters and the press, which was begun in January, 1398, continues to give general satisfaction. TREASURY OPERATIONS FAVORABLE s in Revenue and an pply of Gold on Hand. Tt Is gratifying to be able to state that the surplus revenues for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1900, were $79,627,060.18. For the slx preceding years we had only feficits, the aggregate of which, from 1894 to 1809, tnclusive, amounted to $283,022,991.14. The receipts for the year from all sources, exclusive of postal revenues, aggregated $667,240,851.89, and expenditures for ali pur- poses, except for the administration of the postal department, aggregated $487,713,- 79171, The receipts from customs were $203,164,871.16, an increase over the preced- ing year of $27,036,089.41. Recelpts from in- ternal revenue were $295,327,926.76, an in- crease of $21,800,765.25 over 1899. The re- celpts from miscellaneous sources wero $38,748,003.97, as against $36,394,976.92 for the previous year. 1t 1 gratifying also to note that during the year a considerable reduction fs shown in the expenditures of the government. The War department oxpenditures for the fiscal year 1900 were $134,774,767.78, a reduction of $95,066,486.60 over those of 1599. In the Navy department the expenditures were $56,963,077.72 for the year 1900, as against $63,942,104.25 for the preceding year, a de- crease of $7,089,026.53. In the expenditures on account of Indians there was a decrease In 1900 over 1599 of $2,630,604.38; and In the Ample IVISION OF REVENUE LAWS, Reduction in War Ta: t Amount of $10,000,000 is Advised. I recommend that the congress at fts present session reduce the internal revenue taxes imposed to meet the expenses of the war with Spain in the sum of $30,000,000. This reduction should bo secured by the re- miesion of those taxes which experience has shown to be the most burdensome to the Industries of the people. I speclally urge that there be included In whatever reduction is made the legacy tax, bequests for public uses of a literary, educational or charitable character. American vessels during the last three years have carried about 9 per cent of our exports and imports. Forelgn ehips should carry the least, not the greatest, part of American trade. The remarkable growth of our steel industries, the prof s of ship building for the domestic trade and our steadily maintained expenditures for the navy have created an opportunity to place the United States in the first rank of com- mercial maritime powers. Ald tor Merchant Marine Besides realizing a proper national aspira- tion this will mean the establishment and healthy growth along all our coasts of a dis- tinctive national industry, expanding the field for profitable employment of laber and the Stop Talking Listen, while we tell you something sbout your hair, {)id you know that if you would only use a little of Ayer's Hair Vigor theee or four times 2 week your hair would grow very much faster? It mt:m color to ay hait, too, and stops fallin, g;{h bair. Aad it 5 ' moost excellent dressing, SVl e die daeiee Hyondo KA IR g T R inm-'u adirens, 013 o)AV ek Lowell, THE OMAHA DAILY BEE: TUESDAY, DECEMBER 4,_1900. eapital. Tt will increase the transporta- #lon facilities and reduce frelght charges on the vast volume of proflutts brought from the interior td the séabodrd for export, and will strenggthen an arm of the national de- fense upon which the founders of the gov- ernment and thelr successors have relled. In again urging immediate actlion by the congress on measures to promote Amerl- can ship building and foreign trade, T direct attention to the recommendations on the subject in provious meseages, and particularly to the opinion expressed in the meesage of 1809 “I am eatiefied the judgment 8t the country favors the policy of ald to our mer- chant marine, which will broaden our com- merce and markets and upbulld our sea- carrying capacity for the products of agri- culture and manufacture, which, with the incrense of our navy, mean more work and wages to our countrymen, as well as a safeguard to Ameriean interests in every part of the world."” Tho attention of congress is invited to the recommendation of the secretary of the treasury {n his annual report for legislation in behalf of the revenue cutter service, and favorable action is urged. Regalation of Trusts. In my last annual message to the congress 1 called attention to the necessity for early action to remedy such evils as might be found to exist in connectlon with combina- tions of capital organized fnto trusts, and again invite attention to my discussion of the subject at that time, which concluded with these words: “It 1s apparent that uniformity of legisla- tion upon this subject in the several states 1s much to be desired. 1t is to be hoped that such uniformity, founded in a wise and just discrimination between what Is In- Jurious and what Is useful and necessary in business operations, may be obtained, and that means may be found for the con- gress, within the limitattons of its con- stitutional power, so to supplement an ef- fective code of state legislation as to make & complete system of laws throughout the United States adequate to compel u general observance of the salutary rules to which I bave referred The whole question fs so important and far-reaching that I am sure no part of it will be lightly considered, but every phase of it will have the studied deliberation ot the congress, resulting in wise and judicious action. Restraint upon such combinations as are and which are within federal #hould be promptly applied by GOVERNMENT OF PHILIPPINES, Civil Arm to He Employed Where Pos- sible, Military When Necessary. In my last annual message I dwelt at some length upon the condition of affairs in the Philippines. While seeking to im- Press upon you that the grave responsibility of the future government of those islands rests with the congress of the Unitea States, 1 abstalned from recommending at that time a specific and final form of gov- ernment for the territory actually held by the United States forces, and as long as insurrection continues the military arm must necessarily be supreme. I stated my purpose, until the congress shall have mace known the formal expression of its will, to use the authority vested in me by the con- stitution and the vtatutes to uphold the soverelgnty of the United States In those distant islands as in all other places where our flag rightfully floats, placing, to that end, at the disposal of the army and navy all the means which the liberality of the congress and the people have provided. No contrary expression of the will of tho con- &ress having been made, I nave steadfasty pursued the purpose so declared, employing the civil arm as well toward - the accomplish- ment of pacification and the fnstitution of local governments within the lines of authority and law. Only Scattered Opposition Remains. Progress in the hoped-for direction has been favorable. Our forces have success- tully controlled the greater part of the islands, overcoming the organized forces of the Insurgents and carrying order and ad- ministrative regularity to all quarters. What opposition remains is for the most part scattered, obeylng no concerted plan of strategic actlon, operating only by the methods common to the traditions of guer- rilla warfare, which, while ineffective to Iter the general control now established, are still suclent to beget {nsecurity among the populations that have felt the good results of.our control and thus delay the conferment upon -them-of the fuller meas- ures, of local self-goyernment, of education and of industrial.and agricultural develop- ment which we stand-ready to give to them. By the spring of this year the effective opposition of the dissatisfled Tagals to the authority of the United States was virtu- ally ended, thus opening the door for the extension of a stable administration over much of the territory of the archipelago. Desiring to bring this about I appointed in March last a clvil commission composed of Hon. Willlam H. Taft of Ohio, Prof. Dean C. Worcester of Michigan, Hon. Luke E. Wright of Tennessee, Hon, Henry C. Ide of Vermont and Prof. Bernard Moses of California. The aims of their mission and the scope of thelr authority are clearly set forth in my instructions of April 7, 1900, addressed to the secretary of war, to be transmitted to them. Quotes from For In the message transmitted to the con- gress on December 5, 1899, 1 sald, speaking of the Philippine island: A3 Jong a8’ the insurrection supreme. Ut tharo 15 o reason s steny should not be taken from time to time (o {naugurate governments essentfally populas in thelr form as fast as territory s heli and controlled by our troops. To this end I am considering the advisabllity of the return of the commission, or such of the fl.:'n-l'fii't(m’m?v'n::nf:f ang"faaioato &1 Work throughout the islands " at® thia To glve effect to the intention thus ex- pressed, I addressed myself to the secretary of war, saying: v D ¢ v of Ohln: Braf. Dean G Nyarcessen J ymatt tgan, Hon, Luke 1. Wright of Tennessee Hon. Henry 'C. Ide of Vermont nnd Prof. Bernard Moses of California, commission- ers to the Philippine islands ti oontinue and perfect the Work of orgarizing and es tablishing clvil government already com- menced by the military authorities, sub- Joct in all respects to m\u\u which con- continues gress may hereafter en: The commissioners nam; act as a board, and the Tatt {s designated as presider® of the board. It i probable that the transfer of authority from milftary ccmmandars civil officers will be gradual and will nccup: a considerable period. Its successful o complishment and the maintenance of peace and order in the meantime will require {ho most perfect co-operation between the clvil and milltary autherities fn (he fsian and both should be directed during the transition period by the same executive de- partment. "The commission will, therefora report to the sceretary of war, and all thely action will “be subjéct to your approval and control. Commission Ordered to Mant You will instruct the commiselon to pro- cead to the clty of Manila. where they wili mako thelr principal office, and to com- municate with the military governor of tho Philippine tslands, whom you will nt the same time direct' to render to them cvery ausistince within his power in the performance of their dutfes. Without ham- ering them by too speeific instructions, hey should in”general ba ehjoined, after making themselves familiar with the cond!- tlons and needs of the country, to devote their attention in the first Insianco to the establishment of munlieipal governments, in which the natives of the islands, both in' the cities and in the rural communities, #hall be afforded the opportunity to manage thelr own local affalrs to the fullest extont of which they are capable and subjcct to the least degree of supervision and control which u careful study of thelr capacities and observations of the workings of nativa control show to be consistent with the malntenance of law, order and lovalty. The next subject'in order of importance should be the organization of government in the larger administrative divisions corre- sponding ~ to _count! departments or provinces, in which the common futerests ylll_meet ans o e T of many or several munfemalities falling within the same tribal Iines, or the sama ural geographical limits may be best bserved by a common administration, of the oplnlon t the condition of affairs in the islands that the central adminjstration afely ba transferred from military to elvil control they will report the conelusion to you, with thelr fecommendations as to the form of cenfral government to be estab- lished for the purpose of taking over the control Transfer of Legislative Aunthority. Beginning with the first day of September, 1000, the authority to exerclse, subject to my ‘approval, through the secretary of war, that part of the power of government in the Philippine fslands ~which ls of legislative nature 18 to be transferred from the mili- tary governor of tho to this com- misston, to be exerc after by them in the place and military gov- ernor, ‘under such' rules and reguiations as you shall prescribe, until the establish- ment of clvil central ‘government for the islands contemplated in the fust foregoing paragraph, or until congress shall other- wiso provide. Fxerclge of this leglslative authority will fnclude the making of rules and orders, having the effect of law, for the ralsing of revenue by taxes, customs du and fmposts: the appropriation and expe; ture of public funds of the islands; th tablishment of educationnl ' system through: ds; the establishment of n sy an_effictent civil service; the orga and establish- ment of courts; the organization and estab- lishment of municipal and departmental governments, and all other matters of a civil nature for which the military govern- ment 1s now competent to provide by rules or orders of a leglslative character Power to Appoint Oficers. The commission will also have power during the same perfod to appoint to office cuch officers under the judiclal, educational and civil service system and in the municl- pal and_departmental = governments as shall be provided for, Untl the complete transfer of control the military governor wiil remain the chief executive head of the government of the islands, and will exerclge the executive authority now pos- sessed by him and not herein cxpressly assigned to the mmission, subject, how- ever, to the rules and orders enacted by the commission in the reise of the legis- atlve powers conferred upon them. In the meantime the municipal and d tmental governments will continue 1o report 1o the military governor and be subjuct to his administrative supervision and control, under your direction, but t supervision and control will b confin within the narrowest limits consistent with the re- quirements that the powers of government in the municipalities and departments shall be honestly and effectively exercised and that law and order and individual freedom shall be maintained. All tho leglslative rules and orders, estab- lishments of governments and appoint- ments to office by the commission will take effect immediately, or at such times as they shall designate subject to your approval and action upon the coming in of the com- mission’s reports, which are to be made from time to time as thelr action is taken, Wherever civil governments are constituted under the direction of the commission such military posts, garrisons and forces will be continued for the suppression of insur- rection and brigandage and the mainte- nance of law and order as the militury com- mander shall deem requisite, and the military forces shall be at all times eubject under his orders. to the call of the civil authorities for the maintenance of law and order and the enforcement of thelr au- thority. Basis of Munieipal Government. In the establishment of municipal govern- ments the commission will take as the busis f their work the governments established by the military governor under his order of August 8, l;‘fl, and under the report of the board constituted by the military gov- ernor by his order of January 26, 180, to formulate and report a plan of municipal government, which his honor, Oayetano Arellano, president of the audienca, was chairman, and they will give to the con- clusions of that board the welght and consideration which the high character and distinguished abllities of its members Justify g In the constitution of departmental or provinclal governments lllflf' will give es- peclal attention to the existing government of the Island of Negros, constituted, witi the upproval of the people of that island under. the order of the military governor, July 22, 18, and after verifylng 8o far a may be practicable the reporis of the suc: cessful working of that government, they will be gulded by the experience thus ac- uired o far as it may be applicable to the condition existing in, other portions of the Philippines. ~They "will avail them- selves to the fullest d practicable ot the conclusions reached ey the previous commission to the Philippines In the distributions of powers among the governments organized by the commission, the presumption 18 always to be in favor of the smaller sub-division, #0 all the powers that can properly be exercised by the municipal government shall be vested in that government, and all the powers of a more general character which can be ex- ercived by the copartmental government shall be vested in that government, and so that In the governmental system, which i3 the result nr the process, the central gov- ernment_of the islands, following the ex- ample of the distribution of the powers be- tween the states and the national govern- t of the United States, shall have no ct ‘administration except of matters of purely general concern, and shall have only “sich supervision and control over local governments as may be necessary to secnre and enforce faithful and efficlent administration by local officers, Natives Are to He Preferred. The many different degrees of civilization and varletles of custom and capacity among the people of the different islands preclude definite instructions to the part which the people shall take In the selec- tlon of thelr own officers; but these general rules are to be observed: That in all cames the municipal officers who adminisier local affairs of the people are to be Se- lected by the people, and that where officers of more extended 'jurladiction are to ba eelected In any way. natives of the islands are to be preferred, and if they can be found competent and willing to perform the duties, they are to receive the offices in_preference to any others 1t will be necessary to flll some offices at present with Americans which after a time may bo well filled with natives of the islands. As soon as practicable a system fot ascertaining the merit and fitness of candidates for civil office should be put in force. An indispensable qualification for all offices and positions of rrust and au- {hority in the felands must be absolute and unconditional loyalty to the United States, and absolute and unhampered authority and power to remove and punish any ofticer deviating from that standurd must at all times be retained in the nands of the cen tral authority of the islande. Happiness of People First Object. In all the forms of government and ad- mintstrative provisions which they are au- thorized to prescribe, the ~commission ghould bear in mind that the government which they are establishing s designed not for our satistaction, or for the expression of our theoretical views, but for the hap- Piness, peace and prosperity of the people D" the Philippine tslands, and the mensures fdopted should be made to conform to their customs, their habits and even their preju- ¢ the fullest extent consiatent with the accomplishment of the indispensable requisites of just and effective government At the same time the commission should bear in mind, and the people of the islands should*be made plainly to understand, that thero are certain great principles of govern- ment which have been made the basis of our governmental system which we deem essentlal to the rule of law and the main- tenance of individual freedom and of which they have, unfortunately, been denled the experience possessed by us; that there are Wlso certain practical rules of government Which we have found to be essentfal to the reservation of these great principlles of iberty and law, and that these principles and these rules of government must be established and maintained in thelr islands for the sake of their liberty and happiness, however much they may conflict with the customs or laws of procedure with which they are familiar. Certain Inviolable Rules. It 1s evident that the most enlightened thought of the Philippine Islands fully ap- preclates the importance of these princi- ples and rules, and they will inevitably within a short time command universal as- sent. Upon cvery division and branch of the government of the Philippines, there- must be imposed these inviolable rul That no person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of Jaw; that private property shall not bo ten for public use without just com- pensation; that in all criminal prosecu- tions the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation, to be confronted with the witnesses against him, to have compulsory process for ob- taining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for hls defense; that excessive bail shall not be required; nor excesslvo fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishment inflicted; that no per son shall be put twice in jeopardy for the same offense, or be compelled in any crim- inal e be n witness against himself; that the risht to be secure against unrea. sonable searches and seizures shall not be violated; that nefther slavery nor involun- tary servitude shall exist except as a pun- ishment for erime; that no bill of attatnder or ex post facto law shall e passed; that no law shall be passed abridging the fr dow of speech or of the press, or the rights of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the Kovernment for a redrexs of grievances; that no law shall be made respecting an’ establishment of rellgion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, and 1 that the free clse and religious profesefon and worship discrimination or preference shall be allowe without forever Titles to 3 1t will be the duty of the commission to make n thorough Investigation fnto the titles to the large tracts of land held or claimed by individuals o by religlous or- ders; into the the claims and mplaints ainet such land hold- rs by the people of the fslands or any part of t and to seek by wise and pene Sures a just settiement of the contre s of wrongs which bloodshed i the [ of this duty the ¢ to sec that no in- Justie ) have regard for Aub- stantial rights and = equity, disregarding technicalities %o far as substantial right permits, and to observe the following rul That the provision of the treaty of ¥ pledging the United States to the prot tlon of all Fighta of property in the fslands, as well as the princlple of our own govern: ment which prohibits’ the tking of brivats property without due process o not be violated; that the welfar people of the islands, which sh paramount consideration, shall be attain consistently with this ‘rule of propert right; that if it becomes nec: v for the pablic interest of the people of the fslands 1o dlspose of claims to property, which the commission finds to be acquired not law- fully and held, disposition shall be made thereof by due legal procedure. In which thera ghail be full opportunity for fair and jmpartial hearing and judgment; that if the same public interests require the ex- tngulshment "of pronerty rights, lawfully acquired and held due compensation shall be made out of the public treasury there- for; that no form of religlon and no minis- ter' of religlon shall be forced upon any community or upon any citizen of the islands; that upon the other hand, no min- ister of religlon shall be interfered with or molested in following his calling, and that the separation between state’ and church shall be real, entire and absolute. Promotion of Cause of Education, It will be the duty of the commission to promote and extend, and as they find occa- slon, to improve, the system of education inaugurated by the military au- thorities In doing this they should regard as first fmportance the extension of a system of primary education which shall be free to ail, and which shall tend to fit the people for the duties of citizenship and for the ordinary avocations of a civilized community. This fnstruction should be given in the first instance in ev the islands In the language of the people. In view of the great number of languages mpoken by the different tribes, it fs expectally important to the prosperify of the iklands that & common medium of com- munication may be established, and it s obviously desirable that this medium should be the English language. KEspecial atten- tion should be at once given to affording full_opportunity to all the people of the islands to acquire the use of the English language. Changes in Tax and Other Laws, It may be well th which should be mi taxation and In the body of the laws under which the people a Y Dt such changes as have alre by the military government, should be relegate the clvil government which 1s to be estab- lished under the auspices of the It will, however, be the mission to inquire diligently there are any further change not to be delayed, and if so, thorized to make such changes, subject to vour approval. In doing so they s bear in mind that taxes which tend to penalize or repress industry and enter- prise are to be avolded; that provisions for taxation should be simple, 50 that they may be understood by the people; that they should affect he fowest praciicable sub- Jects of taxation which will serve for the general distribution of the burden The main body of the laws which regu- late the rights and obligations of the people should be maintained with as little inter- ference us possible. Changes made should be mainly in procedure, and in the criminal Jaws to secure speedy and impartial trials, and at the same time effective administra- tion and respect for individual rights, shall mof y are wu- In dealing with the uncivilize the 1slands the commission should adc same course followed by congress in ting the tribes of our North Americ dlans to maintain their tribal organization and government and under which many of those tribes are now llving in peace ‘and contentment, surrounded by a civilization to which they are unable or unwilling to conform. Such tribal governments should, however, be subjected to wise and firm regulation, and, without undue or petty in- terference, constant and active effort should be exercised to prevent barbarous practices and Introduce civilized customs, Upon all officers and employes of tne United Btates, both civil and military, should be impressed a sense of the duty to observe not merely tho material, but’ the personal and soclal rights of the people of the {slands and to treat them with the same courtesy and respect for their personal dignity which the people of the United States are accustomed to require from each other, American Pledges Kept. The articles of capitulation of the city of Manlia on the 13th of August, 1598, con- cluded with these words: “The city, its inhabitants, its churches and religlous worship, it educational establishments and ita private property of all descriptions, are placed under the special safeguard of the faith and honor of the A fave thal this pledge has been falth- fully kept. As high and as sacred an ob- ligation rests upon the government of the United States to give protection to prop- erty and life, civil and religlous freedom, and wise, firm and unseltish guldance in the paths of fpcuro and prosperity to all the pc-urlo of the Philippine islands, I charge this commission to labor for the full performance of this obligation which o cerns the honor and consclence of their country, In the firm hope that thrs h their fabors all the inhabitants of the Philip- pines islands may come to look back with gratitude to the day when God gave vi fory to American arms at Manila and set thelr lands under the sovereignty and the rotection of the people of the United tates. Orders Proclamation of Amnesty. Colncidentally with the entrance of the commission upon its labors I caused to bo tssued by General MacArthur, the military governor of the Philippines, June 21, 1900, a proclamation of amnesty and generous terms, of which many of the insurgents took advantage, among them & number of important leaders. This commission, composed of eminent cltizens representing the diverse geograph- fca! and political interests of the coun- try, and bringing to their task the ripe fruits of lopg and intelligent service in educational, administrative and judicial careers, made great progress from the out- set. A8 early as August 21, 1900, it sub- mitted a preliminary report, which will be laid before the congress, and from which it appears that already the good effects of returning order are felt; that business, in- terrupted by hostilities, 1s improving as peace extends; that a larger area is under sugar cultivation than ever before; that the customs revenues are greater than at any time during the Spanish rule; that economy and efficiency in the military administra- tion have created a surplus fund of §6,000,- 000, avallable for meeded public improve- ments; that & stringent civil service law is in preparation; that rallroad communica- tions aro expanding, opening up rich dis- tricts, and that a comprehensive scheme of education s being organized. Generous Legislation Advised. Later reports from the commission show yet more encouraging advance toward in- suring the benefits of liberty and good gov- ernment to the Filipinos, in the Interest of bumanity and with the aim of building up an enduring, self-supporting and self-ad- ministering community in those far eastern seas. I would impress upon the congress that whatever legislation may be enacted In respect to the Philippine islands should be along these generous lines. The for- tune of war has thrown upon this nation an unsought trust, which should be unselfishly discharged, and devolved upon this gov- ernment a moral as well as material ro- sponsibllity toward these millions whom we have freed from an oppressive yoke. 1 have upon another occasion called the Filipinos “the wards of the nation.” Our obligation as guardian was not lightly as- sumed; it must not be otherwise than hon- estly fulfilled, aiming first of all to benefit those who have come under our fostering care. It is our duty so to treat them that our flag may be no less beloved in the mountains of Luzon and the fertile zones of Mindanao and Negros than it is at home, that there, as here, it shall be the revered symbol of liberty, enlightenment and prog- ress In every avenue of development. The Filipinos are a race quick to learn and to profit by knowledge. He would be rash who, with the teaching of contem- poraneous history in view, would fix a enjoyment "JIImM to the degree of culture and advance- ment yet within the reach of those people if our duty toward them be faithfully per- formed. GOVERNMENT OF PORTO RICO. American Admin 1on Now cessful Operation. The elvil government of Porto Rico pro- vided for by the act of comgress, Ap- proved April 12, 1900, {s in successful operation. The courts have been estab- lished. The governor and his assoclates, working intelligently and farmoniously, are meeting with commendable auccess. On November ¢ a general election was held in the fsland for members of the legislature and the body elected has been called to convene on the first Monday of December, 1 recommend that legislation be anacted by the congress copferring upon the secre- tary of the Interfor supervision over tho publie lands in Porto Rico, that he be directed to ascertain the location and quan- tity of lands the title to which remained in the crown of Spain at the date of cession of Porto Rico to the United States and that appropriations necessary for surveys be made and that the methods of the dispo- sition of such lands be prescribed by law. FRAMING CONSTITUTION FOR CUBA. ued for Election to Choose Delegates to Convention. On July 25, 1900, I directed that a call be lssued for an election in Cuba for members of a constitutional convention to frame a constitution on a basis for a stable and independent government in the island. In pursuance thereof the military governor issued the following instructions Whereas, the congress of the TUnited States by it joint resolution of April ), 1898, declared: . That the people of the island of Cuba are and of right ought to be free and independent, “That the United States hereby disclaims any disposition or {ntention to exercise soverelgnty, Jjurisdiction or control over said island’ except for the pacification nd asserts {ts determination, when complished, to leave the govern- nd control of the lswnd to its And ' wherens ho people of Cuba have established municipal governments, deriv- ing their authority from the suffrages of the people iven' ur ust and equal laws, and are now ready, ‘in like manner, to proceed to the estublishment of a gen: eral government which shall assumo and exerclso soverelgnty, jurisdiction and con- trol over the Island} Therefore it Is ordered that n general election bo held in the i8land of Cuba on the third Saturday of September, in the ;ar 1900, to elect delegates to the' conven- tion to meet in tho city of Havana at 12 o'clock, noon, on the first Monday of No- vember, In_the year 190, to frame and adopt & constitution for the people of Cuba, and, as o part thereof, to provide for an agréo with the government of the United States upon the relations to exist between that government and the government of Cubi and to provide for the election by the péople of officers under such constitution and the transfer of government to the oflicers so elected. Tho election will be held in the several voting precinots of the fsland, under and yirsuant to the provisions of the electoral W of April 15, 190, and the amendments thereof. overnor Woodsa' Statement. The election was held on September 15 and the convention assembled on November 0§, 1900, and s now in session. In calling the convention to order the military governor of Cuba made the following statement: As military governor of the fsland, rep- resenting the president of the United States, 1 call this convention to order. 1t will be your duty, first, to frame and adopt a constitution” for Cuba and when that has been done to formulate what in your opinion ought to be the relations be- tween Cuba and the United States, The constitution must be adequate to secure a stable, orderly and free govern- ment When you have formulated the relations which In your opinion ought to exist be- tween Cuba and the United States the ernment of the United States will doubtless take sich action on ité part as shall lead to a final and authoritative agreement be- tween the people of the two countries to the promotion of their common Interests. Many Watch the Convention. Al! friends of Cuba will follow your de- liberations with the deepest ‘interest, earnestly desiring that you shall reach just conclusions and 'that by the dignity,” in- dividual self-restraint and wise consery tism which shall characterize your pro- ceedings the capacity of the Cuban people for representative government may be signally {llustrated. he fundamental distinction between true representative A}nw‘rmnem and dictatorship is that in the former every representative of the people, in whatever office, confines himselt” strictly within the limifs of his ined powers. Without such restraint ro can be no free constitutional govern- the order pursuant to which youa en_elected and convened you have and no authority to take part in the present government of the island. Your powers are strictly limited by the terms of that order. When the convention concludes its labor 1 will transmit to the congress the constitu- tion as framed by the convention for its consideration and for such action as it may deem advisable. Cable to the Colontes I renew the recommendation made in my special message of February 10, 1899, as to the necessity for cable communication be- tween the United States and Hawali, with extension to Manila. Since them clrcum- stances have strikingly emphasized this need. Surveys have shown the entire feasibility of a chain of cables which at each stopping place shall touch on Ameri- can territory, 8o that the system shall be under our own complete control. Manila cnce within telegraphic reach, commection with the syste of the Asiatic coast would open increased and profitable oppor- tunities for a more direct cable route from cur shores to the Orient than is now afforded by tho transatlamtic, continental and transasian lines. I urge attentlon to this important matter. EXPLAINS NEEDS OF THE ARMY. Zxtent of the Military Establishment of the United States. The personal strength of the army s 100,000 men—85,000 reguldrs and 35,000 vol- unteers. Under the act of March 2, 1899, om June 30 next the present volunteer force will bo discharged and the regular army will be reduced to 2,447 officers and 29,03 cnlisted men. In 1888 @ board of officers convened by President Cloveland adopted a compro- hensive acheme for coast defense fortific tions, which involved the outlay of some- thing over $100,000,000. This plan received tho approval of congress and since then regular appropriations have been made and tho work of fortification has steadily progressed. Moro than $60,000,000 has been Invested in a great number of forts d guns, with all the complicated apd sclentific machinery and electrical appli- ances necessary for thelr use. The proper caro of this defensive machinery requires (Continued on Ninth Page.) * Don't neglect a cold. When ex- ed or chilled ake an Orange- ine powder and repeat in twenty minutes. 1f your cold has started fol- low Orangeine directions, “One night cure,” found in every package. Specimen Experlences, beet ramedy. for o wvor gow,? i el and b seut to Nea_rly a/ Bréak DoWn. minent Minnesotn emnrkable Story, ALBERT LEA, Minn,, Dec. 8 There are few men and women in this State or fndeed in the wholo northwest, who have not heard, or do not kuow per- sonally Mrs. Henrlette C. Olberg of this elty. Mrs. Olberg was Judge of Linen and Linen Fabrics at the World's Fair, at Chicago, and Superintendent of Flax Ex- hibit at the International Exposition at Omaha, Nebraska, in 1808, Mrs, Olborg is Secretary of the National Flax, Hemp and Ramio Assoclation, and Assistant Editor of the “Distafr.” Her officlal dutles are naturally very onerous, and involve a great deal of travel- 1ing and living away from home. Sho says: “During the World's Fair in Chlcago, my official dutles so taxed my strength, that 1 thought I would have to give them up. Through the contin change of food and irregular meal hours, and a poor quality of water, I lost my appetite, and became wakeful and nervous in the extreme. My Kidneys refused to perform thelr usual dutles. One of my assistants advised me to try Dodd's Kidney Pills, and sent for a box. I am pleased to say that I derived immediate and permanent benefit. 1 used three boxes, and feel ten years younger. “I have great confidenco in the efficacy of Dodd’s Kidoey Pills, and am always glad to speak a good word in thelr favor. “Dodd’s Kidney Pills aro weak women's best friend.” All Dealers, 60 cents a box. “Sbotless American Girlhood” “To you, mashers! To you human mon- sters fn good cloth to you ugbridied beasts who have not even ‘the excuse of savagery to condone your lustful offences, to you in all your black sins, I hurl de- flance, contumely and the bitter and un- dylng’ hatred of every decent man in America. As a brother amongst a nation of brothers, 1 say to you that young American manhood will stand none of your so. Just as Bure us there 18 a above us and just as sure as there is a manly spark in ‘the breast of other brothers, death, sure, qulck and terrible death, awaits i1ad 1 the cuuse [ would shoot you down in your tracks or drive a kinfo’ straight up to the hilt into your heart, and take the consequences from any twelve of my peers that over sat on a Jury bench. And 1 have millons behind me! 8o mashers, take yo off, and remem- ber that you forfelt your miserablo 1ife every time you cast your unholy eyes in the direction of spotless American girl- ~From December Broadway Maga- Tells a (Spoectal) The CHRISTMAS (Dec.) 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